ch3_2_circuits

反偏电压将使耗尽区变宽，从而降低了有效沟道深度。因此，需 要施加更大的栅极电压以弥补沟道深度的降低，VSB偏压会影响 MOSFET的有效阈值电压VTH。随着VSB反偏电压的增加导致VTH的增 加，这种效应称为“体效应”。这种效应也称为“衬底偏置效应” 或“背栅效应”。
VTHN VTHN0
2qsi Na Cox
VGS 1 0 1.0 VDS 2 0 5
.op .dc vds 0 5 .2 Vgs 1 3 0.5 .plot dc -I(vds) .probe
*model .MODEL MNMOS NMOS VTO=0.7 KP=110U +LAMBDA=0.04 GAMMA=0.4 PHI=0.7
.end
Systems
Ch13 开关电容电路
Ch14 DAC/ADC
complex Ch10 运算放大器 Ch7 频率响应
Ch11 稳定性和频 率补偿
Ch8 噪声
Ch12 比较器 Ch9 反馈
Ch3 电流源电流镜 simple Ch4 基准源 Circuits
Devices
Ch5 单级放大器 ch2 MOS器件
*Output Characteristics for NMOS M1 2 1 0 0 MNMOS w=5u l=1.0u
VGS 1 0 1.0 VDS 2 0 5
设计
属性/规范
系统/电路1
系统/电路2 系统/电路3
……
一般产品描述、想法 系统规范要求的定义
系统设计 电路模块规范定义
电路实现 电路仿真
否
是否满足系统规范
是 物理（版图）设计
物理（版图）验证
寄生参数提取及后仿真
否
是否满足系统规范

P r e s s u r e s w i t c h e s5ApplicationsAir compressors, water pumps, booster pumps, firefighting equipment, or oil supply equipment .TIVAL pressure switches of the FF 4 series are suitable for a wide range of applications.For example they can be utilized for:n Monitoring and controlling the pressure of liquid or gaseous media in pipelines, tanks, vats, pressure vessels and apparatus.n Applications in process control, cooling, pneumatics and hydraulics.n Pressure monitoring of cooling circuits and lubrication systems on various types of machinery.nAutomatic switching of pump and compressor motors for supplying water to dwellings, booster pumps, firefighting equipment and on compressed air systems.DescriptionThe pressure of the monitored medium operates against a flat diaphragm,b ellows or plunger (depending on pressure range). A system of levers and springs work on a snapaction cascade switch of high vibration resistance, ensuring flutterfree switching. With no pressure on the diaphragm contact 1-2 is closed. This can be used as an …ON“ signal for a pump or compressor motor.If pressure exceeds the upper switchingpoint, contact 1-2 opens and contact 1-4 closes. The connected motor will be switched off. Contact 1-4 is often used to indicate the …off“ condition.Contact 1-2 will close again, when the pressure on the diaphragm hasd ropped below the set lower switchpoint. Upper and lower switch points can be adjusted independently of each other using a screwdriver. The two switch points are indicated on the scale inside the unit.Change-over contact with manual reset min.:If the pressure drops below the set value, contact 1-4 opens and contact 1-2 closes and locks. When the pressure has risen above the set value, thec ontact can be unlocked with the manual reset button.Change-over contact with manual reset max.:If the pressure rises above the set value, contact 1-2 opens and contact 1-4 closes and locks. When the pressure has dropped below the set value, the contact can be unlocked with the manual reset button.Pressure connection, pressure sensing element, switch mechanism ande lectrical terminals are fitted on a die-cast aluminum-alloy base. The scale and switch are protected against environmental effects by an impact-resistant, transparent polycarbonate cover, (CTI 200-225) and can be lead-sealed.Included in standard units: Rubber grommet with orifice for cable e ntry, pressure connector …Y“, made out of plastic for demineralised watera pplications.Options upon request:n G old flashed contacts n C able gland M 20for protection IP 65n V iton diaphragm for aggressive media n M anual resetn G L - approved versionn U L / CSA - approved version n A TEX - approved version n V dS - approved versionFF 4-2, FF 4-4, FF 4-8, FF 4-16, FF 4-32103 mm5,5 mm40 mm 14 mm50 mm 84,5 mm77,5 mm151 mm75,5 mm 40,5 mmaFF 4-12, FF 4-30, FF 4-60,FF 4-120, FF 4-250103 mm5,5 mm40 mm 14 mm 50 mm 84,5 mm77,5 mm151 mm75,5 mm 40,5 mm57 mmControl pressure switch FF 4-... DAY Upper Lower Smallestswitch pt. switch pt. diff.*adjustable (bar) adjustable (bar) (bar) pressure (bar)0,11 ... 2 0,04 ... 1,89 0,07 0,110,22 ... 4 0,07 ... 3,75 0,15 0,250,5 ... 8 0,2 ... 7,5 0,3 0,5FF 4-10 DAY0,7 ... 10 0,3 ... 9,2 0,4 0,8FF 4-16 DAY 1 ... 16 0,4 ... 15 0,6 1Control pressure switch FF 4-... AAG / PAHUpper Lower Smallestswitch pt.switch pt.diff.*adjustable (bar)adjustable (bar)(bar)1 ... 120,5 ... 11,20,50,84 ... 30 1 ... 26,41,83,6High pressure switch with plastic plunger.Throttle is fitted as standard on these units. This must be removed for use with viscous media.Pressure connector: H (G 3/8“ Female thread, DIN 1725/2), stainless steel. VDE 0660, IEC 337-1, IEC 553-1Control pressure switch FF 4-... with manual reset Upper Lower Smallestswitch pt. switch pt. diff.adjustable (bar) adjustable (bar) (bar)0,11 ... 2 0,20,04 ... 1,89 0,10,22 ... 4 0,50,07 ... 3,75 0,20,5 ... 8 1,00,2 ... 7,5 0,41 ... 16 2,0Control pressure switch FF 444-... with UL / CSA-approval Upper Lower Smallestswitch pt. switch pt. diff.*adjustable (psi) adjustable (psi) (psi)3 ... 58 1 ... 54 2 415 ... 232 6 ... 217 9 14116 ... 870 58 ... 754 58 116P r e s s u r e s w i t c h e s10Media compatibility guideAccessoriesP r e s s u r e s w i t c h e s11Circuit diagramsChange-over contactwith manual reset min.Change-over contactwith manual reset max.Change-over contact DimensionsThrottle for FF 4-2 up to 32weight : ~ 3 g Order No.: 1011002Throttle screw for FF 4-12/30/60/120/250weight: ~ 3 g (stainless steel)Order No.: 10110035,5 mm6 mm4 mm G 3/8”G 1/2”Gauge fittingSteel, G 3/8” - G 1/2”, Type: H 124-114weight: ~ 18 g Order No.: 1071004P r e s s u r e s w i t c h e s12Pressure diagramsCharts show the smallest adjustable differential.Example per figure FF 4-4: If upper setting is at 3.25 bar, lower setting can be adjusted between 0.07and 3.0 bar (see arrows in the drawing).P r e s s u r e s w i t c h e s13Pressure diagrams。

2015-02-03 5011669907-T407………………………………………………….……………… ENGLISH …………………………………………………………………Thank you for choosing Delta DVP series PLC. DVP04TC-S is able to receive 4 points of external thermocouple temperature sensors and convert them into 14-point digital signals. Besides, through FROM/TO instructions in DVP Slim series MPU program, the data in the module can be read and written. There are many 16-bit control registers (CR) in DVP04TC-S. The power unit is separate from it and is small in size and easy to install. EN DVP04TC-S is an OPEN-TYPE device. It should be installed in a control cabinetfree of airborne dust, humidity, electric shock and vibration. To preventnon-maintenance staff from operating DVP04TC-S, or to prevent an accident from damaging DVP04TC-S, the control cabinet in which DVP04TC-S is installed should be equipped with a safeguard. For example, the control cabinet in which DVP04TC-S is installed can be unlocked with a special tool or key.EN DO NOT connect AC power to any of I/O terminals, otherwise serious damagemay occur. Please check all wiring again before DVP04TC-S is powered up. After DVP04TC-S is disconnected, Do NOT touch any terminals in a minute. Make sure that the ground terminal on DVP04TC-S is correctly grounded in order to prevent electromagnetic interference.FR DVP04TC-S est un module OUVERT. Il doit être installé que dans une enceinteprotectrice (boitier, armoire, etc.) saine, dépourvue de poussière, d’humidité, de vibrations et hors d’atteinte des chocs électriques. La protection doit éviter que les personnes non habilitées à la maintenance puissent accéder à l’appareil (par exemple, une clé ou un outil doivent être nécessaire pour ouvrir a protection). FR Ne pas appliquer la tension secteur sur les bornes d’entrées/Sorties, ou l’appareilDVP04TC-S pourra être endommagé. Merci de vérifier encore une fois lecâblage avant la mise sous tension du DVP04TC-S. Lors de la déconnection de l’appareil, ne pas toucher les connecteurs dans la minute suivante. Vérifier que la terre est bien reliée au connecteur de terre afin d’éviter toute interférence électromagnétique.Product Profile & Dimension111213Unit: mm1. Status indicator (POWER, RUN and ERROR)2. Model name3. DIN rail clip4. I/O terminals5. I/O point indicator6. Mounting holes7. Specification label8. I/O module connection port9. I/O module clip 10. DIN rail (35mm) 11. RS-485 communication port 12. I/O module clip13. DC power input14. I/O module connection portI/O Terminal LayoutExternal WiringCl Sy Note1: Use only the wires that are supplied with your thermocouple sensor. Tighten PLCterminal screws to a torque of 1.95 kg-cm (1.7 in-lbs). Note2: Terminal SLD is a grounding location for noise suppression. Note3: Please connect power supply module terminal andDVP04TC-S temperaturemeasurement module terminal to system earth ground.Warning: DO NOT connect wires to the No Connection terminals.Electrical SpecificationsPower supply voltage 24VDC (20.4VDC ~ 28.8VDC) (-15% ~ +20%) Max. rated powerconsumption 2W, supplied by external power.Operation/storage Operation: 0°C~55°C (temperature), 5~95% (humidity), pollution degree 2Storage: -25°C~70°C (temperature), 5~95% (humidity)Vibration/shock resistanceInternational standards: IEC61131-2, IEC 68-2-6 (TEST Fc)/ IEC61131-2 & IEC 68-2-27 (TEST Ea)Series connection to DVP-PLC MPUThe modules are numbered from 0 to 7 automatically by their distance from MPU. No.0 is the closest to MPU and No.7 is the furthest. Maximum 8 modules are allowed to connect to MPU and will not occupy any digital I/O points.Functional SpecificationsDVP04TC-S Celsius (°C)Fahrenheit (°F)Analog input channel 4 channels per moduleSensors type J-type, K-type, R-type, S-type, and T-type thermocoupleTemperature input rangeJ-type: -100°C ~ 700°C K-type: -100°C ~ 1,000°C R & S type: -10°C ~ 1,700°C T-type: -100°C ~ 350°CJ-type: -148°F ~ 1,292°F K-type: -148°F ~ 1,832°F R & S type: -14°F ~ 3,092°FT-type: -148°F ~ 662°F Digital conversion range J-type: K-1,000 ~ K7,000 K-type: K-1,000 ~ K10,000 R & S type: K-100 ~ K17,000 T-type: K-1,000 ~ K3,500 J-type: K-3,280 ~ K12,920K-type: K-1,480 ~ K18,320 R & S type: K-140 ~ K30,920 T-type: K-1,480 ~ K6,620 Resolution 16 bits (0.1°C)16 bits (0.1°F)Overall accuracy ±0.5% of full scale of 25°C (77°F),±1% of full scale during 0 ~ 55°C (32 ~ 131°F). Response time200ms × channelsDVP04TC-S Celsius (°C) Fahrenheit (°F)Isolation methodIsolation between digital and analog circuits. There is isolation between channels.500VDC between digital circuits and Ground 500VDC between analog circuits and Ground500VDC between analog circuits and digital circuits 500VDC between 24VDC and Ground Digital data format 2’s complement of 16-bit Average function Yes (CR#2 ~ CR#5)Self diagnostic function YesCommunication mode (RS-485)Yes (CR#32). RS-485 is disabled when the DVP04TC-S is connected in series with an MPU.Control RegisterCR# AddressSaveRegister content Description#0 H’4096 O RModel nameSet up by the system:DVP04TC-S model code=H’8B#1 H’4097 O R/W Thermocouple type b15~b12b11~b9b8~b6 b5~b3 b2~b0ReservedCH4CH3 CH2 CH1Example: Setting of CH11. (b2, b1, b0) set to (0, 0, 0), use J-type.2. (b2, b1, b0) set to (0, 0, 1), use K-type.3. (b2, b1, b0) set to (0, 1, 0), use R-type.4. (b2, b1, b0) set to (0, 1, 1), use S-type.5. (b2, b1, b0) set to (1, 0, 0), use T-type.CR#1: Used to set the working mode of four channels. There are 5 modes (J-type, K-type, R-type, S-type, and T-type) for each channel and can be set individually. For example, If you want to set CH1~CH4 as following: CH1: mode 0 (b2 ~ b0=000), CH2: mode 1 (b5 ~ b3=001), CH3: mode 0 (b8 ~ b6=000) and CH4: mode 1 (b11 ~ b9=001), you should set CR#1 to H’0208. The higher bits (b12 ~ b15) will be reserved and the default setting is H’0000. #2 H’4098 O R/W CH1 average number Number piece of readings used for the calculation of “average” temperature on channels CH1 ~ CH4. Setting range: For versions prior to V3.04: K1 ~ K4,095. For versions after V3.05: K1 ~ K20. Default setting is K10.#3 H’4099O R/W CH2 average number#4 H’409A O R/W CH3 average number #5H’409B O R/W CH4 average numberCR#2 ~ CR#5: Please be noticed that when PLC sets average times via TO/DTO instructions, please use rising-edge/falling-edge detection instruction (such as LDP and LDF) to get correct average times. #6 H’409C X R CH1 average degrees Average degrees for channels CH1 ~ CH4. (Unit: 0.1°C).#7 H’409D X R CH2 average degrees #8 H’409E X R CH3 average degrees #9H’409FX R CH4 average degrees #10 H’40A0 X R CH1 average degrees Average degrees for channels CH1 ~ CH4. (Unit: 0.1°F).#11 H’40A1 X R CH2 average degrees #12 H’40A2 X R CH3 average degrees #13 H’40A3 XRCH4 average degrees #14 H’40A4 X R Present temp. of CH1 Present temperature of channels CH1 ~ CH4. (Unit: 0.1°C).#15 H’40A5 X R Present temp. of CH2 #16 H’40A6 X R Present temp. of CH3 #17 H’40A7 X R Present temp. of CH4 #19 H’40A9 XR Present temp. of CH1 Present temperature of channels CH1 ~ CH2. (Unit: 0.1°F).#20 H’40AAX RPresent temp. of CH2CR# Address Save Register content Description#21 H’40ABX RPresent temp. of CH3 Present temperature of channels CH3 ~ CH4. (Unit: 0.1°F).#22 H’40AC X RPresent temp. of CH4 #24 H’40AE OR CH1 OFFSET Value Adjust offset value of channels CH1 ~ CH4. The range is -1,000 ~ +1,000 and default setting is K0. (Unit: 0.1°C).#25 H’40AF O R CH2 OFFSET Value #26 H’40B0 OR CH3 OFFSET Value #27 H’40B1 ORCH4 OFFSET Value#29 H’40B3X R/W PID mode settingSet H'5678 to enable PID mode, other set values are invalid. Default: H’0000. #30 H’40B4 X R Error status Data register stores the error status. Refer to the error code chart for details. #31 H’40B5 O R/WCommunication address settingRS-485 communication address. Setting range is 1 ~ 254 and default setting is K1.#32 H’40B6 O R/WCommunication baud rate settingCommunication baud rate. For ASCII mode, date format is 7 bits, even, 1 stop bit (7, E, 1), while RTU mode, date format is 8 bits, even, 1 stop bit (8, E, 1). b0: 4,800 bps (bit/sec).b1: 9,600 bps (bit/sec). (default setting) b2: 19,200 bps (bit/sec). b3: 38,400 bps (bit/sec). b4: 57600 bps (bit/sec). b5: 115,200 bps (bit/sec). b6 ~ b13: Reserved.b14: switch between low bit and high bitof CRC code (RTU mode only). b15: RTU mode.#33 H’40B7 O R/WReset to default settingb15~b12b11~ b9b8~b6 b5~b3 b2~b0ERR LEDCH4CH3CH2CH1Example: Setting of CH11. b0 ~ b1: Reserved.2. b2: Set to 1 and PLC will be reset to default settings.Definition of ERR LED: b12~b15=1111 (default settings)1. b12 corresponds to CH1: when b12=1, scale exceeds the range, ERR LED flashes.2. b13 corresponds to CH2: when b13=1, scale exceeds the range, ERR LED flashes.3. b14 corresponds to CH3: when b14=1, scale exceeds the range, ERR LED flashes.4. b15 corresponds to CH4: when b15=1, scale exceeds the range, ERR LED flashes.#34 H’40B8 O RSoftware version Display the software version inhexadecimal. Example: H’010A = version 1.0A#35 ~ #48System usedSymbols:O: means latched. X: means not latched. (Support when using RS-485 communication, not support when connecting with MPU)R: able to read data by using FROM instruction or RS-485. W: able to write data by using TO instruction or RS-485.1. Function code: 03’H - read data from register. 06’H - write one word to register. 10’H - writemultiple words to registers. 2. CR#30 is the error code register. Refer to the chart below:Error description Content b15 ~ b8b7b6b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0Power source abnormal K1 (H’1)Reserved 000 0 0 0 0 1Wiring to empty external contact K2 (H’2) 000 0 0 0 1 0 Setting mode error K4 (H’4) 000 0 0 1 0 0 Offset/Gain error K8 (H’8) 000 0 1 0 0 0 Hardware malfunction K16 (H’10) 000 1 0 0 0 0 Digital range error K32 (H’20) 00 1 0 0 0 0 0 Average times setting error K64 (H’40) 010 0 0 0 0 0 Instruction error K128 (H’80)100 0 0 0 0 0 Note: Each error code will have corresponding bit (b0 ~ b7). Two or more errors may happen at the same time. 0 means normal and 1 means having error.3. When CR#29 is set to H’5678, CR#0 ~ CR#34 can be used for PID settings in DVP04TC-SV3.08 and versions above.PID Mode Content DescriptionCR#0 Model name CR#6 CH1 average degrees (°C)CR#1 Thermocouple type CR#7 CH2 average degrees (°C)CR#2 PID Output % at CH1 CR#8 CH3 average degrees (°C)CR#3 PID Output % at CH2 CR#9 CH4 average degrees (°C)CR#4 PID Output % at CH3 CR#6~CR#9: Unit: 0.1°CCR#5 PID Output % at CH4CR#2~CR#5: 0~1000; Unit: 0.1%PID Mode Content DescriptionCR#10 Set temperature at CH1CR#28Run/Stop & Auto tuningCR#11 Set temperature at CH2 Bit0: CH1 PID runs/stops CR#12 Set temperature at CH3 Bit1: CH2 PID runs/stops CR#13 Set temperature at CH4 Bit2: CH3 PID runs/stops CR#10~CR#13: Set the PID targetvalue (SV)Bit3: CH4 PID runs/stops CR#14 CH1 K P0=PID stops; 1=PID runs CR#15 CH2 K P Bit4：CH1 Auto tuning CR#16 CH3 K P Bit5：CH2 Auto tuning CR#17 CH4 K P Bit6：CH3 Auto tuning CR#19 CH1 K I Bit7：CH4 Auto tuningCR#20 CH2 K I 1: The auto tuning function is enabled. After the auto tuning is complete, the value becomes 0.CR#21 CH3 K I CR#29Enter PID mode(H’5678) K0: Exit the PID modeCR#22 CH4 K I CR#30ErrorCode CR#24 CH1 K D CR#31CH1 Sampling timeCR#25 CH2 K D CR#32CH2 Sampling timeCR#26 CH3 K D CR#33CH3 Sampling timeCR#27 CH4 K D CR#34CH4 Sampling timeCR#31~CR#34: 1~30; Unit: 1sNote: Users have to enter the PID mode (CR#29=H’5678) before setting other control registers.……………………………………………………………… 繁體中文 …………………………………………………………………………感謝您採用台達DVP系列產品。

Table of ContentsPrefaceAbout this User's Guide (4)What you will learn from this user's guide (4)Conventions in this user's guide (4)Where to find more information (4)Safety guidelines (4)Chapter 1Introducing the OM-USB-2404-60 (5)Functional block diagram (5)Chapter 2Installing the OM-USB-2404-60 (6)What comes with your shipment? (6)Hardware (6)Software (6)Documentation (6)Optional accessories (6)Unpacking (6)Installing the software (6)Installing the hardware (6)Calibrating the hardware (7)Chapter 3Functional Details (8)Components (8)Screw terminals (CH0 to CH3) (8)USB connector (9)LED (9)Strain relief slot (9)High-voltage applications (9)Signal source connections (9)Analog input circuitry (10)Filtering (10)Passband bandwidth (10)Stopband bandwidth (11)Alias-free bandwidth (11)Sample rates (11)Chapter 4Specifications (12)Analog input (12)Accuracy (13)Power (13)Bus interface (13)Environmental (13)Mechanical (13)Safety voltages (14)Screw terminal connectors (14)Accessory products (14)About this User's GuideWhat you will learn from this user's guideThis user's guide describes the Omega Engineering OM-USB-2404-60 data acquisition device and lists device specifications.Conventions in this user's guideCaution!Shaded caution statements present information to help you avoid injuring yourself and others, damaging your hardware, or losing your data.bold text Bold text is used for the names of objects on a screen, such as buttons, text boxes, and check boxes.italic text Italic text is used for the names of manuals and help topic titles, and to emphasize a word or phrase.Where to find more informationAdditional information about OM-USB-2404-60 hardware is available on our website at . You can also contact Omega Engineering by phone, fax, or email with specific questions.▪Phone: (203) 359-1660▪Fax: (203) 359-7700▪Email: *************Safety guidelinesYou can connect hazardous voltages to the OM-USB-2404-60 device's screw terminals. A hazardous voltage isa voltage greater than 42.4 V pk or 60 VDC to earth ground. Take the following precautions if you connecthazardous voltages to the OM-USB-2404-60:Caution!Ensure that hazardous voltage wiring is performed only by qualified personnel adhering to local electrical standards.Do not mix hazardous voltage circuits and human-accessible circuits on the same device.Make sure that devices and circuits connected to the OM-USB-2404-60 are properly insulatedfrom human contact.When device terminals are hazardous voltage LIVE (>42.4V pk/60 VDC), ensure that devices andcircuits connected to the OM-USB-2404-60 are properly insulated from human contact. Use theOM-ACC-160 connector backshell kit to ensure that the terminals are not accessible.Introducing the OM-USB-2404-60The OM-USB-2404-60 is a USB 2.0 high-speed device that is supported under popular Microsoft® Windows®operating systems. The OM-USB-2404-60 is fully compatible with both USB 1.1 and USB 2.0 ports.The OM-USB-2404-60 provides four channels of 24-bit simultaneous analog inputs.The maximum sampling rate is 50 kS/s per channel, and the input voltage range is ±60 V, nominal.An anti-alias filter removes noise that may be present in the signals prior to conversion. A 250 Vrms channel-to-channel and channel-to-ground isolation protects the device and computer from ground spikes, and ensures a reliable data stream. An on-board LED indicates the status of the device.Field connections are made to four 2-position detachable screw terminals. Ten additional two-positionconnectors are available with the optional OM-ACC-102 connector kit.The USB 2.0 high-speed driver transfers data at rates up to 480 Mbps. The OM-USB-2404-60 is powered by the +5 volt USB supply from your computer. No external power is required.Functional block diagramOM-USB-2404-60 functions are illustrated in the block diagram shown here.Figure 1. OM-USB-2404-60 functional block diagramInstalling the OM-USB-2404-60What comes with your shipment?As you unpack your OM-USB-2404-60, verify that the following components are included.Hardware▪OM-USB-2404-60▪USB cableSoftware▪Software for OMB-DAQ-2400, OM-USB, OM-WEB, and OM-WLS Series Data Acquisition Modules CD DocumentationIn addition to this hardware user's guide, you should also receive the OMB-DAQ-2400, OM-USB, OM-WEB, and OM-WLS Series Data Acquisition Software User's Guide. This booklet provides an overview of thesoftware you received with the device, and includes information about installing the software.Optional accessories▪OM-ACC-102 — Two-position screw terminal connector blocks (quantity ten).▪OM-ACC-160 — Backshell for use with the OM-ACC-102 two-position screw terminal connector blocks.Provides strain relief and operator protection from high-voltage signals (quantity six).UnpackingAs with any electronic device, take care while handling to avoid damage from static electricity. Beforeremoving the device from its packaging, ground yourself using a wrist strap or by simply touching the computer chassis or other grounded object to eliminate any stored static charge.If any components are missing or damaged, notify Omega Engineering immediately by phone, fax, or e-mail.▪Phone: (203) 359-1660▪Fax: (203) 359-7700▪Email: *************Installing the softwareRefer to the Software User's Guide for instructions on installing the software. This booklet ships with the hardware, and is available in PDF at /manuals/manualpdf/M4803.pdf.Installing the hardwareTo connect the OM-USB-2404-60 to your system, connect the USB cable to an available USB port on the computer or to an external USB hub connected to the computer. Connect the other end of the USB cable to the USB connector on the device. No external power is required.When connected for the first time, a Found New Hardware dialog opens when the operating system detects the device. When the dialog closes, the installation is complete. The LED on the OM-USB-2404-60 blinks steadily to indicate that the device is initialized and receiving power.OM-USB-2404-60 User's Guide Installing the OM-USB-2404-60 Allow the OM-USB-2404-60 to operate for at least 30 minutes before using the device. This warm up time is required to achieve the specified rated accuracy of measurements.Calibrating the hardwareThe OM-USB-2404-60 is shipped fully calibrated. Calibration coefficients are stored in EEPROM. Return the device to Omega Engineering when calibration is required. The recommended calibration interval is once per year.Chapter 3 Functional DetailsComponentsThe OM-USB-2404-60 has the following external components:▪Screw terminal connectors▪USB port▪LED▪Strain relief slotFigure 2. Front panelFigure 3. Rear panelScrew terminals (CH0 to CH3)The OM-USB-2404-60 has four 2-terminal detachable screw terminals for connection to four isolated analog inputs. The maximum sampling rate is 50 kS/s per channel, and the input voltage range is ±60 V, nominal. The channels may be sampled individually or simultaneously. Signal assignments are listed in the following table.Screw terminal pin assignmentsUse 16 AWG to 28 AWG wires to connect signals to the device.USB connectorThe USB connector provides +5 V power and communication. The voltage supplied through the USB connector is system-dependent, and may be less than 5 V. No external power supply is required.LEDThe LED indicates the device status. When connected to a USB port, the LED blinks steadily to indicate that the device is initialized and receiving power. Refer to the following table for the possible LED states.LED statesStrain relief slotUse the strain relief slot to keep the USB cable from disconnecting from the device inadvertently. Feed a tie wrap through the slot and secure to the USB cable when it is connected to the device.High-voltage applicationsFor high voltage applications, we recommend using the OM-ACC-160 backshell to ensure that the terminals are not accessible. The backshell also provides strain relief to protect the screw terminals.Figure 4. Connector backshell (OM-ACC-160 accessory)Signal source connectionsYou can connect ground-referenced or floating signal sources to the OM-USB-2404-60.▪Connect the positive signal of the signal source to the CH+ screw terminal.▪Connect the negative signal of the signal source to the CH – screw terminal.The following figures show the connections between the OM-USB-2404-60 and both a grounded signal source and a floating signal source.Figure 5. Connecting a grounded signal sourceWhen making a ground-referenced connection between the signal source and the OM-USB-2404-60, make sure the voltage on the CH+ and CH– connections are within the channel-to-earth safety voltage range. Refer to the Specifications chapter for information about operating voltages and overvoltage protection.Figure 6. Connecting a floating signal sourceAnalog input circuitryThe OM-USB-2404-60 analog input channels are floating with respect to earth ground and to each other. The incoming analog signal on each channel is conditioned, buffered, and then sampled by a 24-bit Delta-Sigma ADC. Each channel provides an independent signal path and ADC, enabling you to sample all four channels simultaneously. Figure 7 shows the circuitry for one analog input channel.Figure 7. Analog input circuitry for one channelFilteringThe OM-USB-2404-60 uses a combination of analog and digital filtering to provide an accurate representation of in-band signals while rejecting out-of-band signals. The filters discriminate between signals based on the frequency range, or bandwidth, of the signal. The passband, stopband, and alias-free bandwidths are important.The OM-USB-2404-60 represents signals within the passband frequency, as quantified primarily by passband ripple and phase nonlinearity. All signals within the alias-free bandwidth are either unaliased signals or signals that have been filtered by at least the amount of the stopband rejection.Passband bandwidthThe signals within the passband bandwidth have frequency-dependent gain or attenuation. The small amount of variation in gain with respect to frequency is called the passband flatness. The device's digital filters adjust the frequency range of the passband to match the data rate. Therefore, the amount of gain or attenuation at a given frequency depends on the sample rate. Figure 8 shows typical passband flatness for the 50 kS/s sample rate.OM-USB-2404-60 User's Guide Functional DetailsFigure 8. Passband response (typical)Stopband bandwidthThe filter significantly attenuates all signals above the stopband frequency (0.547 · , where is the sample rate). The filter is used primarily to prevent aliasing. Therefore, the stopband frequency scales precisely with the sample rate.The stopband rejection (100 dB) is the minimum amount of attenuation applied by the filter to all signals with frequencies within the stopband bandwidth.Alias-free bandwidthAny signal that appears in the alias-free bandwidth of the OM-USB-2404-60 is not an aliased artifact of signals at a higher frequency. The alias-free bandwidth (0.453 · is defined by the ability of the filter to rejectfrequencies above the stopband frequency. The alias-free bandwidth equals the sample rate minus the stopband frequency.Sample ratesA master timebase frequency () controls the OM-USB-2404-60 sample rate (). The internal mastertimebase frequency is 12.8 MHz.The equation below provides the available sample rates of the OM-USB-2404-60:, where n is any integer from 1 to 31The sample rate must keep the device within the sample rate range. Refer to the Specifications chapter for more information about the sample rate range.Using the internal master timebase of 12.8 MHz results in sample rates of 50 kS/s, 25 kS/s, 16.67 kS/s and so on down to 1.613 kS/s, depending on the value of n.Chapter 4 SpecificationsAll specifications are subject to change without notice.Typical for the range 0 to 60 °C unless otherwise noted.All voltages are relative to the CH– signal on each channel unless otherwise noted.Analog inputTable 1. Analog input specificationsNote 1: Full performance requires connections to a USB 2.0 Hi-Speed host controller and USB 2.0 high-speed hubs.) The maximum sample rate may be lower on USB 1.1 ports.AccuracyTable 2. Analog input accuracyNote 2: The range is equal to 62.64 V.PowerTable 3. Power specificationsBus interfaceTable 4. Bus specificationsEnvironmentalTable 5. Environmental specificationsMechanicalTable 6. Mechanical specificationsSafety voltagesTable 7. Safety specifications (Note 3)Note 3: Connect only voltages that are within the limits specified in this table.Note 4: Measurement Category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly connected to the electrical distribution system. This category refers to local-level electrical distribution, such asthat provided by a standard wall outlet, for example 115 V for US or 230 V for Europe.Caution!Do not connect the device to signals or use for measurements within Measurement Categories III or IV.Screw terminal connectorsTable 8. Screw terminal connector specificationsTable 9. Screw terminal assignmentsAccessory productsTable 10. Screw terminal connector specifications。