湖北省高三限时训练08

2008年湖北省黄冈市高三模拟适应考试英语试题本试卷共150分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题在每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；完成句子和书面表达题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上相对应的区域内，答在试题卷上无效。

3．考试结束，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A．＄19.15. B．＄9.15 C．＄9.18答案是B.1．What do we know about the two speakers？A．They’ve missed their train.B．They are on the wrong train.C．They can’t find Tommy on the train.2．How high do today’s ceilings usually measure?A．2.3 meters. B．2.7 meters. C．3.0 meters.3．What are the two speakers talking about？A．A weekend plan. B．A football game. C．A new film.4．How is the man getting to the appointment？A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By train.5．What can we know from the conversation？A．The m an’s sister will leave New York.B．The woman’s sister will leave New York.C．Sam's sister will leave New York.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练一、阅读理解（一）The Huaqing Palace Heritage SiteStar PoolIt was built in 644 A．D．for Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907). It is said that at first there was no cover for the pool so that he could enjoy the shining stars of the night while taking a bath.Tang WellIt has a long history of over 1,300 years and measures 1.9 meters long, 1.26 meters wide and 8.3meters deep. It was used just by Yang Yuhuan for drinking water.Huaqing Hot SpringsThey were named “The Fi Hot Springs in the World” in the Tang Dynasty by Emperor Xuanzong.The water temperature stays at 43℃ all year round. It was first used as an imperial pool during the Zhou Dynasty (1036B．C．-256 B．C．).Imperial Concubine Pool (贵妃池)It was built in 747A．D．for the famous beauty Yang Yuhuan. It takes the shape of a Chinese crabapple (海棠) flower, and is where Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Yuhuan took baths together every winter.Address: At the foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong, 30 kilometers east of Xi’an. Opening hours: From March to November: 7:00-18:00;From December to February: 7:30-18:30.Bus routes: 914, 915, U5, and 306.1. Which of the following has the longest history?A．Star Pool. B．Tang Well.C．Huaqing Hot Springs. D．Imperial Concubine Pool.2. What is special about Imperial Concubine Pool?A．It is half-divided. B．It is flower-shaped.C．It is for drinking. D．It has no cover.3. Where is this text most likely from?A．A diary. B．A guidebook.C．A news report. D．A story book.（二）During the COP27 climate conference (会议) in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, an important deal on “loss and damage” was reached. This was a big step forward because at COP26 conference in Glasgow, Scotland, there were no talks on loss and damage at all. The plan is that richer countries will pay money into a special fund that will be used to help poor countries.Loss and damage means the damaging impact of climate change on developing countries. For nearly 30 years, poorer countries have been asking richer countries formoney to help to protect communities from the effects of climate change. Richer countries have produced the most greenhouse gases, but poorer countries are often the worst affected by extreme weather conditions because they are less well equipped to face extreme climate events.Brazil’s newly elected President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva made a speech about preserving the largest rainforest on Earth, the Amazon. During the last 50 years, more than 17% of the Amazon rainforest has been destroyed to make way for farms and towns. However, in his speech, Lula promised that there would be zero deforestation (伐树) in the Amazon by 2030. The conference didn’t just focus on world leaders. It brought together more than 45,000 people to discuss how climate change is affecting their lives. Climate refugees (难民) also had their voices heard. Tshilombo from the Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya said, “Refugees don’t only flee becaus e of war or conflict. It’s also about drought, the effects of climate change.”Some countries weren’t happy with the overall outcome of COP27 because decisions weren’t made on cutting the use of fossil fuels, such as coal, gas and oil, etc. The UK Governme nt’s Alok Sharma said, “I’m incredibly disappointed.”However, this deal was a great achievement for developing countries. Sherry Rehman, the climate minister for Pakistan, said, “I am confident we have tuned a comer in how we work together to achieve clim ate goals.”；4. What is a successful outcome of the COP27 climate conference?A．The deal on loss and damage.B．The deal on using fossil fuels.C．The deal on rainforest preservation.D．The deal on helping climate refugees.；5. What has made it difficult for developing countries to fight against climate change? A．More greenhouse gases.B．Massive deforestation.C．Shortage of money and supplies.D．Terrible weather conditions.；6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A．Climate change is influencing people’s live s.B．17% of the Amazon rainforest was destroyed.C．Many factors lead to the appearance of refugees.D．There will be less deforestation in the Amazon by 2030.；7. What would Sherry Rehman probably agree with?A．Never put off till tomorrow.B．Many hands make light work.C．Knowledge starts with practice.D．No way is impossible to courage.（三）What are you doing this weekend? Perhaps you're spending time with family, hanging out with friends, or maybe you're going to play a sport. All around the world, people chill out at the end of the working week and take part in leisure activities. In many countries, the weekend consists of Saturday and Sunday, while in others Friday and Saturday are the days of rest. In Afghanistan, Thursday and Friday form the weekend, while in one country, Brunei, Friday and Sunday are the days off.Have you ever stopped to wonder, though, exactly where it originated? And how is the concept going to change? The modern weekend took shape during the Industrial Revolution. In the early 19 century, in areas such as the north of England, people began to leave the countryside to work in towns and cities. There, new factories were springing up. Their working lives were once ruled by nature, with the amount of work depending on the changing seasons. Now, their employers demanded a different rhythm-a six-day week of up to 12 hours a day, followed by one day of rest.Campaigns for workers' rights appeared. By the end of the century they had managed to reduce the working week to five and a half days. This meant that working people could take an interest in hobbies such as photography, which was very new at the time. In the US in the 1920s, the industrialist Henry Ford helped to create the weekend. He gave all his workers Saturday and Sunday off work. His factories manufactured cars, and he wanted to allow his employees time to purchase and enjoy the cars they were producing.These days, in many countries, working a 40-hour week is normal. Many people have a nine-to-five job, but even that is rapidly changing. Technology enables more people to work from home and plan their own use of time. This means that an official period away from work is becoming less important. Perhaps in the future we will work fewer hours altogether. If we become more productive, we should be able to afford the same lifestyle by working fewer hours. It has been estimated, for example, that a worker in the US can achieve a 1950s standard of living by working just 1l hours a week. Some people have recommended a 21-hour working week to help with unemployment, climate change and inequality. However, a change like that may mean more leisure time but it will probably limit people's ability to earn money to enjoy it.8. What does the underlined word “originated” in the second paragraph me an? A．Relaxed. B．Started. C．Appeared suddenly. D．Stopped. 9. What happened as a result of campaigns on behalf of workers?A．People became more inventive.B．People worked fewer hours per day.C．People worked fewer hours overall.D．People found employment in leisure industries.10. The writer says an American businessman gave his workers time off so that A．he could produce more cars.B．they could spend money on cars.C．he didn’t have to pay them to drive.D．they would enjoy working with him.11. Why does the writer suggest the weekend may be less important now? A．Because we start work later than we used toB．Because nobody works over 40 hours a week.C．Because technology empowers individuals to arrange their own time. D．Because people are out control of their working week.二、七选五阅读Mondays are kind of annoying. 12 A recent survey says that most people get the pre-work “Sunday blues”. Starting your Monday feeling sad, anxious and unorganized is hardly the way to kick off a healthy week.The solution? Set aside a little time on Sunday to purposefully prepare yourself for the five days ahead, suggests women’s health expert Marsha Hudnall. 13Do some meal preparations.Figuring out what to have for dinner on weeknights can be surprisingly stressf ul. Stretching out a menu plan on Sunday and swinging by the grocery store for ingredients will help you eat well. Go a step further by chopping and cooking vegetables and a protein (like a roast chicken or scrambled eggs). 14 Or finally attempt a di fferent diet you’ve been meaning to try. For easy dinner planning, just order, and you’ll have a week’s worth of raw materials for delicious and healthy meals.Start a Sunday stress-relief habit.“To be healthy, we have to take care of body and mind,” says Hudnall. Stress has a major impact on health and our ability to concentrate. 15 Four ideas to try: a guided meditation with the help of an app; forest bathing－a practice known as shinrin-yoku in Japan, which basically means taking a long walk or hik e in a wooded area; gentle exercise like yoga; or time cuddling and playing with your pet.16Why not prepare your favorite clothes for Monday? Studies show that what you wear can have a significant effect on your mood. So make Monday the day you wear your favorite clothes or show the latest addition to your wardrobe (衣橱). It’s also a good idea to get some nice coffee or music ready, which will give you something to look forward to on your Monday commute.A．Give yourself something to look forward on Monday.B．Even Sunday afternoons turn sour as we think of the workweek ahead.C．Then all you have to do is heat and plate when you come home from work. D．Therefore, starting a Sunday stress-relieving habit can begin a week feeling strong and focused.E．Try creating a relaxing and winding down Sunday night so that you can recharge and get ready for Monday.F．Taking on just a few of these simple tips every Sunday will help you launch a productive, less stressful week.G．Wailing until the last moment to do weekend chores like paying bills or doing laundry can leave you anxious and stressed on Sunday.三、完型填空The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly 17 . It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep 18 as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my 19 , the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important 20 in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that 21 the dance form: one’s culture and family.The performance is undertaken only by the most 22 and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much 23 . For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day 24 these dances. Many times, I 25 myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to 26I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my 27 . Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something28 me on, forcing me not to give up.Fortunately, I made it. What I had done 29 the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer 30 is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I 31 out to do.17. A．pulled back B．set off C．reached out D．broke away18. A．sleep B．thought C．breath D．sorrow19. A．career B．understanding C．response D．performance20. A．routine B．lesson C．accident D．event21. A．develop B．purchase C．introduce D．promote22. A．focused B．beautiful C．intelligent D．considerate23. A．talent B．strength C．devotion D．cooperation24. A．recording B．practicing C．discussing D．designing25. A．applied B．addicted C．treated D．pushed26. A．forget B．design C．learn D．research27. A．explanation B．expectation C．expense D．impression28. A．driving B．competing C．benefiting D．representing29. A．increased B．deserved C．expanded D．exposed30. A．completely B．mainly C．truly D．distantly31. A．put B．carry C．turn D．set四、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I am speaking to you at what I know is an increasingly challenging time. A time of disruption in the life of our country; a disruption that has brought grief to some, financial difficulties to many, and enormous changes to the daily lives of us all.I want to thank everyone on the NHS front liens, 32 care workers and those carrying out essential rules, who selflessly continue 33 day-to-day duties outside the home in support of as all.I am sure the nation will join me in assuring you that what you do 34 (appreciate) and every hour of your hard work brings us 35 (close) to a return to more normal times.I also want to thank these of you who are staying at home, thereby helping to protect the vulnerable and sparting many family the pain already 36 (feel) by those who have lost loved ones.Together we are tackling this disease, and I want to reassure you that if we remain united and resolute, we will overcome it.I hope in the years to come everyone will be able to take pride in 37 they responded to this challenge. And those who come after us will say the Britons of this generation were as strong as any.The moments when the United Kingdom has come together to applaud its care and essential workers will be remembered 38 an expression of our national spirit; and its symbol will be the rainbows drawn by children.Across the Commonwealth and around the world, we have seen heart-warming stories of people 39 (come) together to help others, be it through delivering food parcels and medicines, checking on neighbours, or converting businesses to help with the relief effort.And though self-isolating at times 40 be hard, many people of all faiths, and of none, are discovering that it presents an opportunity to slow down, pause and reflect, in prayer or meditation.But now, as then, we know, deep down, that it is the right thing to do.We will succeed - and that success will belong to every one of us.We should take comfort that while we may have more still 41 (endure), better days will return: we will be with our friends again: we will be with our families again: we will meet again.But for now, I send my thanks and warmest good wishes to you all.五、写作42. 假如你是李华，近段时间以来政府加大了文物保护的力度。

2024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(1)一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1对两个具有线性相关关系的变量x 和y 进行统计时，得到一组数据1,0.3 ,2,4.7 ,3,m ,4,8 ，通过这组数据求得回归直线方程为y=2.4x -2，则m 的值为()A.3B.5C.5.2D.6【答案】A【解析】易知x =1+2+3+44=52,y =13+m4，代入y =2.4x -2得13+m 4=2.4×52-2⇒m =3.故选：A2已知m ，n 表示两条不同直线，α表示平面，下列说法正确的是()A.若m ⎳α,n ⎳α,则m ⎳nB.若m ⊥α，n ⊂α，则m ⊥nC.若m ⊥α，m ⊥n ，则n ⎳αD.若m ⎳α，m ⊥n ，则n ⊥α【答案】B【解析】线面垂直，则有该直线和平面内所有的直线都垂直，故B 正确.故选：B3已知向量a ，b 满足a =3，b =23，且a ⊥a +b，则b 在a 方向上的投影向量为()A.3B.-3C.-3aD.-a【答案】D【解析】a ⊥a +b ，则a ⋅a +b =a 2+a ⋅b =9+a ⋅b =0，故a ⋅b=-9，b 在a 方向上的投影向量a ⋅b a 2⋅a =-99⋅a =-a.故选：D .4若n 为一组从小到大排列的数1，2，4，8，9，10的第六十百分位数，则二项式3x +12xn的展开式的常数项是()A.7B.8C.9D.10【答案】A【解析】因为n 为一组从小到大排列的数1，2，4，8，9，10的第六十百分位数，6×60%=3.6，所以n =8，二项式3x +12x8的通项公式为T r +1=C r 8⋅3x 8-r ⋅12x r =C r 8⋅12 r⋅x8-r 3-r，令8-r 3-r =0⇒r =2，所以常数项为C 28×12 2=8×72×14=7，故选：A5折扇是我国古老文化的延续，在我国已有四千年左右的历史，“扇”与“善”谐音，折扇也寓意“善良”“善行”.它常以字画的形式体现我国的传统文化，也是运筹帷幄、决胜千里、大智大勇的象征(如图1).图2是一个圆台的侧面展开图(扇形的一部分)，若两个圆弧DE ，AC 所在圆的半径分别是3和6，且∠ABC =120°，则该圆台的体积为()A.5023π B.9π C.7π D.1423π【答案】D【解析】设圆台上下底面的半径分别为r 1,r 2，由题意可知13×2π×3=2πr 1，解得r 1=1，13×2π×6=2πr 2，解得：r 2=2，作出圆台的轴截面，如图所示：图中OD =r 1=1,O A =r 2=2，AD =6-3=3，过点D 向AP 作垂线，垂足为T ，则AT =r 2-r 1=1，所以圆台的高h =AD 2-AT 2=32-1=22，则上底面面积S 1=π×12=π，S 2=π×22=4π，由圆台的体积计算公式可得：V =13×(S 1+S 2+S 1⋅S 2)×h =13×7π×22=142π3，故选：D .6已知函数f x =x 2-bx +c (b >0,c >0)的两个零点分别为x 1,x 2，若x 1,x 2,-1三个数适当调整顺序后可为等差数列，也可为等比数列，则不等式x -bx -c≤0的解集为()A.1,52B.1,52C.-∞,1 ∪52,+∞D.-∞,1 ∪52,+∞ 【答案】A【解析】由函数f x =x 2-bx +c (b >0,c >0)的两个零点分别为x 1,x 2，即x 1,x 2是x 2-bx +c =0的两个实数根据，则x 1+x 2=b ,x 1x 2=c 因为b >0,c >0，可得x 1>0,x 2>0，又因为x 1,x 2,-1适当调整可以是等差数列和等比数列，不妨设x 1<x 2，可得x 1x 2=-1 2=1-1+x 2=2x 1 ，解得x 1=12,x 2=2，所以x 1+x 2=52,x 1x 2=1，所以b =52,c =1，则不等式x -b x -c ≤0，即为x -52x -1≤0，解得1<x ≤52，所以不等式的解集为1,52.故选：A .7已知双曲线C ：x 2a 2-y 2b2=1a >0,b >0 的左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，M ，N 为双曲线一条渐近线上的两点，A 为双曲线的右顶点，若四边形MF 1NF 2为矩形，且∠MAN =2π3，则双曲线C 的离心率为()A.3B.7C.213D.13【答案】C【解析】如图，因为四边形MF 1NF 2为矩形，所以MN =F 1F 2 =2c (矩形的对角线相等)，所以以MN 为直径的圆的方程为x 2+y 2=c 2.直线MN 为双曲线的一条渐近线，不妨设其方程为y =bax ，由y =b a x ,x 2+y 2=c 2,解得x =a y =b ，或x =-a ,y =-b , 所以N a ,b ，M -a ,-b 或N -a ,-b ，M a ,b .不妨设N a ,b ，M -a , -b ，又A a ,0 ，所以AM =a +a 2+b 2=4a 2+b 2，AN =a -a 2+b 2=b .在△AMN 中，∠MAN =2π3，由余弦定理得MN 2=AM 2+AN 2-2AM AN ⋅cos 2π3，即4c 2=4a 2+b 2+b 2+4a 2+b 2×b ，则2b =4a 2+b 2，所以4b 2=4a 2+b 2，则b 2=43a 2，所以e =1+b 2a2=213.故选:C .8已知a =ln 1.2e ,b =e 0.2,c =1.2e 0.2，则有()A.a <b <cB.a <c <bC.c <a <bD.c <b <a【答案】C【解析】令f x =e x -ln x +1 -1,x >0，则f x =e x -1x +1.当x >0时，有e x >1,1x +1<1，所以1x +1<1，所以，f (x )>0在0,+∞ 上恒成立，所以，f (x )在0,+∞ 上单调递增，所以，f (x )>f (0)=1-1=0，所以，f (0.2)>0，即e 0.2-ln1.2-1>0，所以a <b令g x =e x -x +1 ,x >0，则g x =e x -1在x >0时恒大于零，故g x 为增函数，所以x +1ex <1,x >0，而a =ln 1.2e =1+ln1.2>1，所以c <a ，所以c <a <b ，故选：C二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9已知函数f x =sin 2x +3π4 +cos 2x +3π4，则()A.函数f x -π4 为偶函数 B.曲线y =f x 对称轴为x =k π,k ∈ZC.f x 在区间π3,π2单调递增D.f x 的最小值为-2【答案】AC【解析】f x =sin 2x +3π4 +cos 2x +3π4=sin2x cos 3π4+sin 3π4cos2x +cos2x cos 3π4-sin2x sin3π4=-22sin2x +22cos2x -22cos2x -22sin2x =-2sin2x ，即f x =-2sin2x ，对于A ，f x -π4 =-2sin 2x -π2=2cos2x ，易知为偶函数，所以A 正确；对于B ，f x =-2sin2x 对称轴为2x =π2+k π,k ∈Z ⇒x =π4+k π2,k ∈Z ，故B 错误；对于C ，x ∈π3,π2 ,2x ∈2π3,π ，y =sin2x 单调递减，则f x =-2sin2x 单调递增，故C 正确；对于D ，f x =-2sin2x ，则sin2x ∈-1,1 ，所以f x ∈-2,2 ，故D 错误；故选：AC10设z 为复数，则下列命题中正确的是()A.z 2=zz B.若z =(1-2i )2，则复平面内z对应的点位于第二象限C.z 2=z 2D.若z =1，则z +i 的最大值为2【答案】ABD【解析】对于A ，设z =a +bi ，故z =a -bi ，则z 2=a 2+b 2，zz =(a +bi )(a -bi )=a 2+b 2，故z 2=zz成立，故A 正确，对于B ，z =(1-2i )2=-4i -3，z =4i -3，显然复平面内z对应的点位于第二象限，故B 正确，对于C ，易知z 2=a 2+b 2，z 2=a 2+b 2+2abi ，当ab ≠0时，z 2≠z 2，故C 错误，对于D ，若z =1，则a 2+b 2=1，而z +i =a 2+(b +1)2=2b +2，易得当b =1时，z +i 最大，此时z +i =2，故D 正确.故选：ABD11已知菱形ABCD 的边长为2，∠ABC =π3．将△DAC 沿着对角线AC 折起至△D AC ，连结BD ．设二面角D -AC -B 的大小为θ，则下列说法正确的是()A.若四面体D ABC 为正四面体，则θ=π3B.四面体D ABC 的体积最大值为1C.四面体D ABC 的表面积最大值为23+2D.当θ=2π3时，四面体D ABC 的外接球的半径为213【答案】BCD【解析】如图，取AC 中点O ，连接OB ,OD ，则OB =OD ，OB ⊥AC ,OD ⊥AC ，∠BOC 为二面角D AC -B 的平面角，即∠BOC =θ．若D ABC 是正四面体，则BD =BC ≠BO ，△OBD 不是正三角形，θ≠π3，A 错；四面体D ABC 的体积最大时，BO ⊥平面ACD ，此时B 到平面ACD 的距离最大为BO =3，而S △ACD=34×22=3，所以V =13×3×3=1，B 正确；S △ABC =S △DAC =3，易得△BAD ≅△BCD ，S △BAD=S △BCD=12×22sin ∠BCD =2sin ∠BCD ，未折叠时BD =BD =23，折叠到B ,D 重合时，BD =0，中间存在一个位置，使得BD =22，则BC 2+D C 2=BD 2，∠BCD =π2，此时S △BAD=S △BCD=2sin ∠BCD 取得最大值2，所以四面体D ABC 的表面积最大值为23+2 ，C 正确；当θ=2π3时，如图，设M ,N 分别是△ACD 和△BAC 的外心，在平面AOD 内作PM ⊥OD ，作PN ⊥OB ，PM ∩PN =P ，则P 是三棱锥外接球的球心，由上面证明过程知平面OBD 与平面ABC 、平面D AC 垂直，即P ,N ,O ,M 四点共面，θ=2π3，则∠PON =π3，ON =13×32×2=33，PN =ON tan π3=33×3=1，PB =PN 2+BN 2=12+233 2=213为球半径，D 正确．故选：BCD ．三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12设集合M =x log 2x <1 ，N =x 2x -1<0 ，则M ∩N =．【答案】x 0<x <12【解析】因为log 2x <1=log 22，所以0<x <2，即M =x log 2x <1 =x 0<x <2 ，因为2x -1<0，解得x <12，所以N =x 2x -1<0 =x x <12，所以，M ∩N =x 0<x <12 .故答案为：x 0<x <12 13已知正项等比数列a n 的前n 项和为S n ，且S 8-2S 4=6，则a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12的最小值为.【答案】24【解析】设正项等比数列a n 的公比为q ，则q >0，所以，S 8=a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4+a 5+a 6+a 7+a 8=a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4+q 4a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4 =S 41+q 4 ，则S 8-2S 4=S 4q 4-1 =6，则q 4>1，可得q >1，则S 4=6q 4-1，所以，a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12=q 8a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4 =S 4q 8=6q 8q 4-1=6q 4-1+1 2q 4-1=6q 4-1 2+1+2q 4-1 q 4+1=6q 4-1 +1q 4-1+2 ≥62q 4-1 ⋅1q 4-1+2 =24，当且仅当q 4-1=1q 4-1q >1 时，即当q =42时，等号成立，故a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12的最小值为24.故答案为：2414已知F 为拋物线C :y =14x 2的焦点，过点F 的直线l 与拋物线C 交于不同的两点A ，B ，拋物线在点A ,B 处的切线分别为l 1和l 2，若l 1和l 2交于点P ，则|PF |2+25AB的最小值为.【答案】10【解析】C :x 2=4y 的焦点为0,1 ，设直线AB 方程为y =kx +1，A x 1,y 1 ,B x 2,y 2 .联立直线与抛物线方程有x 2-4kx -4=0，则AB =y 1+y 2+2=k x 1+x 2 +4=4k 2+4.又y =14x 2求导可得y =12x ，故直线AP 方程为y -y 1=12x 1x -x 1 .又y 1=14x 21，故AP :y =12x 1x -14x 21，同理BP :y =12x 2x -14x 22.联立y =12x 1x -14x 21y =12x 2x -14x 22可得12x 1-x 2 x =14x 21-x 22 ，解得x =x 1+x 22，代入可得P x 1+x 22,x 1x 24 ，代入韦达定理可得P 2k ,-1 ，故PF =4k 2+4.故|PF |2+25AB=4k 2+4+254k 2+4≥24k 2+4 ×254k 2+4=10，当且仅当4k 2+4=254k 2+4，即k =±12时取等号.故答案为：102024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(2)一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1抛物线y =12x 2的焦点坐标为()A.18,0B.12,0 C.0,18D.0,12【答案】D 【解析】由y =12x 2可得抛物线标准方程为：x 2=2y ，∴其焦点坐标为0,12 .故选：D .2二项式3x 2-1x 47的展开式中常数项为()A.-7B.-21C.7D.21【答案】A 【解析】二项式3x 2-1x47的通项公式为Tr +1=C r 7⋅3x 27-r⋅-1x4r=Cr 7⋅-1 r⋅x14-14r 3，令14-14r 3=0⇒r =1，所以常数项为C 17⋅-1 =-7，故选：A3已知集合A =x log 2x ≤1 ，B =y y =2x ,x ≤2 ，则()A.A ∪B =BB.A ∪B =AC.A ∩B =BD.A ∪(C R B )=R【答案】A【解析】由log 2x ≤1，则log 2x ≤log 22，所以0<x ≤2，所以A =x log 2x ≤1 =x 0<x ≤2 ，又B =y y =2x ,x ≤2 =y 0<y ≤4 ，所以A ⊆B ，则A ∪B =B ，A ∩B =A .故选：A ．4若古典概型的样本空间Ω=1,2,3,4 ，事件A =1,2 ，甲：事件B =Ω，乙：事件A ,B 相互独立，则甲是乙的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【解析】若B =Ω，A ∩B =1,2 ，则P A ∩B =24=12，而P A =24=12，P B =1，所以P A P B =P A ∩B ，所以事件A ,B 相互独立，反过来，当B =1,3 ，A ∩B =1 ，此时P A ∩B =14，P A =P B =12，满足P A P B =P A ∩B ，事件A ,B 相互独立，所以不一定B =Ω，所以甲是乙的充分不必要条件.故选：A5若函数f x =ln e x -1 -mx 为偶函数，则实数m =()A.1B.-1C.12D.-12【答案】C【解析】由函数f x =ln e x -1 -mx 为偶函数，可得f -1 =f 1 ，即ln e -1-1 +m =ln e -1 -m ，解之得m =12，则f x =ln e x -1 -12x (x ≠0)，f -x =ln e -x -1 +12x =ln e x -1 -x +12x =ln e x -1 -12x =f x故f x =ln e x -1 -12x 为偶函数，符合题意.故选：C6已知函数y =f (x )的图象恰为椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a >b >0)x 轴上方的部分，若f (s -t )，f (s )，f (s +t )成等比数列，则平面上点(s ，t )的轨迹是()A.线段(不包含端点) B.椭圆一部分C.双曲线一部分D.线段(不包含端点)和双曲线一部分【答案】A【解析】因为函数y =f (x )的图象恰为椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a >b >0)x 轴上方的部分，所以y =f (x )=b ⋅1-x 2a2(-a <x <a )，因为f (s -t )，f (s )，f (s +t )成等比数列，所以有f 2(s )=f (s -t )⋅f (s +t )，且有-a <s <a ,-a <s -t <a ,-a <s +t <a 成立，即-a <s <a ,-a <t <a 成立，由f 2(s )=f (s -t )⋅f (s +t )⇒b ⋅1-s 2a 22=b ⋅1-(s -t )2a 2⋅b ⋅1-(s +t )2a 2，化简得：t 4=2a 2t 2+2s 2t 2⇒t 2(t 2-2a 2-2s 2)=0⇒t 2=0，或t 2-2a 2-2s 2=0，当t 2=0时，即t =0，因为-a <s <a ，所以平面上点(s ，t )的轨迹是线段(不包含端点)；当t 2-2a 2-2s 2=0时，即t 2=2a 2+2s 2，因为-a <t <a ，所以t 2<a 2，而2a 2+2s 2>a 2，所以t 2=2a 2+2s 2不成立，故选：A7若tan α+π4=-2，则sin α1-sin2α cos α-sin α=()A.65B.35C.-35D.-65【答案】C【解析】因为tan α+π4 =tan α+tan π41-tan αtan π4=tan α+11-tan α=-2，解得tan α=3，所以，sin α1-sin2αcos α-sin α=sin αsin 2α+cos 2α-2sin αcos α cos α-sin α=sin αcos α-sin α 2cos α-sin α=sin αcos α-sin 2α=sin αcos α-sin 2αcos 2α+sin 2α=tan α-tan 2α1+tan 2α=3-91+9=-35.故选：C .8函数f x =2ln xx,x >0sin ωx +π6,-π≤x ≤0，若2f 2(x )-3f (x )+1=0恰有6个不同实数解，正实数ω的范围为()A.103,4B.103,4 C.2,103D.2,103【答案】D【解析】由题知，2f 2x -3f x +1=0的实数解可转化为f (x )=12或f (x )=1的实数解，即y =f (x )与y =1或y =12的交点，当x >0时，f x =2ln xx ⇒f (x )=21-ln x x 2所以x ∈0,e 时，f (x )>0，f x 单调递增，x ∈e ,+∞ 时，f (x )<0，f x 单调递减，如图所示：所以x =e 时f x 有最大值：12<f (x )max =2e<1所以x >0时，由图可知y =f (x )与y =1无交点，即方程f (x )=1无解，y =f (x )与y =12有两个不同交点，即方程f (x )=12有2解当x <0时，因为ω>0，-π≤x ≤0，所以-ωπ+π6≤ωx +π6≤π6，令t =ωx +π6，则t ∈-ωπ+π6,π6则有y =sin t 且t ∈-ωπ+π6,π6，如图所示：因为x >0时，已有两个交点，所以只需保证y =sin t 与y =12及与y =1有四个交点即可，所以只需-19π6<-ωπ+π6≤-11π6，解得2≤ω<103．故选：D二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9已知复数z 1,z 2是关于x 的方程x 2+bx +1=0(-2<b <2,b ∈R )的两根，则下列说法中正确的是()A.z 1=z 2B.z 1z 2∈R C.z 1 =z 2 =1D.若b =1，则z 31=z 32=1【答案】ACD【解析】Δ=b 2-4<0，∴x =-b ±4-b 2i 2，不妨设z 1=-b 2+4-b 22i ，z 2=-b2-4-b 22i ，z 1=z 2，A 正确；z 1 =z 2 =-b 22+4-b 222=1，C 正确；z 1z 2=1，∴z 1z 2=z 21z 1z 2=z 21=b 2-22-b 4-b 22i ，b ≠0时，z 1z 2∉R ，B 错；b =1时，z 1=-12+32i ，z 2=-12-32i ，计算得z 21=-12-32i =z 2=z 1 ，z 22=z 1=z 2 ，z 31=z 1z 2=1，同理z 32=1，D 正确．故选：ACD ．10四棱锥P -ABCD 的底面为正方形，P A 与底面垂直，P A =2，AB =1，动点M 在线段PC 上，则()A.不存在点M ，使得AC ⊥BMB.MB +MD 的最小值为303C.四棱锥P -ABCD 的外接球表面积为5πD.点M 到直线AB 的距离的最小值为255【答案】BD【解析】对于A ：连接BD ，且AC ∩BD =O ，如图所示，当M 在PC 中点时，因为点O 为AC 的中点，所以OM ⎳P A ，因为P A ⊥平面ABCD ，所以OM ⊥平面ABCD ，又因为AC ⊂平面ABCD ，所以OM ⊥AC ，因为ABCD 为正方形，所以AC ⊥BD .又因为BD ∩OM =O ，且BD ，OM ⊂平面BDM ，所以AC ⊥平面BDM ，因为BM ⊂平面BDM ，所以AC ⊥BM ，所以A 错误；对于B ：将△PBC 和△PCD 所在的平面沿着PC 展开在一个平面上，如图所示，则MB +MD 的最小值为BD ，直角△PBC 斜边PC 上高为1×56，即306，直角△PCD 斜边PC 上高也为1×56，所以MB +MD 的最小值为303，所以B 正确；对于C ：易知四棱锥P -ABCD 的外接球直径为PC ，半径R =12PC =1222+12+12=62，表面积S =4πR 2=6π，所以C 错误；对于D ：点M 到直线AB 距离的最小值即为异面直线PC 与AB 的距离，因为AB ⎳CD ，且AB ⊄平面PCD ，CD ⊂平面PCD ，所以AB ⎳平面PCD ，所以直线AB 到平面PCD 的距离等于点A 到平面PCD 的距离，过点A 作AF ⊥PD ，因为P A ⊥平面ABCD ，所以P A ⊥CD ,又AD ⊥CD ,且P A ∩AD =A ,故CD ⊥平面P AD ，AF ⊂平面P AD ，所以AF ⊥CD ，因为PD ∩CD =D ，且PD ，CD ⊂平面PCD ，所以AF ⊥平面PCD ，所以点A 到平面PCD 的距离，即为AF 的长，如图所示，在Rt △P AD 中，P A =2，AD =1，可得PD =5，所以由等面积得AF =255，即直线AB 到平面PCD 的距离等于255，所以D 正确，故选：BCD .11今年是共建“一带一路”倡议提出十周年.某校进行“一带一路”知识了解情况的问卷调查，为调动学生参与的积极性，凡参与者均有机会获得奖品.设置3个不同颜色的抽奖箱，每个箱子中的小球大小相同质地均匀，其中红色箱子中放有红球3个，黄球2个，绿球2个；黄色箱子中放有红球4个，绿球2个；绿色箱子中放有红球3个，黄球2个，要求参与者先从红色箱子中随机抽取一个小球，将其放入与小球颜色相同的箱子中，再从放入小球的箱子中随机抽取一个小球，抽奖结束.若第二次抽取的是红色小球，则获得奖品，否则不能获得奖品，已知甲同学参与了问卷调查，则()A.在甲先抽取的是黄球的条件下，甲获得奖品的概率为47B.在甲先抽取的不是红球的条件下，甲没有获得奖品的概率为1314C.甲获得奖品的概率为2449D.若甲获得奖品，则甲先抽取绿球的机会最小【答案】ACD【解析】设A 红，A 黄，A 绿，分别表示先抽到的小球的颜色分别是红、黄、绿的事件，设B 红表示再抽到的小球的颜色是红的事件，在甲先抽取的是黄球的条件下，甲获得奖品的概率为：P B 红∣A 黄 =P B 红A 黄 P A 黄=27×4727=47，故A 正确；在甲先抽取的不是红球的条件下，甲没有获得奖品的概率为：P B 红 ∣A 红 =P A 红 B 红 P A 红 =P A 黄B 红 +P A 绿B 红 P A 红 =27×37+27×1247=1328，故B 错误；由题意可知，P A 红 =37,P A 黄 =27,P A 绿 =27,P B 红∣A 红 =37,P B 红∣A 黄 =47，P B 红∣A 绿 =12，由全概率公式可知，甲获得奖品的概率为：P =P A 红 P B 红∣A 红 +P A 黄 ⋅P B 红∣A 黄 +P A 绿 ⋅P B 红∣A 绿 =37×37+27×47+27×12=2449，故C 正确；因为甲获奖时红球取自哪个箱子的颜色与先抽取小球的颜色相同，则P A 红∣B 红 =P A 红 ⋅P B 红∣A 红 P B 红=37×37×4924=38，P A 黄∣B 红 =P A 黄 ⋅P B 红∣A 黄P B 红=27×47×4924=13，P A 绿∣B 红 =P A 绿 ⋅P B 红∣A 绿 P B 红 =27×12×4924=724，所以甲获得奖品时，甲先抽取绿球机会最小，故D 正确.故选：ACD .三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12已知△ABC 的边BC 的中点为D ，点E 在△ABC 所在平面内，且CD =3CE -2CA ，若AC =xAB +yBE，则x +y =．【答案】11【解析】因为CD =3CE -2CA ，边BC 的中点为D ，所以12CB=3BE -BC +2AC ，因为12CB =3BE -3BC +2AC ，所以52BC =3BE +2AC ，所以52BC =52AC -AB =3BE +2AC ，所以5AC -5AB =6BE +4AC ，即5AB +6BE =AC ，因为AC =xAB +yBE ，所以x =5，y =6，故x +y =11.故答案为：1113已知圆锥母线长为2，则当圆锥的母线与底面所成的角的余弦值为时，圆锥的体积最大，最大值为．【答案】①.63②.16327π【解析】设圆锥的底面半径为r ，圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为θ,θ∈0,π2 ，易知cos θ=r 2.圆锥的体积为V =13πr 2⋅4-r 2=43πcos 2θ⋅2sin θ=8π3cos 2θ⋅sin θ=8π31-sin 2θ sin θ令x =sin θ,x ∈0,1 ，则y =1-sin 2θ sin θ=-x 3+x ，y =-3x 2+1当y >0时，x ∈0,33，当y<0时，x ∈33,1 ，即函数y =-x 3+x 在0,33 上单调递增，在33,1上单调递减，即V max =8π333-33 3 =163π27，此时cos θ=1-323 =62.故答案为：62；163π2714已知双曲线C ：x 2-y 23=1的左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，右顶点为E ，过F 2的直线交双曲线C 的右支于A ，B 两点(其中点A 在第一象限内)，设M ，N 分别为△AF 1F 2，△BF 1F 2的内心，则当F 1A ⊥AB 时，AF 1=；△ABF 1内切圆的半径为．【答案】①.7+1##1+7②.7-1##-1+7【解析】由双曲线方程知a =1,b =3,c =2，如下图所示：由F 1A ⊥AB ，则AF 1 2+AF 2 2=F 1F 2 2=16，故AF 1 -AF 2 2+2AF 1 AF 2 =16，而AF 1 -AF 2 =2a =2，所以AF 1 AF 2 =6，故AF 2 2+2AF 2 -6=0，解得AF 2 =7-1，所以AF 1 =7+1，若G 为△ABF 1内切圆圆心且F 1A ⊥AB 可知，以直角边切点和G ,A 为顶点的四边形为正方形，结合双曲线定义内切圆半径r =12AF 1 +AB -BF 1 =12AF 1 +AF 2 +BF 2 -BF 1所以r =1227+BF 2 -BF 1 =1227-2 =7-1；故答案为：7+1，7-1；2024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(3)一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1有一组按从小到大顺序排列数据：3，5，x ，8，9，10，若其极差与平均数相等，则这组数据的中位数为()A.7B.7.5C.8D.6.5【答案】B【解析】依题意可得极差为10-3=7，平均数为163+5+x +8+9+10 =1635+x ，所以1635+x =7，解得x =7，所以中位线为7+82=7.5.故选：B .2已知集合A =x x -1 >2 ，B =x log 4x <1 ，则A ∩B =()A.3,4B.-∞,-1 ∪3,4C.1,4D.-∞,4【答案】A【解析】由x -1 >2，得x <-1或x >3，所以A =x x <-1或x >3 ，由log 4x <1，得0<x <4，所以B =x 0<x <4 ，所以A ∩B =x 3<x <4 .故选：A .3已知向量a =(2,0)，b =sin α,32，若向量b 在向量a 上的投影向量c =12,0 ，则|a +b |=()A.3B.7C.3D.7【答案】B【解析】由已知可得，b 在a 上的投影向量为a ⋅b |a |⋅a |a |=2sin α2×2(2,0)=(sin α,0)，又b 在a 上的投影向量c =12,0 ，所以sin α=12，所以b =12,32，所以a +b =52,32 ，所以|a +b |=52 2+322=7.故选：B .4如图是两个底面半径都为1的圆锥底面重合在一起构成的几何体，上面圆锥的侧面积是下面圆锥侧面积的2倍，AP ⊥AQ ，则PQ =()A.74B.262C.52D.3【答案】C【解析】设两圆锥的高OP =x ，OQ =y ，则AP =x 2+1，AQ =y 2+1，由AP ⊥AQ ，有AP 2+AQ 2=PQ 2，可得x 2+1+y 2+1=x +y 2，可得xy =1，又由上下圆锥侧面积之比为2:1，即π×1×P A =2×π×1×QA ，可得P A =2QA ，则有x 2+1=2y 2+1，即x 2=4y 2+3，代入y =1x整理为x 4-3x 2-4=0，解得x =2(负值舍)，可得y =12，OP =x +y =2+12=52．故选：C ．5已知Q 为直线l :x +2y +1=0上的动点，点P 满足QP=1,-3 ，记P 的轨迹为E ，则()A.E 是一个半径为5的圆B.E 是一条与l 相交的直线C.E 上的点到l 的距离均为5D.E 是两条平行直线【答案】C【解析】设P x ,y ，由QP=1,-3 ，则Q x -1,y +3 ，由Q 在直线l :x +2y +1=0上，故x -1+2y +3 +1=0，化简得x +2y +6=0，即P 轨迹为E 为直线且与直线l 平行，E 上的点到l 的距离d =6-112+22=5，故A 、B 、D 错误，C 正确.故选：C .6已知x +1 x -1 5=a 0+a 1x +a 2x 2+a 3x 3+a 4x 4+a 5x 5+a 6x 6，则a 1+a 3的值为()A.-1B.1C.4D.-2【答案】C【解析】在x +1 x -1 5=a 0+a 1x +a 2x 2+a 3x 3+a 4x 4+a 5x 5+a 6x 6中，而x +1 x -1 5=x x -1 5+x -1 5，由二项式定理知x -1 5展开式的通项为T r +1=C r 5x 5-r (-1)r ，令5-r =2，解得r =3，令5-r =3，r =2，故a 3=C 35(-1)3+C 25(-1)2=0，同理令5-r =1，解得r =4，令5-r =0，解得r =5，故a 1=C 45(-1)4+C 55(-1)5=4，故a 1+a 3=4.故选：C7已知P 为抛物线x 2=4y 上一点，过P 作圆x 2+(y -3)2=1的两条切线，切点分别为A ，B ，则cos ∠APB 的最小值为()A.12B.23C.34D.78【答案】C【解析】如图所示：因为∠APB =2∠APC ，sin ∠APC =AC PC=1PC，设P t ,t 24，则PC 2=t 2+t 24-3 2=t 416-t 22+9=116t 2-4 2+8，当t 2=4时，PC 取得最小值22，此时∠APB 最大，cos ∠APB 最小，且cos ∠APB min =1-2sin 2∠APC =1-21222=34，故C 正确.故选：C8已知函数f x ,g x 的定义域为R ,g x 为g x 的导函数且f x +g x =3,f x -g 4-x =3，若g x 为偶函数，则下列结论一定成立的是()A.f -1 =f -3B.f 1 +f 3 =65C.g 2 =3D.f 4 =3【答案】D【解析】对于D ，∵g x 为偶函数，则g x =g -x ，两边求导可得g x =-g -x ，则g x 为奇函数，则g 0 =0，令x =4，则f 4 -g 0 =3，f 4 =3，D 对；对于C ，令x =2，可得f 2 +g 2 =3f 2 -g 2 =3 ，则f 2 =3g 2 =0 ，C 错；对于B ，∵f x +g x =3，可得f 2+x +g 2+x =3，f x -g 4-x =3可得f 2-x -g 2+x =3，两式相加可得f 2+x +f 2-x =6，令x =1，即可得f 1 +f 3 =6，B 错；又∵f x +g x =3，则f x -4 +g x -4 =f x -4 -g 4-x =3，f x -g 4-x =3，可得f x =f x -4 ，所以f x 是以4为周期的函数，所以根据以上性质不能推出f -1 =f -3 ，A 不一定成立.故选：D二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9下列结论正确的是()A.若a <b <0，则a 2>ab >b 2B.若x ∈R ，则x 2+2+1x 2+2的最小值为2C.若a +b =2，则a 2+b 2的最大值为2D.若x ∈(0,2)，则1x +12-x ≥2【答案】AD【解析】因为a 2-ab =a (a -b )>0，所以a 2>ab ，因为ab -b 2=b (a -b )>0，所以ab >b 2，所以a 2>ab >b 2，故A 正确；因为x 2+2+1x 2+2≥2的等号成立条件x 2+2=1x 2+2不成立，所以B 错误；因为a 2+b 22≥a +b 2 2=1，所以a 2+b 2≥2，故C 错误；因为1x +12-x =12(x +2-x )1x +12-x =122+2-x x +x 2-x ≥12(2+2)=2，当且仅当1x =12-x，即x =1时，等号成立，所以D 正确.故选：AD10若函数f x =2sin 2x ⋅log 2sin x +2cos 2x ⋅log 2cos x ，则()A.f x 的最小正周期为πB.f x 的图像关于直线x =π4对称C.f x 的最小值为-1D.f x 的单调递减区间为2k π,π4+2k π ,k ∈Z【答案】BCD【解析】由sin x >0,cos x >0得f x 的定义域为2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z .对于A ：当x ∈0,π2时，x +π∈π,32π 不在定义域内，故f x +π =f x 不成立，易知f x 的最小正周期为2π，故选项A 错误；对于B ：又f π2-x =2cos 2x ⋅log 2cos x +2sin 2x ⋅log 2sin x =f x ，所以f x 的图像关于直线x =π4对称，所以选项B 正确；对于C ：因为f x =sin 2x ⋅log 2sin 2x +cos 2x ⋅log 2cos 2x ，设t =sin 2x ，所以函数转化为g t =t ⋅log 2t +1-t ⋅log 21-t ,t ∈0,1 ,g t =log 2t -log 21-t ，由g t >0得，12<t <1.g t <0得0<t <12.所以g t 在0,12 上单调递减，在12,1 上单调递增，故g (t )min =g 12=-1，即f (x )min =-1，故选项C 正确；对于D ：因为g t 在0,12 上单调递减，在12,1 上单调递增，由t =sin 2x ，令0<sin 2x <12得0<sin x <22，又f x 的定义域为2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z ，解得2k π<x <π4+2k π,k ∈Z ，因为t =sin 2x 在2k π,π4+2k π 上单调递增，所以f x 的单调递减区间为2k π,π4+2k π ,k ∈Z ，同理函数的递增区间为π4+2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z ，所以选项D 正确.故选：BCD .11已知数列a n 的前n 项和为S n ，且2S n S n +1+S n +1=3，a 1=α0<α<1 ，则()A.当0<α<13-14时，a 2>a 1B.a 3>a 2C.数列S 2n -1 单调递增，S 2n 单调递减D.当α=34时，恒有nk =1S k -1 <54【答案】ACD【解析】由题意可得：S n +1=32S n +1，a 1=α，由S n +1=32S n +1可知：S n +1=1⇔S n =1，但S 1=α∈0,1 ，可知对任意的n ∈N *，都有S n ≠1，对于选项A ：若0<α<13-14，则a 2-a 1=S 2-2a 1=32α+1-2α=3-2α-4α22α+1=4α+1+13 13-14-α2α+1>0，即a 2>a 1，故A 正确；对于选项B ：a 3-a 2=S 3-2S 2+S 1=6α+32α+7-62α+1+α=α-1 4α2+32α+39 2α+1 2α+7<0，即a 3<a 2，故B 错误.对于选项C ：因为S n +1-1=-2S n -1 2S n +1，S n +1+32=3S n +32 2S n +1，则S n +1-1S n +1+32=-23⋅S n -1S n +32，且S 1-1S 1+32=α-1α+32<0，可知S n -1S n+32是等比数列，则S n -1S n +32=α-1α+32⋅-23n -1，设A =α-1α+32<0，t =232n -2，可得S 2n =3-3At 3+2At =3253+2At -1 ，S 2n -1=1+32At 1-At =521-At-32，因为At =A 232n -2，可知A 23 2n -2 为递增数列，所以数列S 2n -1 单调递增，S 2n 单调递减，故C 正确；对于选项D ：因为S n +1=32S n +1，S n +1-34=32S n +1-34=33-2S n 42S n +1，由S 1=α=34，可得S 2-34>0，即S 2>34，则S 2≤65，即34<S 2≤65；由34<S 2≤65，可得S 3-34>0，即S 3>34，则S 3<65，即34<S 3<65；以此类推，可得对任意的n ∈N *，都有S n ≥S 1=α=34，又因为S n +1-1S n -1=22S n +1，则S n +1-1 ≤22α+1S n -1 =45S n -1 ，所以∑nk =1S k -1 ≤541-45 n <54，故D 正确.故选：ACD .三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12在(1+ax )n (其中n ∈N *,a ≠0)的展开式中，x 的系数为-10，各项系数之和为-1，则n =.【答案】5【解析】由题意得(1+ax )n 的展开式中x 的系数为aC 1n =-10，即an =-10，令x =1，得各项系数之和为(1+a )n =-1，则n 为奇数，且1+a =-1，即得a =-2,n =5，故答案为：513已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1a >b >0 的左、右焦点分别F 1，F 2，椭圆的长轴长为22，短轴长为2，P 为直线x =2b 上的任意一点，则∠F 1PF 2的最大值为.【答案】π6【解析】由题意有a =2，b =1，c =1，设直线x =2与x 轴的交点为Q ，设PQ =t ，有tan ∠PF 1Q =PQ F 1Q=t3，tan ∠PF 2Q =PQ F 2Q=t ，可得tan ∠F 1PF 2=tan ∠PF 2Q -∠PF 1Q =t -t31+t23=2t t 2+3=2t +3t ≤2t 23t =33，当且仅当t =3时取等号，可得∠F 1PF 2的最大值为π6.故答案为：π614已知四棱锥P -ABCD 的底面为矩形，AB =23，BC =4，侧面P AB 为正三角形且垂直于底面ABCD ，M 为四棱锥P -ABCD 内切球表面上一点，则点M 到直线CD 距离的最小值为.【答案】10-1【解析】如图，设四棱锥的内切球的半径为r ，取AB 的中点为H ，CD 的中点为N ，连接PH ，PN ，HN ，球O为四棱锥P-ABCD的内切球，底面ABCD为矩形，侧面P AB为正三角形且垂直于底面ABCD，则平面PHN截四棱锥P-ABCD的内切球O所得的截面为大圆，此圆为△PHN的内切圆，半径为r，与HN，PH分别相切于点E，F，平面P AB⊥平面ABCD，交线为AB，PH⊂平面P AB，△P AB为正三角形，有PH⊥AB，∴PH⊥平面ABCD，HN⊂平面ABCD，∴PH⊥HN，AB=23，BC=4，则有PH=3，HN=4，PN=5，则△PHN中，S△PHN=12×3×4=12r3+4+5，解得r=1.所以，四棱锥P-ABCD内切球半径为1，连接ON.∵PH⊥平面ABCD，CD⊂平面ABCD，∴CD⊥PH，又CD⊥HN，PH,HN⊂平面PHN，PH∩HN=H，∴CD⊥平面PHN，∵ON⊂平面PHN，可得ON⊥CD，所以内切球表面上一点M到直线CD的距离的最小值即为线段ON的长减去球的半径，又ON=OE2+EN2=10.所以四棱锥P-ABCD内切球表面上的一点M到直线CD的距离的最小值为10-1.故答案为：10-12024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(4)一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1已知双曲线的标准方程为x 2k -4+y 2k -5=1，则该双曲线的焦距是()A.1B.3C.2D.4【答案】C【解析】由双曲线方程可知a 2=k -4,b 2=5-k ，所以c 2=k -4+5-k =1，c =1，2c =2．故选：C2在等比数列a n 中，a 1+a x =82，a 3a x -2=81，前x 项和S x =121，则此数列的项数x 等于()A.4B.5C.6D.7【答案】B【解析】由已知条件可得a 1+a x =82a 3a x -2=a 1a x =81，解得a 1=1a x =81 或a 1=81a x =1 .设等比数列a n 的公比为q .①当a 1=1，a x =81时，由S x =a 1-a x q 1-q =1-81q1-q=121，解得q =3，∵a x =a 1q x -1=3x -1=81，解得x =5；②当a 1=81，a x =1时，由S x =a 1-a x q 1-q =81-q 1-q =121，解得q =13，∵a x =a 1q x -1=81×13x -1=35-x =1，解得x =5.综上所述，x =5.故选：B .3对任意实数a ，b ，c ，在下列命题中，真命题是()A.“ac 2>bc 2”是“a >b ”的必要条件B.“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的必要条件C.“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的充分条件D.“ac 2≥bc 2”是“a ≥b ”的充分条件【答案】B【解析】对于A ，若c =0，则由a >b ⇏ac 2>bc 2，∴“ac 2>bc 2”不是“a >b ”的必要条件，A 错．对于B ，a =b ⇒ac 2=bc 2，∴“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的必要条件，B 对，对于C ，若c =0，则由ac 2=bc 2，推不出a =b ，“ac 2=bc 2”不是“a =b ”的充分条件对于D ，当c =0时，ac 2=bc 2，即ac 2≥bc 2成立，此时不一定有a ≥b 成立，故“ac 2≥bc 2”不是“a ≥b ”的充分条件，D 错误，故选：B ．4已知m 、n 是两条不同直线，α、β、γ是三个不同平面，则下列命题中正确的是()A.若m ∥α，n ∥α，则m ∥nB.若α⊥β，β⊥γ，则α∥βC.若m ∥α，m ∥β，则α∥βD.若m ⊥α，n ⊥α，则m ∥n【答案】D【解析】A选项：令平面ABCD为平面α，A1B1为直线m，B1C1为直线n，有：m∥α，n∥α，但m∩n=B1，A错误；B选项：令平面ABCD为平面β，令平面B1BCC1为平面α，令平面A1ABB1为平面γ，有：α⊥β，β⊥γ，而α⊥β，B错误；C选项：令平面ABCD为平面α，令平面A1ABB1为平面β，C1D1为直线m，有：m∥α，m∥β，则α∥β，而α⊥β，C错误；D选项：垂直与同一平面的两直线一定平行，D正确.故选：D5将甲、乙等8名同学分配到3个体育场馆进行冬奥会志愿服务，每个场馆不能少于2人，则不同的安排方法有()A.2720B.3160C.3000D.2940【答案】D【解析】共有两种分配方式，一种是4:2:2，一种是3:3:2，故不同的安排方法有C48C24C222!+C38C35C222!A33=2940.故选：D6若抛物线y2=4x与椭圆E:x2a2+y2a2-1=1的交点在x轴上的射影恰好是E的焦点，则E的离心率为()A.2-12 B.3-12 C.2-1 D.3-1【答案】C【解析】不妨设椭圆与抛物线在第一象限的交点为A，椭圆E右焦点为F，则根据题意得AF⊥x轴，c2=a2-a2-1=1，则c=1，则F1,0，当x=1时，y2=4×1，则y A=2，则A1,2，代入椭圆方程得12a2+22a2-1=1，结合a2-1>0，不妨令a>0；解得a=2+1，则其离心率e=ca=12+1=2-1，故选：C.7已知等边△ABC 的边长为3，P 为△ABC 所在平面内的动点，且|P A |=1，则PB ⋅PC 的取值范围是()A.-32,92B.-12,112C.[1,4]D.[1,7]【答案】B【解析】如下图构建平面直角坐标系，且A -32,0 ，B 32,0 ，C 0,32，所以P (x ,y )在以A 为圆心，1为半径的圆上，即轨迹方程为x +322+y 2=1，而PB =32-x ,-y ,PC =-x ,32-y ，故PB ⋅PC =x 2-32x +y 2-32y =x -34 2+y -34 2-34，综上，只需求出定点34,34 与圆x +322+y 2=1上点距离平方范围即可，而圆心A 与34,34 的距离d =34+32 2+34 2=32，故定点34,34与圆上点的距离范围为12,52，所以PB ⋅PC ∈-12,112.故选：B 8设a 、b 、c ∈0,1 满足a =sin b ，b =cos c ，c =tan a ，则()A.a +c <2b ，ac <b 2B.a +c <2b ，ac >b 2C.a +c >2b ，ac <b 2D.a +c >2b ，ac >b 2【答案】A【解析】∵a 、b 、c ∈0,1 且a =sin b ，b =cos c ，c =tan a ，则c =tan a =tan sin b ，先比较a +c =sin b +tan sin b 与2b 的大小关系，构造函数f x =sin x +tan sin x -2x ，其中0<x <1，则0<sin x <1，所以，cos1<cos sin x <1，则f x =cos x +cos xcos 2sin x -2=cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos x cos 2sin x，令g x =cos x -1-12x 2 ，其中x ∈0,1 ，则g x =x -sin x ，令p x =x -sin x ，其中0<x <1，所以，p x =1-cos x >0，所以，函数g x 在0,1 上单调递增，故g x >g 0 =0，所以，函数g x 在0,1 上单调递增，则g x =cos x -1-12x 2 >0，即cos x >1-12x 2，因为x ∈0,1 ，则0<sin x <sin1，所以，cos sin x >1-12sin 2x =1-121-cos 2x =121+cos 2x ，所以，cos 2sin x >141+cos 2x 2，因为cos x -2<0，所以，cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos x <14cos x -2 1+cos 2x 2+cos x=14cos 5x -2cos 4x +2cos 3x -4cos 2x +5cos x -2 =14cos x -1 3cos 2x +cos x +2 <0，所以，对任意的x ∈0,1 ，f x =cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos xcos 2sin x <0，故函数f x 在0,1 上单调递减，因为b ∈0,1 ，则f b =sin b +tan sin b -2b <f 0 =0，故a +c <2b ，由基本不等式可得0<2ac ≤a +c <2b (a ≠c ，故取不了等号)，所以，ac <b 2，故选：A .二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9某大学生做社会实践调查，随机抽取6名市民对生活满意度进行评分，得到一组样本数据如下：88、89、90、90、91、92，则下列关于该样本数据的说法中正确的是()A.均值为90B.中位数为90C.方差为2D.第80百分位数为91【答案】ABD【解析】由题意可知，该组数据的均值为x =88+89+90+90+91+926=90，故A 正确；中位数为90+902=90，故B 正确；方差为s 2=1688-90 2+89-90 2+90-90 2×2+91-90 2+92-90 2 =53，故C 错误；因为6×80%=4.8，第80百分位数为91，故D 正确.故选：ABD .10设M ，N ，P 为函数f x =A sin ωx +φ 图象上三点，其中A >0，ω>0，ϕ <π2，已知M ，N 是函数f x 的图象与x 轴相邻的两个交点，P 是图象在M ，N 之间的最高点，若MP 2+2MN ⋅NP=0，△MNP 的面积是3，M 点的坐标是-12,0 ，则()A.A =2B.ω=π2C.φ=π4D.函数f x 在M ，N 间的图象上存在点Q ，使得QM ⋅QN <0【答案】BCD【解析】MP 2+2MN ⋅NP =MP 2-2NM ⋅NP =MP 2-2NM ⋅12NM =T 4 2+A 2 -T 22=A 2-3T 216=0，而S △MNP =AT 4=3，故A =3，T =4=2πω，ω=π2，A 错误、B 正确；-12⋅π2+φ=k π，φ=k π+π4(k ∈Z )，而ϕ <π2，故φ=π4，C 正确；显然，函数f x 的图象有一部分位于以MN 为直径的圆内，当Q 位于以MN 为直径的圆内时，QM⋅QN<0，D 正确，故选:BCD .11设a 为常数，f (0)=12,f (x +y )=f (x )f (a -y )+f (y )f (a -x )，则()．A .f (a )=12B .f (x )=12成立C f (x +y )=2f (x )f (y )D .满足条件的f (x )不止一个【答案】ABC 【解析】f (0)=12,f (x +y )=f (x )f (a -y )+f (y )f (a -x )对A ：对原式令x =y =0，则12=12f a +12f a =f a ，即f a =12，故A 正确；对B ：对原式令y =0，则f x =f x f a +f 0 f a -x =12f x +12f a -x ，故f x =f a -x ，对原式令x =y ，则f 2x =f x f y +f y f x =2f x f y =2f 2x ≥0，故f x 非负；对原式令y =a -x ，则f a =f 2x +f 2a -x =2f 2x =12，解得f x =±12，又f x 非负，故可得f x =12，故B 正确；对C ：由B 分析可得：f x +y =2f x f y ，故C 正确；对D ：由B 分析可得：满足条件的f x 只有一个，故D 错误.故选：ABC .三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12在复平面内，复数z =-12+32i 对应的向量为OA ，复数z +1对应的向量为OB ，那么向量AB 对应的复数是．。

2014-2015学年高三数学（理科）限时训练（8）一、选择题1.已知)2,23(,1312cos ππαα∈=，则=+)4(cos πα （ ） A.1325 B. 1327 C. 26217 D. 2627 2.若均βα,为锐角，==+=ββααcos ,53)(sin ,552sin 则（ ） A. 552 B. 2552 C. 2552552或D. 552- 3.=+-)12sin12(cos)12sin12(cosππππ（ ）A. 23-B. 21-C. 21D. 234.=-+0tan50tan703tan50tan70 （ ）A.3 B.33 C. 33- D. 3- 5.=⋅+ααααcos2cos cos212sin22（ ） A. αtan B. αtan2 C. 1 D.21 6.已知x 为第三象限角，化简=-x 2cos 1（ ）A.x sin 2 B. x sin 2- C. x cos 2 D. x cos 2-7. 已知等腰三角形顶角的余弦值等于54,则这个三角形底角的正弦值为（ ） A ．1010 B ．1010- C ．10103 D ．10103-8. 若).(),sin(32cos 3sin 3ππϕϕ-∈-=-x x x ，则=ϕ（ ）A. 6π- B.6π C. 65π D. 65π-二、填空题9．已知βα,为锐角，的值为则βαβα+==,51cos ,101cos ．10．在ABC ∆中，已知tanA ,tanB 是方程23720x x -+=的两个实根，则tan C = ．11.若542cos ,532sin-==αα，则角α的终边在 象限． 12.代数式sin15cos75cos15sin105oooo+= _______.13. 化简sin 2sin cos 2cos 1θθθθ+++=________________.14．函数22sin cos()336x x y π=++的图象中相邻两对称轴的距离是_______________. 答题栏姓名：_____________________学号：_____________________分数：_____________________9．___________________ 10．_________________ 11．_________________12.___________________ 13．_________________ 14.__________________15.已知函数2())2sin ()()612f x x x x R ππ=-+-∈.（1）求函数()f x 的最小正周期; （2）求函数()f x 取得最大值的所有x 组成的集合.答题栏姓名：_____________________学号：_____________________分数：_____________________9．______43π______ 10．____7-______ 11．_______第四____12.______ 1_____ 13．______tan θ___ 14._____ 32π_____15.解：（1())1cos 2()612f x x x ππ=-+--)cos(2)166x x ππ=---+1)cos(2)]1626x x ππ=---+2sin[(2)]166x ππ=--+2sin(2)13x π=-+。