A design-first curriculum for teaching Java in a CS1 course
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curriculum design和course design【释义】curriculum design课程设计:指根据教育目标和学生需求,制定教学计划和教学内容的过程。
【短语】1curriculum design model课程设计的模式2Multimodal Curriculum Design多元模式课程3Study of Curriculum Design课程设计研究4Language curriculum design语言课程设计5During curriculum design课程设计期间6electronics curriculum design电子学课程设计7curriculum design of electronic circuit电子电路课程设计8Electronic technology curriculum design电子技术课程设计1I do curriculum design of the time.我做课程设计的时候用的。
2This is what I do curriculum design!这是我做的课程设计!3Providing their best ideas on curriculum design;对课程设计给出自己最好的想法;4This is the data structure of a curriculum design.这是数据结构的一个课程设计。
5The principle is to compile part of the curriculum design.是编译原理的部分课程设计。
6This is a computer graphics curriculum design in its entirety.这个是计算机图形学的课程设计的全部内容。
7In curriculum design,it sums up the principle of combining the four.在课程设计上,总结了四个相结合的原则。
第1篇Introduction:English teaching has become an essential part of the educational system worldwide. As a language that connects people from diverse cultures, the ability to communicate in English is crucial for personal and professional growth. This essay aims to discuss the practice and effectiveness of English teaching, focusing on various strategies and their impact on students' learning outcomes.I. The Practice of English Teaching1. Curriculum DesignThe design of an effective English curriculum is crucial for successful teaching. It should encompass a balance of four language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. The curriculum should also cater to different levels of proficiency and learning styles, ensuring that every student can benefit from the course.2. Classroom ManagementCreating a positive and engaging learning environment is essential for effective English teaching. This involves maintaining discipline, managing classroom activities, and fostering a culture of respect and cooperation among students. Teachers should be well-versed in various classroom management techniques to create an optimal learning atmosphere.3. Teaching MethodsThere are numerous teaching methods that can be employed in English teaching. Some of the most popular include:a. Communicative Approach: This method emphasizes interaction and communication among students. It encourages the use of the target language in real-life contexts, thereby promoting fluency and confidence.b. Task-Based Learning: This approach focuses on accomplishing tasks that require the application of language skills. Tasks can range fromsimple conversations to complex projects, ensuring that students engage with the language in meaningful ways.c. Inquiry-Based Learning: This method involves students in asking questions and seeking answers related to the subject matter. It promotes critical thinking and problem-solving skills, as well as a deeper understanding of the language.4. Technology IntegrationThe integration of technology in English teaching can greatly enhance the learning experience. Tools such as interactive whiteboards, educational apps, and online resources can make lessons more dynamic and engaging. Additionally, technology can help bridge the gap between different learning styles and cater to the needs of diverse students.II. The Effectiveness of English Teaching1. Improved Language ProficiencyOne of the primary goals of English teaching is to enhance students' language proficiency. By implementing effective teaching strategies, such as the communicative approach and task-based learning, students can develop their reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. This leads to improved overall language proficiency.2. Enhanced Communication SkillsEnglish teaching not only focuses on language skills but also on communication skills. By engaging in interactive activities and discussions, students learn how to express their thoughts and ideas effectively. This can be particularly beneficial in professional and social contexts.3. Increased Cultural AwarenessEnglish is a global language, and learning it can open doors to various cultures. By incorporating cultural elements into the curriculum, teachers can help students develop an appreciation for differentcultures and enhance their cross-cultural communication skills.4. Motivation and EngagementEffective English teaching can significantly increase student motivation and engagement. When students are involved in meaningful and enjoyable activities, they are more likely to be motivated to learn and improve their language skills.5. Academic and Professional AdvancementProficiency in English can lead to better academic and professional opportunities. Students who excel in English are more likely to succeed in higher education and secure better job prospects. This highlights the importance of effective English teaching in preparing students forfuture challenges.Conclusion:The practice and effectiveness of English teaching are essential components of a successful language learning experience. Byincorporating a variety of teaching methods, managing the classroom effectively, and integrating technology, teachers can create an engaging and supportive learning environment. The positive outcomes of effective English teaching, such as improved language proficiency, enhanced communication skills, and increased cultural awareness, make it acrucial aspect of education.第2篇Introduction:English teaching has become an essential part of education in many countries, as it is the international language of communication. As an English teacher, it is crucial to develop effective teaching strategies and methods to enhance students' language proficiency. This paper aims to discuss the practice and effectiveness of English teaching in my classroom, focusing on the implementation of various teaching methods, student engagement, and the overall impact on students' language skills.I. Teaching Methods1. Communicative ApproachThe communicative approach emphasizes the importance of communication in language learning. In my classroom, I encourage students to engage in various activities such as group discussions, role-plays, and presentations. These activities help students practice their speakingand listening skills, as well as develop their confidence in using the language.2. Task-Based LearningTask-based learning involves students in completing real-life tasks that require them to use English. By assigning tasks such as writing a report, designing a poster, or creating a video, I motivate students to learnthe language in a practical context. This approach helps students understand the relevance of English in their daily lives.3. Technology IntegrationIncorporating technology into English teaching can make the learning process more engaging and interactive. I utilize tools such asmultimedia presentations, online resources, and educational apps to facilitate student learning. For example, I use interactive whiteboards to display vocabulary lists, grammar rules, and pictures, making the lesson more visually appealing and memorable.II. Student Engagement1. Interactive LessonsTo keep students engaged, I design interactive lessons that involve various activities and games. For instance, I use the "Who Am I?" gameto practice vocabulary, where students have to ask yes-or-no questionsto guess the identity of the person. This game promotes participationand encourages students to think critically.2. Group WorkGroup work allows students to collaborate and learn from each other. By assigning group projects, I encourage students to share ideas, discussthe content, and contribute to the final product. This approach not only enhances their language skills but also fosters teamwork and communication.3. Student-Centered ActivitiesStudent-centered activities empower students to take control of their learning. I provide opportunities for students to choose topics of interest, conduct research, and present their findings. This approach allows students to explore the language in a meaningful way and develop their critical thinking skills.III. Effectiveness of English Teaching1. Improved Language ProficiencyThe implementation of various teaching methods and activities has led to a significant improvement in students' language proficiency. Students have shown greater confidence in speaking, listening, reading, and writing English. Their ability to express themselves effectively in different contexts has also improved.2. Increased MotivationBy incorporating engaging and interactive lessons, students have become more motivated to learn English. They enjoy the process of learning and are eager to participate in class activities. This increased motivation has a positive impact on their overall language development.3. Enhanced Critical Thinking SkillsThrough task-based learning and student-centered activities, students have developed critical thinking skills. They are now able to analyze information, solve problems, and make decisions using English. This development is crucial for their academic and personal growth.Conclusion:The practice and effectiveness of English teaching in my classroom have demonstrated the importance of implementing diverse teaching methods, fostering student engagement, and promoting language proficiency. Byfocusing on communication, practical application, and critical thinking, I have seen significant improvements in my students' language skills. As an English teacher, it is essential to continue exploring and adopting new strategies to meet the evolving needs of students in an ever-changing globalized world.第3篇In recent years, the importance of English education has beenincreasingly recognized in the global context. As a language thatbridges cultures and facilitates international communication, mastering English has become a crucial skill for students worldwide. This paper aims to analyze a comprehensive English teaching practice and its subsequent effects on students' language proficiency, cognitive development, and overall educational experience.I. IntroductionThe English teaching practice in question was implemented in a public high school located in a bustling city in China. The program was designed to cater to students from diverse cultural backgrounds and varied English proficiency levels. The teaching methods employed in this practice included a combination of traditional and innovative approaches, such as communicative language teaching, project-based learning, and technology integration.II. Teaching Methods and Strategies1. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT): This approach emphasized interaction and communication as the primary means of language learning. Teachers encouraged students to engage in discussions, debates, andgroup projects, which helped them to develop their speaking andlistening skills. Activities like role-plays, simulations, and debates were incorporated into the curriculum to promote active participationand collaboration.2. Project-Based Learning (PBL): PBL allowed students to explore real-world issues and develop critical thinking skills. By working onprojects that required research, collaboration, and presentation,students were able to apply their language knowledge in practical contexts. This method also fostered a sense of ownership and motivation among students.3. Technology Integration: The use of technology, such as interactive whiteboards, tablets, and online resources, enhanced the learning experience. Students were exposed to authentic materials like videos, podcasts, and e-books, which enriched their vocabulary and cultural understanding.4. Assessment and Feedback: Continuous formative assessments were conducted to monitor students' progress. Teachers provided timely feedback and personalized support to address individual needs. This approach helped students to identify their strengths and weaknesses and make targeted improvements.III. Effects of the Teaching Practice1. Improved Language Proficiency: The implementation of the teaching practice resulted in significant improvements in students' English language proficiency. The communicative approach facilitated better speaking and listening skills, while project-based learning enhanced reading and writing abilities. According to a pre-test and post-test analysis, students showed a 20% increase in overall language proficiency.2. Enhanced Cognitive Development: The diverse teaching methods and activities engaged students' minds and encouraged critical thinking. By working on real-world projects, students developed problem-solving skills, creativity, and innovation. The use of technology also helped students to become more adaptable and technologically literate.3. Increased Motivation and Engagement: The innovative teaching methods and student-centered approach increased students' motivation and engagement in the learning process. According to a survey, 85% of students reported that the teaching practice made learning English more enjoyable and interesting.4. Improved Cultural Understanding: Exposure to authentic materials and diverse cultural contexts helped students to develop a broaderperspective and cultural understanding. This, in turn, enhanced their ability to communicate effectively in cross-cultural settings.5. Positive Impact on Academic Performance: The enhanced language skills and cognitive development had a positive impact on students' academic performance. Students who participated in the teaching practice showed improved scores in English exams and other subjects that required language skills.IV. ConclusionThe English teaching practice discussed in this paper demonstrated the effectiveness of a combination of traditional and innovative methods in improving students' language proficiency, cognitive development, and overall educational experience. By focusing on communication, collaboration, and cultural understanding, the teaching practice successfully prepared students for the challenges of the globalized world. Moving forward, educators should continue to explore and implement effective teaching strategies that cater to the diverse needs of learners and promote lifelong language learning.V. Recommendations1. Continued Professional Development: Teachers should engage in continuous professional development to stay updated with the latest teaching methods and technologies.2. Collaboration with Educators: Collaboration among educators can help in sharing best practices and developing innovative teaching approaches.3. Parental Involvement: Encouraging parental involvement can create a supportive learning environment and enhance students' motivation.4. Adaptation to Diverse Learning Styles: Teachers should adapt their teaching methods to cater to the diverse learning styles and needs of students.5. Focus on Technology Integration: The integration of technology in the classroom should be prioritized to provide students with authentic and engaging learning experiences.。
上海市高中英语学科教学基本要求(试验本)全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Requirements for High School English Subject Teaching in Shanghai (Experimental Version)I. PreambleThe Shanghai Municipal Education Commission has formulated the following basic requirements for high school English subject teaching in order to improve the quality of English education, promote students' comprehensive development, and enhance their international competitiveness. These requirements are based on the principles ofstudent-centered learning, teacher development, and continuous improvement in teaching methods.II. Curriculum Design1. Curriculum Structure: The high school English curriculum should cover four main areas - language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing), language knowledge (vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation), communication skills (oralpresentations, group discussions), and cultural awareness (literature, history, customs).2. Curriculum Content: The curriculum content should be relevant, engaging, and diverse, reflecting the cultural diversity of English-speaking countries while also incorporating local and global issues.III. Teaching Methods1. Student-Centered Approach: Teachers should adopt a student-centered approach in their teaching, encouraging active participation, critical thinking, and self-directed learning.2. Differentiated Instruction: Teachers should cater to students' individual learning needs, abilities, and interests through differentiated instruction, providing various learning materials and activities to accommodate diverse learning styles.3. Technology Integration: Teachers should utilize technology in the classroom to enhance teaching and learning, incorporating multimedia resources, online platforms, and interactive tools to engage students and facilitate language practice.IV. Assessment and Evaluation1. Formative Assessment: Teachers should use formative assessment techniques such as quizzes, homework assignments, and classroom discussions to monitor students' progress, provide timely feedback, and adjust teaching strategies accordingly.2. Summative Assessment: Teachers should administer summative assessments, including exams, projects, and presentations, to evaluate students' overall language proficiency, communication skills, and cultural understanding.V. Professional Development1. Continuous Learning: Teachers should engage in ongoing professional development activities, such as workshops, seminars, and conferences, to enhance their teaching skills, expand their knowledge of language teaching methodologies, and stay abreast of new trends in English education.2. Collaboration and Reflection: Teachers should collaborate with colleagues, share best practices, and engage in reflective practices to improve their teaching effectiveness and promote a culture of continuous improvement in English subject teaching.In conclusion, the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission is committed to promoting high-quality Englisheducation in high schools by implementing these basic requirements for English subject teaching. By adhering to these guidelines, teachers can create a stimulating learning environment that empowers students to become proficient English speakers, critical thinkers, and global citizens.篇2Shanghai Municipal High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements (Trial Edition)I. IntroductionThe Shanghai Municipal Education Commission has recently issued a set of basic requirements for English teaching in high schools in the city. These requirements aim to improve the quality of English education, enhance students' language proficiency, and promote the development of their communicative skills. The following document outlines the key components of these basic requirements.II. Curriculum Design1. The English curriculum should be aligned with the National Curriculum Standards for English Language Education, focusing on the development of students' listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.2. The curriculum should incorporate a variety of learning activities, including group work, pair work, role-play, and project-based learning.3. Teachers should use a variety of teaching methods and materials, such as multimedia resources, authentic texts, and language games, to engage students and promote active learning.III. Assessment and Evaluation1. Assessment should be an integral part of the teaching and learning process, with a focus on formative assessment to provide real-time feedback to students and inform instructional decisions.2. Assessment should be varied and include both traditional tests and more authentic assessments, such as oral presentations, writing portfolios, and project-based assessments.3. Teachers should use assessment data to monitor students' progress, identify areas for improvement, and inform future instruction.IV. Professional Development1. Teachers should have the opportunity to participate in professional development activities, such as workshops,seminars, and peer observation, to enhance their teaching skills and keep abreast of new trends in English language education.2. Teachers should collaborate with colleagues, share best practices, and engage in reflective practice to continuously improve their teaching.3. Schools should provide teachers with sufficient resources and support to implement the basic requirements effectively.V. ConclusionThe Shanghai Municipal High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements provide a framework forhigh-quality English education in high schools in the city. By adhering to these requirements, teachers can create a dynamic and engaging learning environment that fosters students' language proficiency and communicative competence. With a focus on curriculum design, assessment and evaluation, and professional development, schools can ensure that students receive a comprehensive and effective English education that prepares them for success in the globalized world.篇3Shanghai High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements (Experimental Edition)1. BackgroundShanghai is one of the most advanced regions in China in terms of education. The education system in Shanghai has always been at the forefront of national reform, especially in the field of high school education. In recent years, Shanghai has been exploring new teaching methods and strategies to enhance the quality of high school education, with a focus on the English subject.2. ObjectivesThe main objectives of the Shanghai High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements (Experimental Edition) are:- To improve the overall English proficiency of high school students- To cultivate students' interest and enthusiasm for learning English- To enhance students' ability to communicate effectively in English- To prepare students for higher education and future careers that require proficiency in English3. Curriculum DesignThe curriculum for the English subject in Shanghai high schools is designed to be comprehensive and systematically structured. It includes a balanced mix of listening, speaking, reading, and writing activities, as well as grammar and vocabulary exercises. The curriculum also incorporates elements of critical thinking, creativity, and cultural awareness to help students develop a well-rounded understanding of the language.4. Teaching MethodsIn order to achieve the objectives of the curriculum, teachers are encouraged to use a variety of teaching methods that cater to the diverse learning styles and needs of students. These methods may include multimedia presentations, group work, project-based learning, and interactive activities. Teachers are also encouraged to provide timely and constructive feedback to students to help them improve their English skills.5. AssessmentAssessment in the English subject is designed to be fair, transparent, and effective. It includes a mix of formative and summative assessments that gauge students' progress and proficiency in English. Teachers may use a variety of assessment tools, such as tests, quizzes, projects, presentations, anddiscussions, to evaluate students' language skills. The assessment criteria are clearly defined and aligned with the learning objectives of the curriculum.6. Professional DevelopmentIn order to ensure the successful implementation of the Shanghai High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements (Experimental Edition), teachers receive ongoing professional development and training. This training may include workshops, seminars, conferences, and peer observations, as well as access to online resources and materials. Teachers are encouraged to collaborate with their colleagues and share best practices to enhance their teaching skills.7. ConclusionThe Shanghai High School English Subject Teaching Basic Requirements (Experimental Edition) represent a significant step forward in the reform of high school education in Shanghai. By focusing on the improvement of English proficiency among students, these requirements aim to enhance the quality of education and prepare students for success in the globalized world. With a well-designed curriculum, innovative teaching methods, effective assessment strategies, and ongoingprofessional development, Shanghai high schools are well-positioned to achieve these objectives.。
2024年教师资格考试高级中学英语学科知识与教学能力模拟试卷与参考答案一、单项选择题(本大题有30小题,每小题2分,共60分)1、题干:The teacher’s ability to foster critical thinking in students is particularly important in the discipline of ________.A. MathematicsB. HistoryC. EnglishD. Science答案:C解析:The correct answer is C. English. The question emphasizes the importance of fostering critical thinking, which is a key aspect of language arts education. English as a discipline often emphasizes critical thinking skills, such as analyzing texts and interpreting literature, which makes it the most relevant option among the choices provided.2、题干:Which of the following is NOT a common instructional strategy used to promote student engagement in an English class?A. Group discussionsB. Project-based learningC. Teacher-centered lecturesD. Socratic seminars答案:C解析:The correct answer is C. Teacher-centered lectures. The question asks for the instructional strategy that is NOT common for promoting student engagement. Group discussions (A), project-based learning (B), and Socratic seminars (D) are all known to increase student participation and engagement.Teacher-centered lectures (C), on the other hand, are more traditional and may not encourage active student involvement as much as the other strategies.3、The se ntence “She has a bright smile” can be paraphrased as:A. She has a cheerful expression.B. She has a dim smile.C. She has a bright thought.D. She has a dark smile.Answer: AExplanation: The phrase “a bright smile” implies a pleasant and friendly expres sion, which can be accurately paraphrased as “a cheerful expression.” The other options either change the meaning or are not close synonyms of the original phrase.4、Which of the following sentences is an example of a declarative sentence?A. “Where is my pen?”B. “I will be there tomorrow.”C. “Don’t you think she’s talented?”D. “Can you help me with this?”Answer: BExplanation: A declarative sentence makes a statement or declares a fact. “I will be there tomorrow” is a clear statement of future intentio n, making it a declarative sentence. The other options are questions (A and D) or a tag question (C), which are not declarative sentences.5、The teacher’s role in the classroom is crucial for student learning. Which of the following statements best describes the role of a teacher in fostering student engagement?A)The teacher should act as a passive facilitator, allowing students to guide their ownlearning.B)The teacher should dominate the class, ensuring that all students follow the samecurriculum.C)The teacher should create a supportive and interactive environment that encouragesstudent participation.D)The teacher should primarily focus on correcting student mistakes to improve theirperformance.Answer: C) The teacher should create a supportive and interactive environment that encourages student participation.Explanation: A supportive and interactive classroom environment is essential for student engagement. This approach allows students to actively participate in their learning, which can lead to better understanding and retention of the material.6、When designing a lesson plan for a unit on environmental conservation, which of the following teaching strategies would be most effective in promoting critical thinking and understanding among students?A)Presenting a lecture and providing a list of facts about different environmental issues.B)Using multimedia presentations to showcase images and videos related toenvironmental conservation.C)Facilitating a debate or discussion on the causes and solutions to environmentalproblems.D)Assigning a research project where students investigate a specific environmentalissue.Answer: C) Facilitating a debate or discussion on the causes and solutions to environmental problems.Explanation: A debate or discussion encourages students to think critically about the topic, analyze different perspectives, and develop arguments. This interactive approach can enhance their understanding and appreciation of the complexities involved in environmental conservation.7、The following sentence is a fragment. Which of the following words can be added to make it a complete sentence?A. The students enjoyed the movie, but they _______.B. The students were enjoying the movie _______.C. The students enjoyed the movie _______.D. The students were enjoying the movie, and they _______.Answer: BExplanation: The sentence “The students were enjoying the movie” is a complete sentence on its own. The word “but” can be added to show contrast with the following clause, making it a compound sentence. The other options do not make the sentence grammatically correct or complete.8、Which of the following sentence structures is most appropriate for describing a sequence of events?A. It is important that we should do this, because it will help us learn.B. The first step is to collect the necessary information, the second step is to analyze it, and the final step is to make a decision.C. Although we tried, we were unable to reach the destination on time.D. If we do not act now, the situation will become worse.Answer: BExplanation: The structure “The first step is to collect the necessary information, the second step is to analyze it, and the final step is to make a decision” effectively describes a sequence of events, with each step clearly identified. The other options do not present a clear sequence of events.9、The sentence “The students were all engaged in their activities when the bell rang.” is an example of which tense structure?A. Simple PresentB. Simple PastC. Present ContinuousD. Past ContinuousAnswer: C. Present ContinuousExplanation: The sentence describes an action that was ongoing at the moment the bell rang. The present continuous tense is used to talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking, which fits the context of the sentence.10、In the following sentence, “She has finished her homework and is now preparing for the exam,” which part of speech is underlined?A. has finishedB. herC. nowD. preparingAnswer: D. preparingExplanation: The underlined word “preparing” is a gerund, which is a verb form that functions as a noun. Gerunds are often used as subjects, objects, or complements in sentences. In this case, “preparing” is the gerund that functions as the subject of the second clause.11.The teacher, who has been teaching for five years, is highly respected by his students for his_______teaching style.A. creativeB. strictC. humorousD. traditionalAnswer: AExplanation: The question is asking about the teacher’s teaching style that is highly respected by his students. “Creative” is the most appropriate choice to describe a style that is likely to be respected, as it implies innovation and engagement in the teaching process.12.In order to enhance the students’ reading comprehension, the teacher uses a variety of_______techniques in her English class.A. readingB. questioningC. listeningD. writingAnswer: BExplanation: The question is inquiring about the techniques used to improve reading comprehension in an English class. “Questioning” techniques, such as Socratic questioning or guided inquiry, are specifically designed to enhance comprehension and critical thinking skills, making it the most suitable answer among the options provided.13、What is the most appropriate tense to use when describing a routine activity that occurs on a daily basis?A. Present simpleB. Present perfectC. Past simpleD. Future simpleAnswer: A. Present simpleExplanation: The present simple tense is used to describe habits, regular routines, and general truths. It is the correct tense to use when referring to daily activities that are habits or routines.14、Which of the following sentences uses the correct form of the passive voice?A. The students are given by the teacher.B. The teacher gives the students.C. The students are given to by the teacher.D. The students are given from the teacher.Answer: C. The students are given to by the teacher.Explanation: The passive voice is formed by using the past participle of the verb after “be” followed by the subject. In this case, “given” is the past participle of “give.” The correct construction uses “given to by” to indicate that the students are the recipients of the action.15.The teacher is discussing the importance of reading aloud with the students. Which of the following statements is the most appropriate to use in this context?A)“Reading silently is better because it helps you concentrate better.”B)“Reading aloud is unnecessary; it only slows down the reading process.”C)“Reading aloud is beneficial because it enhances comprehension and pronunciation.”D)“We should only read aloud in class when we have time.”Answer: CExplanation: The correct answer is C because it highlights the positive aspects of reading aloud, such as improving comprehension and pronunciation. The other options either dismiss the importance of reading aloud or suggest it is unnecessary, which are not appropriate responses in the context of discussing its benefits.16.In a lesson on Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet,” the teacher wants to engage students in a debate about the theme of fate versus free will. Which activity would best facilitate this discussion?A)Assigning students to write a short essay on the theme.B)Organizing a group discussion with prepared questions.C)Playing a scene from the movie adaptation of the play.D)Giving students a multiple-choice quiz about the characters.Answer: BExplanation: The correct answer is B because it encourages active participation and discussion among the students, which is ideal for exploring complex themes like fate versus free will. The other options either focus on individual writing or passive consumption, which may not foster the kind of interactive and critical thinking required for this type of discussion.17.The sentence “She is as tall as her father” is an example of which sentence structure?A. ComparisonB. ConditionalC. FutureD. PastAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence “She is as tall as her father” is using the comparison structure to show that two things (her height and her father’s height) are equal.18.Which of the following sentence is correct in terms of verb tense and subject-verb agreement?A. The dog run in the park every morning.B. The dogs are runs in the park every morning.C. The dog runs in the park every morning.D. The dogs is runs in the park every morning.Answer: CExplanation: The correct sentence is “The dog runs in the park every morning.” It uses the present simple tense correctly with the subject “dog,” which is singular, and agrees with the singular verb “runs.” The other options have incorrect verb tenses or subject-verb agreement errors.19.The teacher is using a teaching strategy to encourage student participation. Which of the following is the most appropriate strategy for discussing a complex historical event?A)Presenting a detailed timeline of the event.B)Asking students to write a brief summary of the event.C)Pairing students to debate the causes and effects of the event.D)Showing a documentary about the event.Answer: C) Pairing students to debate the causes and effects of the event.Explanation: Pairing students to debate a complex historical event encourages critical thinking and collaborative learning. It allows students to engage with the material from different perspectives, fostering a deeper understanding of the event.20.In the context of English language teaching, which of the following activities is most effective for improving students’ listening skills?A)Reading aloud a passage of text and asking students to retell it.B)Listening to a short story and then summarizing the main points.C)Watching a video clip and discussing the characters’ motivations.D)Listening to a dialogue and then analyzing the pronunciation of the speakers.Answer: B) Listening to a short story and then summarizing the main points.Explanation: Listening to a short story and summarizing the main points helps students practice active listening skills, identify key information, and improve their ability to process and recall spoken language. It also encourages them to engage with the content on a deeper level.21.The sentence “He has lived here for ten years, but he doesn’t feel at home yet.” demonstrates which of the following sentence structures?A)SimpleB)ComplexC)CompoundD)Complex-complexAnswer: B) ComplexExplanation: This sentence is a complex sentence because it has one mainclause (“He doesn’t feel at home yet”) and one or more dependent clauses that provide additional information. The dependent clause “He has lived here for ten years” adds extra informa tion about the main clause.22.Which of the following phrases is an example of a gerund phrase?A)To eating ice creamB)Eating ice creamC)Eat ice creamD)Eating ice-creamAnswer: B) Eating ice creamExplanation: A gerund phrase is a phrase that functions as a noun and consists of a gerund (a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun). In this case, “Eating ice cream” is a gerund phrase that can act as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence. The other options do not fit the definition of a gerund phrase.23.What is the main purpose of using cooperative learning in the English classroom?A)To ensure that all students have the same level of English proficiency.B)To encourage students to work independently and develop their own learningstrategies.C)To promote interaction and collaboration among students.D)To test students’ ability to work under time pressure.Answer: CExplanation: The main purpose of using cooperative learning in the English classroom is topromote interaction and collaboration among students. This approach helps students develop their communication skills, critical thinking, and teamwork abilities.24.Which of the following activities is most suitable for assessing students’ understanding of a literary text in an English class?A) A written test that covers all the details of the text.B) A group discussion where students present their own interpretations of the text.C)An individual project that requires students to create a visual representation of thetext.D) A multiple-choice quiz that tests students’ recall of the main events.Answer: BExplanation: A group discussion where students present their own interpretations of the textis the most suitable activity for assessing students’ understanding of a literary text. This method encourages critical thinking, creativity, and the ability to articulate thoughts and ideas. It also promotes peer learning and collaboration.25.The following sentence is a direct quote. Which one of the following punctuation marks is correctly used at the end of the quote?A)Period (.)B)Question mark (?)C)Exclamation mark (!)D)Semicolon (;)Answer: A) Period (.)Explanation: When a direct quote is used within a sentence, it is always followed by a period. The period signifies the end of the quote.26.In the following sentence, “They had been working on the project for months, and it was finally completed,” the comma after “months” is used to:A)Separate a list of itemsB)Introduce a non-restrictive relative clauseC)Indicate a pause in the sentenceD)Separate independent clausesAnswer: B) Introduce a non-restrictive relative clause.Explanation: The comma after “months” i s used to introduce anon-restrictive relative clause, which provides additional information about the subject but is not essential to the main idea of the sentence. The clause “and it was finally completed” adds detail to the time frame of the project.27.The following sentence contains an error in verb tense usage. Which one is it?A. The students will be working on their projects until the end of the month.B. The students worked on their projects last week.C. The students are working on their projects at the moment.D. The students will have worked on their projects by the end of the month.Answer: BExplanation: The sentence that contains an error in verb tense usage is B. The correct tense should be present continuous for the ongoing action, but “worked” is in the past simple tense, which does not fit with the present continuous tense of “are working” in the other parts of the sentence.28.Choose the word that best fits the blank in the following sentence:The teacher_______to the students that the exam would be postponed due to bad weather.A. mentionedB. suggestedC. notifiedD. impliedAnswer: CExplanation: The correct word to fill in the blank is “notified.” The teacher is informing the students of an important change, which is best described by “notified,” meaning to inform formally. “Mentioned” could also be correct, but “notified” is more formal and appropriate for official announcements. “Suggested” and “implied” do not fit the context of formally informing students of a change.29、Which of the following is NOT a component of communicative language teaching (CLT)?A) Focus on accuracyB) Emphasis on using the language for real communicationC) Grammar translation as the main activityD) Task-based learning activitiesAnswer: C) Grammar translation as the main activityExplanation: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasizes the use of language for real communication and often incorporates task-based learningactivities. While focus on accuracy is also important, CLT moves away from the traditional grammar-translation method, which focuses more on the analysis and translation of written texts rather than the ability to communicate effectively in the target language.30、In the context of second language acquisition, what does the term “comprehensible input” refer to?A) Input that is slightly above the learner’s current level of competenceB) Input that is slightly below the learner’s current level of competenceC) Input that matches exactly the learner’s current level of competenceD) Any form of input regardless of the learner’s level of competenceAnswer: A) Input that is slightly above the learner’s current level of competenceExplanation: The concept of “comprehensible input,” developed by Stephen Krashen, suggests that learners acquire language best when they receive input that is just beyond their current linguistic capabilities, known as i+1, where “i” represents the learner’s current language level and “+1” is the next level of language complexity. This type of input challenges learners without overwhelming them, facilitating language acquisition effectively.二、简答题(20分)Question:In your opinion, what are the key factors that contribute to successful language learning inhigh school students? Explain how you would incorporate these factors into your teaching practice.Answer:The key factors that contribute to successful language learning in high school students include:1.Motivation: Motivation plays a crucial role in language learning. High school students need to be intrinsically motivated to learn the language, as well as extrinsically motivated by the goals and expectations set by their teachers and parents. As a teacher, I would create a positive learning environment by using engaging materials, encouraging students to set personal goals, and recognizing their achievements.2.Interaction: Interaction among students and with the teacher is essential for language learning. By incorporating activities such as group discussions, role-playing, and pair work, I would encourage students to communicate in English and practice their speaking and listening skills.3.Authentic materials: Using authentic materials such as newspapers, films, and songs can help students connect the language they learn in the classroom to real-life situations. I would integrate these materials into my lessons to provide students with practical language use.4.Effective assessment: Regular and varied assessment methods can help students monitor their progress and identify areas for improvement. As a teacher, I would use formative and summative assessments to track student performance and adapt my teaching strategies accordingly.5.Collaborative learning: Encouraging students to collaborate and worktogether can enhance their language skills and foster a sense of community in the classroom. I would incorporate group projects, peer tutoring, and cooperative learning activities to promote collaboration among students.6.Individual differences: Recognizing and addressing individual differences among students is crucial for successful language learning. I would differentiate my instruction by using varied teaching methods, providing additional support for struggling students, and challenging advanced learners.Incorporating these factors into my teaching practice would involve: •Creating a motivating and supportive learning environment•Incorporating interactive and collaborative activities•Utilizing authentic materials•Employing various assessment methods•Differentiating instruction to meet individual student needs•Continuously reflecting on and improving my teaching strategiesBy focusing on these key factors, I believe that high school students can achieve successful language learning and develop their English language skills.三、教学情境分析题(30分)III.Teaching Situation Analysis (30 points)Question 1:You are a high school English teacher preparing to teach a unit on American literature. Your students come from diverse backgrounds and have varying levelsof English proficiency. You notice that some students are particularly interested in contemporary issues, while others prefer classic literature. Considering these factors, design a lesson plan for a 45-minute class session that incorporates both traditional and modern elements of American literature. The lesson should aim to engage all students and foster critical thinking about the relevance of literature today. Include:•Objectives•Materials needed•Activities and procedures•Assessment methodsAnswer:Lesson Plan: Bridging Past and Present Through American LiteratureObjectives:1.Students will explore themes common to both classical and contemporary American literature.2.Students will analyze how different literary works reflect societal changes over time.3.Students will engage in a group discussion to compare and contrast two texts: one classical and one contemporary.Materials Needed:1.Excerpts from “The Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald (classical text).2.A short story or poem from a contemporary author such as “Interpreter of Maladies” by Jhumpa Lahiri.3.Handouts with guiding questions for each text.4.Access to online resources for additional research if available.Activities and Procedures:1.Introduction (5 minutes): Briefly introduce the authors and provide historical context for their works.2.Reading and Individual Analysis (20 minutes): Distribute the excerpts and handouts. Instruct students to read the texts silently and answer the guiding questions individually.3.Group Discussion (15 minutes): Organize students into small groups to share their insights and discuss the similarities and differences between the texts. Encourage them to consider how each work reflects its respective era.4.Whole-Class Sharing (5 minutes): Invite each group to present key points from their discussion to the class.Assessment Methods:1.Participation in group discussions will be observed and noted.2.Students’ written response s to the guiding questions will be collected and evaluated for comprehension and critical analysis.3.Group presentations will be assessed based on clarity, engagement, and depth of analysis.Analysis:This lesson plan addresses the diverse interests and English proficiency levels of the students by combining classical and contemporary literature. It allows for differentiated instruction, as students can choose which text theyfeel more comfortable with initially, yet still exposes them to both. The guiding questions facilitate deeper understanding and encourage students to make connections between the texts and the world around them, thereby enhancing their critical thinking skills. The combination of individual work, group discussion, and whole-class sharing ensures multiple opportunities for engagement and learning, catering to different learning styles and preferences within the classroom.四、教学设计题(40分)Question:Design a 45-minute lesson plan for an Advanced High School English class on the topic of “Global Warming and Its Impact on the Environment”. The lesson should include activities that encourage critical thinking, group discussion, and a creative project. Students are expected to be able to identify the causes of global warming, discuss its effects, and propose potential solutions.Answer:Lesson Title: “The Perils of Climate Change: Causes, Effects, and Solutions”Objective:By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:1.Identify the main causes of global warming.2.Discuss the effects of global warming on the environment.3.Propose potential solutions to mitigate the impact of global warming.Materials:1.Projector and screen2.Handouts with facts about global warming3.Whiteboard and markers4.Chart paper5.Pencils and colored markersLesson Outline:I. Introduction (10 minutes)1.Begin with a short video clip on global warming to spark students’ interest.2.Ask students to write down three things they learned from the video.3.Facilitate a class discussion on what global warming is and its importance.II.Group Work - Causes of Global Warming (15 minutes)1.Divide the class into small groups of four.2.Distribute handouts with facts about the causes of global warming.3.Instruct each group to identify at least three causes and explain their impact.4.Each group will create a poster highlighting their findings.5.Allow groups to present their posters to the class.III.Class Discussion - Effects of Global Warming (15 minutes)1.Discuss the effects of global warming on the environment, such as rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity.2.Facilitate a class discussion, encouraging students to share their opinions and experiences.3.Summarize the key points on the whiteboard.IV.Creative Project - Potential Solutions (5 minutes)1.Instruct students to work in pairs to brainstorm potential solutions to mitigate the impact of global warming.2.Give each pair 5 minutes to present their ideas to the class.V. Conclusion (5 minutes)1.Summarize the main points discussed in the lesson.2.Encourage students to continue exploring the topic outside the classroom.Explanation:The lesson plan is designed to engage students in an interactive and thought-provoking way. By using a combination of videos, group work, and class discussions, students will be able to gain a deeper understanding of the causes, effects, and potential solutions to global warming. The creative project allows students to apply their knowledge and come up with innovative ideas to tackle this pressing issue.。
大学英语教学指南2020 教育部全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1College English Teaching Guide 2020The Ministry of Education has released a comprehensive guide for teaching college English in 2020. This guide aims to provide educators with the latest strategies and methodologies to improve the quality of English language instruction at the university level. It emphasizes the importance of integrating various teaching approaches, technologies, and assessment methods to create a dynamic and engaging learning environment for students.The guide highlights the importance of developing students' language skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It recommends a communicative approach to language teaching, where students are encouraged to actively engage in real-life communication tasks to improve their language proficiency. In addition, the guide suggests using authentic materials such as news articles, videos, and podcasts to expose students toreal-world English language use.Furthermore, the guide emphasizes the need for incorporating technology into English language teaching. Educators are encouraged to use digital tools and resources, such as online learning platforms, virtual reality simulations, and language learning apps, to enhance students' learning experiences. These technologies can help create interactive, personalized, and student-centered learning environments that cater to different learning styles and preferences.The guide also provides recommendations for assessing students' language proficiency. It suggests using a combination of formative and summative assessment methods, such as quizzes, exams, presentations, and projects, to evaluate students' language skills and progress. Educators are encouraged to provide constructive feedback to help students improve their performance and develop their language abilities.Overall, the College English Teaching Guide 2020 from the Ministry of Education serves as a valuable resource for educators looking to enhance their English language teaching practices at the university level. By following the recommendations outlined in the guide, educators can create engaging and effective language learning experiences that empower students to achieve their language learning goals.篇2College English Teaching Guide 2020IntroductionThe College English Teaching Guide 2020 is a comprehensive document issued by the Ministry of Education of China. It aims to provide guidance and support for college English teachers in delivering effective and quality education to students. With the increasing importance of English proficiency in today's globalized world, the guide emphasizes the need for innovative and student-centered teaching methods.Key Changes and UpdatesOne of the key changes introduced in the College English Teaching Guide 2020 is the emphasis on communicative language teaching. This approach encourages students to actively engage in meaningful communication in English, rather than focusing solely on grammar and vocabulary drills. Teachers are encouraged to create communicative activities that simulate real-life situations, allowing students to practice and develop their language skills in authentic contexts.Another important update in the guide is the integration of technology in English language teaching. With the rapidadvancement of digital technology, the guide recognizes the importance of incorporating online resources, multimedia tools, and interactive platforms in the classroom. Teachers are encouraged to use various technology-based resources to enhance student engagement, facilitate language learning, and provide personalized feedback.Furthermore, the College English Teaching Guide 2020 emphasizes the importance of fostering critical thinking and creativity in language education. Teachers are encouraged to design tasks and activities that require students to analyze, evaluate, and create new knowledge. By promoting higher-order thinking skills, students are better equipped to communicate effectively in English and to think independently.Teaching Strategies and MethodologiesThe guide provides a range of teaching strategies and methodologies to help college English teachers enhance their pedagogical skills. It outlines effective approaches to lesson planning, classroom management, and assessment practices. Teachers are encouraged to create a supportive and inclusive learning environment that caters to the diverse needs and learning styles of students.In addition, the guide offers guidance on incorporating authentic materials, such as news articles, videos, and podcasts, into the curriculum. By exposing students to real-world content, teachers can help them develop their language skills and cultural awareness. Authentic materials also provide opportunities for students to explore current issues, develop critical thinking skills, and engage in meaningful discussions.Assessment and EvaluationThe College English Teaching Guide 2020 highlights the importance of fair and transparent assessment practices. Teachers are encouraged to use a variety of assessment methods, including formative assessment, summative assessment, and self-assessment. By providing regular feedback to students, teachers can monitor their progress, identify areas for improvement, and support their language development.Moreover, the guide emphasizes the use of rubrics and criteria-based assessment to ensure objectivity and consistency in evaluation. Teachers are encouraged to establish clear learning objectives and performance criteria, which can help students understand their expectations and track their own progress. By involving students in the assessment process,teachers can promote self-regulated learning and empower students to take ownership of their learning.ConclusionThe College English Teaching Guide 2020 offers valuable insights and resources for college English teachers to enhance their teaching practices. By embracing communicative language teaching, integrating technology, and promoting critical thinking skills, teachers can create engaging and effective learning experiences for students. With the support of the guide, teachers can inspire students to become confident and proficient English speakers in today's globalized world.篇3A Guide to College English Teaching in 2020With the advancement of globalization and the increasing importance of English as a Lingua Franca, the role of college English teaching has become more crucial than ever. The Ministry of Education has released a comprehensive guide for college English teaching in 2020, aiming to enhance the quality of English education in higher institutions across China.1. Curriculum Design:The guide emphasizes the importance of a well-structured and comprehensive curriculum that covers all aspects of language learning including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The integration of cultural elements and real-life situations into the curriculum is also encouraged to make the learning experience more engaging and practical for students.2. Teaching Methods:In order to meet the diverse needs of students, instructors are advised to adopt a variety of teaching methods such as communicative language teaching, task-based learning, and peer collaboration. Interactive and student-centered approaches should be prioritized to encourage active participation and enhance students' language competency.3. Technology Integration:The guide advocates for the integration of technology in English teaching to create a more interactive and dynamic learning environment. Online platforms, educational apps, and multimedia resources should be utilized to provide students with additional learning opportunities and enhance their engagement with the language.4. Assessment and Evaluation:Fair and transparent assessment practices are crucial in ensuring the effectiveness of English teaching. The guide recommends the use of both formative and summative assessments to evaluate students' language proficiency and monitor their progress over time. Continuous feedback and personalized support should be provided to help students improve their English skills.5. Professional Development:Continuous professional development is essential for college English teachers to stay updated with the latest teaching methodologies and trends. The guide encourages instructors to participate in workshops, seminars, and conferences to enhance their teaching skills and share best practices with their peers.6. Cultural Exchange Programs:To cultivate students' cross-cultural awareness and communication skills, the guide promotes the establishment of cultural exchange programs with English-speaking countries. Collaborative projects, international conferences, and student exchange programs can provide students with valuable opportunities to interact with native speakers and immerse themselves in authentic English language environments.In conclusion, the Ministry of Education's guide for college English teaching in 2020 serves as a roadmap for instructors to enhance the quality of English education in higher institutions. By following the recommendations outlined in the guide, colleges can create a more stimulating and effective learning environment that fosters students' language proficiency and intercultural competence.。
义务教育新课标英语学科教学设计全文共6篇示例,供读者参考篇1A Fresh Start for Learning EnglishHi there! My name is Amy and I'm a 4th grader at Sunshine Elementary School. I'm super excited to tell you all about the awesome changes happening with how we learn English in school. The government recently updated the curriculum standards for English classes during compulsory education (that's kindergarten through 9th grade). These new guidelines are supposed to make learning English more fun, interactive, and practical for kids like me. Let me give you the inside scoop!The biggest switch is that English classes will now focus way more on listening and speaking, rather than just reading and writing. In the past, we spent a ton of time doing grammar drills from our textbooks and reading stale dialogues. Sure, knowing vocabulary and grammar rules is important. But it was really hard to actually use English to communicate. With the new approach, we'll get to practice conversational English through games,role-plays, songs, and tons of other engaging activities. I can't wait!Another major change is that English lessons will be much more closely connected to our lives and interests as elementary schoolers. The old curriculum felt kind of random and disconnected at times. We'd learn words for furniture one week, then farm animals the next. But now the topics will center around things we actually care about - sports, music, friends, family, holidays, our favorite TV shows and books, you name it. The example dialogues will feel realistic instead of awkward. I'm sure remembering the material will be a total breeze when it's stuff I can relate to.The teachers are also going to bring way more multimedia resources and tools into the classroom. In the past, it was mostly just our textbooks, some basic audio recordings, and occasional videos the teacher dug up online. But now there will be apps, educational games, animated videos, music, and more that's specially designed for our English lessons. Think of it like awesome English learning channels on YouTube or TikTok, except made just for us! The teachers are getting trained on how to use all the latest technology to make their classes super engaging.An extra exciting part is that we'll have more chances to connect with students from other countries to practice English. Through video chat activities, we can make friends with kids learning English abroad and set up language exchanges. How cool is that? We can teach them Chinese idioms while they teach us English slang. We'll also read books, watch movies, and learn about the cultures of different English-speaking countries. I hope I can become an expert on American pop culture!The new curriculum puts a bigger emphasis on hands-on, interactive projects too. Just this week, my class had to work in groups to design a themed English restaurant. We created menus, wrote scripts for the servers to follow when greeting customers, and even staged a mock service experience. We all took turns playing different roles - servers, customers, hosts, chefs, etc. It felt like legitimate practice for the real world! For our next project, we're going to code a simple English learning game and then teach it to the younger kids at our school.I know change can sometimes be intimidating, but I'm honestly really thrilled about the updated English curriculum. Learning a language is hard work, but these new methods sound like they'll be a ton of fun and very practical. My biggest hope is that by the time I graduate from high school, I'll be fullycomfortable speaking, reading, and writing in English. Maybe I'll even become bilingual enough to work as a translator or English teacher someday. But for now, I'm just psyched to make the most of my English education over the next few years. Let the adventures in language learning begin!篇2Title: The New English Class is Awesome!Hey there, fellow kids! Have you heard about the cool new changes happening in our English classes? It's all thanks to the updated curriculum standards for teaching English during our compulsory education years. Let me tell you all about it!First off, our English classes are getting a major makeover. Gone are the days of boring textbooks and monotonous drills. Instead, we're diving into a world of fun, interactive activities that make learning English feel like a game! Can you imagine playing games while studying? It's like having your cake and eating it too!One of the best parts is the focus on practical communication skills. We're not just memorizing rules and vocabulary words anymore. Our teachers are helping us learn how to actually use English in real-life situations. Whether it'sordering food at a restaurant, asking for directions, or introducing ourselves to new friends, we're practicing all the language we need to navigate the world around us.But it's not just about speaking English. We're also exploring different cultures and customs from around the globe. It's like taking a virtual trip to fascinating places without leaving our classroom! We learn about traditions, holidays, and even try our hand at traditional arts and crafts. Who knew learning English could be so enriching?Another awesome thing about the new curriculum is the use of technology. We're not stuck with boring old textbooks anymore! Our teachers are incorporating fun apps, videos, and interactive whiteboards into our lessons. It's like having a whole world of resources at our fingertips, making learning English an adventure every single day.And you know what's really cool? We're encouraged to collaborate and work together. Gone are the days of sitting silently at our desks, listening to the teacher drone on and on. Now, we get to team up with our classmates, practice conversations, and help each other out. It's like having a built-in support system, and it makes learning English so much more enjoyable.But wait, there's more! The new curriculum also emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving skills. We're not just memorizing facts anymore; we're learning how to analyze information, think creatively, and come up with our own solutions. It's like we're becoming little detectives, using our English skills to unravel mysteries and puzzles.Overall, the new English curriculum is a game-changer. It's making learning English fun, engaging, and practical. We're not just studying a language; we're gaining valuable skills that will help us communicate with people from all over the world. And who knows? Maybe someday, we'll even get to use our English skills to travel and explore new cultures firsthand!So, what are you waiting for? Dive into the new English curriculum and get ready for an amazing adventure! Trust me, you'll never look at English class the same way again.篇3My New English Class Is So Fun!Hi everyone! My name is Lily and I'm a 4th grader at Sunshine Elementary School. I'm super excited to tell you all about the amazing changes to my English class this year becauseof the new curriculum standards. Learning English has never been so much fun!First of all, my English teacher Mrs. Park is the best. She always has the coolest activities and games planned to help us learn. Unlike before when we just had to memorize vocabulary words and grammar rules, now we get to practice speaking and listening to English in real-life situations.For example, last week we had a fun restaurant role-play activity. Mrs. Park set up our classroom like a little cafe, with menus, toy food, and everything. We took turns being the customers, servers, chefs, and cashiers. I was a server and had to go around taking everyone's orders in English. It was a little scary at first, but Mrs. Park helped me practice the right phrases like "May I take your order?" and "Would you like anything else?" By the end, I felt like a pro!Another thing I love about the new English class is all the cool stories, videos, and songs we get to experience. We just finished reading this hilarious book called "Anansi the Spider" which taught us about tricks and folk tales from other cultures. We also watched some super engaging animated videos that went along with the story to help us understand better. And you won't believe the crazy hand motions and dance moves welearned for the "Anansi" song! I had so much fun, and didn't even realize how much vocabulary and grammar I was picking up.The technology we get to use is also really neat. We have these special language learning apps on our tablets that have speaking exercises, listening games, and even digital storybooks. Sometimes we work alone on an app, sometimes we do activities together as a class. It makes practicing English feel more like playing than studying. My favorite app has this crazy fun symbol-matching game that tests how well I can hear and identify new words and sounds.What I think is really clever about the new way we're learning English is how it blends so many real-world themes andcross-curricular topics into the lessons. For instance, when we read a story about hiking and camping, we also learned camping vocabulary, navigation phrases, and survival tips. We even did a little science experiment about tying knots! Another time, we did math word problems entirely in English about counting fruits and measuring ingredients for recipes. It's amazing how learning a language can connect to so many other subjects.The assessment part is totally different too - instead of just written tests, we also have to demonstrate what we've learned by actually using English in presentations, roleplays, projects andmore. A couple weeks ago, my group had to create a short public service video in English about recycling and environmental protection. We wrote the script, acted it out, filmed it, and then presented it in front of the class. I was really nervous at first, but it ended up being so satisfying to show off my English skills in a creative way like that.I can't wait to see what other fun English adventures are in store this year! Who knew learning a new language could be this awesome? Thanks to the new curriculum, English class is definitely my favorite part of the school day.篇4My English Class is Fun and Helps Me Learn!Hi friends! My name is Lily and I'm in 3rd grade. I really like my English class this year because my teacher Ms. Roberts makes it super fun and interesting. She has a brand new way of teaching us that is different from past years. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, we don't just sit at our desks and read from a textbook anymore. Of course we still use books, but Ms. Roberts also has us do lots of interactive activities to practice what we're learning. Like last week, we were studying vocabulary words about animals. Instead of just memorizing the words from a list,she had us go outside and play charades where we acted out different animals and had to guess the words. It was so silly watching my friend Jake pretending to be a snake slithering around! But it really helped me remember words like "snake", "lion", "elephant" and more.Another thing that's different is that we learn English by doing projects and tasks, not just doing repetitive exercises. Two weeks ago, our task was to make a menu for a pretend restaurant. We had to research different foods, categorize them into courses like appetizers and entrees, and decide on prices. Then we presented our menus to the class. It helped me practice vocabulary about food and numbers, but in a really applied way instead of just filling out worksheets.Ms. Roberts also emphasizes communication a lot more than my old English teachers. She has us do roleplays, discussions, and presentations constantly to build our speaking and listening skills. Sometimes we work in pairs or groups too. Just yesterday, we did an activity where my partner and I took turns describing our dream vacation destination to each other and asking follow up questions. It was nerve-wracking at first, but it's really improving my ability to express myself and understand others in English.Honestly, my favorite part is all the games, songs, and digital activities we get to do! Last month, we spent a whole class period just singing fun action songs that taught us body part vocabulary. We also often play online matching games or do quizzes on the classroom tablets. Sometimes Ms. Roberts will show us a short video or story and then we discuss it as a class.This really grabs my attention so much better than just doing worksheets over and over.I'm really developing confidence in my English skills this year because of how Ms. Roberts structures the lessons. We focus a lot on the key vocabulary, grammar patterns, and functional language objectives for each unit through all the varied activities. But it doesn't feel like we're just mindlessly memorizing rules. We actually practice using the language in realistic situations that are fun and engaging for kids my age.For example, in our current unit about daily routines and household chores, we learned phrases like "make your bed", "walk the dog", and "load the dishwasher". But then we applied that language by performing skits about household tasks, playing a "Household Chores" board game, and doing a class survey about our weekly responsibilities at home. Next week,we're even going to make how-to videos teaching each other different chores!I'm so glad my school adopted this new approach to English teaching. Communicating, exploring topics through projects, and incorporating technology and movement makes language learning feels like play rather than work. I find myself looking forward to English class every day instead of dreading it like I used to!Overall, this new curriculum has made my English class way more engaging and effective. We're learning practical communication that's relevant to our lives as kids, not just memorizing disconnected words and rules. We get to explore interesting topics through projects that make us use the language productively. And we have a blast doing all the games, roleplays, stories, songs, and digital activities that reinforce what we're studying.I really hope we continue learning this way throughout elementary and middle school because it's helping me become a confident, capable English speaker and learner. Thanks to Ms. Roberts's awesome teaching approach, I can already see myself using my English skills to make new friends, understandmultimedia, and appreciate other cultures as I grow up in our interconnected world. What could be more important than that?篇5The New School Days Are Here!Wow, can you believe we are starting a new year with some big changes? The grown-ups have been working really hard on something called the "new curriculum standards" for English class. At first, I didn't know what that meant, but now I'm super excited!You see, English used to be kind of boring sometimes. We'd sit at our desks, repeat after the teacher, and then do tons of worksheets filling in the blanks. My hand would get so tired from all that writing! And to be honest, a lot of it didn't make much sense to me. Why were we just memorizing lists of vocabulary words and grammar rules without any real context?But the new curriculum is going to fix all that by making English much more fun, interactive, and practical for us students. The teachers have promised it will be like a whole new world!The biggest change is that English won't be taught like a separate subject anymore. Can you imagine? Instead of thoseboring English textbooks, we'll be using English as a tool to learn about other topics like science, math, art, and even PE! That's because English is the global language, and we need to know how to use it in all areas.For example, in science class we might read articles or watch videos about climate change, and then discuss them and do activities...all in English! How cool is that? We'll get to learn super fascinating content while practicing our English skills in a realistic way. No more rambling on about how "the boy kicked the ball." Yawn!The new curriculum also puts a huge emphasis on using English to communicate, not just doing rote memorization. We'll have lots of opportunities to speak, listen, read, and write through things like group projects, presentations, debates, and even performing skits or songs. Can you imagine us acting out a Shakespeare play? My drama queen self is ready!Another major part of the new curriculum is helping us become more independent learners who can continue studying English on our own after we finish school. We'll learn strategies for setting goals, tracking our progress, finding useful resources, and motivating ourselves. That's an important life skill for any subject!There's also going to be a big focus on exploring different cultures while learning English. We'll get to experience amazing literature, music, art, food, and traditions from around the world. How awesome is that? English will be our gateway to connecting with so many rich cultures. The teachers say it will help make us more open-minded global citizens. Count me in!The teachers have been explaining that we need to be patient as they figure out how to implement all the changes effectively. There may be some growing pains along the way as we all adjust. But they seem really enthusiastic about creating more motivating English learning experiences for us.I can't wait to see what adventures await as we dive into the new curriculum! Learning English always felt so disconnected from the real world before. But now, it's going to be the opposite - a bridge linking us to fascinating knowledge and cross-cultural connections. Bring it on!Who's ready to seriously level up their English skills while having way more fun? This new curriculum sounds like it will be thequest of a lifetime. Let's ensure our minds (and mouths!) are open to embracing every opportunity it brings. The world awaits, and English is the key to unlocking its wonders!篇6Yay, New English Classes!Hi there! My name is Xiaoming and I'm in 5th grade at my elementary school in China. I'm really excited because our teachers just told us about the new curriculum standards for English class starting next year. It's going to be so cool!First off, they said we're going to learn English in a way that's more practical and useful for real life. Instead of just memorizing vocabulary lists and grammar rules, we'll learn by doing fun activities and projects that let us actually use English. My favorite part is that we're going to learn English through playing games, singing songs, and even acting out little skits and roleplays. Finally, a chance to be a real star on stage!The teachers explained that the goals are for us to improve our listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in a balanced way. But most importantly, they want us to be able to communicate effectively in English. That means being able to understand others when they speak and express our own thoughts and ideas clearly.I'm especially looking forward to the new technology we'll get to use in class. Apparently, there will be educational apps andonline resources to make learning more interactive and engaging. We might even get to record ourselves speaking English and get feedback from our teachers or classmates. How high-tech is that?Another major change is that we'll learn more about other cultures and ways of life through studying the English language. The teachers said this will help us become more open-minded global citizens. We'll read stories from different countries, watch videos about their traditions, and maybe even have chances to interact with students from overseas. I can't wait to make some new international friends!There will probably be some challenges too. Like when we have to speak in front of the whole class or go on virtual language exchanges with students overseas. But our teachers assured us they'll guide us and give us plenty of encouragement along the way. As long as we stay motivated and give it our best effort, we're sure to make great progress.Honestly, I used to think English was just another boring subject we had to suffer through. But now I'm actually looking forward to it! Especially with things like educational games, cultural activities, and using smart classroom technology. Who knows, maybe I'll get so good that I can become an Englishteacher myself one day. Or even work as a translator or with an international company!The possibilities seem endless with this new way of learning English. I'm sure it'll be challenging at times, but also really rewarding. I can't wait to start developing my English skills while exploring diverse cultures and ways of thinking. This is going to be one class where it's cool to be a star student! Here's to an exciting new journey in English learning.。
《大学英语教学指南》(2020版) 课时The landscape of English language teaching at the university level has undergone significant transformations in recent years. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the demand for proficient English speakers has surged, prompting higher education institutions to reevaluate their approach to English language instruction. This guide aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key considerations and best practices for effective university-level English teaching in the year 2020 and beyond.Needs Assessment and Curriculum DesignAt the core of any successful English language program is a thorough understanding of the specific needs and goals of the student population. University administrators and faculty must engage in a comprehensive needs assessment, carefully analyzing the linguistic proficiency levels, academic and professional aspirations, and cultural backgrounds of their students. This information is then used to design a curriculum that aligns with the identified needs and learning objectives.The curriculum should be structured to provide a balanced and well-rounded approach to English language instruction, incorporating various components such as reading, writing, listening, speaking, grammar, and vocabulary development. Moreover, it is essential to integrate discipline-specific content and tasks that cater to the academic and professional interests of the students, ensuring relevance and immediate applicability of the learning outcomes.Innovative Instructional MethodologiesIn the digital age, traditional lecture-based teaching methods are often insufficient in engaging and motivating students. University English instructors must embrace innovative pedagogical approaches that leverage the power of technology and foster active learning.One such approach is the flipped classroom model, where students engage with course content, such as video lectures and online activities, outside of the classroom, freeing up in-class time for collaborative learning, problem-solving, and hands-on practice. This shift towards a more student-centered learning environment encourages critical thinking, teamwork, and the application of acquired knowledge.Additionally, the integration of multimedia resources, such as interactive simulations, language-learning apps, and online language exchange platforms, can significantly enhance the learningexperience. These tools not only provide engaging and personalized learning opportunities but also expose students to authentic language use and cultural contexts.Cultivating Intercultural CompetenceAs universities become increasingly diverse, with students from various cultural and linguistic backgrounds, the development of intercultural competence is paramount. English language instructors must adopt a culturally responsive teaching approach, acknowledging and incorporating the diverse perspectives and lived experiences of their students.This may involve incorporating culturally relevant content and materials, facilitating cross-cultural discussions and exchanges, and encouraging students to reflect on their own cultural identities and biases. By fostering an inclusive and respectful learning environment, university English programs can empower students to navigate the complexities of global communication and collaboration.Assessment and FeedbackEffective assessment practices are crucial in measuring student progress, informing instructional decisions, and providing meaningful feedback. University English programs should employ a balanced approach to assessment, incorporating both formative and summative evaluations.Formative assessments, such as in-class activities, quizzes, and regular check-ins, allow instructors to monitor student learning in real-time and make timely adjustments to their teaching strategies. Summative assessments, including midterm and final exams, research papers, and capstone projects, provide a comprehensive evaluation of student learning outcomes and the overall effectiveness of the program.In addition to traditional assessment methods, university English programs should explore alternative forms of evaluation, such as portfolio-based assessments, peer-review processes, and self-reflection exercises. These approaches not only provide a more holistic understanding of student proficiency but also foster self-awareness, critical thinking, and lifelong learning skills.Continuous Professional DevelopmentEnsuring the ongoing professional development of university English instructors is crucial for maintaining the quality and relevance of language instruction. Institutions should invest in regular training opportunities, such as workshops, conferences, and collaborative learning networks, that address emerging pedagogical strategies, technology integration, and cultural competence.Furthermore, university English programs should encourage andsupport their faculty in engaging in research, curriculum development, and the dissemination of best practices. This not only enhances the instructors' knowledge and skills but also contributes to the broader scholarly discourse on English language teaching in higher education.ConclusionThe evolving landscape of university English education demands a multifaceted approach that prioritizes student needs, embraces innovative instructional methodologies, cultivates intercultural competence, implements effective assessment practices, and promotes continuous professional development. By adopting these guiding principles, university English programs can empower their students to become confident and effective communicators, prepared to navigate the challenges and opportunities of the global marketplace.。
教师资格认定考试初级中学英语模拟题29一、单项选择题在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案。
1. What is the correct way to read the decimal "176. (江南博哥)307" in English?A.One hundred and seventy-six point three zero seven.B.One hundred and seventy-six point three hundred and seven.C.One seven six point three zero seven.D.One seven six point three hundred and seven.正确答案:A[解析] 考查小数的读法。
小数点前面的数字按整数的方法来读,小数点后面的数字按个位数依次读出。
2. Our teacher ______ a bookshelf at the back of our classroom to make a small reading comer.A.picked upB.put upC.took upD.got up正确答案:B[解析] “pick up”捡起,拾起;“put up”张贴,搭建;“take up”开始从事,占据(时间、地方);“getup”起床。
句意:我们老师在教室后面搭了一个书架,做成了一个小的读书角。
3. China has raised the basic payment of authors' ______ works to 80~300 yuan per 1000 Chinese characters from the previous 30~100 yuan.A.detailedB.specificC.popularD.original正确答案:D[解析] detailed“详细的,精细的”;specific“特殊的,特定的”;popular“流行的,通俗的”;original“原始的,最初的”。
“课程设计”英语教案Teaching English as a second language (ESL) requires careful planning and implementation of lessons that meet the diverse needs of students. Effective lessons must be tailor-made to suit the learning abilities of the students, reflect the curriculum objectives, and be appropriate for the students' age and level of knowledge. This is where curriculum design comes in. Curriculum design refers to the process of planning and structuring the course content, instructional strategies, and assessments that make up a program of study.A well-designed curriculum can make teaching ESL more effective by providing a roadmap for teachers to follow in their lesson plans. Besides, a good curriculum design ensures that students are exposed to language in a logical and organized sequence that enhances the acquisition of language skills. In this article, we will discuss the essential components of curriculum design and how they contribute to effective English teaching.Needs AnalysisThe first step in curriculum design is conducting a needs analysis. This involves identifying the learners' objectives, learning style, and the language skills they need to develop to achieve their goals. Understanding the learning goals of the students provides teachers with insights on the content and approaches they should use to teach. For example, if the learners' objective is to improve their business English communication skills, the curriculum design should concentrate on relevant topics, such as meetings, negotiations, presentations, and email writing.Content SelectionOnce the learning objectives are established, teachers must select appropriate course content that is consistentwith the curriculum goals. The content should adequately represent the language skills that learners need to develop and consider the interests and backgrounds of the students. A good curriculum should incorporate various language components such as vocabulary, grammar, reading, speaking, and listening, among others.Instructional StrategiesAfter determining the course content, teachers need to decide on the instructional strategies and activities theywill use to achieve the lesson's objectives. Different learning strategies are suitable for different learning objectives. For example, grammar instruction can be boring if delivered in a lecture format, but it can be more engaging if taught through problem-solving exercises or games. Instructional strategies like role-playing, debates, and discussions can be used to enhance students' speaking and listening skills.Assessment and Progress MonitoringAn effective curriculum design should also include assessment and progress monitoring strategies. Teachers should design assessments that align with the course content and objectives. Assessments can be in the form of written tests, oral exams, group projects, or performance tasks. The assessments should provide feedback to teachers on the effectiveness of their lessons, indicate areas where learners need more support, and guide the adjustment of future lessons.ConclusionIn conclusion, curriculum design plays a significant role in the success of ESL teaching. Effective curriculum design involves carefully selecting the course content,instructional strategies, and assessments that allow learners to achieve their objectives. Teachers must first conduct a needs analysis to determine the learners' goals and abilities before deciding on the course content. The instructional strategies should be selected based on the learners' goals and interests, and assessments should monitor progress towards the objectives and facilitate adjustments. With awell-designed curriculum, teachers can deliver more effective English lessons and enhance students' language learning experiences.。
大学英语教学指南(2020 版)Title: A Guide to College English Teaching (2020 Edition)IntroductionCollege English teaching is a crucial part of higher education, as it equips students with essential language skills for their academic and professional success. The 2020 edition of the College English Teaching Guide aims to provide educators with up-to-date strategies and resources to enhance their teaching practices. This guide covers various aspects of English teaching, including curriculum design, teaching methodologies, assessment techniques, and integrating technology into the classroom.1. Curriculum DesignThe curriculum design for college English courses should encompass all language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. It is essential to have a well-structured curriculum that caters to the diverse needs of students. The curriculum should also include cultural components to promote intercultural communication skills. Additionally, educators should incorporate real-world tasks and projects to make the learning experience more interactive and engaging for students.2. Teaching MethodologiesEffective teaching methodologies play a significant role in student engagement and learning outcomes. Educators should utilize a variety of teaching techniques, such as collaborative learning, problem-based learning, and flipped classroom models. Incorporating multimedia resources, group discussions, and role-playing activities can also enhance the learning experience. Furthermore, teachers should adopt a student-centered approach to encourage active participation and critical thinking among students.3. Assessment TechniquesAssessment is an integral part of the learning process, as it provides feedback on students' progress and helps identify areas for improvement. Teachers should use a mix of formative and summative assessments to evaluate students' language proficiency. Formative assessments, such as quizzes, presentations, and peer evaluations, can be used to monitor students' learning progress regularly. Summative assessments, including exams, essays, and projects, are useful for evaluating students' overall language skills at the end of the course.4. Integration of TechnologyTechnology has revolutionized the way we teach and learn languages. Educators should integrate technology into their teaching practices to enhance students' language skills. Online resources, such as interactive websites, language learning apps, and virtual reality simulations, can provide students with additional practice opportunities outside the classroom. Teachers can also use digital tools, such as video conferencing platforms and online collaborative platforms, to facilitate communication and collaboration among students.ConclusionThe 2020 edition of the College English Teaching Guide aims to equip educators with the knowledge and resources needed to enhance their English teaching practices. By following the guidelines outlined in this guide, teachers can create a dynamic and engaging learning environment that fosters students' language proficiency and cultural awareness. Ultimately, effective English teaching can help students succeed academically and professionally in an increasingly globalized world.。
A Design-First Curriculum for Teaching Java in a CS1 CourseSally H. Moritz and Glenn D. BlankComputer Science and Engineering DepartmentLehigh UniversityBethlehem, PA 18015 USAsgh2@, gdb0@AbstractPedagogies for teaching object-oriented programming in an introductory course are still under much debate. We presenta design-first approach, which teaches problem-solving techniques using elements of UML. Objects are still introducedearly in the curriculum. We also present two tools to support our curriculum: multimedia courseware to help students learn the basic concepts of objects and classes, and an IDE that includes both a UML interface and interactive tools to allow easy experimentation.Keywords: CS 1, Java, object-oriented, programming, pedagogy, UML, objects-first1. IntroductionEven though object-oriented programming has been taught in beginning classes for over a dozen years, there is still much debate on how and when to teach it, as discussed on the SIGCSE mailing list and summarized by Kim Bruce in the December 2004 inroads[4]. Bruce suggested three basic approaches for instructors to try in a CS1 course: teach objects later, after students learn procedural constructs including loops and arrays; teach objects first, using pedagogical tools such as BlueJ, DrJava, or microworlds; or use a procedural or functional language for the first course and save object orientation for CS2.We believe that a solid understanding of object orientation is crucial to a student’s continued success in computer science, and that students learn best what they learn first. The curricula and tools that have been developed to support an objects-first approach offer many ways to help students visualize the abstract concepts of objects and classes. But they place little emphasis on teaching problem solving skills. Students who learn procedures for identifying a problem’s requirements, breaking it into manageable pieces, and designing a solution are better equipped to apply the concepts they learn, and may better understand those concepts through their application.We present a design-first curriculum, which adds to an objects first approach instruction in problem solving techniques using elements of UML. We support our curriculum with two tools. The first is CIMEL[3], multimedia courseware which presents object-oriented concepts through text, audio, graphics, and interactive exercises. The second is the Eclipse IDE for Java augmented with two plug-ins: DrJava, which provides an interactive environment for demonstrating Java code, and Omondo UML, which supports entry of class diagrams and generates Java code from designs. The first author developed and taught the curriculum at a local high school (in connection with the Lehigh Valley Partnership for Teaching Fellows, an NSF GK-12 project; see /STEM), while the second author incorporated parts of it in a first semester CS course at Lehigh University.2. The CurriculumThe curriculum is comprised of six units covering: use cases and class diagrams from UML; the concepts of objects, classes, and instances; identifying attributes and methods and designing a class; procedural concepts including if statements, loops, and basic character-based I/O; and graphical user interfaces using Swing. Students are also introduced to event handling and using Sun’s online Java documentation. Many lessons are project-based; that is, new concepts are introduced in the context of a larger project in which they are immediately applied. Much of the class time is devoted to hands-on learning, with students working on an assignment or following a handout to carry out an exercise in Eclipse.Pair programming is also used throughout the course. Each student is assigned a partner with whom she works for the semester. They alternate daily who types and who observes. Because all work in the high school class was done in the lab with the instructor present, the instructor was able to observe that students collaborated on problem solving, and both partners contributed equally.A detailed description of each unit follows:Unit 1 introduces the idea of software engineering. The process of building a software system is compared to building a house. Students list the steps in building a house, from a customer’s first conception, through gathering requirements, looking at existing plans, creating a blueprint, and so on. Analogous steps in software development are discussed.This unit also introduces students to objects as an abstract concept, and to classes as descriptions ofcategories of objects. These lessons are supplemented by the CIMEL multimedia, and by several hands-on exercises in Eclipse. The exercises use the Shapes classes delivered with BlueJ and referenced in Objects First with Java[2]. Whereas BlueJ gives students a birds-eye view with a class diagram of the Shapes classes in an idiosyncratic notation, our setup immediately introduces students to a class diagram in UML. Interacting with this class diagram and DrJava, students create instances of Square and call methods to change their locations or colors, and see the results immediately. Students also examine the attributes of each Shape and learn about datatypes. A final exercise invites students to add their own code to an existing method and view the results.Unit 2 teaches use cases and class diagrams in the context of developing a small application: a movie ticket machine (adapted from the idea of a train TicketMachine class in Objects First with Java). The instructor plays the role of the theater manager, whom the students interview to determine the system requirements. Working in pairs, they develop use cases, including a detailed description of the actions performed and the actors involved. They go on to design a Ticket Machine class. The class, including attributes and method signatures, is entered into the Eclipse UML interface. Students also develop a test plan to be executed after the code for each method is written.In Unit 3, students learn procedural language concepts, starting with variables, assignment and arithmetic operations, followed by character-based printing and if statements. They complete exercises that give them practice in each new concept, then immediately apply what they’ve learned in coding the Ticket Machine’s methods. They execute their test plans by creating a Ticket Machine instance and calling methods from DrJava’s Interactions Pane.Students learn how to build a character-based interface for the Ticket Machine in Unit 4. A class called “EasyReader” is provided to simplify reading character input. (We plan to replace EasyReader with the Scanner class when Eclipse supports JDK version 1.5.) Students also learn how to convert String data to integer or double datatypes using the parseInt and parseDouble methods from the Integer and Double classes. They code a simple interface that presents a menu of options to the user, and based on the user’s input, performs the requested function, such as displaying the movie title and price, accepting money for tickets, or printing tickets.Unit 5 introduces loops. Students apply while-loop logic to allow the user to enter a series of requests to the Ticket Machine. Students also learn about scope of variables and how the concept applies to a program with nested blocks, such as theirs. All students end the unit by completing a fully-tested character-based version of the Ticket Machine.At this point, students are ready to create a similar project on their own, following the same steps they used to build the Ticket Machine. The high school students created a calculator (also with a character-based interface). Deliverables turned in and graded at each step of the process include a set of use cases, a UML class diagram, a fully coded and tested Calculator class, and a complete working program.Unit 6 teaches students how to create a graphical interface using Swing. Students first learn how to display simple dialog boxes with JOptionPane. Next, they create a frame with simple graphical elements: text boxes, labels, and buttons. Through analyzing the code for a simple application, they learn about multi-threaded processes and how a listener works. They apply their knowledge in creating a graphical interface for their Calculator. The benefits of well-designed classes are stressed in showing the students how they can reuse the same Calculator class used in the character-based version for the graphical version of the program. They also learn how to add features to their calculator while learning how to use the Sun online Java documentation through an exercise that adds a square root function.Unit 7 introduces applets by stepping through the process of converting the graphical Calculator application to an applet.The complete curriculum outline, with worksheets, the Eclipse/UML/DrJava IDE, and other supporting materials, is available at /stem/teams/dieruff. The curriculum does not refer to a textbook or recommend any particular texts. The worksheets include explanations of concepts and practical examples. In the high school course, they were used in lieu of a textbook.3. CIMEL multimediaCIMEL, C onstructive and c ollaborative, I nquiry-based M ultimedia E-L earning, is courseware designed to supplement a CS0 or CS1 course. By offering content on a breadth of topics in computer science, it presents a balanced view of the field to students who may think that computer science is only about programming. (Most of the multimedia complements The Universal Computer: Introducing Computer Science with Multimedia.See /~glennb/um for details.) A screen from the Objects and Classes chapter is shown in Figure 1. Documents and a demo are available at /~cimel.CIMEL reaches out to students from a variety of backgrounds and with many different learning styles through these features:•Multimedia personae model a diverse community of teachers and learners. The personae includetwo professors (one shown on the lower left), ateaching assistant, a reference librarian, and threestudents. In addition to graphical images, theyspeak in audio and/or text boxes. Personae modelstudents and instructors studying the materialtogether by working through interactive exercisesFigure 1: Screen Capture from CIMEL multimediaand suggesting exploratory research on relevanttopics using online information.•The icons at the bottom give learners access to various tools, including EXPLORE (which linksto resources on the internet and a tool which helpsstudents identify emerging trends in the sourcesthey find) and JUST THE FACTS (which letsstudents review just the text and graphics of thecorresponding Flash content, i.e., withoutanimation or interactive exercises). ThePREFERENCES icon lets the user adapt theenvironment according to his or her personallearning style, including turning text boxes oraudio on/off, toggling auto-advance or wait fornext page, setting the timing rate where there is noaudio narration, volume control, etc.•Interactive exercises and quizzes enable the student to test her own knowledge, and identifyareas for review. All results are stored in adatabase, which the instructor can use todetermine which topics the class as a wholeshould review, or to identify students who arestruggling and proactively offer help.Experimental results indicate that first year students can learn Java “objects-first” using BlueJ, especially with the help of interactive multimedia [3]. We have modified CIMEL’s chapter on Objects and Classes to introduce the Eclipse environment instead of BlueJ. The chapter uses real-world examples like car, house, and person to describe the basic concepts of object orientation. Attributes, methods, and primitive data types are also covered. Students are quizzed on these concepts through interactive exercises, with additional explanation or hints given when an incorrect response is entered. The multimedia then introduces the student to Eclipse and steps through some simple experiments using the Shapes classes. These exercises lead up to the student’s assignment to add functionality to an existing method.4. The Eclipse/UML/DrJava IDEAn integrated development environment that supports the aims of the curriculum is an important tool for successful learning. We needed these three capabilities in an IDE: 1. Inspection and entry of basic UML components (at minimum class diagrams). 2. Generation of basic code structures so students are shielded from some of the complexities of syntax. 3. Interactive capabilities, such as allowing entry and execution of a single line of code, to help students visualize what each statement does. Finally, many students would prefer to use a real world, practical IDE from the start, which they can continue using as they progress to more advanced courses and beyond academia.No one IDE we considered had all these features, but we were able put one together based on Eclipse.Eclipse () is an open-source development environment created and supported by a consortium of technology companies, including IBM, HP, and Oracle. It is freely available and widely used by professional developers in both industry and academia. Its capabilities can easily be extended through the creation of plug-ins, allowing us to add functionality by selecting from many existing plug-ins or by creating our own. We found an implementation of our first and second requirements in Omondo UML, and our third requirement in DrJava.Omondo UML () provides a window in which to create and save class diagrams. Panels to add attributes and methods to a class allow entry of all essential elements of each: datatype for attributes and parameters and return value for methods. Options such as public, private or protected, and static are given default values so students don’t have to fully understand them at first, let alone remember to code them. Method panels also let developers enter method-specific body code as well as Javadoc-style comments. The interface is easy enough for a beginner to learn, and also offers features useful to experienced developers. Thus students are learning an environment they can continue to use in subsequent courses.Students learn how to use the UML window before they are shown any code. The first exercise in Unit 1 introduces the Shapes classes via a class diagram. In the diagram, students can view the attributes and methods of a class, determine the parameters and return value of a method, and look at the documentation for each, all without reading a line of code. This allows students to concentrate on the concepts before learning the syntax of Java.Every project assigned in the course enters Eclipse through the UML window. Because students develop use cases and a class diagram before writing any code, the class diagram is the first information they enter into Eclipse. From the class diagram, the code for the class header, attributes, and method stubs (including return value and parameters) is generated. Students may then enter the code for each method in Eclipse’s standard code window (opened automatically when the student double-clicks on a class in the UML diagram), or through the UML interface (in the Implementation tab for each method). Using the code window is preferred because compiler messages and help are not yet available in the UML interface.DrJava is a popular standalone IDE for beginners. Its goals include providing a simple, easy to use environment which nevertheless scales up to handle larger programming projects typically assigned in advanced courses. It also allows for quick and easy testing of portions of code[1]. Its Interactions Pane, separate from the code window, allows students to enter code snippets that create instances or call methods, interactively. Thus, a student can quickly test a method she just wrote, view the contents of a variable at a given point in time, or simply see the results of creating an instance of a class. The Eclipse plug-in version of DrJava provides the Interactions Pane within Eclipse[5].Our curriculum makes use of the Interactions Pane in Unit 1, using the Shapes project. The four classes let students create and manipulate simple shapes drawn on a panel. The student enters one Java statement at a time in the Interactions Pane and observes the results. She creates an instance of Square and sees a square immediately appear in a window; she enters a call to the changeColor method for that instance, and watches the square change color. Creating and manipulating multiple instances at the same time reinforces student understanding of the ties between the Java statement, the concepts it represents, and the actual actions it performs.5. Evaluation and Future WorkSix students recently completed the curriculum in a half-year inner-city high school course, and their performance is encouraging. Lecture comprised only about one-quarter of the class time; the rest was spent working on project assignments or completing scripted exercises or small standalone assignments within Eclipse. Students worked in pairs, at their own pace. All students indicated that they had no programming experience prior to the course; all were able to complete the assigned work. One student completed all assignments early, with almost no assistance from the instructor. That student had worked independently for half the semester, due to the frequent absence of his partner. The other students worked at a roughly uniform pace, with assistance from the instructor when they got stuck.Students were graded on each step of the Calculator project, from use cases and class design, to the completed graphical interface. As the students worked, the instructor recorded the type and frequency of assistance requested, and verbally quizzed them on concepts and terminology. The students needed a refresher on terminology late in the semester. They seemed to forget some of the basic concepts of attributes and methods after spending several weeks focused on learning procedural code. Two students in particular needed reminders on creating instances and calling methods several times while working on the project.No tests or quizzes were given during the semester, but five students took a final exam at the end of the course. Three scored 90% or higher. One student ran out of time, but did well on all but the last problem. Interestingly, for all students, most of the errors were on procedural code. They all did very well on the portion of the exam that covered object-oriented concepts.The students also completed course evaluations. They said they liked that most of the class time was spent working in Eclipse. They liked using the handouts for reference. Although they said they didn’t miss having a textbook, they did recommend adding material to some handouts. They also requested more class time be spent reviewing some of the more difficult concepts.The course is being taught at the high school again to a larger group of students with a few changes based on these observations. More emphasis will be placed on critical terminology, especially variables, methods, attributes, and instances. Review exercises will be added throughout the semester, and graded quizzes will be administered to give students a greater incentive to retain all the material. Specific material for new handouts and additional content for existing handouts have been identified.We are also developing additional content for the CIMEL multimedia to provide alternative explanations to which students can refer. A new chapter on requirements gathering and design using the Movie Ticket Machine example is currently being scripted. It will step the student through the process of documenting use cases, identifying objects and designing classes. Like the Objects and Classes chapter, the new chapter will include the activities incorporated in the existing worksheets and exercises.The Eclipse environment offers much assistance to students as they develop code within the IDE. Clear, accurate error messages replace many of the cryptic messages generated by the Java interpreter. As a student types in code, Eclipse finds matches on method names and makes suggestions in a pop-up window. And code stubs are generated by the UML interface. But these improvements are superficial. Error messages do not explain the concepts a student might be violating in a particular error, and code that is generated is not commented with explanations of why it was created or what it does. No help is available to the student creating his initial design in the UML window.To address this shortcoming, three PhD students at Lehigh are developing an intelligent tutoring system that will interface with both Eclipse and CIMEL[6]. CIMEL ITS will have three functional components: an Expert Evaluator that compares a student’s solution to one or more recommended designs for a problem and identifies errors within the student’s design; a Student Model that represents the student’s current knowledge state based on information from the student’s performance on exercises and quizzes in the CIMEL multimedia, and on the student’s work within Eclipse; and one or more Pedagogical Agents that choose a tutoring strategy tailored to the student’s own learning style and present feedback and explanations of the concepts needing reinforcement.Our goal in both refining the curriculum and providing additional online resources is to make computer science more accessible and appealing to a wider range of students. The new multimedia content and individualized tutoring will both supplement an instructor’s presentation of the curriculum, and provide additional resources to students who need extra help but have limited access to a human tutor.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. EIA-0087977 and 0231768 and PITA (Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Association). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References[1] Allen, Eric, Cartwright, Robert, and Stoler, Brian. DrJava: A Lightweight Pedagogic Environment for Java. In Proceedings of the SIGSCE Conference on Computer Science Education, March, 2002.[2] Barnes, D. & Kölling M. Objects First With Java: A Practical Introduction Using BlueJ, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2002.[3] Blank, G. D., Pottenger, W. M., Sahasrabudhe, S. A., Li, S., Wei, F., and Odi, H. Multimedia for computer science: from CS0 to grades 7-12, EdMedia, Honolulu, HI, June 2003. Online at /~cimel/papers/EdMedia03.pdf.[4] Bruce, Kim. Controversy on How to Teach CS1: A Discussion on the SIGCSE-members Mailing List. In inroads – The SIGCSE Bulletin, December, 2004.[5] Reis, C., Cartwright, R.. Taming a Professional IDE for the Classroom. In Proceedings of the SIGSCE Conference on Computer Science Education, March, 2004.[6] Wei, F., Moritz, S., Parvez, S., and Blank, G. D., A Student Model for Object-Oriented Design and Programming, CCSCNE, Providence, RI, April 2005. Online at /~cimel/papers/CCSCNE05.pdf.。