美英报刊阅读教程Lesson 16 课文

Unit 16 The United States of AmericaUnit 16 The United States of America教案编号27Unit 16 The United States of America教案编号28Unit 16 The United States of America 教案编号29Unit 16 The United States of America教案编号30Unit 16 The United States of America教案Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the UnitThe United States of America is a developed country and also a booming country,which has a history of only 200~300 years.After the USA was founded,the American Civil War broke out in 1861,which brought suffering to the people of the USA,especially those in the South.Rebuilding the South became an essential task at that time.This unit mainly talks about the rebuilding and development of the American South.And Atlanta is a good illustration.It also deals with the bison on the plainsof America.Because the bison was killed in huge numbers by European settlers,the balance of the whole wildlife was destroyed.After learning the unit,we let the students learn about the early history of America.Besides,some useful expressions and phrases should be mastered,and Non-finite verbs need to be reviewed,especially their passive forms.Ⅱ.Teaching Goals1.Talk about the USA.2.Practise describing places.3.Review Non-finite Verbs(2).4.Write a comparison essay.Ⅲ.Background Information1.The American Civil WarThe war of 1861~1865 between the northern states (the Union) and the southern states (the Confederacy) is also called the War between the States or the War of the Rebellion.There were many causes,of which the most important were disagreement over slavery,and the quarrel concerning Federal control and States’Rights.The direct cause of the war was the election of Lincoln as President;this was followed by the secession of the southern states from the Union and the founding of the Confederacy,with Jefferson Davis as its President.The North had many advantages,a far greater population,more railway lines,and more factories.But the Confederates fought hard and were at first successful:they won the battles of Bull Run and Fredericksburg;but then Lee was defeated at Gettysburg and the Union army led by Grant won control of Mississippi.Admiral Farragant forced New Orleans to surrender:Texas,Arkansas and Louisiana were cut off from the rest of the Confederacy.After the Union won the Vicksburg campaign,Sherman made his march through Georgia to the sea,and Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomatton Court House,Virginia,on April 9,1865.Lincoln was assassinated in the same month.Slavery was declared unconstitutional.The period after the war (Reconstruction),when the South was occupied by the Worth,left bitterness that has not yet entirely vanished.During Reconstruction the southern states were admitted back into the Union.2.The War of American Independence(Also called the Revolutionary War 1775~1783)The struggle of the thirteen British colonies in North America for independence ended in the forming of the USA.The main causes of the war were taxes imposed by the British government,e.g.the Stamp Tax of 1765 and the Tea Tax.The colonies rebelled in 1775;the first shots were fired at Lexington,and the First battle was faught at Bunker Hill.The continental Congress appointed General Washington as leader of its forces,and issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4,1776.General Burgoyne led a British army down from Canada but was forced to surrender at Saratoga (Oct.1777).He was supposed to meet the army of General Howe,who managed to occupy Philadelphia.Washington spent the hard winter of 1777~1778 at Valley Forge,and had difficulty in keeping his men together,France (1778),Spain (1779)and the Netherlands (1780)joined the war against Britain.British forces under Cornwallis won victories in the South where Britain had some popular support,but Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown,Virginia,and forced to surrender (Oct.19/1781),which practically brought the war to an end.At sea,Britain had to fight to keep her naval supremacy,but after Yorktown the American ports were lost one by one.The war was ended by the Treaty of Paris,1783,which recognized the independence of the USA.3.Slavery in the United StatesThe African ancestors (祖先) of today’s black Americans were brought to the US as slaves in the seventeenth,eighteenth,and nineteenth centuries.They worked on farms,especially the large farms in the southern states.Slowly they became a necessary part of the economic (经济) system (体制) of the South.Slaves did not have the right of people;according to the law,they were a “thing”which belonged to the person who bought them.They had to obey the orders of their owners without questions.They were not allowed to learn to read;their owners feared the educated slaves would begin to think about the injustice of the system and would learn to struggle for their freedom.Slaves had to work long hours in very unhealthy conditions.Their owners had complete power over them.They could be bought and sold like animals.At the slave markets,black children were separated from their parents and never allowed to see them again.Slave owners had the right to punish the slaves who broke the law or was against the system.Slaves were often beaten or even killed by their owners.After the Civil War,one free slave reported that his owner killed an older slave who wasteaching him to read.In theory an owner who treated a slave badly could be punished.In practice,however,the law meant nothing.Opposition to slavery began very early in the history of the US—in 1671—but little progress was made until the beginning of the nineteenth century.By 1804 slavery was illegal (非法的) in the northern states.But it continued,and even grew,in the southern states,which depended on cotton for their economic wealth.Slavery,ended in the South only after the Civil War.For blacks,however,the end of slavery was only a beginning,the late beginning of a long and difficult struggle for true justice.Ⅳ.Teaching Time:Five periodsThe First PeriodTeaching Aims:1.Learn about the USA.2.Do some listening.3.Practise describing places to train the students’ speaking ability.Teaching Important Points:1.Train the students’ listening ability.2.Improve the students’ speaking ability by practising describing places using the following useful sentence patterns:How long/wide/high/tall is the…?It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.There is…in the North.It looks like…Teaching Difficult Points:1.How to improve the students’ listening ability.2.How to help the students carry out the task of speaking.Teaching Methods:1.Listening-and-answering activity to help the students go through with the listening material.2.Discussion to help the students learn about the US.3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student have a chance to work in class.Teaching Aids:1.the multimedia2.the blackboardTeaching Procedures:Step ⅠGreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step ⅡLead-inT：Now,let’s begin our class.First,I’ll give you some information about the history of a country.Please guess which country it is.Listen carefully.It is a very young country in the world,which has only a history of 200~300 years.Most people in the country are immigrates The head office of the UN was set up there.Two World Wars didn’t take place there.Now it is the strongest country of the world.Can you guess it?Ss:Yes.The USA.Step ⅢWarming-upT:You’re right.Today we’re going to learn Unit 16 The United States of America (Bb:Unit 16 The United States ofT:Well,please do it by yourselves.After a while,I’ll check your answers.Is that clear?Ss:Yes.(After a few minutes,teacher checks the students’ answers.)T:The first one,true or false?S1:False.T:Please correct it.S1:New York is the largest city in the US.T:Good.The second one?S2:True.T:What about the third one?S3:False.New York is known as the “Big Apple”.…Suggested answers:4.F The Constitution was written in 1787.5.F There are 50 stars on the American flag.6.T7.T8.F The Mississippi is one of the important rivers in the world.T:A good job!Now,open your books and turn to Page 41.Please look at the map of the USA and find out the following cities and states:New York,Washington,Florida,Taxas, California,Alaska.(A few minutes later,teacher says the following.)T:Please look at the first picture.What place is it?Any volunteer?S4:It is the famous White House,where the president of the US works and lives with his family.T:Do you know how it got its name?S4:No.T:Who knows?S5:At first,it was made of gray stone and called the President’s Palace.During the war of 1812,it was burned by British soldiers.Afterwards,it was rebuilt.The walls were painted white to cover up marks left by the fire.Then people began calling the President’s Palace the White House.The name caught on and has remained in use ever since.T:Wonderful!Next,let’s look at the second picture.It is a famous city,which is it?S6:New York.T:Right.Can you guess when the picture was taken?S6:I think it was taken before the date September 11,2001.T:How do you know?S6:Because in the picture,we can see many skyscrapers.Among them,the World Trade Centre and the Empire State Building are most famous,but now the World Trade Centre has already gone.It was exploded by terrorists.T:Oh,What a pity!Do you know anything else about New York?Ss:No.T:New York is America’s cultural capital,where there is the statue of Liberty,the skyscrapers, the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue,and the many theatres on Broadway.Manhattan,the smallest island in New York,is the real centre of the city.When people say “New York City”they usually mean Manhattan.In 1605,the first Europeans came to Manhattanfrom Holland.They bought the island from the American Indians for a few glass necklaces,worth about $26.The most crowded part of New York is perhaps Harlem,where most Black Americans live.The crime rate is among the highest in the Western world.I hope one day some of you will have a chance to visit it.Do you have enough confidence?Ss:Yes.T:OK.Now,work in pairs or groups.Make a list of things you know about the USA and what you’d like to know more about.(Teacher may encourage the students to make a chart.Several minutes later,teacher collects their charts.)Sample diagram:Step ⅣListeningT:OK.We have talked more about the USA.Now let’s listen to a radio programme about New York to help Wang Xiao correct the errors in her notes.Turn to the next page.Let’s look at Ex.1 in the listening part.Here are the notes taken by Wang Xiao after he listens to a radio programme about New York.First read it by yourself.Then I’ll play the tape for you to listen.After that,please correct his errors.(Teacher plays the tape for the first time.After playing it,teacher gives the students one or two minutes to do Ex.1.At last,teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)T:OK.Now let’s listen to the tape again and then answer some concerned questions.Before listening,you need to go through with the questions.(Teacher gives the students one minute to read the questions.Then play the tape for the second time.After that,give the students enough time todiscuss the answers and check them.)T:Well done.Please listen to Part 2 of the listening material and then choose the best answers to the question in Ex.3.(Teacher deals with Ex.3 in the same way.If necessary,play the tape again.)Step ⅤSpeakingT:Everyone loves his own hometown,which is beautiful in their hearts.Now,let’s talk about our hometown.Tell me where your hometown is,Wang Kai.S7:My hometown lies on the plain of North China.T:Are there any mountains,rivers or forests?S7:Yes.There is the famous Mount Taihang to the west,Fenhe River in the centre and a railway from Datong to Fenglingdu across my hometown.T:What does the landscape look like?S7:Very beautiful.There are thick forests,clean rivers and pleasant climate.Resources of minerals are also rich,which is called “the Sea of Coal”.Many places of interest,like the ancient city Pingyao,Yungang Rock Cave and Mount Wutai are famous in the world.T:Well done!Now,look at the last part—Speaking at Page 42.Let’s do some speaking.Choose one of the cards and ask each other questions.You can use a map to help you.Before speaking,please look at the sentence patterns on the screen.They may be of great help to you.Can you make a sentence using each sentence pattern on the screen?Ss:Yes.T:Who can try the first sentence pattern?S8:How tall is the building?T:Yes.Answer the question,please.S8:It’s about 100 feet tall.T:Very good.Make a sentence with the next sentence pattern.Any volunteer?S9:There is a famous mountain in the north.T:OK.Sit down,please.The last one?S10:It looks like a bird’s nest.T:Good job!Now,work in pairs to talk about your hometown.Ater a while,I’ll ask some students to act out their dialogues before the class.Are you clear about that?Ss:Yes.T:Begin,please.(Teacher goes among the students and joins them.)T:(After a few minutes)Are you ready?Ss:Yes.T:Who’d like to act out your dialogue in front of the class?(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue before the class.)Sample dialogue:A:Could you tell me where your hometown is?B:My hometown is on the plain of North China,which has a population of 5 000.A:Is it beautiful?B:Yes.It lies to the east of Mount Taihang and west of Haihe River.The railway from Beijing to Guangzhou crosses it.There is fertile land,rich resources,simple people and developed trade.It is a brilliant pearl on the plain.A:Very beautiful!Would you like to take me to visit your hometown if possible?B:Of course.I’m glad to act as your guide.What about your hometown?A:On the Loess Plateau lies my hometown.B:The Loess Plateau?It must be very inaccessible and backward.A:No.My hometown is not far from the Yellow River,which is more than 5 000 metres long.The traffic is convenient,four seasons clear,climate cool and resources of minerals rich,like coal,iron…I believe my hometown will become more beautiful in the near future.Step ⅥSummary and HomeworkT:In this class,we’ve mainly learnt something about the USA by speaking and listening.Besides,we’ve talked about our hometown using the useful sentence patterns,such as:How long/wide/high/tall is the…?It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.…(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)After class,surf the Internet to get more information about the USA,such as the history of the USA.At last,don’t forget to preview the reading passage.That’s all for today.Class is over.Reference for TeachingⅠ.异域风情Weddings in the U.S.Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do.There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare1;there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests barefooted2;and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests.But many weddings,no matter where or how they are performed,include certain traditional customs.Before a couple is married,they become engaged.And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby,their close friends and their relatives who live far away.When everything is ready,then comes the most exciting moment.The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes.The wedding party enters the church while the wedding march is played.The bride carrying a bouquet enters last with her father who will “give her away”.The groom enters the church from a side door.When the wedding party is gathered by the altar3,the bride and groom exchange vows.It is traditional to use the words “To have and to hold from this day forward,for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness and in health,to love and to cherish,till death do us part”.Following the vows,the couple exchange rings.Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.After the ceremony4 there is often a party,called a “reception”which gives the wedding guests a chance to congratulate the newlyweds.The car in which the couple leaves the church is decorated5 with balloons,streamers and shaving cream.The words “Just Married”are painted on the trunk or back window.The bride and groom run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests.When the couple drives away from the church,friends often chase them in cars,honking6 and drawing attentionⅡ.知识归纳1.浅析非谓语动词的被动式结构非谓语动词的逻辑主语是该非谓语动词动作的承受者时，一般要用非谓语动词的被动式。

Lesson4 Is an Ivy League Diploma Worth It？花钱读常春藤名校值不值？1.如果愿意的话，施瓦茨（Daniel Schwartz）本来是可以去一所常春藤联盟（Ivy League）院校读书的。

他只是认为不值。

2.18 岁的施瓦茨被康奈尔大学（Cornell University）录取了，但他最终却去了纽约市立大学麦考利荣誉学院（City University of New York’s Macaulay Honors College），后者是免费的。

3.施瓦茨说，加上奖学金和贷款的支持，家里原本是可以付得起康奈尔的学费的。

但他想当医生，他觉得医学院是更有价值的一项投资。

私立学校医学院一年的花费动辄就要4 万5 美元。

他说，不值得为了一个本科文凭一年花5 万多美元。

4.助学贷款违约率日益攀升，大量的大学毕业生找不到工作，因此越来越多的学生认定，从一所学费不太贵的学校拿到的学位和从一所精英学校拿到的文凭没什么区别，并且不必背负贷款负担。

5.Robert Pizzo 越来越多的学生选择收费较低的公立大学，或选择住在家里走读以节省住房开支。

美国学生贷款行销协会（Sallie Mae）的一份报告显示，2010 年至2011 学年，家庭年收入10 万美元以上的学生中有近25%选择就读两年制的公立学校，高于上一学年12%的比例。

6.这份报告称，这样的选择意味着，在2010 至2011 学年，各个收入阶层的家庭在大学教育上的花费比上一年少9%，平均支出为21,889 美元，包括现金、贷款、奖学金等。

高收入家庭的大学教育支出降低了18%，平均为25,760 美元。

这份一年一度的报告是在对约1,600 名学生和家长进行问卷调查后完成的。

7.这种做法是有风险的。

顶级大学往往能吸引到那些已经不再去其他学校招聘的公司前来招聘。

在许多招聘者以及研究生院看来，精英学校的文凭还是更有吸引力的。

美英报刊阅读教程ppt课件目录CONTENCT •报刊阅读概述•美英报刊阅读技巧•美英报刊常见题材与写作风格•美英报刊词汇与语法特点•美英报刊文化背景知识•美英报刊阅读实践01报刊阅读概述报刊的重要性信息传递报刊是传递信息的重要途径，包括新闻、时事、社会动态等。

文化传承报刊作为文化载体，能够传承和弘扬社会文化。

思想交流报刊为人们提供思想交流的平台，促进不同观点和思想的碰撞与融合。

报刊的种类和特点种类包括日报、周报、月报等，涵盖政治、经济、文化、娱乐等各个领域。

特点具有时效性、真实性、客观性等特点，同时不同种类的报刊还具有各自独特的特点，如深度报道、评论分析等。

01020304提高语言能力了解国际动态拓展知识面培养批判性思维报刊阅读的目的和意义英文报刊涵盖各个领域的知识和信息，有助于拓展知识面和视野。

英文报刊是获取国际新闻和时事动态的重要途径，有助于了解全球发展趋势和热点事件。

通过阅读英文报刊，可以提高英语语言能力，包括词汇、语法、阅读理解能力等。

英文报刊中的评论和分析有助于培养批判性思维和独立思考能力。

02美英报刊阅读技巧80%80%100%阅读前的准备明确自己希望通过阅读获得哪方面的信息或知识，以便有针对性地选择阅读材料。

对于所选主题或话题，提前了解相关背景信息，有助于更好地理解文章内容。

根据标题、副标题、图片等线索，预测文章可能涉及的内容，为阅读做好准备。

确定阅读目的了解背景知识预测文章内容略读（Skimming）快速浏览全文，抓住文章大意和中心思想，确定文章是否符合阅读目的。

扫读（Scanning）寻找特定信息或关键词，如人名、地名、数据等，以便快速定位到所需内容。

精读（Intensive Reading）仔细阅读文章重要部分，理解作者观点、论据和细节信息。

批判性思维对文章内容进行批判性分析，评估作者观点的合理性和可信度，形成自己的见解。

回顾文章内容总结阅读收获分享与交流反思与改进简要回顾文章的主要观点和论据，加深对文章内容的理解。

Lesson 4VI.1. They found those Korean-Americans isolated and helpless, and recognized the attacks as a threat to Asians as a whole. For many Asian-Americans, the riots represented as an assault on their faith in America.2. The total population of Asian-Americans is about 7.3 million. Nearly 2.5 million arrived during the 1980s. The fastest increasing groups are Koreans and Vietnamese. About half of Asian immigrants settle on the Pacific coast while hundreds of thousands move on to New York and dozens of cities in between.3. They were brought to the United States in the 1860s to work on continental railroads as coolies. They were ill-treated and vilified as a “population befouled with all the social vices”. In 1887, there occurred the Snake River Massacre in Oregon, in which 31 Chinese were robbed and murdered.4. Asian families earn an average of $35,900 per year, more than the average for white families. However, as the Asian family is larger, their per capita income is actually less than that of white people.5. They are called the “model minority” because of their superiority to other races in habits of study and work. They are said to embody the American Dream of hard work, thrift and success. Asians, however, rebel against the model-minority label as another insidious stereotype. They think that it is a subtly racist excuse not to help underprivileged Asians and to hold back even average Asians on the ground that they already have “natural” advantages.6. Because they believe that Asian-Americans have accepted the white mainstream culture and white people love them for everything the blacks are not.7. They are making great efforts to preserve and acquire the Asian culture by improving their original language proficiency, attacking the model minority image and Asians who forget their original culture.8. The main obstacles are skin color and lack of English proficiency.9. The Indo-Chinese group is most noted for street gang activities. The main cause is unemployment.10. The ties within each small Asian group are close and family connections are strong. A key link in the system is rotating credit association. However, many Asians lack a larger sense of unity and bring ancient rivalries from native countries. Most Asian support groups are based on nationality or even smaller units.OutlineI. Impact of the Los Angeles riots(1—2)1. Korean sufferings and helpless state2. Assault on Asian-Americans’ faith in AmericaII. Racial bias against Asian-Americans(3—7)1. Asian immigrants’ uglified image in the past2. Present model-minority label and its harmful effects3. Resentment against Asians for their success and behavior4. Asians’ isolation from the rest of the society5. Boycotts and assaults on Asian businessesIII. American culture’s influence(8—12)1. Fast increase of Asian immigrants wishing to realize the American Dream2. Second generation’s tendency to abandon Asian values3. Identity crisis resulting from two cultures’ pull4. Young people’s efforts to preserve the original culture5. The least assimilated group: Chinatown residentsIV. Discrimination against Asians(13—17)1. Hurdles for assimilation2. Glass ceiling3. UnemploymentV. Similarities and differences between Asians and Blacks(18—21)1. Similar sufferings2. Similar spiritualities3. Asian-Americans’ less difficulty in shrugging off the legacy of discrimination4. First-generation Asian immigrants’ incredibly hardworking and thrifty characterVI. Asians’ ties and political status(22—24)1. Close community ties2. Lack of a larger sense of unity3. Underrepresentation at all government levelsVII. Author’s view concerning the development of Asians’ sentiment(25) Unlikely to become a wider political movementLesson 6Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. DVI.1. Because they regard First Amendment freedom as essential American rights and will not allow any restriction on it.2. Because it holds the view that the reform will place restriction on individual rights and therefore should be fiercely resisted.3. Because the situation is not the same as before. In the 1950s, McCarthy and his inquisitors trampled the free expression of left-wing view; and so for the next two decades or so it was essential to defend the principle of free speech at every opportunity. Now the free speech is not in jeopardy, it should not be rigidly defended.4. Mr. Neuborne holds that in modern political campaign rich candidates flood voters with commercials and propaganda of every kind, so that others have no chance of attracting attention. Poor candidates may enjoy the right to speak, but not the hope that everyone will hear what theyhave to say. To give them a hearing, he suggests that the speech of rich candidates be limited.5. The authors mean that the situation now is different from that of the 1960s. Americans should not abide by the same principle in spite of the change of time. In the 1960s heyday, the ACLU was absolutely correct in upholding citizens’ rights against the police and other authorities. This was because they did not reflect the inte rests of America’s black minority. However, all that has now changed: many policemen, and police chiefs, are black, as are many mayors. If these leaders, reflecting the wishes of their constituencies, choose to adopt tough measures to fight crime, the ACLU should not presume to second-guess them. It’s time to adopt a different attitude.6. The ACLU’s rigid defence of rights ends up favoring the strong more than the weak.7. He thinks that America’s free speech has a price. Though America has been one of the freest countries in the world, it is one of those in which the gap between the rich and poor is the starkest.OutlineI. The burial of the campaign finance reform and its implications(1)II. Two sides’ views on the reform(2)1. Opponents’ view2. Majority’s viewIII. American public’s qualified support for free speech(3—5)1. Firm belief in the first amendment2. Strong support for the campaign finance reform3. Deep split within the ACLU over the campaign financeIV. Criticism of the ACLU’s rigid defence of rights(6—11)1. Burt Neuborne’s view on the ACLU’s line on campaign spending2. Tracey Meares and Dan Kahan’s criticism of the ACLU’s other issuesV. Author’s comment(12) Liberty has a price.Lesson 7Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BVI.1. It indicates that Microsoft corp. has tight control over the software business.2. The present honeymoon will not last long. The industry does not speak with one voice. At the same time, their success has greatly damaged the interests of other industries. So there will be troubles ahead. Besides this, there’s also potential for a huge culture clash. A lot of Silicon Valley types don’t realize the importance of politics and have disdain for government.3. President Clinton promised to keep the Internet tax-free for now and Hewlett Packard Co. won approval to export sophisticated cryptography chips. The 1986 semiconductor trade agreement was signed to stop the dumping of Japanese chips in the US and set market-share goals for US chips in Japan.4. The industry believes that government should do what it needs to do but leave them alone. The software tycoons have little patience for bureaucratic oversight and tend to be uncompromising. The hardware tycoons are willing to look for compromise.5. They are: easing immigration restriction; securities-litigation reform and ending export limit of encryption technology.6. The Internet and electronic commerce have been rearranging the business landscape—changing how Americans buy everything. They are spreading into all sorts of digital services, from entertainment to online banking to telephony.7. Because high-tech leaders have realized that the industry’s future is less about technology and more about policy.OutlineI. Close contact between high tech industry and Washington politicians(1—2)1. Specific example: Bill Gates and Scott G. McNealy’s attendance at the March 3 hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee2. Increasing contact between high tech industry and Washington policy makersII. Reasons for the close relationship(3—6)1. High tech industry’s fast expansion and the appearance of more issues2. Politicians’ strong interest in the job growth industry3. Increasing conflicts between high tech industry and other industries4. High tech industry’s urgent need for solution to many problemsIII. Relationship between high tech industry and government(7—11)1. Good relationship at present2. Difficulties in maintaining the honeymoon3. Need for high tech new executives to learn lobbyingIV. Efforts made by high tech companies at lobbying(12—14)1. Computer companies’ fight for a high-definition TV format2. The establishment of Washington offices3. Crusade to fight alleged Japanese dumping of computer chipsV. Problems with the high tech industry(15—16)1. Lack of unity2. Little patience for bureaucratic oversightVI. Objectives of the high tech executives(17—18)1. Easing immigration restriction and securities litigation reform2. Ending limit on the export encryption technologyVII. Prospects(19) High tech executives will quickly learn how to play the Washington political gameLesson 12Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. BVI.1. The market situation of the sales in the United States is much better than ever before. Many bookstores report increases of over 30%.2. America’s bookstores offer a rich diversity of Bibles to suit people’s different needs and comprehension levels. The 270 stores in the Family Christian Stores chain might carry 200 different titles. Customers now have more choices in format, bindings, boxing and pricing. All new Bibles claim improved scholarship, better readability and more relevance.3. The advance of technology has made it possible to publish more quickly and less expensively. Therefore, it has helped to speeden new Bible production and shorten the shelf life of Bibles.4. In order to meet readers’ different needs, publishers produce specialty Bibles and Bibles with notes and comments.5. The initialism NIV stands for the New International Version.6. The notes and comments in the new Bible would produce the adverse effects of leading the reader off the right page theologically and remaking God in the writer’s own image.OutlineI. Fast increase of Bible sales(1—5)II. Rich diversity of Bible versions and variations(6—17)1. More choices in bindings, boxings and pricing2. Different kinds of Bibles serving different purposes3. Different Bibles claiming improved scholarship and readability4. An explosion of format choicesIII. Reasons for the rich diversity(18—25)1. Advance of technology2. Bible companies’ desire for their market shares3. Customers’ wish for specialty versions suiting their specific needsIV. Possible adverse effects of the notes and comments(26—35)1. Leading the reader off the right page theologically2. Remarking God in one’s own imageLesson 15Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. AVI.1. Americans transfer less money among themselves for such things as social security and welfare.2. It is the measure of “fiscal drag”—the burden taxes place upon an economy.3. It refers to funds that go from one citizen’s pocket to another’s with the government as intermediary.4. High-tax, high-transfer countries tend to be culturally cohesive. America is a melting pot. It is a more diverse society. People are reluctant to contribute to the public spending.5. Lower taxes. More services and more spending.6. They would shoulder higher taxes if they could be sure that doing so would make life better for themselves, their children and their children’s children. A great ma jority would pay more if they could be guaranteed the money would go to education or health insurance or even housing for the homeless. They are willing to pay for the direct and visible services.OutlineI. American’s tax load compared with people of other countries(1—3)1. Lighter load according to OECD’s finding2. More complaints about taxes according to opinion polls3. Author’s view on OECD’s findingII. Similarities and differences between America and other countries in taxes(4—9)1. Similaritya. Allocation of similar proportion of GDP to governmentb. Effect of the allocation on economy: fiscal dragc. US tax payers’ strong sense of fiscal drag2. Difference: US less transfer paymentsa. America’s capability to increase transfer paymentsb. Reasons for US less transfer paymentsUS less cultural cohesion caused by the society’s diversity;Government’s less spending for infrastructureIII. Public’s sentiment over taxes(10—12)1. Willingness to pay more for worthwhile causes such as education and pollution control2. Hatred for bureaucrats’ waste of taxpayers’ money3. Tendency to want it both ways: lower taxes, but more servicesResult: huge federal deficitLesson 17Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. DVI.1. Alcohol poisoning caused Wynne’s death. The autopsy of Wynne found that he had a blood alcohol level six times the amount at which the state considers a person intoxicated.2. Excessive drinking among college students has been blamed for at least six deaths in the year before the writing of the article. It affects not only the bingers but also fellow students, who are more likely to report lost sleep, interrupted studies and sexual assaults on campuses with high binge-drinking rates. Sometimes it may cause riots.3. The most important factor is the campus culture encouraging students to drink, and drink heavily. At many colleges, school life is still synonymous with alcohol-lubricated gatherings. College newspapers are filled with alcohol-related ads. On many campuses, bars send shuttle buses to round up students.4. The act of raising the legal drinking age from 18 to 21 can not solve the problem. Many drink at private parties off campus, with an older student buying the alcohol. Bars’enforcement of the drinking age is often lax, false IDs are common, and legal-age friends are often willing to buy the drinks and bring them back to the table. Instead of drinking in well-monitored settings, the young often experiment in private homes and bars, where there are few checks in place to deter dangerous practices. Research suggests that making alcohol illegal may give it an illicit thrill for younger drinkers. So raising the age may have made the binge problem even worse.5. To solve the binge problem, many colleges hand out literature and hold workshops to educate students about responsible drinking. In addition, they penalize campus groups that sponsor reckless parties.6. No, it’s far from enough just to ban alcohol on campus, for it does nothing about the excessive drinking off-campus. So, colleges should work with the larger community to ensure that students cannot abuse alcohol at private homes and bars.OutlineI. Specific example: Wynne’s death of alcohol poisoning(1)II. General situation: Pervasive binge drinking on campuses(2—3)1. A common problem with most schools2. Huge yearly consumption of alcohol3. Harmful effects on the bingers and fellow studentsIII. Causes for the campus binge problem(4—5)1. Binge-encouraging culture: alcohol-lubricated gatherings; college newspapers’advertising; bars’ shuttle-bus service2. Off-campus wide-availability and high promotion of alcoholIV. Measures taken by many colleges to solve the binge problem(6—7)1. Education through literature and workshops2. Punishment for campus groups for sponsoring reckless parties3. Ban on alcohol consumption on campusesV. Author’s recommended measures(8—9)1. Working with the larger community to stop off-campus alcohol abuse2. Encouraging on-campus responsible drinking for those of legal drinking ageLesson21Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. BVI.1. He took two of his father’s guns from an unlocked cabinet and a third from a family car. He had learnt to fire weapons from his father.2. He means that Barry Loukaitis’ shooting in many respects showed the way in which America’s school yard killings would occur. More recent school killings followed the pattern of Barry Loukaitis’ shooting.3. The violent pop culture predisposed kids to violent behavior. It produced a profound cultural influence pulling kids into a world where violence is a perfectly normal way to handle emotions.4. It shows a very serious problem: American juveniles are becoming violent, callous andremorseless. More kids have mental disorders and their mental problems occur earlier.5. Most earlier killings were gang-related, or they were stabbings involving money or a girl friend. However, most recent killings were shootings done by kids with mental troubles. The victims were chosen at random.6. Yes, they gave ample warning signs, often in detailed writings at school, of dramatic violent outbursts to come. However, adults never took the threats and warning signs seriously. They simply overlooked them.7. Juvenile suicide rates have increased over the last four decades and have leveled off near their all-time highs. More than 1.5 million Americans under age 15 are seriously depressed.8. Because they were strapped for mental health counselors.9. Their parents or grandparents did not lock guns out of kids’ reach. Some of them even bought them guns and taught them how to use the guns.OutlineI. Specific example: Barry Loukaitis’ shooting on Feb. 2, 1996(1—4)II. Common traits of school yard killings after Barry’s shooting(5—14)1. Mental state: displaying problems2. Instruments for killing: easy access to guns3. Culture’s influence: immersion in gun culture and obsession with violent pop culture4. Signs of violence: showing ample signs, which, however, are overlookedIII. Striking changes of school yard killings in type over the last six years(15—27)1. Most earlier killings: gang-related stabbings; fights over money or a girl friend2. Most killings after Barry’s shooting: use of guns; random choices of victims; mental troubles3. Examples: Barry Loukaitis; an Alaskan boy; Luke Woodham in Mississippi; Michael Carneal in Kentucky; a 13-year-old boy in ArkansasIV. Analysis of the Causes(28—41)1. Mood disorders happening earlier & shortage of mental health counselors2. Easy access to guns: unlocked; parents’ teaching; holiday gifts; taking courses3. Pop culture’s influence: violent video shows and video games; gangster rap。

美英报刊阅读教程Lesson16课⽂Lesson 16 The Price of BeautyThe government’s sudden decision to ask for a halt to breast-enlargement operations because they might be unsafe has terrified 2m women who have had them. Is America’s obsession with looking good unhealthy?11. “Get in shape” orders the cover of the latest issue of Los Angeles magazine. Alongside articles detailing where Madonna works out and recommending “apres-shop spas2” are familiar advertisements offering a quicker route to beauty through “facial sculpture”, liposuction and breast enhancement3. Cosmetic operations, once closely kept secrets, now appear as prizes in southern Californian charity raffles4. Meanwhile morticians complain that silicone implants, which do not burn, are clogging up their crematoriums.52. Los Angeles, a desert city which made up for its lack of natural endowments by stealing other people’s water and building its own port, is an appropriate capital for America’s $3 billion cosmetic-surgery industry. Nearly half the world’ s cosmetic surgeons live in America; a third of those work in California. Cosmetic surgery arguably began in San Francisco in 1964 when a topless dancer, Carol Doda, caused a national sensation by increasing her appeal with the help of 20 silicone injections.3. Until recently the most remarkable thing about cosmetic surgery in America, was how unremarkable it was. There were probably 2m cosmetic “procedures” in 1991-six times the total in 1981. It is no longer news that stars such as Michael Jackson, Liz Taylor and Cher have “gon e under the knife”; one talk-show hostess, Joan Rivers, talks about her body’s ebbs and flows as if they were as natural as the tides.64. Now those “effortless’ good looks seem a little more risky. Allegedly, the silicone implants can leak and interfere with the body’s immune system. There have been over 2,000 complaints, particularly about implants which predate 1985-although cosmetic surgeons blame zealous lawyers for manufacturing concerns.7 The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced an inquiry last year, but initially said it would not ask for the operations to stop before it reported. It changed its mind on January 6th, reportedly because of evidence coming out in court cases. In December, for example, a woman who suffered from a ruptured implant8 was awarded $7.34m from the biggest maker of implants, Dow Corning.5. The announcement has caused more panic among American women than any medical decision since a contraceptive device9, the Dalkon Shield, was removed from the market in 1974. Some 2m women have had implants, 80% of them for cosmetic reasons; the rest had “reconstructive” medical surgery following cancer treatment. The waiting list for implants by one Californian doctor used to be six months; it is now less than one month. Shares in implant makers have slumped.106. Such second thoughts are overdue.” For all its glittering advocates, cosmetic surgery is the only type of medicine where a perfectly healthy patient is cut up. (This, of course, omits reconstructive operations to repair burns or replace missing breasts.) Eight out of ten cosmetic operations are performed outside proper hospitals-some in operating rooms that look more like offices. Warnings of side-effects rarely appear in advertisements; nor do the records of the eager surgeons. Since it is “elective” surgery, not covered by insurance, few of the normal rules apply.7. Inside the industry rumours of malpractice are rife12. One senior plastic surgeon says that hehas a list of peers who he “wouldn’t let touch my dog’s haemorrhoids”.13 The American Medical Association seldom intervenes; neither, until recently, did the FDA. The cosmetic industry itself is split into several warring associations, who refuse to co-operate even on statistics, let alone standards and certification14.Bigger and bigger8. New rules may discipline the industry, but they are unlikely to stop it growing unless the American obsession with physical beauty sours. So far, surgeons say the recession has done more harm to their business than the bad publicity about breast implants; hence their confidence that trade will pick up. That still leaves two questions unanswered: why is cosmetic surgery so popular in America; and, even if it is safe, is it a good thing?9. A string of global industries-fashion, cosmetics, fitness-show that it is not just Americans who want to look good. A few countries, notably Brazil and Japan, have fast-growing cosmetic-surgery businesses. But America stands out as the only country where cosmetic surgery carries virtually no stigma. That is partly the result of good marketing. As many as 15,000 doctors now rely on cosmetic surgery for a fair chunk of their income-and they are allowed to advertise aggressively.10. However, on the whole, America’ s cosmetic-surgery business has been built on demand rather than supply. That demand comes from Americans of all ages, classes and races. One recent survey found that nearly one in three patients had an income below $25,000 a year-not much when most operations cost over $3,000.11. According to the American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, breast enlargement, which costs between $2,000 and $4,000, was only the tenth most popular cosmetic procedure in 1990. Topping the wish list was sclerotherapy (the removal of spider veins15 in the legs), followed by collagen injections to get rid of facial lines, then nose-jobs, lip-jobs and liposuction (fat removal). But among clients of the rival American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, breast enlargement, collagen injections and eyelid surgery were roughly equal as the three most popular operations.12. When pushed to defend their trade, cosmetic surgeons argue that “vanity surgery” is often just an extension of reconstructive surgery. For example, redesigning the nose of a young boy, perpetually :eased because of his prominent conk16, can turn a problem teenager into a well-adjusted man. Cosmetic survey follows two great American traditions: a refusal to surrender to an environment and a willingness to give people a second chance. What is the difference, some ask, between removing excess fat in an hour on the operating table and three months in the gym? “I don’t intend to grow old gracefully,17” says a woman in a television advertisement for an ambitious skin cream, “I intend to fight it every step of the way.”13. Many, however, admit that there is a darker side. Psychologists point out that many operations are not to get rid of deformity18, but to make perfectly good looks even better. The Los Angeles Times recently reported that the beginning of the swimsuit season prompts a rush of breast implants; school reunions are good for the face-lift business.Growing old gracelessly14. Such competitive narcissism19 stretches into employment too. Larry Schoenrock of the University of California at San Francisco points out that good-looking people are more likely to get jobs. Most are women aiming to please prospective male bosses; but many male patients citetheir careers as the chief reason for going under the scalpel20.15. For ethnic minorities, the most popular operations are ones that change their racial characteristics. Asians want wider eyes; blacks want thinner lips. Critics say this is surrendering their identities to the white stereotypes that appear on the media. Surgeons say the point is more subtle: minorities want to de-emphasise rather than eradicate their looks21. For example, one Californian surgeon says that many blacks specifically ask that, after their operations, they should not look like Michael Jackson, who now has a “white” nose and “white” skin.16. Some trend-spotters22 detect the beginnings of a reaction against the knife. Non-surgical methods to reduce wrinkles, such as electronic massage machines, are selling fast. Last year the number of face-lifts completed increased by less than 1%. Cosmetic surgery can only hold back age; it cannot defeat it.23 Mr. Jackson, who has been described as the PeterPan24 of the music industry, might reflect on Maurice Chevalier’s sanguine attitude25 to the appearance of a few wrinkles. “I prefer old age to the alternative,” he said.From The Economist, January llth, 1992。

英美报刊阅读教程端木义万英文版In today's digital age, reading newspapers and magazines from English-speaking countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom can be a great way to improve your language skills. Not only will you be exposed to authentic English language usage, but you will also gain valuable insights into the culture, politics, and current events of these countries.One of the first things to keep in mind when reading English-language newspapers and magazines is to choose publications that cater to your interests. Whether you are interested in politics, sports, fashion, or entertainment, there is a publication out there for you. By reading about topics that interest you, you will be more motivated to continue reading and will be more likely to retain the information you learn.Another important tip is to not get discouraged by unfamiliar vocabulary. Instead of looking up every word you don't know, try to infer the meaning from the context. This will not only improve your reading comprehension skills but also help you become a more fluent reader.Additionally, try to read a variety of publications from different regions in the United States and the United Kingdom. This will expose you to different dialects, slang, and cultural references, helping you become a more well-rounded English speaker.By following these tips and regularly reading English-language newspapers and magazines, you will not only improve your language skills but also gain a deeper understanding of English-speaking cultures.英美报刊阅读教程在今天的数字时代，阅读来自英语国家如美国和英国的报纸和杂志是提高语言能力的好方法。

第十六课LessonSixteenRememberingTracyBillLesson Sixteen Remembering Tracy Bill打印本页第一学时一、词汇：pizza 比萨饼transplant 移植→translation 转换→transport 交通cure 治愈curable 可治好的carve 雕刻best-loved= favoriteaisle 通道，走道course 课程→subjectinstant noodle 方便面ease 使…减轻at ease 惬意二、课文部分1 This year, my husband David and I celebrated the 22nd birthday of a man we had never met.本句翻译：今年我丈夫 David 和我一块庆祝了一个人的22岁的生日，这个人我们都从未见过。

celebrate 庆祝His name was Tracy Bill Marsh, a tall handsome young man who worked in a pizza shop.本句翻译：他的名字叫做 Tracy Bill ，是一个很高很帅的小伙子，在比萨饼店工作。

Last summer, he was supposed to have been best man at hisbrother's wedding.本句翻译：去年夏天他本该在他哥哥的婚礼上当伴郎。

But on the night of December 8,1992, Tracy got off work and stood in the pizza shop's parking lot talking to friends.本句翻译：但是在1992年12月8日的夜里，特蕾西下了班，站在比萨饼店的停车场和朋友们聊天。

get off work 下班Tracy jumped up on the hood of a friend's car, as they had done a hundred times before.本句翻译：特蕾西跳上了他朋友车的车盖，这种事他们以前干过上百次。

目录第1单元社会群体1．Who We Are Now?(当今美国种族成分)知识介绍：移民之国语言简说：报刊英语特色2．The Lost Generation(迷惘的一代)知识介绍：内战后的几代人语言简说：美国社会群体相关词语3．The Year of the(Business)Woman(妇女企业家的从政之年)知识介绍：美国妇女地位语言简说：《美国新闻与世界报道》简介4．Think Again：Global Aging(全球老龄化问题的重新思考)知识介绍：全球人口老龄化语言简说：委婉语第2单元家庭婚姻5．Dating and Mating for Over-35s(大龄青年恋爱与结婚)知识介绍：英美大龄末婚现象语言简说：标题修辞6．Working at Home: Family-friendly?(在家办公是否有益家庭生活？)知识介绍：家庭与工作关系语言简说：标题常用符号7．The Future of Abortion(堕胎问题的发展前景)知识介绍：美国妇女堕胎问题语言简说：《新闻周刊》介绍8．The War over “Family Values”(家庭价值观的论战)知识介绍：美国单亲家庭语言简说：报刊用喻第3单元文教娱乐9．Me Me Media(个性化的媒体)知识介绍：Web 2．0：一场新的网络变革语言简说：《读者文摘》简介10．Reining in the Test of Tests(严控高考题型)知识介绍：高校招生语言简说：新闻标题的结构11．Plot Claange：Foreign Forces Tr aforin HollywoodFilms(改变好莱坞电影的外国因素)知识介绍：美国电影全球化策略语言简说：词语+er构词12．Get Moving!(动起来!)知识介绍：健康与锻炼语言简说：《时代》周刊介绍第4单元衣食住行13．The Decline of Neatness(行为标准的蜕化)知识介绍：美国人的穿着语言简说：闲适性评论语言特色14．The Deadly Noodle(~命的饮食)知识介绍：饮食与肥胖语言简说：词语文化内涵15．Thrown Together in a Crisis，Strange Share Ca and LifeStories(危难时拼车相聚，陌生人亲切交谈)知识介绍：纽约公交罢工语言简说：《纽约时报》简介16．“Exurbs”Floudsh，but Is This Really What WeWant?(城市远郊扩张，是否符合愿望?) 【2版1单元L4】知识介绍：城市无序扩张语言简说：拼缀词第5单元观念风尚17．How Anglo Is America(美国特性中有多少英国文化成分)知识介绍：英国文化对美国文化影响深远语言简说：派生构词18．Economic Downturn Has More Folks Stashing TheirCash(经济衰退促使更多人存款)知识介绍：美国人消费观的变化语言简说《今日美国报》简介19．Do the Elderly Want to Work?(老年人想干工作吗？)知识介绍：美国退休问题语言简说：报刊常用俚语20．Regular Folks Get the Star Treatment(普通人享受日月星待遇)知识介绍：美国人爱美容语言简说：特写常用导语第6单元政治体制21．Who's Sorry Now?(是谁在难受?)知识介绍：游说活动语言简说：词性转化22．What Deep Throat did(“深喉”到底做了什么？)知识介绍：水门事件语言简说：新闻报道引语23．The Neocon Revolution(新保守主义革命)知识介绍：新保守主义语言简说：报刊翻译常见错误24．Ever Higher Society，Ever Harde r to Ascend(社会阶梯越来越高，地位攀升越来越难)知识介绍：美国阶级状况语言简说：词义变化第7单元企业经济25．E-Biz Strikes Again!(电子商务再次袭击)知识介绍：电子商务语言简说：网络新词常用词缀26．Why the Dollar's Reign Is Near an End(美元统治地位缘何即将结束)知识介绍：美元地位语言简说：习语活用27．The Grapes of wrath，Again(“愤怒的葡萄”情景再现)知识介绍：美国非法移民语言简说：报刊常用典故28．The Changing Face of American Jobs(美国就业市场的变化)知识介绍：美国劳力市场结构变化语言简说：复合词第8单元科技军事29．GPS NaVigation Moves to Your Pa lm(全球定位系统装置进入手中)知识介绍：GPS的前世今生语言简说：名词定语30．Medicine's Wild Kingdom(生物医学的王国)知识介绍：生物制药语言简说：前置定语31．Power Revolution(能源革命)知识介绍：再生能源语言简说：缩略词32．Cadets Trade the Trenches for F irewalls(军校学员的网络战演习)知识介绍：网络战语言简说：标题短词第9单元社会问题33．The Other America(美国的另外一面)知识介绍：卡特里娜飓风语言简说：嵌入结构34．In Congress，the Uphill Battle for Gun Control(国会限枪之战难以取胜)知识介绍：枪支问题语言简说：外刊与文化35．Should Drugs Be Legalized?(毒品应该合法化吗？)知识介绍：美国吸毒问题语言简说：称号、职务前置36．Homeless U．S．A(美国的无家可归问题)知识介绍：美国住房情况语言简说：解释性报道第10单元世界风云37．Three Lessons from London(伦敦爆炸案的教训)知识介绍：恐怖主义语言简说：借代38．After the Flames(骚乱平息后的反思)知识介绍：移民问题语言简说：“说”意动词39．The Weakest Link(世界最弱的环节)知识介绍：伊拉克战争语言简说：外报外刊中意识形态的表现40．Fight for the T0p of the World(北极之争)知识介绍：北极之争语言简说：版面与图片。