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2019年四级真题翻译讲解（两篇）四级考完，汉译英部分又不负众望上了热搜，其中造词最多的就是“四世同堂了”。
有网友这样译：Son, grandson, father and grandfather stay with each other也就网友考试时这样写：Four people live together.事实上，老舍先生有本名作就叫做《四世同堂》，英译版的书名是：Four Generations Under One Roof. 425分以上过四级四级作文满分15分平均分6-7分及格9分2019年四级翻译满分15分平均分6-7分及格9分中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。
和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。
过去四代同堂并不少见。
由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。
今天，这个传统正在改变。
随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。
但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。
许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。
年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。
Look after／take care ofspring mid-autumnIt was very common +句子Family values in China are related to its cultural traditions. People used to wish for a big happy family. In the past, it was not uncommon to see a family of four generations living under one roof. And because of this tradition, many young people continued to stay（live）with their parents after marriage. Today, this tradition is changing. As（With）housing conditions improve, more and more young couples choose to live separately from their parents, but the connection between them remains close. Many seniors still help look after their grandchildren and young couples also take time to visit their parents, especially during important festivals such as the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.1先看时态：曾和过去代表句子用过去时今天代表句子改成现在时2挑出固定搭配：be related to 多亏……thanks toused to in the past because of +名词短语because+完整句子with／As……随着……more take care （of）照顾visit 探望more and more + 名词复数one couple live separately from 和……分开住still ／remains close very close friend 亲密的朋友senior 老年人1.四世同堂four generations under one roof four generations live together过去四代同堂并不少见。
2019年6月大学英语四级作文真题参考范文及译文：参观希望小学来源:文都教育2019年6月大学英语四级考试刚刚结束，相信参加了这场考试的同学多多少少都会觉得今年的作文有点别扭。
但其实，虽然题干要求大家以新闻报道(a news report )的形式来写，但基本不会影响到具体内容的写作。
因为格式上基本没有特殊要求，大家只要能在作文中体现出新闻报道所需要的时间、地点、人物、事件、及原因这五大要素就可以了。
文都教育四六级辅导老师现将第二套四级写作的参考范文及译文提供大家参考。
【题目要求】Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope Elementary School organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】On the morning of June 1st, a group of volunteers from our university’s Student Union paid a visit to a Hope Primary School to help the children there have a happy Children’s Day.We arrived at this school at nine in the morning and the children welcomed us warmly. This volunteer activity mainly include three parts. In the first place, we introduced ourselves briefly, which helped us to know each other better. Additionally, we organized some recreational activities. For example, our talented volunteers taught those children to dance and sing. In the end, we gave the stationery prepared in advance to these lovely children.This volunteer activity was really impressive. It gave us an opportunity to experience a different life and we were really moved by the children’s enthusiasm.【参考译文】6月1日上午，我校学生会的部分志愿者参观了一所希望小学。
2019年大学英语四级翻译真题及答案大学英语四级考试对于许多大学生来说是一个重要的关卡，而翻译部分则是其中的一个关键环节。
接下来，让我们一起回顾 2019 年大学英语四级的翻译真题及答案。
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级翻译真题题目一：舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有 2000 多年历史。
在狮子舞中，两位表演者同披一件狮子服，一个舞动头部，另一个舞动身体和尾巴。
他们熟练配合，模仿狮子的各种动作。
狮子是兽中之王，象征幸福和好运，所以人们通常在春节和其他节日期间表演狮子舞。
狮子舞也可能出现在其他重要场合，如商店开业和结婚典礼，往往吸引许多人观赏。
参考译文：Lion dancing, as a traditional folk performance in China, has a history of more than 2,000 years In the lion dance, two performers share one lion costume, with one handling the head and the other handling the body and tail They cooperate skillfully and imitate various movements of the lion The lion is the king of beasts and symbolizes happiness and good luck Therefore, people usually perform the lion dance during the Spring Festival and other festivals The lion dance may also appear on other important occasions, such as store openings and wedding ceremonies, often attracting many people to watch题目二：灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。
2019年6月大学英语四级汉译英（7,9）你真好，提醒了我有个重要的会议。
It's so kind of you to remind me of the important meeting.一起来看看考试栏目组小编为你提供的2019年6月大学英语四级汉译英(7-9)，想知道更多相关内容，请关注网站更新。
2019年6月大学英语四级汉译英(7)汉译英1. 我已经戒掉睡前吸烟的坏习惯，再也不用听妻子不断地发牢骚了。
(give up)2. 与其他同龄人不同的是，他迷恋京剧。
(set apart from; be addicted to)3. 她对他用情至深，愿意克服任何障碍与他结婚。
(so that; obstacle)4. 只是在考试成绩出来之后，我才意识到必须更加刻苦才能不落后。
(only; keep up with)5. 作为主要谈判人，她在打破双方之间的障碍上创造了奇迹。
(miracle)6. 您无需担心，男士是不允许进入这个房间的。
(need; allow sb. to do sth.)7. 如果要我在上大学还是去工作两者间选择，我会选择前者而非后者。
(instead of)8. 尽管说明书上说“一次吃一片”，他还是一下子吃了三片。
(in spite of; at a time)参考译文1. Having given up the bad habit of smoking before bedtime,I no longer have to hear my wife complaining all the time.2. What sets him apart from other people of his age is that he is addicted to Beijing Opera.3. She is so much in love with him that she’s ready toovercome any obstacle to marry him.4. Only after the result of the exam came out did I realize I would have to work harder to keep up with the others.5. As chief negotiator she has performed miracles in breaking down barriers between the two sides.6. You don’t need to worry. Men are not allowed to get into this room.7. If I had to make a choice between going to college and finding a job, I would choose the former instead of the latter.8. In spite of the instruction of taking one pill at a time, he took three all at once.2019年6月大学英语四级汉译英(8)1.我们大家深受感动，结果把所有的零用钱都给了那个穷男孩。
2019英语四级考试翻译及翻译译文(17)灵隐寺(Lingyin Temple)位于浙江省杭州市西湖的西北部。
它是江南古刹。
该寺建于公元326年，有1600多年的历史。
传说, 印度一个叫作慧理的和尚来到杭州，被这美丽的山区景色深深地吸引了。
他认为这里有神佛，所以建了一座庙宇，取名“灵隐”，意思是隐藏的灵魂。
据说的济公和尚也是在这座寺庙皈依的，这使灵隐寺更加有名。
参考译文Lingyin Temple is located in the northwest side of West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. It is a famous ancient temple in the south of the Yangtze River. The temple wasbuilt in 326 AD and has a history of over 1,600 years. Legend has it that an Indian monk named Huili came to Hangzhou and was deeply attracted by the beautiful mountainous scenery. He thought there lived immortals and then he built a temple and named it “Lingyin”，which means hidden souls. It is said that the famous monk Jigong also took vows in the temple, which made Lingyin Temple even more famous.。
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope elementary school organized byyour Student Union..You should write at least120words but no morethan180words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes)说明：四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，找准具体选项内容，忽略套数。
由于2019年6月四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage.Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with asingle line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Just because they can’t sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn’t mean that animals don’t have culture.There’s no better example of this than killer whales.As one of the most__26__predators(食肉动物)，killer whales may not fit the__27__of a cultured creature.However,these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly__28__ behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word“culture”comes from the Latin“colere,”which__29__means“to cultivate.”In other words,it refers to anything that is__30__or learnt,rather than instinctive or natural.Among human populations,culture not only affects the way we live,but also writes itself into our genes,affecting who we are.For instance,having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic,the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic__31__that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet,thereby allowing them to__32__in their cold climate.Like humans,killer whales have colonized a range of different__33__across the globe,occupying every ocean basin on the planet,with an empire that__34__from pole to pole.As such,different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey(猎物).This, in turn,has a major effect on their diet,leading scientists to__35__that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals’genetic development.A)AcquiredB)adaptationsC)brutalD)deliberatelyE)expressedF)extendsG)habitatsH)humbleI)imageJ)litereallyK)refinedL)revolvesM)speculateN)structureO)thriveSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is markedwith a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet2.Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for18-to34-year-oldsA)Broad demographic(人口的)shifts is marital status,educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S.are living,and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives—where they call home.In2014,for the first time in more than130years,adults ages18to34were slightly more likely to be living in their parents’home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household.B)This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age35.Dating back to1880,the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner,whether a spouse or a significant other.This type of arrangement peaked around1960,when62%of the nation’s18-to34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household,and only one-in-five were living with their parents.C)By2014,31.6%of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household,below the share living in the home of their parent(s)(32.1%).Some 14%of young adults lived alone,were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates.The remaining22%lived in the home of another family member(such as a grandparent,in-law or sibling(兄弟姐妹)),a non-relative,or in group quarters like college dormitories.D)It’s worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with theirparents was not at a record high in2014.This arrangement peaked around1940,when about35%of the nation’s18-to34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad(compared with32%in2014).What has changed,instead,is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood,with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.E)Among young adults,living arrangements differ significantly by gender.For men ages18to34,living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since2009,In2014,28%of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home,while35%were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women,however,are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romantic partner(35%)than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).F)In2014,more young women(16%)than young men(13%)were heading up a household without a spouse or parther.This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be sigle parents living with their children.For their part,young men(25%)are more likely than young women(19%)to be living in the home of another family member,a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.G)A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents.The first in the postponement of,if not retreat from, marriage.The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades.In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether.A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today’s young adult may never marry.While cohabitation(同居)has been on the rise,the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried patner has substantially fallen since1990.H)In addition,trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s),and this is especially true of young men.Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job,and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades.The share of young men with jobs peaked around1960at84%.In2014,only71%of18-to-34-year-old men wereemployed.Similarly with earnings,young men’s wages(after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹)since1970and fell significantly form 2000to2010.As wages have fallen,the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s)has risen.I)Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home.Generally,young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since1960and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents.For women, delayed marriage—which is related,in part,to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.J)The Great Recession(and modest recovery)has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home.Initially in the wake of the recession,college enrollments expanded,boosting the ranks of young adults living at home.And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults,living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.K)Beyond gender,young adult’s living arrangements differ considerable by education—which is tied to financial means.For young adults without a bachelor’s degree,as of2008living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner.By2014,36%of18-to34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor’s degree were living with their parent(s)while27%were living with a spouse or partner.Among college graduates,in201446%were married or living with a partner,and only19%were living with their parent(s).Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts,which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.36.Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.37.In2014,the percentage of men aged18to34living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.38.The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so.39.Around the mid-20th century,only20percent of18-to34-year-old lived in their parents’home.40.Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.41.Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.42.More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.43.The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.44.The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.45.One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.According to the majority of Americans,women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.So why,then,are women in short supply at the top of government and businessin the United States?According to the public,at least,it’s not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.It’s also not all about work-life balance.Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.Only about one-in-five say women’s family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.Instead,topping the list of reasons,about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.Similar shares say the electorate(选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.As a result,the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in the workplace.While53%believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future,44%say it’s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics:73%expect to see a female president in their lifetime. 46.What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?A)They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B)They have to strive harder to win their positions.C)They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.D)They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.47.What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A)They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B)They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.C)Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D)Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.48.What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?A)Personality traits.B)Family responsibilities.C)Gender bias.D)Lack of vacancies.49.What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?A)More and more women will sit in the boardroom.B)Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C)The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D)People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.50.What do most Americans expect to see soon on America’s political stage?A)A woman in the highest position of governmen.B)More and more women actively engaged in politics.C)A majority of women voting for a female president.D)As many women in top government positions as men.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.People have grown taller over the last century,with South Korean women shooting up by more than20cm on average,and Iranian men gaining.16.5cm.A global study looked at the average height of18-year-olds in200countries1914and 2014.The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in1914, Dutch men have risen from12th place to claim top spot with an average height of rvian women.Meanwhile,rose from28th place in1914to become the tallest in the world a century later,with an average height of169.8cm.James Bentham,a co-author of the research from Imperial College,London,says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare.“An individual’s genetics has a big influence on their height,but once you average over whole populations,genetics plays a less key role,”he added.A little extra height brings a number of advantages,says Elio Riboli of Imperial College.“Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy,”he said.“This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease among taller people.”But while height has increased around the world,the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern,says Riboli.While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early20th century,the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among18-year-olds.“One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the1980s,”said Alexander Moradi of the Universith of Sussex.The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment,he says,led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believe the global rtend of increasing height has important implications.“How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,”he said.“If we give children the best possible start in life now,they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.”51.What does the global study tell us about people’s height in the last hundred years?A)There is a remarkable difference across continents.B)There has been a marked increase in most countries.C)The increase in people’s height has been quickening.D)The increase in women’s height is bigger than in men’s.52.What does James Bentham say about genetics in the increase of people’s height?A)It counts less than generally thought.B)It outweighs nutrition and healthcare.C)It impacts more on an individual than on population.D)It plays a more significant role in females than in males.53.What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?A)They tend to live longer.B)They enjoy an easier life.C)They generally risk fewer fatal diseases.D)They have greater expectations in life.54.What do we learn about18-year-olds in Uganda and Niger?A)They grow up slower than their peers in other countries.B)They are actually shorter than their earlier generations.C)They find it hard to bring their potential into full play.D)They have experienced many changes of government55.What does James Bentham suggest we do?A)Watch closely the global trend in children’s development.B)Make sure that our children grow up to their full height.C)Try every means possible to improve our environment.D)Ensure our children grow up in an ideal environment.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。
2019.6英语四级真题及答案（卷二）2019.6英语四级真题及答案（卷二）Part I Writing1、【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【答案】An Impressive Activities-VisitingIn order to help us students to enrich life and broaden horizon, the Student Union organized a meaningful activity on last weekend--visiting the local farm, by which we grasped much useful knowledge about agriculture.The farm we visited is located in the suburb of Beijing and far away from our school, which covers an area of 1000 square feet. Along with native foods like rice and potatoes, the farmers on the farm grow many organic vegetables, including corn, cucumbers, tomatoes and so forth. Besides, the farm breeds a host of local species such as dairy cattle, geese, chicken by modern scientific technique. One of the most impressive things for us is that by means of greenfarming methods, the problem of environmental pollution has been effectively alleviated.This outdoors activity has a really deep impression for us. Not only did it get us closer to the nature and relieve pressure from us, it also enhance our professional knowledge about husbandry technology.Part ⅢReading Section AThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has _____(27)from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.In a _____(28)to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced _____(29)that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's _____(30)in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to _____(31)our leadership in transportation. We can't let happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead_____(32) of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would _____(33)a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test theirself-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand_____(34)of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In _____(35), California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more _____(36)rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving technology.27、【题干】_____.【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.reward M.significant N.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】H28、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】A29、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】G30、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.reward M.significant N.sponsor O.transmitted【答案】D31、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】I32、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】N33、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.reward M.significant N.sponsor O.transmitted 【答案】J34、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】E35、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.reward M.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted 【答案】B36、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】KPart ⅢReading Section BMake Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It[A] We've always been a hands-on, do-it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.[B] Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.[C] The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, Which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members —including guys named Jobs and Wozniak —started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.[D] So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.[E] These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you're learning to do.[F] Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American Contcxt, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.[G] Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there isalso a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project-based learning.[H] I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head —or you just borrow it from someone —and begin to develop it , repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.[I] In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize(使变得无足轻重)making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the cardboard tubes.[J] Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.[K] Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.[L] The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished rote for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're ereating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? A they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling (受挫)? Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?[M] My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enable us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable, It's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems—problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.[N] If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, ‘This is science, over here is history,' I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?[O] I feel like this is a shift away form a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.37.【题干】A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.【选项】A.AB.BD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J K.K L.L M.MO.O【答案】E38.【题干】The teachers' role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】L39.【题干】Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one fromothers is key to the concept of making.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】H40.【题干】Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J K.K L.L M.M文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.N.NO.O【答案】F41.【题干】America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.F.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】A42.【题干】Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge. 【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】J43.【题干】Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J K.K L.L M.MN.NO.O【答案】G44.【题干】The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space intoa school curriculum.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.F.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】N45.【题干】The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】D46.【题干】Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J K.K L.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】IPart ⅢReading Section CPassage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill."Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的)illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems."We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness," Karraker said. "They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the noes who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce in more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. "Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said. "And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women."Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the agingpopulation, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce."Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."47.【题干】What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?【选项】A.They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B.They are as binding as they used to be.C.They are not taken seriously any more.D.They may help couples tide over hard times.【答案】A48.【题干】What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?【选项】A.They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B.They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C.They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D.They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.【答案】B49.【题干】What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?【选项】A.They are more likely to be widowed.B.They are more likely to get divorced.C.They are less likely to receive good care.D.They are less likely to bother their spouses.【答案】B50.【题干】Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?【选项】A.They are more accustomed to receiving care.B.They find it more important to make money for the family.C.They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D.They expect society to do more of the job.【答案】A51.【题干】What does Karraker think is also important?【选项】A.Reducing marital stress on wives.B.Stabilizing old couples's relations.C.Providing extra care for divorced women.D.Making men pay for their wives' health costs.【答案】CPassage TwoQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, "but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person's name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveysfound that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.52.【题干】How might people often feel when they were misnamed?【选项】A.Unwanted.B.Unhappy.C.Confused.D.Indifferent.【答案】B53.【题干】What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming? 【选项】A.It is related to the way our memories work.B.It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C.It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D.It often causes misunderstandings among people.【答案】D54.【题干】What is most likely the cause of misnaming?【选项】A.Similar personality traits.B.Similar spellings of names.C.Similar physical appearance.D.Similar pronunciation of names.【答案】D55.【题干】What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?【选项】A.It more often than not hurts relationships.B.It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C.It is most frequently found in extended families.D.It most often occurs within a relationship groups.。
2019年6月大学英语四级作文及翻译2019年6月大学英语四级真题(第一套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【范文】This news report is concerning a volunteer activity on June 14, which was organized by our Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. Altogether 30 volunteers participated.Admittedly, in the present-day society, it is acommon phenomenon for many senior citizens to stay alone at home, when their adult children are busy with their work and study. However, aged people need youngsters’ care, which will bring them power, inspire their passion for life and help them enjoy their twilight. Thus, yesterday, our Student Union held this volunteer activity to assist those lonely elderly people in the near by neighborhood, including cleaning rooms, washing clothes, presenting songs anddances. A majority of these volunteers are freshmen and sophomores in our university, and they are convinced that this activity is simple but meaningful,particularly when they saw the happy smiles of the aged.We, as youngsters, should bear in mind that nomatter how busy we are, it is of great necessity for us to respect, care for,assist and accompany the elderly.2019年6月大学英语四级真题(第二套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。
【关键字】英语2019.6英语四级真题及答案（卷二）2019.6真题及答案（卷二）Part I Writing1、【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【答案】An Impressive Activities-VisitingIn order to help us students to enrich life and broaden horizon, the Student Union organized a meaningful activity on last weekend--visiting the local farm, by which we grasped much useful knowledge about agriculture.The farm we visited is located in the suburb of Beijing and far away from our school, which covers an area of 1000 square feet. Along with native foods like rice and potatoes, the farmers on the farm grow many organic vegetables, including corn, cucumbers, tomatoes and so forth. Besides, the farm breeds a host of local species such as dairy cattle, geese, chicken by modern scientific technique. One of the most impressive things for us is that by means of green farming methods, the problem of environmental pollution has been effectively alleviated.This outdoors activity has a really deep impression for us. Not only did it get us closer to the nature and relieve pressure from us, it also enhance our professional knowledge about husbandry technology.Part Ⅲ Reading Section AThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has _____(27)from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.In a _____(28)to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced _____(29)that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's _____(30)in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to _____(31)our leadership in transportation. We can't let happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead _____(32) of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would _____(33)a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand _____(34)of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In _____(35), California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more _____(36)rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving technology.27、【题干】_____.【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】H28、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】A29、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】G30、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】D31、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】I32、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】N33、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】J34、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】E35、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】B36、【题干】_____. 【选项】A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislationH.migratedI.replaceJ.representK.restrictiveL.rewardM.significantN.sponsorO.transmitted【答案】KPart Ⅲ Reading Section BMake Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It[A] We've always been a hands-on, do-it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.[B] Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.[C] The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, Which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members — including guys named Jobs and Wozniak — started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.[D] So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.[E] These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you're learning to do.[F] Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American Contcxt, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world oftextbooks. It's not the world of testing.[G] Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project-based learning.[H] I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head —or you just borrow it from someone — and begin to develop it , repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.[I] In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize(使变得无足轻重)making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the cardboard tubes.[J] Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.[K] Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.[L] The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished rote for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're ereating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? A they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling (受挫)? Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help thembe aware of where they are?[M] My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enable us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable, It's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems—problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.[N] If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, ‘This is science, over here is history,' I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?[O] I feel like this is a shift away form a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.37.【题干】A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】E38.【题干】The teachers' role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】L39.【题干】Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】H40.【题干】Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】F41.【题干】America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself. 【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】A42.【题干】Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge. 【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】J43.【题干】Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】G44.【题干】The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】N45.【题干】The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】D46.【题干】Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MN.NO.O【答案】IPart Ⅲ Reading Section CPassage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill."Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的)illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems."We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness," Karraker said. "They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the noes who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce in more likely when wives but nothusbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. "Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said. "And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women."Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce."Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."47.【题干】What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?【选项】A.They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B.They are as binding as they used to be.C.They are not taken seriously any more.D.They may help couples tide over hard times.【答案】A48.【题干】What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?【选项】A.They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B.They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C.They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D.They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.【答案】B49.【题干】What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?【选项】A.They are more likely to be widowed.B.They are more likely to get divorced.C.They are less likely to receive good care.D.They are less likely to bother their spouses.【答案】B50.【题干】Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?【选项】A.They are more accustomed to receiving care.B.They find it more important to make money for the family.C.They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D.They expect society to do more of the job.【答案】A51.【题干】What does Karraker think is also important?【选项】A.Reducing marital stress on wives.B.Stabilizing old couples's relations.C.Providing extra care for divorced women.D.Making men pay for their wives' health costs.【答案】CPassage TwoQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, "but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person's name. The othersurveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.52.【题干】How might people often feel when they were misnamed?【选项】A.Unwanted.B.Unhappy.C.Confused.D.Indifferent.【答案】B53.【题干】What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming?【选项】A.It is related to the way our memories work.B.It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C.It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D.It often causes misunderstandings among people.【答案】D54.【题干】What is most likely the cause of misnaming?【选项】A.Similar personality traits.B.Similar spellings of names.C.Similar physical appearance.D.Similar pronunciation of names.【答案】D55.【题干】What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?【选项】A.It more often than not hurts relationships.B.It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C.It is most frequently found in extended families.D.It most often occurs within a relationship groups.【答案】D56.【题干】Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?【选项】A.They suffer more frustrations.B.They become worn out more often.C.They communicate more with their children.D.They generally take on more work at home.【答案】C57、翻译【题干】灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。
2019-英语四级翻译及答案-推荐word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==英语四级翻译及答案1. The customer complained that no sooner ______________(他刚起动这台计算机，它就不运转了). br / br / 21. The customer complained that no sooner ______________(他刚起动这台计算机，它就不运转了).2. What upset me was ______________(不是他所说的话，而是他说话的方式).3. This piece of writing is ______________(与其说是短篇小说，不如说更像是新闻报道).4. The court ruling ______________(剥夺了他的政治权利).5. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning_____________(然而，动物的行为主要依靠本能).答案与解析：1. had he started the computer than it stopped working本题考查对no sooner...than句型的掌握。
no sooner...than和hardly...when都表示刚一......就...... ，注意其中连词的区别。
该句型有两个特点：一是主句中一般使用过去完成时，而从句中一般使用一般过去时;二是no sooner或hardly位于句首时，要求句子采用部分倒装语序。
本句中no sooner位于句首，故句子采用了倒装语序。
2. not what he said but the way he said it/ not what he said but the manner in which he said it本题考查对常见结构 not...but... 的掌握。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题练习——翻译2018.12 真题一：手机阅读由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人速度增长。
这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。
他们现在经常智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。
大量移动应用程序(apps)的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。
因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。
但调查显示，尽管手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。
参考译文：①Due to the rapid development of communication network,China’s smartphone users are growing at an amazing speed in recent years. ②This has greatly changed the way many people read. ③They often read news and articles on their smart phones instead of buying traditional newspapers or magazines. ④The development of numerous mobile Apps has enabled people to read novels and other forms of literary works on their phones. ⑤ As a result,sales of printing books have been affected negatively. ⑥ Despite steady growth in the smartphone reading market,however,more than half of the adults still prefer printing books, according to the survey. 2018.12 真题二：手机支付过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展，随着移动互联网得出现，手机购物逐渐成为一种趋势。
四级翻译真题练习 - 剪纸剪纸-2019.6The greatest failure in life is to give up.人生最大的失败，就是放弃。
【原文】剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式。
已有2000多年历史。
剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。
从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。
剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。
剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。
因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式。
已有2000多年历史。
Paper cutting is a unique【1】 form of Chinese traditional【2】folk【3】 art with a history of more than 2,000 years.【1】unique [juˈniːk] adj.唯一的;独一无二的;独特的;罕见的;独具的,特有的n.独一无二的人[物,事实]【2】traditional [trəˈdɪʃənl] adj.传统的;习俗的;惯例的;因袭的;守旧的【3】folk [fəʊk] n.人们;各位;大伙儿;亲属;家属;(尤指)爹妈;普通百姓;民间音乐 adj.传统民间的;民俗的;流传民间的;普通百姓的剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。
从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。
Paper cutting probably originated【1】 in the Han Dynasty【2】, following the invention【3】 of the paper. Since then, it has been spread【4】 widely in many parts of China.【1】originated [əˈrɪdʒɪneɪtɪd] originate的过去分词和过去式v.起源;发源;发端于;创立;创建;发明【2】Dynasty [ˈdɪnəsti] n.王朝;朝代;朝;代【3】invention [ɪnˈvenʃn] n.发明;创意;创造;虚构;编造;虚构的故事;创造力短语用例：1.necessity is the mother of invention需要是发明之母【4】spread [spred] v.传播;展开;打开;摊开;使散开;张开;伸开;扩散,散开短语用例：1.spread an infection 传播传染病2.spread news 扩散新闻3.fires spread 火势蔓延4.prevent/stop the spread of something预防/阻止某事物的传播（或蔓延）5.spread like wildfire 像野火般蔓延;迅速传开剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。
2019年6月四级真题剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。
剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。
从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。
剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。
剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。
因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
Paper cutting is a unique form of folk arts in China, with a history of more than two thousand years. It is very likely that paper cutting originated from Han dynasty, which followed the invention of paper.( Paper cutting is very likely to have originated in Han dynasty, which followed the invention of paper.) Since then, it was popularized in a lot of places in China. The materials and tools which can be used for paper cutting are rather simple: paper and a scissor. The paper cutting works are usually made of red paper, because red color is related to happiness in Chinese traditional culture. Therefore, red paper cutting works are the first choice for the decoration of windows and doors on pleasant occasions such as wedding ceremony and the Spring Festival.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。
2019英语四六级作文范文及翻译（4篇）1、网络课在大学越来越普遍，师生们对此意见不一，谈谈你的看法。
With the development of the education, Online course, a new teaching method based on computer and Internet, allows teachers to teach from a distance away. It is becoming more and more popular in colleges and universities, making an effective complement on traditional teaching.There are different views concerning thistopic .Generally speaking , teachers support it for two reasons. Firstly, online course can be conducted at home or office and this offers great convenience to teachers. Secondly, online courses releases teachers from repeating the same contents since the video or audio material can be played time again. However, many students prefer to traditional courses. First of all, with online course, they could not communicate with teachers face to face and their confusion cannot be solved instantly. On the other hand, the computer system cannot be guaranteed to work stably all the time. Besides, they do not have 100 percent confidence in theirself-discipline without teachers being around to supervise.In a word, with the college students growing up, if the traditional teaching method and the modern online courses can be combined together, more fruitful education is sure to be realized.随着教育的持续发展，一种基于电脑和网络的新的教学方法——网络课程，允许老师们远程授课，它在大学里越来越流行，跟传统教学一起形成了一个有效的互补。
2019年06月大学英语四级翻译真题参考答案：舞狮来源：文都教育今年四级翻译考的是传统文化——舞狮，传统文化是四六级翻译和写作常考话题，大家应该高度重视，下面文都四六级教师带你回顾英语四级翻译真题，并提供译文供大家参考。
【四级翻译真题原文】舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。
在狮子舞中，两位表演者同披一件狮子服，一个舞动头部，另一个舞动身体和尾巴。
他们熟练配合，模仿狮子的各种动作。
狮子也是兽中之王，象征幸福和好运，所以人们通常在春节和其他节日期间表演狮子舞。
狮子舞也可能出现在其他重要场合，如商店开业和结婚典礼，往往吸引许多人观赏。
【四级翻译真题参考译文】Lion Dancing is a traditional Chinese folk performance with a history of more than 2,000 years. In the Lion Dancing, two performers share one lion costume, one performer moves the head of costume, the other moves his body and tail. They work together skillfully, imitating the lion’s movements. The lion is also the king of animals, symbolizing happiness and good luck, so people usually perform the Lion Dancing during the Spring Festival and other festivals and holidays. Lion Dancing can also be seen on other important occasions, such as the opening ceremony of a shop and wedding ceremonies, often attracting large audience.【四级翻译真题解析】2019年6月四级该篇翻译真题一共包含五句话，而且段落符合汉语的行文习惯，大都以短句形式呈现。
