五大基本句型四之主谓宾宾
- 格式:doc
- 大小:15.50 KB
- 文档页数:2
四会句型的意思
四会句型是指中文中的四种基本句型,即主谓、主谓宾、主谓表和主谓双宾。
1. 主谓句型:句子中只有主语和谓语,没有宾语。
这种句型常用来陈述事实或描述主语的状况。
例如:“他哭了。
”、“我去了学校。
”、“她跑得很快。
”
2. 主谓宾句型:句子中有主语、谓语和宾语。
主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承受者。
这种句型常用来表达动作的执行与承受关系。
例如:“他吃了饭。
”、“我爱你。
”、“她读书。
”
3. 主谓表句型:句子中有主语、谓语和表语。
表语是用来说明主语的状态、性质或特征的词语。
这种句型常用来表达主语的特征或状态。
例如:“他是医生。
”、“这个问题很困难。
”、“她看起来很高兴。
”
4. 主谓双宾句型:句子中有主语、谓语和两个宾语。
一个宾语表示动作的直接对象,另一个宾语表示动作的间接对象。
这种句型常用来表达给予或转交某种东西的动作。
例如:“我送他一本书。
”、“他借我钢笔。
”、“她买给我一个礼物。
”。
英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。
不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi。
的就是不及物动词。
不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。
若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise(好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen-—Eragon注)等等.如:The students work very hard。
学生们学习很努力.She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。
The accident happened yesterday evening。
事故是昨天晚上发生的。
(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth。
+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb。
”这一结构来表达-—Eragon注)基本句型二:SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注)Subject(主语)+Link。
V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后.——Eragon注)这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态的连系动词.这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain,等等。
五种基本句型__主谓宾宾(宾补)结构_实⽤练习加详细解析五种基本句型——主谓宾宾(宾补)结构主语+谓语+宾语(somebody)+宾语(something)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补⾜语这个句型的语后⾯有两个宾语,这两个宾语放在⼀起叫双宾语(直接宾语+直接宾语)例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.这⾥“me”和“a book”⼀⼈⼀物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语:前⼀个宾语称为"间接宾语",多由代词或名词充当,通常为“⼈”;后⼀个宾语称为"直接宾语",往往由名词充当,通常为“物”。
这类句型常有"给某⼈某物"、"送某⼈某物"、"留给某⼈某物"等意思。
常见的这类谓语动词有:give(给某⼈……),bring(带给某⼈……), bring somebody somethingtell(告诉某⼈……), tell somebody somethingsend(送给某⼈……), send somebody somethingleave(留给某⼈……), leave somebody somethingpass(递给某⼈……), pass somebody somethingread(给某⼈读……), read somebody somethingwrite(给某⼈写……), write somebody somethingtake(给某⼈拿……), take somebody somethingshow(给某⼈看……), show somebody somethingteach(教给某⼈……), teach somebody somethingget(给某⼈弄到……), get somebody somethinglend(借给某⼈……), lend somebody somethingbuy(给某⼈买……), buy somebody somethingpay(⽀付给某⼈……), pay somebody somethinghand(递给某⼈……) 。
五种基本句型——主谓宾宾(宾补)布局之袁州冬雪创作主语+谓语+宾语(somebody)+宾语(something)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语这个句型的语后面有两个宾语,这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语(直接宾语+直接宾语)例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语:前一个宾语称为"间接宾语",多由代词或名词充当,通常为“人”;后一个宾语称为"直接宾语",往往由名词充当,通常为“物”.这类句型常有"给或人某物"、"送或人某物"、"留给或人某物"等意思.罕见的这类谓语动词有:give(给或人……),bring(带给或人……), bring somebody somethingtell(告诉或人……), tell somebody somethingsend(送给或人……), send somebody somethingleave(留给或人……), leave somebody somethingpass(递给或人……), pass somebody somethingread(给或人读……), read somebody somethingwrite(给或人写……), write somebody somethingtake(给或人拿……), take somebody somethingshow(给或人看……), show somebody somethingteach(教给或人……), teach somebody somethingget(给或人弄到……), get somebody somethinglend(借给或人……), lend somebody somethingbuy(给或人买……), buy somebody somethingpay(支付给或人……), pay somebody somethinghand(递给或人……) .hand somebody something注:上面各词的中文释义是决心依照该词的常常使用动词句型而给的,以便于大家更好地懂得该词出现于哪一个基本句型中.例如:She brought me a shirt .她给我带来一件衬衣.Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他.I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了.五种基本句型之主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语语法书上又叫做主语+谓语+复合宾语,这里的复合宾语=宾语+宾语补足语,宾语补足语:例子:ask somebody to do something (邀请或人做某事)tell somebody to do something (告诉或人做某事)want somebody to do something (要求或人做某事)1、 I asked him to have dinner.谓语宾语宾语补足语2、 He told me to clean the room.谓语宾语宾语补足语3、 Tom wanted me to meet him .谓语宾语宾语补足语第一个句子,我邀请他吃饭,他(him)是作邀请(asked)的宾语,如果后面没有to have dinner ,句子意思就不完整,我邀请他,干什么呢?没说清楚,于是就有 to have dinner来帮忙说清楚,是吃饭的,在这里的to have dinner 就是宾语补足语,这是动词不定式短语作宾补.to do 是动词不定式,但是如果动词不定式中的动词带有宾语或者动词不定式中的动词有副词来修饰,这时的动词不定式就成为不定式短语了.比方 to do something 就是动词不定式短语,换句话说:这里 to have(动词不定式) to have dinner(动词不定式短语).又比方:to run是动词不定式to run fast 是动词不定式短语).上面的三个句子都是不定式短语作宾语缺乏语来帮忙宾语来补偿说明.罕见宾补的类型: doing \不带to的动词不定式\介词短语\形容词等等.请看下面的例句,注意观察划线的部分是有什么作的宾语补足语.:1、I saw a thief stealing something. 我看到一个贼正在偷东西2、He made me go home他让我回家3、Her mother kept her in the room . 她的妈妈让她待在房间里此句型的关键是记住那些动词后面是跟什么样的宾补.比方:我们可以说 ask somebody to do something (to do something 作宾补)我们就不克不及说 ask somebody doing something下面记住动词后面跟什么样的宾补口诀:1.动词后面是跟带to的动词不定式(动词不定式可以分为带to的动词不定式和不带to的不定式两种,不带to的不定式实际上就是动词原形)作宾补的order somebody to do somethingwant somebody to do somethingtell somebody to do somethinginvite somebody to do somethingask somebody to do somethingbeg somebody to do something(注意上面的有六个单词可以跟动词不定式作宾补,我们可以依照语气的强弱来记忆这几个单词:饬令>要求>告诉>邀请>请求>乞求)此外,还有 advise somebody to do somethingallow somebody to do somethingwarn somebody to do somethingteach somebody to do something2. 动词后面可以跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补的口决:一感二听三让五看半帮忙这里:一感(feel)二听(hear\listen to )三让(let \make\have)五看(see\watch\notice\observe\look at)半帮忙(help).即:feel hear listen to let make leave somebody do sth see watch notice observe look at help4. 动词后面是跟doing作宾补的,可以借助上面的句子来记忆,上面的单词中除了三让(have\let\make)半帮忙(help)不克不及跟dong作宾补之外,其它都是可以的.(即:一感二听五看,实际上它们都属于感官动词)操练四一断定下列句子是主谓+双宾语布局还是主谓+复合宾语,如果是主谓+复合宾语,请指出复合宾语是由什么充当的.1. I watch the boy playing foot ball.2. My good friend told me a story3. Tom lent me a pencil.4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight .5. I looked at her flying a kite .6. Please hand me the paper .7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.8. He wanted you to go with him.9. Lu Yang told the little boy to go home.10. She asks me to help her . 11. My parents leave me some money .12. Lucy leads me a pencil . 13. Mother got me some tea .14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room. 15. He showed me her photos .16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star.17. Mom let me in. 18. The rich man bought his son an MP4.19. The teacher observes the boy sleep. 20. Theteacher made her monitor.21. I saw the baby cry. 22. I paid him three yuan .23. He passed me an eraser. 24. Lucy heard her neighbor singing25. Tom teaches us English. 26. They asked the teacher to explain it again .27. Let me read you his letter . 28. Would you sing us an English song ?29. I will lend you something. 30. Did you notice me leave the house操练四答案1. I watch the boy playing foot ball.我看到阿谁男孩在踢足球.主谓+宾语+宾补.playing foot ball做宾补2. My good friend told me a story我的好朋友给我讲了一个故事.主谓+双宾3. Tom lent me a pencil.汤姆借给我一个铅笔.主谓+双宾4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight.李利注意到两个狗在打架.主谓+宾语+宾补,fight做宾补5. I looked at her flying a kite.我看到她在放风筝.主谓+宾语+宾补.flying a kite做宾补6. Please hand me the paper .请递给我一张纸.主谓+双宾7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs. 那头狮子饬令那只母鸡给他一些鸡蛋.主谓+宾语+宾补.to give him some eggs做宾补8. He wanted you to go with him.他要你一起跟他去.主谓+宾语+宾补.to go with him做宾补9. Li Yang told the little boy to go home.李扬叫阿谁小男孩回家.主谓+宾语+宾补.to go home做宾补10. She asks me to help her .她请我去帮忙她.主谓+宾语+宾补.to help her做宾补11. My parents leave me some money .我的父母亲留给我一些钱.主谓+双宾12. Tom leads me a pencil .汤姆借给我一只铅笔.主谓+双宾13. Mother got me some tea .妈妈给我取了一些茶.主谓+双宾14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room.李蕾发现有100元在房间里/李蕾在房间里发现了100元.主谓+宾语+宾补.in the room做宾补15. He showed me her photos .他让我看了看她的照片.主谓+双宾16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star.那些粉丝们让林豪杰成为一个明星.主谓+双宾17. Mom let me in.妈妈让我出来.主谓+宾语+宾补.in做宾补18. The rich man bought his son an MP4.阿谁有钱人给他的儿子买了一个MP4.主谓+双宾19. The teacher observes the boy sleep.阿谁教师观察到阿谁男孩睡觉了.主谓+宾语+宾补.sleep做宾补20. The teacher made her monitor.教师让她做班长.主谓+双宾21. I saw the baby cry.我看到阿谁男孩哭了.主谓+宾语+宾补.cry做宾补22. I paid him three yuan .我付给他三元.主谓+双宾23. He passed me an eraser.他递给我一个橡皮.主谓+双宾24. She heard her neighbor singing她听到她的邻人在唱歌.主谓+宾语+宾补.singing做宾补25. Tom teaches us English.汤姆教我们英语.主谓+双宾26. They asked the teacher to explain it again .他们请教师在诠释一遍.主谓+宾语+宾补.to explain it again做宾补27. Let me read you his letter .让我给你读读他的信.主谓+双宾28. Would you sing us an English song ?你可以给我们唱支英文歌吗?主谓+双宾29. I will lend you a book .我将借给你`一本书.主谓+双宾30. Did you notice me leave the house?你注意到我分开房子吗?主谓+双宾。
四主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语谓语动词:双宾动词,即这种动词后所接的成分有人又有物。
一般来讲,“人”是动作的接受者,是间接宾语。
“物”表示动作的作用对象,是动作的承受者,是直接宾语。
I 句式1当间接宾语后移时,间接宾语前可以加to仍不改变句意He showed the guard his passport.He showed his passport to the guard.这样的动词还有:bring, feed, give, grant, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, promise, post, read, recommend, sell, send, show, take, write例:Please bring me the book.Don’t feed the dog too much meet.You should grant them access only to the resources that they require.II 句式2当间接宾语后移时,间接宾语前可以加for仍不改变句意I am going to buy her a gift.I am going to buy a gift for her.这样的动词还有:book, buy, choose,fetch, find, get, keep, make, order, prepare, sing例:She booked me a seat.She made herself a big cake.III 句式3当间接宾语后移时,间接宾语前可以加of 仍不改变句意(这种特殊动词只需了解,不需求掌握)Can I ask you a question?Can I ask a question of you?I have a question to ask of you.I have a big favor to ask of you.IV 句式4有个别动词只用于“主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构,不能用介词来替换I bet you ten dollars.The requirement charged me ten dollars.V 简单句叠加成复杂难句Her work won her the Nobel Prize in 1993.Her work in genetics won United States scientist Barbara McClintock the Nobel Prize in 1993.。
精品文档五种基本句型——主谓宾宾(宾补)结构主语+谓语+宾语(somebody)+宾语(something)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语这个句型的语后面有两个宾语,这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语(直接宾语+直接宾语)例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语:前一个宾语称为"间接宾语",多由代词或名词充当,通常为“人”;后一个宾语称为"直接宾语",往往由名词充当,通常为“物”。
这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
常见的这类谓语动词有:give(给某人……),bring(带给某人……), bring somebody somethingtell(告诉某人……), tell somebody somethingsend(送给某人……), send somebody somethingleave(留给某人……), leave somebody somethingpass(递给某人……), pass somebody somethingread(给某人读……), read somebody somethingwrite(给某人写……), write somebody somethingtake(给某人拿……), take somebody somethingshow(给某人看……), show somebody somethingteach(教给某人……), teach somebody somethingget(给某人弄到……), get somebody somethinglend(借给某人……), lend somebody somethingbuy(给某人买……), buy somebody somethingpay(支付给某人……), pay somebody somethinghand(递给某人……) 。
五种基本句型——主谓宾宾(宾补)结构主语+谓语+宾语(somebody)+宾语(something)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语这个句型的语后面有两个宾语,这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语(直接宾语+直接宾语)例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语:前一个宾语称为"间接宾语",多由代词或名词充当,通常为“人”;后一个宾语称为"直接宾语",往往由名词充当,通常为“物”。
这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
常见的这类谓语动词有:give(给某人……),bring(带给某人……), bring somebody somethingtell(告诉某人……), tell somebody somethingsend(送给某人……), send somebody somethingleave(留给某人……), leave somebody somethingpass(递给某人……), pass somebody somethingread(给某人读……), read somebody somethingwrite(给某人写……), write somebody somethingtake(给某人拿……), take somebody somethingshow(给某人看……), show somebody somethingteach(教给某人……), teach somebody somethingget(给某人弄到……), get somebody somethinglend(借给某人……), lend somebody somethingbuy(给某人买……), buy somebody somethingpay(支付给某人……), pay somebody somethinghand(递给某人……) 。
1.主语+谓语说明“某人或某物如何动作”或“某人或某物自身怎样运动”2.主+谓+宾说明“某人或某物做什么事情”或“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓双宾结构)说明“某人(间接宾语)为谁做某事”或“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓宾补结构)说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某物怎么样”5.主语+have宾语(“拥有”句型)说明“某人或某物拥有什么”宾语可数不可数区别6.There+be+主语+其他(“存在”句型)说明“在某地或某事存在某人或某物”7.主语+系动词+表语(“主系表”结构)说明“某人/某物/某事/某种概念具有什么特征或处于什么状态”常用的系动词:be、keep、lie、remain、stand、become、fall、get、go、grow、turn、look、feel、seem、smell、sound、taste8.比较句型①同级比较:...as+形容词/副词原级+as......as+形容词+名词+as...②差比较:...less+形容词/副词原级+than...③优比较:...+形容词/副词比较级+than......the+形容词/副词比较级+of the two...(两个之中...比较好)④最高级:the+形容词/副词最高级(单数名词/one)+{of(among)+人或物}9.It+is/was+强调部分(主、宾、状)that/who从句(强调句型)说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”It是形式主语,真正的主语是to do结构或that从句◇第一种句型:主语+不及物动词该句型所用动词都是不及物动词,其后当然不能接宾语,但是可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
Herunsfastinthestreet.他在街上跑得飞快。
基本句型四:S+V+o+O(主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
主谓间直
She ordered herself a new dress.
主谓间直
I showed him my pictures.
重点提示
1.此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的
意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。
2.通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接
承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。
课堂练习:
找出各句的主、谓、直宾、间宾各成分。
1.he often gives her books.
2.He often writes letters to her.
3.My father has sent a message to marry.
4.She sometimes brings them beautiful pictures.
5.Uncle will make us a tool-box.
课后练习:
找出各句的主、谓、直宾、间宾各成分。
I bought her some fruit.
I give her some flowers.
I’ll find you a seat.
Aunt Wang often buys them pictures-books.
Will you sing them a song?
课后练习答案:
找出各句的主、谓、直宾、间宾各成分。
主谓间宾直宾
I bought her some fruit.
主谓间宾直宾
I give her some flowers.
主谓直宾间宾
I ’ll find a seat for you.
主谓间宾直宾
Aunt Wang often buys them pictures-books. 主谓直宾间宾
Will you sing a song for them?。