2020职称英语词汇H开头：hazard什么意思及同义词

004 abandon v. 遗弃、丢弃give up, 放弃、认输quit, v.从某处离开，离开、离去drop v. 落下、投下; n.水滴、滴状物resign v. 辞职、放弃throw away, 扔掉、浪费desert n.沙漠；v.舍弃005 abide by, 遵守、信守stick to, 遵守、坚持；保留、保有follow, v 跟随、接着obey, v 服从、听从；遵守、遵循adhere to, 遵循、依附、坚持observe v. 观察、研究、遵守comply with, 服从、遵守accord with, 与….一致，与…..符合coincide with 与….一致006 abnormal adj. 反常的、异常的；变态的unusual adj. 罕有的、异乎寻常的unique, 独一无二的、仅有的uncommon, adj. 不平常的、不寻常的unconventional, adj. 非传统的out of the way 异常的、罕见的、偏远的007 abrupt adj. 突然的，意外的sudden, adj. 突然的、忽然的unexpected adj. 没有想到的，意料之外的unforeseen adj. 未预见到的、意料之外的008 accelerate, v 使加快、使增速step up, 走上，增加、加快速度speed up, 使加速hasten, v 加速、催促、赶快quicken, v 变快、加速、苏醒、使有生机hurry v. 催促、急忙；n. 匆忙、急忙009 acceptably adv. 可以接受地satisfactorily adv. 满意地sufficient adj. 足够的、充足的to meet the requirement 达到要求010 acclaim, v 向….欢呼; n 热烈欢迎或赞同hail, v 致敬、向…..欢呼regard, v 认作；n 关心、注意、尊敬、尊重consider,v 考虑、把….看作、认为；关心、体谅think of 想起、记起；考虑011 take into account, 把….考虑在内take into consideration, 把…考虑在内consider, v 考虑、把…看作think about 考虑、琢磨012 account for, 说明、解释….的原因ex plain, v 讲解、解释interpret, v 解释、说明、口译clarify, v 使清楚、澄清define, v 规定、确定、精确地解释outline n. 提纲、要点；外形、轮廓v. 画出….的轮廓013 accumulate v. 堆积、积累collect, v 搜集、采集；聚集assemble, v 集合、搜集；装配、组合gather, v 使聚集、搜集build up, 逐步建立、增进、增强pile up 成为一堆、堆积014aircraft n. 飞机、飞行器planes n 飞机015 alleviate v. 减轻、缓解、缓和lessen v. 变少、减少lighten, v使….更加明亮，使….明亮soften, v使…变软、变轻柔016 allocate…to…, 分配、分派assign…to…, 分派、交给、指派send…to, 送、寄、派遣transmit…to, 发射、传送；传染、传播dispatch….to 派遣、调遣、发送017 allocate, v分配、分发、把…拨给distribute v分配、发给；散发、散播018 allow, v允许、许可、承认permit, v 允许、许可；n 许可、许可证admit, v 许可进入、承认grant, v 准许、答应给予；n 补助金、助学金、津贴consent, n 准许、同意；v 赞成let v 让、使、出租、放掉019 almost, adv 几乎、差不多practically, adv 几乎、简直nearly, adv 几乎、差不多approximately adv 近似地、大约020 although, 尽管、虽然；但是、然而while, conj 在…期间；尽管、虽然n 一段时间though conj 虽然、尽管、然而、但是021 annoying adj. 恼人的、讨厌的irritating adj. 使…愤怒的、气人的upsetting adj. 令人心烦意乱的troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的、讨厌的022 argue, v争论、辩论contend, n竞争、坚决主张dispute, v/n议论、争论conflict, v/n冲突persuade, 说服，劝说reason n 理由; 原因023 arise, v由...而引起，由...而产生get up, 起床stand up起立, 站起024 arouse, v唤醒excite, v使兴奋, 使激动cause, n 原因, 起因; v成为…的原因; 导致agitate, 搅动, 摇动awaken, v （使）醒, 弄醒stimulate,v 刺激激励awaken v （使）醒, 弄醒025 assemble, v集合, 收集gather, v采集, 采拾; 收割, 收获collect, v收集, 采集accumulate, v堆积; 积累store up v储存; 积攒026 assert, v声称, 断言state firmly, 断言；声明say formally, 声明declare, v宣布, 宣告; 声明announce v宣布, 宣告, 发表027 assume, v 假设, 臆断, 猜想postulate, v 假定, 假设suppose, v 假如take…for grated 认为…理所当然028 at any price, 不惜任何代价for love or money, 无论出什么代价；无论如何at any rate, 无论如何、至少whatever it may be, 不管怎样at any risk不管怎样；无论如何029 at stake, 在危险中in danger, 在危险中, 有…的危险dangerous有危险的, 危险的030 attend to, 注意; 听取; 致力于wait on, 等待; 继续等候serve v （为…）服务; 任（职）031 attraction, n 吸引, 吸引力, 诱惑力lure, vi 吸引, 引诱, 诱惑 ;n吸引力tempt, v 引诱或怂恿（某人）干不正当的事charm n .魅力, 吸引力032 authentically, adv. 确实地,真正地genuinely, adv. 真诚地,诚实地truly adv. 忠实地, 真诚地033 ban , v/n取缔, 查封, 禁止forbid , v禁止not allow, 不准,不可以prohibit, v禁止; 阻止deter, v阻止; 制止disallow v不承认（某事物）有效; 不接受, 不准; 驳回034 bare, v 使赤裸, 使露出, 使暴露; adj. 光秃秃的, 无遮蔽的barren, adj. 无用的, 空洞的, 无结果的infertile, adj. 贫瘠的, 不毛的lean, v 倚, 靠; 依赖naked, adj. 裸露的uncovered, adj. 无盖的,未保险的ex posed adj. 裸露的, 暴露的, 无遮蔽的035 bearing, n 举止, 风度influence, n 影响; 感化力effect, n 结果, 效果, 影响impact, n 影响, v 作用对某事物有影响affect, v 影响036 beat, v （心脏等）跳动, 打败break, v 打破, 折断, 弄坏; 破坏, 违反win, v （通过努力等）赢得, 博得, 获得; （在…中）获胜, 赢triumph, n 胜利；v 获胜、得胜、克服surpass, v 超过; 优于; 多于; 非…所能办到hit, v 打, 打击; n一击, 击中blow v 吹; 吹气; 刮风037 before, 在…前面; 优于, 先于; 先于, 在…以前prior to, 在,,,,之前earlier than, 早于previous to在...前, 在...先, 在...以前038 broaden, v使…变宽, 扩展widen, v 放宽, 加宽, （使）变宽ex tend, v （空间、时间等）延伸; 延续ex pandv 使…变大, 扩大, 扩张001 Better v.改善、提高；adj.有好转的、更好的improve，v. 改善、改进、提高strengthen, v.加强、巩固increase v. 增加、增大、增多enhance v. 提高、增强、加强084 be eligible to, 符合条件的be entitled to, 有...的资格give right to, 放弃权be qualified for有…的资格;适于担任…002 branch,树枝、分条；分支、分科、分系division, n 分开、分配、部门subsidiary adj. 附带的、附属的；n 子公司sector, n 部门、领域department, n 部门、部、系faculty n 能力、才能、院、系039 call off, 取消; 停止cancel, v 取消, 废除terminate, v 结束; 使终结stop, v 停止; 中断; n停止; 逗留erase, v擦掉, 抹去, 清除wipe out, 彻底摧毁, 消灭; 擦净cease v 停止, 终止, 结束040 call up, 打电话telephone n电话;v给（某人）打电话041 careful adj. 仔细的, 小心的conscientious,adj. 认真的, 勤奋的cautious, adj. 小心的, 谨慎的watchful, adj. 警惕的, 留心的alert adj. 警惕的, 警觉的, 注意的; v使（某人）保持警觉prudent adj. 审慎的; 有先见之明的; 判断力强的042 cater for…need, 迎合…需要meet …. need, 满足….需要satisfy….need, 满足…..需要accord with…need, 与….需要一致comply with….need, 遵从…需要in harmony with….need 与….需要一致043 census, n人口普查, 统计count, v 点…的数目, 计算poll, n 民意调查, 民意调查的结果survey, v 调查investigation n 正式的）调查, 侦查044 certain adj. 无疑, 肯定inevitable, adj. 不可避免的, 必然发生的sure, 无疑的, 确信的, 有把握的unavoidable, adj. 不可避免的definite, adj. 明确的, 确切的with no question, 毫无疑虑no doubt无疑地045 change, v改变, 改换; 变化; n改变, 变化, 变更convert, （使）转变, （使）转化alter, v改变, 更改modify, v 修改, 更改adjust, v （改变…以）适应; 调整; 校正vary, v （使）变化, 改变revise, v修订, 修改diversify v使多样化; 多样化046 childish adj. 孩子的, 孩子气的, 孩子所特有的immature, adj. （行为或控制感情）不成熟的naive, adj. 幼稚的; 无经验的; 单纯的juvenile adj. 幼稚的, 年少无知的; n青少年childlike, adj. 孩子似的,天真烂漫的babyish, adj. 婴儿的; 婴儿般的; 稚气的silly adj. 蠢的, 傻的; 糊涂的, 可笑的047 china, n 瓷器porcelain n 瓷, 瓷器048 collaborate, v合作cooperate, v合作; 配合, 协助work together, 共同工作join forces, （同…）联合work in joint efforts 共同努力050 compactly, adv.细密地,简洁地densely adv. 浓密地,浓厚地tightly adv. 紧紧地,坚固地closely, adv 接近地intimately密切地051 compel…to…, 强迫…force…to…, 强迫…drive…to…, 驱使…；强迫….impel …into, 促使…oblige…into 迫使…052 complain, v 抱怨, 诉苦; 投诉feel unhappy, 感到不快find fault, 挑剔criticize, v 评论, 批评protest, n 抗议; 反对; v 声明; 抗议grumble v 抱怨, 发牢骚; n抱怨, 牢骚053 comprehend, v 理解, 领会understand, v懂; 理解know well, 熟悉figure out, 计算出; 解决grasp v 抓住, 抓紧; 理解, 领会;n抓住; 理解054 confidential, adj. 秘密的, 机密的secret, n 秘密, 机密not to be disclosed, 不应外传的private私人的; 个人的；秘密的055 consolidate, v （使）巩固; （使）加强strengthen, v加强, 巩固reinforce, v增强; 加强enhance, v提高, 增加, 加强intensify, v （使）增强, （使）加剧make stronger, （使）更强build up逐步建立, 增进, 增强056 contaminate, v 把…弄脏, 污染pollute, v 污染dirt, n污垢, 灰尘, 脏土spoil, v 损坏; 毁掉make…dirt, 弄脏litter, n废弃物; 垃圾; v使杂乱; 乱丢杂物corrupt, adj. 堕落的, 腐败的, 贪赃舞弊的poison n毒药, 毒物057 continuously, adv 不断地,连续地steadily, adv 稳定地,有规则地stably, adv 稳定地,坚固地,坚定地,有恒心地constantly, adv 不变地,经常地,坚持不懈地uninterruptedly, adv不间断地,连续地always adv 总是; 永远; 一直; 无例外地058 conventional adj. 依照惯例的, 约定俗成的, 依照传统的orthodox adj. 规范的, 公认的, 普遍赞同的traditional adj. 传统的, 惯例的conservative adj. 保守的, 守旧的common adj. 普遍的, 常见的059 copy, n复制本, 副本; v复制; 抄写duplicate adj. 完全一样的, 复制的,n完全一样的东西, 复制品photocopy, n影印本reproduce n复制; 重现; 再版060 coverage, n 新闻报道, 报道量reportage n报道,报道的消息,报告文学061 criticize, v评论, 批评find fault with, 找岔子blame, 指责, 责怪, 归咎于scold, v 责骂, 斥责disapprove of不同意、不赞同062 cultivate, v 耕作, 种植培养foster, v 培养, 促进train, n列车, 火车; v训练, 锻炼; 培养bring up, 教育, 养育（孩子）nurture, n 养育; 培育, 培养;v教养, 培育develop, v 开发, 发展grow, v 生长, 发育plant, n植物; v 种植, 栽种promote v筹划, 发起, 创立063 cure, v治愈, 治好remedy, n 补救办法, 纠正办法compensate, v补偿, 报酬heal, v （使）愈合, 治愈, （使）恢复健康treat, n款待, 招待; v对待, 看待restore to health, 恢复健康alleviate v 减轻、缓和、缓解064 damaging adj. 有破坏性的,损害的,诽谤的harmful adj. 对…有害的; 致伤的bad, adj.坏的, 劣质的; 不合格的, 有错的deleterious adj. 有害的destructive ad. 破坏性的, 毁灭性的detrimental adj. 有害的, 不利的hurtful adj. 有害的; 伤感情的unsafe adj. 不安全的, 危险的, 靠不住的dangerous adj. 有危险的, 危险的risky adj.冒险的; 危险的065 danger, n危险, 风险distress, n悲痛, 痛苦, 忧伤, 苦恼; v 使痛苦, 使忧伤hazard, v尝试着做[提出]; n危险; 公害risk, n危险（性）, 风险; v冒险; 冒…险peril, n 极大危险threat n威胁, 恐吓066 danger, n危险, 风险hazard, v尝试着做[提出]; n危险; 公害067 deadly adj. 致死的, 致命的fatal adj. 致命的lethal adj. 致死的, 能致命的toxic adj. 有毒的；因中毒引起的poisonous adj. 引起中毒的, 有害的068 decent adj. 正派的, 合乎礼仪的, 得体的honest adj. 诚实的, 正直的, 可靠的loyal adj. 忠诚的, 忠心的respectable adj. 正派的; 文雅的; 高尚的well-mannered adj. 有礼貌的,civilized adj. 有礼貌的, 文明的sincere adj. 指感情或行为）真实的; 诚挚的dignified adj. 有尊严的, 高贵的, 显得高尚的, 庄严的069 decide, v下决心; （使）决定make up one’s mind, 决定choose, v 挑选; 选择determined adj. 坚定的, 坚决的, 决意的070 deduce, v推论, 演绎derive, v 得到,源于draw, 绘画, 画; 拔出, 取出, 抽出come to, 苏醒; 清醒; 到达; 达成reach, v到达; n伸手可及的距离work out, 解决, 解答; 计算出figure out计算出; 解决071 deliberately adv. 故意地intentionally adv. 有意地,故意地on purpose, 并非偶然地, 故意地with intent, 蓄意consciously, 有意识地,自觉地by design, 故意地; 蓄意地purposely adv.故意地; 蓄意地072 demand, v 要求,需要;n要求, 所需求之物insist on, 坚持; 强调claim, v声称, 断言require, v 有赖于…; 需要order n次序; 顺序; v命令; 嘱咐073 depend on, 依赖, 依靠rely on, 信赖, 依赖count on, 期望, 指望live on继续活着; 继续存在; 以…为食; 靠…为生074 depict, v描绘; 描画describe, v 描写, 叙述write, v写portray, v画像; 描述draw, 绘画, 画; 拔出, 取出, 抽出illustrate, v说明, 阐明; 表明give a picture to 刻画075 deter, v 阻止; 制止inhibit, v 阻止; 抑制stop, v停止; 中断prevent, v阻止.预防hold back, 阻碍, 阻止check, v 阻碍, 制止; 抑制; n检查, 核对discourage, v 使气馁; 使沮丧forbid v 禁止076 dimly adv. 微暗,朦胧faintly adv. 微弱地; 隐约地; 虚弱地weakly, adv.软弱地; 无力地; 疲软地softly adv. 轻轻地; 轻柔地; 温和地; 柔和地mildly adv. 温和地,适度地,略微077 disappear, v不见, 消失vanish, v消失, 突然不见die away, 尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失, 停止fade away, 消失; 衰弱dissolve v （使）溶解078 discuss, v谈论, 讨论; 商量, 论述talk over, 说服; 讨论, 商量negotiate, 谈判; 协商; 议定chat about, 闲聊…argue about 争论, 辩论079 doctor, n 医生, 大夫physician, n 医生, 内科医生surgeon外科医生080 draft, n 草稿, 草案, 草图; v起草, 画草图, 草拟formulate, 构想出, 规划design, v 设计, 绘制outline, n 提纲, 要点, 概要sketch n 草图; 素描; 速写; v素描; 作…的略图081 die out, （指物种、家族、习惯、观念等）绝迹, 消失ex tinct, adj. 灭绝的, 绝种的kill out, 灭绝destruct, v 破坏的destroy v破坏, 毁灭082 effect, n 结果, 效果, 影响result, n 结果; 效果; 后果; 成效; v发生, 产生; 导致, 结果是consequence, 结果, 后果outcome, 结果end product最后结果, 终产物083 elicit, v引出, 探出provoke, v激起; 惹怒cause, n 原因, 起因; v成为…的原因; 导致induce, v引诱, 劝导result in, 引起, 导致; 以…为结局lead to, 把…带到, 领到arouse v 唤醒, 引起, 激发085 encourage, v鼓励, 激励, 促进, 助长, 激发spur, v以马刺策（马）使其快跑excite, v 使兴奋, 使激动promote 提升, 提拔, 筹划, 发起, 创立inspire, v 鼓舞, 激励support, 支撑; 托住; 支持push, v推, 推动give confidence to, 给予信心；使放心persuade说服, 劝告086 endeavor, v尝试, 试;n〈正〉努力, 尽力try, v试图; 努力; n尝试attempt, v试图; 尝试;n尝试, 试图, 企图manage, v经营, 管理; 控制, 操纵make efforts 做出努力087 especially, adv尤其, 特别particularly, adv特别; 尤其for the most part, 多半; 就绝大部分而言mainly, adv大部分地; 主要地chiefly, adv主要地, 首要地mostly adv大部分, 主要地, 多半, 通常088 eternal adj. 永恒的, 永久的everlasting adj. 永久的, 永恒的lasting, 持久的, 恒久的timeless adj. 永存的; 无日期的immutable adj. 不可变never-ending adj. 不停的,无限的ceaseless adj. 不停的; （好像）无休止的; 不断的perpetual adj. 永久的; 终身的continuous adj. 连续的, 没有中断的089 exhibit, v 陈列; 展览show, v给…看, 显示; n表演, 演出illustrate, v 给…加插图, 说明, 阐明; 表明represent, v表现, 描绘display, n陈列, 展览demonstrate, v 举行示威**（或集会）, 说明, 演示put on display陈列，展览；显露，表现090 explore, v 勘查, 探测, 勘探investigate, 调查; 审查look into, 浏览; 调查〔查找〕…search, n/v 搜索, 寻找, 探查survey, n调查probe, n 探索, 调查;v探索; 用探针（或探测器等）探查, 探测hunt v 搜寻, 寻找, 追捕091 explore, v探索; 探究; 仔细查看probe, n探索, 调查;v探索; 用探针（或探测器等）探查, 探测see about, 查看, 处理review n回顾; 检查; 检讨; 重新考虑092 extensive adj. 广阔的, 广泛的; 大量的, 大规模的massive,adj. 大而重的, 大块的wide-ranging adj. 范围或内容广泛的far-reaching,adj. 深远的broad,adj. 宽的, 阔的; 广的widespread,adj. 分布广的; 普遍的, 广泛的general adj. 普遍的, 全面的; 总体的, 整体的093 extract, v （费力地）拔出, 抽出take out, 把…带出去pull out, （火车）驶出, （船）划出; 从某处离开, 从某处开出draw, v 绘画, 画; 拔出, 取出, 抽出dig out, 挖掘; 挖走remove, v移走; 排除; 迁移; 移居mine v在…中开采, 开采; n矿, 矿井094 fail, v在…中失败, 不足, 短缺, 缺乏omit to, 疏忽not succeed 不成功095 fascinate, v 使着迷, 使极感兴趣intrigue, v 激起…的好奇心; n密谋策划, 阴谋attract, v吸引, 引起…的注意interest, n兴趣; 爱好, 嗜好; v使产生兴趣charm, n魅力, 吸引力; v使高兴, 使着迷; 吸引lure n吸引力; v吸引, 引诱, 诱惑096 final,adj. 最后的, 最终的last, v 延续; 继续; v经受住, 到…之后concluding adj. 结束的ultimate,adj. 最后的, 最终的terminal adj. 末端的, 终点的, 极限的097 framework, n构架; 结构skeleton, n骨骼; 骷髅outline, n提纲, 要点, 概要profile, n侧面, 侧面像; 简介, 概况, 传略structure, n结构, 构造plan n计划, 打算, 方案; v计划, 打算, 设计003 plentiful adj. 丰富的、大量的abundant, adj.大量的、充足的rich, adj. 丰富的，贵重的；富裕的enormous adj. 巨大的、庞大的a great deal , n 大量的a number of, 许多的plenty of, 很多、大量a great number of, 多数的numerous, 很多的、许多的lots of, 许多much adv. 很、非常；adj. 许多、大量many adj. 许多的、大量的049 run into, 与…相撞hit, v 打, 打击bump into, 偶然碰见come into, 加入; 参加contact into与......接触，交往。

acceleration: n.加速度，加速【同】speeding up, hastening, increase of speed, quickening, hurrying, expedition, stepping up, picking up speedaccessory: n. ①附件, 零件, 附加物②从犯, 同谋者adj.附属的, 补充的, 同谋的, 副的【同】helper, aid, assistant, see associateaccumulate: v.积聚, 堆积【同】hoard, get together, gather (into a mass), collect (a bulk of), heap, store, assemble, aggregate, concentrate, stack up or together, stockpile, store up, heap up or together, acquire, gain, load up, attach, draw or bring together, lump together, unite, incorporate, add to, profit, make money, grow rich, build up, gain control; increase, swell, build up, expand, grow, enlarge; multiply【反】scatter, squander, distributeadjoin: v.邻接, 毗连【同】be close to, lie beside, be adjacent to; unite, append, join advance: n. ①前进, 提升【同】impetus, progression, motion, progress ②预付款【同】allowance, credit, loan v. ①前进, 提前，提出【同】progress, proceed, move on, press on, stride forward, go forth, speed on, step forward, come to the front, move onward【反】halt, stop, stand still ②预付make payment, prepay, pay up【同】adj. 前面的, 预先的【同】radical, unconventional, ahead of the timesadhere: v. ①粘附, 胶着②坚持【同】follow, be devoted to, obey; conform to, observe, abide by, comply (with); cling to, hold fast onto, stick toadverse: adj.不利的, 敌对的, 相反的【同】hostile, conflicting, unfriendly; unfavorable, inopportune, disadvantageousaffiliate: v. (使…)加入, 接受为会员【同】combine, associate, form connection with, associate, untieagitation: n. ①激动, 兴奋②煽动, 搅动【同】stir, confusion, tumult, excitement apprehension: n. ①理解【同】comprehension, grasp, perspicacity, judgment ②忧惧【同】dread, fear③拘捕【同】capture, seizure, detention, arrestagony: n.苦恼, 极大的痛苦【同】suffering, torture, anguish, painappraisal: n.评价, 估价(尤指估价财产,以便征税), 鉴定【同】assess, price, value; calculate, evaluate, figure, estimatealien:n.外侨adj. ①外国的, 相异的②不同, 背道而驰【同】exotic, strange, unknown, foreign; different, dissimilar, outlandish, queeranonymous: adj.匿名的【同】unsigned, nameless, unknown, unacknowledged, unnamed, authorless, unclaimed, unidentified, bearing no name【反】named, signed, acknowledgedarbitrary: adj. ①任意的【同】willful, self-assertive, injudicious, inconsistent, irresponsible, opinionated, unreasonable, unscientific, superficial②武断的, 独裁的, 专断的【同】dictatorial, tyrannical, absolute, autocraticassimilate: v.吸收【同】v. take up, digest, absorb; grasp, learn, sense; see understand; adapt, acclimatize, accustom, conformauxiliary: adj.辅助的, 补助的【同】aiding, assisting, supporting, collaborating, co-operating; secondary, subordinateblunder: v. ①跌跌撞撞地走②犯大错, 做错n.大错, 失误【同】mistake, lapse, oversight, errorchallenge: n.挑战【同】dare, provocation, threat vt.向……挑战【同】to invite to contest, threaten; dispute, inquire, doubt, question【反】abandon, give up, put away coherent: adj. ①粘在一起的【同】consistent, identified, combined②一致的, 连贯的【同】comprehensible, sound, intelligiblecomply: vi. ①顺从, 答应②遵守【同】conform, agree to, obeycompromise: n.妥协, 折衷【同】bargaining, granting, concessions, finding a middle course, agreement v. ①妥协, 折衷【同】agree, conciliate, find a middle ground, take to arbitration, negotiate②危及……的安全【同】jeopardize, hazard, imperil conspicuous: adj. 显著的【同】outstanding, eminent, distinguished, celebrated, notable, illustrious, prominent, remarkable, renowned, famed, notorious, glaring, noticeabledilemma: n.进退两难的局面, 困难的选择【同】perplexity, predicament, situation, plight, difficultyelaborate:v. ①精心制作②详细阐述, 详细描述adj. ①精心制作的②详细阐述的【同】complicated, extensive, laborious, minute, widely developed, intricate, involved, highly organized, many-faceted, complex, painstaking, studiedexaggerate: v.夸大, 夸张【同】overestimate, overdraw, overstate, misrepresent, falsify, magnify, expand, amplify, pile up, heighten, intensify, distort, enlarge (on), make too much of, lie, fabricate, corrupt【反】underestimate, tell the truth, minimize feasible: adj.可行的, 切实可行的【同】achievable, attainable, workable; probable, practicable hypocrisy: n. 伪善，口是心非【同】affectation, bad faith, hollowness, display, lip service, sham, fraud, pretense of virtue or piety, false goodness, deception, dishonesty, liegloomy: adj. ①黑暗的, 阴沉的②令人沮丧的③阴郁的【同】dim, clouded, unlit; downhearted, depressed; dreary, depressing, discouraginghypocrisy: n. 伪善，口是心非【同】affectation, bad faith, hollowness, display, lip service, sham, fraud, pretense of virtue or piety, false goodness, deception, dishonesty, lieintegral: adj. ①完整的②整体的, 构成整体所需要的【同】complete, indivisible, aggregate, undivided, unbroken, elemental, wholeintermittent: adj. 间歇的, 断断续续的【同】periodic, shifting, coming and going, broken, epochal, discontinuous, every other, on and off, fitful, occasional, now and then, changing, periodiclame: [leim] vi.变跛, 瘸行adj. ①跛足的【同】crippled, defective, limping, deformed, disabled ②(辩解、论据等)无说服力的【同】inefficient, ineffective, faltering, faulty, inadequate, poor, unfinished, unsatisfactory, wantingmean: adj. ①低劣的, 卑鄙的【同】base, low, debased, vulgar②普通的, 简陋的【同】③吝啬的miserly, niggardly, greedy【同】④平均的【同】mediocre, middling, halfway, common, conventional v. ①意味, 想要②用意, 有意义【同】indicate, spell, denote, signify, betoken, import, add up, determine, symbolize, imply, involve, touch on, stand for, drive at, point to, connote, suggest, express, designate, tell the meaning of n.平均数, 中间, 中庸【同】middle, median, midpoint, average, centerobstinate: adj.倔强的, 顽固的【同】stubborn, firm, headstrong, dogged, opinionated, strong-minded, inflexible, unimpressible, determined, convinced, resolved, self-willed, unalterable, unconquerable, unyielding, unbending, immovable, decided, callous, hard, hardened, relentless, resistant, repulsive, willful, prejudiced, biased, unreasoning, resoluteorthodox: adj. ①正统的, 传统的, 保守的②习惯的【同】standard, customary, doctrinal, conservative, conventionalpension: n. 养老金, 退休金【同】annuity, premium, payment, grant, social security, gift, reward, allowance, subsidysubmerge: v. ①浸没, 淹没, 掩没②潜水【同】submerse, engulf, swamp, immerse; descend, immerse, subside, sinktentative: adj. ①试验性的, 试探的, 尝试的②暂定的【同】provisional, probationary trial, on trial, makeshift, experimental【反】conclusive, final, decisive 09年补充affection------ emotion , careaffiliate------ branch, subordinate,attachaggravate-------- worsenagreeable-------- pleasantaggressive------- promising 有进取心的alien ----------- foreignalleviate-------- appease 缓解alternate--------- interchange 交替的applaud----------- acclaim 喝彩assume------------ pretend 假装augment----------- expand, enlargeauxiliary--------- subsidiary 辅助的avert ----------- avoidbearing----------- behaviour, conduct 举止行为bewilder---------- perplexcelebrity--------- popularitycement------------ strengthen, consolidate comprehension------ apprehensionconceal------------ hidecomplaint---------- diseasecompatible--------- harmonious 可相容的conceive----------- envision,想象，怀孕confess------------ acknowledge consecutive-------- constant,continuous conspicuous-------- obviouscontaminate-------- pollutedissipate----------disperse 驱散predominance-----advantage,upside handcap------disadvantageat a loss------puzzle,confuse diminish-----lessenassault----attacksly----clever, hiddenample----abundantget on in life----succeedswiftly----quicklyfrown on-----disagreecontention-------argue,debatefind fault with-----criticize beyond disbute----believing stationary-------standstill detrimental-------harmfulaffiliate-----branchdisregard------neglect,overlookin sympathy with----agree with perish----die, disappear properous----flourishpanick----fearfulfor sure---certainlyoutrage---indignation, grievance surge-----soarshield----shelter,protectresort to---turn toweather-----experiencerather than-----other thankeep abreast of-----catch onwell off----wealthyinfringement------harmdeceive-----deceptiveside with----supportliability----responsibilitylikewise-----similarlytedious---monotonous,boringtoil---work hard(辛苦地工作)apart from-----except ,in addition to proponent------sponsor ,supporter free from ------withoutquestion --------challenge ,defy precision--------accuracy, exacttilt ---------slope ,lean toward one side cater to ------fit suitpersonal-------individual, private eventually-----finallyby virtue of------due to, owing to possess ----------own, sharepostpone---------delayoutweigh----------surpassproof ------evidenceenhance-----------strengthenadvance ----------raise , move forward identify--------recognizerash ----------increase ,large number debate---------controversycondition-------control, influence allegiance--------loyaltyabandon--------give up ,desert superficial--------not deep ,on the surface absorb ---------take in, comprehend temporary----------short termed coordinated----------cooperative hazard --------dangersoar------go up ,expand ,rocketstand out --------popular, outstandingdistrust -------suspect, doubtget acquainted with--------be familial with concern--------worrytry out -------investigateintelligent-------giftedfocus on --------concentrate on, emphasize ward off---------stop, prevent hospitable--------friendlyinclined-----------tend to ,likelyprotect ---------shelter, shieldvanish -------disappearemerge----------appear, turn upbe aware of -------be conscious of distinguish from--------differ from involve--------includeemphasize---------stressrely on -------depend onbe conditioned to------be accustomed to lack of -------losedistract--------draw attention from substitute------replaceadvocate -------support, sponsoradolescent-------teenagerdecline-------drop, cut, lower,shrink,curb,lessen,diminish,decelerate deceive--------deceitful, deceptive, dishoneston the line,on the ropes-------in dangeremployee------staff, workerdrown--------die under the waternew-----novelsufficient-----abundantcause--------bring aboutyearly-------annualsame--------identicalexpect------anticipateovercome------conquerunwilling -------reluctantpermanent-----------everlastingbe attached to -------be fond oftake part in --------participateby chance-------by accident, accidentallyvulnerable------easily affectedscrutiny-------observe carefully。

第一类：巨大: big-colossal/ enormous(size, number, degree)/ immense(size, degree)/ gargantuan/ grandiose/ massive/ monolithic/ prodigious(bulk, quantity, degree)/ titanic/ tremendous(large)小的: small-diminutive/ miniature/ miniscule快的(副词):fastly—by leaps and bounds(with extraordinary rapidity)加强: strengthen-bolster/ buttress/ consolidate/ reinforce/ intensify/ fortify (可以用在argument)强的: strong-brawny(人)/ muscular/ sinewy/ impregnable(不可征服)/ invincible(不可征服)/ potent/robust(人，大范围情况下无失败的能力)/ virile/ stalwart(人，精神，思想)/ stout/ sturdy强人: baron(巨头) magnate/ mogul—显赫之人削弱: weaken-diminish / debilitate/ enervate也可用于精神道德上削弱/ sap/ undermine/perish/wane弱的: weak—feeble/ decrepit/ frail/ flaccid/ impotent/ puny/ tenuous重要的: important –consequential/ momentous/ eminent/ prominent/ pivotal 极其重要/ substantial/ significant/ crucial/ essential/ fundamental重要: importance—core/ hub/ essence-本质精髓/ gist-main point/magnitude（类似的）居首位的: leading—foremost/ paramount-至高无上/ overriding /predominant主导地位的，显著的/ prevailing/ preeminent prevalent/ supreme不重要的: unimportant—marginal/ peripheral/ negligible-微不足道/ trifling/trivial-也作琐碎的超过: surpass—eclipse-to reduce in importance or repute /exceed/override/overwhelm-强势压倒也可用于精神上overwhelming-adj./prevail/transcend/ be superior to/ outwit / outweigh / be inferior to（劣于）= be subordinate to强权: ascendancy/hegemony-也做霸权/supremacy二初始: beginning—debut/premiere/ prime也做adj.首要的最好的/ genesis-noun. 起源/ inception/ onset/ threshold/ lead off/ lead out (比to begin with好得多拉) (或者说什么的到来：advent of something)初始的: beginning-- primitive//budding/ fledgling/ embryonic-萌芽期的/（古老的意义解时archaic or antiquated or obsolescent or obsolete）开始: begin/start—commence-vi&vt/ initiate-vi/ embark/ inaugurate开始：begin/start=undertake / embark upon着手开始做增长: grow—multiply成倍增长/mushroom-vi/proliferate/ sprout/accelerate/ burgeon(慢慢增长)使其增长: increase--amplify/ magnify/ add-augment/ supplement增补加重，升级aggravate (恶化)vt / escalate-vt&vi/ exacerbate-vt加重恶化/ deteriorate/ impair-vt.损害削弱减少，减弱: decrease—abate/attenuate/ detract/ diminish/ slacken/curb/ curtail/ (number)pare/ prune删除多余的东西/ slash/ trim/ whittle削减利润收入等金钱方面、权利、差别、数目/减轻decrease---allay/ assuage-减轻使痛苦的东西如愤怒、内疚等/ mollify/ soothe/mitigate/变弱decrease—dwindle/ ebb/ subside/ wane/ weaken/ impair上升: ascend—lift / surge/ rocket/ boast/ soar/ boom达到顶峰culminate也表示以…告终culminate in；顶点: peak—acme/apex/ pinnacle/ climax/ apogee n.远地点/ zenith(nadir最低点or abyss深渊) (zenith&nadir特别适合用在比喻强调两者的区别大~两个词的来源大家可以查查~两个对比强烈哦)It felt as if we had traveled from nadir to zenith.下降: descend/ plummet垂直急速下降/plunge/ slump/ tumble(fluctuate波动)三gather聚拢：accumulate/ amass/ assemble/ congregate/ garner/ glean/ muster/ rally(为反对或支持而召集)group群组：battalion/ bevy/ cluster/ drove/ flock/ swarm/ throng combination集合：assortment/ medley/ mosaic（马赛克）/ motley(五花八门：形容词也可以)a lot of/ a great many of= manifold 许多–abundant/ ample(充足) / copious(大量的)/ fraught with/ replete with/ numerous/ innumerable(不计其数)/ myriad 很多/ a multitude of/ multitudes of/ a myriad of 无数的人们/ limitless无限的/ a deluge of/ beaucoup <法> adj.非常多的(很多同学都喜欢用~a lot of~a great number of~这里注意:numerous这里表达的不是无数很多那样~之表示一般的多~这一点从G猫老外改得一篇文章可以看到)large quantity: 大量：avalanche/a spate of(比喻意大量的某物) / exodus大量流出/ 大量流入influx/ multitude大量/ plethora比喻意：大量/ profusion丰富，繁多拥有大量：boast/ abound / a deluge of(被大量的某物所淹没)/ teem-vi: teem in到处散开：spread- dispel(驱散)/ disperse-vi&vt/ disseminate稀少的：scarce/ meager/ scant/ scanty/ skimpy/ sparse/ dearth节俭的：frugal/ thrifty/ miserly吝啬的/富裕的：rich- affluent，affluent society 富足社会/ lavish/ luxurious/ opulent/ sumptuous奢侈的豪华的/ palatial浪费的：improvident无远见的/ prodigal son（浪荡子）=improvident/ profligate贫困的：poor= destitute/ impoverished/ impecunious/ indigent (形容人)四困难的：difficult= arduous/ strenuous/ daunting/ formidable/ exacting/ insuperable/ impassable-~ gulf无法逾越的鸿沟/ onerous繁重的（issue中大量存在"困难"的表达）困境：(陷入困难的处境就是困难)difficult situations= deadlock/ impasse/ stalemate/ dilemma/ predicament/ quandary/ mire泥沼/ morass/ swamp/ quagmire/ standstill停止，僵局/ labyrinth迷宫-a ~ of relationship 错综复杂的关系(很好的比喻的说法~可以说什么问题把我们陷入了一个迷宫~僵局等~)陷入：reduce/ get bogged down/ plunge into复杂的：complicated/ intricate/ complex/(这里介绍一个很好的押韵的方法：complex and perplexed/complicate and intricate or sophisticated用在表达困难的地方可以显示出词汇的完善更能有一种押运修辞的效果~读起来琅琅上口)复杂的事情：imbroglio/ mesh/ tangle/ labyrinth迷宫= maze卷入复杂的境地：involve= embroil/ ensnare诱入陷阱/ entangle从复杂境地脱身：escape= extricate难以理解：abstruse/ recondite/ intricate/ arcane只有少数人可以理解=esoteric/ cryptic 简短却令人迷惑/ enigmatic谜一般的enigma 形容词形式/ inexplicable无法解释/ inscrutable无法捉摸=unfathomable/ mysterious/ supernatural/ mystical/ extraterrestrial(这里的词很多都表示难以理解~ 很多题目学习类~教育类~社会类~历史类~艺术类~只要表示某某问题把我们难倒了都可以用)迷mystery-puzzle= enigma/ conundrum/ riddle/迷宫labyrinth/ maze令人迷惑：puzzle = baffle/ befuddle/ bewilder/ confound/ mystify/ perplex令人沮丧：depressed= with depression/ frustrating/ daunting令人畏惧的/ dismal/ 使可以理解：clarify= elucidate/ enlighten启迪教化/ explicate阐明/ expound on/upon /illuminate照亮说清楚可以理解的：intelligible = explicit/ lucid阻碍：hindrance-noun.= fetter/ shackle/ trammel枷锁桎梏/ onus负担重任阻碍：动词hamper = encumber造成负担/ foil/ stymie/ thwart阻碍或者挫败工作完成/ handicap/ hinder/ impede/ retard压制：smother/ stifle 令人窒息，压制约束suppress/ pin down协助促进：aid = facilitate/ foster/ nurture/ buttress/五著名的：famous = celebrated/ renowned/ reputed/ distinguished/ illustrious/ prestigious/ outstanding/ distinctive/ eminent/ notable/ noticeable/ striking/ remarkable/ preeminentbe famous for = take pride inelite= meritocrat (meritocracy n.知识界精华)(用上的话超级有文采~嘻嘻)有特色：feature = savor/ 因为什么而闻名可用famous一系列臭名昭著：disreputable = infamous/ notorious/ nefarious因为极坏而臭名昭著好的名声：reputation = esteem/ prestige坏的名声：disgrace/ disrepute/ ignominy/ infamy/ odium/ opprobrium/ stigma不好的声誉，耻辱。

2020职称英语词汇H开头：hold的中文意思名词1.船舱，货舱2.控制力，约束3.【体】（摔跤中的）擒章法4.把柄，支撑点，固定物5.容器6.中断，暂停7.躲藏处8.监牢，关押9.（一节舞蹈完毕时的）亮相10.【古】堡垒，要塞及物动词：1.拿着，抓住，托住，支撑2.保持特定状态3.[hold oneself]（在举止方面）表现；使打起精神4.使遵守，使受制约（to）5.约束，控制6.留下，扣留；延迟7.占据，守住；吸引（注意）8.容纳，包含，储藏9.会喝（酒）10.举行，召集，主持，庆祝（节日）11.拥有，获得12.怀有（见解等）13.认为，相信，记住14.掌握（权力等），担任15.把…对准（on）16.【体】使对手占不到优势17.延长（音符），继续唱不及物动词：1.顶住，支持得住2.（天气）保持晴好；保持3.握住；抓住4.继续前进5.有效，适用6.表现7.【古】克制自己8.（用于命令）停止9.暂停，中断10.【计】保存11.获得（from，of）12.携带（或出售）违禁毒品同义词：accommodate，admit；contain，bear，carry；go for，apply； back，keep back，retain；bear；entertain，harbor，harbour，nurse。

单词分析：这些动词均有“有，具有，持有”之意。

have：最常用词，可指任何情况下的具有，无论是物质的或精神的。

hold：指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。

own：不及本组的possess正式，多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。

possess：较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。

keep：指长时间地保有，保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情上的依附。

enjoy：指享有某种权利或长处，带有欣赏或喜爱的情感。

英语句子Catch hold of; grasp hold of抓住;握住;找到;搞到Hold in; contain压抑;忍住Have [hold] a parade举行*[阅兵]holding detent制动爪,掣子Hold up"举起,阻挡,使停止;抢劫,拦截"英语解释have as a major characteristichave room for; hold without crowdingremain in a certain state, position, or condition contain or hold; have withinstop dealing withbe pertinent or relevant or applicablesecure and keep for possible future use or application have rightfully; of rights, titles, and officestake and maintain control over, often by violent means maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)相似短语hold fast v. 紧紧抓住hold dear v. 看重，珍视hold against vt.使...影响,因对抱有成见hold for vt.适用于hold open vt.开着相似单词anchor-hold n. 锚力,挂锚处所,安全title-holder n. 〈体〉冠军保持者toe-hold n. 攀登时脚趾大小的立足点after-hold 【机】艉货舱caustic-holder 【医】腐蚀剂把持器。

2020职称英语词汇H开头：haste是什么意思及用法名词1.急忙，匆忙同义词：hurry；hurry，rush，rushing；hastiness，hurriedness，hurry，precipitation。

单词分析：这些名词均含“迅速，急速”之意。

haste：中性词，用作褒义指动作迅速，事情做得又快又好；作贬义用时，指做事急躁，行为鲁莽，得不到预期的结果。

speed：多用于褒义，指行动敏捷快速，效果好。

hurry：指急速从事某项活动或匆忙对付一件事情，含明显慌乱的意味。

dispatch：指迅速、敏捷地结事某事，强调敏捷和即时。

英语句子In haste; in a rush匆忙;赶快Marry in haste, and repent at leisure婚前不睁眼婚后就傻眼Marry in haste and repent at leisure.草率成婚后悔多。

Haste makes waste is a proverb.欲速则不达是一句谚语。

Make haste slowly从容赶急英语解释a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurrythe act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manneroverly eager speed (and possible carelessness)相似短语post-haste n. 特快with haste 急忙地without haste 不慌不忙地in haste adv. 急速地，急忙地，草率地make haste 急忙,赶急,匆忙相似单词hastened [ hasten ]的过去式hastening [ hasten ]的现在分词Hastelloy 哈斯特莱合金,哈斯特洛伊镍基耐蚀耐热合金,哈司特镍合金hastelloy 哈斯特洛伊耐蚀镍基合金,哈司特莱镍基合金haste n. 1.急忙，匆忙。

Hhaggle (v) to bargain, as over the price of something讨价还价[例] He preferred to be overcharged than to haggle.hand (n.): in hand现有ready[例]Cash in hand is kept in reserve for daily expenses.handbook(n.) a concise manual or reference book providing specific information or instruction about a subject or place手册hand in (v.) deliver by hand交上hand in one’s notice (v.) resign辞职[例]I’ve heard that three more employees are going to hand in their notice in May.handle (v.) deal with something处理[例]We can easily handle more business.hands -on (adj.) by direct experience亲身经历的[例]He judged it by hands-on experience.hard sell (n.) aggressive selling强行推销[例]Hard sell is unfair to consumers.haulage (n) the act or process of hauling 拖运[例]a haulage companyhazard (n.) danger危险[例]New technologies are continually being introduced that create new hazards not covered by existing laws.head (v.) be the head of, be in charge of领导[例]The department is headed by me as personnel director.[同义词]lead, direct, controlheader paper(n) writing paper with the name, address and telephone number of an company printed at the top带信头的信纸[例] In our correspondence , we usually use headed paper.headhunt (v) to look for someone for a job or position猎头[例] The firm is headhunting some talented young men for this project.headquarters (n.) a center of operations or administration总部[例]The company has its headquarters in the suburbs.health and safety (n.) measures taken by a company to protect its employees工厂健康安全措施hedge(n.) protection, security套头，两面下注以避免损失[例]Hedging can help offset the constant rise and fall in the price of commodities traded.hidden (adj.) not declared, not obvious隐藏的，灰色的[例]There are certain hidden costs.[同义词]secret, concealedhire(v.) take on a paid worker, employ雇佣[例]Make sure you hire people with the aptitude and potential to do the job.hire purchase (n.) method of buying something by paying over an extended period分期付款购买.hit (v.) reach a target实现目标[例]We hit the target audience.[同义词]reach, attain, achievehold (v.) own拥有[例]The chairman holds 45% of the shares.holder (n.) person who owns something持有者[例]holders of shares in the companyholding company(n.) company which acts only as a legal entity for owning shares in subsidiary companies控股公司[例]The infeasible decision made by the holding company led to great loss of its subsidiary companies.hostile(adj.) unfriendly敌视的[例]a hostile takeover bid[同义词]opposed, contrary, antagonisticHRD(n.) (=Human Resources Development) activities to develop the organisation’s workforce人力资源开发human resources (n.) workforce of an organization人力资源[例]Human resources management can also reflect the company culture.hype (n.) exaggerated statements in advertising大肆宣传[例]We should not use hype in advertising to cheat our customers.。

2020职称英语词汇H开头：handicap的中文翻译可数名词：障碍，困难及物动词：加障碍于，妨碍词形变化：时态：handicapped，handicapping，handicaps。

同义词：hamper，hinder；disability，disablement，impairment；disable，incapacitate，invalid；deterrent，hinderance，hindrance，impediment，balk，baulk，check。

英语句子The handicapped(身体或精神上有缺陷的)残废人Handicapped only残障用电梯A handicapped child残废的儿童Room for the handicapped残疾人客房Physically exhausted,fit,handicapped身体疲劳、健康、残疾英语解释put at a disadvantageattempt to forecast the winner (especially in a horse race) and assign odds for or against a contestantadvantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winningthe condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitnessinjure permanentlysomething immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress相似短语disuse handicap 废用性缺陷maternal handicap 母体阻滞emotional handicap 情绪障碍language handicap 语言障碍cultural handicap 文化上的障碍相似单词handicapping [ handicap ]的现在分词handicaps [ handicap ]的第三人称单数handicap n.[C] 障碍，困难 v.[T] 加障碍于，妨碍handicapped adj. 残障的handicapper n. 主管handicap的人。

同义词替换大全Cambridge 4 TEST11.ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no n otice=not take any notice 忽略，无视 v.2.encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇 v.3.mistaken view=misconception错误的观点 n.4.easy to reach=accessible容易达到的 adj.5.change=modify(modification)改变 v.6.destruction=destroy=loss毁坏 n.7.investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look int o调查 v.8.where=geographical location表地点9.important=vital=essential=crucial重要的 adj.10.reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因 n.11.protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护 v.12.newspapers,television=media媒体 n.13.where to live=habitat居住地 n.14.get warmer=global warming变暖 n.15.contribute to=play a part 有助于 v.16.survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来 v.17.curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.18.link to=be connected with=be linked with把⋯和⋯相联系v.19.underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.20.poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak 贫穷的，可怜的adj.21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirabl e 超常的，例外的adj.22.mating=courtship交配.23.follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪 v.24.good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful好的视力25.best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one=ultimate=o ptimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的 adj.26.surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=st artled感到惊讶的 adj.27.volunteer=subject实验研究对象 n28.similar=resemble=like=alike相似的 adj.29.blind=can not see 瞎的 adj.Cambridge 4 TEST21.initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your owninitiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的 adj.主动权 n.2.increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on the increase=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加 v.3.teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up 教学 v.4.more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language 多种语言 n.5.determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose决定 v.6.young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor年轻 n.munity=all the people in a particular area, city,count ry etc. 群体，团体，社区n.8.traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable传统的 adj.9.fail=failure=not succeed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do no good=fall thro ugh 失败 v.10.endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being hurt=damaged=destroyed危及，使危险v.11.diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.12.inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid不可避免的 adj.13.differ from=unusual与⋯不同v.14.reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath t o do something=conservative勉强的adj.15.consult=ask somebody's advice=seek advice=get/obtain advi ce 资询 v.16.alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation=variant另一个17.therapist=someone who has been trained to give a partic ular form of treatment for physical or mental illness临床医学家 n.18.retrain=taking courses再教育v.19.salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资，收入n.20.long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lifelong=prolonged=lingering=enduring=abiding=incurable长期的 adj. plaint=complain=make a complaint=protest=object=complain 抱怨 n.22.illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病 n.23.connection=relationship=link=correlation联系 n.24.beneficial=be good for you/do somebody good=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful有益的 adj.25.insight=comprehension=understanding理解，见解 n.26.physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的 adj27.hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍，危险n.28.accompany=with=together=along with=come wit 陪伴 , 伴随29.mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的，心理的 adj.30.possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility可能的 adj.31.reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut减少 n.32.class=type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类 n.33.rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练，演习n.34.peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc同伴 n.35.defensive=used or intended to protect someone or somethi ng against attack防御 n.36.strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tactics方法 , 功略 n.37.assist=help=aid=with the aid of 帮助 v.38.specific=give(somebody)more details=expand on=enlargeon=go into more=greater detail=be more specific=be more ex plicit=elaborate特定的 adj.39.substance=a particular type of solid, liquid,or gas 物质 n.40.surroundings=environment=circumstance环境n.41.engage=give somebody a job=employ=take on=appoint=recruit=sign up 雇佣 v.bine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v.43.survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n. Cambridge 4 TEST31.quotation=a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because i t is interesting or amusing引言 n.2.exemplify=example=case=instance=to be a very typical ex ample of something=to give an example of something例证 v.3.explain=tell=say what/why/where etc=show=demonstrate=go through=throw/shed light on=set out 解释 v.4.outline=to describe something in a general way,giving t he main points but not the details概述 v.5.purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=end目的 n.6.encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do somethi ng=influence=encourage=talk somebody into=put somebody up to鼓励 v.7.loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a banketc.贷款 n.8.poverty=being poor贫穷 n.9.crime=illegal activities in general犯罪 n.10.reject=to refuse to accept,believe in,or agree with somet hing拒绝 v.11.employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage=appoint=recruit=sign up 雇佣 v.12.courier=a person or company that is paid to take packag es somewhere快递员 n.13.storage=keep=store=keep something in storage=preserve存储n.14.facility=rooms,equipment,or services that are provided f or a particular purpose设备 n.15.ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competitive=determined to be successful,rich, powerful etc. 有志向的，雄心壮志的 adj.16.effort=to try very hard to do something=attempt=campaign=drive 努力 n.17.feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important,interesting,or typical;a part of the land,especially a part that you can see: a p art of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc 特点 n.18.planet=the world=earth/Earth=the globe19.unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it 地球n.remains to beseen无法预测的adj.20.machinery=machines,especially large ones=a system or s et of processes for doing something=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism机械n.21.ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim,that they hope to achieve in the future=fi nal最终的，根本的adj.。

1, stick to [stik] = abide by = be faithful to = obeyv.坚持;信守stickvi. 坚持；伸出；粘住2, alleviate[ə'li:vieit]= lessenvt. 减轻，缓和alleviate burden: 减负3, allocate ['æləukeit]= assign = distributevt. 分配；拨出；使坐落于vi. 分配；指定allocate funds: 融通资金|拨款|融嗵资金4, distribute[di'stribju:t] = allocatevt. 分配；散布；distribute using: 分布使用5, irritating['iriteitiŋ] = annoyingadj. 刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的irritating smoke: 刺激性烟气annoying =irritating: 使人厌烦的|讨厌的6, assert[ə'sə:t]= state firmly ['fə:mli]vt.坚持；断言；声称Assert Statements: 断言语句7, firmly['fə:mli] = stablyadv. 坚定地，坚决地；坚固地，稳固地8, postulate['pɔstjuleit, -tʃə-] = assumevt. 假定；additive postulate: 附加假设|附加假设9, at stake[steik] = in dangerad.在危险中10, lure[ljuə] = attractionn.吸引；诱惑例句: The price lured many buyers.这个价格吸引了许多买家。

11, authentically[ɔ'θentikəli]= genuinely ['dʒenjuinli] adv. 真正地，确实地；可靠地authentically genuinely: 真实/真正的|真正的12, genuinely['dʒenjuinli]= authentically [ɔ'θentikəli] adv. 真诚地；诚实地genuinely repenting: 真心悔改13, barren['bærən]= bareadj. 贫瘠的；无益的；空洞的barren rock: 废石|无油气的岩层|无矿岩14, prior to ['praiə]= beforeadj. 在先的，在前的；优先的adv. 在前，居先15, broaden['brɔ:dən]= widenvt. 使扩大；使变宽vi. 扩大，变阔；变宽，加宽widen =broaden: 变宽,加宽broaden sales: 扩大销路16, call off = cancel停止;取消；Call him off.: 让他放弃|让他收手17, call up= telephone打电话给；call up: 打电话|使人想起|召集call sb up: 给…打电话|打电话给某人|打电话，征召Just call me up: 就给我打个电话|你叫我|呼唤我18, cater for = meet满足；迎合；cater ['keitə]vt. 满足需要；投合，迎合；提供饮食及服务19, census['sensəs] = countn. 人口普查，人口调查vt. 实施统计调查Census Bureau: 美国人口普查局|人口普查局|统计局demographic census: 人口调查|人口普查20, inevitable [in'evitəbl]= certainadj. 必然的，不可避免的Inevitable Discovery: 必然发现21, convert[kən'və:t] = changev.兑换；使转变；转换…；变换例句:He changed a five-dollar bill for five single ones.I changed my dollars into francs.22, childish['tʃaildiʃ] = immatureadj. 幼稚的，孩子气的Childish Question: 幼稚的问题23, immature [,imə'tjuə] = childishadj. 不成熟的；未成熟的；粗糙的immature wine: 未成熟的葡萄酒24, porcelain['pɔ:səlin] = chinan. 瓷；瓷器adj. 瓷制的；精美的porcelain enamel: 搪瓷，瓷釉25, collaborating[kə'læbəreitiŋ] = cooperating v. 合作；协调collaborate=cooperatecollaborating style: 协作型作风26, cooperating[kəu'ɔpəreitiŋ] = collaborating v. 合作；促成cooperating trade: 协同贸易27, collide with[kə'laid] = run into碰撞,碰上shadows collide with people: 形影不离29, run into = collide with遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见run sb into difficulties: 使某人限于危难31, abrupt [ə'brʌpt] = suddenadj. 突然的；意外的32, compactly [kəm'pæktli] = densely ['densli] adv.紧密地；细密地；密集的densely leaved: 密叶的34, compel[kəm'pel] = forcevt. 强迫，迫使；强使发生Compel Service: 强制服务35, comprehend [,kɔmpri'hend] = understand vt. 理解；领会;包含；由…组成can comprehend: 容易集中注意力|推理|能理解36, complain[kəm'plein] = feel unhappyvt. 抱怨；控诉vi. 投诉；发牢骚；诉说complain of: 抱怨|抗议|诉苦37, conscientious[,kɔnʃi'enʃəs] = carefuladj. 小心谨慎的;认真的；尽责的；本着良心的；conscientious objaction: 良心的抗拒38, prior to ['praiə] = before在……之前；居先39, bearing ['bεəriŋ] = influencen.影响；方位；举止；40, forbid[fə'bid] = banvt. 禁止；妨碍，阻止forbid doing: 禁止干|禁止做…|禁止做某事41, attend to = wait on = look after照料；照顾；致力于42, at stake =in danger危如累卵；处于危险中；在紧要关头at stake: 在危险中;在危急关头43, assume[ə'sju:m, ə'su:m] = postulate ['pɔstjuleit] vt.假定；设想44, arouse[ə'rəuz] = excitevt. 激起；唤醒；刺激vi. 使激动to arouse: 引起|激发arouse excite: 唤起,唤醒|使激动45, argue['ɑɡju:] = contend = debatevt. 辩论，争论；证明；说服vi. 争论，辩论；提出理由argue about: 争论|议论某事|为……而争吵argue into: 劝使做某事|劝(某人)使做某事46, although[ɔ:l'ðəu] = while = althoconj. 虽然，尽管47, account for = explain对…做出解释；说明……的原因;对…负有责任；Account Manager for Sales: 客户经理48, consideration[kən,sidə'reiʃən] = accountn. 考虑；原因；关心；报酬valuable consideration: 有值代价49, acclaim[ə'kleim] = hailn. 欢呼，喝彩；称赞vt. 称赞；为…喝采，向…欢呼vi. 欢呼，喝采hail acclaim: 向…欢呼|拥戴、赞誉50, satisfactorily[,sætis'fæktərəli] = acceptably adv. 令人满意地perform satisfactorily: 有能力的:|表现令人满意的51, accelerate[ək'seləreit] = step upvt. 使……加快；使……增速vi. 加速；提高；增加accelerate delivery: 快递52, abide by = stick to [stik]坚持，遵循;遵守；信守；abide strictly by: 严格恪守abide by the law: 奉公守法53, a branch[brɑ:ntʃ] = a divisionn. 分支（机构）；分部；支流Branch Manager: 部门经理|分公司经理|分店经理54, confidential[,kɔnfi'denʃəl] = secretadj. 机密的；秘密的；获信任的confidential information: 保密情报|机密信息|机密资料55, consolidate [kən'sɔlideit] = strengthen vt. 巩固，使固定；联合vi. 巩固，加强consolidate reporting: 合并申报56, contaminate[kən'tæmi,neit] = pollutevt. 污染，弄脏contaminate stain: 染污57, continuously[kən'tinjuəsli] = steadily adv. 稳定地；连续不断地Learn Continuously: 不断学习|终生学习61, steadily['stedili ] = continuouslyadv. 稳定地；稳固地；持续地rise steadily: 持续增长58, conventional[kən'venʃənəl] = orthodox adj.传统的；常见的；惯例的conventional sign: 惯用符号|图例|沿用图例60, orthodox['ɔ:θədɔks] = conventionaladj.传统的；惯常的；正统的；Orthodox seeds:正常型种子59, duplicate['dju:plikət, 'dju:plikeit] = copy vt. 复制；使加倍n. 副本；复制品vi. 复制；[遗传]重复duplicate curves: 复制曲线62, coverage['kʌvəridʒ] = reportagen. 新闻报道；覆盖renewing coverage: 续保63, reportage [,repɔ:'tɑ:ʒ, ri'pɔ:tidʒ] = coverage n.报道，新闻报道coverage reportage: 新闻报道64, remedy['remidi] = curevt. 补救；治疗；纠正n. 补救；治疗；赔偿remedy diet: 疗效食品65, cultivate['kʌltiveit] = fostervt. 培养；陶冶；耕作cultivate creativity: 培养创造性cultivate talents: 培养人才66, foster['fɔstə] = cultivatevt. 培养；养育，抚育；抱（希望等）foster care: 抚养，养育，看护67, distress[di'stres] = danger = hazardn. 危难，不幸；贫困；悲痛vt. 使悲痛；使贫困distress: 悲痛|贫困|危难fetal distress: 胎儿窘迫|胎儿宫内窘迫|胎儿窘迫症distress system: 呼救系统|遇险系统68, hazard['hæzəd] = distress = dangern. 危险，冒险；冒险的事vt. 赌运气；冒…的危险，使遭受危险hazard: 危险|危害|冒险hazard to: 危险water hazard: 水障碍|积水处如小河.水潭69, fatal ['feitl] = deadly = lethal['li:θəl]adj. 致命的；致死的；fatal accident: 死亡事故|伤亡事故|致命事故70, lethal ['li:θəl] = fataladj. 致命的，致死的lethal concentration: 致死浓度|致命浓度lethal gene: 致死基因|致死因子71, deadly['dedli] = lethal = fataladj. 致命的；非常的；死一般的Deadly Strike: 最佳搏杀|致命一击|致命打击deadly embrace: 死锁|僵局72, deduce[di'dju:s] = derivevt. 推论，推断；演绎出deduce to: 传输到deduce from: 演绎，推断|推断|演绎,推理73, derive [di'raiv] = deducevt. 源于；得自；导出deduce derive: 推出,演绎74, deliberately[di'libərətli] = intentionally adv. 故意地；谨慎地；慎重地Living Deliberately: 故意生活76, intentionally[in'tenʃənli] = deliberately adv. 故意地，有意地intentionally facilitating: 蓄意便利Fouling intentionally: 故意犯规75, decent ['di:sənt] = honestadj. 正派的；得体的；相当好的decent presentable: 象样的77, demand[di'mɑ:nd, -'mænd] = insist onvt. 要求；需要；查询vi. 需要；请求；查问demand: 需求|要求|强求Independent Demand: 独立需求|獨立需求|独立需要market demand: 市场需求|市场需要|市场需求量78, insist on = demand坚持要，坚决要求；督促，强调insist (on/upon): 坚决主张|坚持认为|坚决要求79, rely on = depend on依靠，依赖You can rely on me: 你可以依赖我80, depict [di'pikt] = describevt. 描述；描绘depict as: 把...描写成81, deter[di'tə:] = inhibitvt. 制止，阻止；使打消念头deter corruption: 阻止贿选deter from: 使不做|阻止|使灰心82, inhibit[in'hibit] = detervt. 抑制；禁止code inhibit: 代码禁止83, dimly['dimli] = faintly = vaguely ['veigli] adv. 朦胧地；昏暗地；模糊地dimly vaguely: 依稀84, faintly['feintli] = dimlyadv. 微弱地；模糊地；虚弱地faintly bitter: 释义：微苦的85, vanish['væniʃ] = disappearvt. 使不见，使消失vi. 消失；突然不见；vanish away: 消失hard vanish: 硬漆86, talk over = discuss讨论；商量；说服talk things over: 协商talk sth over: 详细讨论，商量做某事87, draft[drɑ:ft, dræft] = formulatevt. 起草，设计；为...打样例句: He drafted his plans for the park.他给公园绘制了平面图。

h开头的考研单词单词：hazard1. 定义与释义1.1词性：名词、动词1.2释义：危险、危害；冒险尝试1.3英文解释：A danger or risk; to venture or take a risk.1.4相关词汇：同义词：danger、risk；派生词：hazardous（形容词）、hazardously（副词）---2. 起源与背景2.1词源：源于古法语“hasard”，其来源于阿拉伯语“al - zahr”（骰子），因为骰子的投掷结果具有不确定性，就像危险难以预测一样。

2.2趣闻：在古代，掷骰子游戏是一种带有风险的活动，可能会导致玩家失去财产等，所以这个词就与危险联系起来了。

---3. 常用搭配与短语3.1短语：（1）health hazard：健康危害例句：Smoking is a well - known health hazard.翻译：吸烟是众所周知的健康危害。

（2）hazard to：对……的危害例句：Pollution is a hazard to the environment.翻译：污染对环境是一种危害。

（3）fire hazard：火灾隐患例句：The old electrical wiring in the building is a fire hazard.翻译：大楼里旧的电线是火灾隐患。

---4. 实用片段（1）“Look at that old building. It's a real hazard. The walls seem like they could collapse at any moment.” John said worriedly. His friend replied, “Yes, it should be marked as a hazard area.”翻译：“看那栋旧建筑，真的很危险。

墙看起来随时可能倒塌。

”约翰担忧地说。

2020职称英语词汇H开头：hamper是什么意思及物动词：1. 妨碍，束缚，限制n.1.（有盖的）大篮子，（尤指用于盛食物的）带盖大篮子2.（作为礼品的）盒装食物，袋装食物3. 盛脏衣服的大篮子同义词：handicap，hinder；cramp，halter，strangle；bond，shackle，trammel。

单词分析：这些动词均含有“阻止、阻塞”之意。

block：语气强烈，指有效堵住了通道，使人或物无法通过。

bar：含义与block很接近，指阻塞通道或禁止出入，但有对暗示不用障碍物的阻止或禁止。

hinder：语气较轻，多指防碍、拖延人或事，强调使进展速度缓慢下来。

obstruct：正式用词，语气强，多指以干扰或设置障碍的方式防碍交通，使不能自由畅通。

prevent：含义广泛，指采取预防措施或设置障碍去阻止某人或某事。

hamper：侧重因受到约束或防碍而造成的行动困难。

英语句子To hamper the action or progress of; impede.牵制…的行动或进步；防碍A laundry hamper for dirty clothes.盛放脏衣服的洗衣篮。

This is a laundry hamper for dirty clothes.这是个盛放脏衣服的洗衣篮。

An obsolete ideology can hamper an economy.过时的意识形态会束缚经济。

Why do you want to go and hamper yourself with such a man?你为什么去受这样一个人拖累呢?英语解释put at a disadvantagea basket usually with a coverprevent the progress or free movement ofa restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)相似单词top-hamper n. 高处的重东西hamper v.[T] 1. 妨碍，束缚，限制 n. 1.（有盖的）大篮子，（尤指用于盛食物的）带盖大篮子 2.（作为礼品的）。

2020职称英语词汇H开头：hinder的中文翻译及物动词：防碍；妨碍；阻挡同义词：embarrass，block，blockade，obstruct，stymie，stymy；impede；hind，back；hamper，handicap。

单词分析：这些动词均含有“阻止、阻塞”之意。

block：语气强烈，指有效堵住了通道，使人或物无法通过。

bar：含义与block很接近，指阻塞通道或禁止出入，但有对暗示不用障碍物的阻止或禁止。

hinder：语气较轻，多指防碍、拖延人或事，强调使进展速度缓慢下来。

obstruct：正式用词，语气强，多指以干扰或设置障碍的方式防碍交通，使不能自由畅通。

prevent：含义广泛，指采取预防措施或设置障碍去阻止某人或某事。

hamper：侧重因受到约束或防碍而造成的行动困难。

英语句子To hinder,entrap,or entangle as if in mire.使受困扰使防碍、牵绊或纠缠如陷入泥沼一般。

production was hindered by lack of materials由於缺乏原料,生产陷於停顿Bad weather hindered the military operation.恶劣的天气妨碍了军事行动。

An overly high peso exchange rate stimulated imports, but hindered exports比索汇率过高，剌激了进口，而抑制了出口。

To hinder with obstacles or difficulties;impede.妨碍，防碍以问题或困难妨碍;防碍英语解释hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment ofbe a hindrance or obstacle tolocated at or near the back of an animalput at a disadvantage相似短语hinder from 防碍, 使不能hinder margin 后缘hinder and delay 【法】阻止和拖延相似单词hinderance n. 障碍；妨碍；妨害；防碍物hinder v.[T] 防碍；妨碍；阻挡hinderland 腹陆hindermost a. 最后面的hinderingly adv. 防碍地。

danger的同义词danger表危险; 危险物的意思，那么你知道danger的同义词有哪些吗?接下来小编为大家整理了danger的同义词，希望对你有帮助哦!danger的同义词辨析：danger, risk, hazard, menace, peril, threat这些名词均含有"危险，威胁"之意。

danger ：含义广，普通用词，指能够造成伤害、损害或不利的任何情况。

risk ：指有可能发生的危险，尤指主动进行某种活动或去碰运气而冒的危险。

hazard比risk正式，多指偶然发生的或无法控制的危险，常含较严重或有一定风险的意味。

menace ：所指的危险性最严重，表示使用暴力或造成破坏性的可能。

peril ：指迫在眉睫很有可能发生的严重危险。

threat ：普通用词，语气弱于menace，指任何公开侵犯对方的言行，给对方构成危险或威胁。

词组习语：in danger of1. 处于…危险之中这种动物濒临灭绝。

the animal is in danger of extinction.out of danger1. (重伤或重病者)脱离危险期danger的例句：1. Subconsciously I had known that I would not be in personal danger.我潜意识里已经知道我不会有人身危险。

2. The real danger is civil unrest in the east of the country.真正的危险是该国东部地区的民众动乱。

3. If there is a danger of famine, we should help.如果有可能出现饥荒，我们应该提供帮助。

4. There'sa danger of the government falling because it will lose its majority.政府将因失去其占多数的优势而有倒台的危险。

hazardous 翻译基本解释●hazardous：危险的，有害的●英音：/ˈhæzədəs/ 美音：/ˈhæzərdəs/●形容词(adj) 危险的，有害的具体用法●形容词(adj):o危险的，有害的o同义词：dangerous, risky, perilous, unsafe, treacherouso反义词：safe, secure, harmless, innocuous, benigno例句：●The chemical plant is located in a hazardous area, whichposes a significant risk to the nearby residents. (化工厂位于一个危险区域，对附近居民构成重大风险。

)●Working in a hazardous environment requires special trainingand protective equipment to ensure safety. (在危险环境中工作需要特殊培训和防护设备以确保安全。

)●The hazardous waste was improperly disposed of, leading tocontamination of the local water supply. (危险废物被不当处理，导致当地水源受到污染。

)●The journey through the hazardous mountain pass wasfraught with danger and required careful navigation. (穿越危险的山口的旅程充满了危险，需要小心导航。

)●The hazardous weather conditions forced the cancellation ofthe outdoor event to ensure everyone's safety. (危险的天气条件迫使取消户外活动以确保每个人的安全。