六级语法长难句课件(1)
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5.强调6.省略:分词作定语,独立主格结构2008-61. "United 93" is the first feature film to deal explicitly with the events of September 11, 2001, and is certain to ignite an emotional debate.2. Writer-director Paul Greengrass has gone to great lengths to be respectful in his depiction of what occurred, proceeding with the film only after securing the approval of every victim's family.3. It’s also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates.4. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy-from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami-for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.5. Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico-as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can’t afford to join the merrymaking.6. We are pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice.22007-127.Men, these days,are embracing fatherhood with the round-the-clock involvement their partners have always dreamed of—handling night feedings, packing lunches and bandaging knees.8. As much as if not more so than women, fathers struggle to be taken seriously when they request flexible arrangements.9. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances.10. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned(示意) me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.11. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.12. what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.313. In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders.2007-614. They were both Ph.D. candidates when they devised the search engine which was better than the rest and, without any marketing, spread by word of mouth from early adopters to, eventually, your grandmother.15. Their breakthrough, simply put, was that when their search engine crawled the Web, it did more than just look for word matches, it also tallied (统计) and ranked a host of other critical factors like how websites link to one another.16. their biggest stroke of luck came early on when they tried to sell their technology to other search engines, but no one met their price, and they built it up on their own.17. Government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctively—and wrongly—labeled government only as “a necessary evil.”18. The promise is so extravagant that it predestines many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social consequences, including family breakdown and obesity (.419. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption” of women’s language—which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality—and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media.20. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to “grow into”—after all, it is assign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one’s social relations as well.2006-1221. Losing everything you own under such circumstances can be distressing, but the people I’ve heard from all saw their loss, ultimately as a blessing.22. Using this information, the amygdale appraises a situation—I think this charging dog wants to bite me—and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body.23. This fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals, but no one can say for sure whether beasts other than humans know they’re afraid.24. After all, a little healthy worrying is okay if it leads to constructive action—like having a doctor look at that weird spot on your back.25. He hoped his work at the university would give him insight into how questions of morality5could be applied to places where self-interest flourished.26. What he found wasn’t encouraging. Those would be executives had, says Etzioni, little interest in concepts of ethics and morality in the boardroom—and their professor was met with blank stares when he urged his students to see business in new and different ways.27. From offering classes that teach students how to legally manipulate contracts, to reinforcing the notion of profit over community interests, Etzioni has seen a lot that’s left him shaking his head.2006-628. Movies, Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.29. To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.30. This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.631. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life.32. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.33. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.34. Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.35. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment;and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups.200536.The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories.737.These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.38.The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for “virgin” forest.200339.There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man.40.The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text.实战演练1. Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.2. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world’s first workers’ compensation law in 1884.3. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees of ten know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people.84. Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school.5. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.6. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humour, at least in parent-child relationships.7. An elderly middle class man or woman may be alienated (疏远…) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, regardless of the person’s education, background, or interests.8. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”.9. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.10. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills.11. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.912.But the developing countries may be impoverished (使穷困), with populations growing so rapidly that using the land is a means to temporarily avoid worsening poverty and starvation 13.The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.14.To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.15.It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead.二、总结——长难句分析步骤1、首先确定句子是简单句、复合句或并列句。
六级语法长难句讲义主编许密衫第一节简单句1.1 句子的成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种。
主语:发出动作(名词、代词、动名词)●名词●代词人称代词:(主格)I,you,she,he,(宾格)him,mee.g. He love me.物主代词:my,you‟re,his,her反身代词:myself,yourself,●动名词:doing,going谓语:动词●实意动词●系动词Be动词:is, am, are感官动词:feel, seem, hear●情态动词:can, may, could, would …宾语:承受动作(动作的承受者,名词,代词)e.g. I love a girl.表语:系动词后面出现的e.g.I am a girl.宾语与主语的区别:取决于前面的宾语状语:时间、地点、目的、方式、条件、原因、结果1.2 什么是简单句?相对于从句而言,没有从句的可认为是简单句主语部分(subject group)谓语部分(predicate group)e.g.Professor Ward teaches English to university students.1.2.1 简单句类型●主谓:主语+不及物动词e.g. He smell.●主谓宾:主语+及物动词+宾语e.g. I love a girl.主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语e.g. I wait for you .●主系表:●主谓宾宾:直接宾语,间接宾语I give you a book.●主谓宾宾补(补语:形容词、短语、名词)I find it interesting. 我发现它很有趣。
I make you happy.1.2.2 简单句例句1)The household survey has a larger problem. (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第4段/第1句)S:The household surveyV:has2)That makes finding a solution all the more difficult (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第2段/第5句).S:ThatV:makes3)The urge(to quantify) is embedded in our society(2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第5段/第1句).量化的冲动根植于于我们的社会中I have a plan (to carry out).我有一个(要执行的)计划。
六级语法长难句讲义主编许密衫第一节简单句句子的成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种。
主语:发出动作(名词、代词、动名词)名词代词人称代词:(主格)I, you, she, he,(宾格)him,me. He love me.物主代词:my, you’re, his, her反身代词:myself, yourself,动名词:doing, going谓语:动词实意动词系动词Be动词:is, am, are感官动词:feel, seem, hear情态动词:can, may, could, would …宾语:承受动作(动作的承受者,名词,代词). I love a girl.表语:系动词后面出现的.I am a girl.宾语与主语的区别:取决于前面的宾语状语:时间、地点、目的、方式、条件、原因、结果什么是简单句相对于从句而言,没有从句的可认为是简单句主语部分(subject group)谓语部分(predicate group). Professor Ward teaches English to university students.简单句类型主谓:主语+不及物动词. He smell.主谓宾:主语+及物动词+宾语. I love a girl.主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语. I wait for you .主系表:主谓宾宾:直接宾语,间接宾语I give you a book.主谓宾宾补(补语:形容词、短语、名词)I find it interesting. 我发现它很有趣。
I make you happy.简单句例句1) The household survey has a larger problem. (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第4段/第1句)S:The household surveyV:has2) That makes finding a solution all the more difficult (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第2段/第5句).S:ThatV:makes3) The urge(to quantify) is embedded in our society(2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第5段/第1句).量化的冲动根植于于我们的社会中I have a plan (to carry out).我有一个(要执行的)计划。
六级语法长难句讲义主编许密衫第一节简单句1.1句子的成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种。
主语:发出动作(名词、代词、动名词)●名词●代词人称代词:(主格)I, you, she, he,(宾格)him,mee.g. He love me.物主代词:my, you’re, his, her反身代词:myself, yourself,●动名词:doing, going谓语:动词●实意动词●系动词Be动词:is, am, are感官动词:feel, seem, hear●情态动词:can, may, could, would …宾语:承受动作(动作的承受者,名词,代词)e.g. I love a girl.表语:系动词后面出现的e.g.I am a girl.宾语与主语的区别:取决于前面的宾语状语:时间、地点、目的、方式、条件、原因、结果1.2什么是简单句?相对于从句而言,没有从句的可认为是简单句主语部分(subject group)谓语部分(predicate group)e.g. Professor Ward teaches English to university students.1.2.1简单句类型●主谓:主语+不及物动词e.g. He smell.●主谓宾:主语+及物动词+宾语e.g. I love a girl.主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语e.g. I wait for you .●主系表:●主谓宾宾:直接宾语,间接宾语I give you a book.●主谓宾宾补(补语:形容词、短语、名词)I find it interesting. 我发现它很有趣。
I make you happy.1.2.2 简单句例句1) The household survey has a larger problem. (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第4段/第1句)S:The household surveyV:has2) That makes finding a solution all the more difficult (2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第2段/第5句).S:ThatV:makes3) The urge(to quantify) is embedded in our society(2013年6月第1套/第1篇/第5段/第1句).量化的冲动根植于于我们的社会中I have a plan (to carry out).我有一个(要执行的)计划。
To do不定式做定语。
4) People are generally being given bad advice to slow down,take it easy, stop worrying, and retire to Florida.(2013年12月第2套/第1篇/第2段/第3句)主干:People are generally being given bad advice.具体建议的内容:简单句的扩充星期六(时间状语)我们(主语)在腾讯课堂(地点状语)学(谓语)四级(宾语)。
1.2.3 并列句与从句1)“We’re not educating people about the problem, and it’s getting worse.” (2014年6月/第一篇/第四段/第二句)并列句(不是从句,原因:没有自己的引导词)引导词:and but or 不是从句的引导词!从句引导词:Why what when where who which how that if because so as since2)“You justify carrying devices around the hospital to do medical records, but you can surf Internet or do Facebook, and sometimes Facebook is more tempting,” said Dr. Peter Papadakos at the University of Rochester Medical Center. (2014年6月第3套/第1篇/第3段/第1句)并列句(不是从句,原因:没有自己的引导词)3)The UK enjoys an excellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system, so the government needs to ensure that institu-tions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a2013年12月第3套/第2篇/第4段/第2句)从句结果状语从句宾语从句定语从句1.2.4 复合句与从句复合句(Compound Sentence)分为并列复合句和主从或从属复合句,并列复合句是有并列连词:and、or、but连接;从属复合句由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成从句:1)有自己的主谓2)有引导词(引导词有时候可以省略)。
第二节从句的概念从句:1)有自己的主谓2)有引导词(引导词有时候可以省略)。
2.1简单句?从句?1)Not surprisingly, the costs are steep(2013年12月第1套/第1篇/第1段/第2句).2)This is hardly revolutionary, but it is presented in a charming format (2013年6月第1套/第2篇/第3段/第3句).3)With no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, one credit agency has already downgraded California's debt.4)For most of the 20th century(状语) the home of Silicon Valley and Hollywood has been the brainier and trendier of the two. (2014年6月第1套/第2篇/第1段/第2句).5)Technology can make us smarter or stupider, and we need to develop a set of principles to guide our everyday behavior and make sure that(宾语从句) tech is improving and not impeding our mental processes. (2014年6月第1套/第2篇/第3段/第3句).6)Indeed, evidence from cognitive science challenges the notion that(同位语从句) skills can exist independent of factual knowledge. (2014年6月第1套/第2篇/第3段/第3句).第三节主语从句3.1什么是主语从句?引导词: t hat when why how whether what which who1)主语的部分是一个句子。
这件事让我很郁闷。
It makes me depressed.(That he left )makes me depressed.That 是不能省略的。
2)(明天什么时候开会)还没有定下来。
(When we shall hold the meeting) is not decided yet.汉语多话题英语多主语3.2例句1) A ccounts suggest that he was subjected to cruel beatings and emotional tor-ture,and that he was humiliated (羞辱) constantly by his father,What(主语从句) sets Jackson’s family apart is that(表语从句) his father used his reign of terror to train his children as musicians and dancers(2013年6月第1套/第2篇/第4段/第2句).此处that不能省略,and并列句中that不可省略Train sb as……让杰克逊家庭分崩离析的是他父亲用自己的暴政(威慑手段)来训练孩子成为歌手和舞者。
2)It is essential that a meeting be convened this week.That a meeting be convened this week is essential.本周开会有必要为了避免头重脚轻经常用IT做形式主语。
It is appropriate that this tax (should) be abolished.(That this tax should be abolished)is appropriate废除这项税很合适、恰当。
It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.(That so many people should lose their jobs )is unfair.很多人要失去他们的工作不公平。
3)Furthermore it is obvious ||that (the strength of a country‘s economy is di-rectly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry),|| and that (this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds).再者,显而易见的是,一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关,而效率的提高又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
That 主语从句引导词That 并列不能省略S1 (the strength of a country‘s economy is directly bound up with the effi-ciency of its agriculture and industry)(this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds)V1 isS2 the strength of a country‘s economy ; thisV2 is bound up with; rests upon4)(That he is still alive) is a wonder.他还活着真是一个奇迹。