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2020年高考英语复习《必修六Unit 4 Global warming》：语法填空There is no doubt that the earth is becoming 1.warmer (warm) on average.But how has this come about and does it matter? People have fierce debates about whether 2.it is human activity that has caused this global warming，pared (compare) with most of the natural changes.Many scientists 4.like Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increase in the earth's temperature 5.by burning fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy, though some are opposed to this view.Quantities of byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases，the most important one of 6.which is carbon dioxide.More heat energy will 7. be trapped (trap) in the atmosphere 8.causing (cause) the global temperature to go up so long as the increased amount of carbon dioxide are produced.However，some scientists predict that any warming will be mild with few bad 9.environmental (environment)consequences.Anyhow，even if we start reducing 10.the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the circumstances are going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.第1 页共1 页。
Unit 4 Global warmingI. 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。
Today the scientific community is in almost total agreement that the earth’s climate is changing and that this represents a huge threat to the planet and to us. According to a survey, with only 69% accepting the earth is warming— only 1/4 Americans see global warming as a major threat, public opinion 1 the scientific conclusion.Climate scientists and campaigners have long debated how to better communicate the message to nonexperts so that climate science can be 2 into action. According to Christopher Rapley, the usual tactic(策略) of climate experts to provide the public wit h information isn’t 3 because ＂it does not address key potential causes.＂We are all exposed to the evidence of climate change on an almost a daily basis. The information is almost 4 .Then what’s wrong? 5 our brains.Daniel Gilbert mentioned our brains’ failure to accurately notice gradual change. Robert Gifford also __6__ the point about our brains’difficulty in grasping climate change because of limited cognition and social __7__ with other people (＂Why should we change if X won’t?＂) .＂A more powerful barrier is the 8 of perceived(感知的) be havioral control; ‘I’ m only one person; what can I do ?’ is certainly a big one.＂For many, the first challenge will be inrecognizing barriers 9 they can overcome them.But for those of us who understand that climate change is a problem yet make little effort to cut the number of overseas trips we make or the amount of meat we consume, neither the uncaring attitude nor denial really explains the 10 between our actions and beliefs. Lertzman has come to the conclusion that the conflict between __11 _ both the planet and our way of life is too painful to bear. ＂When we don’t 12 the pain of that, that’s when we get 13 and can’t move forward.＂Lertzman refers to this 14 as ＂environmental melancholia(忧郁症),＂and points out that there’s a lot to be said for providing a means 15 acceptable to talk about.＂Rosemary Randall suggests that climate change is such a(n) 16 subject that it ＂can raise fears and anxieties that people feel have no 17 in polite conversation.＂Lertzman says the community has been slow to realize the value of psychology. Gifford says otherwise, __18__ —＂climate change, and not mental health, is the biggest psychological problem＂.Despite the pain, shame, difficulty in fully addressing climate change, both Lertzman and Gifford are still __19__ about our ability to face up to the challenge. ＂There can’t be anything about the human mind that stops us struggling with these issues given that so many people 20 are —maybe that’s what we should be focusing on instead.＂says Lertzman.1. A. accounts for B. falls behind C. wishes forD. leaves behind2. A. translated B. sprung C. forcedD. sent3. A. revolutionary B. detailed C. popularD. enough4. A. unreliable B. unbearable C. unacceptableD. unavoidable5. A. Submit B. Control C. BlameD. Curse6. A. picks up on B. gets down to C. throws back onD. looks up to7. A. connections B. comparisons C. competenceD. development8. A. sense B. problem C. lack D. effect9. A. if B. though C. beforeD. since10. A. relationship B. disagreement C. gapD. balance11. A. caring about B. taking on C. fighting againstD. putting away12. A. feel B. process C. remember D. hide13. A. hit B. puzzled C. stuckD. stressed14. A. conflict B. event C. hesitationD. inability15. A. socially B. environmentally C. culturallyD. morally16. A. complex B. controversial C. awkwardD. disturbing17. A. idea B. goal C. placeD. choice18. A. somehow B. however C. thereforeD. either19. A. optimistic B. concerned C. cheerfulD. encouraged20. A. equally B. still C. especiallyD. alreadyII. 阅读理解A（2021·新课标全国卷Ⅰ）A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container — perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet mustbe centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.1. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. It’s delicate.B. It’s expensive.C. It’s complex. .D. It’s portable.2. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.3. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size.B. Put the cup in place.C. Weight the sheet’s center down.D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.4. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from .A. the plastic tubeB. outside the holeC. the open airD. beneath the sheetBIts most keen advocates say that global warming is gradually ruining our parts of our planet. But the effects of the phenomenon might be felt more positively a little closer to home, after scientists claimed that it would make flowers smell sweeter.Some flowers could give out a smell that is nine times more fragrant than they currently produce, according to a report. It says that a temperature increase of between 1℃ and 5℃ will vastly increase the ability of flowers to produce their sweet smells.The study suggests that plants are able to produce more terpenes (萜烯) — the chemicals that give them their smells —in hotter conditions. Despite the environmental risk linked to climate change, the effect on flowers could also help bee populations as the stronger smells make flowers easier to find and pollinate. It also found that the effect could be more significant in cooler countries such as the UK and would have a strong impact on fruit trees.The findings come as the unseasonably warm autumn weather this year has led to reports that plants are being "tricked" into blooming early.Guy Barter described the findings as interesting and said it could have a significant effect on lightly scented flowers. "We think about climate change in terms of rising temperatures and sea levels, but there are more delicate potential effects which we have not thought about," he said.Last year, experts warned the average global temperature had risen by 0.5℃ in 50 years. They predicted temperatures will increase by 3℃ over the next century, causing a rise in sea levels, flooding, disease outbreaks and mass migration of refugees (难民).The researchers looked at a variety of plants. In the paper the researchers said, "The species with the highest increases in emissions were those with the lowest fragrance rates. The increases calculated for floral terpene emissions show that very significant increases in the amount of floral scents will likely occur in a warmer world. The rates of floral terpene emission by the end of the century could increase 0.34—9.1 times because of a 5℃increase in the average maximum temperature during the flowering peak of the season."5. We can infer from the text that in England .A. plants bore more fruits in autumn this yearB. the seasons weren’t in order this whole yearC. the autumn of this year was a little coolerD. plants began to produce flowers early in autumn this year6. What Barter said indicates that .A. every coin has two sidesB. a miss is as good as a mileC. don’t claim to know what you don’t knowD. don’t put the cart before the horse7. The last paragraph implies that in hotter conditions .A. plants will have the lowest fragrance ratesB. plants will send more sweeter chemicalsC. plants will suffer the rising temperatureD. plants will finish their flowering peak soon8. Which is the best title of the passage?A. Will plants produce more chemicals in the future?B. Is it easier to find sweeter flowers everywhere?C. Could global warming make flowers smell sweeter?D. Do flowers smell stronger in the cold temperature?Ⅲ. 语法填空Walking down the city streets, you look up and see 1 red telephone box. Behind it, on the road, a big red double-floor bus passes by, 2 (carry) citizens and tourists. This is London. And the red is what the city is famous 3 .Modern transportation has changed the way we lead our lives. One important means of transport has been the bus. In London, buses take on a bigger role. They are used to visit the city. Red tourist buses have open 4 (roof), which let people take photos, have an amazing view of the city and enjoy 5 (them) as they drive past Big Ben, the Thames and so on.But how did the bus become unique to London culture? Horse-drawn buses enjoy a history of more than 180 years. They 6 (use) in London since 1829. By the early 20th century, motor-buses were driving around London. Bus companies used different colors at the time. One of the 7 (big) companies chose red because the bright colour made 8 easy for the citizens to pick out the bus. In 1933, when Londontransport was grouped into a single company, they chose the most 9 (wide)used color at the time-red.And so the color red stayed in London. But it was in the mid-1950s 10 the red double-floor was born. Its name is the Routemaster. Built between 1954 and 1968, they still look traditional. Like they have been frozen in time.Ⅳ. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间互换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
Unit 4 Global warming李仕才【短文语法填空】Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of theworld.Kung fu，1. (especial)，has had a great effect 2. the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that，they may come to Chinaand learn about some other 3. (aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the 4. (great) of ancient Chinese culture.Their own cultures are 5. mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Koreaand Japan long ago adopted Confucianism，something that continues today even as it6. (challenge) by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas7. (give)in the Four Books of Confucianism，which was built upon the ideas of an even 8. (much) ancient period codified(编纂) in the Five Classics.From them，the West learns9. is uniquely Chinese，for example，feng shui.So far China has taken steps10. (further) this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文化对世界的影响。
《Unit 4 Global warming》一、用所给词的适当形式填空1．The invention of paper is a great (contribute) to human civilization.2．They sell a wide range of (electricity) appliances — washing machines, dishwashers and so on.3. Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the____ (pollute)．4.There has been serious (disagree) between the two political parties over this question.5．Plant (grow) is most noticeable in spring and early summer.6．There are many (educate) who are against this plan.7.The company’s (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.8.It’s the best result that could be expected under the_____ (circumstance)．二、完形填空Global warming is changing the migration (迁徙) patterns of many birds, altering flight paths that have remained unchanged for generations and that were firmly anchored (稳固；固定) in their genes, scientists __1__.“Warming in Europe has changed _2__ the migration direction of the warbler (莺)，” said behavior __3__Eberhard Curio__4__ Bochum University in western Germany’s Ruhr region.The small birds native__5__ central and eastern Europe _6___to migrate southwestto spend winter in southern France, Spain ___7___northern Africa. But now Curio says many of them fly westward to spend the __8__months in southern England.“__9__ changes in migration patterns are the result of _10__ selection. The birdsthat fly in a _11_direction will die.” the biologist said, __12__ the birds thatfly to more favorable destinations (终点；目的)pass on this behavior pattern to their__13__.Researchers __14__ believe that birds use a kind of second sense to orient their migration patterns, either a __15__orientation (定向；定位) based on the positionof the sun, or with the __16__ of a sort of inner compass.____17__ animals possess a precise inner clock, they can determine their positionby the sun and the stars，said Curio. Navigation (航行) by inner compass __18___theEarth’s magnetic field.___19__, the routes taken by different __20__ of birds are very much influenced by their flight capabilities.1.A.say B．interpret C．recall D．solve2. A．verbally B．likely C．similarly D．probably3. A．learner B．researcher C．doctor D．fellowship4. A．to B．of C．for D．on5. A．to B．with C．onto D．in6. A．tried B．forgot C．remembered D．used7. A．or B．such as C．and D．to8. A．hotter B．cooler C．colder D．warmer9. A．Such B．So C．Such many D．Many a10. A．artificial B．natural C．intentional D．physical11. A．unfavorable B．advantageous C．favorite D．bad12. A．but B．therefore C．while D．thus13. A．forefathers B．parents C．counterparts D．offspring14. A．completely B．constantly C．rightly D．currently15. A．visual B．oral C．conscious D．hearing16. A．combination B．complaint C．aid D．storage17. A．But B．Since C．Then D．Thus18. A．relies on B．leads to C．determines to D．decides to19. A．Therefore B．In addition C．However D．And20. A．colors B．sizes C．species D．foods三、短文改错In order to realize his dream, Bill Gates, richest man in the world, gave up studying in Harvard University, that is the most famous in the world. He set up a company and researching the computer software. As an old saying go, “Interest is the best teacher.” I quite agree with thi s idea. I began to be crazy about English when I was a little girl. I got extreme interested in foreign cultures or customs. To meet me curiosity, I read in English stories every day. It seemed to be the best “meal” of a day. As a result, I always did very well in English exam. Interest is the key of success.参考答案：一、1. contribution2. electrical3. pollution4. disagreement5. growth6. educators7. commitment8. circumstances二、1. 解析：选A。
人教版高中英语选修六 Unit4 Global warming-语法篇（教师版）Unit4 Global warming-语法篇_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________1.掌握it在强调句中的用法；2.能够利用这个语法点进行遣词造句并运用到写作中；it的用法—强调句型一、强调句型的基本用法英语中常用的强调句型是：It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语) + that / who / whom + 其他部分。
一般来说，被强调部分指人时，用who或whom，其他情况用that，但that也可指人。
现在用强调句型强调下面这个句子的主语、宾语和状语。
She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.→It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调主语)→It was John Whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调宾语)6. 被强调部分若是句子的主语，that / who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。
eg：It is I that / who am your friend that will come to help you.二、强调句型的几种较为复杂的结构形式1.被强调部分为状语从句。
Eg: It was when Tom was eleven years old thathis talent for writing became obvious.2.被强调部分含有定语从句。
Unit 4 Section ⅡⅠ.阅读理解AThe popularity of bicycling continues to rise, and it is no surprise.It's fun, healthy and ecofriendly.Maybe that's why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no fuel cost!Hop on a bicycle and ride around your neighborhood.You may discover something new in your community.Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car.In many communities, you can bike to work and benefit from exercise without polluting the environment.You don't even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for workers who ride the train.Just fold the bike and take it with you.Have you ever thought about bicycling across a foreign country? It's a great way to experience another culture, see beautiful scenery and meet friendly people.Bicycle enthusiast Goran Kropp bicycled across not just one country but several.He rode a remarkable 11,000 km from his home in Sweden to Nepal and then climbed Mount Everest! And now, bicycling across a country to raise money for a charity or to advertise a cause is also popular.To encourage people to bike, many cities in Europe have established bikeshare programs.In Paris, for example, thousands of bikes are parked at bike stations around the ers can rent bikes at any station.The first halfhour of use is free.After that, users pay a small fee.When they finish riding, they simply park their bikes at any station.For people who don't want to drive, the bikes are an excellent alternative (替代品) to buses and taxis, which burn fuel and cause pollution.As a result of the success of bike plans in Europe, they're spreading to the US, Australia and other countries as well.Look for one in your city soon.文章大意：本文介绍了骑自行车在大城市变得更加流行。
Word文档，精心制作，可任意编辑Unit 4 Global warming1课文与语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 (compare) to other natural changes, the temperature of the earth is rising rapidly. So2 has this come about and does it matter? All scientists subscribe to the view3 the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels4 (produce) energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of5 is carbon dioxide. When huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide6 (add) into the atmosphere, more heat energy tends7 (trap) in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to goup.The attitudes of scientists towards this rise are 8 (complete) different. Some think that the trend in which the temperature increases by 5 degrees would lead to a catastrophe. Others are opposed 9 this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. All in all, greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere and the climate is going to keep on 10 (warm) for decades orcenturies.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.2 课文与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。
Unit 4 Global warmingSection ⅣGrammar & WritingⅠ.按要求改写下列各句1．The car accident happened in this street yesterday.(强调地点状语)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It was in this street that the car accident happened yesterday.2．He left his hometown for Taiwan in his teens.(强调时间状语)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It was in his teens that he left his hometown for Taiwan.3．It was he who broke the window.(改为一般疑问句)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Was it he who broke the window?4．I found a key in his pocket.(强调宾语)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It was a key that I found in his pocket.5．They could not cross the river because the water had risen.(强调原因状语) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.6．Where did he buy the bike？(强调特殊疑问词where)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Where was it that he bought the bike?7．It is the letter that you got yesterday that makes you so sad.(改为一般疑问句)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Is it the letter that you got yesterday that makes you so sad?8．Mike and Mary helped the old man several days ago.(强调主语)________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It was Mike and Mary who/that helped the old man several days ago.9．I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(强调until引导的时间状语从句)______________________________I realized she was a famous film star.答案：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that10．Why did he come late for the meeting？(强调why)__________________________he came late for the meeting?答案：Why was it that11．Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championship take place？(强调where) ______________________________the 44th World Table Tennis Championship took place?答案：Where was it that12. Did they clean the classroom yesterday？(强调they)______________________________cleaned the classroom yesterday?答案：Was it they that/whoⅡ.完成句子1．________________in the hotel where we used to stay________the murder happened.这次谋杀正是在我们以前住过的那家旅馆里发生的。
Unit 4李仕才一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1． ________ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.答案：The 句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。
名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。
2．(2015·浙江杭州质检改编)In Germany, ________ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”， has been running with a great success.答案：a 句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。
project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。
故填不定冠词a。
3．(2015·陕西宝鸡中学期中改编)—Mom, why can't I have ________ new bike？—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.答案：a 句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。
bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
4．(2015·安徽江淮十校联考改编)________ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.答案：The 句意为：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。
wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词the。
