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最新双宾语用法回顾整理

最新双宾语用法回顾整理
最新双宾语用法回顾整理

双宾语用法回顾

英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语合称为“双宾语”。学习和使用双宾语时应注意以下要点:

1. 有些动词接双宾语,若间接宾语位于直接宾语之后时,其前必须使用介词to。常见的这类动词有bring, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, sell, send, show, tell, return, write等。如:

Thank you for offering me your umbrella.

= Thank you for offering your umbrella to me.

We still owe the company $500.

= We still owe $500 to the company.

She wrote me a letter once a month.

= She wrote a letter to me once a month.

2. 有些动词接双宾语,若间接宾语位于直接宾语之后时,其前必须使用介词for。常见的这类动词有build, buy, cook, fetch, find, get, order, paint, fix, save, sing, spare等。如:

His aunt bought him a CD player on his birthday.

= His aunt bought a CD player for him on his birthday.

He sat down by the window and ordered himself a coffee.

= He sat down by the window and ordered a coffee for himself.

注意:如果直接宾语是人称代词,一般只能置于间接宾语之前。如:

That pen is mine. Please return it to me. (不能说成Please return me it)

I left my keys in the office. Will you fetch them for me? (不能说成Will you fetch me them?)

3. 有些动词后的间接宾语不能改为由to或for引起的短语,常见的这类动词有allow, ask, charge, cost, envy, forgive, kiss, promise, refuse, wish等。如:

Wish you good luck! (不能说成Wish good luck to / for you)

The dress cost me exactly $100. (不能说成The dress cost $100 to / for me.)

They allowed me only a few minutes to prepare. (不能说成allow sth. to / for sb.)

4. 有些动词接双宾语时,间接宾语前总是要加上介词to。常见的这类动词有

announce, explain, express, introduce, report, suggest, describe, complain, mention 等。如:

Will you explain the poem to me once again? (不能说成explain sb. sth.)

The headmaster introduced to us the famous scientist. (句中的to不能省略)

The girl reported to the policeman what she had seen in the street. (

不能说成report sb. sth.)

5. 能够充当直接宾语的除了名词和代词以外,还可以是“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构或宾语从句。如:

The teacher told them what to do next.

She asked me how I was getting on with my new job.

Please remind him that the meeting has been put off till next week.

6. 带双宾语结构的句子在变为被动语态时,通常有两种情况。如:

She showed me a photo of her family.

→I was shown a photo of her family.或A photo of her family was shown to me.

He gave the little girl an apple.

→The little girl was given an apple.或An apple was given to the little girl.

双宾语用法回顾

双宾语用法回顾 英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语合称为“双宾语”。学习和使用双宾语时应注意以下要点: 1. 有些动词接双宾语,若间接宾语位于直接宾语之后时,其前必须使用介词to。常见的这类动词有bring, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, sell, send, show, tell, return, write等。如: Thank you for offering me your umbrella. = Thank you for offering your umbrella to me. We still owe the company $500. = We still owe $500 to the company. She wrote me a letter once a month. = She wrote a letter to me once a month. 2. 有些动词接双宾语,若间接宾语位于直接宾语之后时,其前必须使用介词for。常见的这类动词有build, buy, cook, fetch, find, get, order, paint, fix, save, sing, spare等。如: His aunt bought him a CD player on his birthday. = His aunt bought a CD player for him on his birthday. He sat down by the window and ordered himself a coffee. = He sat down by the window and ordered a coffee for himself. 注意:如果直接宾语是人称代词,一般只能置于间接宾语之前。如: That pen is mine. Please return it to me. (不能说成Please return me it) I left my keys in the office. Will you fetch them for me? (不能说成Will you fetch me them?) 3. 有些动词后的间接宾语不能改为由to或for引起的短语,常见的这类动词有allow, ask, charge, cost, envy, forgive, kiss, promise, refuse, wish等。如: Wish you good luck! (不能说成Wish good luck to / for you) The dress cost me exactly $100. (不能说成The dress cost $100 to / for me.) They allowed me only a few minutes to prepare. (不能说成allow sth. to / for sb.) 4. 有些动词接双宾语时,间接宾语前总是要加上介词to。常见的这类动词有

英语中的双宾语和宾语补足语的区别

详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别:以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构:1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的,直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构:1.动词+人(宾语)+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语: 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句: She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句: He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错,以为是双宾语,其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语,这个句子是不可以改写成: We make our monitor for Lijian. (×) He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构,实际是双宾语结构,只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise

The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语,这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有:buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语,这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有:七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring,还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me

英语基本句型4 : 双宾语结构

英语基本句型4 :双宾语结构 即:S+V+IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。 此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如: He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或 for。 1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 上述句子还可以表达为: 1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,即可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介词for 引出间接宾语,含义不同 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。

双宾语和宾语补足语

双宾语和宾语补足语的区别? 英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为:"主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语"。 如:My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑. 用来说明宾语的部分叫做宾语补足语.什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢?当一个句子有了(主+谓+宾)后,句意仍不清楚,这时补充一部分,句意就清楚了.如果这部分和宾语之间有逻辑上的“主+谓”的关系.也就是说,假设用宾语作主语,与后面的内容重新组成一个句子,其意义与原句的意义相符合,这时这部分就是宾语补足语.如果与原句意义不相符合,就是“双宾语”.如:1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了,但句意不清楚,加上Sister Li后就完整了.如果我们用宾语做主语,就可写成She is Sister Li.此时,意义与原句相符合,所以Sister Li就是宾语补足语.2.I shall give you这时句子有了主谓宾,意义不完整.加上a dog?就完整了.但我们不能说You are dog,所以这时a dog是直接宾语.you是间接宾语. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人.例如:They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语,a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语.在英语中,有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整,还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作,

英语基本句型 : 双宾语结构

英语基本句型4:双宾语结构即:S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。 此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如:He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。 1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 上述句子还可以表达为: 1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.

有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,即可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介词for引出间接宾语,含义不同 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。 (需借助to的):bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, return, send, show, teach, tell, ask,leave,mail, throw, take, write,等。(需借助for 的):build, buy, call, change, cook, choose, do, draw, envy, fetch,find, forgive,gain, get, make, order,play(演奏) sing, save, spare, win 等。如: Would you find the bag for me? Linda returned the bike to me just now. He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. ▲英语能接双宾语的动词都有哪些? (1) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词: award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人

复合宾语和双宾语

你这句话是复合宾语不是双宾语,判断其是双宾语还是复合宾语要看间接宾语和直接宾语有没有逻辑关系,比如你这句话的直接宾语是Jim,间接宾语是to give the class a talk,谁来give a talk,很明显是Jim,那么直接宾语Jim和间接宾语 to ....直接就存在逻辑关系,所以这句话就是复合宾语。 点击一:什么是双宾语?什么是复合宾语? 1、英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。句子结构为:"主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语"。如: My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑。 2、英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语"。句子结构为:"主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语"。能作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等。如:He made us laugh.他使我们哈哈大笑。 点击二:双宾语用法要点 1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语后面。如:He gave her some chips. = He gave some chips to her. 2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语: 1)当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。如:This book is Mr Wang's. Please give it to him. 2)当强调间接宾语时。如:Mother cooks meals for us every day. 3)当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。如:On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 3、由to引出间接宾语的动词有:give, show, pass, lend, take, tell等;由for引出间接宾语的动词有:buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。 点击三:复合宾语用法要点 1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, make, find等。如:We must keep our classroom clean.

中考英语:从两道例题看双宾语和复合宾语的区别

中考英语:从两道例题看双宾语和复合宾语 的区别 1. The artist said that he hoped______ drawing the picture soon. A. his son to finish B. to finish C. finishing D. his son will finish 解析:不可用复合宾语,A不对;不可用ing形式,C 不对;D 时态不对,所以选择B. 2. Jim’s father said to him,”I hope you ____ what I _____ you to buy.” A. didn’t forget; told B. no to forget; have told C. won’t forget; have told D. haven’t forgotten; will tell 解析:不可跟复合宾语A、B错;D 时态不对,C 宾语从句,时态也对; 语法对接:某些及物动词后面能跟双宾语或复合宾语,这两种宾语的形式虽然相似,但结构与意义却不同。那么如何区分双宾语和复合宾语呢? (1) 从动词上区分。 一些动词后面常跟双宾语,这类动词有give,show,bring,read,pass,lend,tell,leave,teach,write,buy,sing 等。例如:

The teacher gives each of them an eraser.老师给他们每人一块橡皮。 一些动词后面常跟复合宾语,这类动词有let,see,watch,hear,help,feel,keep,call,make,find,tell,ask,think,want等。例如: We must keep the classroom clean.我们必须保持教室清洁。 (2)从充当这两个成分的词的词性上来区分 在双宾语中,能充当间接宾语或是直接宾语的一般是名词或代词。而在复合宾语中,能充当宾语补足语成分的则较多,如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式和分词。例如: She showed us(pron.)a new TV set(n.). He gave Tom(n.) a piece of paper(n.). We call him Lao Li(n.). Don’t keep the light on(adv.). They must keep their hands behind their backs I won’t let you try again。 The other students in the class keep their eyes closed。 3)从构成宾语的间接宾语和直接宾语之间与构成复合宾语的宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系上区分。 在双宾语中,两个宾语间的关系比较松散,有的句子

英语基本句型双宾语结构

英语基本句型4:双宾语结构 即:S+V+IO+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有: buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等。 此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如:Hebringsmecookieseveryday. 但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。 1)Herfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent. 2)TheoldmanalwaystellsthechildrenstoriesabouttheheroesintheLongMarch. 上述句子还可以表达为: 1)Herfatherboughtadictionaryforherasabirthdaypresent. 2)TheoldmanalwaystellsstoriesabouttheheroestothechildrenintheLongMarch. 有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,即可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介词for引出间接宾语,含义不同 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。 用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。 (需借助to的): bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,read,return,send,show,teach,tell,as k,leave,mail,throw,take,write,等。 (需借助for的): build,buy,call,change,cook,choose,do,draw,envy,fetch,find,forgive,gain,get,make ,order,play(演奏)sing,save,spare,win等。如:WouldyoufindthebagformeLindareturnedthebiketomejustnow. . ▲英语能接双宾语的动词都有哪些 (1)双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词: .=.颁奖给某人 .=.把某物带给某人 .=.把某物递给某人 .=.把某物借给某人 .=.把某物寄给某人 .=.将某物给某人 .=.欠某人某物 .=.把某物递给某人 .=.付给某人某物(钱) .=.把某物寄给某人 .=.把某物读给某人听 .=.把某物还给某人

双宾语 to for的用法

1.两者都可以引出间接宾语,但要根据不同的动词分别选用介词to 或for:(1) 在give, pass, hand, lend, send, tell, bring, show, pay, read, return, write, offer, teach, throw 等之后接介词to。 如: 请把那本字典递给我。 正:Please hand me that dictionary. 正:Please hand that dictionary to me. 她去年教我们的音乐。 正:She taught us music last year. 正:She taught music to us last year. (2) 在buy, make, get, order, cook, sing, fetch, play, find, paint, choose,prepare, spare 等之后用介词for 。如: 他为我们唱了首英语歌。 正:He sang us an English song. 正:He sang an English song for us. 请帮我把钥匙找到。 正:Please find me the keys. 正:Please find the keys for me. 能耽搁你几分钟吗(即你能为我抽出几分钟吗)? 正:Can you spare me a few minutes? 正:Can you spare a few minutes for me? 注:有的动词由于搭配和含义的不同,用介词to 或for 都是可能的。如:do sb a favour=do a favour for sb 帮某人的忙 do sb harm=do harm to sb 对某人有害

双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语

双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语 双宾动词1.动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语 They granted us a loan. She will lend you her mp3. I owed him an apology. Hand me the cellphone. 间接宾语有时候要放后面, 需要加介词to, 这类动词有give, loan, play, send, tell, grant, mail, post, serve, write, award, offer, read, show, bring, lease, owe, rent, sing, deal, leace, pass, repay, take, lend, pay, sell, teach 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+ 间接宾语 Sing us a song, please.-------Please sing a song for us. 这类动词常见的有: book, find, pick, bring, fix, play, fix, buy, leave, reserve, build, get, prepare, book, make, save, cut, mix, set, design, order, sing, fetch, paint, spare 常见的跟宾语补足语的及物动词 1. 可跟adj, 或adj短语作宾补的动词 (这类动词只跟一个宾语意义不完整, 宾语后必须加一个成分, 使其意义完整) believe, drive, keep, set, declare, consider, leave, find, make, cut, judge, get, push, dye, paint 2. 可用名词短语作宾补 call, name, make (使变为), wish, consider, find, keep, choose, elect We choose Li our new manager. We consider him a talented genius. 3. 可带to不定式结构作宾补 advise, allow, ask, expect, invite, get, order, tell, teach, wish, warn If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself. How could they allow the state to build a prison so close to our neighbourhood. 4. 用ing做宾补 see, hear, keep, catch, find, have(让, 使) watch, smell, look at, observe, discover, get(使) Can you hear sb playing the piano in the hall? The boy was last seen playing by the riverside. 5. 用ed做宾补 have(使), get(使), make(使), find(发现), feel, see, heat, think, watch You will see this product advertised wherever you go. I found the story used in a book. 指示代词this和that都可以用来指代或概括上文提到的事物,或指代前面整个句子的内容,两者在意义上没有区别,只是that多用在较正式的文体中。(同一句话中) You smiled and talked to me of nothing, for this I’d been waiting long. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way of crops, but this only accelerates crisis. 如果要指代下文,通常用this,用that情况很少,而且常有讽刺,气愤等意味。 I want to know this; Has he been here the whole morning?

带双宾语的动词及其用法(终审稿)

带双宾语的动词及其用 法 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】

1、give, pass, lend, show, send, hand,write和bring 个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach,等 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 Richard made it for him。理查德为他做的这个东西 Give it to me。把它给我 4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe,pay. I asked a question. 我问了一个问题 I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题 5、suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。 Could you explain your point of view to us =Could you explain to us your point of view 6.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如: ①a. The boss entrusted him with the job. b. The boss entrusted the job to him.

主谓双宾和主谓宾宾补的区别

1、主谓双宾中两个宾语都与主语联系,是主语动作的承受者。而主谓宾宾补中的补语是用来补充说明宾语的。这是从概念区分的。 2、“主谓宾补”中,如果将主谓去掉,宾语和补语是存在逻辑关系的,加入助动词可以构成一个完整的句子。 宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种: 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有:who,what,which等。如:Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西? 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如: He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much,when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如: He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。

带双宾语的动词及其用法

1、give, pass, lend, show, send, hand,write和bring 个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach,等 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 Richard made it for him。理查德为他做的这个东西 Give it to me。把它给我 4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe,pay. I asked a question. 我问了一个问题 I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题 5、suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。 Could you explain your point of view to us? =Could you explain to us your point of view? 6.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如:

跟双宾语与宾补结构的动词

跟双宾语与宾补结构的动词 Verb: 分为及物vt和不及物vi两种 及物动词后面必须跟宾语。有些动词后面常跟双宾语或复合宾语,复合宾语也就是宾补结构 1.后面常跟双宾语结构的及物动词 accord给予bring带来buy 买deny不给予grant同意给予、准许promise答应、允诺pass传递pay支付hand递leave留、交付teach tell throw wish希望write owe欠send送show展示return归还offer提供lend借给refuse拒绝take带去、带走 He wrote his mother a check 他给母亲开了一张支票。 The general granted us permission to visit the military base 将军准许我们参观那个军事基地 I have promised Susan the book by Monday 我己经答应周一前给苏珊那本书。 His friends accorded Tom their sincere thanks 他的朋友们对汤姆表示了诚挚的谢意。 注:1、双宾语结构经常可以引入介词to或for把间宾引出保留直宾而变成单宾语结构。用to表示动作对谁而做,间宾是实际承受者;用for表示动作为谁而做,间宾是预定承受者。

用to的动词:allow bring cause give sell hand lend show offer owe pass promise pay read refuse return teach throw tell throw send take等 用for的动词:book build buy call choose cook(bake boil fry)fetch find keep make find找到order save spare等 2.后面带复合宾语,也就是宾补结构的及物动词 1)宾语+名词构成的宾补结构 appoint任命call称作choose选择designate 选派、授予elect选举count认为name称作、取名crown加冕find发现leave使keep 保持consider认为nominate提名等等 They crowned him king 他们立他为国王。 We appointed him president of the club 我们任命他为俱乐部主席。 I considered him a genius 我认为他是个天才。 We elected John chairman 我们选约翰做主席。 We found her a very suitable person for the job 我们发现她很适合做这项工作。You must keep it a secret. 你必须对这点保密。 We nominated him a member of the council 我们提名他为委员会的委员。 2)宾语+形容词构成的宾补结构

双宾语tofor的用法

1. 两者都可以引出间接宾语,但要根据不同的动词分别选用介词to 或for: (1) 在give, pass, hand, lend, send, tell, bring, show, pay, read, return, write, offer, teach, throw 等之后接介词to。 如: 请把那本字典递给我。 正:Please hand me that dictionary. 正:Please hand that dictionary to me. 她去年教我们的音乐。 正:She taught us music last year. 正:She taught music to us last year. (2) 在buy, make, get, order, cook, sing, fetch, play, find, paint, choose,prepare, spare 等之后用介词for 。如: 他为我们唱了首英语歌。 正:He sang us an English song. 正:He sang an English song for us. 请帮我把钥匙找到。 正:Please find me the keys. 正:Please find the keys for me. 能耽搁你几分钟吗(即你能为我抽出几分钟吗)? 正:Can you spare me a few minutes? 正:Can you spare a few minutes for me? 注:有的动词由于搭配和含义的不同,用介词to 或for 都是可能的。如: do sb a favou r do a favour for sb 帮某人的忙 do sb harnn= do harm to sb 对某人有害

怎样区分双宾语复合宾语

怎样区分双宾语&复合宾语 ■天津七中吕萍 吕萍 1、双宾即是指英语句子中的直接宾语和间接宾语。 有些及物动词后面可以有双宾语,一个指人,一个指物。指人的为间接宾语,指物的为直接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前,但有时为了强调直接宾语,或者间接宾语较长,就把他们的位置互换。这时必须在间接宾语前加介词to或 for,句子的含义不变。如: Thesungivesuslightandheat. Hetoldafunnystorytohis friend.Motherboughtanewshirt forme.大多数动词遇到上述情况,在间接宾语前加to,少数几个动词用 for。用for的常用动词有:get,buy,make,sing,draw,find等。如: Theartistdrewahorsefor thegirl.Singasongforus,please. 如果直接宾语是代词,它总是放在间接宾语之前。如: Giveittome,please.Willyoutakethesetoyourparents? 2、有些及物动词除了要有宾语外还要再有一个补足语,对宾语加以补充说明,否则句子意义不完整。 宾语和它的补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系,和在一起就叫复合宾语。那么,哪些词可以和宾语一起构成复合宾语呢?下面让我们来看一看: (1)名词(或代词)+不定式。如: Theteachertoldustocomeearlier. Whatmakesyouthinkso?在这种复合宾语中,不定式大多带to,但在make,let,have,see, hear,watch,notice,feel,lookat,listen to等动词后的复合宾语中,不定式都不带to。

_楚辞_诗经_双宾语结构的语用比较

收稿日期:2010-11-20 基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(10YJC740041);湖南省高等学校科学研究重点项目(10A047);湖南省社会科学基金立项资 助项目(08YBA108)。 作者简介:胡云晚(1973-),女,湖南洞口人,湖南理工学院中国语言文学学院副教授,文学博士,主要研究方向为应用语言学。 《楚辞》、《诗经》双宾语结构的语用比较 胡云晚1 唐巧娟2 (1.湖南理工学院中国语言文学学院,湖南岳阳414006;2.贵州师范大学文学院,贵州贵阳550002)摘 要:《楚辞》、《诗经》双宾式及其同义句式的用例比分别为8:17、62:16。主观情态因素“语义焦点”是《楚辞》双宾式的 主要制约因素,篇章因素“诗歌整齐美”、“诗体体例”是其同义句式的主要制约因素;篇章因素“四言体”诗歌体例在《诗经》双宾语结构中起强势作用,在符合节律的条件下,主观情态因素“语义焦点”才在其双宾式中起作用。这种语用差异是由二者的文体特征决定的。 关键词:《楚辞》、《诗经》;双宾语结构;语用比较中图分类号:H109.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-6365(2011)02-0050-05 先秦散文语义、语法平面的双宾语结构(包括各种双宾式及其同义句式,下文将前者标为A ,后者标为B )是近年来的研究热点。先秦诗歌的集大成者《楚辞》、《诗经》的双宾语结构极少人关注,语用平面的研究更为罕见。本文拟就《楚辞》、《诗经》双宾语结构(限于给与、告示、称谓等得到普遍认可的结构)的语用特点进行比较,将涉及到语言经济原则、表意明确、语义重心和焦点等主观情态因素以及节奏、诗歌整齐性、诗体体例等篇章因素。 1《楚辞》双宾语结构的语用制约 《楚辞》中,A 仅8例,B 则有17例,比率悬殊。双宾式的使用限制,首先是语言成分自身的约束,如受语义特征影响,只有三价动词才能进入该类句式,但是,常见的三价动词在《楚辞》中很少以双宾式出现却是语用制约的结果。 1.1《楚辞》双宾式的语用制约 如果将动词标为V ,间接宾语(与事)标为O 1,直接宾语(受事)标为O 2,《楚辞》中,A 有三类:A 1(V-O 1-O 2)、A 2(V-O 2-O 1)、A 3(O 2-O 1-V )。如: A 1:(1)授殷天下,其位安施?(天问)A 2:(2)愿寄言夫流星兮,羌倏忽而难当。(九辩)A 3:(3)忧心不遂,斯言谁告兮!(九章)1.1.1A 1(V-O 1-O 2)的制约因素 《楚辞》中,A 1最多,有5例。 “动宾结构中,受事直接受动作影响而改变状态,往往是表达的新信息”[1](P153),那么,双宾式中,受事比与事更倾向于成为新信息,而常规信息的传递是一个从旧信息到新信息的过程。如例(1),受事“天下”因直接受动作“授”的影响而改变状态,比与事“殷”更倾向于成为新信息。因此,A 1首先是信息结构模式制约的结果。 另一方面,作为新信息的受事也容易成为自然焦点,照汉语尾焦原则,受事理当位于句末。可见,“天下”不仅是新信息,也是句子的焦点。 陈述句中,新信息在信息结构模式中位于句末,焦点也在句末,二者重合,A 1是新信息与自然焦点共同制约的产物。 1.1.2A 2(V-O 2-O 1)的制约因素 与A 1相比,A 2的两个宾语也位于动词后,只是语序不同。尽管A 1是古汉语最典型的双宾式,表赐与和其他少数动词所构成的双宾式也以A 2为常[2](P567)。 制约A 2的首要语用因素是“重成分后置”。重成分后置对汉语双宾语来说则几乎是一种刚性制约。[3](P354)双宾式中,相对直接宾语而言,间接宾语长而复杂时,受“重成分后置”的制约,A 2成为理论上的首选句式。如例(2),“夫流星”相对“言”来说是“重成分”,为避免头重脚轻而后置。先秦其他文献 第32卷第2期2011年3月云梦学刊Journal of Yunmeng Vol.32,No.2Mar.2011

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