英语国际音标表和发音图解

48个国际音标表

元

音 12个单元音 长元音 i: u: a:

短元音 i [u] e

8个双元音 ai ei i i u au

辅

音 10对 清辅音 p t k f s ∫ [tr ts

浊辅音 b d g v z dr dz

3个鼻音 m n

3个似拼音 h r l

2个半元音 w j

48个音标发音要领讲义

Unit 1

长元音[i:] 舌尖抵下齿，口腔肌肉紧张，面部表情呈微笑状。 [i:t] eat 吃

[bi:] bee 蜜蜂 [si:]see 看见

短元音[i] 舌尖抵下齿，口形偏平，开口度比[i:] 大。

[big] big 大的 [iz] is 是

短元音[e] 发音时舌尖抵下齿，嘴形扁平，上下齿之间距离为小指的宽度。（这个音容易忘记，忘记时想想字母 F, L ,M ,N ） [bed] bed 床

[get] get 到达

短元音[] 舌尖抵下齿，嘴要故意张很大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指的宽度。

注意：开口度 [] ﹥ [e] ﹥ [i] ﹥ [i:]

清辅音[p] 和浊辅音[b] /p/是p的发音，/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。

清辅音[t] 和浊辅音[d] /t/是t的发音，/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。

清辅音[k] 和浊辅音[g] /k/ //--/k/是字母k和字母c的发音，//是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不振动；//是浊辅音，声带振动。

英语国际音标表和发音图解

一、英语国际音标表（48个）

元音（20个）

辅音（28个）

清辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/

浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/

清辅音 /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/

浊辅音 /ʒ/ / r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/

半元音 / j/ / w/

边音 / ǀ/

二、英语音标及字母组合对照

1.元音:

(1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie

ei （eo ey i）

three tree green sheep

meet beef see seek

eat tea meat leave lead

teacher team mean speak

clean please

he she me

piece receive ceiling (2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u

a

sit picture it is list six mix

fix fit pig big build miss

myth many twenty happy

dictionary

defect decide delicious

(3) [ æ ] 发音字母 a

bag hand and ant happy

hat map mad bad black

back glad flag shall man 长元音 /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /U:/

短元音 / ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/

双元音 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/

英语音标发音表

英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。

国际音标（英语语音）

元音 单元音 前元音 [i:] [i] [e] [æ]

中元音 [ʌ] [ə:] [ə]

后元音 [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [a:]

双元音 开合双元音 [ei] [ai] [ɔi] [əu] [au]

集中双元音 [iə] [εə] [uə]

辅音 爆破音 清辅音 [p] [t] [k]

浊辅音 [b] [d] [g]

摩擦音 清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h]

浊辅音 [v] [z] [ʒ] [ð]

破擦音 清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts]

浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz]

鼻音 （浊辅音） [m] [n] [ŋ]

舌则音 （浊辅音） [l] [r]

半元音 （浊辅音） [w] [j]

发音规则

1 元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [i] 发音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) []字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) [] 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash 11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full 12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book should could put full bull pull push women whose 13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) [ai] 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) [] 字母组合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) [iε] 字母组合 eer beer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) [] 字母组合ear air pear bear chair air fair care there where 20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower 2 容易混淆的元音 [A] [e] bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i：] [ei] real rail greet great mean main read raid [e] [ai] bet bite red write said side head hide [aU] [R：] house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [aU] [Q] found fond down done gown gone town ton 3辅音 1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) [b] book big boot bike bread break 3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule schema (字母组合ch) 6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language 7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb 8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) [r] read red right run room write 12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) [v] very evening even every voice vest of 14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) [T] that this those these though 18) [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) [V] pleasure 20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who 21) [w] when what where window wind wood 22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk 26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink 27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts 28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的辅音 [v] [w] vest west vet wet vine wine very well [s] [W] sink think mass math miss myth sort sought [z] [T] close cloth breeze breathe [n] [N] thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 添加一点:

英语国际音标及字母组合发音

英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。

国际音标（英语语音）

元音 单元音 前元音 [i:] [ɪ ] [e] [æ]

中元音 [ ɜ:] [ə] [ʌ]

后元音 [u:] [ʊ] [ɔ:] [ɒ] [ɑ:]

双元音 合口双元音 [eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ]

集中双元音 [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə]

辅音 爆破音 清辅音 [p] [t] [k]

浊辅音 [b] [d] [g]

摩擦音 清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h]

浊辅音 [v] [z] [ʒ] [ð]

破擦音 清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts]

浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz]

鼻音 （浊辅音） [m] [n] [ŋ]

舌则音 （浊辅音） [l]

滑动音 （浊辅音） [w] [j] [r]

前元音： [i:] 、[ɪ] 、[e]、 [æ]

[i:] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，与字母E的发音相同。

[ɪ] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。

[e] 嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。

[æ] 嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。

[i:] 字母组合:ee ea e

three tree green sheep meet beef see

fifteen

eat tea meat please teacher easy speak clean

he she me we be

ɪ] 发音字母 i y e

sit picture it is list six think quilt pig big build

many twenty happy dictionary