The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

温室效应的危害及后果英语作文Global Warming: The Looming Threat to Our PlanetThe Earth's climate is undergoing a profound and alarming transformation, largely driven by human activities that have led to an unprecedented rise in greenhouse gas emissions. This phenomenon, known as global warming or the greenhouse effect, poses a grave threat to the delicate balance of our planet's ecosystems, with far-reaching consequences that could profoundly impact the lives of all living beings.At the heart of this crisis lies the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, in the Earth's atmosphere. These gases act like a blanket, trapping heat from the sun and preventing it from escaping into space. As a result, the global temperature has been steadily rising, leading to a cascade of environmental changes that have the potential to disrupt the very foundations of life on our planet.One of the most visible and devastating effects of global warming is the melting of the world's glaciers and polar ice caps. As these vast reservoirs of frozen water disappear, sea levels are rising at analarming rate, threatening coastal regions and low-lying areas with the risk of devastating floods and the displacement of millions of people. The loss of these ice masses also has a profound impact on the global climate system, altering ocean currents and weather patterns, which can lead to more extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, and heat waves.The consequences of global warming extend far beyond the physical changes to the Earth's surface. The disruption of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity are among the most concerning impacts of this crisis. As temperatures rise and precipitation patterns shift, many species of plants and animals are struggling to adapt to the changing conditions, leading to the extinction of numerous species and the disruption of delicate food webs. This loss of biodiversity not only diminishes the richness and beauty of our natural world but also compromises the resilience of our ecosystems, making them more vulnerable to further environmental stresses.The impact of global warming on human health is also a grave concern. Rising temperatures and the spread of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue fever, are putting millions of people at risk, particularly in developing countries with limited access to healthcare and resources. Additionally, the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heatwaves and droughts, can lead to food and water scarcity, further exacerbatingthe challenges faced by vulnerable populations.The economic consequences of global warming are also significant and far-reaching. The costs associated with mitigating the effects of climate change, such as the development of renewable energy sources, the implementation of carbon capture and storage technologies, and the adaptation of infrastructure to withstand the impacts of extreme weather, are staggering. Moreover, the disruption of agricultural systems and the loss of natural resources can have a profound impact on global trade and economic stability, potentially leading to social unrest and political instability in various regions of the world.In the face of this looming crisis, it is clear that urgent and comprehensive action is required to address the challenge of global warming. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote the development of clean energy technologies, and implement policies and strategies that will help to mitigate the effects of climate change. This will require a fundamental shift in the way we approach energy production, transportation, and consumption, as well as a greater emphasis on sustainable practices and the protection of our natural environment.While the task may seem daunting, the consequences of inaction aresimply too great to ignore. The future of our planet and the well-being of all living beings depend on our ability to confront this challenge head-on and to work collectively towards a more sustainable and resilient future. By taking bold and decisive action now, we can ensure that the Earth remains a habitable and thriving home for generations to come.。

有关于温室效应的英语The Greenhouse Effect: A Global Challenge.The greenhouse effect is a natural process that maintains the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere, enabling life to thrive on our planet. However, in recent decades, human activities have significantly altered this delicate balance, leading to concerns about climate change and its potential impact on the environment and human society.The greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, preventing it from escaping back into space. These gases, known as greenhouse gases (GHGs), include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Naturally occurring GHGs, such as water vapor and carbon dioxide from volcanoes, have always been present in the atmosphere. However, human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have caused a significant increase in theconcentration of these gases.The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Similarly, deforestation removes trees that absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, leading to a net increase in atmospheric CO2 levels. As theconcentration of greenhouse gases rises, they trap more heat, leading to a warmer atmosphere and, consequently, global warming.Global warming has numerous potential impacts on the environment and human society. Rising temperatures can lead to changes in weather patterns, causing more frequent and severe extreme weather events such as heatwaves, droughts, and floods. These weather patterns can disrupt ecosystems, affect crop yields, and pose a significant threat to human health and infrastructure.Additionally, the melting of glaciers and polar icecaps due to higher temperatures can lead to sea level rise. This rise in sea level can inundate coastal cities andislands, displacing millions of people and damagingcritical infrastructure.To mitigate the impact of the greenhouse effect and address climate change, it is crucial to reduce GHG emissions and enhance carbon sinks. Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar, wind, andhydroelectric power can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Additionally,policies that encourage sustainable land use, such as reforestation and afforestation, can help absorb morecarbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Innovations in energy-efficient technologies and sustainable production methods can also contribute to reducing GHG emissions. For instance, electric vehicles (EVs) powered by renewable energy can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. Similarly, circular economies that prioritize waste reduction, reuse, and recycling can lower emissions from industrial processes.Individual actions can also help mitigate thegreenhouse effect. Simple measures like reducing energy consumption, using public transport or cycling instead of private vehicles, and consuming less meat can contribute to reducing personal carbon emissions. Additionally, supporting companies and policies that prioritize sustainability can further amplify the impact of individual actions.In conclusion, the greenhouse effect is a complex global challenge that requires concerted efforts from governments, businesses, and individuals. By implementing sustainable practices, promoting renewable energy, and supporting policies that prioritize environmental protection, we can mitigate the impact of climate change and ensure a sustainable future for ourselves and the planet.。

二氧化碳对环境的危害和影响英语作文{z}Title: The Harm and Impact of Carbon Dioxide on the Environment Introduction:Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless and odorless gas that is essential for life on Earth.However, its increasing concentration in the atmosphere, primarily due to human activities, has become a significant concern.This essay will explore the various ways in which CO2 is posing a threat to the environment and its wide-ranging impacts.Body:1.Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming:CO2 is a greenhouse gas, which means it has the ability to trap heat in the Earth"s atmosphere.The excessive release of CO2 from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes has intensified the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming.As a result, the Earth"s average temperature is rising, causing extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and disruptions in ecosystems.2.Ocean Acidification:When CO2 is absorbed by the oceans, it reacts with water to form carbonic acid.This process, known as ocean acidification, has detrimental effects on marine life.The increased acidity harms coral reefs, shell-forming organisms, and plankton, which are vital for the ocean"s food chain.The consequences extend to fish and ultimately affect humanlivelihoods dependent on the fishing industry.3.Air Pollution:CO2 emissions contribute to air pollution, which has severe health implications for humans and animals.Breathing in polluted air can lead to respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and other health issues.Furthermore, air pollution exacerbates the problem of global warming, as it contains other harmful gases like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.4.Impact on Agriculture:Changes in climate patterns, caused by increased CO2 levels, can have a profound impact on agriculture.Some regions may experience increased productivity due to a longer growing season and higher CO2 levels, which can promote plant growth.However, this benefit is often overshadowed by the negative effects of global warming.Droughts, floods, and shifts in precipitation patterns can lead to crop failures, food shortages, and increased food prices.5.Loss of Biodiversity:The alterations in climate and habitat caused by CO2 emissions contribute to the loss of biodiversity.Many species are facing extinction as their natural habitats are destroyed or become inhospitable.The disruption of ecosystems can have cascading effects on the planet, including the collapse of entire food webs and the loss of essentialecological services.Conclusion:In conclusion, the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is posing significant threats to the environment.The greenhouse effect, ocean acidification, air pollution, impacts on agriculture, and loss of biodiversity are just a few of the consequences of our excessive CO2 emissions.It is crucial that we take immediate and comprehensive actions to reduce CO2 emissions, transition to renewable energy sources, and mitigate the adverse effects of this harmful gas.The future of our planet and the well-being of future generations depend on it.。

人类对全球变暖的影响英语作文In the past few decades, the phenomenon of global warming has become increasingly apparent, causing widespread concern among the international community. The scientific consensus is that this phenomenon is primarily caused by anthropogenic activities, particularly the excessive emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The impact of human activity on global warming is profound and multifaceted, affecting not only the environment but also the socio-economic fabric of society.The burning of fossil fuels is one of the primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are widely used in various sectors of the economy, including transportation, power generation, and manufacturing. The combustion of thesefuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and causing global temperatures to rise.Deforestation is another significant contributor to global warming. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis and storeit in their trunks and branches. When trees are cut down, this carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere, increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases. In addition, deforestation also results in the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystems, further exacerbating the negative impacts of global warming.The agricultural sector is also a significantcontributor to global warming. Agricultural activities such as tilling the soil, using chemical fertilizers, andraising livestock all contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. In addition, agricultural land use change, such as the conversion of forests to agricultural land,also leads to the release of stored carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.The impact of human activity on global warming is not limited to environmental degradation. Rising temperatures and climate change also have profound socio-economic implications. For example, extreme weather events such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts are becoming more frequent and severe due to global warming. These events cause significant damage to infrastructure, disrupt supply chains,and威胁 human life, with developing countries often bearing the heaviest burden.Global warming also has significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. Rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns affect the distribution and abundance of species, leading to the loss of biodiversity. In addition, global warming also causes the degradation of ecosystems, reducing their ability to provide critical ecological services such as carbon sequestration, water purification, and flood control.To address the impact of human activity on global warming, it is essential to take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the changes that are already occurring. Policies and measures such as promoting renewable energy, energy conservation and efficiency improvements, and sustainable land use planning can help to reduce emissions and mitigate the negative impacts of global warming. In addition, it is also important to invest in resilience building and disaster risk reduction to protect against the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events.In conclusion, the impact of human activity on global warming is profound and multifaceted. It affects not only the environment but also the socio-economic fabric of society. To address this challenge, it is essential to take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adaptto the changes that are already occurring. By working together, we can build a more sustainable and resilient future for ourselves and our planet.**人类对全球变暖的影响**在过去的几十年里，全球变暖现象变得日益明显，引起了国际社会的广泛关注。

关于环境保护温室效应的英语作文高中**English Essay: On the Protection of Environment and the Greenhouse Effect**The greenhouse effect, a natural phenomenon vital for life on Earth, has become a buzzword in recent years due to the excessive enhancement of its effects caused by human activities.This enhanced greenhouse effect is leading to global warming, which poses a significant threat to our environment and ecosystems.As high school students, it is of utmost importance that we understand the implications of this issue and take steps towards its resolution.Firstly, the greenhouse effect is caused by certain gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, which trap heat from the sun.This natural process is essential as it maintains Earth"s temperature at a level suitable for life.However, since the Industrial Revolution, human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes have significantly increased the concentration of these gases, intensifying the greenhouse effect.The consequences of the enhanced greenhouse effect are far-reaching.Rising global temperatures lead to the melting of polar ice caps, which in turn causes sea levels to rise.This endangers coastal cities and low-lying areas, potentially leading to the displacement of millions ofpeople.Additionally, changes in climate patterns result in more frequent and severe natural disasters, such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods.These events have a devastating impact on both human lives and biodiversity.To address this pressing issue, we, as high school students, can play a significant role.Firstly, raising awareness about the greenhouse effect and its consequences is crucial.We can organize campaigns, participate in debates, and use social media to inform our peers and community about the importance of environmental protection.Furthermore, we should adopt environmentally friendly habits in our daily lives, such as reducing, reusing, and recycling, which can minimize our carbon footprint.Moreover, advocating for and supporting renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, is another effective measure.By reducing our reliance on fossil fuels, we can decrease the emission of greenhouse gases.Encouraging our schools and local authorities to invest in these alternatives can lead to a greener and more sustainable future.In conclusion, the greenhouse effect and its intensification due to human activities pose a significant threat to our environment.As high school students, we have the power to make a difference.By raising awareness, adopting eco-friendly habits, and promoting renewable energy, we can contribute to the protection of our planet and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.**高中作文：关于环境保护与温室效应**温室效应是地球上生命存续的重要自然现象，近年来，由于人类活动导致的过强化效应，这一术语变得尤为热议。

大学英语四级作文：能源问题（九篇）大学英语四级作文：能源问题 1As a result of greenhouse effect and global warming,everyboby is to save energy and reduce the release,even Prince Charles.The following tips may be helpful.To save electricity,please turn off the lights when leaving theroom.Save a minute when yo u‘re taking a shower.Switch off the water when using soap.In summer,turn up the air-conditioner by one degree.In winter,turn it down by one degree.Better cut off the power after you turn off your puter and any other electrical appliances when leaving.It‘s advisable that you install a solar hot water supply system if you live on the top floor.Although it cost some money,it will prove money saving.It‘s suggested that you collect all the empty bottles and waste paper,and have them recycledSwarch the Internet for more information about carbon release reduction tips.Let‘s save energy so that we can prevent this planet from being another Venus or Mars!大学英语四级作文：能源问题 2With the rapid development of economy and society, there are manyproblems, which bring some negative effects to our life. Energy shortage is one of the most serious problems in the world. Many reasons can explain the energy shortage.With the rapid development of various industries, the demand for energy has also increased greatly. With the passage of time, population growth is another factor. The demand for life, work and other aspects of population growth is also increasing.Energy waste has always been a serious and mon problem In order to solve this problem, all of us should act together for one thing. We should try our best to find new energy to replace our most consumed energy. Everyone should establish the concept that energy is limited.We should form the habit of saving energy. We can start from small things, such as turning off the lights in a word, and energy shortage It is a major and serious problem in the world. We should solve this problem by finding new renewable energy, saving energy and any other possible ways. 大学英语四级作文：能源问题 3Another round of energy cr__ is knocking at the door. in 2004 world oil consumption reached a new record causing oil price in the international market to skyrocket amazingly. as for china it was reported that many traditional mineral cities in northeastern china had run into predicament with their economy collapsed and workers unemployed only because coal had been mined out. fossil energy resources including coal oil and gas areunlike sunlight water power and wind power which are generated consistently. they’re not practically reprodu ctive during human history. once consumed they’re gone forever.If they were to be exhausted before we could find sufficient reproductive resources to replace them with we’d have to live in entire blackout again like our ancestors have done thousands o f years ago. that’s of course not what anyone would want to see.Due to technical limitations people still have to utilize these resources now. as a result we must economize them most cleverly. new techniques should be developed and applied to reduce energy cost in industry and daily life. alternative energy should be employed wherever possible. eradicate any practice that wastes energy.Humans have e so many crises in history and we’re sure to win this time also.大学英语四级作文：能源问题 4Since scientists discovered the principle of electricity, electricity has e an indispensable source of energy in less than 200 years. We can use electric lights, TV sets, washing machines, refrigerators, puters and other appliances. With it; The night of the city is brightly lit, and the traffic accidents have been reduced. With it, we have a few happy and happy lives.But according to scientists, earth's oil, natural gas, coal and otherenergy sources will end up being used up by humans, and even the most abundant solar energy will run out in a few decades. The car put out the fire, the electric light is not bright, the television is not the image and the sound, the puter is a decoration, this is what a terrible sight! It's almost the end of the world. China has limited energy. Therefore, energy efficiency must be mentioned.Saving energy must start from me, starting from a little bit by the side, forming a good habit of turning off the light and water, the air conditioner should not be too low in summer, not endless listening to music and so on.In short, in our life, such as food, clothing, shelter, line must depend on energy, to manufacture and use, so we should try to be a simple life, reduce any unnecessary waste, is the best way to save energy.大学英语四级作文：能源问题 5Ever since early this century, electricity has e an essential part of our modern life. It plays an important role in many fields such as industry, agriculture and the daily life of men. Electricity is a source of energy that makes it possible for the factories to turn out products and for people to create fortable living conditions, for example.If there were no electric power, things would be quite different. Machines could not run and people would have to fall back on their hands to produce what is essential for them to keep alive. Traffic would have tostop at night because there would be no lights in the street. A world in darkness would no longer be a pleasant one. In a word, things would be in a mess.Therefore, we should realize the importance of electricity. As electricity is insufficient in our country, we should be frugal in using electricity. We should make great efforts to produce more electricity.大学英语四级作文：能源问题 6energy shortage is a very serious problem in the world. many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. this, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even cr__ and jeopardize the survival of mankind .on the one hand, most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. one is to conserve and save our energy. energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. most countries have realized the wastefulness in their using of energy.they are trying to conserve energy. for example, some countries have a daylight saving system to use less electricity for lighting. some cities have enforced water savers at public such as restrooms and bars. some have enforced serious penalties on overuse of electricity, water, and farming land. by these means, people hope the drain on energy resources could be slowed down.however, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. another way, perhaps the best i think,, is to develop new energy resources. obviously, no matter how hard we try to save energy resources and how abundant they are, we will use them up sooner or later. i think there are many energy resources that we can develop and utilize.we don’t have to depend only on the current convention al energy resources. there are many other energy resources that we can develop such as nuclear power, waterpower and solar power. these resources, if developed, can pletely replace the conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortage.大学英语四级作文：能源问题7Another round of energy cr__ is knocking at the door.In 2004,world oil consumption reached a new record,causing oil price in the international market to skyrocket amazingly.As for China,it was reported that many traditional mineral cities in northeastern China had run into predicament,with their economy collapsed and workers unemployed,only because coal had been mined out.Fossil energy resources,including coal,oil and gas,are unlike sunlight,water power and wind power which are generated consistently.They’re not practically reproductive during humanhistory.Once consumed,they’re gone forever.If they were to be exhausted before we could find sufficient reproductive resources to replace themwith,we’d have to live in entire blackout again like our ancestors have done thousands of years ago.That’s of course not what anyone would want to see.Due to technical limitations,people still have to utilize these resources now.As a result,we must economize them most cleverly.New techniques should be developed and applied to reduce energy cost in industry and daily life.Alternative energy should be employed whereverpossible.Eradicate any practice that wastes energy.Humans have e so many crises in history,and we’re sure to win this time also.大学英语四级作文：能源问题8China is rich in various energy resources. Coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major ones. They are essential in developing thecountry's industry, science and technology. China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum.Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new industrial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain. They are all big consumers of energy resources. Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources.To avoid an energy cr__ in the future, the government must take certain measures. First, it should let people know the importance of savingenergy. Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热) energy and so on. We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.大学英语四级作文：能源问题9china is rich in various energy resources. coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major trees. they ave essential in developing the country's industry, ,science and technology. china has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise the output of coal and petroleum.these energy resources are being used up rapidly, however. with the building of four modernizations, new industrial and science projects axe springing up like bam booshoots after a spring rain. they are all enormous consumers of energy resources. be sides, there has been great waste in using these resources.to avoid energy cr__ in the future, the government must take measures. first, it should let the people know, through education, the importance of ,saving energy. sec ond, efforts should be made in opening up new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal energy and so on. we have reasons to be optimistic in this respect.。

英语作文：温室效应 The Greenhouse EffectThe greenhouse effect is a phenomenon that our earth's atmosphere traps the sun's heat and warms the planet. This is a natural process that has been going on for millions of years. However, due to human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, more and more greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere. These gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, trap more heat and cause the earth to become warmer.The consequences of the warming planet are far reaching. As temperatures rise, sea levels will rise due to melting ice caps and glaciers. This will lead to flooding of coastal cities and destruction of habitats for many species. In addition, extreme weather events such as droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes will become more frequent and intense.We must take action to reduce the greenhouse effect and its effects. We can start by reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and switching to renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. We must also take steps to protect and restore our forests, which act as natural carbon sinks. Finally, we must promote sustainable practices such as recycling and using less plastic.By taking these steps, we can ensure a healthier planet for future generations.。

The film review of “the day after tomorrow”"The Day After Tomorrow" is a disaster movie, but it isn't a disastrous one. It said a story about the world will go into a next Ice Age ,all of these situation are own to the greenhouse effect and global warming continued what the human being’s activity lead to .In the story , scientist Jake. Hall pointed out that the greenhouse effect brings the global warming will cause the Earth unprecedented disaster after the observation prehistoric climatic study , also he studies the ways of weather changed patterns in the past . but one day it was happen what he worried , as a college student’s father , he tries to save the world from the effects of global warming while trying to get to his son, Sam , who was in New York City as a part of a scholastic competition, when the city is covered by the beginnings of the new Ice Age.When the ice age is beginning , New York City into a vast expanse of water between the day and turned into ice and snow. Snow covered everything: roads, the White House, the city ... ... the world turned white snow, temperatures decrease so that the Americans in the library had to rely on burning books for heating, freezing temperatures plunged to the American flag in the air.Humans are always afraid of the disaster, but when the disaster comes, no one really can not be avoided, because the man is not swayed by the disaster, the disaster is not predictable, Sam got commitment from his father's, his father did not abandon his son aside. However, if some day we can so lucky, as Sam did it? I think the answer is definitely "no", because human nature has been under great damage to it. Disaster came so fast, because people always thought that the disaster will be the next generation of their grandchildren, even after the occurrence of late, very late, but I regret to it may be happen in the day after tomorrow.When disaster strikes, people and animals returned to the most primitive relations; when disaster strikes, people are finally equal, people want to be lucky; when disaster strikes, creation of human life and human civilization from the results contradictions; when disaster strikes, family, friendship, love, a test of brutally. Between the abnormalities of human solidarity at this time, under the disaster, we are so tiny, so helpless.As it is, most people died of the beginning of the ice age , it was disappointed ,but human being default all of difficulty at last . What I have to admit is that this movie is wonderful, At least it's a watchable one , such as its advanced digital video effect and the worry about the future of human beings . As the movie’s ending , the college students and his partner came out from the disaster with their talents and Sam’s father’s advice , and Sam reunite with his father , More good news is, he harvested a wonderful love!In short, "The Day After Tomorrow" is a good commercial film. Not only in production on its screen, but also in it that sounded the alarm early on the human. As the film director said: "The problem is that such a thing is not the sensational,such things really happen." Perhaps in the near future . Even it may be happen in the day after tomorrow .So , lets take action to protect our nature! For this ,we can enjoy our live environment , we can enjoy our live , and can leaves something for next generation .。

Academic+Reading+3Academic Reading 3学术阅读3Using Interactive Technology to Support Students’ Understanding of the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming利用交互技术支持学生对温室效应和全球变暖的认识Keisha Varma and Marcia C. Linn凯莎·瓦尔玛和马西娅·林恩Introduction介绍1Although global warming is a popular topic in science classes in most middle and high schools, there is little understanding of the greenhouse effect.Anderson and Wallin (2000) conducted a study focusing on high school students. They found that these students had several different representations of the greenhouse effect. Many confused the greenhouse effect with global warming and described it by listing the causes of global warming. Others confused the greenhouse effect with “the ozone effect”(Anderson and Wallin, 2000). This confusion about the relationship between the greenhouse effect and the ozone effect is common (Francis et al., 1993；Meadows and Wiesenmayer, 1999；Rye et al., 1997). Data from Meadows and Wiesenmayer’s(1999) study indicate that some students have incorporated this misconception into their knowledge frameworks of global warming and use it to reason about all issues related to the global warming phenomenon.Other work shows that some pre-service teachers also attribute the cause of climate change to the depletion of the ozone layer (Papadimiriou, 2004).虽然全球变暖是大多数初中和高中科学课的热门话题，但对温室效应的理解却很少。