吉林地区普通高中2023—2024学年度高三年级第二次模拟考试数学试题说明:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
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一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是符合题目要求.1.设集合}06|{2≤--=x x x A ,集合}40|{<<=x x B ,则=B A A .}20|{≤<x x B .}30|{≤<x xC .}42|{<≤-x x D .}43|{<≤-x x 2.在25个互不相等的数据中,记上四分位数为a ,中位数为b ,第75百分位数为c ,则A .c b a <<B .b c a <=C .ab c <<D .ca b =<3.已知等差数列}{n a 满足4852=++a a a ,前n 项和为n S ,则=9S A .8B .12C .16D .244.已知函数xax x f +=)()(R a ∈,则)(x f 的图象不可能是A .B .C .D .5.过点)0,0(与圆042422=+--+y x y x 相切的两条直线夹角为α,则=αcos xOyxOyxO yxOyA .53B .54C .55D .5526.如图,位于某海域A 处的甲船获悉,在其北偏东︒60方向C 处有一艘渔船遇险后抛锚等待营救.甲船立即将救援消息告知位于甲船北偏东︒51,且与甲船相距mile n 2的B 处的乙船,已知遇险渔船在乙船的正东方向,那么乙船前往营救遇险渔船时需要航行的距离为A .mile n 2B .mile n 2C .mile n 22D .milen 237.已知函数1)14()(22-+-+=x x log x f x,则关于x 的不等式)2()2(x f x f >+的解集为A .)232(-B .)2,21[32,1( --C .)2,21[]21,32( --D .)2,21[]21,1( --8.已知双曲线)0,0(1 2222>>=-b a by a x C :的左、右焦点分别为21,F F ,左、右顶点分别为21,A A ,以21F F 为直径的圆与双曲线的一条渐近线交于点P ,且321π=∠A PA ,则双曲线C 的离心率为A .332B .2C .321D .13二、多项选择题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.CB ︒60︒15A北9.已知复数i z +=1,则A .2||=zB .2=⋅z zC .1)1(2024-=-z D .若关于x 的方程022=+-ax x ),(R a C x ∈∈的一个根为z ,则2=a 10.已知n m ,为两条不同的直线,βα,为两个不同的平面,且α⊥m ,β//n ,则A .若n m //,则βα⊥B .若β//m ,则n m ⊥C .若β⊥m ,则nm ⊥D .若n m //,则β//m 11.已知函数)2000)(()(π,,ωA ωx Asin x f <<>>+=ϕϕ的部分图象如图所示,则A .3π=ϕB .函数)(x f 在2,12(ππ上单调递减C .方程1)(=x f 的解集为},12{Z k πkπx|x ∈-=D .6π-=θ是函数)(θ+=x f y 是奇函数的充分不必要条件12.已知平面向量a ,b ,c ,32||=a ,6||=b ,18=⋅b a ,且60,>=--<c b c a ,则A .a 与b 的夹角为30B .)()(c b c a -⋅-的最大值为5C .||c 的最小值为2D .若),(R y x b y a x c ∈+=,则y x +21的取值范围是]67,31[三、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.其中第15题的第一个空填对得2分,第二个空填对得3分.高三数学试题第4页(共8页)13.2023年9月,我国成功地举办了“杭州亚运会”.亚运会期间,某场馆要从甲、乙、丙、丁、戊5名音效师中随机选取3人参加该场馆决赛的现场音效控制,则甲、乙至少有一人被选中的概率为.14.如图,M 是抛物线)0(22>=p px y 上的一点,F 是抛物线的焦点,以Fx 为始边、FM 为终边的角︒=∠60xFM ,且8||=FM ,则=p .15.足尖虽未遍及美景,浪漫却从未停止生长.清风牵动裙摆,处处彰显着几何的趣味.右面的几何图形好似平铺的一件裙装,①②③⑤是全等的等腰梯形,④⑥是正方形,其中21==AA AB ,411=B A ,若沿图中的虚线折起,围成一个封闭几何体Ω,则Ω的体积为;Ω的外接球的表面积为.16.若实数0x 满足)()(00x g x f --=,则称0x 为函数)(x f y =与)(x g y =的“关联数”.若,0()(>=a a x f x且)1≠a 与2)(x x g -=在实数集R 上有且只有3个“关联数”,则实数a 的取值范围为.四、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.17.(本小题满分10分)我市近日开展供热领域民生问题“大调研、大起底、大整治、大提升”工作,在调查阶段,从B A ,两小区一年供热期的数据中随机抽取了相同20天的观测数据,得到B A ,两小区的同日室温平均值如下图所示:FxO yM18.(本小题满分12分)三棱柱111C B A ABC -中,311π=∠=∠CAA ABB ,21===AA AC AB ,F E ,分别为11,AA C B 中点,且AC F B ⊥1.(Ⅰ)求证://EF 平面ABC ;(Ⅱ)求直线AE 与平面ABC 所成角的正弦值.19.(本小题满分12分)已知ABC ∆的三个内角C ,B ,A 的对边分别为c ,b ,a ,ABC ∆的外接圆半径为3,且A sin sinBsinC C sin B sin 222=-+.(Ⅰ)求a ;(Ⅱ)求ABC ∆的内切圆半径r 的取值范围.20.(本小题满分12分)21.(本小题满分12分)设21F ,F 分别为椭圆0)(1 2222>>=+b a by a x C :的左、右焦点,P 是椭圆C 短轴的一个顶点,已知21ΔF PF 的面积为2,3121=∠PF F cos .(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)如图,G ,N ,M 是椭圆上不重合的三点,原点O 是MNG Δ的重心.(ⅰ)当直线NG 垂直于x 轴时,求点M 到直线NG 的距离;(ⅱ)求点M 到直线NG 的距离的最大值.22.(本小题满分12分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,OAB Rt ∆的直角顶点A 在x 轴上,另一个顶点B 在函数xlnxx f =)(的图象上.(Ⅰ)当顶点B 在x 轴上方时,求OAB Rt Δ以x 轴为旋转轴,边AB 和边OB 旋转一周形成的面所围成的几何体的体积的最大值;(Ⅱ)已知函数xax ex e x g ax 1)(22-+-=,关于x 的方程)()(x g x f =有两个不等实根21,x x )(21x x <.(ⅰ)求实数a 的取值范围;(ⅱ)证明:ex x 22221>+.xOyMNG吉林地区普通高中2023—2024学年度高三年级第二次模拟考试数学试题参考答案一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.12345678CDBDABCD二、多项选择题:本大题共4小题,共20分.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.三、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.其中第15题的第一个空填对得2分,第二个空填对得3分.13.10914.415.3228;π4016.12<<-a ee或eea 21<<(注:16题或写成1{2<<-a e |a e或}12ee a <<,或写成)(1,)1 ,(22eee e -)四、解答题17.【解析】(Ⅰ)A 小区当年随机抽取的20天数据中,供热等级达到“舒适”的有15天,所以可以估计A 小区一天中供热等级达到“舒适”的概率为432015=,··················································2分那么,在当年的供热期内,A 小区供热等级达到“舒适”的天数约为12943172=⨯天········································3分9101112BDACABDACD(Ⅱ)由题意,样本空间Ω中共有20个样本点,设21,x x 表示B A ,两小区室内温度,用),(21x x 表示可能的结果.)}20,24(),20,23(),20,21(),19,24(),19,22(),19,21{(=C ,6)(=C n ,所以,事件C 的概率103206)()()(===Ωn C n C P .··················································6分(Ⅲ)(选择A )从供热状况角度选择生活地区居住,应建议选择A 小区,理由如下:①在20天的数据中,A 小区室温大于B 小区室温的有14天,B 小区室温大于A 小区室温的有5天,由此可以估计,每天A 小区室温大于B 小区室温的概率为1071=P ,B 小区室温大于A 小区室温的概率为412=P ,2P 远远小于1P ;②随机抽取的20天中,A 小区室温平均数为C T A 05.22=,B 小区室温平均数为C T B 7.20=,B A T T >;③在随机抽取的20天中,B 小区供热等级达到“舒适”的天数为9天,远小于A 小区供热等级达到“舒适”的天数;④A 小区室温中位数为C Z A 5.22=,B 小区室温中位数为C Z B 20=,B A Z Z >10分(选择B )从供热状况角度选择生活地区居住,应建议选择B 小区,理由如下:①在20天的数据中,A 小区中存在供热不达标的情况,而B 小区供热等级全部达标.②随机抽取的20天中,A 小区室温平均数为C T A05.22=,B 小区室温平均数为C T B 7.20=,在B A T T ,全部达标的情况下,A 小区室温方差大于B 小区室温方差,B 小区室温波动较小,说明B 小区供热更加稳定.(A 小区室温方差为84.7≈2A s ,B 小区室温方差为01.4≈2B s ,以上数值仅作参考,不要求计算方差具体值).·····························10分赋分说明:①只做判断没能说明理由的不给分;②给出一个正确理由的给3分,给出两个及以上正确理由的给4分;③除以上理由外,其它符合统计概率知识的判断依据都可酌情给分.18.【解析】(Ⅰ)证明:取BC 中点G ,连接EG AG ,,E 为C B 1中点,1//BB GE ∴,121BB GE =,在三棱柱111C B A ABC -中,111,//AA BB AA =F 为1AA 中点,AF GE AF GE =∴,//,∴四边形AGEF 为平行四边形,GA EF //∴,又⊂GA 平面ABC ,⊄EF 平面ABC //EF ∴平面ABC .··································5分(Ⅱ)解:在平行四边形11A ABB 中,3,11π=∠=ABB AA AB ,∴平行四边形11A ABB 为菱形,连接1AB ,则11ΔB AA 为正三角形,F 为1AA 中点,11AA F B ⊥∴,同理可证1AA CF ⊥,又AC F B ⊥1,A AA AC =1 ,⊥∴F B 1平面CC AA 11∴以F 为原点,FC FB FA ,,1所在直线分别为x 轴,y 轴,z 轴,建立如图所示空间直角坐标系Fxyz ,)23,23,0(),3,0,0(),0,3,0(),0,3,2(),0,0,1(),0,0,0(1E C B B A F ∴,)23,23,1(),3,0,1(),0,3,1(-=-==∴AE AC AB ,··································8分设),,(z y x n =是平面ABC 的法向量,F EA1A CB1B 1C xyz则ACnABn⊥⊥,,⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+-=⋅=+=⋅∴,03,03zxACnyxABn⎩⎨⎧=-=∴,3,3zxyx取1=z,则1,3-==yx,)1,1,3(-=∴n是平面ABC的一个法向量,565210123)1(2331||||,-=⨯⨯+-⨯+⨯-=>=<∴nAEnAEnAEcos,设直线AE与平面ABC所成角为θ,则56|,|=><=nAEcossinθ,即直线AE与平面ABC所成角的正弦值为56.··················································12分19.【解析】(Ⅰ)AsinsinBsinCCsinBsin222=-+由正弦定理可得bcacbabccb=-+∴=-+222222由余弦定理得2122222==-+=bcbcbcacbcosA3),0(ππ=∴∈AA······················································································5分设ABCΔ外接圆半径为R,则3=R,由正弦定理得323322=⨯==RsinAa····················································································································6分注意:求角未写范围扣1分.(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知,3,3π==Aa由余弦定理Acosbccba2222-+=得32922πcosbccb-+=bccb3)(92-+=∴4)(39)(322cbcbbc+≤-+=36)(2≤+∴cb acb>+63≤+<∴cb.当且仅当3==cb时取等号 (8)分又由等面积法可知r c b a bcsinA )(2121++=cb a bc r ++=∴2339)(2-+=c b bc ,)3(63339)(232-+=++-+⨯=∴c b c b c b r ····························10分23)3(630,330≤-+<∴≤-+<c b c b r ∴的取值范围为230(,···············································································12分20.【解析】(Ⅰ)42=a ··········································································································1分93=a ··········································································································2分(Ⅱ)由22221ππn sinn cosa a n n +-=+,可得22221ππn sina n cos a n n +=++即)()()(*1,2222221N n n sin a n sin a n sin a n n n ∈+=+=+++πππ·····················4分又因为0221≠=+πsina 所以2{πn sin a n +是首项为2,公比为2的等比数列············································5分所以n n n sin a 22=+π,即*22N n n sin a n n ∈-=,π·········································6分(Ⅲ))( 2)2(*N n n nsin a n n n ∈-=-,π·····································································7分①当)( 4*N k k n ∈=,时,[]0)1(0)3()0705()0301(+-++--+⋯++++-++++-=n n T n 22224n n=+⋯++=个令20242==mT m,得4048=m······································································8分②当)(,14*Nkkn∈-=时,[]nnT n++--+⋯+++-+++-+++-=0)2()1190()750(3121222243+=+⋯+++=-nn个令202421=+=mT m,得4047=m································································9分③当)(24*Nkkn∈-=,时,[]0)1()2()097()053(1+--+-+⋯++-+++-+++-=nnT n2221)2()2()2(142nnn-=---=-+⋯+-+-+-=-令20242=-=mT m,得4048-=m舍去··························································10分④当)(34*Nkkn∈-=,时,))2(0()970()530(1nnT n-+-++⋯+-+++-+++-=21211)2()2()2(141+-=---=-+⋯+-+-+-=-nnn个令202421=+-=mT m,得4049-=m舍去······················································11分综上:4048=m或4047··············································································12分21.【解析】(Ⅰ)由题可知222121Δ==⨯⨯=bcbcS FPF····························································1分3112222221=-∠=∠=∠OPF cos OPF cos PF F cos 362=∠∴OPF cos 在2OPF Rt ∆中,362==∠a b OPF cos ·····························································2分222c b a += ································································································3分解得1,2,3===c b a 即椭圆C 的标准方程为12322=+y x ···································································4分(Ⅱ)(ⅰ)当NG 垂直于x 轴时,点M 为椭圆C 的左顶点或右顶点,此时3==a OM ,O 是MNG ∆重心,设线段NG 的中点为D则2321==OM OD M ∴到直线NG 的距离是2333=OD ·······················6分(ii )当NG 斜率存在时,设直线NG 方程为)0(≠+=t t kx y 设),(11y x N ,()22,y x G ,)(33y ,x M 由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++=12322y x t kx y 消去y 得:0636)3(2222=-+++t ktx x k 02)24(322>+-=∆t k ,则2223t k >+由韦达定理得221326k kt x x +-=+,22213263k t x x +-=··········································7分O 是MNG Δ重心,2213326)(k ktx x x +=+-=∴222212133242326]2)([)(k tt k t k t x x k y y y +-=-+=++-=+-=∴M在椭圆C上1)322(61)323(632222222=+++∴ktkt k即2222)326()32(24kkt+=+0322>+k22324kt+=∴222324tkt>+=,符合0>∆tkkktx2332623=+=∴,tkty132423-=+-=······················································8分设1,23(ttkM-到直线NG:0=+-tykx的距离为d2222222221433143313k12223k1123tttktttktttkd+=+=+=+++=+++=·················10分232422≥+=kt212≥∴t233223<≤∴d················································11分由(i)知,当NG垂直于x轴时,M到直线NG的距离为233.综上所述,M到直线NG的距离取值范围为233,223[.故M到直线NG的距离的最大值为233···························································12分22.【解析】(Ⅰ)设)0,(xA,则1),,(>xxlnxxB则xxlnxxlnxOAABV3)(3||||31222πππ=⋅⋅=⋅⋅=···············································2分令xxlnxh2)(=,1>x则2)2()(xlnxlnxxh-=',令0)(='x h ,2e x =;令0)(>'x h ,21e x <<;令0)(<'x h ,2ex >故)(x h 在),1(2e 单调递增,在)(2∞+,e 单调递减.故224)()(e e h x h max ==,故234)(3e x h V maxmax ππ==···········································4分(Ⅱ)(ⅰ)由)()(x g x f =得lnx ax ex eax =-+-122,即)(22ex ln ex ax e ax +=+令x e x x+=)(ϕ,则)]([)(2ex ln ax ϕϕ=,又11)(>+='xe x ϕ,故)(x ϕ在R 上单调递增,故)(2ex ln ax =在)0(∞+,上有两个不等实根21x x ,············································5分即21xlnx a +=在)0(∞+,上有两个不等实根21x x ,令21)(x lnx x F +=,312)(x lnx x F --=',令0)(='x F ,21-=e x ;令0)(>'x F ,210-<<ex ;令0)(<'x F ,21->ex 故)(x F 在),0(21-e单调递增,在),(21+∞-e 单调递减.故2)()(21e eF x F max ==-又0)1(=eF ,当+→0x 时,-∞→+1lnx ,02→x -∞→∴)(x F ;当+∞→x 时,+∞→+1lnx ,+∞→2x ,与对数函数相比,二次函数增长速度更快,→∴)x (F 故当且仅当20ea <<时,直线a y =与)(x F y =图象有两个不同公共点,故实数a 的取值范围是2,0(e .············································································8分(ⅱ)由(ⅰ)知⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+=+=22212111lnx ax lnx ax ,两式作差得212221lnx lnx ax ax -=-,即alnx lnx x x 2122212221=--,··················································································9分令1)1(2)(+--=x x lnx x G ,1>x ,则0)1()1()1(41)(222>+-=+-='x x x x x x G 故)(x G 在),1(+∞单调递增,故0)1()(=>G x G ,即当1>x 时,1)1(2+->x x lnx ,又012>>x x ,故1)1(2212221222122+->x x x xx x ln 故2221222122212lnx lnx x x x x -->+···········································································11分故a x x 2122221>+,由(ⅰ)知20e a <<,故ex x 122221>+,即e x x 22221>+·········12分。