外刊每日精读 White Rabbit sweets

外刊精读【考研英语备考系列⽂章之⼀】怎么使⽤丁晓钟⽼师的《英美外刊超精读》第⼀部分：理论部分丁晓钟⽼师编著的《英美外刊超精读》中，前⾔就曾经介绍过阅读的⽅法。

我在使⽤这本外刊书的时候也基本遵循着这样的步骤，再根据实际情况，适当做出⼀些调整。

因此我阅读外刊的⽅法如下：第⼀步：通读快速全⽂（⼤概⽤10分钟左右），把不懂的词、表达，句型标记，然后结合⽂章标题，问问⾃⼰能不能了解⽂章的⼤意（就是⽂章的重点是什么）。

也看看不懂的地⽅是什么原因造成的：是词汇表达积累不够？是⽂化背景缺乏？还是对写作⼿法不熟悉？如果是词汇不了解，看看上下⽂能不能推导⼀下，或者能不能推出其褒贬意？这⼀步，我⼀般不会查字典。

第⼆步：精读每⼀段，遇到不懂的词汇，⾃⼰查字典，通过句间和句中的逻辑，选择你认为最佳的意思。

把表达、词汇、搭配等等记录下来。

继续看⽂章。

看完后，问问⾃⼰是不是了解了⽂章的⼤意？把每段的段落意思写下来，对，⼀定要写下来！重要的信息⾃⼰去标记出来。

最后，重点注意⼏个地⽅：指代问题，替换问题，⽤词准确度问题，重点语法问题。

最后，如果有时间，可以翻译全⽂。

这⼀步，我会查⼤量的字典和上⽹搜索信息。

第三步：这时候你可以直接看书中的解析部分了。

这⾥要匡正⼤家对解析的⼀个错误认识。

解析部分提供的是⼀个参考意见，⽽不是⼀个直接阅读就了事的地⽅。

⼤家在前两步中所写下的语⾔点，要在解析部分那⾥对照学习。

尤其是不同的地⽅，要想想为什么⽼师会这样分析，会这样确定这个词意。

尤其是对难句的分析和重次要信息的把握。

通过这样的对⽐学习，你掌握知识点会更快。

对书中的总结和例句也进⾏好好的分析和学习，这也是提升。

这就是从宏观到微观再到宏观的学习过程。

从字词句到⽂章意思到⾏⽂逻辑，从低级到⾼级的阶段。

但是，我这⾥要介绍⼀个⽅法，这是我不仅仅在《英美外刊超精读》中使⽤，在各⼤外刊中我也是⽤这样的⽅法是学习和拓展⾃⼰的知识点。

这个⽅法就是句⼦⽆限拓展法。

外刊每日精读 | Heavy lies the crown文章脉络【1】美元的主导地位再次引发怀疑【2】引发怀疑的原因【3】美元的地位仍不可撼动【4】&【5】美元的巨大优势【6】越来越多西方公司以人民币为结算方式【7】多极货币体系或许不稳定经济学人原文Reserve currencies：Heavy lies the crownThe dollar’s dominance is not under threat today. But there are limits to the greenbac k’s power【1】Every so often an appetite surges for an alternative reserve currency to the dollar—and a market booms in predictions of the greenback’s imminent demise. For nearly three-quarters of a century the dollar has at a global scale dominated trade, finance and the rainy-day reserve portfolios of central banks. Yethigh inflation, fractious geopolitics and the sanctions imposed by America and its allies on countries such as Russia have lately caused dollar-doubters to become vocal once again.【2】Often these episodes are fuelled by a world leader’s spasm of anger towards the dollar. In 1965Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, then France’s financeminister, raged against the “exorbitant privilege” the greenback conferred on America. This time it was Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Brazil’s president, who on a recent visit to China called for emerging markets to trade using their own currencies. At the same time, a surging gold price and a fall in the dollar’s share of global reserves has roused other doubters, who can also point to this month’s admission by Janet Yellen, America’s treasurysecretary, that over timeusing sanctions“could undermine the hegemony” of the currency. It does not help that America could soon face a fiscal crisis if Congress fails to raise the ceiling that limits how much the government can borrow.【3】Yet the doubters’excitement has become detached from reality.The greenback exerts an almighty gravitational pull on the world economy that has not materially weakened—even if America has recently found that there arereal obstacles to exploiting its currency’s pre-eminence.【4】The starting advantage of the dollar is immense. Between a third and a half of global trade is invoiced in dollars, a share that has been relatively stable over the long term. It is involved in nearly 90% of foreign-exchange transactions; such isthe liquidity of the greenback that if you want to swap euros for Swiss francs, it can be cheaper to trade via dollars than to do so directly. About half of cross-border debtis dollar-denominated. And although the dollar’s share of central-bank reserves has fallen over the long term, it still accounts for about 60% of them. There is no sign ofa dramatic recent change, save that which has been caused mechanically by central banks revaluing their portfolios to take account of exchange-rate movements and higher interest rates in America.【5】No other currency is close to matching this ecosystem’s size, orits fundamental appeal: the supply of safe assets available to dollar investors. The euro zone is fragile and its sovereign-debt market is mostly fragmented between its member states. China cannot possibly satisfy global demand for safe assets so longas it both tightly controls flows of capital and runs current-account surpluses (meaning it is, on net, accumulating financial claims on the rest of the world rather than vice versa). And the dollar, as the dominant currency, benefits from network effects. People want to use the currency everyone else is using.【6】What is increasingly clear, though, is that individual countriescan circumvent the dominant system if they really want to. Though Russia’s war economy has been wounded by sanctions, it has not been crippled, in part because 16% of its exports are now paid for in yuan, up from almost none beforeit invaded Ukraine.【7】China’s alternative to the SWIFT interbank-messaging system has been growing rapidly. It has also been switching more of its bilateral trade towards settlement in renminbi—an easier task than replacing the dollar intrade flows between other countries. Even many firms in the West now use renminbifor trade with China. New digital-payments technologies and central-bankdigital currencies could yet make it easier to move money around the world without involving America.【8】Balance of powerMoreover, Ms Yellen is right that using the dollar to push countries around is no wayto make or keep friends. America has not placed secondary sanctions on countrieslike India which still trade with Russia, because it fears the backlash that would result. Although a shift to a multipolar system of currencies is not imminent, itcould occur later this century as America’s share of the world economy shrinks. Sucha system would be inherently less stable than one centred on the dollar—so it would be in the interests of neither America nor the world to hasten the shift.长难句：1.原文：Yet high inflation, fractious geopolitics and the sanctions imposed by America and its allies on countries such as Russia have lately caused dollar-doubters to become vocal once again.2.分析：本句的结构是主谓宾，主语是high inflation, fractious geopolitics and the sanctions，谓语是 have lately caused ，宾语是dollar-doubters ；to become vocal once again是宾补。

24 Solar Terms: 8 things you may not know aboutFrost's Descent24节气:关于霜降你可能不知道的8件事The traditional Chinese lunar calendar dividesthe year into 24 solar terms. Frost's Descent,(Chinese: 霜降), the 18th solar term of the year,begins this year on Oct 23 and ends on Nov 6.中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。

霜降，(中文:霜降)，一年的第18个节气，今年从10月23日开始，到11月6日结束。

Frost's Descent is the last solar term of autumn, during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear.霜降是秋季的最后一个节气，这段时间天气变得比以前冷得多，开始出现霜冻。

Here are eight things you should know about Frost's Descent.以下是你应该知道的关于霜降的八件事。

Frosty autumn 结霜的秋天Frost consists of white ice crystals of frozen water vapor near the ground. During Frost's Descent, frost begins to appear. But in the lower reaches of the Yellow River region, frost first appears in late October or early November. As Frost's Descent comes, the world is filled with the atmosphere of late autumn.NOTES✪红色：词汇☑蓝色：短语※黄色：语法总结，长难句阅读综合练习在文后✪descent /dɪˈsent/n.下降,下倾☑Frost's Descent：霜降※during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear ：定语从句，关系词which在代替Frost's Descent 从句中做介词during的宾语。

24 Solar Terms: 9 things you may not know aboutStart of Autumn24节气:关于立秋你可能不知道的9件事The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24solar terms. Start of Autumn, (Chinese: 立秋), the 13th solarterm of the year, begins this year on Aug 7 and ends on Aug 21.中国传统阳历将一年分为24个节气。

立秋，(中文:立秋)，今年的第13个节气，从8月7日开始，到8月21日结束。

Start of Autumn reflects the end of summer and the beginningof autumn. The fruitful season is approaching.立秋反映了夏末秋初。

硕果累累的季节即将来临。

In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips that correspond with each term.在中国，二十四节气是几千年前创造的，用来指导农业生产。

但是节气文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式甚至与每个节气对应的健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。

The following are 9 things you should know about Start of Autumn.以下是你应该知道的关于立秋的9件事。

外刊精读让马拉松变得更环保导读：似乎在世界各地，每个主要的大城小镇都会举办年度马拉松比赛。

成千上万的参赛运动员要经受艰难的体能考验，跑完42.1 公里的赛程。

和其它大型比赛一样，马拉松比赛也会产生大量的碳足迹。

数千人乘坐飞机前来参赛或观赛，观众和运动员留在赛道的食物垃圾、包装袋、礼品袋等等。

本期《外刊精读》讨论相关部门针对马拉松比赛所采取的各项环保措施。

一、语篇泛读Even if you’re a couch potato like me, you’ll know the benefits of running - pounding the pavements, working up a sweat, burning off some calories and generally keeping fit. But if you’re a real fitness junkie, the ultimate running challenge is to take part in a marathon.It seems every major city and town aro und the world hosts an annual marathon, with thousands of athletes running a gruelling 42.1 kilometers. Whilst many runners’ motivation is to beat their personal best and cross the finishing line without collapsing, they’re also doing it for a good cause– to generate funds for charity. But like other major events, the marathon also generates a massive carbon footprint. Thousands travel - some by plane - to the location, and waste from food packaging and goody bags gets left behind by spectators and runners. For example, during the London Marathon in 2018, 47,000plastic bottles were collected, although some were recycled.This is becoming a big issue for cities –how to host a worthwhile event, encouraging people to exercise and help charities, whilst protecting the environment? Several cities have developed formal plans to reduce their environmental impact and promote sustainable ideas. One event in Wales, for example, introduced recycling for old running kit and ethically sourced the race t-shirts.It’s something that this year’s London Marathon tried to tackle by reducing the number of drink stations on the running route, giving out water in paper cups and offering some drinks in edible seaweed capsules. They also trialed new bottle belts made from recycled plastic so 700 runners could carry water bottles with them during their run. London Marathon event director Hugh Brasner told the三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。

外刊精读与练习每周只工作四天导读：你热爱自己的工作吗？一想到要工作一整天，你是无比期待，还是惴惴不安？对于有些人来说，从星期一开始就数着日子，盼着星期五能早早到来，好在周末时光逃离繁琐枯燥的日常事务。

难道我们非要带着这种情绪工作吗？本集《外刊精读》探讨减少工作时间和提高成效之间的联系。

一、语篇泛读Vocabulary: work 词汇: 工作Do you enjoy working? Does the prospect of a day in the office fill you with excitement or dread? And when you're at your desk do you spend your time?clock-watching?–longing for the moment when it's time to switch off your computer and head for home? For some of us, we start the working week on Monday and count the days until Fri day when the weekend begins and we have a break from?the daily grind. But does it have to be this way?Hopefully, working brings us some pleasure. And there's the chance of?career development?and a?pay rise. But surely there is a life outside the office to be enjoyed. And if life is for living, then maybe we should get on living it! Maybe that's why some people are questioning whether a five-day working week is right for?employees?and?employers?alike?It's something BBC journalist, Ashitha Nagesh has been i nvestigating. She's said although technology is supposed to make our working lives easier, giving us more?leisure time, "tech has arguably had the opposite effect - it's enabled an 'always-on' culture that means even when you go home, the work doesn't stop." It seems we need to do something to find a better?work-life balance.The company Prospect Guardian trialed a four-day week earlier this year and reportedly found workers were less?stressed?and had a better work-life balance when they had an extra day of f in the week, but were still paid for five days. This, in turn,三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。

外刊每日精读 | When viruses are good for you文章脉络【1】抗生素对于现代医学至关重要，但效力正在减弱，一些细菌已经进化出耐药性，目前还没有应对的有效治疗方法。

【2】限制使用新抗生素有助于限制对新药的耐药性传播，但也限制了销售，对大多数制药公司来说，新抗生素是个没有吸引力的提议。

【3】各国政府的努力只带来了有限的改善，但将噬菌体作为替代方案也值得一看。

【4】用一种致病生物来对抗另一种致病生物有几个好处。

【5】噬菌体的问题在于，相对而言，人们对其知之甚少。

考虑到抗生素耐药性问题的严重性，找到更多的噬菌体是个好主意。

【6】噬菌体的发展阻碍。

【7】政府可以为噬菌体的发展应用提供帮助。

【8】抗生素本身的历史表明，政府可以帮助推动私营部门采取行动。

经济学人原文Bacteriophages：When viruses are good for youBacteria-killing viruses could help avert an antibiotics crisis【1】antibiotics are vital to modern medicine. Their ability tokill bacteria without harming the patient has saved billions of lives directly and made everything from caesarean sections to chemotherapy much safer.Life expectancy would drop by a third if they did not exist. But after decadesof overuse their powers are fading. Some bacteria have evolved resistance, creating a growing army of “superbugs” against which there is no effective treatment. Antimicrobial resistance is expected to kill 10m people a year by 2050, up from around 1m in 2019.【2】It would be unwise to rely on new antibiotics to solve the problem. The rate at which resistance emerges is accelerating. Some new drugs last only two years before bacteria devise counter-measures. When new antibiotics do arrive, doctors often hoard them, prescribing them only grudgingly and for short periods when faced with the most intransigent infections. That helps limit the spreadof resistance to new drugs. But it also limits sales, makingnew antibiotics an unattractive proposition for most pharmaceuticalfirms.【3】Governments have been trying to fix the problem by funnelling cash into research and taking stakes in drug firms. That has producedonly limited improvements. But there is a promising, if obscure, alternative that is also worth a look. Microbiologists have known for decades that disease-causing bacteria can suffer from illnesses of their own. They are susceptible to attack by bacteriophages (“phages” for short):specialised viruses that infectbacteria, and often kill them.【4】Using one disease-causing organism to fight another has several advantages. Like antibiotics, phages are picky in their choice of target, leaving human cells alone even as they infect and destroy bacterial ones. Unlike antibiotics, phages can evolve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria do develop resistance, the phages may be able to evolve around it in turn.【5】That, at least, is the theory. The trouble with phages is that comparatively little is known about them. After the discovery of penicillin, the first antibiotic, in 1928, they were largely ignored in the West. Only the Soviet Union, powered by research and production facilities in Georgia, continued to use them. Given the gravity ofthe antibiotic-resistance problem, it would be a good idea to find out more.【6】The first step is to run more clinical trials. Interest from Western firms is growing. But it is being held back by the fact that phages are an even less appealing investment than antibiotics. Since they are natural organisms there may betrouble patenting them, making it hard to recoup any investment.【7】Governments can help. They could fund basic research into phage therapy, and clarify the law around exactly what is and is not patentable. In time they could set up phage banks and manufacturing processes, so as to make production cheaper. And they could spread awareness of the risks of overusing antibiotics, andthe potential benefits of phages. I f you are put off by the thought of ingesting a virus, consider that penicillin was a mould.【8】Going viralThe history of antibiotics themselves shows that governments can help nudge the private sector into action. penicillin was largely ignored at first by doctors,who regarded it as too difficult to produce. It took the tragedy of the second world war, and the intervention of the American and British governments, to kick-start the modern antibiotics industry. Compared with a war, antibiotic resistance is a slow--burning problem. Nonetheless, the time to act is now.长难句：原文：Some bacteria have evolved resistance, creating a growing army of “superbugs”against which there is no effective treatment.分析：本句含限定性定语从句。

高考英语外刊时文精读精练(25)Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping to Make Art跑步者和骑行者使用GPS地图进行艺术创作主题语境：人与自我主题语境内容：文学、艺术与体育【外刊出处】The New York Times 《纽约时报》【外刊导读】你是不是也经常在朋友圈看到好友晒出的跑步路线图？各种运动APP 可以帮人们轻松记录跑步时长、路线等数据。

很多人甚至利用APP的这项功能来精心设计自己的运动轨迹，就能绘制出想要的图案。

这种绘画形式被称为“GPS艺术”。

【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。

）In 1665, Johannes Vermeer dabbed（轻涂）the last drop of paint onto a canvas in his Dutch studio, completing his masterpiece "Girl With a Pearl Earring."On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer's masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as "GPS art" — a practice that uses the mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings using a route across the landscape. The hobby has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people.It is particularly popular on Strava and often referred to as "Strava art". Strava art has existed since that app’s release in 2009, but it experienced a surge in use during the pandemic. According to the company, more than three billion activities have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.Steve Lloyd, Strava’s chief product and technology officer, said in an email that increased usage of GPS devices has resulted in more detailed maps, which has improved the quality and complexity of the art.The art form even has its own Guinness World Records categories. A couple completed a 4,500-mile bike ride across Europe (while blogging the journey) that resulted in a 600-mile-wide GPS drawing of a bicycle —the largest such drawing on record.Each creator uses a slightly different process. Ms. Strong said she will see if the lines of a map inspire something. For example, on a visit to Cape Cod she noticed certain streets formed the shape of a shark tail, and took it from there.“The crazy thing is that you sort of don’t know where the map takes you; you just go with it,” Mr. Strong said. “I always end up with what I’m looking for.”【链接高考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

外刊每日精读 | ‘Shrinkflation’文章脉络【1】英国食品行业的“缩水式通胀”让消费者感到担忧。

【2】英国消费者的生活水平下降削减了消费支出。

【3】英国零售商协会报告也显示，食品销售大幅下滑。

【4】英国服务业增长强劲。

【5】英国服务业经济面临巨大的薪资压力。

【6】英国新车市场保持上升趋势。

经济学人原文‘Shrinkflation’ ：Polling reveals consumers’ concern overbrands downsizing products【1】Hard-pressed consumers feel they are becoming victims of food industry “shrinkflation” amid signs the UK’s persistent cost of living crisis is making households more alert to the need to get value for money. With food prices up by almost 20% in the past year, the latest snapshot of consumer activity from Barclays found households were concentrating spending on essentials and increasingly concerned that manufacturers were reducing the size of products such as chocolate bars and packets of crisps. Two-thirds of shoppers had noticedproducts shrinking while the price had remained the same or even increased. In response, 20% said they were switching away from products that had been downsized by manufacturers to instead buy in bulk.【2】A separate survey from the British Retail Consortium (BRC) also found spending being squeezed by falling living standards, with no evidence that last month’s three bank holidays had provided a boost. Esme Harwood, a director at Barclays, said: “Consumers are still paying close attention to their everyday spending, and we are seeing growing concerns around shrinkflation in the weekly shop. Many are having to forgo discretionary purchases to off set rising food prices, with clothing and restaurants most impacted.” Barclays said consumer card spending grew by 3.6% year on year in May – less than half the latest inflation rate of 8.7% and lower than the 4.3% in April. Spending on non-essential items increased just 3% due to consumers cutting back to manage household bills, while spending on groceries rose by 8.9% – the highest rate of increase in more than two years.【3】The BRC reported a similar pattern. The retailers’ lobby group said the value of sales was 3.9% higher in May than in the same month a year ago, but saidonce adjusted for inflation there had been a hefty drop in sales volumes. Helen Dickinson, the BRC’s chief executive, said: “The trio of bank holidays failed to get shoppers spending as sales growth slowed to its lowest level in six months. While food sales got a boost from the coronation weekend, this was not sustained for the rest of the month. Meanwhile, growth in discretionary spend continued to tumble as the high cost of living squeezed households. There was cause for some optimism, however, as brighter weather at the end of the month led to a much-needed pick up in summer fashion sales, as well as gardening and DIY products.”【4】The latest monthly health check of the UK’s service sector said rising wages were pushing up business costs and prompting companies to raise prices. TheS&P/Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply (Cips) purchasing managers’ survey found upward pressure on pay had not prevented strong growth for the sector last month, with the business activity index above 50 for a fourth month. Readings above 50indicate an expanding sector.【5】Tim Moore, the economic indices director at S&P global market intelligence, which compiled the survey, said: “Intense wage pressures continued across the service economy, despite a moderation in employment growth. Higher salary payments more than offset lower fuel costs, which meant that overall inputprice inflation edged up to its strongest for three months in May. Averageprices charged by service sector companies nonetheless increased at the second-weakest pace since August 2021 amid some reports of greater price resistance among clients.”【6】Fresh data from the Society of Motor manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) showed new car registrations rose 16.7% in May to 145,204.While registrations remained 21% below their level in May 2019 – the last year before the start of the Covid -19pandemic – last month’s increase marked the 10th rise ina row, the longest period of uninterrupted growth since 2015. Mike Hawes , the SMMT’s chief executive, said: “After the difficult, Covid-constrained supply issues of the last few years, it’s good to see the new car market maintain its upward trend and the fact that growth is, increasingly, green growth is hugely encouraging.”。

24 Solar Terms: 6 things you may not know about MinorHeat24节气:关于小暑你可能不知道的6件事The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into24 solar terms. Minor Heat, (Chinese: 小暑), the 11th solarterm of the year, begins on July 7 this year and ends on July22.中国传统阳历将一年分为24个节气。

小暑，(中文:小暑)，一年中的第11个节气，今年7月7日开始，7月22日结束。

Minor Heat signifies the hottest period is coming but the extreme hot point has yet to arrive.小暑意味着最热的时期即将到来，但极端的热点还没有到来。

In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips that correspond with each term.在中国，二十四节气是几千年前创造的，用来指导农业生产。

但是节气文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式甚至与每个节气对应的健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。

The following are 6 things you need to know about Minor Heat.以下是你需要知道的关于小热量的6件事。

高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (3)Carbon emissions碳排放Seeing footprints in the air看到空中的碳足迹主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：环境保护【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇,认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇,需熟记。

）Chris Jones of the University of California, Berkeley, was on a river in the Amazon rainforest when he put the fin ishing touches on the world’s first online household carbon calculator(计算器). That was in 2005. He hoped that, if he could show people how much greenhouse gas was associated with daily activities—driving the car, heating the house—they might change their behaviour and contribute in some small measure to saving the Amazon. Seventeen years later, trackers are providing a wealth of often-neglect ed information about the carbon emissions of everyday life. They provide local and micro data which usefully supplement the global findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Trackers work by asking users to answer questions such as: how many miles a year do you drive; how much is your annual household electricity bill; how often do you eat meat? They then calculate a personal or household estimate of emissions of carbon-dioxide equivalent (CO2e,二氧化碳当量排放量) per year. Alex Beale, a climate blogger in Atlanta who has studied them, reckons there are dozens of household carbon trackers and hundreds of specialist ones, including those which calculate emissions from food or other industries, such as a new one from the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) to track emissions from shipping. For individuals, reckons Mr Beale, the most comprehensive are the Cool Climate tracker run by Dr Jones at Berkeley and the calculator set up by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and SEI. What do they tell us?Dr Jones describes the main household polluting activities as “cars, coal, cows and consumption,roughly in that order”. By f ar the largest single source of emissions is the family vehicle. One car of average fuel efficiency driven 14,000 miles (22,500km) spews out 7 tonnes of carbon, according to Dr Jones’s tracker. Swapping it for an electric vehicle would save over 6 tonnes, or an eighth of the average American household’s yearly emissions.No other change would generate that much saving, though electricity in the home is responsible for over 5 tonnes of carbon emissions a year, so generating itwith solar panels（太阳能电池板） would come close . Like electric vehicles, a roof full of solar panels is not cheap. Changing diets costs less, and American households consume meat worth 2.7 tonnes of CO2e a year, far more than most people. If Americans went vegetarian（素食者）, that would be like half an average solar roof.These household averages, however,disguise what may be the most important thing carbon trackers reveal: that apparently similar households produce very different emissions. By combining their tracker’s results with postal（邮政的）code data, the University of California team worked out average emissions by area. Places with high emissions—mostly suburbs（郊区）—produce four or five times as much carbon as inner cities or rural areas, a much larger multiple than might have been expecte d. Chicago’s households produce37 tonnes of CO2e a year; suburban Eola’s, some35 miles (56km) from the Windy City, emit96 tonnes. This is not only because of commuting（通勤）. Trips to and from work account for less than a fifth of miles driven; the rest are to shops, schools and so on.Even more striking is the difference air travel makes. The average household contribution from flying is 1.5 tonnes, less than a car. But half of Americans never fly. According to Cool Climate, flying 100,000 miles a yearproduces a stunning（惊人的）43 extra tonnes of CO2. If jet-set households were to cut their travel sharply, they would have a disproportionate（不成比例的）effect on emissions. They might even do something for the Amazon.Over the next 30 years, many countries are promising to move to net-zero carbon, imply ing that household emissions will have to be cut to close to nothing. Stephanie Roe, WWF’s lead climate scientist, reckons that, at best, half the reduction might be achieved through demand-side measures, such as behavioural changes by individuals and households. And even that would require companies and governments to provide more incentives（激励）to change through supply-side investments to make low-carbon options cheaper and more widely available.Trackers, it seems, have daunting（令人怯步的）lessons for public bodies and private households alike.【课标词汇】1.associate将…（与…）联系起来,把…联系在一起Most people associate this brand with good quality.大多数人把这个品牌和优良品质联系在一起。

24 Solar Terms: 7things you may not know about MajorHeat24节气:关于大暑你可能不知道的7件事The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24solar terms. Major Heat, (Chinese: 大暑), the 12th solar termof the year, begins this year on July 22 and ends August 6.中国传统阳历将一年分为24个节气。

大暑，(中文:大暑)，一年中的第12个节气，今年从7月22日开始，到8月6日结束。

During Major Heat, most parts of China enter the hottestseason of the year.大热期间，中国大部分地区进入一年中最热的季节。

In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of yearsago to guide agricultural production. But solar term culture isstill useful today to guide people's lives through special foods,cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips thatcorrespond with each term.在中国，二十四节气是几千年前创造的，用来指导农业生产。

但是节气文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式甚至与每个节气对应的健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。

The following are 7 things you should know about Major Heat. 以下是关于大暑你应该知道的7件事。

1There was once a velveteen rabbit, and in the beginning he was really splendid. He was fat and bunchy, as a rabbit should be; his coat was spotted brown and white, he had real thread whiskers, and his ears were lined with pink sateen. On Christmas morning, when he sat wedged in the top of the Boy’s stocking, with a sprig of holly between his paws, the effect was charming.There were other things in the stocking, nuts and oranges and a toy engine, and chocolate almonds and a clockwork mouse, but the Rabbit was quite the best of all. For at least two hours the Boy loved him, and then Aunts and Uncles came to dinner, and there was a great rustling of tissue paper and unwrapping of parcels, and in the excitement of looking at all the new presents the Velveteen Rabbit was forgotten.For a long time he lived in the toy cupboard or on the nursery floor, and no one thought very much about him. He was naturally shy, and being only made of velveteen, some of the more expensive toys quite snubbed him. The mechanical toys were very superior, and looked down upon every one else; they were full of modern ideas, and pretended they were real. The model boat, who had lived through two seasons and lost most of his paint, caught the tone from them and never missed an opportunity of referring to his rigging in technical terms. The Rabbit could not claim to be a model of anything, for he didn’t know that real rabbits existed; he thought they were all stuffed with sawdust like himself, and he understood that sawdust was quite out-of-date and should never be mentioned in modern circles. Even Timothy, the jointed wooden lion, who was made by the disabled soldiers, and should have had broader views, put on airs and pretended he was connected with Government. Between them all the poor little Rabbit was made to feel himself very insignificant and commonplace, and the only person who was kind to him at all was the Skin Horse.从前有一只平绒兔，一开始它真的很漂亮。

高考英语外刊时文精读精练(18)Asparagus,Getting picky芦笋, 越来越难伺候主题语境：人与社会主题语境内容：科技发距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。

）Asparagus（芦笋） is a very odd vegetable. It can grow up to 2cm in an hour. Cut a field one afternoon, return the next morning, and with almost frightening speed it will be back. Whereas other vegetables spend time producing leaves, asparagus grows as single spears（嫩茎）,making it superbly suited to robotic pickers.In late June a small white object slowly makes its way along a field of asparagus inGloucestershire. When it passes over a group of spears it pauses, whirrs then clunks: the asparagus has been sliced. This robot called Sprout is being developed by a London startup called Muddy Machines. It is more inflexible on wheels than Ex Machina android. However John Chinn, Britain’s largest asparagus producer, regards it with enthusiasm. For him, he says, it could be “fantastic”.The world is suffering from a shortage of seasonal workers. Last summer Mr Chinn needed 1,300 workers. He got around 800. Trying to find labour is, for a farmer, “the thing that stops you sleeping”. The shortage of workers is particularly acute in Britain, where Brexit (英国脱欧) has been spoiling harvests as well as growth.Now, it is a time to innovate. Moravec’s paradox(莫拉维克悖论) states that computers find things simple that humans find hard—and vice versa. Differential calculus(微分学)? Not a problem. Telling the difference between a ripe strawberry and a stone? Really hard. Harvesting is especially ripe for robotic puzzlement. Leaves confuse them; bumps puzzle them; colour prevents them. In 2015 Joe Jones, a roboticist whose inventions include the Roomba, a vacuum cleaner, was considering new areas to explore, and started to make a list of which crops a robot might be able to pick most easily. He considered different variables (变量)that “would make it easy for a robot to handle”,then scored each crop out of 12. “And what crop,” he wrote on his blog, “came out on top?”In the fields of Gloucestershire is the answer. Sprout crawls forward; pauses. Another whirr, whoosh, clunk. It is a prototype, but Mr Chinn is optimistic. His dream would be to see a herd of 100 in his fields next year. He needs them. The stress is now so bad that “If we can’t find a solution we’ll all give up soon.” A time to plant. And a time to stop even bothering.【课标词汇精讲】1．odd奇怪的，古怪的；异常的；出人意料的What an odd thing to say.说起来多古怪的一件事啊。