MPA英语课后练习词汇篇
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Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语词汇MBA英语词汇:O部分*object n.1.物体,实物 2.目的,目标 3.对象 4.宾语vi.反对,不赞成(to)objection n.反对,异议objective a.1.客观的,真实的 2.目标n.目标,目的obligation n.义务,责任obscure a.1.昏暗的;朦胧的 2.模糊的;难解的vt.1.使暗,遮掩 2.使难理解observation n.注意,观察;观察物observatory n.1.天文台 2.了望台observe vt.1.注意到,察觉到 2.观察 3.说 4.遵守,奉行obstacle n.障碍(物)obtain vt.获得,得到obvious a.显然的,明显的occasion n.1.时刻 2.场合,重大(或特殊)活动 3.时机,机会occasionally ad.偶尔地,间或occupation n.1.占领 2.占有 3.职业occupy vt.1.占用,占领 2.使忙碌,使从事occur vi.1.发生,出现 2.存在 3.被想起,被想到(to)occurrence n.1.发生,出现 2.发生的事情,事件*ocean n.海洋*o'clock ad.…点钟*October n.十月odd a.1.奇特的,古怪的 2.临时的,不固定的 3.单只的,不成对的 4.奇数的,单数的5.剩余的*of prep.1.(属于)…的 2.由…制成的,由…组成的 3.[具有某种性质] 4.含有…的 5.[表示方位、时间等的范围] 6.关于7.[表示同位] 8.[表示数量、种类] 9.[表示部分或全部] 10.由于,因为11.[表示免除、剥夺] 12.[表示动作的主体或对象]*off prep.从…离开,偏离ad.1.…掉,…下 2.离开 3.停止,中止 4.完,尽5.(减)掉,(扣)掉(消)除offend vt.1.冒犯,得罪 2.违反 3.使不舒服*offer vt.给予,提供;提出n.提议,提供(物)*office n.1.办公室,办事处 2.处,年,局 3.公职,官职*officer n.1.官员,高级职员 2.军官,警官*official n.官员,行政人员 a.官方的,官员的,正式的offspring n.1.子女;后代 2.(动物的)崽 3.(植物的)幼苗*often ad.常常,经常*oh int.啊,唉*oil n.1.油 2.石油,燃油vt.给…加油okay(O.K./OK) int.行,可以 a./ad.可以,不错,很好vt.批准,认可*old a.1.老的,年老的 2.古老的,陈旧的 3.…岁的,…久的omit vt.1.省略,删节 2.遗漏,疏忽*on prep.1.在…上 2.关于,论及 3.在…的时候,在…后立即 4.朝,向,针对5.凭,靠,根据 6.从事7.是…的成员ad.1.(安置)上,(连接)上 2.(进行)下去,(继续)下去*once ad.1.一次,一回 2.曾经,一度conj.一旦n.一次,一回*one num.一,一个pron.1.(其中)之一 2.[泛指]任何人,一个人n.[用于代替上下文中的名词或名词短语] a.(任何)一个的,某一个的,某一的,同一的*oneself pron.1.[反身代词]自己,自身2.亲自,本人ongoing a.进行中的,前进的*only ad.唯一的,仅有的conj.可是,只不过onto prep.到…上,向…之上*open vt.1.开,打开 2.开始,开设,开办vi.1.开,打开 2.开始,开门,开放a.1.开着的,开放的 2.坦率的,无偏见的 3.开旷的,开阔的opening a.开的,开始的n.1.开始,开端 2.口子,孔,洞 3.(职位的)空缺open-minded a.1.无偏见的 2.虚心的orera n.歌剧operate vi.1.运转,活动 2.动手术(on) vt.1.操作,操纵,进行 2.对…动手术*operation n.1.操作,运转 2.经营 3.手术 4.运算operator n.1.操作员 2.话务员,报务员*opinion n.意见,看法opportunity n.机会,时机oppose vt.1.反对,反抗 2.使相对,使对抗(…to)opposite prep./ad.在…对面 a.1.对面的 2. 相反的,对立的n.对立面,对立物opposition n.1.反对;反抗 2.对立;意见相反optimal a.最适宜的;最理想的optimistic a.乐观的optimum n.最佳状态,最佳条件 a.最佳的,最适宜的optional a.可任选的,非强制的*or conj.1.或者,或 2.即,或者说 3.否则,不然oral a.口头的,口的*orange n.橙,柑,橘orbit n.轨道v.绕(…的)轨道运行*order n.1.命令 2.订购,订货 3.次序,顺序 4.整齐,有条理 5.秩序,制度6.点(饭、菜) vt.1.命令2.订购,订货3.点(饭、菜)ordinarily ad.通常地,惯常地ordinary a.1.普通的 2.平凡的organ n.1.器官 2.风琴 3.机构organis(z)e vt.组织organism n.生物体,有机体organis(z)ation n.1.组织 2.团体,机构orientate v.1.使适应 2.给…定向,给…定方位origin n.1.起源,来源 2.血统,出身original a.1.起初的,原来的 2.独创的,新颖的n.1.原作,原物 2.原文originate vi.发源;源自vt.引起ornament n.1.装饰,点缀 2.装饰品v.装饰,美化*other a.1.其他的,另外的 2.其余的pron.另外的人(或物)*otherwise ad.1.否则,不然 2.除此以外,在其他方面 3.别样,以另外方式*ought aux.应当,应该(to+inf.)*our pron.[we的所有格]我们的*ours pron.[we的物主代词]我们的(所有物)*ourselves pron.1.[反身代词]我们自己 2.我们亲自*out ad.1.出,向外 2.不在,外出,在外 3.出现,问世 4.尽,完outcome n.1.结果,结局 2.出路,出口outer a.外部的outgrow(outgrew, outgrown) vt.长大(或发展)得使…不到适用;长得比…快(或大,高)outline n.轮廓,大纲,提纲vt.概括,提出要点outlook n.1.展望,前景 2.观点,见解output n.1.产量 2.输出outrage n.1.暴行;不法行为2.愤慨vt.1.对…施暴 2.激怒outset n.开始,开端*outside n.外面,外部,外表ad.在外面,向外面 a.外面的,外部的prep.在…的外面,向…的外面outstanding a.1.突出的,杰出的,显著的 2.尚未解决的outward a.向外的,外面的ad.[(-s)]向外*over prep.1.在…的上方,在…的上面 2.关于,在…方面 3.越过,从一边到另一边 4.高于,超过 5.遍布在…上面,遍经 6.在…期间ad.1.从一边到另一边2.倒下,翻转 3.全部,从头至尾 4.再一次 5.过分地 a.结束的,完了的overall a.综合的,全面的,全部的overcome(overcame, overcome) vt.战胜,克服overlook vt.1.俯瞰,眺望 2.检查,监督 3.看漏,忽略overnight ad.一夜之间,短时间内,突然oversea(s) ad.在(或向)海外,在(或向)国外 a.(在)海外的,(在)国外的overtake(overtook, overtaken) vt.超过,赶上overturn vt./n.1.打翻;使翻过来 2.推翻;颠覆;毁灭vi.翻身;倒下overwhelming a.压倒之势的owe vt.1.欠(债等),应该向(某人)付出 2.应该把…归功于(…to)owl n.猫头鹰*own a.自己的vt.拥有,有*owner n.物主,所有者ox([复]oxen) n.牛oxygen n.氧气MBA英语词汇:P部分pace n.1.(一)步 2.步速,速度,节奏vi.1.踱步 2.用步量Pacific a.太平洋的n.太平洋pack vt.1.捆扎,把…打包 2.使…挤在一起,塞满n.包,小盒package n. 1.包裹,包 2.一揽子交易(或计划,建议等)packet n. 小包,小盒vt.打包,装行李;包装*page n. 页,张*pain n.1.痛,疼痛 2.痛苦,悲痛 3.辛苦,苦心painful a.1.痛苦的 2.费力的painstaking a.苦干的;费力的paint vt.1.画,绘 2.涂油漆;着色n.油漆;颜料painting n.1.(一幅)画 2.绘画,绘画艺术 3.(上)油漆*pair n. 1.一双,一队,一副 2.一对夫妇,一对情侣v. (使)成队,(使)配队*palace n.王宫,宫殿*pale a.1.苍白的,灰白的;2.浅色的,浅的palm n.手掌panel n.专门小组panic(panicked,panicking) vi.恐慌,惊慌n.恐慌,惊慌 a.恐慌的,慌乱的*paper n. 1.纸 2.报纸 3.文件 4.文章,论文 5.书面作业,试卷vi. 用墙纸裱糊paradox 1.似非而可能是的论点 2.自相矛盾的话paragraph n.(文章的)段落,节parallel n.1.可相比拟的事物,相似处 2.平行线,平行面 a.1.类似的,相对应的2.平行的 3.并列的,并联的paralys(z)e vt.1.使麻痹;使瘫痪 2.使无力;使气馁parcel n.小包,包裹pardon n.饶恕,原谅,对不起vt.饶恕,原谅,赦免*parent n. 父亲,母亲,家长*park n.公园v. 停放(车辆等)parliament n. 1.议会,国会 2.[ P ](英国或加拿大等的)议会parrot n.鹦鹉*part n.1.一部分,部分 2.零件 3.角色,份儿,作用 4.(争论,交易等中的)一方partial a.1.偏袒的,偏心的,对…偏袒(to) 2.部分的,不完全的participant n.参加者 a.参与的participate vi.参与,参加*particular a.1.特定的,某一的 2.特殊的,特别的n. [复] 详情,细节particularly ad. 特别,尤其partly ad.部分地,在一定程度上partner n. 1.配偶 2.搭档,伙伴,合伙人*party n. 1.党,政党 2.社交集会 3.一方,当事人*pass vt.1.经过,超过,穿过 2.传递,传送 3.度过 4.通过考试检查等,批准vi. 1.向前行进,经过 2.转移,传,转变 3.(时间)流逝,终止,消失 4.通过考试,被批准*passage n. 1.通行证 2.通道,出口*passenger n. 乘客,旅客passion n.1.激情,热情 2.酷爱passive a. 1.被动的 2.消极的passport n.护照*past prep. 经过,超过,过n.过去,昔时,往事 a.以前的,过去的pat vt./n. 轻拍,轻打*path n. 1.小路,小径 2.路线,途径*patient a.忍耐的,有耐心的n. 病人pattern n.1.型,模式,样式 2.花样,图案pause vi./n.暂停,中止*pay(paid) vt.1.付给钱,支付,交纳 2.给予(注意等),致以问侯,进行访问vi.付款,付出代价n.工资,薪金payment n.1.支付,付款 2.支付的款项*peace n.1.平静,安宁 2.和平,和睦peaceful a.1.平静的,安宁的 2.和平的;和平方式的peak n.1.山峰 2.顶点pear n.梨peculiar a. 1.特殊的,独特的 2.奇怪的,古怪的*pen n. 钢笔,圆珠笔*pencil n.铅笔penetrate v. 1.透入,渗入,浸入 2.刺入,刺穿*penny n.便士,分*people n. 1.人,人们 2.人民,民众 3.一国人民,民族per prep.每,每一perceive vt. 1.察觉,感知 2.认识到,意识到,理解*percent n.百分之一*perfect a. 1.完美的,完满的 2.完全的,十足的vt. 使完善,改善perform v. 1.做,履行 2.演出,表演performance n. 1.执行,完成 2.表现,工作性能 3.演出,演奏*perhaps ad. 或许,大概,可能*period n. 1.(一段)时间,时期,时代 2.学时,课时 3.句号,句点periodic a. 周期性的permanent a.永久(性)的,固定的permissible a.容许的;准许的permissive a. 1.容许的,许可的 2.随意的,开放的*permit v. 允许,许可,准许n. 许可证,执照persist vi. 1.坚持不懈,执意(in) 2.持续,存留*person n. 1.人 2.身体personal a. 1.个人的,私人的 2.亲自的personality n. 个性,人格,品格personally ad. 1.亲自,当面 2.就个人而言 3.作为个人,个别地personnel n.1.[集合名词]全体人员,全体职员 2.人事(部门)perspective n.1.透视;透视画法 2.远景,展望 3.观点,看法persuade vt. 1.说服,劝服 2.使相信pervasive a.弥漫的,渗透的;遍布的pet n.宠物,爱畜 a.宠爱的,表示亲昵的petrol n. 汽油phase n. 1.阶段,时期 2.面,方面 3.相,相位phenomenon([复]phenomena) n.现象,迹象philosopher n. 哲学家,哲人philosophy n. 1.哲学 2.人生哲学,见解,观点phone n. 1.电话 2.电话机 3.听筒,耳机v. 打电话(给)*photo n. 照片,相片photocopy vt./n. 复印,影印*photograph n. 照片,相片phrase n. 1.短语,词语 2.习惯用语physical a.1.身体的,肉体的 2.物理的,物理学的 3.物质的,有形的physically ad.1.身体上 2.实际上,真正地 3.按自然规律*physics n. 物理,物理学physiological a. 生理的,生理学的physiology n. 生理学*piano n.钢琴*pick v. 1.挑选,选择 2.采摘*picture n. 1.画,图片,照片 2.影片,电影 3.美景,景色vt. 描绘,想象pie n. 馅饼*piece n. 1.片,块,段,件 2.断片,碎块vt. 拼合,缝合*pig n. 猪*pile n. 一堆,一叠v. (把…)堆积pill n. 药丸pilot n. 1.飞行员2.引航员vt. 1.驾驶(飞机等) 2.为(船舶)引航 3.试用,试验a. 试验性的,试点的pin n. 1.大头针 2.别针 3.木(金属)钉,栓,销vt. 1.(用大头针等)别住,钉住2.固定住pink a. 粉红色的,桃红色的n. 粉红色,桃红色*pioneer n. 1.先驱者,创始人 2.开拓者,开发者vt. 开拓,开创pipe n. 1.管子,导管 2.烟斗vt. 用管道输送*pity n. 1.同情,怜悯,可怜 2.可惜,遗憾vt. 同情,怜悯*place n.1.地方,地点,场所 2.住所,寓所3.职位,职务 4.地位,等级,名次vt. 1.放置,安置,安排 2.安插,任命 3.发出(订单等) *plain n. 平原 a. 1.朴素的,简单的,平常的 2.清晰的,明白的*plan n. 1.计划,打算 2.平面图,示意图vt. 计划,给…制订计划vi. 订计划*plane n. 1.飞机 2.平面planet n.行星*plant n. 1.植物 2.工厂vt. 种植,播种plantation n. 1.种植园,大农场 2.植树造林plastic n.[常复] 塑料,塑料制品 a. 塑料(制)的,可塑的*plate n.1.盆子,盘子 2.平板,薄板vt. 覆镀,镀上platform n.1.台,平台,讲台 2.站台,月台*play v.1.玩,参加(比赛) 2.演奏 3.扮演,演出n.1.游戏,比赛 2.剧本,戏剧plea n.1.请求;恳求 2.托词*pleasant a. 令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的*please ad. 请vt. 使高兴,使满意,合…的心意*pleasure n. 1.高兴,愉快,满足 2.令人高兴的事物,乐趣pledge vt. 发誓;保证n. 1.誓言;誓约 2.保证物;抵押品*plenty n. 丰富,充足,大量*plough n. 犁v.犁,耕*plow (见plough)plus prep. 加,加上 a.1.正的 2.附加的*pocket n. 衣袋,小袋 a. 袖珍的,小型的vt. 把…装入袋内poem n. 诗poet n. 诗人*point n.1.要点,论点,观点 2.尖,尖端 3.点,小数点 4.条款,细目 5.分数,得分vi. 指,指向,表明(at,to)poison n. 毒药,毒物vt. 使…中毒,毒害poisonous a. 有毒的polar a.1.南极的,北极的 2.两种相反性质的;两个相反方向的*pole n. 1.柱,杆 2.地极,磁极,电极*police n. 1.(the)警察部门,警方 2.警察*policeman n. 警察policy n. 1.方针,政策 2.保险契约,保险单polish n.擦光剂,上光蜡vt. 1.磨光,擦亮 2.使优美,润饰*polite a. 1.有礼貌的,客气的 2.有教养的,文雅的*political a. 政治的*politics n.1.政治,政治学2.政纲,政见poll n. 1.选举,投票 2.民意测验vt. 1.得到选票 2.对…进行民事测验vi. 投票pollution n. 污染pond n. 池塘*pool n. 1.水池 2.(液体等的)一滩,一片 3.共用物,共用人员vt. 把…集中在一起,共用poor a. 1.贫困的,穷的 2.可怜的 3.贫乏的 4.贫瘠的pop n. 流行音乐popular a. 流行的,通俗的,大众的,受欢迎的popularity n. 1.普及,流行 2.名望,受欢迎*population n. 人口pork n. 猪肉port n. 港portion n.一部分,一份portray vt. 描绘;描写;描述*position n. 1.位置2.职位,职务 3.姿势,姿态4.立场,见解positive a. 1.明确的,确实的 2.积极的,肯定的 3.正的,阳性的possess vt. 具有,拥有possession n.1.有,拥有 2.[常复]占有物;财产possibility n. 可能(性),可能的事*possible a.可能的,做得到的*possibly ad.也许,可能*post n. 邮政,邮件vt. 投寄,邮寄postage n.邮费,邮资postgraduate a.大学毕业后的,大学研究院的n.研究生postpone vt. 推迟,延期*pot n. 罐,壶*potato[复-es] n.马铃薯potential a. 潜在的,可能的n. 潜力,潜能*pound n. 1.磅 2.英镑*pour vt. 灌,倒,注vi. 倾泻,流出poverty n. 1.贫穷,贫困 2.贫乏powder n. 1.粉末,药粉 2.火药,炸药*power n. 1.权力,势力,政权 2.力,能力 3.功率,动力,电力 4.幂,乘方*powerful a. 强大的;有利的;有权的practical a.实际的,实用的practically ad.1.几乎,简直 2.实际上practice n.1.练习,实习 2.实践,实际 3.业务*practic(s)e vt.1.练习,实习,训练 2.从事(职业) 3.执行vi. 1.练习 2.开业*praise v.赞扬,表扬n. 1.称赞,表扬 2.赞美的话precede vt. 先于…,比…优先vi. 在前面,居前,领先precedent n.先例,前例precious a. 珍贵的,贵重的precise a.精确的,准确的predict v.预言;预示prediction n.1.预言;预告 2.(气象等的)预报prefer vt.更喜欢,宁愿(宾语后接介词to 或动词不定式)preference n.1.偏爱(for,to) 2.优先(权)pregnant a怀孕的,妊娠的preliminary a. 预备的;初步的n. 初试;预赛preparation n.1.准备,预备(“为…作准备”接for,“为防止…作准备”接against,接of则表示准备的对象。
Unit 1 Opening Administration to the Public市政府municipal government采纳adopt出席be present行政事务administrative affairs人民代表大会the people’s congress中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference 民主党派democratic party工商联合会the Association of Industry and Commerce县级以上政府government at or above county level财政预算financial budget福利待遇welfare treatment招、投标bidding官员任命appointment of officials劳模model workers调动transfer机构改革institutional reform官员自律self-discipline of officials义务、责任obligation中国入世China’s entry into the WTO政府职能转换transformation of government functions经济增长economic growth处理相关事务handle related affairs红头文件red-title documents律师lawyer会计师accountant下岗工人laid-offs相关程序relevant procedures市政建设municipal construction效率efficiency监督supervision反馈feedback处罚penalty调查survey多功能服务系统multi-functional service system人口稠密社区densely populated community透明度transparency办公自动化office automation城市总体规划the overall city planning决策部门decision-making departmentUnit 2 Why Public Management Reform?公共开支public expenditure产生generate监督成本monitoring costs均衡equilibrium现状status quoUnit 3 Reform of the Administration and Local Public Services: Introduction decentralization 分权化centralization 集权化liberalization 自由化devolution权力下放regional authorities 地方当局integration一体化instability 不稳定local tax revenue 地方税收municipal 市政的private enterprise 私营企业democracy 民主local autonomy地方自治conventional practice 传统做法public sector公共部门privatization私有化governance治理empowerment放权augment扩大、增加、增长accountability负责任Unit 4 State and MarketI. Words and expressionsMacroeconomic宏观经济的Microeconomic微观经济的Judicial司法的;法院的new entry 初入,新进入entrepreneur 企业家gross national income(GNI) 国民收入总值per capita人均per capita gross national income: gross national product divided by the number of people living in the country.gross national product(GNP)国民生产总值: the total value of goods and services produced in a country’s economy, including income from abroad.gross domestic product(GDP)国内生产总值: the total value of goods and services produced in a country’s economy, not including income from abroad.rating 考核、定级levy 征收incentive 刺激、鼓励marginal tax rate边际税率: the amount by which tax revenue increase per unit increase invalue in a taxed activity.Distance education远程教育monopoly垄断generate 产生;导致access to接近;进入;接近(进入)的方法(权利、机会等)dramatically 大幅度地account for说明(原因等)impose on 强加meet the requirement/ the need/ the demand…on average 平均enhance提高、增加、增强stagnant停滞的、不流动的;萧条的、不景气的vibrant活跃的、充满活力的present:a.1)existing or happening now 现在的、目前的e.g.The present situation is quite unfavourable to us.2)at an event, or in a place 出席的、在场的e.g.When it happened, I was not presentn.1)gift 礼物e.g.The boy was asked to wait for a present.2)the period of time时间段e.g.We must learn to live in the presentv.1)give sb. sth. formally or officially 赠送、呈献e.g.John was the guest of honour and presented the awards.2)offer sth for people to consider or judge递交、呈递e.g.The commission presented its report in April.3)show sb.or sth. in a particular way so that people have a particular opinion about them 上演e.g.The film presents a disturbing image of youth culture.take over: He took over the company at the death of his father.take in: It’s easy for children to take in milk.This shirt is too long for me, please take it in.Why is it so easy for people to be taken in?take to: He took to the girl/ smoking when he was only sixteen.take up: He took up stamp-collecting as his hobby.Reading takes up 20 percent of his time at home at night.be critical to 关键的comparable/ comparativeensure: We can ensure that the project will be finished in time.insure sth. against sth.: You can insure your house against fire.assure sb. of sth: I can assure you of the security of the information.take responsibility forUnit 6 Developing and Designing Performance Management Performance绩效Effectiveness有效Efficiency有效Morale士气Forge打造Integrative整合的,整体的Holistic总体的,全部的Intent 意图,目的Bring sth. into line with sth. else使协调起来,使一致Unitarist一元论Be at odds with与有争执;与不一致Accommodate使适应;容纳,接纳Plurality众多,许多Deficient缺乏的,不足的Predominant占优势;主要的,突出的In essence实质上Appraisal评估Be mindful of留心,注意,不忘记Implementation贯彻,履行Be consistent with 与一致Stance姿态,态度Allow for考虑到Incorporate结合;体现Encompass围绕,包围;包含Infuse向……注入,向……灌输;泡制,浸渍Implicit含蓄的;内含的,固有的Intensive加强的,集中的;深入细致的Articulate能说话的,表达地清楚有力At large未被捕,逍遥自在;详尽地;普遍的,一般的,代表整个的Unit 8 The Economic Perspective for the People’s republic of China disparity 不一致,不同coastal 沿海的interior内陆的financial sector 经济部门surge 汹涌澎湃,冲浪buoyant有浮力的,轻快的fixed asset investment 固定资产投资housing mortgage loan住宅抵押贷款western region development strategy西部开发战略disposable income 可分配收入,税后收入trigger 激发,引起ameliorate 改善,改进,改良consecutive 连续的integrated一体化的,完整的jurisdiction 权限procurement 获得the general tariff level关税总水平rebate 回扣,折扣aggravate deflationary pressure加重通货紧缩压力fiscal stimulus 财政激励constrain抑制contemplate 期待,反复打算bailout应急贷款,紧急援助fledge缺乏经验的,初出茅庐的tapers逐渐减少,逐渐停止offset抵消momentum力量,动量,势头project 规划,设计excess capacity产能过量entrant进入者,新加入者resource-extensive 资源粗放型labour-intensive劳动密集型honoring contracts执行合同auditing standard 审计准则,审计标准disclosure揭发address提到,提出degradation品质下降pro-亲exacerbate 加剧vulnerability易受攻击,脆弱institute 实行,建立,开始,创立regulatory规章制度conform to使一致,使符合resilient有弹性的regime政体,政治,统治Unit 9 China seeks Peaceful Growth Holistically全面地shake off摆脱multiplication scenario乘法情境negligible微不足道的mega大的(兆)provoking使人烦恼的abundant丰富的,充裕的magnitude大cohesion粘着力,结合slacken放松,松懈make further strides更进一步blaze用光照耀detach from分开,分离foster养育,促进initiative首创精神,积极性,主动usher引领wrestle斗争,搏斗weigh up估量tap开发hefty异常大的bring into play发挥adhere to坚持hegemony霸主contend for竞争,斗争testify证明,证实strive for努力,奋斗,力求unswerving直的,不偏离的draw on利用Unit 10 The Largest Recipient of Foreign Capital conglomerate联合大企业stipulation条款,项目franchise特许overhaul详细检查sluggish缓慢的hamper妨碍,阻碍given假设disposal income税后收入。
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unique unity universal upseturgeutilize vacant vacation vaguevainvaluable value vanish variation vary vehicle verify versionvia vibrate view viewpoint vigorous violate violence virtual virtue visible visual vivid volume voluntary vote waken wander ward warn welfare widespread willingness withdraw withstandworkforce worldwide worth worthwhile worthy wreckMBA MPA MPAcc词汇800词vt. 遗弃;放弃vt. 吸引…的注意n. 接近(或进入,享用)的机会 || vt. 存取(计算机文件)n. [pl] 住处,膳宿vt. 陪伴;为…伴奏(或伴唱)vt. 达到,完成,实现(计划,诺言等)n. 一致;谅解 ||vi. (with) 相符合 ||vt. 给予n. 记述;帐户;解释 ||vi.(for) 说明…的原因vt. 堆积 ||vi. 累积vt. 指控vt. 完成,实现,达到 ||vi. 成功vt. 承认…的权威(或主张);确认;报偿vt.(with) 使认识,使了解,使熟悉vt. 取得;学到vt. 使适应;修改 ||vi.(to) 适应a. 充足的;胜任的 [ˈædɪkwɪt]vt. 校正;调节 ||vi.(to) 适应n. 准许进入;入场券;承认vt. 收养;采取;批准n. 优点;利益a. 可取的,明智的vt. 拥护 ||n. 拥护者;律师 [ˈædvəˈket]v. 影响n. 喜爱vt. 负担得起;提供a. 侵犯的;有进取心得n. 津贴,补贴,零用钱v. 改变n. 抱负,野心;企望得到的东西n. 周年纪念(日)a. 每年的 ||n. 年报,年刊,年鉴;一年生的植物vt. 预期;提前使用n. 焦虑;渴望ad. [空间、时间方面]成距离;分离 ||a. 分离的n. 道歉vt. 任命;约定vt. 重视;为…表示感激;(充分)意识到 ||vi. 增值v. 靠近 ||n. 靠近;途径;方式a. 适当的 ||vt. 私占;拨出…供专用vt. 赞成;批准 ||vi.(of) 赞成vt. 产生,出现;(from)(由…)引起;起身vt. 引起,唤醒a. 人工的;假的n. 方面;(建筑物的)朝向;面貌vt. 肯定地说,断言;维护,坚持 [əˈsɚt]vt. 对…进行估价;评价,评论 [əˈsɛs]vt. 指派;指定(时间、地点等);分配n. 帮助n. 假定;承担vt. 使确信;确保vt.达到,获得n./vt.尝试n.吸引力;具有吸引力的人或事物vt.(to)把…归因于 || n.属性a.现成可使用的;可取得联系的a.平均的;平常的 || n.平均数,平均 || v.平均vt.授予;裁定 || n.奖,奖品,奖金a.意识到n.平衡;天平;结存 || vt.使平衡;称;权衡n.特价商品;(买卖等双方的)协议 || vi.讨价还价n.栅栏;障碍;屏障vi.表现,举止端庄n.信任;信念a.有益的n.益处;救济金,保险金 || vt.有益于 || vi.得益n.(营业等的)激增;隆隆声 || vi.激增;发出隆隆声vt.提高;推动;替…作广告 || n.提高;推动a.一定的;受约束的;(for, to)准备到…去的n.突破,突破性进展,重要新发现n.种,品种 || vi.繁殖 || vt.饲养;养育;酿成n.预算,预算拨款 || vi.(for)编预算 || vt.规划n.重担;使重负 || vt.加重压于,烦恼;负重vt.取消;抵消;删去n.容量;才能;身份,职位vt.证明;发证书(或执照)给n.艰巨的任务;怀疑;挑战 || vt.反对;向…挑战n.环境;境况[ˈsɚkəmˈstæns]vt.声称;对…提出要求;需要 || n.要求,认领,索赔vt.澄清,阐明 [ˈklærəˈfaɪ]n.线索vi. / n.倒坍;崩溃[kəˈlæps]n.碰撞;冲突n.评论;闲话 || vt.评论n.承诺;信奉,献身;承担的义务 [kəˈmɪtmənt]n.同伴,伴侣[kəmˈpænjən]a.(with, to)可比较的;比得上的a.比较的vt.(to, with)比较;(to)把…比作 || vi.相比vt.强迫[kəmˈpɛl]a.有能力的 [ˈkɑmpɪtənt]a.竞争的;好竞争的;(价格等)有竞争力的 [kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv] a.广泛的,综合的vt.包含;构成vt.隐藏vt.承认;(在结果确定前)承认失败;允许 || vi.让步n.关切的事;关心;关系;公司 || vt.涉及;使关心prep.关于n.让步;特许,特许权;承认vt.推断出;结束 || vi.结束;终了v.(使)冷凝;浓缩;简缩v.坦白;承认a.确信的;自信的vt.限制;使不外出 || n.界限vt.证实,肯定;进一步确定,确认;批准n.冲突;战斗 || vi.冲突vt.迎面遇到;勇敢地面对;使对质vt.使困惑;混淆;混乱n.良心 [ˈkɑn ʃəns]a.自觉的;神志清醒的;有意的 [ˈkɑn ʃəs]n.准许 || vi.(to)准许n.结果;重要(性),重大ad.所以,因此n.保存,(对自然资源的)保护,避免浪费 [ˈkɑns ɚˈve ʃən]a.保守的;(式样等)不时新的 || n.保守的人a.相当大(或多)的a.体贴的a.坚持的;一致的vt.组成;设立,任命vt.使缩紧,使收缩,压缩;构筑;建造,建设vt.请教;查阅 || vi.交换意见n.接触 || vt.与…取得联系 [ˈk ɑn ˈtækt]a.当代的,同时代的 || n.同代人,当代人n.(书等的)内容 || a.满意的 || vt.使满意n.竞赛;争夺 || vt.争夺;对…提出质疑n.背景;语境a.不见断的;多次重复的 [k ən ˈt ɪnju əl]n.合同 || vt.感染(疾病),染上(恶习)n.矛盾;否认,反驳a.(to)相反的 || n.[-the]相反 [ˈkɑn ˈtr ɛri]n.对比 || vt.对比 || vi.(with)形成对比 [ˈk ɑ:ntræst] vi.捐款;(to)有助于;投稿 || vt.捐,捐献 [k ən ˈtr ɪbjut]n.争论n.习俗;公约;(正式)会议v.(使)转变;(使)改变信仰(或态度等)vt.表达;运送vt.使确信vt.调节 || n.坐标 || a.同等的 [ko'ɔrd əˈnet]vi.(with)相符合;(to)相当;通信 [ˈk ɔr ɪˈspɑnd, ˈkɑr-]n.委员会,理事会 [ˈka ʊns əl]n.律师,法律顾问;忠告 || vt.劝告 [ˈka ʊns əl]n.课程;过程;行动方针;路线;(一)道(菜)n.信贷;赞扬,功劳;学分;信任 || vt.信任;(to)把…归于.a.决定性的;批评的 [ˈkr ɪt ɪk əl]n..至关重要的 [ˈkru ʃəl]vt.压碎,弄皱;镇压n.暗示,信号;提示 || vt.提示vt.耕作,养殖;培养,发展n.好奇(心);奇物,奇事,古玩n.最后期限n. / v.辩论vi.腐烂;衰败 || n.腐烂;衰败(或衰退)状态vt.欺骗a.像样的;宽厚的;得体的n.宣布;宣言;申报 [ˈd ɛkləˈre ʃən] n.下降,衰退 || vi.下降;衰退;谢绝 || vt.谢绝vt.击败;挫败 || n.战败;击败n.缺点 || vi.变节vt.给…下定义,解释;限定a.明确的;一定的 [ˈd ɛf ən ɪt]vt.删除 [di ˈlit]a.故意的;慎重的 || v.仔细考虑 [d ɪˈl ɪb ər ɪt]a.易碎的;棘手的;娇弱的;精美的 [ˈd ɛl ɪk ɪt] vt.投递;发表;给(产妇)接生;给予(打击等);解救vt.论证;说明 || vi.举行示威游行(或集会) [ˈdɛmənˈstret]vt.否认;拒绝给予vi.离开;(from)背离a.(on, upon)依靠的;取决于…的n.定金;存款;沉积物,矿藏 || vt.使沉淀;存放;储蓄 [dɪˈpɑzɪt] vt.使沮丧;削弱;按下n.抑郁;不景气;洼地vt.取得;追溯…的起源(或来由) || vi.(from)起源 [dɪˈraɪv]vi.下来;(from)起源(于);(on)袭击;(to)把身份降至vt.应受a.值得想望的;可取的 [dɪˈzaɪrəbəl]n.绝望;使人绝望的人(或事物) || vi.(of)绝望 [dɪˈspɛr]a.不顾一切的;极想望的;绝望的n.破坏,消灭vt.发明,策划vt.(to)把…专用(于);将…奉献给vt.丢弃vt.解雇;排出;卸(货)|| vi.放电 || n.获准离开;放电n.纪律;训练;惩罚;学科 || vt.训练;惩罚 [ˈdɪsəplɪn]n.(价格、债款等)折扣 || vt.把…打折扣vt.假扮;伪装;掩盖 || n.用来伪装的东西(或行动);假装 [dɪsˈɡaɪz] n.厌恶 || vt.使厌恶vt.排列;使倾向于 || vi.(of)去掉;处理n.争论 || vt.对…表示异议 || vi.争论vi.溶解;消失,减弱 || vt.使溶解;解散,结束a.有区别的;清楚的;明确的 [dɪˈstɪŋkt]vt.转移(注意力),使分心 [dɪˈstrækt]n.痛苦;贫困;危难 || vt.使痛苦vt.打扰;使不安;弄乱a.不同的;多种多样的n. / vt.用文件(或文献)等证明,记载a.本国的;家(庭)的;驯养的 [dəˈmɛstɪk]a.占优势的;居高临下的 [ˈdɑmənənt]vt.支配;俯视 || vi.处于支配地位n.捐款;捐赠vt.下载(计算机用语)vt.排走;渐渐耗尽 || vi.慢慢流掉 || n.耗竭;排水沟 [dren]a.耐用的 [ˈdʊrəbəl, ˈdjʊr-]n.持续,持续期间n.容易,悠闲 || v.缓和 [iz]a.优美的;简练的 [ˈɛlɪɡənt]vt.排除;淘汰 [ɪˈlɪməˈnet]vt.使窘迫vt.拥抱;包括;包围 || n.拥抱vi.(from)浮现;(问题等)发生 [ɪˈmɚdʒ]n.紧急情况vi移居国外(或外地). [ˈɛmɪˈɡret]vt.发出(光、热、声音等),射出 [ɪˈmɪt]vt.使能够vt.围住;把…装入信封,附入 [ɛnˈkloz]vt. / n.遇到 [ɛnˈkaʊntɚ]vt.忍受 || vi.忍受;持久 [ɛnˈdʊr, -ˈdjʊr]vt.实施;强迫vt.占用(时间、精力等);使从事;使订婚 || vi.(in)参加 [ɪn'ɡeɪdʒ] vt.提高,增加v.扩大vt.启发,开导 [ɪn'laɪtn]vt.充实,使丰富;使富裕,使富有vi.(in, on)入学,加入 || vt.招收,吸收 [ɪn'rəʊl]vt.给…权利;给(书、文章等)题名 [ɪn'taɪtl]vt.参赛的人(或物);入口处,门厅,河口;登记n.(一连串事件中的)一个事件;片断,连续剧的一集 ['epɪsəʊd] a.相等的 || n.相等物 [ɪˈkwɪvələnt]a.竖直的 || vt.建造;竖立a.必不可少的;本质的 || n.要素;必需品n.估计;评价 || vt.估计a.永久的,永世的;无休止的;永恒的,永不改变的 [ɪˈtɚnəl] vt.评估 [ɪˈvæljuˈet]n.根据v.(使)演变,(使)发展 [ɪˈvɑlv]v.夸大[ɪgˈzædʒəreɪt]vt.超过,越出n.过量;超越 || a.过量的,额外的,附加的a.奢华的;独有的;(of)不包括…的 || n.独家新闻 [ɪkˈsklusɪv] vt.处死;实施 [ˈɛksɪˈkjut]n.主管;(政府的)行政部门 || a.执行的,行政的vt.用(力);运用 [ɪɡˈzɚt]n.期待;前程[ˈekspekˈteɪʃn]n.价钱;开支;业务费用vt.剥削;利用,开发 || n.业绩,功绩 [ɪkˈsplɔɪt]v.勘探;仔细查阅,探索v.暴露;曝光;揭露n.暴露;曝光;揭发[ɪkˈspoʒɚ]vt.延伸;扩展;提供 || vi.伸展;(在范围或应用上)达到n.程度;广度,宽度,大小n.外部,外表 || a.外部的 [ɪkˈstɪriɚ]a.外部的 [ɪkˈstɚnəl]n.目击证人n.设备,便利 [fəˈsɪlɪti]n.能力;系,学科,学院;全体教员 [ˈfækəlti]vi.褪去;逐渐消失;凋谢 ||vt.使褪色a.隐约的;无力的;凋谢 || vi.昏厥 || n.昏厥 [fent]a.极好的;极大的;奇异的a.迷人的a.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的n.疲劳 || v.(使)疲劳a.有错误的a.有错误的,有缺点的a.可行的,可用的n.特征;面貌;专题节目;故事片 || vt.突出,由……主演n.反馈,反馈信息a.凶猛的;狂热的n.财政,金融;财源,资金 || vt.为……提供资金vt.闪光;飞驰;闪耀 || n.闪光;闪光灯vi.逃走 || vt.逃离,逃避a.易弯曲的;灵活的vi.茂盛,繁荣 || vt.挥动(以引起注意)v.(on)(使)聚焦 || n.焦点,(注意,活动等的)中心vt.不许vt.伪造(货币,文件等);锻造a.健忘的,不留心的n.小部分;分数n.次数;经常发生vt.使沮丧;挫败a.基本的 || n.基本原则vt.布置,为……配备家具;供应n.缺口;间隔;差距v. /n. 凝视n.齿轮,(排)档 || vt.使适应,使适合vt.产生(光,热,电等);引起a.真的,真诚的n.姿势;(人际交往时做出的)姿态 || v.做手势(表示)vi. /n.扫视vi.(at) 怒目而视;发射强光 || n.强光;怒视;炫耀;闪耀vt. / n. 一瞥n.拨款,授予物 || vt.授予n.悲伤,悲痛;悲伤的事,悲痛的缘由a.总的;严重的;粗俗的;臃肿的 || vt.获得……的总收入(或毛利)vt.保证 || n.保证书n.指引,领导n.指导方针a.内疚的;有罪的a.方便的;手边的;手巧的n.海港 || vt.庇护;心怀(怨恨等)n.和谐a.严厉的;毛糙的n.危险,公害 || vt.尝试着做(或提出);冒风险n.标题n.大字标题;新闻摘要vt.使愈合;调停 || vi.愈合v.犹豫;不情愿vt.强调 || n.最精彩的部分,最重要的事件n.视野a.敌对的;敌方的a.谦逊的;地位(或身份)低下的;简陋的 || vt.使谦恭a.理想的;想象的 || n.理想;理想的东西(或人)a.(to, with)相同的;同一的vt.认出,鉴定;(with)把…等同于 || vi.(with)认同n.身份;个性;同一性a.懒散的;空闲的;无用的 || vi.懒散 || vt.(away)虚度(光阴)vt.不顾vt.说明;给…作插图说明n.形象;印象;图像;形象的描述n. / v. 影响;冲击vt.使生效,履行 || n.工具vt.(on)把…强加于;征(税等),处以(罚款、监禁等)n.发生率n.发生的事;事件v.(使)倾斜;(使)倾向于,赞同 || n.斜坡a.不能相信的;不可思议的,惊人的n.索引;标志;指数,指标 || vt.为…编索引,把…编入索引vt.标示,指示;表明a.冷漠的;一般的,(表现)平平的a.(to, for)必不可少的vt.引诱,劝;引起,导致a.不可避免的,必然(发生)的vt.推论a.劣等的;下级的 || n.下级a.有影响的,有权势的a.(in)内在的,固有的,生来就有的a.开始的 || n.(性命等的)首字母n.主动性,首创精神;主动的行动;主动权a.(of)清白的;无害的,没有恶意的;天真的n.输入,投入;输入物,输入的数据 || vt.把…输入计算机vt.插入n.洞察力,深刻的见解vt.安装;使就职n.本能;生性vt.侮辱 || n.侮辱,凌辱vt.给…保险;保证a.完整无缺的,未经触动的,未受损伤的v.(into, with)(使)成为一体n.正直,诚实,诚恳;完整,完全,完善vt.想要;打算使(成为)a.强烈的,紧张的;认真的;热情的n.强烈;强度n.意图,目的n.相互作用vi.(with, in)干涉,介入;妨碍n.内部;[-the]内地 || a.内部的;内地的a.内部的;国内的;内心的vi.口译,翻译 || vt.解释,说明vt.打断,打扰;中止 || vi.打断,打扰n.间隔;幕间(或工间)休息a.亲密的,密切的;私人的 || vt.暗示,提示 || n.至交vt.恐吓,威胁v.侵入,侵略v.调查,调查研究vt.包含;使参与;牵涉vt.使隔离n.问题;发行 || vt.颁布,出版;分发 || vi.流出,发出vt.证明…正当(或有理)vi.落后 || n.滞后,(时间上的)间隔n.风景;风景画;全景 || vt.美化…的景观vt.发动;(into, in)使开始从事n.布局,设计v.(使)漏,(使)渗出;泄漏 || n.漏洞;泄漏;(消息等的)走漏a.(to)可能的;(for)有法律责任的;(to)易于…的a.心胸宽阔的;(指政治观点上的)自由主义的;慷慨的ad.同样地;也vi.暂住,借宿 || vt.供…以临时住宿 || n.乡间小屋,施舍a.壮丽的;豪华的;极好的vt.维持;维修;坚持;赡养,负担n.维修;抚养费;维持n.管理;管理部门,管理人员a.用手的,手工做的 || n.手册,指南n.页边空白;差额;余地;边缘a.微小的,不重要的;仅以微弱多数票获胜的a.奇迹般的a.大而重的,大块的;大量的a.成熟的;应支付的 || v.(使)成熟a.最高的,顶点的 || n.最大限度,顶点n.机械装置;机制;办法n.新闻媒介,传播媒介a.中等的 || n.媒质;新闻媒介,传播媒介;手段a.纪念的 || n.纪念碑,纪念仪式vt.修理 || vi.恢复健康a.精神的;精神病的;智力的vt. / n.提及a.仁慈的;宽大的a.仅仅的;纯粹的n.长处,价值;功绩 || vt.值得n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面 || vt.弄糟n.少数派;少数民族n.奇迹a.痛苦的;令人难受(或痛苦)的vt.给…错误印象;把…带错路;把…带坏n.使命;代表团n.方式a.中等的;稳健的;有节制的 || v.(使)和缓,(使)减轻a.谦虚的;适中的;羞怯的n.道德,德行,品行;道德观,道德规范n.(物体的)运动;手势,眼色;提议 || v.(向…)打手势vt.作为…的动机,激励n.动机a.相互的;共同的n.杜撰出来的人(或事情);神话ad.全国范围内的,全国性的vt.忽视;疏忽 || n.疏忽,玩忽vt.洽谈;顺利通过 || vi.协商a.显而易见的vt.通知,报告n.概念;意图n.目标 || a.客观的n.义务vt.迫使;施恩于;使感激n.障碍(物),妨碍n.时刻;重大(或特殊)活动;时机;起因 || vt.引起vt.占,占用,占领;使忙碌,使从事n.发生的事情;发生a.奇特的;临时的;奇数的;剩余的 || n.可能性,机会vt.冒犯,伤害…的感情;使厌恶;违犯n.口子,洞;(正式的)开始;(职位的)空缺n.敌手;反对者vt.反对a.乐观(主义)的n.选择;选择权;(供)选择的事情(或人),选课n.结果n.提纲;外形,略图 || vt.概述;描…外形n.观点;展望n.产量;输出,输出功率 || vt.输出(信息、数据等)n.开始a.突出的;未解决的a.总体的;全部的 || ad.总的来说 || n.工装裤,工作服vt.忽视;宽恕;俯瞰vt.追上,超过;突然降临于vt.(感情上)使受不了,使不知所措 || 征服,制服n.恐慌 || v.(使)恐慌a.部分的;(to)偏爱的;(to)偏向一方的vi.(in)参与n.激情;酷爱n.支付的款项;支付a.奇怪的;特有的n.同龄人,同等地位的人;贵族 || vi.仔细看n.处罚,罚金v.透入,渗入;刺入;洞察n.养老金 || vt.发给…养老金(或退职金、抚恤金等)vt.感知;认识到n.感知(能力);认识,观念a.永久(性)的n.允许vi.(in)坚持不懈;继续存在n.人格;人物n.[总称]人员;人事部门n.视角;远景;透视画法n.说服(力),劝说 || 信念,信仰a.悲观(主义)的n.阶段;方面;(月)相 || vt.分阶段实行(或计划)n.现象;非凡的人,特殊的事物n.(政党的)纲领a.有道理的,似乎正确的,貌似可信的n.保证,誓言 || vt.保证,许诺n.故事情节;(秘密)计划 || vt.密谋;绘制…的平面图 || vi.密谋vt.磨光;修改,润色 || n.擦光剂,上光腊n.民意测试;政治选举 || vt.对…进行民意测试n.一部分,一份 || vt.(out)分配vt.描写,描绘;扮演,饰演vt.造成;提出(问题等),陈述(论点等) || vi.摆姿势(拍照)vt.推迟a.潜在的 || n.潜力a.实际的;切合实际的n.预防,警惕a.在先的a.更可取的n.偏见 || vt.使有偏见;对…不利,损害a.预备的,初步的 || n.初步做法,起始行为n.处方,药方,(医生开的)药;开处方,开药方n.提供;外观,(显示的)图像;报告;表演vt.保护,维持;保存;腌制n.压(力);强制 || vt.对…施加压力(或影响),迫使,说服ad.大概vi.流行;(over)获胜;(on, upon)说服n.(电影、戏剧等的)预映,预演;(电影等的)预告(片)a.先,前;(to)在…之前a.原始的;简单的 || n.原(始)人,原始事物n.原则,原理;基本信念a.优先的n.优先(权),重点;优先考虑的事n.特权,优惠n.程序vi.进行;(沿特定路线)行进,(朝特定方向)前进n.过程;工序;(法律)程序 || vt.加工a.多产的,富饶的;富有成效的n.(面部或头部的)侧面(像);传略;轮廓;姿态n.利润 || vt.有益于 || vi.(by, from)得益vt.禁止a.突出的;突起的vt.发扬;提升;宣传vt.促使,推动;提示 || a.敏捷的,迅速的 || n.题词,提示n.证据;校样,样张 || a.耐…的n.财产;房产;性质n.比例;部分,份儿;均衡v.提议;提名;打算;求婚n.前景;景象;有希望的候选人 || vt.(for)勘探n.兴旺,繁荣n. / v.抗议,反对vt.证明,证实 || vi.结果是conj.假如n.供应;准备;条款;给养vt.对…挑衅;激起n.公众的注意,名声;宣传a.严守时刻的vt.继续;追赶;追求v.(使)迷惑;(使)苦思 || n.智力测验;难题v.(使)胜任,(使)合格v.停止;离开,辞(职)v.引用 || n.论文;报价;引号n.挂架,搁架 || vi.使痛苦;使紧张,使努力n.幅度 || vi.(在某范围内)变动;(over)论及n.比率a.理智的;合理的ad.乐意地;容易地;很快地a.现实的;实际可行的;逼真的n.界,领域;王国vt.收割,收货;获得,得到n.后部;后方 || a.后部的;后方的 || vt.抚养,饲养,种植a.通情达理的;合理的;(价钱)公道的n.反叛分子,反对者 || vi.反叛;反对vt.回忆起;召回;收回 || vi.记得,回想n.发票;收入,进款;收到n.(经济的)衰退,衰退期vt.认为;(on)指望;测算n.认出;承认;赏识,表彰vt.推荐;劝告;使成为可取vt.使协调;使和解;(to)使顺从(于),使甘心(于)n.娱乐活动vt.招募(新兵),吸收(新成员) || n.新兵,新成员n.减少;下降vi.(to)涉及;指的是;参考 || vt.引…参考(或查询)vt.精炼;使优美,使完善vt.改革,改造 || vi.改正,改过自新 || n.改革,改造v.(使)振作精神,(使)恢复活力n.拒绝vt.管理;调整vt.增强,增援vt.拒绝;退回 || n.被拒货品,不合格产品vt.传送,传达,转述;中继转播,接替,补充,转运vt. / n.释放;接触;放开;发布a.有关的,切题的a.可靠的n.轻松;减轻;使得到调剂;接替vt.使轻松;缓解;接替vt.评论说 || vi.(on)谈论,评论 || n.谈论,评论a.值得注意的;异常的n.补救办法;药品 || vt.补救;医治vt.提醒;使发生联想vt.使得;给予;翻译v.继续;(使)更新;延长(…的)有效期v.复制,再现;繁殖vt. / n.请求vt.像n.(住处、座位等的)预订;保留,犹豫vi.辞职 || vt.辞去;(to)使顺从a.(to)抵抗的,抗…的,耐…的vt.解决;决定;(into)分解 || vi.决定 || n.决心vi.(to)求助,凭借 || n.求助;常去之地n.[pl.]资源;应付办法ad.分别地a.有责任感的;责任重大的vt.恢复;修复;归还vt.阻止;抑制n.抑制;约束措施v.(中断后)重新开始 || n.摘要;简历vt.保留vi.退却;退缩 || n.退却;退缩;隐退处vt.揭露,泄露;展现n.报复 || vt.为…报仇,报…之仇n.(尤指大宗的)收入;(政府的)税收vt.修订;复习 || vi.复习vi.旋转n.报答;报酬 || vt.报答vt.(of)使摆脱a.严格的,死板的;刚硬的n.(宗教等的)仪式;例行公事 || a.例行的n.竞争对手;可与匹敌的人(或物) || a.竞争的vt.抢劫;(of)(非法)剥夺vt.惊起,唤醒n.例行公事 || a.例行的,常规的n.缘故a.令人满意的n.丑闻;流言蜚语;反感,愤慨a.缺乏的;稀少的n.惊恐 || vt.吓,使害怕 || vi.受惊吓,感到害怕vt.撒,撒播;使散开 || vi.分散n.风景;舞台布景n.时刻表,日程安排表;清单 || vt.安排,排定n.计划;阴谋 || v.密谋n.(活动,影响等的)范围;机会n.剧本,广播稿;文字体系;笔迹,手迹n.部分;章节;部门;截面a.安全的,牢固的 || vt.得到;使安全,保卫;缚牢n.安全;抵押品;证券vt.寻找,追求;征求(意见),请求(帮助);试图ad.表面上,看上去n.选择;被挑选出来的人(或物),精选品n.(大学的)研究班,研讨会a.资格较老的 || n.(中学或大学的)毕业班学生a.明知的,合情理的a.敏感的;易受伤的n.会议;(从事某项活动的)集会(或一段时间)n.环境;设定地位置a.完全的;陡峭的 || ad.陡峭地 || vi.(off)急转向,偏离n.掩蔽处;住所;掩蔽 || vt.掩蔽 || vi.躲避v.移动,转移;改变 || n.转换;(轮或换)班n.不足vi.起皱,收缩;退缩 || vt.使起皱,使收缩n.包围,围困n.观光a.相当数量的;重要的;意味深长的n.简单;朴素a.单数的;非凡的n.略图;梗概;素描 || vt.给…的略图;概述vi.撇(去);掠过;浏览 || vt.浏览,略读vi.跳,蹦蹦跳跳;跳绳 || vt.跳过,略过,漏过 || n.跳,蹦跳a.苗条的;微薄的a.轻微的;纤细的,瘦弱的 || vt. / n.轻视vi.滑落;溜走;下降 || vt.悄悄放进 || n.疏漏a.单独的;独有的 || n.脚底,鞋底,袜底a.严肃的;庄严的,隆重的n.解决;解答;溶液a.老练的;精密的;高雅的n.源(泉);来源n.一段时间;跨距 || vt.持续;横跨n.火花 || vi.发出火花 || vt.(off)触发a.特定的;明确的 || n.详情vt.明确说明vi.(about, on)推测;投机 || vt.推测v.(使)溢出,(使)洒落 || n.溢出a.精神(上)的;宗教(上)的vi.分裂,被撕裂 || vt.使分裂;劈开,撕裂;分担 || n.裂口;分裂n.发起者,赞助者 || vt.发起;资助;支持n.刺激(物),激励 || vt.激励n.间谍 || vi.当间谍;(on)暗中监视 || vt.发现;侦探,刺探vt.挤出;压榨;捏 || vi.挤 || n.挤;握(手);拮据a.稳定的;沉稳的 || n.马厩n.全体职工,全体人员 || vt.为…配备(人员)vt.沾污,染色 || n.污迹n. 标桩;利害关系;赌本|| vt.以…打赌,拿…冒险a.不新鲜的;过时的n.立场vt.使惊吓,使吃惊n.地位;情形a.平稳的;持续的;稳重的 || v.(使)平稳vt.驾驶;引导 || vi.驾驶n.茎,干;词干 || vi.(from)起源于 || vt.堵住,止住a.粘性的;(天气)湿热的;困难a.硬的;不灵活的;拘谨的;艰难的;(风等)强烈的 || ad.极其vt.刺激,激励vi.刺 || vt.刺;刺痛;激怒 || n.(昆虫的)蜇刺;刺(痛)vt.搅拌;激起 || vi.微动;(某种感情)产生 || n.激动,骚动n.备料;股票;世系 || v.储备 || a.常用的n.拉紧;极度紧张;张力 || vt.扭伤;尽力使用;紧张n.海峡;[常pl.]困境,窘境,危难vi.大踏步走 || n.大步;步法,步态;[常pl.]进展,进步n.弦,线,一行 || vt.用线串;(用线)悬挂,系住n.(试验等的)对象 || vt.(to)使服从;使遭受vi.潜入水中 || vt.浸没vi.(to)屈服 || vt呈送;主张a.随后的a.可观的;牢固的;实质的n.代用品 || vt.代替 || vi.(for)代替a.微妙的,难于捉摸的;诡秘的,狡诈的;隐约的n.连续;接替a.接连的v.吸,吮a.合适的vt.概括,总结n.峰顶;最高级会议a.极好的,高质量的a.肤浅的;表面的a.上级的;(to)较好的 || n.上级,长官n.增补(物);增刊 || vt.增补a.最高的;极度的n.过剩 || a.过剩的,多余的vi.投降;(to)屈服(于) || vt.放弃 || n.投降,放弃n.调查;测量;概括论述 || vt.调查;测量vi.活下来,继续存在 || vt.从…逃出;比…活得长vt.暂停;悬n.怀疑,涉嫌;一点儿vt.保持;供养;支持vi.摇摆 || vt.使摇摆;使改变看法 || n.摇摆a.迅速的;敏捷的v.(使)摇摆;(使)旋转 || n.摆动;秋千v.转变 || n.开关;转变n.符号;象征vi.同情;赞同n.症状;征兆vt.对付;与…交涉;(足球等比赛中)阻截 || n.阻截;用具a.驯服的;沉闷的 || vt.制服n.目标 || vt.瞄准a.乏味的,冗长的n.脾气;韧度 || vt.调和;使回火a.暂时的n.诱惑vi.易于;趋向 || vt.照管n.趋向a.嫩的 || vt.(正式)提出 || vi.(for)投标 || n.投标a.紧张的;拉紧的 || v.(使)拉紧 || n.(动词的)时态a.末端的 || n.(海、陆、空运输路线的)终点(站)vt.使害怕,使惊吓;使人感到恐怖n.恐怖活动;引起恐怖的人(或事)n.主题,题目n.治疗a.沉思的;体贴的vt.威胁;是…的征兆 || vi.构成威胁,可能发生vi.兴旺,繁荣n.潮汐;潮流vt.容许,承认;容忍n.腔调;风格;色调 || vt.(up)增强a.困难的;坚强的;粗暴的vt.查出;追溯;描摹 || n.痕迹;微量n.灾难;悲剧(艺术)n.交易,业务vt.转移;调动,转学 || vi.迁移;调动,转学;转车vt.改革;变换vt.传播;传送a.透明的;明显的n.条约,协定vi.颤抖;摇晃;担心 || n.颤抖;摇晃a.巨大的;精彩的n.趋向;时新款式vt.修剪;削减;装饰 || a.面条的;整齐的 || n.修剪,整修n.胜利;(胜利或成功的)喜悦 || vi.获胜a.令人烦恼的vt.使缠绕;转动;捻 || vi.旋转;曲折前进 || n.弯曲;转折a.极端的;最后的 || n.终极,极限vt.揭露;揭开…的盖子vt.经历vt.在…下面划线;强调vt.解开;取消a.心神不安的vi.展开,打开;显露,展现 || vt.展开,打开a.唯一的;极不寻常的n.团结;和睦a.普遍的;通用的;宇宙的vt.使心烦意乱;打乱 || n.翻倒;(肠胃等)不适 || a.心烦的vt.鼓励;催促 || n.强烈的欲望vt.利用a.未被占用的;(职位、工作等)空缺n.休假 || vi.度假a.含糊的a.徒劳的;自负的。
最新版MBA英语大纲考试词汇完整版accuse [4'kju:z]vt.谴责,指责;(of)控告,告发accustomed [4'k8st4md]a.惯常的,通常的;(to)习惯于...的,适应了的achieve [4't5i:v]vt.完成,达到(目的);得到,获得acquaintance [4'kweint4ns]n.(with)熟悉,熟知,相识,了解;熟人,相识的人acquire [4'kwai4]vt.取得,求得,获得,学得actual ['1kt5u4l,'1ktju4l]a.现实的,实际的,事实上的;现在的,目前的acute [4'kju:t]a.严重的,激烈的;敏锐的了;锐的,尖的;(疾病)急性的adapt [4'd1pt]vt.使适应;改编;改写 vi.(to)适应additional [4'di54nl]a.追加的,附加的;另外的address [4'dres]n.通讯处,地址;致词,讲话 vt.向...致词(说话);在(信封或包裹上)写姓名地址,致函adequate ['1dikwit]a.充足的,足够的;适当的,胜任的adjust [4'd98st]vt.(to)调整,调节;整理,使合适administration [4d`minis'trei54n]n.经营,管理,支配;管理部门,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admire [4d'mai4]vt.钦佩;羡慕;赞赏;称赞,夸奖admit [4d'mit]vt./vi.准许...进来,准许...加入;(to)承认,供认adopt [4'd3pt]vt./vi.采用,采纳,采取;正式通过,批准;收养(子女)advance [4d'v2:ns]vi.前进;取得进展;(价格等)上涨;促进,推进,助长 vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出(建议等) n.前进,进展,发展;预付;提前adventure [4d'vent54]n.冒险,奇遇;冒险活动advisable [4d'vaiz4bl]a.明智的;可取的;适当的advertise [`1dv4taiz]vt.为...做广告,宣传;(在报刊、电视、广播等中)公告,公布affect [4'fekt]vt.影响affection [4'fek54n]n.喜爱,慈爱,感情,爱慕之情affiliate [4'filieit]vt./vi.(使...)加入,联合;(to,with)使隶属(附属)于 n.附属公司;分公司afford [4'f3:d]vt.(与can,could,be able to连用)买得起,花得起(时间);提供,给予agency ['eid94nsi]n.代理行,代办处,经销店;(政府等的)专业行政部门agent ['eid94nt]n.代理人,代理商,经纪人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂aggression [4'gre54n]n.侵略,进攻aid [eid]vt.帮助,援助 n.帮助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段alarm [4'l2:m]n.警报,警报器,警铃;惊恐,忧虑 vt.向...报警;使惊慌,使不安,惊吓alienation [`eilj4'nei54n]n.转让,让渡alike [4'laik]a.(常作表语)相似的,同样的,相像的allocation [`1l4'kei54n]n.分配;拨款(权)alter ['3:lt4]v.改变,变更amateur ['1m4t4:]a.业余的;非职业的;外行的 n.业余爱好者,业余运动员;外行amaze [4'meiz]v.使惊奇,使惊叹ambition [1m'bi54n]n.雄心,野心;期望得到的东西ambulance ['1mbjul4ns]n.救护车,救护船,救护飞机amendment [4'mendm4nt]n.修正;赔款amuse [4'mju:z]v.逗乐;给...提供娱乐analysis [4'n1l4sis]n.分析;分析报告ancestor ['1nsist4]n.祖宗,祖先;原型,先驱ancient ['ein54nt]a.古代的;古老的annoy [4'n3i]vt.使烦恼,使生气;打扰annual ['1nju4l]a.每年的,年度的 n.年刊,年鉴annuity [4'nju(:)iti]n.年金;养老金anticipate [1n'tisipeit]vi.预料,期望;先于...行动;提前使用apart [4'p2:t]ad.离去,分开;(空间、时间)成距离,相隔;除去apparent [4'p1r4nt]a.(to)显然的,明显的;表面上的,外表的,貌似(真实)的appeal [4'pi:l]vi.(to)呼吁,恳求;(against)申诉;(to)求助于,诉诸于 n.(to)要求,呼吁;上诉,申诉;吸引力appetite ['1pitait]n.食欲,胃口;欲望applicable ['1plik4b4l]a.(to)可适用的,可实施的;适当的,合适的appoint [4'p3int]vt.任命,约定,指定(时间、地点)appraisal [4'preiz4l]n.评价,估量,估价appreciate [4'pri:5ieit]vt./vi.欣赏,重视,赏识;为...表示感激;增值approach [4'pr4ut5]vi./vt.(to)靠近,接近 n.接近;途径;方法appropriate [4'pr4upriit]n.拨出(款项等);占用,挪用 a. (to)适当的,恰当的approve [4'pru:v]vt./vi.(of)赞成,赞同;批准,对...表示认可argument ['2:gjum4nt]n.辩论,争论,争吵;(from, against)论据,理由arise [4'raiz]vi.出现;(from)由...引起,由...产生,起源于arouse [4'rauz]v.唤醒;引起;激起artificial [`2:ti'fi54l]a.人造的,人工的;人为的,矫柔造作的ashamed [4'5eimd]a.(常用做表语)惭愧的,害臊的,羞耻的aspect ['1spekt]n.方面;外表;(建筑物的)朝向,方向assemble [4'sembl]vt./vi.集合;装配assessment [4'sesm4nt]n.评估;确定金额asset ['1set]n.有价值的人,优点,长处;(pl.)资产,财产assign [4'sain]vt.(to)指派,指定;(to)分配;指定(时间、地点等)assist [4'sist]v.援助,协助associate [4's4u5ieit]vt./vi.(with)(在思想上)把...联系在一起;使联想 n.伙伴,合作人 a.副的assume [4'sju:m]vt.假定,设想;承担,担任,就职;呈现,具有,采取assure [4'5u4]vt.(of)使确信,使放心;保证给,确保astonish [4s't3ni5]vt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut ['1str4n3:t]n.宇航员attach [4't1t5]vt.系上;使附属;加于....上;使依恋,使喜爱attempt [4'tempt]vt.尝试,企图,开始做 n. 努力,尝试attendance [4'tend4ns]n.出席;出席人数attorney [4't4:ni]n.代理人;律师audience ['3:dj4ns]n.听众,观众,读者authority [3:'73riti]n.权力;权威,专家;行政管理机构,当权者;(pl.)当局automatic [`3:t4'm1tik]a.自动的;无意识的,机械的 n. 自动机械available [4'veil4bl]a.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可以见到的,随时可来的average ['1v4rid9]a.平均的;一般的,通常的 n.平均(数);一般水平,平均水平 v.平均为avoid [4'v3id]vt.避免;避开awake [4'weik]v.唤醒;(使)觉醒;醒悟到,认识到 a.醒着的aware [4'we4]a.意识到的,知道的award [4'w3:d]vt.颁奖,授予 n.奖,奖品awful ['3:ful]a.极坏的;可怕的;极度的;感到难过的,不舒服的awkward ['3:kw4d]a.笨拙的;尴尬的;棘手的baggage ['b1gid9]n.行李ban [b1n]n./vt.禁止,禁令,取缔band [b1nd]n.乐队;带子;波段;一群,一伙 vt.绑扎bankrupt ['b16kr8pt]n.破产者 vt.使破产 a.破产的;彻底缺乏的bare [be4]a.赤裸的,光秃的;仅有的 vt.裸露,露出barrier ['b1ri4]n.栅栏;障碍;关卡bargain ['b2:gin]n.契约,合同交易;便宜货;成交商品 vt.讨价还价basis ['beisis]n.基础,根据beforehand [bi'f3:h1nd]ad.预先,事先behalf [bi'h2:f]n.利益,方面belong [bi'l36]vi.属于;隶属,是...的一员;应归入(类别、派别、范畴等)beneficial [`beni'fi54l]a.有益的,有利的benefit ['benifit]n.利益,好处;救济金,保险金 v.得益;有益于bid [bid]v.投标;命令,吩咐;说(问候的话);祝愿;n.出价,报价bill [bil]n.帐单,清单;钞票;票据;议案,法案blame [bleim]vt.责备,责怪;(on, onto)把...归咎于 n.责任,过失;指责blank [bl16k]a.空白的;茫然的 n.空白(处),空格block [bl3k]n.块;街区;障碍物;大楼,一排房屋 vt.阻塞,封锁bloom [blu:m]n.花朵;开花期 vi. 开花board [b3:d]n.木板,纸板;甲板,船舷;伙食;董事会 vt.上飞机(或船、车);供应伙食boast [b4ust]v.(of,about)自夸,夸耀;有...可以夸耀,自豪地拥有 n.自夸,自吹自擂bold [b4uld]a.大胆的;冒失的;黑体字的bond [b3nd]n.契约;结合物,粘结剂;债券bonus ['b4un4s]n.奖金;红利;额外津贴boom [bu:m]n.低沉的隆隆声;营业等的激增,经济迅速发展 vi./vt.雷、炮等发出隆隆声;兴隆,迅速发展border ['b3:d4]n.边;边界,国界 v.给...加上边,围;与...接壤(毗邻)bore [b3:]vt.使厌烦;钻(孔)打眼,凿通 n.令人厌烦的人或事;孔,孔道bound [baund]a.必定的;受约束的,有义务的;准备到...去的,开往...的 vi.跳跃,跳跃着前进;跳回,反弹vt. 成为...的界限,给...划界限 n. 分界线,边界;界限,范围boundary ['baund4ri]n.分界线;边界brain [brein]n.大脑;(pl.)智力;脑髓breed [bri:d]v.生仔,繁殖;饲养;产生,引起;养育,教养 n.(牲畜等的)品种,种类bribe [braib]v.贿赂,向...行贿 n. 贿赂,行贿brief [bri:f]a.简短的;短暂的 vt.作简要介绍burden ['b4:dn]n.重担,负担;重负,负荷;船的装载量bride [braid]n.新娘bureau ['bju4r4u]n.(机构的)局,部,办事处burst [b4:st]v.使爆炸;(in,out)突然发生;(芽、蕾等)绽开 n.爆炸;裂口,决口by-business ['bai`biznis]n.副业,兼职by-law ['bail3:]n.公司章程;细则,附则byproduct ['bai`pr3d4kt]n.副产品cabinet ['k1binit]n.橱柜;政府内阁calculate ['k1lkjuleit]v.计算;推算;计划campaign [k1m'pein]n.战役;运动 vi.参加运动,参加竞选cancel ['k1ns4l]vt.取消;删去;抵消candidate ['k1ndideit]n.报考者;候选人capable ['keip4bl]a.有能力的;能...的capacity [k4'p1siti]n.容量;能力;身份,职位capture ['k1pt54]vt.捉拿;俘获;夺取 n.俘获,俘虏;战利品,俘虏物career [k4'ri4]n.经历,生涯;职业,专业cargo ['k2:g4u]n.货物,船货case [keis]n.事实,情况;病例;案件,案例;盒(箱)子;壳子,套子,鞘cash [k15]n.现金,现款 v.兑现,付现casual ['k19ju4l]a.偶然的;随便的;临时的,不定期的;不经意的,随便的caution ['k3:54n]n.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫;注意事项 v.警告,劝某人小心;告诫cease [si:s]v.停止,结束celebrate ['selibreit]vt.庆祝;颂扬,赞美vi.庆祝,过节cement [si'ment]n.水泥;胶粘剂 vt.粘接;巩固centigrade ['sentigreid]n./a.摄氏温度(的);百分度的ceremony ['serim4ni]n.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certificate [s4'tifik4t]n.证(明)书;单据challenge ['t51lind9]vt.向...挑战;公然反对,反抗;对...质疑,对...怀疑 n.挑战(书);艰巨的任务;怀疑,质问characteristic [`k1rikt4'ristik]a.特有的,典型的 n.特征,特性charge [t52:d9]v.索价;控告;充电 n.费用;指控;充电,电荷charming ['t52:mi6]a.可爱的,迷人的chase [t5eis]vt./n.追猎,追赶check [t5ek]vt.检查,核对;制止 n.检查,核对;支票;帐单;方格图案cheque [t5ek]n.[美]check支票chief [t5i:f]a.首要的,主要的;为首的,总的 n.领袖,首领,长官;头目,酋长chilly ['t5ili]a.寒冷的chore [t53:]n.(pl.)家庭杂务circulate ['s4:kjuleit]v.循环;流通;流传circumstance ['s4:k4mst4ns]n.(常pl.)情况,条件,环境,情形;(pl.)境况,经济状况;详情,事实civilization [`sivilai'zei54n]n.文明,文化;开化claim [kleim]vt.对...提出要求,索取;声称,主张;索赔;(灾难等)使失踪或死亡;需要,值得n.(对于权利的)要求,认真,索赔;声称,断言classical ['kl1sik4l]a.经典的,古典的classify ['kl1sifai]vt.把...分等级;分类client ['klai4nt]n.委托人;顾客clue [klu:]n.线索;思路;暗示coarse [k3:s]a.粗糙的;粗俗的collapse [k4'l1ps]v./n.倒塌;崩溃;(价格)暴跌;倒闭,破产colleague ['k3li:g]n.同事,同僚collective [k4'lektiv]a.集体的;共同的 n.集体,团体combine [k4m'bain]v.结合;化合command [k4'm2:nd]v.命令,指挥 n.命令;掌握,运用能力comment ['k3ment]n./vi.评论,意见;注释commercial [k4'm4:54l]a.商业的,商务性的;商品化的 n.商业广告commission [k4'mi54n]n.委任状;授权,委托;佣金,回扣;委员会 vt.委托,委任commit [k4'mit]vt.犯(错、罪);(oneself)使承担义务;(to)把...交托给,把...提交给committee [k4'miti]n.委员会,全体委员commodity [k4'm3diti]n.日用品;商品communicate [k4'mju:nikeit]v.交流,交际;传播;通信联络community [k4'mju:niti]n.社区,社会;团体,共同体;(动植物的)群落company ['k8mp4ni]n.公司;陪伴;客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)伙compare [k4m'pe4]v.比较;把...比作compel [k4m'pel]vt.强迫compensate ['k3mpenseit]v.(损坏)赔偿,补偿;抵消compete [k4m'pi:t]vi.比赛;竞争complaint [k4m'pleint]n.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病complex ['k3mpleks]a.复杂的,难懂的;综合的 n.综合企业,综合体;情节complicated ['k3mplikeitid]a.复杂的,难懂的其compose [k4m'p4uz]v.由...组成;写作,作曲;使平静,使镇静compound ['k3mpaund]a.复合的;合成的 n.化合物;复合词(句) vt.使恶化,加重;使化合,使合成comprehensive [`k3mpri'hensiv]a.综合的,广泛的;有理解力的,理解的compress [k4m'pres]vt.压缩,浓缩;摘要叙述compromise ['k3mpr4maiz]n./vi.妥协,折衷 vt.危及,放弃(原则,理想等)conceal [k4n'si:l]v.隐藏,隐瞒;对...保密concentrate ['k3ns4ntreit]v.集中,专心;浓缩concern [k4n's4:n]n.关系;关心;有关系的事;公司,商号 vt.涉及;使担心,使挂念concrete ['k3nkri:t]a.具体的,实质性的 n.混凝土 vt.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemn [k4n'dem]vt.谴责;宣判condense [k4n'dens]v.凝结;压缩;精简conduct ['k3nd4kt, k4n'd8kt]n.举止,行为 v.处理;引导;导电,传热confess [k4n'fes]v.承认,坦白;忏悔confidence ['k3nfid4ns]n.信任,信心;秘密,机密confident ['k3nfid4nt]a.有信心的,自信的;确信的,肯定的confirm [k4n'f4:m]vt.证实,肯定;进一步证实(确定);批准;使更坚固,使更坚定conflict ['k3nflikt, k4n'flikt]n.抵触;争执;冲突 vi.冲突,抵触confront [k4n'fr8nt]v.迎面遇到,遭遇;勇敢地面对,正视;使对质,使当面对证confuse [k4n'fju:z]vt.搞乱,使混乱;使困惑,把...弄胡涂;混淆,把...混同congress ['k36gres]n.(代表)大会,正式会议;国会conquer ['k36k4]vt.征服;战胜,克服(困难、恶习等),破处(坏习惯等)conscience ['k3n54ns]n.良心conscious ['k3n54s]a.有意识的;头脑清醒的;自觉的consent [k4n'sent]vi./n.同意;答应consequence ['k3nsikw4ns]n.后果,影响;重要性conservative [k4n's4:v4tiv]a.保守的 n.保守的人;保守派considerate [k4n'sid4rit]a.考虑周到的;体谅的consist [k4n'sist]vi.由...组成;存在于;与...一致consolidation [k4n`s3li'dei54n]n.企业合并constant ['k3nst4nt]a.始终如一的;经常的;不变的,固定的 n.常数,恒量constitution [`k3nsti'tju:54n]n.宪法;体质;构成consult [k4n's8lt]vt.商量;请教,找...商议;参考(地图),查看(词典)consume [k4n'sju:m]vt.消耗,消费;吃完,喝光;使着迷,充满consumption [k4n's8mp54n]n.消耗;消费;消费量contact ['k3nt1kt,k4n't1kt]n.接触,联系 vt.接触,联系contain [k4n'tein]vt.包含,容纳;等于,相等于;控制,抑制contemporary [k4n'temp4r4ri]a.当代的;同时代的 n.同时代人,同辈content ['k3ntent,k4n'tent]n.含量;(pl.)所容纳的东西;内容,目录;满足,满意 a.满足的,满意的vt.使满足,使满意contest [k4n'test,'k3ntest]v./n.比赛,竞争;争论,争辩continual [k4n'tinju4l]a.连续不断的;频繁的contract ['k3ntr1kt, k4n'tr1kt]n.合同,契约;包工 v.订合同;缩短,缩写contradiction [`k3ntr4'dik54n]n.矛盾;反驳contribute [k4n'tribju(:)t]v.贡献出;投稿;有助于convenience [k4n'vi:nj4ns]n.便利,方便;(pl.)便利设施,方便的用具convention [k4n'ven54n]n.公约;习俗;大会conventional [k4n'ven54nl]a.惯例的,常规的;传统的,规范的convert [k4n'v4:t]vt.使转变,使转化;使...改变信仰convey [k4n'vei]vt.搬运,运送(旅客、货物等);传达(消息,思想等);传播(声音等)convince [k4n'vins]vt.使信服,使确信cooperate [k4u'3p4reit]vt.合作,协作;相配合coordinate [k4u'3:dineit]vt.协调,调节cope [k4up]vi.对付;妥善处理correspond [`k3ri'sp3nd]vi.符合;相当于;通信corrupt [k4'r8pt]a.腐败的,贪赃舞弊的 v.腐蚀;使堕落costly ['k3stli]a.昂贵的;代价高的counter ['kaunt4]n.计算器;柜台 a./ad.相反的 v.对抗,反驳counterfeit ['kaunt4fit]v./n.伪造,假冒 n.假货,伪造品course [k3:s]n.课程;过程;一道菜;课程,教程;行动方针,做法court [k3:t]n.法院;院子;球场;宫廷,朝廷crash [kr15]v.倒下,碰撞,坠落;发出撞击声;垮台,破产 n.轰隆声,哗啦声;飞机坠毁声credit ['kredit]n.信用,信任;信用贷款,赊欠;声望,名誉;光荣,功劳;学分 vt.信用,信任;把...记入贷方;把...归于criminal ['kriminl]n.罪犯,刑事犯 a.犯罪的,刑事的critical ['kritik4l]a.决定性的,关键性的;批评的,批判的;危急的,紧要的crude [kru:d]a.天然的;生的,未熟的;粗野的cruel ['kru4l]a.残酷的,残忍的crush [kr85]v.压碎;镇压cultivate ['k8ltiveit]vt.耕作;栽培;培养cunning ['k8ni6]a.狡猾的,狡诈的cupboard ['k8b4d]n.碗橱curb [k4:b]n.场外证券市场,场外交易 vt.制止,抑制cure [kju4]vt.纠正;治愈 n.治愈;疗法,良药curiosity [`kju4ri'3siti]n.好奇,好奇心;古董,奇物,古玩currency ['k8r4nsi]n.货币;通用,流通cycle ['saikl]n.周期;循环;自行(摩托)车 vi.骑车;循环damage ['d1mid9]n.损害,毁坏; (pl.)损害赔偿费 vt.损害,损伤dash [d15]v.猛冲,飞奔;浇,泼,溅 n.猛冲,突进;破折号deadly ['dedli]a.致命的,致死的;不共戴天的,殊死的;非常的,极度的 ad.死一般的;非常地,极度地dealer ['di:l4]n.买卖人,商人;经销商,证券商debate [di'beit]n./v.讨论;辩论deceive [di'si:v]v.欺骗,蒙骗decent ['di:snt]a.正派的;体面的,得体的;宽厚的,大方的decline [di'klain]vt./vi.拒绝,谢绝;下降,太阳落山;衰退,衰落 n.下降,减少,衰弱decorate ['dek4reit]vt.装饰,装潢decrease [di'kri:s, 'di:kri:s]v./n.减少,减小deduct [di'd8kt]v.扣除;减去default [di'f3:lt]n.不负责;缺席;拖欠 v.不履行,不负责任;缺席,不到案;拖欠债务defects [di'fekt]n.不合格品deficit ['defisit]n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差define [di'fain]vt.解释(定义),下定义;规定definite ['definit]a.明确的,确定的;一定的,肯定的;限定的delay [di'lei]n./v.推迟,延误,耽搁delegation [`deli'gei54n]n.代表团delicate ['delikit]a.娇嫩的;精细的;微妙的;易碎的,脆弱的delicious [di'li54s]a.美味的,芬芳的;怡人的,有趣的delight [di'lait]v.使欣喜,使高兴 n.快乐,高兴;使人高兴的东西(人)deliver [di'liv4]vt.投递,送交;发表;分娩;给予(打击等);解救,拯救demand [di'm2:nd]vt./n.要求;需要;询问,查询democracy [di'm3kr4si]n.民主政治,民主主义的;民主国家;民主,民主制demonstrate ['dem4nstreit]v.证明;演示;示威游行;现实,表露dense [dens]a.密的,密集的;密度大的deny [di'nai]vt.否认;拒绝depart [di'p2:t]vi.离开,出发;背离,违反dependent [di'pend4nt]a.依靠的,依赖的;随...而定的,由...决定的deposit [di'p3zit]vt.使沉淀,使沉积;存放,寄放;储蓄 n.存款;押金;沉淀depreciation [di`pri:5i'ei54n]n.折旧;价值下降depression [di'pre54n]n.不景气,萧条;抑郁,情绪低落;洼地;低气压deprive [di'praiv]vi.剥夺,使丧失derive [di'raiv]v.从...得到;源自desert ['dez4t]n.沙漠 vt.遗弃;擅自离开deserve [di'z4:v]vt.应受;值得design [di'zain]v.设计,构思;预定,指定 n.设计(图样),构思;图谋,企图;图样,图案desirable [di'zai4r4b4l]a.值得拥有的,值得向的;有利的,可取的desperate ['desp4rit]a.(因绝望而)不顾一切的,孤注一掷的;绝望的,危急的;极向往的,极需要的destruction [dis'tr8k54n]n.破坏;消灭detect [di'tekt]vt.察觉,发现;侦察,探测determination [di`t4:mi'nei54n]n.决心;确定,测定devalue [di:'v1lju:]n.贬值devote [di'v4ut]vt.将...奉献给;把...专用于dictation [dik'tei54n]n.口授笔录;听写digest [di'd9est,'daid9est]vt.消化(食物);领会 n.文摘,摘要diligent ['dilid94nt]a.勤奋的,用功的disappoint [`dis4'p3int]vt.使失望,使扫兴;使计划受挫折,使落空disaster [di'z2:st4]n.灾难,天灾;彻底的失败discharge [dis't52:d9]vt.允许...离开,释放,解雇;放出,排出,发射;释放;卸(货 ),下(车) n.放出;排出;放出,放电;卸(货),下(客)discipline ['disiplin]n.训练,训导;纪律,风纪;学科;惩罚,处分 vt.训练,训导;惩罚,处罚disclose [dis'kl4uz]vt.使显露;揭发,泄漏discount ['diskaunt]n.(卖方给买方的)折扣,折价;贴现;不考虑,漠视 vt.给...打折扣;给期票贴现;不重视,不理会,低估disease [di'zi:z]n.疾病;不健全,弊端disguise [dis'gaiz]vt.化妆,假扮;隐瞒,掩饰;伪装 n.伪装,隐瞒;用来伪装的东西(行动)dismiss [dis'mis]vt.免职,解雇;解散;不考虑;驳回,不受理dispute [dis'pju:t]v.争论,辩论 n.争论,辩驳;争端dissolve [di'z3lv]v.溶解;(使)融化;解散distinct [di'sti6kt]a.不同的;明显的,清楚的distinguish [dis'ti6gwi5]v.(from)区别,区分;看出,听出;(oneself)使杰出,使扬名distribute [dis'tribju(:)t]vt.(to)分发,分配;分布disturb [dis't4:b]vt.打扰;使烦恼;弄乱,打乱dividend ['dividend]n.红利,股息;(pl.)回报,效益;被除数divorce [di'v3:s]n.离婚;分离 vt.同...离婚;分离,脱离document ['d3kjum4nt]n.公文,文件 vt.用文件(文献)等证明,记载domestic [d4'mestik]a.家庭的;驯养的;国内的dormitory ['d3:mitri]n.(缩dorm)(集体)宿舍draft [dr2:ft]n.草稿;汇票;征兵,服役;通风,气流 vt.起草,草拟;征募dramatic [dr4'm1tik]a.戏剧性的;引人注目的;戏剧的,剧本的 n.(pl.)戏剧表演,演出dread [dred]n./v.害怕,恐惧drown [draun]v.淹死;淹没drug [dr8g]n.药物;(pl.)麻醉药;毒品 vt.用药麻醉due [dju:]a.预定的;应给的,应得的;到期的;应有的dumb [d8m]a.哑的;沉默的dump [d8mp]vt.倾倒;倾销 n.垃圾堆durable ['dju4r4bl]a.持久的,耐久的duration [dju4'rei54n]n.持久;持续时间dusk [d8sk]n.黄昏,傍晚earnings ['4:ni6z]n.(常pl.)收入,收益;利润earnest ['4:nist]a.诚挚的,认真的,热心的ease [i:z]n.容易;舒适,安心 v.减轻,缓和,放松economical [`i:k4'n3mik4l]a.节约的;节俭的;经济的edition [i'di54n]n.版,版次;版本editor ['edit4]n.编辑,编者effect [i'fekt]n.结果,效果;作用,影响;(pl.)个人财务 vt.实现,使生效,引起efficiency [i'fi54nsi]n.效率;功效elementary [`eli'ment4ri]a.基本的;初级的,初等的elevator ['eliveit4]n.电梯;升降机eliminate [i'limineit]vt.消灭,消除;淘汰embarrass [im'b1r4s]vt.使尴尬,使为难embezzle [im'bez4l]vt.贪污,盗用;挪用(公款、公物等)emerge [i'm4:d9]vi.出现;显露,产生emergency [i'm4:d94nsi]n.紧急情况,突然事件emit [i'mit]vt.发出,放射emphasize ['emf4saiz]vt.(=emphasise)强调,着重,突出emphasis ['emf4sis]n.强调,重点employ [im'pl3i]vt.雇用;使用enclosure [in'kl4u94]n.附件(随函);围墙,围栏encounter [in'kaunt4]vt.遭遇到,遇上n.遭遇,遇到endure [in'dju4]v.忍耐,忍受;持续;持续enforce [in'f3:s]vt.实施,实行;强制执行engage [in'geid9]v.使从事;聘用;订婚enormous [i'n3:m4s]a.巨大的,庞大的ensure [in'5u4]vt.保证,确保enterprise ['ent4praiz]n.事业心;企业,单位,公司;事业,计划entertain [`ent4'tein]v.款待;娱乐enthusiasm [in'7ju:zi1z4m]n.热情,热心;巨大兴趣,热衷的事物entitle [in'taitl]vt.给...权利;给...定名envy ['envi]n.嫉妒,羡慕;嫉妒的对象,羡慕的目标 vt.(at,of)嫉妒,羡慕equality [i(:)'kw3liti]n.同等,平等escape [i'skeip]vt./vi.逃跑;逃避;(液体等)泄漏,溢出 n.逃跑essential [i'sen54l]a.必不可少的;本质的 n.(常pl.)要素,要点;必需品establish [is't1bli5]vt.建立,创立;确立,证实estimate ['estimeit]vt.估计;评价evaluate [i'v1ljueit]vt.评价,估价,求...的值evasion [i'vei94n]n.逃避;偷漏(税)eventually [i'vent5u4li]ad.终于,最后evidence ['evid4ns]n.根据,证据;行迹evident ['evid4nt]a.明显的,显而易见的evolution [`i:v4'lu:54n]n.进化;演变exceed [ik'si:d]vt.超过,胜过exchange [iks't5eind9]v.交换,兑换;交流 n.交换,互换;汇兑,兑换率exclaim [iks'kleim]v.大声说,呼喊,惊叫exclude [iks'klu:d]vt.把...除外,不包括execute ['eksikju:t]vt.执行;处决executive [ig'zekjutiv]a.执行的,行政的 n.执行者,行政官;总经理,董事exemption [ig'zemp54n]n.豁免,免税额exhaust [ig'z3:st]n.排气装置;废气 vt.耗尽;使精疲力竭;详尽论述exhibit [ig'zibit]vt.展览,陈列;显示,显出 n.展品expand [iks'p1nd]vt./vi.扩大;扩张;膨胀expenditure [iks'pendit54]n.支出,开支;支出额,花费,费用expense [iks'pens]n.花费,经费;(pl.)费用expire [iks'pai4]v.满期,终止;去世,断气explode [iks'pl4ud]v.爆炸,爆发;激增,迅速扩大exploit ['ikspl3it]vt.剥削;利用;开发 n.(pl.)业绩,功绩explore [iks'pl3:]vt.勘探,探测;探察,探索explosive [iks'pl4usiv]a.爆炸性的,易爆炸的;极易引起争论的 n.炸药,爆炸物expose [iks'p4uz]vt.使暴露;(to)使处于...作用之下;揭露extend [iks'tend]vt.延长,延伸;扩大;给予 vi.伸展,扩大,(在范围或应用上)达到,延续extensive [iks'tensiv]a.广泛的,广博的;广阔的extent [iks'tent]n.程度,范围;广度,宽度,大小external [eks't4:nl]a.外面的,外部的,外表的extraordinary [iks'tr3:din4ri]a.非同寻常的,特别的extreme [iks'tri:m]a.极度的,极端的;尽头的,末端的 n.极端facility [f4'siliti]n.(pl.)设施(备);便利,容易,方便faint [feint]a.模糊的,不清楚的;虚弱的,无力的;眩晕的 vi.发晕,昏倒 n.昏厥faithful ['fei7f4l]a.忠诚的,忠实的;如实的,可靠的;尽职的,责任心强的fake [feik]n.伪造品vt.伪造,假冒 a.假的,伪造的,冒充的false [f3:ls]a.错误的,不正确的;虚伪的,不老实的;假的,人造的familiar [f4'milj4]a.熟悉的,通晓的;随便的,不拘礼仪的;冒昧的,放肆的famine ['f1min]n.饥荒fare [fe4]n.车(船)费 v.过日子,进展fashion ['f154n]n.时髦,流行式样;方式fasten ['f2:sn]v.结牢,拴住;使固定fatal ['feitl]a.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的fatigue [f4'ti:g]n.疲乏,劳累 vt./vi.(使)疲劳faulty ['f3:lti]a.有错误的,有缺点的feasible ['fi:zibl]a.可行的feast [fi:st]n.节日;宴会 v.设宴,参加宴会feature ['fi:t54]n.特征,特色;(pl.)容貌;特写,专题节目;故事片 vt./vi.突出,由...主演;其重要作用,作为主要角色federal ['fed4r4l]a.联邦的fee [fi:]n.费用;酬金;学费feedback ['fi:db1k]n.反馈fertile ['f4:tail]a.肥沃的,富饶的,多产的;(想象力或创造力)丰富的fertilizer ['f4:tilaiz4]n.肥料fierce [fi4s]a.凶猛的,残忍的;狂热地,极度的;猛烈的,强烈的figure ['fig4]n.数字;轮廓;人物;图表;(pl.)算术,计算 v.想出,领会到finance ['fain1ns,fi'n1ns]n.财政(学),金融;(常pl.)财源,资金,财务情况 vt./vi.资助,为...提供资金fiscal ['fisk4l]a.国库的;财政的;金融的;会计的flame [fleim]n.火焰,火苗flash [fl15]v.闪烁;闪现;掠过 n.闪光,闪烁;闪光灯flat [fl1t]n.公寓住宅;一套房间 a.平坦的;扁平的,挺直的;单调的,乏味的;价格固定的,收费统一的ad.平直的;直截了当的,断然地flexible ['fleks4bl]a.易弯曲的;灵活的flock [fl3k]n.一群(飞禽、牲畜);众多 vi.群集,成群flourish ['fl8ri5]v.繁荣;兴旺fluctuation [`fl8ktju'ei54n]n.波动;(价格)涨落fluent ['flu(:)4nt]a.流利的,流畅的focus ['f4uk4s]v.聚焦;集中于 n.焦点;中心fold [f4uld]v.折叠,折起 n.折页;折痕forbid [f4'bid]vt.禁止;不许;阻止forecast ['f3:k2:st]vt./n.预测,预报foremost ['f3:m4ust]a.最初的,最前的forfeit ['f3:fit]n.罚金,罚款forgive [f4'giv]v.原谅,宽恕former ['f3:m4]a.以前的;在前的 n.前者fortunate ['f3:t54nit]a.幸运的,侥幸的frame [freim]n.框架;构架 vt.给...装框子;陷害,诬告;制定,表达freeze [fri:z]v.结冰,冻结 n.冻结;冰冻期frequency ['fri:kw4nsi]n.频率;频繁fresh [fre5]a.新的,新鲜的;新颖的;(水)淡的frighten ['fraitn]vt.吓唬;使惊恐frugal ['fru:g4l]a.节约的,俭朴的fulfil [ful'fil]vt.(=fulfill)履行,实现;满足,使满意function ['f86k54n]n.功能;重大聚会(宴会);函数,随他物变化而变化的事物 vi.起作用,运行fundamental [`f8nd4'mentl]a.基本的,根本的 n.基本原理(原则)furious ['fju4ri4s]a.狂怒的,猛烈的;强烈的,激烈的gain [gein]v.获得;增加;(指钟表)走快 n.获利,盈余;增加;上涨gamble ['g1mb4l]v./n.赌博;投机gang [g16]n.一群,一帮,一伙 vi.聚集,结成一伙gay [gei]a.愉快的;色彩鲜艳的;同性恋的 n.(尤指)同性恋者gaze [geiz]vi./n.凝视,盯,注视general ['d9en4r4l]a.总的,普遍的;一般的,普通的;笼统的,大体的 n.将军generate ['d9en4reit]vt.发生,产生;导致,引起generous ['d9en4r4s]a.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;丰富的,大量的genius ['d9i:nj4s]n.天才;天才人物gentle ['d9entl]a.温和的,文雅的;轻柔的;不陡的,坡度小的genuine ['d9enjuin]a.真正的,真实的;真诚的global ['gl4ub4l]a.全球性的;总的gloomy ['glu:mi]a.阴沉的;忧郁的;令人失望的glorious ['gl3:ri4s]a.光荣的;辉煌的;令人愉快地,极好的glue [glu:]n.胶水,胶 vt.胶合governor ['g8v4n4]n.总督,省长,美国州长;主管人员,理事,董事grace ['greis]n.优雅,优美;宽限;(pl.)风度,魅力vt.使优美,给...增光gradual ['gr1d9u4l]a.逐渐的,渐进的;坡度平缓的,不陡的graceful ['greisf4l]a.优美的,优雅的graduate ['gr1d9ueit,'gr1djuit]n.(大学)毕业生;研究生 vi.毕业,得学位a.研究的grant [gr2:nt]vt.同意,准许;授予 n.授予物grasp [gr2:sp]v./n.抓住;理解,掌握grateful ['greitful]a.感激的;感谢的gratitude ['gr1titju:d]n.感激,感谢grave [greiv]a.严肃的,庄重的;严重的 n.坟墓gravity ['gr1viti]n.重力,地心引力;庄重;严肃greedy ['gri:di]a.贪吃的,贪婪的;渴望的grieve [gri:v]vt.使悲伤,使伤心grip [grip]vt./vi.紧握,抓紧;吸引住..的注意 n.紧握,抓牢;控制,掌握gross [gr4us]a.总的;毛重的;严重的,显著的;粗俗的,粗野的;臃肿的 n.总额 vt.获得...的总收入guarantee [`g1r4n'ti:]n.保证;保证书;担保 vt.担保,保证guard [g2:d]n.看守,守兵;警戒,警备 vt./vi.守卫,保卫;防止,防范guidance ['gaid4ns]n.引导,指导guilty ['gilti]a.有罪的;内疚的gymnasium [d9im'neizj4m]n.(缩gym)体育馆,健身房haggle ['h1gl]vi.讨价还价;争论不休halt [h3:lt]v./n.停止;止步handful [h1ndful]n.一把;少数,一小撮handle ['h1ndl]n.柄,把手,拉手 vt.触,摸;操纵;处理,应付,对待handsome ['h1ns4m]a.漂亮的,英俊的;可观的;(女子)端庄健美的,好看的a.手边的;近便的,方便的;手巧的hardship ['h2:d5ip]n.艰难,困苦harmony ['h2:m4ni]n.和谐,融洽;调和haste [heist]n.匆忙,急速,仓促 vi./vt.赶快,匆忙hatred ['heitrid]n.敌意,憎恨,仇恨hazard ['h1z4d]n.危险;冒险 vt.冒...的风险;尝试着做(提出)headquarters ['hed`kw3:t4z]n.司令部,指挥部;总部heal [hi:l]vt./vi.治愈,愈合,恢复健康;调停,消除分歧等heap [hi:p]n.(一)堆;许多 vt.堆,堆起heighten ['haitn]v.加高,提高hesitate ['heziteit]vi.犹豫,迟疑;不情愿;含糊,支吾hinder ['hind4]v.阻止,妨碍hint [hint]n.暗示,提示;细微的迹象;建议 vt.暗示,示意hire ['hai4]vt.租用;雇用 n.雇佣,租用hobby ['h3bi]n.业余爱好,嗜好homesick ['h4umsik]a.想家的horizontal [`h3ri'z3ntl]a.横的,水平的hospitality [`h3spi't1liti]n.好客;殷勤host [h4ust]n.男主人;一大群;节目主持人hostile ['h3stail]a.敌方的;敌意的,敌对的humble ['h8mbl]a.谦卑的;地位或职务低下的;简陋的,低劣的 vt.降低,贬抑;使卑下hyperinflation [`haip4(:)rin'flei54n]n.恶性通货膨胀ideal [ai'di4l]n.理想;理想的东西 a.理想的,完美的;想象的,空想的;唯心的identify [ai'dentifai]vt.认出,鉴定;认为...等同于,认为...一致a.闲置的;懒散的;无用的,无效的 vi.懒散;虚度ignorant ['ign4r4nt]a.愚昧的,无知的;不知道的illegal [i'li:g4l]a.不合法的,非法的illicit [i'lisit]a.非法的,禁止的illiterate [i'lit4rit]n./a.文盲(的)illustrate ['il4streit]vt.说明;图解,例解image ['imid9]n.像;形象,映像,影像;形象,声誉;形象的描述,象征,比喻immense [i'mens]a.巨大的,广大的immigrant ['imigr4nt]n.移民,侨民 a.(从国外)移来的,移民的immunity [i'mju:niti]n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权impatient [im'pei54nt]a.急躁的,不耐烦的;热切的,急切的implication [`impli'kei54n]n.含意,暗示impose [im'p4uz]vt.强加;使负担;征税impress [im'pres]vt.使铭记;盖印,压印impressive [im'presiv]a.感人的,给人以深刻印象的incentive [in'sentiv]n.奖励,刺激,诱因incident ['insid4nt]n.发生的事;事变independent [`indi'pend4nt]a.独立的,自主的;无偏见的,中立的;不关联的,无关的indicate ['indikeit]vt.指出,表示;表明indignant [in'dign4nt]a.愤慨的,愤愤不平的indispensable [`indis'pens4bl]a.不可缺少的,必需的indulgence [in'd3ld94ns]n.付款延期industrious [in'd4stri4s]a.勤劳的,勤奋的inefficient [`ini'fi54nt]a.效率低的a.不可避免的,必然发生的infant ['inf4nt]n.婴儿,幼儿 a.婴儿的;幼稚的;初期的infer [in'f4:]vt.推论,推理inferior [in'fi4ri4]a.次的,低劣的;下级的 n.下级,下属inflate [in'fleit]vt.使通货膨胀,使物价上涨influential [`influ'en54l]a.有影响的;有势力的inhabitant [in'h1bit4nt]n.居民,住户initial [i'ni54l]a.最初的,开始的 n.首字母injection [in'd9ek54n]n.注射,打针,注入;注射剂injury ['ind94ri]n.损害,伤害;受伤处innocent ['in4snt]a.无辜的,无罪的;天真的;无害的,没有恶意的innovation [`in4u'vei54n]n.革新;新概念,新方法input ['input]n.输入,投入;输入物 vt.输入inquire [in'kwai4]vt.(=enquire)询问,打听inscribing [in'skraibi6]n.注册;买或卖股票;登记insert [in's4:t]vt.插入,嵌入insist [in'sist]v.坚持;坚决主张inspect [in'spekt]vt.视察;检查inspire [in'spai4]v.鼓励,鼓舞;使产生灵感installment [in'st3:lm4nt]n.分期付款;分期收款install [in'st3:l]vt.(=instal)安装,设置;使就职,任命instinct ['insti6kt]n.本能,直觉;天性institute ['institju:t]n.协会,学会;学院;研究所 vt.设立,设置,建立instruct [in'str8kt]vt.教,教授;指导,指示;通知n.仪器;工具;乐器insufficient [`ins4'fi54nt]a.不足的,不够的insult [in's8lt]vt./n.侮辱,凌辱insure [in'5u4]vt.保证;给...保险integrate ['intigreit]v.成为一体,使合并;求...的积分intellectual [`inti'lekt5u4l]n.知识分子 a.智力的intend [in'tend]vt.打算,意欲;打算使...成为,想让...做intense [in'tens]a.强烈;热烈的intensive [in'tensiv]a.加强的,深入细致的;集中的intention [in'ten54n]n.意图,意向,目的interaction [`int4r'1k54n]n.相互作用,相互影响;干扰interfere [`int4'fi4]vi.干涉,干扰;妨碍intermediary [`int4'mi:di4ri]n.中间商,中间人 a.中间的intermediate [`int4'mi:di4t]a.中间的;居中的;中级的 n.中间物,媒介物internal [in't4:nl]a.内部的;国内的;内心的interpret [in't4:prit]v.解释,说明;口译interrupt [`int4'r8pt]v.中断,打断;阻碍;打岔,插嘴interval ['int4v4l]n.间隔;间歇;(工间、课间)休息interview ['int4vju:]n.接见;面试;访问 vt.接见,会见,访问;面试invade [in'veid]vt.侵占;侵略;侵犯invalid [in'v1lid]a.病弱的,有病的;供病人用的;无效的,失效的,作废的 n.病人,伤病员inventory ['inv4nt4ri]n.存货清单;商品清单invest [in'vest]v.投资;投入(时间精力等);授予,赋予investigate [in'vestigeit]vt.调查,调查研究。
公共管理硕士MPA重要英语词汇一览force, enforce, reinforce, report, scope, spirit, decline, climate, lend to, accuse,afford, anxiety, atmosphere, blame, bargain, calculate, circle, confidence, conscious,convince, custom, desperate, encourage, discourage, economic, economy, motive, promote,emotional, motion, fail to, flat, install, intimate, limit, major, no matter, neutral,outlet, perform, inform, formal,normal, radiate, authority, companion, concept, create, creature, dentist, identify,identical, identity, engage, entitle, evaluate, fluid, influence, fortune, fulfill,general, intense, interpret, justice, adjust, judge, minor, observe, deserve, preserve,parallel, percept, stuff, surroundings, transport, transmit, transform, undergo, wander,wonder, widespread, ambition, approach, brief,conquer, result, consult, insult, deliberate,despair, compare, emergence, emergency, establish, exhaust, expand, fade, frustrate,handy, incredible, inherit, conference, infer, offer, interfere, length, manufacture,mood, necessity, noble, occasion, occasional, output, oversea, pattern, plunge, practice,practical, recognize, release, rescue, maintain, remain, obtain,entertain, rural, urban, similar to, trial, trail, witness, absolute, accumulate,in advance, advanced, advantage, agent, appeal, application, point, appoint, approximate,barrier, claim, climate, complicate, comprise, considerable, resume, consume, assume,contact, convict, crew, crucial, define, definite, deliver, disaster, disorder, diverse,economic, alert, exert, facility, faith,faithful, gap, sympathy, trace, track, visual, vision, worship, apparatus, brand,civil, clarity, declare, combine, connect, consider, insert, desert, drown, external,frank, press, impress, pressure, depress, express, indispensable, inspect, respect,prospect, perspective, peculiar, particular, likely, inquire, require, acquire, request,result , consult, insult, spray,announce, pronounce, apparent, boundary, frontier, nullity, debate, decrease, increase,reduce, include, conclude, exclude, federal, firm, forecast, foresee, grateful, integrate,divide, individual, fence, defense, offend, portion, proper, property, reputation,restrict, loyal, royal, spot, terminal, alter, alternate, alternative, concrete,consequent, explode, explore, exploit, hesitate,imagine, influence, innocent, guilty, persuade, possess, sample, support, vital,burden, elect, select, collect, collective, contribute, distribute, attribute, abuse,prejudice, avoid, escape, capture, compete, effort, enthusiasm, involve, evolve, imply,reply, multiply, issue, modify, occur, opponent, prefer, refer, publish, punish, rate,award, reward, shelter, skim,in spite of, temporary, vehicle, ancestor associate, refuse, confuse, describe, display,due to, error, essential, fresh, obvious, visible, invisible, previous, recall, relate,soil, spoil, stimulate, suffer, tense, accompany, analyze, conflict, convenient, derive,deprive, thrive, dominate, element, gallery, interval, lock, lack, match, ideal, reality,ignore, ignorant, independent,inspire, motion, promote, remote, motive, numerous, relevant, retreat, straight,suicide, trick, weigh, tempt, attempt, contract, attract, candidate, commercial,communicate, contain, coordinate, respond, correspond, emphasis, enclose, focus, instinct,investigate, invest, manner, mere, nerve, political, policy, reliable, resemble, assemble,shape, sophisticate, stain,strain, symbol, triumph, upright, vigorous, benefit, profit, characterize,circumstance, chain store, concentrate, delegate, diligent, dispute, estimate, factor,intentional, occupy, inject, reject, object, project, subject, scenery, survive, revive,temper, vary, accelerate, behave, concern, continue, deny, distance, insure, invade,mature, mental, monitor, mysterious, neglect,purpose, raw, refurbish, remove, restore, resort, scarcely, specific, target, alarm,approve, certify, certificate, frost, fund, genuine, intend, material, memory, primitive,propose, ruin, shadow, contrary, sufficient, accent, actually, adequate, anxious, attach,awkward, budget, capture, channel, circulate, community, company, consent, cooperate,cultivate, depart, devote,dismiss, distant, enhance, eventually, fierce, manage, overnight, passion, passive,postpone, progress, pursue, react, render, sense, treat, treaty, capacity, civilian,compel, contradiction, crack, curiosity, departure, devise, device, secure, accurate,depend, distinguish, plain, complain, explain, financial, hurt, injure, harm, destroy,ruin, comprise ,contain, embody ,subsume, construct, structure, isolate, labor, task,overlook, overcome, resist, insist, state, supreme, superior, volume, absorb, account,achieve, universal, convert, reverse, apply, applicable, applicant, application, broad,board, cancel, casual, cancer, classify, comfort, submit, permit, emit, complex, conduct,constant, core, demand, command, comment, commend,mental, recommend, mention, design, signal, significant, protect, detect, point,appoint, appointment, disappoint, duration, durable, employ, excess, exceed, success,succeed, process, proceed, false, impose, indicate, predict, opportunity, personal,pose, dispose, expose, suppose, oppose, compose, impose, deposit, poison, poverty,cautious, prove, improve, record, relieve,sincere, troop, upset, violent, welfare, abundant, advocate, affect, effect, effective,efficient, campaign, cause, commission, component, content, intention, crisis, critic,critical, destination, discard, discipline, anticipate, participate, principal, principle,familiar, feature, feasible, indifferent, provide, recover, standard, thorough, morally,virtually, deal with, copewith, doubt,执行, density, corporation, currency, current, demonstrate, countless,discount , extraordinary, graduate, gradually, precious, precise, appreciate, reluctant,unwilling, sharp, shape, source, strength, length, supply, drop, endure, evident, enormous,intensive, preference, produce, reflect, scale, semester, shift, talent, threat, typical,vain, volunteer,accomplish, analysis, assist, persist, insist, resist, consist, colony, confront,conventional, descend, donate, elementary, eliminate, frequent, incline, instant, merit,military, prevent, represent, restrain, academic, available, challenge, continent,elaborate, function, generous, illustrate, measure, narrow, option, phenomenon, prohibit,panic, pretend, prompt, regulate, shrink, swallow, uniform, artificial, creature,determine, distinct, encounter, environment, fatigueMPA英语常用短语词汇a series of 一系列,一连串 above all 首先,尤其是after all 毕竟,究竟 ahead of time 提前ahead of 在……之前 all right 令人满意的;可以all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了……都all of a sudden 突然 all over 遍及all over again 再一次,重新 all the time 一直,始终all the same 仍然,照样的 as regards 关于,至于anything but 根本不 as a matter of fact 实际上apart from 除……外(有/无) as a rule 通常,照例as a result(of)因此,由于 as far as ……be concerned 就……而言as far as 远至,到……程度 as for 至于,关于as follows 如下 as if 好像,仿佛as good as 和……几乎一样 as usual 像平常一样,照例as to 至于,关于 as well 同样,也,还as well as 除……外(也),即……又aside from 除……外(还有) at a loss 茫然,不知所措at a time 一次,每次 at all 丝毫(不),一点也不at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何at all times 随时,总是 at any rate 无论如何,至少at best 充其量,至多 at first 最初,起先at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 at hand 在手边,在附近at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家,在国内at intervals 不时,每隔…… at large 大多数,未被捕获的at least 至少 at last 终于at length 最终,终于 at most 至多,不超过at no time 从不,决不 by accident 偶然at one time 曾经,一度;同时 at present 目前,现在at sb“s disposal 任……处理 at the cost of 以……为代价at the mercy of 任凭……摆布 at the moment 此刻,目前at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或back and forth 来回地,反复地back of 在……后面 before long 不久以后beside point 离题的,不相干的 beyond question 毫无疑问by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法,务必by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然,碰巧by far 最,……得多 by hand 用手,用体力by itself 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reson of 由于by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于by way of 经由,通过……方法 due to 由于,因为each other 互相 even if/though 即使,虽然ever so 非常,极其 every now and then 时而,偶尔every other 每隔一个的 except for 除了……外face to face 面对面地 far from 远非,远离for ever 永远 for good 永久地for the better 好转 for the moment 暂时,目前for the present 暂时,目前 for the sake of 为了,为了……的利益for the time being 暂时,眼下 from time to time 有时,不时hand in hand 手拉手,密切关联 head on 迎面地,正面的heart and soul 全心全意地 how about ……怎么样in a hurry 匆忙,急于 in case of 假如,防备in a moment 立刻,一会儿 in a sense 从某种意义上说in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之,总之in accordance with 与……一致,按照in addition 另外,加之 in advance 预先,事先in addition to 除……之外(还)in all 总共,合计 in any case 无论如何in any event 无论如何 in brief 简单地说in charge of 负责,总管 in common 共用的,共有的in consequence(of)因此;由于 in debt 欠债,欠情in detail 详细地 in difficulty 处境困难in effect 实际上,事实上 in general 一般来说,大体上in favour of 支持,赞成 in front of 面对,在……前in half 成两半 in hand 在进行中,待办理in honour of 为庆祝,为纪念 in itself 本质上,就其本身而言in line with 与……一致 in memory of 纪念in no case 决不 in no time 立即,马上in no way 决不 in order 按顺序,按次序in other words 换句话说 in part 部分地in particular 特别,尤其 in person 亲自,本人in place 在合适的位置 in place of 代替,取代,交换in practice 在实践中,实际上 in proportion to 与……成比例in public 公开地,当众 in quantity 大量in question 正在谈论的 in regard to 关于,至于in relation to 关于,涉及 in return 作为报答/回报/交换in return for 作为对……报答 in short 简言之,总之in sight 被见到;在望 in spite of 尽管in step 齐步,合拍 in step with 与……一致/协调in tears 流着泪,在哭着 in the course of 在……期间/过程中in the distance 在远处 in the end 最后,终于in the event of 如果……发生,万一in the face of 即使;在……面前in the first place 首先 in the future 在未来in the least 丝毫,一点 in (the)light of 鉴于,由于in the way 挡道 in the world 究竟,到底in time 及时 in touch 联系,接触in turn 依次,轮流;转而 in vain 徒劳,白费力instead of 代替,而不是 just now 眼下;刚才little by little 逐渐地 lots of 许多2011 年在职 MPA 英语高频词汇1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。
MBA核心词汇(A)access (07V)n.入口;有权力做~toaccuse (06V)vt.谴责,指责;(of)控告,告发accustomeda.惯常的,通常的;(to)习惯于…的,适应了的achievevt.完成,达到(目的);得到,获得acquaintancen.(with)熟悉,熟知,相识,了解;熟人,相识的人acquirevt.取得,求得,获得,学得actuala.现实的,实际的,事实上的;现在的,目前的acutea.严重的,激烈的;敏锐的了;锐的,尖的;(疾病)急性的adaptvt.使适应;改编;改写vi.(to)适应additionala.追加的,附加的;另外的addressn.通讯处,地址;致词,讲话vt.向…致词(说话);在(信封或包裹上)写姓名地址,致函adequatea.充足的,足够的;适当的,胜任的adjustvt.(to)调整,调节;整理,使合适administrationn.经营,管理,支配;管理部门,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admirevt.钦佩;羡慕;赞赏;称赞,夸奖admit (07V)vt./vi.准许…进来,准许…加入;(to)承认,供认adoptvt./vi.采用,采纳,采取;正式通过,批准;收养(子女)advancevi.前进;取得进展;(价格等)上涨;促进,推进,助长vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出(建议等)n.前进,进展,发展;预付;提前adventuren.冒险,奇遇;冒险活动advisablea.明智的;可取的;适当的advertisevt.为…做广告,宣传;(在报刊、电视、广播等中)公告,公布affectvt.影响affectionn.喜爱,慈爱,感情,爱慕之情affiliatevt./vi.(使…)加入,联合;(to,with)使隶属(附属)于n.附属公司;分公司affordvt.(与can,could,be able to连用)买得起,花得起(时间);提供,给予agencyn.代理行,代办处,经销店;(政府等的)专业行政部门agentn.代理人,代理商,经纪人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂aggressionn.侵略,进攻aidvt.帮助,援助n.帮助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段alarmn.警报,警报器,警铃;惊恐,忧虑vt.向…报警;使惊慌,使不安,惊吓alienationn.转让,让渡alikea.(常作表语)相似的,同样的,相像的allocationn.分配;拨款(权)alterv.改变,变更amateura.业余的;非职业的;外行的n.业余爱好者,业余运动员;外行amazev.使惊奇,使惊叹ambitionn.雄心,野心;期望得到的东西ambulancen.救护车,救护船,救护飞机amendmentn.修正;赔款amusev.逗乐;给…提供娱乐analysisn.分析;分析报告ancestorn.祖宗,祖先;原型,先驱ancienta.古代的;古老的annoyvt.使烦恼,使生气;打扰annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴annuityn.年金;养老金anticipatevi.预料,期望;先于…行动;提前使用apartad.离去,分开;(空间、时间)成距离,相隔;除去apparenta.(to)显然的,明显的;表面上的,外表的,貌似(真实)的appealvi.(to)呼吁,恳求;(against)申诉;(to)求助于,诉诸于n.(to)要求,呼吁;上诉,申诉;吸引力appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望applicablea.(to)可适用的,可实施的;适当的,合适的appointvt.任命,约定,指定(时间、地点)appraisaln.评价,估量,估价appreciatevt./vi.欣赏,重视,赏识;为…表示感激;增值approachvi./vt.(to)靠近,接近n.接近;途径;方法appropriaten.拨出(款项等);占用,挪用 a. (to)适当的,恰当的approvevt./vi.(of)赞成,赞同;批准,对…表示认可argumentn.辩论,争论,争吵;(from,against)论据,理由arisevi.出现;(from)由…引起,由…产生,起源于arousev.唤醒;引起;激起artificiala.人造的,人工的;人为的,矫柔造作的ashameda.(常用做表语)惭愧的,害臊的,羞耻的aspectn.方面;外表;(建筑物的)朝向,方向assemblevt./vi.集合;装配assessmentn.评估;确定金额assetn.有价值的人,优点,长处;(pl.)资产,财产assignvt.(to)指派,指定;(to)分配;指定(时间、地点等)assistv.援助,协助associatevt./vi.(with)(在思想上)把…联系在一起;使联想n.伙伴,合作人 a.副的assume (08V)vt.假定,设想;承担,担任,就职;呈现,具有,采取assurevt.(of)使确信,使放心;保证给,确保astonishvt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员attachvt.系上;使附属;加于….上;使依恋,使喜爱attemptvt.尝试,企图,开始做n. 努力,尝试attendancen.出席;出席人数attorneyn.代理人;律师attract (06V)v. 吸引audiencen.听众,观众,读者authorityn.权力;权威,专家;行政管理机构,当权者;(pl.)当局automatica.自动的;无意识的,机械的n. 自动机械availablea.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可以见到的,随时可来的averagea.平均的;一般的,通常的n.平均(数);一般水平,平均水平v.平均为avoidvt.避免;避开awakev.唤醒;(使)觉醒;醒悟到,认识到 a.醒着的awarea.意识到的,知道的awardvt.颁奖,授予n.奖,奖品awfula.极坏的;可怕的;极度的;感到难过的,不舒服的awkwarda.笨拙的;尴尬的;棘手MBA核心词汇(B)baggagen.行李bann./vt.禁止,禁令,取缔bandn.乐队;带子;波段;一群,一伙vt.绑扎bankruptn.破产者vt.使破产 a.破产的;彻底缺乏的bare (06V)a.赤裸的,光秃的;仅有的vt.裸露,露出barriern.栅栏;障碍;关卡bargainn.契约,合同交易;便宜货;成交商品vt.讨价还价basisn.基础,根据beforehandad.预先,事先behalfn.利益,方面belongvi.属于;隶属,是…的一员;应归入(类别、派别、范畴等)beneficiala.有益的,有利的benefitn.利益,好处;救济金,保险金v.得益;有益于bidv.投标;命令,吩咐;说(问候的话);祝愿;n.出价,报价billn.帐单,清单;钞票;票据;议案,法案blamevt.责备,责怪;(on,onto)把…归咎于n.责任,过失;指责blanka.空白的;茫然的n.空白(处),空格bleak (08V)adj. 惨淡的blockn.块;街区;障碍物;大楼,一排房屋vt.阻塞,封锁bloomn.花朵;开花期vi. 开花boardn.木板,纸板;甲板,船舷;伙食;董事会vt.上飞机(或船、车);供应伙食boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀;有…可以夸耀,自豪地拥有n.自夸,自吹自擂bolda.大胆的;冒失的;黑体字的bondn.契约;结合物,粘结剂;债券bonusn.奖金;红利;额外津贴boomn.低沉的隆隆声;营业等的激增,经济迅速发展vi./vt.雷、炮等发出隆隆声;兴隆,迅速发展bordern.边;边界,国界v.给…加上边,围;与…接壤(毗邻)borevt.使厌烦;钻(孔)打眼,凿通n.令人厌烦的人或事;孔,孔道bounda.必定的;受约束的,有义务的;准备到…去的,开往…的vi.跳跃,跳跃着前进;跳回,反弹vt. 成为…的界限,给…划界限n. 分界线,边界;界限,范围boundaryn.分界线;边界brainn.大脑;(pl.)智力;脑髓breedv.生仔,繁殖;饲养;产生,引起;养育,教养n.(牲畜等的)品种,种类bribev.贿赂,向…行贿n. 贿赂,行贿briefa.简短的;短暂的vt.作简要介绍burdenn.重担,负担;重负,负荷;船的装载量briden.新娘bureaun.(机构的)局,部,办事处burstv.使爆炸;(in,out)突然发生;(芽、蕾等)绽开n.爆炸;裂口,决口by businessn.副业,兼职by lawn.公司章程;细则,附则byproductn.副产品MBA核心词汇(C)cabinetn.橱柜;政府内阁calculatev.计算;推算;计划campaignn.战役;运动vi.参加运动,参加竞选cancelvt.取消;删去;抵消candidaten.报考者;候选人capablea.有能力的;能…的capacity (07V)n.容量;能力;身份,职位capture (06V)vt.捉拿;俘获;夺取n.俘获,俘虏;战利品,俘虏物careern.经历,生涯;职业,专业cargo n.货物,船货case n.事实,情况;病例;案件,案例;盒(箱)子;壳子,套子,鞘cash n.现金,现款v.兑现,付现casuala.偶然的;随便的;临时的,不定期的;不经意的,随便的cautionn.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫;注意事项v.警告,劝某人小心;告诫ceasev.停止,结束celebratevt.庆祝;颂扬,赞美vi.庆祝,过节cementn.水泥;胶粘剂vt.粘接;巩固centigraden./a.摄氏温度(的);百分度的ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certificaten.证(明)书;单据challengevt.向…挑战;公然反对,反抗;对…质疑,对…怀疑n.挑战(书);艰巨的任务;怀疑,质问characteristica.特有的,典型的n.特征,特性chargev.索价;控告;充电n.费用;指控;充电,电荷charminga.可爱的,迷人的chasevt./n.追猎,追赶checkvt.检查,核对;制止n.检查,核对;支票;帐单;方格图案chequen.check支票chiefa.首要的,主要的;为首的,总的n.领袖,首领,长官;头目,酋长chillya.寒冷的choren.(pl.)家庭杂务circulatev.循环;流通;流传circumstancen.(常pl.)情况,条件,环境,情形;(pl.)境况,经济状况;详情,事实civilizationn.文明,文化;开化claimvt.对…提出要求,索取;声称,主张;索赔;(灾难等)使失踪或死亡;需要,值得n.(对于权利的)要求,认真,索赔;声称,断言classicala.经典的,古典的classifyvt.把…分等级;分类clientn.委托人;顾客cluen.线索;思路;暗示coarsea.粗糙的;粗俗的collapsev./n.倒塌;崩溃;(价格)暴跌;倒闭,破产colleaguen.同事,同僚collectivea.集体的;共同的n.集体,团体combinev.结合;化合commandv.命令,指挥n.命令;掌握,运用能力commentn./vi.评论,意见;注释commerciala.商业的,商务性的;商品化的n.商业广告commissionn.委任状;授权,委托;佣金,回扣;委员会vt.委托,委任commitvt.犯(错、罪);(oneself)使承担义务;(to)把…交托给,把…提交给committeen.委员会,全体委员commodityn.日用品;商品communicatev.交流,交际;传播;通信联络communityn.社区,社会;团体,共同体;(动植物的)群落companyn.公司;陪伴;客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)伙comparev.比较;把…比作compelvt.强迫compensatev.(损坏)赔偿,补偿;抵消competevi.比赛;竞争complaintn.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病complexa.复杂的,难懂的;综合的n.综合企业,综合体;情节complicateda.复杂的,难懂的其composev.由…组成;写作,作曲;使平静,使镇静compounda.复合的;合成的n.化合物;复合词(句)vt.使恶化,加重;使化合,使合成comprehensivea.综合的,广泛的;有理解力的,理解的compressvt.压缩,浓缩;摘要叙述compromisen./vi.妥协,折衷vt.危及,放弃(原则,理想等)concealv.隐藏,隐瞒;对…保密concentratev.集中,专心;浓缩concern (06V)n.关系;关心;有关系的事;公司,商号vt.涉及;使担心,使挂念concretea.具体的,实质性的n.混凝土vt.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemnvt.谴责;宣判condensev.凝结;压缩;精简conductn.举止,行为v.处理;引导;导电,传热confessv.承认,坦白;忏悔confidencen.信任,信心;秘密,机密confidenta.有信心的,自信的;确信的,肯定的confirmvt.证实,肯定;进一步证实(确定);批准;使更坚固,使更坚定conflictn.抵触;争执;冲突vi.冲突,抵触confrontv.迎面遇到,遭遇;勇敢地面对,正视;使对质,使当面对证confusevt.搞乱,使混乱;使困惑,把…弄胡涂;混淆,把…混同congressn.(代表)大会,正式会议;国会conquervt.征服;战胜,克服(困难、恶习等),破处(坏习惯等)conscience (06V)n.良心conscious (06V)a.有意识的;头脑清醒的;自觉的consentvi./n.同意;答应consequence (06V)n.后果,影响;重要性conservativea.保守的n.保守的人;保守派considerate (06V)a.考虑周到的;体谅的consistvi.由…组成;存在于;与…一致consolidationn.企业合并constant (06V)a.始终如一的;经常的;不变的,固定的n.常数,恒量constitution (06V)n.宪法;体质;构成consult (06V)vt.商量;请教,找…商议;参考(地图),查看(词典)consumevt.消耗,消费;吃完,喝光;使着迷,充满consumptionn.消耗;消费;消费量contactn.接触,联系vt.接触,联系containvt.包含,容纳;等于,相等于;控制,抑制contemporarya.当代的;同时代的n.同时代人,同辈contentn.含量;(pl.)所容纳的东西;内容,目录;满足,满意 a.满足的,满意的vt.使满足,使满意contestv./n.比赛,竞争;争论,争辩continuala.连续不断的;频繁的contractn.合同,契约;包工v.订合同;缩短,缩写contradictionn.矛盾;反驳contributev.贡献出;投稿;有助于conveniencen.便利,方便;(pl.)便利设施,方便的用具conventionn.公约;习俗;大会conventionala.惯例的,常规的;传统的,规范的convertvt.使转变,使转化;使…改变信仰conveyvt.搬运,运送(旅客、货物等);传达(消息,思想等);传播(声音等)convince (06V)vt.使信服,使确信cooperatevt.合作,协作;相配合coordinatevt.协调,调节copevi.对付;妥善处理correspondvi.符合;相当于;通信corrupta.腐败的,贪赃舞弊的v.腐蚀;使堕落costlya.昂贵的;代价高的countern.计算器;柜台 a./ad.相反的v.对抗,反驳counterfeitv./n.伪造,假冒n.假货,伪造品coursen.课程;过程;一道菜;课程,教程;行动方针,做法courtn.法院;院子;球场;宫廷,朝廷crashv.倒下,碰撞,坠落;发出撞击声;垮台,破产n.轰隆声,哗啦声;飞机坠毁声credit [n.信用,信任;信用贷款,赊欠;声望,名誉;光荣,功劳;学分vt.信用,信任;把…记入贷方;把…归于criminaln.罪犯,刑事犯 a.犯罪的,刑事的critical (07V)a.决定性的,关键性的;批评的,批判的;危急的,紧要的crudea.天然的;生的,未熟的;粗野的cruela.残酷的,残忍的crushv.压碎;镇压cultivatevt.耕作;栽培;培养cunninga.狡猾的,狡诈的cupboardn.碗橱curbn.场外证券市场,场外交易vt.制止,抑制curevt.纠正;治愈n.治愈;疗法,良药curiosityn.好奇,好奇心;古董,奇物,古玩currencyn.货币;通用,流通cyclen.周期;循环;自行(摩托)车vi.骑车;循环MBA核心词汇(D)damagen.损害,毁坏;(pl.)损害赔偿费vt.损害,损伤dashv.猛冲,飞奔;浇,泼,溅n.猛冲,突进;破折号deadlya.致命的,致死的;不共戴天的,殊死的;非常的,极度的ad.死一般的;非常地,极度地dealern.买卖人,商人;经销商,证券商debaten./v.讨论;辩论deceivev.欺骗,蒙骗decenta.正派的;体面的,得体的;宽厚的,大方的decline (06V, 06V,)vt./vi.拒绝,谢绝;下降,太阳落山;衰退,衰落n.下降,减少,衰弱decoratevt.装饰,装潢decreasev./n.减少,减小deductv.扣除;减去defaultn.不负责;缺席;拖欠v.不履行,不负责任;缺席,不到案;拖欠债务defectsn.不合格品deficitn.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差definevt.解释(定义),下定义;规定definitea.明确的,确定的;一定的,肯定的;限定的delayn./v.推迟,延误,耽搁delegationn.代表团delicatea.娇嫩的;精细的;微妙的;易碎的,脆弱的deliciousa.美味的,芬芳的;怡人的,有趣的delightv.使欣喜,使高兴n.快乐,高兴;使人高兴的东西(人)delivervt.投递,送交;发表;分娩;给予(打击等);解救,拯救demandvt./n.要求;需要;询问,查询democracyn.民主政治,民主主义的;民主国家;民主,民主制demonstratev.证明;演示;示威游行;现实,表露densea.密的,密集的;密度大的deny (06V)vt.否认;拒绝departvi.离开,出发;背离,违反dependenta.依靠的,依赖的;随…而定的,由…决定的depositvt.使沉淀,使沉积;存放,寄放;储蓄n.存款;押金;沉淀depreciationn.折旧;价值下降depressionn.不景气,萧条;抑郁,情绪低落;洼地;低气压deprive (06V)vi.剥夺,使丧失derive (06V)v.从…得到;源自desertn.沙漠vt.遗弃;擅自离开deservevt.应受;值得designv.设计,构思;预定,指定n.设计(图样),构思;图谋,企图;图样,图案desirablea.值得拥有的,值得向的;有利的,可取的desperatea.(因绝望而)不顾一切的,孤注一掷的;绝望的,危急的;极向往的,极需要的destroy (06V)v. 破坏destructionn.破坏;消灭detectvt.察觉,发现;侦察,探测determinationn.决心;确定,测定devaluen.贬值devotevt.将…奉献给;把…专用于dictationn.口授笔录;听写digestvt.消化(食物);领会n.文摘,摘要diligenta.勤奋的,用功的disappear (06V)v.消失disappointvt.使失望,使扫兴;使计划受挫折,使落空disastern.灾难,天灾;彻底的失败dischargevt.允许…离开,释放,解雇;放出,排出,发射;释放;卸(货),下(车)n.放出;排出;放出,放电;卸(货),下(客)disciplinen.训练,训导;纪律,风纪;学科;惩罚,处分vt.训练,训导;惩罚,处罚disclosevt.使显露;揭发,泄漏discountn.(卖方给买方的)折扣,折价;贴现;不考虑,漠视vt.给…打折扣;给期票贴现;不重视,不理会,低估diseasen.疾病;不健全,弊端disguisevt.化妆,假扮;隐瞒,掩饰;伪装n.伪装,隐瞒;用来伪装的东西(行动)dismissvt.免职,解雇;解散;不考虑;驳回,不受理disputev.争论,辩论n.争论,辩驳;争端dissolvev.溶解;(使)融化;解散distincta.不同的;明显的,清楚的distinguishv.(from)区别,区分;看出,听出;(oneself)使杰出,使扬名distributevt.(to)分发,分配;分布disturbvt.打扰;使烦恼;弄乱,打乱dividendn.红利,股息;(pl.)回报,效益;被除数divorcen.离婚;分离vt.同…离婚;分离,脱离documentn.公文,文件vt.用文件(文献)等证明,记载domestica.家庭的;驯养的;国内的dormitoryn.(缩dorm)(集体)宿舍draftn.草稿;汇票;征兵,服役;通风,气流vt.起草,草拟;征募dramatica.戏剧性的;引人注目的;戏剧的,剧本的n.(pl.)戏剧表演,演出dreadn./v.害怕,恐惧drownv.淹死;淹没drugn.药物;(pl.)麻醉药;毒品vt.用药麻醉duea.预定的;应给的,应得的;到期的;应有的dumba.哑的;沉默的dumpvt.倾倒;倾销n.垃圾堆durablea.持久的,耐久的durationn.持久;持续时间duskn.黄昏,傍晚MBA核心词汇(E)earningsn.(常pl.)收入,收益;利润earnesta.诚挚的,认真的,热心的easen.容易;舒适,安心v.减轻,缓和,放松economicala.节约的;节俭的;经济的editionn.版,版次;版本editorn.编辑,编者effectn.结果,效果;作用,影响;(pl.)个人财务vt.实现,使生效,引起efficiencyn.效率;功效elementarya.基本的;初级的,初等的elevator n.电梯;升降机eliminatevt.消灭,消除;淘汰embarrassvt.使尴尬,使为难embezzlevt.贪污,盗用;挪用(公款、公物等)emergevi.出现;显露,产生emergency (08V)n.紧急情况,突然事件emitvt.发出,放射emphasizevt.(=emphasise)强调,着重,突出emphasisn.强调,重点employvt.雇用;使用enclosuren.附件(随函);围墙,围栏encountervt.遭遇到,遇上n.遭遇,遇到endure (08V)v.忍耐,忍受;持续;持续enforcevt.实施,实行;强制执行engagev.使从事;聘用;订婚enhance (07V)v.提高enormousa.巨大的,庞大的ensurevt.保证,确保enterprisen.事业心;企业,单位,公司;事业,计划entertainv.款待;娱乐enthusiasmn.热情,热心;巨大兴趣,热衷的事物entitlevt.给…权利;给…定名entry (07V)n.进入(抽象)envyn.嫉妒,羡慕;嫉妒的对象,羡慕的目标vt.(at,of)嫉妒,羡慕equalityn.同等,平等escapevt./vi.逃跑;逃避;(液体等)泄漏,溢出n.逃跑essentiala.必不可少的;本质的n.(常pl.)要素,要点;必需品establishvt.建立,创立;确立,证实estimatevt.估计;评价evaluatevt.评价,估价,求…的值evasionn.逃避;偷漏(税)eventuallyad.终于,最后evidencen.根据,证据;行迹evidenta.明显的,显而易见的evolutionn.进化;演变exceed (08V)vt.超过,胜过exchangev.交换,兑换;交流n.交换,互换;汇兑,兑换率exclaimv.大声说,呼喊,惊叫exclude (08V)vt.把…除外,不包括exert (07V)v.强加于,施加于executevt.执行;处决executivea.执行的,行政的n.执行者,行政官;总经理,董事exemptionn.豁免,免税额exhaustn.排气装置;废气vt.耗尽;使精疲力竭;详尽论述exhibitvt.展览,陈列;显示,显出n.展品expandvt./vi.扩大;扩张;膨胀expel (06V)v. 驱除出境,开除expendituren.支出,开支;支出额,花费,费用expensen.花费,经费;(pl.)费用expirev.满期,终止;去世,断气explodev.爆炸,爆发;激增,迅速扩大exploitvt.剥削;利用;开发n.(pl.)业绩,功绩explorevt.勘探,探测;探察,探索explosivea.爆炸性的,易爆炸的;极易引起争论的n.炸药,爆炸物exposevt.使暴露;(to)使处于…作用之下;揭露extend (08V)vt.延长,延伸;扩大;给予vi.伸展,扩大,(在范围或应用上)达到,延续extensivea.广泛的,广博的;广阔的extentn.程度,范围;广度,宽度,大小externala.外面的,外部的,外表的extinct (07V)adj. 熄灭的;绝种的extraordinarya.非同寻常的,特别的extremea.极度的,极端的;尽头的,末端的n.极端MBA核心词汇(F)facilityn.(pl.)设施(备);便利,容易,方便fade (06V)v.消失fainta.模糊的,不清楚的;虚弱的,无力的;眩晕的vi.发晕,昏倒n.昏厥faithfula.忠诚的,忠实的;如实的,可靠的;尽职的,责任心强的faken.伪造品vt.伪造,假冒 a.假的,伪造的,冒充的falsea.错误的,不正确的;虚伪的,不老实的;假的,人造的familiara.熟悉的,通晓的;随便的,不拘礼仪的;冒昧的,放肆的faminen.饥荒faren.车(船)费v.过日子,进展fashionn.时髦,流行式样;方式fastenv.结牢,拴住;使固定fatala.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的fatiguen.疲乏,劳累vt./vi.(使)疲劳faultya.有错误的,有缺点的feasiblea.可行的feastn.节日;宴会v.设宴,参加宴会featuren.特征,特色;(pl.)容貌;特写,专题节目;故事片vt./vi.突出,由…主演;其重要作用,作为主要角色federala.联邦的feen.费用;酬金;学费feedbackn.反馈fertile (08V)a.肥沃的,富饶的,多产的;(想象力或创造力)丰富的fertilizern.肥料fiercea.凶猛的,残忍的;狂热地,极度的;猛烈的,强烈的figure n.数字;轮廓;人物;图表;(pl.)算术,计算v.想出,领会到financen.财政(学),金融;(常pl.)财源,资金,财务情况vt./vi.资助,为…提供资金fiscala.国库的;财政的;金融的;会计的flamen.火焰,火苗flash (06V)v.闪烁;闪现;掠过n.闪光,闪烁;闪光灯flatn.公寓住宅;一套房间 a.平坦的;扁平的,挺直的;单调的,乏味的;价格固定的,收费统一的ad.平直的;直截了当的,断然地flexible (08V)a.易弯曲的;灵活的flockn.一群(飞禽、牲畜);众多vi.群集,成群flourishv.繁荣;兴旺fluctuationn.波动;(价格)涨落fluenta.流利的,流畅的focusv.聚焦;集中于n.焦点;中心foldv.折叠,折起n.折页;折痕forbidvt.禁止;不许;阻止forecastvt./n.预测,预报foremosta.最初的,最前的forfeitn.罚金,罚款forgivev.原谅,宽恕formera.以前的;在前的n.前者fortunatea.幸运的,侥幸的framen.框架;构架vt.给…装框子;陷害,诬告;制定,表达freezev.结冰,冻结n.冻结;冰冻期frequencyn.频率;频繁fresha.新的,新鲜的;新颖的;(水)淡的frightenvt.吓唬;使惊恐frugala.节约的,俭朴的fulfilvt.(=fulfill)履行,实现;满足,使满意functionn.功能;重大聚会(宴会);函数,随他物变化而变化的事物vi.起作用,运行fundamentala.基本的,根本的n.基本原理(原则)furiousa.狂怒的,猛烈的;强烈的,激烈的MBA核心词汇(G)gainv.获得;增加;(指钟表)走快n.获利,盈余;增加;上涨gamblev./n.赌博;投机gangn.一群,一帮,一伙vi.聚集,结成一伙gaya.愉快的;色彩鲜艳的;同性恋的n.(尤指)同性恋者gazevi./n.凝视,盯,注视generala.总的,普遍的;一般的,普通的;笼统的,大体的n.将军generatevt.发生,产生;导致,引起generous (06V)a.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;丰富的,大量的genius (06V)n.天才;天才人物gentlea.温和的,文雅的;轻柔的;不陡的,坡度小的genuine (06V)a.真正的,真实的;真诚的globala.全球性的;总的gloomya.阴沉的;忧郁的;令人失望的gloriousa.光荣的;辉煌的;令人愉快地,极好的gluen.胶水,胶vt.胶合governorn.总督,省长,美国州长;主管人员,理事,董事gracen.优雅,优美;宽限;(pl.)风度,魅力vt.使优美,给…增光graduala.逐渐的,渐进的;坡度平缓的,不陡的gracefula.优美的,优雅的graduaten.(大学)毕业生;研究生vi.毕业,得学位a.研究的grantvt.同意,准许;授予n.授予物graspv./n.抓住;理解,掌握gratefula.感激的;感谢的gratituden.感激,感谢gravea.严肃的,庄重的;严重的n.坟墓gravityn.重力,地心引力;庄重;严肃greedya.贪吃的,贪婪的;渴望的grievevt.使悲伤,使伤心gripvt./vi.紧握,抓紧;吸引住的注意n.紧握,抓牢;控制,掌握grossa.总的;毛重的;严重的,显著的;粗俗的,粗野的;臃肿的n.总额vt.获得…的总收入guaranteen.保证;保证书;担保vt.担保,保证guardn.看守,守兵;警戒,警备vt./vi.守卫,保卫;防止,防范guidancen.引导,指导guiltya.有罪的;内疚的gymnasiumn.(缩gym)体育馆,健身房MBA核心词汇(H)hagglevi.讨价还价;争论不休haltv./n.停止;止步handfuln.一把;少数,一小撮handlen.柄,把手,拉手vt.触,摸;操纵;处理,应付,对待handsomea.漂亮的,英俊的;可观的;(女子)端庄健美的,好看的handya.手边的;近便的,方便的;手巧的hardshipn.艰难,困苦harmonyn.和谐,融洽;调和hasten.匆忙,急速,仓促vi./vt.赶快,匆忙hatredn.敌意,憎恨,仇恨hazardn.危险;冒险vt.冒…的风险;尝试着做(提出)headquartersn.司令部,指挥部;总部healvt./vi.治愈,愈合,恢复健康;调停,消除分歧等heapn.(一)堆;许多vt.堆,堆起heightenv.加高,提高hesitatevi.犹豫,迟疑;不情愿;含糊,支吾hinderv.阻止,妨碍hintn.暗示,提示;细微的迹象;建议vt.暗示,示意hirevt.租用;雇用n.雇佣,租用hobbyn.业余爱好,嗜好hollow (06V)adj. 中空的homesicka.想家的horizontala.横的,水平的hospitality n.准确,精确humblea.谦卑的;地位或职务低下的;简陋的,低劣的vt.降低,贬抑;使卑下hyperinflationn.恶性通货膨胀MBA核心词汇(I)idealn.理想;理想的东西a.理想的,完美的;想象的,空想的;唯心的identifyvt.认出,鉴定;认为...等同于,认为...一致idlea.闲置的;懒散的;无用的,无效的vi.懒散;虚度ignoranta.愚昧的,无知的;不知道的illegala.不合法的,非法的illicita.非法的,禁止的illiteraten./a.文盲(的)illustratevt.说明;图解,例解imagen.像;形象,映像,影像;形象,声誉;形象的描述,象征,比喻immensea.巨大的,广大的immigrantn.移民,侨民a.(从国外)移来的,移民的immunityn.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权impatienta.急躁的,不耐烦的;热切的,急切的impact (07V)n. 影响implication (07V)n.含意,暗示imposevt.强加;使负担;征税impress (07V)vt.使铭记;盖印,压印impressivea.感人的,给人以深刻印象的incentiven.奖励,刺激,诱因incidentn.发生的事;事变incline (06V)v.倾向于independenta.独立的,自主的;无偏见的,中立的;不关联的,无关的indicatevt.指出,表示;表明indignanta.愤慨的,愤愤不平的indispensablea.不可缺少的,必需的indulgencen.付款延期industriousa.勤劳的,勤奋的inefficienta.效率低的inevitablea.不可避免的,必然发生的infantn.婴儿,幼儿a.婴儿的;幼稚的;初期的infervt.推论,推理inferiora.次的,低劣的;下级的n.下级,下属inflatevt.使通货膨胀,使物价上涨influentiala.有影响的;有势力的inhabitant (07V)n.居民,住户inhale (07V)V. 吸入inherite (07V)v.继承initiala.最初的,开始的n.首字母injectionn.注射,打针,注入;注射剂injuryn.损害,伤害;受伤处innocenta.无辜的,无罪的;天真的;无害的,没有恶意的innovationn.革新;新概念,新方法inputn.输入,投入;输入物vt.输入implication (07V)n. 暗示,提示inquirevt.(=enquire)询问,打听inscribingn.注册;买或卖股票;登记insertvt.插入,嵌入insistv.坚持;坚决主张inspectvt.视察;检查inspire (06V)v.鼓励,鼓舞;使产生灵感installmentn.分期付款;分期收款installvt.(=instal)安装,设置;使就职,任命instinct (07V)n.本能,直觉;天性instituten.协会,学会;学院;研究所vt.设立,设置,建立instructvt.教,教授;指导,指示;通知instrumentn.仪器;工具;乐器insufficienta.不足的,不够的insultvt./n.侮辱,凌辱insurevt.保证;给...保险integratev.成为一体,使合并;求...的积分intellectualn.知识分子a.智力的intendvt.打算,意欲;打算使...成为,想让...做intense (07V)a.强烈;热烈的intensivea.加强的,深入细致的;集中的intentionn.意图,意向,目的interactionn.相互作用,相互影响;干扰interferevi.干涉,干扰;妨碍intermediaryn.中间商,中间人a.中间的intermediatea.中间的;居中的;中级的n.中间物,媒介物internala.内部的;国内的;内心的interpretv.解释,说明;口译interruptv.中断,打断;阻碍;打岔,插嘴intervaln.间隔;间歇;(工间、课间)休息interviewn.接见;面试;访问vt.接见,会见,访问;面试invadevt.侵占;侵略;侵犯invalida.病弱的,有病的;供病人用的;无效的,失效的,作废的n.病人,伤病员inventoryn.存货清单;商品清单investv.投资;投入(时间精力等);授予,赋予investigatevt.调查,调查研究invisiblea.看不见的,无形的involvevt.卷入,陷入;连累;包括isolatevt.孤立,隔离MBA核心词汇(J)jamv.压紧,被夹住;堵塞,拥挤;卡住不动;挤人n.果酱;阻塞,拥挤;卡住jealousa.妒忌的,嫉妒的;羡慕的;猜疑的;精心守护的jointn.连接处;关节a.共有的;联合的;合资的journalistn.记者,新闻工作者junkn.无用,无价值的东西,废物;(中国的)帆船vt.丢弃,废弃juniora.年少的;后进的,下级的;(年级、职位等)较低的;(美国四年制大学)三年级的n.年少者,晚辈;下级;三年级学生justicen.正义,公正;司法justifyvt.认为有理;证明正当MBA核心词汇(K)keena.锐利的;敏锐的;热心的;激烈的,强烈的kneelvi.跪着,下跪MBA核心词汇(L)lackn./v.缺乏,不足lagvi.落后,走得太慢n.滞后,时间上的间隔launchv.使(船)下水;发射;发动,开展;使开始从事n.发射,下水,新产品投产layoffn.临时解雇;关闭;停歇layoutn.布局;设计leaguen.联盟;社团leakv.渗漏;泄漏n.漏洞leanv.倾斜;依靠,靠在...上a.瘦的,无脂肪的leapvi.跳,跃;飞跃,跃进;急速行动,冲n.跳,跳跃;激增,突变leaseholdn.租赁,租约;租赁权;租赁期a.租(来)的leavev.离开;留下;遗忘,丢下;听任;交给n.同意,许可;假期,准假legala.合法的;正当的legendn.传说,传奇;传奇人物leisuren.空闲;悠闲,安逸lessenv.减少;减轻;贬低lestconj.唯恐;以免liablea.易于...的,有...倾向的;有义务的,有法律责任的;可能的,大概的liberala.大方的,宽容的;自由的,思想开明的;自由主义的licensen.(=licence)许可证;执照v.准许,认可likelya.可能的,有希望的;适合的ad.很可能likewisead.同样地,照样地;又,也,而且limbn.肢,臂,腿;树枝linkn.环,链环;联系,连接vt.连接,联系loadn.负载,负担v.装载;装满,使负担locala.地方的,本地的;局部的n.当地人,本地人locatevt.找到...位置,使...坐落于;把...设置在lossn.丧失;损失;亏损;输loyaltyn.忠诚,忠心luggagen.行李luxuriousa.奢侈的,豪华的luxuryn.豪华,奢侈,奢华;奢侈品MBA核心词汇(M)macroeconomicsn.宏观经济学magicn.魔术;魔法a.魔术的;有魔力的magnetica.有磁性的;有吸引力的magnificenta.壮丽的,宏伟的;华丽的,豪华的;极好的maintenancen.保持;维修,保养;抚养费majorityn.大多数;过半数manipulatevt.操作,使用(机器等)操纵(人或市价,市场等),控制,影响mannern.方式,方法;态度,举止;风度,礼貌,规矩manuala.手工的,体力的n.手册,指南manufacturevt.(大量)制造,加工n.制造,制造业;产品margin (06V)n.页边空白,边缘;余地;价差,利润marinea.海的,海上的;航海的;海上的,海事的;海军的n.海军陆战队士兵marvelousa.(=marvellous)奇迹般的,了不起的;妙极的maskn.面具,口罩,防护面具;假面具,伪装vt.用面具遮住,遮盖;掩饰,掩盖massn.团,堆;大量;质量;(pl.)群众,大众masterpiecen.名著,杰作mattern.物质,物体;事情,问题,情况;麻烦事,毛病vt.有关系,要紧maturea.成熟的;成年人的;考虑周到的;到期的v.成熟maximumn.最大限度a.最大的,最高的。
专业单词:社会和睦 harmonious society;客体 object;科学发展观 scientific outlook 主体 subject;on development ;我国 our country;西方国家 the western country;乡村 rural area;协调 harmonize ;城市 urban ;构造 structure ;特色 feature;长处短处时机挑战 SWOT干涉 intervention;strength weakness opportunity模式 mode;threaten ;市场经济 market economy ;阶段 period ;计划经济 planned economy ;经济人 economic man;转型期 transition period;官僚制 bureaucracy ;门路 approach ;因素;参加 participant;规则 regulation;希望 anticipate ;范围 scope/area ;中国共产党 CCP China内容 content ;communist party ;力度;通货膨胀 inflation;自主权 autonomy;财政赤字 financial deficit;渐渐 gradually ;传统 traditional;社区 community;现代 modern;长处 / 弊端 merit/demerit;重申 emphasize;创建 create ;权利 authority ;检查 investigate ;背景 background ;control ;西方国家 western country;微观经济 microeconomic ;引入竞争体制 introduce资源有效配置 efficient competition into;allocation of resources;市场化 marketization;努力 effort ;社会化 socialization;经过 via/through;市场体制 market mechanism ;分派 assign ;增加率 growth rate ;政企分开 separate government 合法、法治、负责、透明、有效function from enterprise legally 、rule of law、management;accountability、transparency、制度 system;effectiveness ;根本目的 the fundamental放权 / 受权代理 devolution;goal ;定义 definition;基来源则 the fundamental分权 decentralization;principle ;怀疑 suspicion;必需条件 necessary地方自治 local autonomy;conditions ;自上而下 / 自下而上 top必需手段 necessary means ;down/bottom up ;因素 element ;经济危机 economic crisis;提升 uplift ;多样的 multiple;信用 reputation;宏观调控 macroeconomic限制性 limitation;划 plan ;源于 derive from;开 develop ;深入改革 deepen the reform;; forecast ;完美社会定 maintain socialperfect ;stability;needful 需要的;加鼎力度 strengthen the督 supervise/supervision;efforts to;民 peasant ;能 adjust the网友 net friend;government functions ;同事 colleague;合同外包 contract services;极美的 gorgeous ;接:推 promotion跟着⋯ along with ;:把⋯看作 regard as ;面挑 face the在去 in the past;challenge ;目前 currently ;抓住机会 seize the在⋯条件下 on condition that;opportunity ;20 世 70 年月末 / 初 the迎接挑 meet the challenge;late/early 1970s(念 the成立健全 establish and seventieth of the 20thimprove ;century );加入 WTO accession to WTO;;加鼎力度 strengthen the采纳有效举措 take effective effort to;measures;加速改革 accelerate thereform ;公共在 20 世 in the 20th century ;public organization ;公共部与⋯⋯对比 compared with ;public sector;主要体在 mainly embodies政府改革 government reform;at ;治理 governance ;因为 as a result of/due善治 good governance ;to/because of;主要型以下管理者 Manager;the principal types are as行政者 administrator ;follows ;公共行政 Public解决⋯⋯矛盾 resolve the administration;contradiction of;公共管理 public management ;点 / 弊端是 the公共政策 public policy;advantage/disadvantage;public affair公共事;依据⋯⋯准 according to the公共物件 public goods ;standard of ;所以个人物件 private goods;therefore/thus;非政府 / 非利把⋯⋯分 classify⋯as⋯;NGO/NPO Non-governmental 一方面,另一方面 on one Organization/Non-Profit hand,on the other hand;Organization;名:organization ;公共管理士 master of第三部 the third sector;public administration;合 OECD Organizationfor Economic Co-operation and public administration ethics ;Development;政府工具 governmental tool;政府间关系 IGR政府失败 government failures;intergovernmental relations;新公共管理 new public绩效管理 performance management;management;绩效评估 performance战略管理 strategic evaluation ;management;流程再造 process问责制 government re-engineering ;accountability ;政府工具 governmental tool;全面质量管理 TQM totalquality management ;目标管理 MBO management byobjectives;标杆管理benchmarking management;政府作用 government role;公共政策 public policy;人力资源管理 HRM humanresource management ;公共经济管理 public economymanagement;公共管理伦理。
公共管理硕士(MPA)重要英语词汇一览公共管理硕士(MPA)重要英语词汇一览(一)normal, radiate发射, authority,companion同事同伴, concept概念, create,creature, dentist, identify鉴别, identical同一的, identity认出, engage使……雇佣、聘用, entitle给……权利、资格, evaluate估价,fluid、solid流体、固体,influence, fortune, fulfill, general, intense紧张的、强烈的、剧烈的, interpret解释、说明、口译, justice 正义、公平, adjust, judge, minor次要的、未成年的, observe遵守、测评、评估, deserve应受、值的, preserve保护、维护、维持, parallel平行的、并列的, percept知觉、对象, stuff塞满、原料, surroundings, transport, transmit, transform, undergo, wander, wonder惊讶, widespread广泛的、普遍的, ambition雄心、大志, approach, brief摘要、大纲、短的,(二)force, enforce实施、迫使, reinforce加强、增援, report, scope范围、机会、余地spirit, decline, climate, lend to, accuse归咎、控告, afford, anxiety焦虑、渴望, atmosphere, blame, bargain买卖全同、议价, calculate, circle, confidence, conscious有意识的、自觉的、故意的, convince使确信、使说服, custom, desperate不顾一切的、拼命的,凶暴的、极我危险的, encourage, discourage使沮丧, economic, economy, motive, promote促使, emotional感情的、情绪的, motion动机, fail to, flat, install, intimate, limit, major主修的、成年的, no matter, neutral中立的, outlet出品、销路、电源插座, perform履行、执行, inform告知, formal外形的、正式的、合理的(三)conquer, result, consult参考、请教, insult, 侮辱、冒犯,deliberate深思熟虑的、有准备的, despair绝望、失望的, compare, emergence浮现、露出, emergency,establish, exhaust, expand, fade, frustrate挫败、破坏,使无效, handy便于携带的, incredible不可信的, inherit, conference会议、协商会, infer推断、推理, offer, interfere, length, manufacture制造、加工, mood心情、情绪、气氛, necessity, noble高贵的、贵族, occasion, occasional, output 产量、产品、输出, oversea, pattern, plunge, practice, practical, recognize, release, rescue救援、解救, maintain, remain, obtain,(四)entertain娱乐,rural农村的, urban城市的, similar to, trial试验、暂时性的, trail踪迹、痕迹, witness目击、目睹, absolute, accumulate积累, in advance 有远见、有前、预先, advanced, advantage, agent代理, appeal, application 申请表, point, appoint, approximate, barrier, claim声称、声明, climate, complicate使复杂、使陷入, comprise包含、包括, considerable相当多的, resume重新开始、摘要, consume消耗, assume承担、假定、采取, contact 联系, convict证明……有罪, crew全体员工, crucial至关重要的, define定义, definite明确的、肯定的、有限的, deliver, disaster, disorder, diverse, economic, alert, exert使用、施加, facility设备、工具、便利, faith,(五)faithful, gap, sympathy同情, trace痕迹、追溯, track轨道、车辙、跑道、足迹、追踪, visual, vision, worship礼拜、尊敬, apparatus仪器, brand, civil国内的、全民的, clarity清楚、说明, declare断言、宣布、报关, combine, connect, consider, insert插入, desert不毛、放弃, drown溺死、淹死, external外部的、客观的, frank坦白的、真率的, press, impress, pressure, depress使沮丧, express表达, indispensable不可破的, inspect检查、审查, respect, prospect 景色、前景, perspective透视、观点、远景, peculiar特有的, particular, likely, inquire询问、查询, require, acquire获得, request请求, result , consult参考、参阅、请教, insult侮辱, spray喷射,雾化(六)announce宣告、发表, pronounce发音、宣告, apparent显然、外表上的, boundary分界, frontier国界, nullity无效行为的, debate争辩, decrease, increase, reduce减小, include, conclude推断, exclude拒绝、逐出, federal联合的、联邦的, firm, forecast预报, foresee预见、预知, grateful感谢的, integrate, divide, individual个人的, fence, defense防卫, offend冒犯, portion 部分, proper, property财产,poverty贫穷,reputation, restrict, loyal忠心的, royal王室的、盛大的, spot污点, terminal终点、末期的, alter, alternate轮流、交替, alternative二中选一, concrete具体的、混凝土的, consequent随之的、必然发生的, explode使爆炸, explore勘探, exploit开发、开采、开拓, hesitate犹豫、支支吾吾的,(七)imagine, influence, innocent清白的, guilty有罪的, persuade, possess占有, sample, support, vital, burden, elect选举, select, collect, collective集合的、集体的, contribute贡献, distribute分发, attribute归因于, abuse滥用, prejudice 偏见, avoid, escape, capture捕获, compete, effort, enthusiasm, involve包含、使陷于, evolve使进展、逐渐成形, imply暗示、意味, reply, multiply乘加、多元化, issue, modify修饰, occur, opponent, prefer, refer, publish, punish, rate, award奖品、授予, reward报酬, shelter掩蔽, skim浏览,(八)in spite of, temporary临时的, vehicle交通工具, ancestor associate, refuse, confuse, describe, display, due to, error, essential, fresh, obvious, visible, invisible看不见的, previous, recall, relate, soil, spoil损坏, stimulate刺激、激励, suffer, tense, accompany, analyze, conflict战斗, convenient, derive源自、起源, deprive剥夺, thrive兴旺、繁荣, dominate, element, gallery美术馆、走廊, interval时间间隔, lock, lack, match比赛、火柴, ideal, reality, ignore, ignorant无知、愚昧, independent,(九)inspire激发, motion动机, promote促进, remote遥远、冷淡的, motive运动的、目的、主旨, numerous许多的, relevant有关的, retreat, straight, suicide, trick, weigh,tempt诱惑、吸引, attempt, contract, attract, candidate候补的, commercial 商业的, communicate, contain, coordinate使协调, respond回应、作出反映, correspond通信、相当、符合, emphasis, enclose随信附上, focus, instinct 本能、直觉, investigate, invest, manner, mere仅仅, nerve神经中枢, political, policy, reliable可靠的、可信赖的, resemble相似的, assemble集中、召集, shape外形, sophisticate世故的, stain污点,(十)strain紧张的、过度疲劳的, symbol, triumph胜利、成功, upright, vigorous 精力旺盛、有力的, benefit, profit, characterize, circumstance环境、境况, chain store, concentrate, delegate派……为代表, diligent勤奋的, dispute争论, estimate, factor, intentional故意的, occupy占领, inject, reject, object, project, subject, scenery, survive, revive使复兴、有效, temper, vary, accelerate, behave, concern, continue, deny, distance, insure保险, invade使……侵略, mature成熟、成年人的, mental, monitor, mysterious, neglect忽视、忽略, (十一)purpose, raw生的、未加工的, refurbish再磨光, remove, restore修复, resort 求助、讼诸, scarcely仅仅、几乎不, specific特有的, target, alarm, approve赞成, certify证明、保证, certificate证书, frost霜、严峻的, fund, genuine真诚的, intend, material, memory, primitive原始的, propose建议、提议, ruin, shadow, contrary相反的, sufficient充分的, accent, actually, adequate, anxious, attach系上、附上, awkward笨拙的、尴尬的, budget, capture捕获、赢得, channel, circulate使循环、使流通, community社团, company, consent 同意赞成, cooperate合作、协作, cultivate耕种、培养, depart走开、逝去的, devote奉献、献身,denote表示、指示(十二)dismiss解散、开除, distant, enhance, eventually最后、终于, fierce, manage, overnight通宵的, passion激情, passive被动的、消极的, postpone, progress, pursue, react, render呈交、归还, sense, treat, treaty条约、协定, capacity容量、能力, civilian平民、公务员, compel强迫, contradiction反驳、矛盾、抵触, crack暇疵、爆裂, curiosity, departure启程、离开, devise设计、发明、图谋, device设备、装置, secure安全的, accurate精密的、准确的, depend 依靠, distinguish区别, plain平原, complain, explain, financial, hurt, injure, harm, destroy, ruin, comprise ,contain, embody使具体化,subsume包含, construct建造, structure结构, isolate使隔离, labor, task, overlook远眺, overcome战胜、克服, resist抵抗, insist, state声明、陈述, supreme最高的, superior较高的, volume卷、体积, absorb, account, achieve, universal全体的, convert, reverse颠覆、相反, apply, applicable适用的, applicant申请者,application请求、申请, broad, board, cancel, casual偶然的、随意的, cancer, classify分类、分级, comfort, submit递交、投降、服从, permit许可, emit发出、射出, complex, conduct行为、举止, constant, core核心、果核, demand, command命令、指令, comment评论、注释, commend 表扬,(十三)mental, recommend推荐、介绍, mention, design, signal信号, significant意义重大的, protect, detect, point, appoint约定、指定, appointment, disappoint, duration持续时间长, durable耐久的, employ, excess过分、过量, exceed超出, success, succeed, process, proceed, false, indicate指出、显示、象征, predict预言预知, opportunity, personal, pose, dispose决定、处置, expose揭露, suppose假定、料想, oppose反对、对比, compose组成, impose征税、欺骗、强加, deposit储蓄, poison, poverty, cautious小心的、谨慎的, prove, improve改进、改善, record, relieve减轻,(十四)sincere, troop, upset, violent, welfare, abundant, advocate, affect, effect, effective, efficient, campaign, cause, commission, component, content, intention, crisis, critic, critical, destination, discard, discipline, anticipate, participate, principal, principle, familiar, feature, feasible, indifferent, provide, recover, standard, thorough, morally, virtually, deal with, cope(十五)with, doubt, 执行, density, corporation, currency, current, demonstrate, countless, discount , extraordinary, graduate, gradually, precious, precise, appreciate, reluctant, unwilling, sharp, shape, source, strength, length, supply, drop, endure, evident, enormous, intensive, preference, produce, reflect, scale, semester, shift, talent, threat, typical, vain, volunteer,(十六)accomplish, analysis, assist, persist, insist, resist, consist, colony, confront, conventional, descend, donate, elementary, eliminate, frequent, incline, instant, merit, military, prevent, represent, restrain, academic, available, challenge, continent, elaborate, function, generous, illustrate, measure, narrow, option, phenomenon, prohibit, panic, pretend, prompt, regulate, shrink, swallow, uniform, artificial, creature, determine, distinct, encounter, environment, fatiguecontend 争论、竞争者cosmos 秩序、完整体系elsewhere 在别处fabricate 捏造humbly 谦恭的offend 冒犯的primary 首要的、最初的privilege 特权refine 精炼resolve 决心、解决strikingly 醒目的、引人注目的superior 较高的trait 人的个性、特征understanding 谅解、通情达理的validate 证实、确证、有法律效力的whereas 但是、而。
专业单词:社会和谐 harmonious society;客体 object;科学发展观 scientific outlook 主体 subject;on development ;我国 our country;西方国家 the western country;农村 rural area;协调 harmonize ;城市 urban ;结构 structure ;特点 feature;优点弱点机会挑战 SWOT干预 intervention;strength weakness opportunity模式 mode;threaten ;市场经济 market economy ;阶段 period ;计划经济 planned economy ;经济人 economic man;转型期 transition period;官僚制 bureaucracy ;途径 approach ;因素;参与 participant;规则 regulation;期望 anticipate ;范围 scope/area ;中国共产党 CCP China内容 content ;communist party ;力度;通货膨胀 inflation;自主权 autonomy;财政赤字 financial deficit;逐渐 gradually ;传统 traditional;社区 community;现代 modern;优点 / 缺点 merit/demerit;强调 emphasize;创造 create ;权力 authority ;调查 investigate ;背景 background ;control ;西方国家 western country;微观经济 microeconomic ;引入竞争机制 introduce资源有效配置 efficient competition into;allocation of resources;市场化 marketization;努力 effort ;社会化 socialization;通过 via/through;市场机制 market mechanism ;分配 assign ;增长率 growth rate ;政企分开 separate government 合法、法治、负责、透明、有效function from enterprise legally 、rule of law、management;accountability、transparency、制度 system;effectiveness ;根本目的 the fundamental放权 / 授权代理 devolution;goal ;定义 definition;基本原则 the fundamental分权 decentralization;principle ;质疑 suspicion;必要条件 necessary地方自治 local autonomy;conditions ;自上而下 / 自下而上 top必要手段 necessary means ;down/bottom up ;要素 element ;经济危机 economic crisis;提高 uplift ;多样的 multiple;信誉 reputation;宏观调控 macroeconomic局限性 limitation;划 plan ;源于 derive from;开 develop ;深化改革 deepen the reform;; forecast ;完善社会定 maintain socialperfect ;stability;needful 需要的;加大力度 strengthen the督 supervise/supervision;efforts to;民 peasant ;能 adjust the网友 net friend;government functions ;同事 colleague;合同外包 contract services;极美的 gorgeous ;接:推 promotion随着⋯ along with ;:把⋯看作 regard as ;面挑 face the在去 in the past;challenge ;当前 currently ;抓住机遇 seize the在⋯条件下 on condition that;opportunity ;20 世 70 年代末 / 初 the迎接挑 meet the challenge;late/early 1970s(念 the建立健全 establish and seventieth of the 20thimprove ;century );加入 WTO accession to WTO;;加大力度 strengthen the采取有效措施 take effective effort to;measures;加快改革 accelerate thereform ;公共在 20 世 in the 20th century ;public organization ;公共部与⋯⋯相比 compared with ;public sector;主要体在 mainly embodies政府改革 government reform;at ;治理 governance ;由于 as a result of/due善治 good governance ;to/because of;主要型如下管理者 Manager;the principal types are as行政者 administrator ;follows ;公共行政 Public解决⋯⋯矛盾 resolve the administration;contradiction of;公共管理 public management ;点 / 缺点是 the公共政策 public policy;advantage/disadvantage;public affair公共事;根据⋯⋯准 according to the公共物品 public goods ;standard of ;因此私人物品 private goods;therefore/thus;非政府 / 非利把⋯⋯分 classify⋯as⋯;NGO/NPO Non-governmental 一方面,另一方面 on one Organization/Non-Profit hand,on the other hand;Organization;名:organization ;公共管理士 master of第三部 the third sector;public administration;合 OECD Organizationfor Economic Co-operation and public administration ethics ;Development;政府工具 governmental tool;政府间关系 IGR政府失败 government failures;intergovernmental relations;新公共管理 new public绩效管理 performance management;management;绩效评估 performance战略管理 strategic evaluation ;management;流程再造 process问责制 government re-engineering ;accountability ;政府工具 governmental tool;全面质量管理 TQM totalquality management ;目标管理 MBO management byobjectives;标杆管理benchmarking management;政府作用 government role;公共政策 public policy;人力资源管理 HRM humanresource management ;公共经济管理 public economymanagement;公共管理伦理。
Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语词汇H-G【mba加油站】MBA词汇 H部分*habit n.习惯,习俗habitual a.1.习惯性的;习以为常的 2.惯常的,已成规则的*hair n.头发,毛发*half n.一半 a.一半的,半个的 ad.一半*hall n.1.厅,大厅 2.门厅,过道 3.礼堂,会堂 4.办公大楼*hand n.1.手 2.人手,雇员,劳力 3.指针 vt.提交,递,给handful n.一把,一小撮*handkerchief n.手绢,手帕handle n.柄,把手 vt.1.拿,弄 2.运用,操纵 3.经营,管理*handsome a.1.(男子)英俊的,漂亮的 2.(女子)好看的,端庄的*hang(hung/hanged) vt.1.悬挂,吊 2.吊死,绞死 vi.悬挂,吊着*happen vi.1.发生 2.[后接动词不定式]碰巧,恰巧happiness n.1.幸福 2.愉快*happy a.1.高兴的,快乐的 2.幸福的 3.满意的,乐意的harbo(u)r n.港湾,港口 vt.1.庇护,藏匿 2.怀有 vi.停泊*hard a.1.坚硬的 2.困难的 3.冷酷的 ad.1.努力地 2.猛烈地 3.严厉地 *hardly ad.几乎不,几乎没有hardship n.困难,艰难hardware n.1.五金器具 2.(计算机)硬件harm n./vt.伤害,损害,危害harmful a.(对…)有害的(to)harmony n.1.协调,和谐 2.融洽,一致harsh a.1.粗糙的 2.(声音)刺耳的 3.严厉的,苛刻的*harvest n.收获,收成 vt.收获,收割haste n.急速,急忙*hat n.帽子*hate vt.憎恨,不愿意,不喜欢hatred n.憎恨,仇恨*have(had) aux.[与过去分词构成被动语态]已经,曾经 vt.1.有,具有 2.经受,遭受 3.怀有 4.取得 5.进行,从事 6.使,让,招致 7.[后接动词不定式]不得不hay n.干草hazard n.危险,公害haze n.薄雾*he pron.他*head n.1.头,头部 2.上端,顶部,前端 3. 领导,首脑 vt.1.主管,率领 2.用头顶(球) vi.居…之首*headache n.1.头疼 2.头疼的事,难办的事heading n.标题headline n.大字标题;[复]新闻提要headquarters[复] n.[用作单或复]1.司令部;指挥部 2.(机构,企业)总部,总店*health n.健康*healthy a.1.健康的 2.有益于健康的*heap n.1.堆 2.大量,许多 vt.堆起,使成堆*hear(heard) vt.1.听见,听 2.审讯,听证 3.听说,得知 vi.1.听到(of, about) 2.收到…的信(或电话)(from)*heart n.1.心脏,心 2.内心,心肠 3.勇气 4.中心*heat n.1.热,热量 2.体温,热度 3.激烈,激动 vt.加热 vi.变热,发热*heaven n.1.天堂,天国 2.[复]天空*heavy a.1.重的 2.沉重的 3.繁重的 4.粗的,厚的 5.大量的 6.充满的(with)*height n.1.高度,身高 2.[复]高处 3.顶点heighten vt.1.加高,提高,增高 2.增加,增大,加强hell n.1.地狱,阴间 2.[非正式]用以咒骂或表示愤怒、不满*hello int.喂,嗨*help vt./n.帮助,援助helpful a.1.给予帮助的,肯帮助的 2.有益的,建设性的hen n.母鸡hence ad.因此,由此*her pron.1.[she的宾格]她 2.[she的所有格]她的herd n.兽群,牧群 vt.放牧*here ad.1.在这里,到这里 2.这时 3.在这一点上*hero n.1.英雄 2.主角*hers pron.[she的物主代词]她的(所有物)*herself pron.1.[反身代词]她自己 2.她亲自,她本人hesitate vi.犹豫,迟疑hi int.嗨*hide(hid, hidden/ hid) vt.1.藏匿,隐藏 2.隐瞒 vi.隐藏,躲藏*high a.1.高的 2.高级的,重要的 ad.高 n.高度highly ad.高度地,极,非常highway n.公路*hill n.小山,山*him pron.[he的宾语]他*himself pron.1.[反身代词]他自己 2.他亲自,他本人hinder vt.阻止;妨碍(…from)hint n.1.暗示,示意 2.建议,点子 vt.暗示 vi.暗示(at)*hire vt./n.雇佣,雇用*his pron.[he的所有格和物主代词]他的*history n.1.历史 2.病历,病史 3.个人经历,履历*hit(hit) vt.1.打,击,击中 2.碰撞 n.1.击中 2.风行一时的人物(或事物)hobby n.业余爱好*hold(held) vt.1.拿着,握住 2.抓住,夹住 3.托住,支持 4.占据 5.抑制,约束 6.认为 7.包含,容纳 8.拥有 vi.1.持续,保持 2.有效,适用 n.1.握住 2.控制,掌握 3.船舱*hole n.孔,窟窿,洞*holiday n.假期,假日,节日hollow a.1.空的,中空的 2.空洞的,空虚的,缺乏充分理由的holy a.神圣的,圣洁的*home n.1.家 2.家乡,本国 a.1.家庭的 2.家乡的,本国的 ad.回家,在家 vi.1.回家 2.寻找目标*honest a.诚实的,老实的honestly ad.1.诚实地 2.正直地 3.[用以加强语气的]的确,实在honesty n.1.诚实,正直 2.坦率,真诚*honey n.1.蜂蜜,蜜 2.亲爱的(人)*hono(u)r n.光荣,荣誉 vt.1.给…以荣誉 2.向…表示敬意hono(u)rable a.1.诚实的,正直的 2.尊敬的hook n.钩 vt.钩住*hope n./vt.希望hopeful a.有希望的horizon n.1.地平线 2.[喻]眼界,见识horn n.1.(牛、羊等动物的)角 2.号角,喇叭,警报器*horse n.马*hospital n.医院host n.1.主人,东道主 2.主持人 3.许多 vt.1.主持 2.做东hostess n.女主人hostile a.1.敌对的 2.不友善的,敌意的hostility n.敌意,敌视*hot a.1.热的 2.辣的 3.热情的 4.激动的*hotel n.旅馆,旅店*hour n.1.小时 2.时刻,时间*house n.1.房屋,住宅 2.[H-]议院 vt.1.给…房子住 2.容纳household n.家庭,户 a.家庭的,家常的housewife n.家庭主妇housework n.家务劳动;家事*how ad.1.怎么,怎样,如何 2.多么,多少*however ad.1.然而,可是 2.不管怎样,无论如何*huge a.巨大的,大的human a.人的,人类的 n.人humble a.1.谦逊的,谦恭的 2.地位(或身份)低下的humo(u)r n.幽默,诙谐*hundred num./n.1.百 2.[复]数以百计的,许多hunger n.1.饥饿 2.渴望(for)*hungry a.1.饥饿的,感到饥饿的 2.渴望的(for)*hunt vt.1.追猎,猎取 2.追赶,搜索 vi.(for)1.打猎 2.猎食 3.搜寻 n.打猎*hurry vi.匆忙,赶紧 vt.催促,使加快 n.匆忙,急忙*hurt(hurt) vt.1.使受伤,弄疼 2.伤害感情 3.危害,损害 vi.痛,受痛苦 n.伤害*husband n.丈夫 hut n.小屋,棚屋hydrogen n.氢hypothesis([复]hypotheses) n.1.假说,假设 2.(无根据的)猜测,揣测MBA词汇 I部分*I pron.我*ice n.冰,冰块 vt.冰镇iceberg n.冰山*idea n.1.想法,主意 2.思想,概念ideal a.理想的,完美的 n.理想,思想identical a.1.同一的 2.完全相同的,相等的identify vt.1.认出,鉴定 2.认为…等同于(…with)*if conj.1.如果,假如 2.是否ignorance n.1.无知,愚昧 2.不知ignorant a.1.无知的,愚昧的 2.不知道的(of)*ill a.1.有病的 2.坏的 ad.坏,不利地illegal a.非法的,违规的*illness n.疾病,病illusion n.错觉;幻觉illustrate vt.1.说明,阐明 2.给…作插图说明illustration n.1.说明 2.例证;插图image n.像,形象,肖像,图像imagination n.1.想象,想象力 2.空想,幻觉*imagine vt.1.想象 2.料想,猜想imitate vt.1.模仿,仿效 2.仿制,仿造imitative a.1.模仿的 2.仿制的immediate a.1.立即的,即刻的 2.直接的,最接近的immediately ad.1.立即地,即刻地 2.直接地,紧密地immigrant a.(从国外)移民(微博)的,侨民的 n.移民,侨民impact n.1.冲击,碰撞 2.效果,影响impart vt.把…分给;给予(…to)imperative a.1.绝对必要的;迫切的 2.命令的;强制的 3.[语]祈使的implement vt.实现;完成(任务)等;履行协定(或诺言等)implication n.1.含意;暗示 2.牵边;涉及;卷入imply vt.暗示,含有…的意思import n./vt.进口importance n.重要(性)*important a.1.重要的,重大的 2.有地位的,有势力的impose a.1.强加 2.征税*impossible a.1.不可能的 2.难对付的impractical a.不切实际的,不能实行的impress vt.给…深刻的印象,使铭记impression n.1.印象 2.印记,压痕impressive a.给人印象深刻的,感人的*improve vt.改进,改善 vi.变好,改善improvement n.改进,增进improvise vt.1.即兴创作 2.临时准备,临时凑成*in prep.1.[地点]在内 2.[时间]在…期间,在…之内 3.[领域,范围]在…方面 4.[状态,情况]在…之中 5.[手段,方式]以,用 ad.1.在内,在家 2.进,入 3.到达*inch n.英寸 vi.缓慢前进inidence n.1.影响程度,影响范围 2.发生率incident n.1.事件,事实 2.发生的事incline n.斜坡 vi.1.倾斜 2.倾向于*inchude vt.包括,包含*income n.收入,收益,所得*increase n./v.增加,增长increasingly ad.日益,越来越多地*indeed ad.1.确实,实在 2.真正地,当然indeendence n.独立,自立independent a.独立的,自主的index([复]indexes/indices) n.1.索引 2.指标 3.指数*Indian a.1.印度的 2.印度人的 3.印第安人的 4.印第安语的 n.1.印度人 2.印第安人 3.印第安语indicate vt.1.指示,指出 2.表示,表明indication n.1.指示,表示 2.象征,迹象indifferent a.冷漠的,不关心的,不积极的individual n.个人,个体,独立单位 a.1.个人的 2.个别的industrial a.工业的,产业的industrialize vt.(使)工业化*industry n.1.工业 2.勤劳,勤奋inevitable a.不可避免的,必然(发生)的infant n.婴儿,幼儿 a.婴儿的,幼儿的;幼稚的infer vt.推论,推理,推断inference n.推论,推理,推断infiltrate v.渗入,透过;浸润infinitely ad.无限地,无穷地inflict vt.使遭受(损伤,苦痛等),使承受(…on/upon)influence n.1.影响(on) 2.势力,权势 vt.影响inform vt.通知,报告(…of vi.告发,检举(against, on)*information n.消息,情报,信息inhabitant n.居民,住户inhibition n.1.抑制 2.阻止,禁止initial a.1.最初的,开始的 2.词首的 n.首字母initiate vt.1.开始,创始 2.发起,倡议,提出injection n.1.注射 2.注射剂,针剂injury n.1.损害,伤害 2.受伤处*ink n.1.墨水 2.油墨inn n.小旅馆,客栈inner a.1.内部的,里面的 2.内心的innocent a.1.清白的,无罪的(of) 2.幼稚的,无知的 3.无害的,没有恶意的input n.1.输入 2.投入的资金(或物资) vt.输入inquire vt.1.打听,询问 2.调查,查问insect n.昆虫insert vt.插入,嵌入inside prep.在…里面,在…内部 a.里面的,内部的 ad.在里面,在内部n.里面,内部*insist vi.(on,upon)坚持,强调,坚决主张,坚决要求 vt.坚持,坚决主张,坚决认为insistent a.坚持的inspect vt.检查,视察inspire vt.1.鼓舞 2.使产生灵感instal(l) vt.安装,设置instance n.例,实例instant n.瞬间,时刻 a.1.立即的,即刻的 2.紧争的,急迫的 3.(食品)速溶的,方便的instantaneously ad.瞬间地;即刻地*instead ad.1.作为替代 2.反而,却instinct n.1.本能,直觉 2.生性,天性*institute n.研究所,学院instruction n.1.教学,指导 2.[常复]命令,指示,用法说明instrument n.1.仪器 2.乐器insurance n.1.保险 2.保险金,保险费insure vt.1.给…保险 2.保证,确保integrate vt.使结合(with);使并入,使成一体(into) vi.与…结合起来;成一体(into)integrated a.成一整体的,完全的,完整的intellectual n.知识分子 a.智力的,理智的intelligence n.1.智力,理解力,聪明 2.情报,消息intend vt.1.想要,打算 2.意指,意思是intense a.1.强烈的,紧张的 2.热烈的intention n.意图,打算interact vi.互相作用,互相影响interchangeable a.可交换的;可互换的*interest n.1.兴趣,关注,趣味 2.[常复]利益,利害关系 3.利息,利率 vt.使感兴趣,引起…关注*interesting a.有趣的,令人关注的interfere vi.1.干涉,介入(in, with) 2.妨碍,干扰(with)interference n.1.干涉,干预 2.妨碍internal a.1.内部的,内在的 2.国内的international a.国际的,世界的interpret vt.1.解释,说明 2.口译,翻译interrupt vt.1.打断,打扰 2.中止,阻碍 vi.中断interval n.间隔,间距;幕间(或工间)休息interview vt./n.1.面谈;采访 2.面试,口试intimidate vt. 恐吓,恫吓*into prep.1.进,入,到…里 2.成为,转为*introduce vt.1.介绍 2.引进,传入introduction n.1.介绍 2.引进,传入 3.引言,导论invade vt.侵入,侵略,侵犯invariably ad.不变地invent vt.1.发明,创造 2.捏造,虚构invention n.1.发明,创造 2.捏造,虚构inventor n.发明者,创造者inversion n.1.反向 2.倒转,倒置investigate vt.调查,调查研究 vi.调查,调查研究(into)investment n.投资,(时间,精力)的投入invisible a.看不见的,无形的invitation n.1.邀请,招待 2.邀请书,请柬*invite vt.1.邀请 2.招致involve vt.1.使卷入,使参与(in) 2.牵涉 3.包含,含有involvement n.1.卷入,牵连(in) 2.牵连到的事;复杂情况*iron n.1.铁 2.熨斗,烙铁 vt.熨,烫irrelevant a.不相干的,离题的,与…不相干(to)irresponsible a.无责任感的,不负责的*island n.岛,岛屿isolate vt.使隔离,使孤立 a.孤立的issue n.1.问题,争论点 2.发行 3.(书刊的)期号 vt.发行,颁布,出版 *it pron.1.它 2.[作无人称动词的主语,指天气、时间、距离等] 3.[作先行代词,引导从句或短语等] 4.[作先行代词,用以构成强调句型] Italian a.1.意大利的 2.意大利人的 3.意大利语的 n.1.意大利人 2.意大利语item n.条,条款,项目*its pron.[it的物主代词]它的MBA英语词汇:K部分*itself pron.1.[反身代词]它自己,它本身 2.[表示强调]自身,本身keen a.1.热心的,渴望的(on) 2.激烈的,强烈的 3.敏锐的,敏捷的*keep(kept) vt.保持,坚持 vt.1.使保持,使继续 2.保有,保存 3.阻止,防止(…from) 4.履行,遵循 5.保养,饲养 6.经营,管理*key n.1.钥匙 2.键 3.答案,题解 4.方法,关键 a.主要的*kick v./n.踢kid v./n.1.戏弄,弄玩笑 2.欺骗,哄骗kid n.小孩,小伙子*kill vt.1.杀死 2.扼杀,毁灭kelogram(me) n.千克,公斤*kilomtre/-ter n.千米,公里*kind n.种类*kind a.1.友好的,亲切的 2.和蔼的,仁慈的kindergarten n.幼儿园*king n.君主,国王*kiss v./n.吻kitchen n.厨房km.(kilometer的缩写)*knee n.膝,膝盖*knife n.刀,餐刀*knock v./n.1.敲,打 2.碰撞,撞击*know(knew,known) vt.1.知道,了解 2.认识,熟悉 3.通晓,懂得 vi.知道,了解*knowledge n.1.知识,学问 2.知道,了解MBA英语词汇:L部分*lab[口] (见laboratory)label n.1.标签 2.标记,符号 vt.1.贴标签 2.归类*labo(u)r n.1.劳动 2.劳工,工人*laboratory n.实验室lack n./vt.缺乏,不足,没有*ladder n.梯子*lady n.女士,夫人,小姐lag vi.走得慢,落后 n.落后,滞后*lake n.湖*lamp n.灯*land n.1.陆地,地面 2.土地,田地 3.国家,国土 v.(使)靠岸,(使)登陆,(使)着陆*language n.语言lap n.1.失误,小错 2.(时间的)流逝,向隔 3.跌落,下降 vi.1.堕入2.(时间)流逝 3.(权利,任期等)终止;失效*large a.大的largely ad.1.大量地 2.主要地*last a.1.最后的,末了的 2.最近过去的,紧接前面的 ad.1.最后 2.上一次,最近一次*last vi.持续,持久,维持lasting a.1.持久的,永久的 2.耐久的*late a.1.迟的,晚的 2.末期的,晚期的 3.已故的,以前的 ad.迟,晚 lately ad.最近,不久前later ad.1.后来 2.过一会儿Latin a.拉丁的,拉丁人的,拉丁语的 n.拉丁语;拉丁人latter a.1.后者的 2.后一半的,接近终了的 n.后者*laugh vi.笑 n.笑,笑声launch vt.1.发射,投射 2.使(船)下水 3.发动,动起(运动等) n.发射,(船)下水*law n.1.法律,法制 2.规律,法则,定律lawyer n.律师*lay(laid) vt.1.置放,放下 2.铺,砌,敷设 3.设置,布置layer n.层,层次layout n.布局,安排,设计*lazy a.懒惰的,懒散的*lead(led) vt.1.为…带路,指引 2.领导,引导 vi.1.领路,带路 2.导致,通向(to) 3.领先 n.领先,领导lead n.铅leader n.领袖,领导者leadership n.1.领导 2. [总称]领导人员leading a.1.领导的,指引的 2.最重要的,主要的*leaf n.1.叶,叶子 2.(书刊的)张,页 3.薄金属片leaflet n.1.小叶,嫩叶 2.传单;活页*league n.1.同盟,联盟 2.协会,社团leak vi.1.漏,渗 2.泄露,走漏 n.1.漏洞,裂缝 2.泄露,漏出量lean(leaned/leant) v.1.倾斜,屈身 2.靠,倚(against) 3.依赖,依靠(on,upon)leap(leapt/leaped) vi./n.1.跳跃 2.飞跃*learn(learned/learnt) vt.1.学,学会,记住 2.得知,认识到learned a.1.有学问的,博学的 2.学术上的,经过训练学到的*least a.最少的,最小的 ad.最少,最小*leave(left) vi.离去,出发 vt.1.离开,舍弃 2.留下,遗留,遗忘 3.听任,让 4.交托,委托 n.1.许可,准许 2.准假,假期*lecture n./vi.讲演,讲课*left a.左边的,左侧的 ad.往左,向左 n.左边,左部leg n.腿,腿部legal a.1.法律上的 2.合法的legislate vi.立法 vt.通过立法leisure n.1.空闲时间,空暇 2.悠闲,安逸 a.空闲的,安逸的*lend(lent) vt.把…借给,出借,贷与*length n.1.长,长度,距离 2.一段,一节lengthen vt.使延长 vi.变长,延伸*less a.更少的,更小的 ad.更少地,更小地*lesson n.1.功课,课 2.一堂课,一节课 3.[常复]课程 4.教训lest conj.惟恐,免得*let(let) vt.1.允许,让 2.使,设 3.出租*letter n.1.信,函件 2.字母*level n.1.水平面,水平线 2.水平,等级 a.平的;水平的liable a.1.易于…的,有…倾向的 2.可能的 3.负有责任的,有义务的 liberty n.1.自由,自由权 2.冒昧,失礼 3.[常复]特许权,特权librarian n.图书馆馆长(或馆员)*library n.1.图书馆,藏书室 2.藏书licence(-nse) n.1.许可,特许 2.许可证,执照 vt.给…发许可证,批准,准许lid n.盖,盖子*lie(lay, lain) vi.1.躺,平放 2.位于,在于*lie vi.说谎 n.谎话,假话*life n.1.生命,性命 2.一生,寿命 3.生活,生存 4.生物lifeless a.1.无生命的;死的 2.没有生气的;单调的lifetime n.一生,终身*lift vt.提,举 vi.1.举起 2.消散,消失 n.1.电梯 2.上升,升力*light n.1.光,光线,光亮 2.光源,灯 vt.(lit/lighted)1.点,点燃 2.照亮,使发亮*light a.1.轻的,少量的 2.愉快的,轻快的 3.淡色的,浅色的lighting n.照明,照明设备lightning n.闪电*like vt.1.喜欢 2.想要,希望 vi.喜欢,愿意,希望*like prep.像,如,像…一样 a.相像的,相同的likehood n.1.可能,可能性 2.可能的事,有希望的事likely a.可能的,有希望的 ad.很可能likewise ad.同样地,以同样方式limb n.1.肢,臂,腿 2.树枝limit n.1.限度,限制 2.[复]范围 vt.限制,限定limitation n.1.限制 2.限度;局限limited a.有限的*line n.1.线,绳 2.排,行 3.路线,航线 4.线条,界线 5.电线,线路,电话线 v.(使)排成行link v.连接,联系 n.环,节,联系*lion n.狮子*lip n.嘴唇liquid n.液体 a.液体的,液态的*list n.表,目录,名单 vi.把…编列成表,列举*listen vi.(to)1.听 2.听从,听信literal a.1.精确的,如实的 2.逐字的;字面的literal a.文学(上)的literature n.1.文学,文学作品 2.文献,图书资料litter n.1.(供动物睡眠或植物防冻的)干草 2.杂乱无章 3.(猫狗等)一窝(仔畜) vt.1.为(动物)铺草 2.(多产动物)产(仔) 3.乱丢*little a.1.小的,矮小的 2.[表示否定]不多的,少到几乎没有的 n.[表示否定]微少,几乎没有 ad.少到几乎没有,毫不*live vi.1.居住 2.活,生存,生活 vt.过(生活)*live a.1.活的,有生命的 2.现场直播的*lively 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v./n.融化,熔化,溶解*member n.成员memoris(z)e vt.熟记,记住*memory n.1.记忆(力) 2.回忆 3.纪念 4.(计算机)存储(器)*mend vt.1.修理,修补 2.改正,纠正mental a.1.智力的,脑力的 2.精神的,思想上的mention vt./n.提及,说起menu n.菜单merchant n.商人mercy n.慈悲,仁慈,宽容mere a.1.仅仅的,只不过的 2.纯粹的merely ad.仅仅,只不过merit n.1.优点,长处 2.功绩,功劳merry a.欢乐的,愉快的*message n.1.信息 2.口信,便条*metal n.金属method n.方法,办法*metre/-ter n.公尺,米microscopic a.1.显微镜的 2.微观的 3.微小的,细微的*middle a.中间的,中部的 n.中间,中部midnight n.晚上12点钟,午夜midst n.中间,当中 prep.在…当中might n.力量,威力*might aux.1.[may的过去式] 2.可能,会mild a.1.和缓的 2.温和的 3.温暖的*mile n.英里military a.军事的,军用的*milk n.奶,乳,牛奶 vt.挤…奶mill n.1.磨房,碾磨机 2.工厂,制造厂millimetre(ter) n.公分,厘米*million num.百分 n.[复]无数,许多*mind n.1.头脑,理智,精神 2.注意力,心思 3.记忆 4.意向,想法 vt.1.介意,反对 2.注意,留心 vi.介意*mine pron.[I的物主代词]我的(所有物)*mine n.1.矿,矿山 2.地雷 vt.1.埋地雷 2.开矿mineral n.矿物,矿石 a.微型的,小型的minimis(z)e vt.使减到最少minimum([复]minima/minimums) n.最小量,最低限度 a.最小的,最低的,最少的*minister n.1.部长,大臣 2.牧师minor a.1.较小的,较少的,较次要的 2.少数的minority n.1.少数,少数派 2.少数民族minus a.负的,减去的 prep.减minute a.微小的*minute n.1.分钟,分 2.一会儿,片刻miracle n.奇迹,令人惊奇的人(或事)*mirror n.镜子 vt.反射,反映misconception n.误解,错误想法;错误印象miserable a.悲惨的,可怜的mislead(misled) vt.1.把…带错路,使…错或做错 2.误导,使误解misleading a.引入歧途的;使人误解的*Miss n.小姐*miss vt.1.未看到,未注意到 2.未击中,未达到 3.错过 4.漏掉,省掉 5.因…不在而想念mission n.1.使命,任务 2.使团,代表团*mistake(mistook, mistaken) n.错误,失误,过失 vt.1.误解,弄错 2.把…错当成(…for) vi.弄错misunderstand(misunderstood) vt.误解,误会misuse vt.1.误用,滥用 2.苛待,虐待 n.误用,滥用*mix vt.1.混合,搀和 2.混淆 vi.相混mixture n.混合,混合物mock v.愚弄,嘲弄 a.假的,模拟的model n.1.模型 2.模范,典型 3.样式 4.模特儿 vt.1.做…的模型 2.模仿moderate a.1.中等的,适度的 2.温和的;有节制的*modern a.现代的,新式的modest a.1.谦虚的,谦恭的 2.适中的,不过分的modify vt.修改,更改mo(u)ld n.模子;模型 vt.用模子做,浇铸*moment n.片刻,瞬间*Monday n.星期一*money n.货币,金钱monitor n.1.监听器,监视器,监控器 2.(学校的)班长 3.监听员 v.监听,监视,监控*mondey n.猴子monopolize v.垄断;专卖monopoly n.垄断;专卖*month n.月,月份mood n.心情,情绪*moon n.月亮,月球moonlight n.月光moral a.道德(上)的,有道德的 n.1.道德 2.寓意*more a.更多的,更大的 ad.更 n.较多的量moreover ad.而且,此外*morning n.早晨,上午mosquito n.蚊子*most a.1.最多的,最大的 2.大多数的,大部分的 ad.1.最 2.非常,十分 n.大多数,大部分*mother n.母亲,妈妈motion n.1.(物体的)运动 2.手势,动作 3.提议,动议 vt.(向…)打手势,示意motivate vt.作为…的动机,激发motivation n.动机;动力motive n.动机,目的*motor n.1.发动机,发电机 2.机动车,汽车mount n.山,峰mount v.1.登上 2.安装,安放*mountain n.山,[复]山脉mouse([复]mice) n.1.老鼠 2.[计]鼠标*mouth n.嘴,口*move vt.1.移动,搬动 2.感动,激动 vi.1.移动 2.搬家,迁移 n.动作,行动*movement n.1.运动,活动 2.移动,迁移movie n.电影moving a.1.活动的,移动的 2.动人的,令人感动的mph(m.p.h.) (=mile per hour)每小时英里数,英里/小时*much a.许多,大量的,很大程度的 n.许多,大量 ad.1.非常,很 2.[加强比较级或最高级]…多,更… 3.经常mud n.泥,泥浆multi(-)media a.1.多种手段的 2.多媒体的,同时使用形、光、声效果的n.多媒体,多媒体的使用multiple a.多样的,复合的 n.倍数*murder vt./n.谋杀,凶杀muscle n.1.肌肉 2.力量,实力muscular a.1.肌肉的 2.强有力的muse v./n.沉思,冥想*museum n.博物馆*music n.音乐musical a.音乐的;悦耳的musician n.音乐家,作曲家*must aux.1.必须,无比 2.必定,一定mutual a.1.相互的 2.共有的,共同的*my pron.[I的所有格]我的*myself pron.1.[反复代词]我自己 2.我亲自,我本人mysterious a.神秘的,难理解的mystery n.神秘,神秘的事物MBA英语词汇:N部分*nail n.1.钉子 2.指甲,爪 vt.钉牢naked a.赤裸的,裸露的*name n.1.名字,姓名,名称 2.名声,名誉 vt.1.给…起名,命名 2.提名namely ad.即,也就是*narrow a.狭窄的*nation n.国家,民族*national n.1.国家的,全国的 2.民族的nationality n.国籍;民族*native a.本族的,本国的 n.本族人,本国人*natural a.1.天然的,自然界的 2.自然的,正常的 3.出自本性的,天赋的*nature n.1.自然界,大自然 2.性质,天性,本性navigation n.航行,导航navy n.海军*near prep.靠近,接近 a.近的,亲近的 ad.近,在近处nearby a.附近 ad.在附近*nearly ad.几乎,差不多neat a.整洁的,简洁,整齐的necessarily ad.必然,必定*necessary a.1.必要的,必需的 2.必然的necessity n.1.需要,必要性 2.必需品*neck n.劲,脖子*need vt.需要,须要 aux.需要,必须 n.1.需要(物品) 2.缺少,贫困 needle n.针,针状物needless a.不需要的,不必要的negative a.1.否定的,否认的 2.反面的,消极的 3.[数]负的,[电]阴性的 n.1.负片,底片 2.负数neglect vt.1.忽视,忽略 2.疏忽 n.忽略,疏忽negotiate vt.谈判,协商Negro([复]Negroes) n.黑人 a.黑人的*neighbo(u)r n.1.邻居 2.邻近的人(或物),邻国neighbo(u)rhood n.四邻,邻近地区,附近*neither conj./ad.也不 a.两者都不 pron.(两者之中)都不nephew n.侄子,外甥nerve n.1.神经 2.勇气,胆量nervous a.1.神经系统的 2.神经紧张的nest n.巢,窝*net n.网,网状系统 a.净的,纯的network n.1.[纺]网眼织物 2.网状物,网络neutral a.1.中立的 2.中性的neutron n.[物]中子*never ad.1.决不 2.从不,永远不nevertheless ad.仍然,然而,不过*new a.1.新的,新近的 2.生疏的,新接触的newly ad.1.新近,最近 2.重新;以新的方法*news n.新闻*newspaper n.报纸*next a.1.下一个,紧接在后的 2.贴近的,紧邻的 ad.1.接下去,然后,下次 2. 次于*nice a.不错的,可爱的niece n.侄女,外甥女*night n.夜,夜晚*nine num.九*nineteen num.十九*ninety num.九十*ninth num.第九 n.九分之一nitrogen n.氮*no ad.不,不是,没有 a.1.没有的,极少的 2.不许的,不可能的 3.完全不是的,远非的*noble a.1.贵族的,高贵的 2.高尚的 n.贵族*nobody pron.没有人,无人*nod v./n.点头,点头表示同意*noise n.1.噪音,喧哗声 2.响声,声音nominate vt.1.提名 2.任命 3.命名nominee n.被提名者;被任命者non-verbal a.非词语的,非语言的*none pron.没有一人(或物),没有一点 ad.毫不,毫无nonsense n.胡说,废话noon n.正午,中午*nor conj./ad.也不,也没有normal a.正常的,正规的 n.正常状态*north n.北方,北部 ad.向北方 a.北方的,北部的,来自北方的*northern a.北方的,北部的northeast n.东北方,东北部 ad.向东方 a.东北的,东北部的,来自东北的northwest n.西北方,西北部 ad.向西北 a.西北的,西北部的,来自西北的*nose n.1.鼻子 2.突出部分*not ad.不,没,不是*note n.1.短笺,便条 2.记录,笔记 3.注解,按语 4.票据,钞票 vt.1.记录,记下 2.注意,留意*nothing pron.没有东西,没有事情 n.无关紧要的人(或事)*notice vt.注意到,觉察到 n.1.注意,觉察 2.通知,布告notion n.1.概念 2.想法;看法noun n.名词nourish vt.滋补品,营养novel n.小说*November n.十一月*now ad.1.现在,如今 2.现在就,马上 3.这时候nowadays ad.现今,现在nuclear a.1.核子的,核能的 2.核心的,中心的nucleus([复]nuclei/nucleuses) n.(原子)核,核心*number n.1.数目,数码 2.号码,编号numerical a.数字的,用数字表示的;数值的numerous a.无数的*nurse n.护士,保姆,保育员 vt.护理,照料*nut n.1.干果,坚果,果仁 2.螺母,螺帽nutrient a.营养的,滋养的。
公共管理硕士(MPA)重要英语词汇一览-MPA考试force,enforce,reinforce,report,scope,spirit,decline,climate,lendto,acc use,afford,anxiety,atmosphere,blame,bargain,calculate,circle,confide nce,conscious,convince,custom,desperate,encourage,discourage,econ omic,economy,motive,promote,emotional,motion,failto,flat,install,in timate,limit,major,nomatter,neutral,outlet,perform,inform,formal,nor mal,radiate,authority,companion,concept,create,creature,dentist,ident ify,identical,identity,engage,entitle,evaluate,fluid,influence,fortune,f ulfill,general,intense,interpret,justice,adjust,judge,minor,observe,des erve,preserve,parallel,percept,stuff,surroundings,transport,transmit,tr ansform,undergo,wander,wonder,widespread,ambition,approach,brie f,conquer,result,consult,insult,deliberate,despair,compare,emergence, emergency,establish,exhaust,expand,fade,frustrate,handy,incredible,i nherit,conference,infer,offer,interfere,length,manufacture,mood,nece ssity,noble,occasion,occasional,output,oversea,pattern,plunge,practic e,practical,recognize,release,rescue,maintain,remain,obtain,entertain, rural,urban,similarto,trial,trail,witness,absolute,accumulate,inadvanc e,advanced,advantage,agent,appeal,application,point,appoint,approxi mate,barrier,claim,climate,complicate,comprise,considerable,resume ,consume,assume,contact,convict,crew,crucial,define,definite,deliver ,disaster,disorder,diverse,economic,alert,exert,facility,faith,faithful,g ap,sympathy,trace,track,visual,vision,worship,apparatus,brand,civil,c larity,declare,combine,connect,consider,insert,desert,drown,external,frank,press,impress,pressure,depress,express,indispensable,inspect,re spect,prospect,perspective,peculiar,particular,likely,inquire,require,a cquire,request,result,consult,insult,spray,announce,pronounce,appare nt,boundary,frontier,nullity,debate,decrease,increase,reduce,include,c onclude,exclude,federal,firm,forecast,foresee,grateful,integrate,divid e,individual,fence,defense,offend,portion,proper,property,reputation, restrict,loyal,royal,spot,terminal,alter,alternate,alternative,concrete,c onsequent,explode,explore,exploit,hesitate,imagine,influence,innoce nt,guilty,persuade,possess,sample,support,vital,burden,elect,select,co llect,collective,contribute,distribute,attribute,abuse,prejudice,avoid,e scape,capture,compete,effort,enthusiasm,involve,evolve,imply,reply, multiply,issue,modify,occur,opponent,prefer,refer,publish,punish,rate ,award,reward,shelter,skim,inspiteof,temporary,vehicle,ancestorasso ciate,refuse,confuse,describe,display,dueto,error,essential,fresh,obvi ous,visible,invisible,previous,recall,relate,soil,spoil,stimulate,suffer,t ense,accompany,analyze,conflict,convenient,derive,deprive,thrive,do minate,element,gallery,interval,lock,lack,match,ideal,reality,ignore,i gnorant,independent,inspire,motion,promote,remote,motive,numero us,relevant,retreat,straight,suicide,trick,weigh,tempt,attempt,contract ,attract,candidate,commercial,communicate,contain,coordinate,respo nd,correspond,emphasis,enclose,focus,instinct,investigate,invest,ma nner,mere,nerve,political,policy,reliable,resemble,assemble,shape,sophisticate,stain,strain,symbol,triumph,upright,vigorous,benefit,profit ,characterize,circumstance,chainstore,concentrate,delegate,diligent,d ispute,estimate,factor,intentional,occupy,inject,reject,object,project,s ubject,scenery,survive,revive,temper,vary,accelerate,behave,concern, continue,deny,distance,insure,invade,mature,mental,monitor,mysteri ous,neglect,purpose,raw,refurbish,remove,restore,resort,scarcely,spe cific,target,alarm,approve,certify,certificate,frost,fund,genuine,intend ,material,memory,primitive,propose,ruin,shadow,contrary,sufficient, accent,actually,adequate,anxious,attach,awkward,budget,capture,cha nnel,circulate,community,company,consent,cooperate,cultivate,depar t,devote,dismiss,distant,enhance,eventually,fierce,manage,overnight, passion,passive,postpone,progress,pursue,react,render,sense,treat,tre aty,capacity,civilian,compel,contradiction,crack,curiosity,departure,d evise,device,secure,accurate,depend,distinguish,plain,complain,expl ain,financial,hurt,injure,harm,destroy,ruin,comprise,contain,embody, subsume,construct,structure,isolate,labor,task,overlook,overcome,res ist,insist,state,supreme,superior,volume,absorb,account,achieve,univ ersal,convert,reverse,apply,applicable,applicant,application,broad,bo ard,cancel,casual,cancer,classify,comfort,submit,permit,emit,comple x,conduct,constant,core,demand,command,comment,commend,ment al,recommend,mention,design,signal,significant,protect,detect,point, appoint,appointment,disappoint,duration,durable,employ,excess,exceed,success,succeed,process,proceed,false,impose,indicate,predict,op portunity,personal,pose,dispose,expose,suppose,oppose,compose,im pose,deposit,poison,poverty,cautious,prove,improve,record,relieve,si ncere,troop,upset,violent,welfare,abundant,advocate,affect,effect,effe ctive,efficient,campaign,cause,commission,component,content,intent ion,crisis,critic,critical,destination,discard,discipline,anticipate,partic ipate,principal,principle,familiar,feature,feasible,indifferent,provide,r ecover,standard,thorough,morally,virtually,dealwith,copewith,doubt,执行,density,corporation,currency,current,demonstrate,countless,discou nt,extraordinary,graduate,gradually,precious,precise,appreciate,reluct ant,unwilling,sharp,shape,source,strength,length,supply,drop,endure, evident,enormous,intensive,preference,produce,reflect,scale,semeste r,shift,talent,threat,typical,vain,volunteer,accomplish,analysis,assist, persist,insist,resist,consist,colony,confront,conventional,descend,don ate,elementary,eliminate,frequent,incline,instant,merit,military,preve nt,represent,restrain,academic,available,challenge,continent,elaborat e,function,generous,illustrate,measure,narrow,option,phenomenon,pr ohibit,panic,pretend,prompt,regulate,shrink,swallow,uniform,artifici al,creature,determine,distinct,encounter,environment,fatigue12。
AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船(飞机,车)prep.在(船,飞机,车)上,上(船,飞机,车)abortionn.流产,夭折aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于abusen.滥用,虐待,辱骂;陋习,弊端V 滥用,虐待,辱骂academica.学院的;学术的acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近(或进入)的方法have/gain access to可以获得accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成according to按照,根据accountn.账(目,户);叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明(原因等)on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.(of)控告,谴责accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得achievementn. 完成;达到, ,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acquirev.取得,获得;学到acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activistn.积极分子,活动分子actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的ActuallyAd.事实上ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的v.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇advertisev.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知v.提倡,鼓吹aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterv.改变,变更althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的,ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣)analysisn.分析,分解analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具appliantn.申请者applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的archaeologyn.考古学architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrangementn.安排,准备工作;整理,布置arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assessv.估价,评价assetn. (pl.)资产,财产;有用的资源,宝贵的人/物;优点,益处assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位)atomn.原子;微粒,微量atomica.原子的,原子能的attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等) attractionn.吸引,吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为auctionn.拍卖vt.拍卖audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见audion./a.声音(的),听觉(的);音频(的),音响(的)Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automobilen.汽车autumn n.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李balancev.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankern. 银行家bankrupta.破产的barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物)v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的Basicallyad.基本地,根本地basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beggarn.乞丐,穷人beginv.开始beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统birthdayn. 生日biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板bladen. 刀刃,刀片;叶片;翼blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破bleedv.出血,流血blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事boringa.令人厌烦的n. 钻孔borna. 出生的;天生的,生来的n.(心)胸borrowvt. 借,借用bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boxingn. 拳击boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印bravea.勇敢的breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅breakv.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额browsev./n.浏览brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budgetn.预算v.做预算buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼buildingn.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulletn.子弹,枪弹bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley bus无轨电车bushn.灌木(从)businessn.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责on business因公,因事busya.忙的,繁忙的;(with)忙于...的v.使忙于butconj.可是,但是,而;除...外prep.除...外ad.只,仅仅,不过but for除...以外,倘没有,除非butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油v.涂黄油于...上butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.纽扣,按钮(开关)v.扣紧;扣上纽扣buyv.(购)买n.购买,买卖byprep.在...旁,靠近;被,由;经,沿,通过;不迟于,到...时为止;根据,按照;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过ad.在近旁,经过byeint. 再见CCabn.出租车cabbagen.洋白菜,卷心菜cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋cabinetn.橱柜;内阁cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳v.拍电报cagen.鸟笼caken.饼,(蛋)糕calciumn. 钙calculatevt. 计算,推算;估计,推测;计划,打算calculatorn. 计算器calendarn.日历,月历calln.叫喊,呼声;(电话)通话v.叫(喊),招呼;把...叫做,称...为;(on,at)访问,拜访;打电话calma.(天气,海洋等)静的,平静的;镇静的,沉着的n.平静,风平浪静v.(使)平静;(使)镇定cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营v.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能,会;可以;可能n.罐头v.装罐头Canadiana.加拿大的n.加拿大人canaln.运河;(沟)渠cancelv.取消,把...作废;删去,划掉cancern.癌candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者candlen.蜡烛candyn.糖果n.帆布;油画布,油画capn.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于...顶端capabilityn. 能力,才能;性能,容量capablea.有本领的,有能力的;(of)可以...的,能...的capacityn.容量,容积;能量,能力;接受力capitaln.首都,首府;大写字母;资本,资金a.首位的,最重要的,基本的captainn.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做...的首领,指挥capturev./n.捕获,俘虏v.夺得,攻占carn.车(辆),汽车;(火车)车厢carbonn.碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳cardn.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片ID card身份证credit card信用卡caren.小心,谨慎,注意;关怀,操心,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较careern.生涯,经历;专业,职业carefula.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的cargon.船货,货物carpetn.地毯carriagen.(四轮)马车;(火车)客车厢carriern.搬运人;载体carrotn.胡罗卜carryv.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带cartoonn.漫画,幽默画;动画片casen.箱,盒,容器;情况,事实;病例;案件in any case无论如何,总之in case假如,以防(万一),免得in case of假使,万一in no case决不cashn.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款castv.投,扔,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的,非正式的catn.猫catalog/cataloguen.目录(册)v.编目(录)catchv.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到categoryn.种类,类目catchvt.捕,捉;赶上;感染,染上病;听清楚cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜causen.原因,理由;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起caven.洞,穴ceilingn.天花板celebratev.庆祝celln.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池Celsiusa.摄氏的cementn.水泥;胶泥,胶接剂v.胶合;巩固,加强centn.分(币);百per cent百分之center/centren.中心(区),中央v.集中centigraden./a.摄氏温度计(的);百分度(的) centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge of担任,负责chartn.图,图表chasev./n.追逐,追求chatv./n.闲谈,聊天cheapa.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的cheatv.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为checkv.检查,核对;制止,控制;(凭票)托运或寄存n.(=cheque)检查,核对;方格图案,格子织物check/chequen.支票cheekn.面颊,脸cheerv.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼cheerfula.愉快的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.[pl.]化学制品,化学药品chemistn.化学家;药剂师chemistryn.化学cheque/checkn.支票,空白支票;总收入chessn.棋chestn.胸腔,胸膛;箱,柜chewv.咀嚼;思量chickenn.小鸡,小鸟;鸡(肉)chiefa.主要的,首要的n.首领,领袖child([pl.]children)n.小孩,儿童,儿女childhoodn.幼年,童年chilln.寒冷,寒气,寒战v.使寒冷chillya.寒冷的chimneyn.烟囱chinn.下巴,颏chinan.瓷器Chinan.中国Chinesen.中国人;中国话;中文,汉语a.中国(人)的,中国话的,汉语的chipn.切屑,碎片;(土豆等的)薄片;集成电路块chocolaten.巧克力(糖),赭色choicen.选择(机会),抉择;供选择的种类,选择项;入选者,精华a.精选的,上等的,优等的choosev.选择,挑选;甘愿chopv.砍,劈,斩n.排骨,肉块Christiann.基督教徒a.基督教徒的Christmasn.圣诞节churchn.教堂;[C-]教会cigarette/cigaretn.香烟,纸烟,卷烟cineman.电影院;电影,影片circlen.圆,圆周;圈子,集团;周期,循环v.环绕,旋转circuitn.环行,周线,巡回;电路,线路circulara.圆(形)的,环形的;循环的n.传单,通报circulatev.(使)循环,(使)流通circumstancen.[pl.]情况,形势,环境;经济情形,境况citizenn.公民;市民,居民cityn.城市,都市civila.公民的,市民的;国内的,民间的;民用的;有礼貌的,文明的;文职的civilization/civilisationn.文明,文化civilize/civilisev.使文明,开化claimv.要求;声称,主张;索赔n.要求;主张,断言;索赔;权利,要求权,所有权clarifyv.澄清,阐明clarityn.清晰,明晰classn.班级,年级;(一节)课;阶级,阶层;等级,类别v.把...分类(或分等)classicn.[pl.]杰作,名著a.第一流的,不朽的,古典的classicala.经典的,古典(文学)的classificationn.分类,分级classifyv.分类,分等(级)classmaten.同班同学classroomn.教室,课堂clausen.(正式文件或法律文件的)条款;从句,分句clawn.爪,脚爪clayn.粘土,泥土cleana.清洁的,干净的;洁白的v.打扫,使干净cleara.清晰的,明白的;清朗的;清澈的,明亮的;畅通的,无阻的ad.清楚地,清晰地,明白地v.澄清,清除,扫清;使清澈,使清楚变晴clerkn.职员,办事员;店员clevera.聪明的,伶俐的,机敏的,精巧的Clickn. 一击clientn.顾客;(诉讼)委托人cliffn.悬崖;峭壁climaten.气候;风气,社会思潮climbv./n.攀登,爬clingv.(to)粘住;依附;坚持clinicn.诊所clinical a. 门诊的,临床的clockn.钟clonen.克隆v.克隆coden.代码,代号,密码,编码closev.关,闭;结束,了结n.结束,了结a.(to)近的,接近的;关闭着的;秘密的,不公开的;严密的,紧密的ad.接近地,紧密地clothn.(一块)布,织物,衣料clothev.(给…)穿衣,供给...衣服clothesn.衣服clothingn.服装,被褥cloudn.云(状物);遮暗物,阴影;一大群cloudya.多云的,阴(天)的;混浊的,模糊的clubn.俱乐部,夜总会;社团;棍棒,球棒cluen.线索,暗示coachn.(铁路)客车,长途汽车,大客车;辅导员,教练,私人教师v.教练,辅导,指导coaln.煤,煤块coarsea.粗糙的,粗劣的;粗鲁的,粗俗的coastn.海岸,海滨coatn.外套,上衣;皮毛,表皮,涂层v.涂上,盖上,包上cockn.公鸡,雄鸡;龙头,开关coden.代码,代号,密码;法典,法规,规划coffeen.咖啡(色)coilv.卷,盘绕n.(一)卷,(一)圈;线圈,绕组coinn.硬币,货币v.铸造(硬币),创造(新词)colda.寒冷的;冷淡的n.感冒;寒冷collapsev./n.倒坍,崩溃,垮台collarn.衣领;环状物colleaguen.同事,同僚collectv.收集,搜集;领取,接走;收(税等);聚集,堆积collectionn.收藏(品),收集(物)collectiven.集体a.集体的,共同的collegen.学院,高等专科学校,大学collidev.碰撞,冲突;(with)抵触collisionn.碰撞,冲突colonyn.殖民地color/colourn.颜色,彩色;颜料;肤色v.给...着色,染colorfula. 多彩;丰富多彩的columnn.圆柱,柱状物;列;(报刊中的)专栏combinationn.结合,联合,合并;化合(物)combinev.(with)(使)结合,联合;(使)化合comev.来,来到;出现于,产生;是,成为;开始,终于come off实现,成功,奏效come on请,来吧,跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出场,上演come out出版,刊出;出现,显露,长出;结果是,结局是;被解出come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through经历,脱险come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原come true实现,达到come up走近,上来;发生,被提出come up to达到,符合come up with提出,提供comfortn.舒适,安逸;安慰,慰问v.安慰,使舒适comfortablea.舒适的,自在的commandn.命令,指令;统帅,指挥(权);掌握,运用能力v.命令;指挥,统帅commandern.司令官,指挥官commentn.注释,评论,意见v.(on)注释,评论commercen.商业,贸易commerciala.商业的,商务的,贸易的commissionn.委员会;委任,委托(书),代办;佣金,手续费commitv.把...交托给,提交;犯(错误),干(坏事)committeen.委员会,全体委员commodityn.商品,物品commona.普通的,平常的;(to)共同的,公共的in common共用,共有,共同communicatev.传达,传送;交流;通讯,通话communicationn.通讯,传达,传送,交流;[pl.]通讯系统;[pl.]交通(工具)communismn.共产主义communista.共产主义的communityn.同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;共同体companionn.同伴,共事者;伴侣companyn.公司,商号;陪伴,同伴;宾客,客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)队,(一)伙keep company with与...交往,与...结伴comparablea.(with,to)可比较的,比得上的comparativea.比较的,相当的comparev.(with,to)比较,相比,对比;比作compare...to把...比作comparisonn.比较,对比,比喻,比拟by comparison比较起来compelv.强迫,迫使compensatev.(for)补偿,赔偿competev.比赛;竞争competenta.有能力的,胜任的competitionn.比赛;竞争competitorn.竞争者,敌手complainv.(about,of)抱怨;申诉complaintn.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病completea.完全的,圆满的v.完成,结束,使完满complexa.复杂的;合成的,综合的n.联合体complicateda.错综复杂的,麻烦的,难解的complicationn.复杂,纠纷;并发症componentn.组成部分,成分,元件,部件a.组成的,合成的composev.组成,构成;(of)由...组成;创作(作曲,诗歌等)composern.作曲家;创作者compositionn.作品,作文,乐曲;写作,作曲;结构,组成,成分compoundn.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的,复合的comprehensiona.理解(力),领悟computern.计算机,电脑;计算者concealv.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽concentratev.(on)集中,专心;浓缩n.浓缩物concentrationn.专注,专心;集中;浓度conceptn.概念,观念,思想concernv.涉及,关系到v./n.关心,挂念n.(利害)关系as/so far as...be concerned就...来说be concened with关心,挂念,从事于concertn.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致concludev.结束,终止;断定,下结论;缔结,议定conclusionn.结束,终结;结论,推论in conclusion最后,总之concretea.具体的,有形的,实质性的n.混凝土v.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemnv.谴责,指责;判刑,宣告有罪conditionn.状况,状态;[pl.]环境,形势,条件on condition that在...条件下conditionern.调节装置,空调conductn.行为,举动,品行v.引导,带领;处理,管理;指挥(乐队);传导,传(热,电等)conductionn.传导conductorn.领队,(乐队)指挥;(电车等的)售票员,列车员;导体,导线conferencen.会议,讨论会confidencen.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密confidentn.(of,in)确信的,自信的confirmv.使更坚固,使更坚定;(进一步)证实;确认,批准conflictn.战斗,斗争;抵触,冲突v.(with)抵触,冲突confusev.使混乱,混淆confusionn.混乱,混淆congratulatev.(on)祝贺,向...致贺词congratulationn.(on)祝贺,[pl.]祝贺词congressn.(代表)大会;[Congress](美国等国的)国会,议会connectv.(with)连接,连结connection/connexionn.联系,连接conquerv.征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等)consciencen.良心,良知consciousa.(of)意识到的,自觉的;有意识的,神志清醒的conservevt..保存,保护,节约;守恒,不灭considerv.认为,把...看作;考虑,细想;体谅,照顾considerablea.相当大(或多)的,可观的;值得考虑的consideratea.考虑周到的,体谅的considerationn.需要考虑的事,理由;考虑,思考;体谅,照顾consistv.(in)在于,存在于;(of)由…组成,由...构成consequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的constanta.经常的,不断的;坚定的,永恒的,忠实的n.常数,恒量n.成分,要素constructv.建设,建造,构造;创立consultv.与...商量,请教;查阅;(with)商量,商议。
最新mpa专业英语单词预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制专业单词:1客体object ;2主体subject;3我国our country;4农村rural area;5城市urban;6特点feature;7干预intervention;8模式mode;9市场经济market economy;10计划经济planned economy;11转型期transition period;12途径approach;13规则regulation;14范围scope/area;15内容content;16力度;通货膨胀inflation;17财政赤字financial deficit;18传统traditional;19现代modern;20强调emphasize;21权力authority;22社会和谐harmonious society;23科学发展观scientific outlook on 24 development;25西方国家the western country;26协调harmonize;27结构structure;28优点弱点机会挑战SWOT strength 29 weakness opportunity threaten;30 阶段period;31经济人economic man;32官僚制bureaucracy;33因素;参与participant;34期望anticipate;35中国共产党CCP China communist 36 party;37自主权autonomy;38逐渐gradually;39社区community;40优点/缺点merit/demerit;41创造create;42调查investigate;43背景background;44西方国家western country;45引入竞争机制introduce46competition into;47市场化marketization;48社会化socialization;49市场机制market mechanism;50增长率growth rate;51合法、法治、负责、透明、有效52 legally、rule of law、53accountability、transparency、54 effectiveness;55放权/授权代理devolution;56定义definition;57分权decentralization;58质疑suspicion;59地方自治local autonomy;60自上而下/自下而上top61down/bottom up;62经济危机economic crisis;63多样的multiple;64宏观调控macroeconomic control;65微观经济microeconomic;66资源有效配置efficient67allocation of resources;68努力effort;69通过via/through;70分配assign;71政企分开separate government 72 function from enterprise73management;74制度system;75根本目的the fundamental goal;76基本原则the fundamental77principle;78必要条件necessary conditions;79必要手段necessary means;80要素element;81提高uplift;82信誉reputation;83局限性limitation;84规划plan;85开发develop;86预测;预测forecast;完善perfect;87needful需要的;88监督supervise/supervision;89农民peasant;90网友net friend;91同事colleague;92极美的gorgeous;93推进promotion94专业词组:95 面临挑战face the96challenge;97抓住机遇seize the opportunity;98 迎接挑战meet the challenge;99建立健全establish and improve;100 加入WTO accession to WTO;;101采取有效措施take effective102measures;103源于derive from;104深化改革deepen the reform;105维护社会稳定maintain social 106 stability;107加大力度strengthen the efforts 108 to;109转变职能adjust the government 110 functions;111合同外包contract services;112连接词组:113随着…along with;114把…看作regard as;115在过去in the past;116当前currently;117在…条件下on condition that;11820世纪70年代末/初the119late/early 1970s(念the seventieth 120 of the 20th century);121加大力度strengthen the effort 122 to;123加快改革accelerate the reform;124在20世纪in the 20th century;125与……相比compared with;126主要体现在mainly embodies at;127由于as a result of/due128to/because of;主要类型如下the 129principal types are as follows;130解决……矛盾resolve the131contradiction of;132优点/缺点是the133advantage/disadvantage;134根据……标准according to the 135standard of;因此therefore/thus;136 把……分类为classify …as…;137一方面,另一方面on one hand,on 138the other hand;139专业名词:140公共管理硕士 master of public 141administration;142公共组织143public organization;公共部门144public sector;145政府改革government reform;146治理governance;147善治good governance;148管理者Manager;149行政者administrator;150公共行政Public administration;151 公共管理public management;152公共政策public policy;153public affair公共事务;154公共物品public goods;155私人物品private goods;156非政府组织/非营利组织NGO/NPO 157 Non-governmental158Organization/Non-Profit159Organization;160组织organization;161第三部门the third sector;162经合组织OECD Organization for 163 Economic Co-operation and164Development;165政府间关系IGR166intergovernmental relations;绩效167 管理performance management;168战略管理strategic management;169 问责制government170accountability;171政府工具 governmental tool;172全面质量管理TQM total quality 173 management;174目标管理MBO management by175objectives;标杆管理benchmarking 176 management;177 政府作用government role;178公共政策public policy;179人力资源管理HRM human resource 180 management;181公共经济管理public economy182management;公共管理伦理public 183 administration ethics;政府工具184 governmental tool;185政府失败government failures;186新公共管理new public management;187 绩效评估performance188evaluation;189流程再造process190re-engineering;191。
MPA联考英语大纲词汇a [e,ei,4]art.一,一个,(同类事物中的)任何一个,每一(个)an [4n,1n]art.一,一个,(同类事物中的)任何一个,每一(个)abandon [4'b1nd4n]v.放弃,抛弃abide [4'baid]v.遵守,坚持ability [4'biliti]n.能力,智能,才能able ['eib4l]a.能够的,有能力的,能干的abnormal [1b'n3:m4l]a.反常的,不正常的aboard [4'b3:d]ad./prep.在船(飞机,车)上abolish [4'b3li5]v.废除,废止,取消abortion [4'b3:54n]n.流产,早产,堕胎;(计划等的)失败abound [4'baund]v.丰富,盛产,富足about [4'baut]ad.在四周,到处,在周围;大约 prep.关于,对于,在...周围,在...附近above [4'b8v]prep.在...上面;上述的 a./ad.在上面abroad [4'br3:d]ad.在国外,在海外;到处absence ['1bs4ns]n.缺席,不在场absent ['1bs4nt,4b'sent]a.缺席的;漫不经心的,心不在焉absolute ['1bs4lu:t]a.绝对的,完全的;专制的absorb [4b's3:b]v.吸收;吸引,使专心abstract ['1bstr1kt]a.抽象的,难解的 n.摘要,概要,文摘absurd [4b's4:d]a.荒谬的,荒唐的abundant [4'b8nd4nt]a.大量的,丰富的,充裕的abuse [4'bju:z]v.滥用;虐待,辱骂academic [`1k4'demik]a.学院的,学术的accelerate [4k'sel4reit]v.使加速,促进accent ['1ks4nt,1k'sent]n.重音,口音accept [4k'sept]v.接受,认可,赞同acceptable [4k'sept4b4l]a.可接受的,合意的,受到欢迎的acceptance [4k'sept4ns]n.接受,认可,赞同access ['1kses]n.享用;机会;接近,进入;通道accident ['1ksid4nt]n.事故,意外事情accidental [`1ksi'dentl]a.偶然的;意外的accommodate [4'k3m4deit]v.容纳,接纳;提供住宿;使适应accompany [4'k8mp4ni]v.陪伴,伴随;为...伴奏accomplish [4'k8mpli5]v.达到(目的),完成according [4'k3:di6]a.相符的,按照,依据account [4'kaunt]n.描述,解释;账,账目v.报账;说明,解释accumulate [4'kju:mjuleit]v.积累,积聚accurate ['1kjur4t]a.准确的,精确的accuse [4'kju:z]v.谴责,指控,控告accustom [4'k8st4m]v.使习惯ache [eik]n.疼痛,酸痛achieve [4't5i:v]v.完成,实现,达到,得到acid ['1sid]a.酸acknowledge [4k'n3lid9]v.承认;致谢acquaintance [4'kweint4ns]n.熟人,相识,了解acquire [4'kwai4]v.获得,取得acre ['eik4]n.英亩across [4'kr3s]ad./prep.横越,穿过act [1kt]n.行为,动作;幕;法令 v.行动,做,起作用;表演action ['1k54n]n.行动,动作;作用;战斗;诉讼active ['1ktiv]a.活动的,活泼的,积极的activity [1k'tiviti]n.活动actor ['1kt4]n.男演员actress ['1ktris]n.女演员actual ['1kt5u4l]a.实际的,现实的acute [4'kju:t]a.尖锐的,剧烈的,严重的A.D. ['ei'di:]n.公元ad [1d](=advertisement)n.广告,登广告adapt [4'd1pt]v.使适应add [1d]v.加,增加,增进addition [4'di54n]n.加法,增加address [4'dres]n.地址;演说;称呼 v.(致函)写地址;对...讲话adequate ['1d4kw4t]a.足够的;恰当的adhere [4d'hi4]v.坚持;追随adjective ['1d9iktiv]n./a.形容词,形容词的adjust [4'd98st]v.调节,调整administer [4d'minist4]v.管理,支配;经营administration [4d`minis'trei54n]n.管理,经营;行政,行政机关admire [4d'mai4]v.羡慕,钦佩admission [4d'mi54n]n.接纳,允许进入;承认admit [4d'mit]v.让...进入,招收,承认adult ['1d8lt]n.成年人advance [4d'v2:ns]v.推进,向前进;提出 n.前进,进展;提升advanced [4d'v2:nst]a.前进的,先进的advantage [4d'v2:ntid9]n.有利条件,优点;利益,好处adventure [4d'vent54]n.冒险,惊险活动adverb ['1dv4:b]n.副词advice [4d'vais]n.忠告,意见advise [4d'vaiz]v.劝告,忠告affair [4'fe4]n.事件,事情,(pl.)事务affect [4'fekt]v.影响,感动affection [4'fek54n]n.爱,情感afford [4'f3:d]v.负担得起,买得起;供给afraid [4'freid]a.害怕的,担心的,恐怕Africa ['1frik4]n.非洲African ['1frik4n]a.非洲的,非洲人的after ['2:ft4]prep./conj./ad.在...后afternoon [`2:ft4'nu:n]n.下午afterward ['2:ft4w4d]ad.以后,后来again [4'gein]ad.再,重新against [4'genst]prep.对,反对,违反;靠age [eid9]n.年龄;时代 v.变老agent ['eid94nt]n.代理人,代表;动因,作用物aggression [4'gre54n]n.侵略,侵略行为aggressive [4'gresiv]a.侵略的,爱寻衅的;有进取心的ago [4'g4u]ad.以前,前agree [4'gri:]v.同意,赞同,一致agreeable [4'gri:4b4l]a.惬意的,令人愉快的agreement [4'gri:m4nt]n.同意,一致,协定agriculture ['1grik8lt54]n.农业ahead [4'hed]ad.在前,前头aid [eid]v.援助,救援 n.援助,助手,救护;辅助物aim [eim]v.志在,旨在;针对,瞄准 n.目标air [e4]n.空气;外观,神态 v.使通气aircraft ['e4kr2:ft]n.飞机,飞行器airline ['e4lain]n.航线;航空公司airplane ['e4plein]n.飞机airport ['e4p3:t]n.机场,航空站alarm [4'l2:m]v.惊动,使惊恐 n.警报,惊慌alcohol ['1lk4h3l]n.酒精alert [4'l4:t]a.警觉的,警惕的alike [4'laik]a.相同的,相像的alive [4'laiv]a.活着的;活跃的,有生气的all [3:l]a.全部的 pron.全部,一切 ad.完全,都allege [4'led9]v.断言,宣称,主张;辩解alliance [4'lai4ns]n.联盟,同盟,联合;联姻allied ['1laid]a.联合的,同盟的,同盟国的;联姻的allow [4'lau]v.允许,承认almost ['3:lm4ust]ad.几乎,差不多alone [4'l4un]a./ad.独自,单独 ad.仅仅,只along [4'l36]ad.向前 prep.沿着aloud [4'laud]adv.出声地,大声地already [3:l'redi]ad.已经also ['3:ls4u]ad.也alter ['3:lt4]v.改变,变更alternate [3:l't4:nit,'3:lt4:neit] a.交替的,轮流的 v.交替,轮流although [3:l'04u]conj.即使,虽然altogether [`3:lt4'ge04]ad.完全,全部always ['3:lweiz]ad.永远,总是amateur ['1m4t4,`1m4't4:]a.业余的 n.业余爱好者amaze [4'meiz]v.使惊愕,使惊叹ambassador [1m'b1s4d4]n.大使,使节ambiguous [1m'bigju4s]a.模棱两可的ambition [1m'bi54n]n.雄心,野心ambitious [1m'bi54s]a.有雄心的,有野心的ambulance ['1mbjul4ns]n.救护车amendment [4'mendm4nt]n.改正,修正;修正案America [4'merik4]n.美洲,美国American [4'merik4n]a.美国的,美洲的 n.美国人amid [4'mid]prep.在...中among [4'm86]prep.在...中间amount [4'maunt]n.数量,数额,总数 v.合计amuse [4'mju:z]v.给...以娱乐,逗...笑,消遣analysis [4'n1l4sis]n.分析,解析analyze ['1n4laiz]v.分析,研究ancestor ['1ns4st4]n.祖宗,祖先ancient ['ein54nt]a.古代的,古老的and [4nd,1nd]conj.和,而且angel ['eind94l]n.天使anger ['16g4]n.愤怒,生气 v.使发怒,激怒angle ['16g4l]n.角,角度;观点angry ['16gri]a.愤怒的,生气的animal ['1nim4l]n.动物,牲畜anniversary [`1ni'v4:s4ri]n.周年纪念日,周年announce [4'nauns]v.宣告,宣布annoy [4'n3i]v.使恼怒,使生气annual ['1nju4l]a.每年的,年度的anonymous [4'n3nim4s]a.匿名的another [4'n804]a.另一 pron.另一个answer ['2:ns4]n.回答,答复,答案 v.回答,响应ant [1nt]n.蚂蚁anticipate [1n'tisipeit]v.预料,期望anxiety [16'zai4ti]n.担心,挂念;焦虑,渴望anxious ['16k54s]a.忧虑的,焦虑的,渴望的any ['eni]a. (否定,疑问,条件句中) 什么,一些;任何的,任一的 pron.无论哪个,无论哪些anybody ['eni`b3di,'enib4di](=anyone)pron.任何人,无论谁anyhow ['enihau]ad.无论如何,不管怎样anything ['eni7i6]pron.无论什么事物,任何事物anyway ['eniwei]ad.无论如何anywhere ['eniwe4]ad.无论何处apart [4'p2:t]ad.分离,隔开;相距apartment [4'p2:tm4nt]n.房间,(美)公寓apologize [4'p3l4d9aiz]v.道歉apology [4'p3l4d9i]n.道歉,歉意apparent [4'p1r4nt]a.显而易见的,表面的appeal [4'pi:l]v.呼吁,要求,申诉,上诉appear [4'pi4]v.出现,显露;好像是appetite ['1pitait]n.食欲,胃口;欲望applaud [4'pl3:d]v.喝彩,鼓掌;称赞,赞成apple ['1p4l]n.苹果;苹果树applicant ['1plik4nt]n.申请人application [`1pli'kei54n]n.申请,申请书;运用,实施apply [4'plai]v.申请;运用,实施,应用appoint [4'p3int]v.任命,委派;约定appraise [4'preiz]v.估价,评价,鉴定appreciate [4'pri:5ieit]v.感激,感谢;评价,欣赏,赏识approach [4'pr4ut5]v.接近,向...靠近 n.途径,方法appropriate [4'pr4upri`it,4'pr4uprieit] a.适当的,恰如其分的approve [4'pru:v]v.批准,赞同,同意approximate [4'pr3ksimit]a.近似的,大约的 v.接近April ['eipr4l]n.四月Arabian [4'reibj4n]a.阿拉伯(人)的 n.阿拉伯人architect ['2:kitekt]n.建筑师architecture ['2:kitekt54]n.建筑;建筑学area ['e4ri4]n.面积,地区,范围,领域argue ['2:gju:]v.辩论,争论,论证arise [4'raiz]v.出现,起来,由...引起,由...产生aristocracy [`1ris't3kr4si]n.贵族统治,寡头政治arm [2:m]n.手臂;武器,武装 v.武装,装备army ['2:mi]n.军队;大群around [4'raund]ad./prep.周围,到处,在附近arouse [4'rauz]v.唤醒,引起,唤起arrange [4'reind9]v.整理,布置,安排arrest [4'rest]v.逮捕,拘留arrive [4'raiv]v.到达,达成art [2:t]n.艺术,美术;技术;(pl.)文科article ['2:tik4l]n.文章;东西;冠词artificial [`2:ti'fi54l]a.人工的,人造的,人为的artist ['2:tist]n.艺术家;美术家as [4z]ad.一样,同样 conj.正当,由于;如...一样 prep.作为ash [15]n.灰,烟灰ashamed [4'5eimd]a.惭愧的,害臊的Asia ['ei54]n.亚洲Asian ['ei54n]a.亚洲的;亚洲人aside [4'said]ad.一旁,一边ask [2:sk]v.问,要求,请求asleep [4'sli:p]a.睡着的aspect ['1spekt]n.样子,外表;方面assemble [4'semb4l]v.集合,装配assembly [4'sembli]n.集会,会议,装配assess [4'ses]v.估价,评价assign [4'sain]v.分配;委派,指定assist [4'sist]v.帮助,援助assistant [4'sist4nt]n./a.助手,助教,辅助的associate [4's4u5ieit]v.使联系,使...联想,交往 n.合作人,伙伴,同事 a.副的association [4`s4usi'ei54n]n.协会,团体;联合,交往assume [4'sju:m]v.假定,设想;承担;采取,装出assumption [4's8mp54n]n.假定,设想assure [4'5u4]v.使确信,使放心,向...保证astonish [4'st3ni5]v.使惊讶astronaut ['1str4n3:t]n.宇航员at [1t]prep. (表地点,位置,场合)在,于;(表时刻,时节,年龄)在,当;(表目标,方向)向着;(表速度,价格)以,在...方面athlete ['17lit,'17li:t]n.运动员Atlantic [4t'l1ntik]a.大西洋的atmosphere ['1tm4sfi4]n.空气,大气层,气氛atom ['1t4m]n.原子,微粒,微量atomic [4't3mik]a.原子的attach [4't1t5]v.贴上,附上;依附,使隶属attack [4't1k]v./n.攻击,进攻,抨击,侵袭attain [4'tein]v.达到,获得attempt [4'tempt]v./n.企图,试图,尝试attend [4'tend]v.出席;照顾,护理;注意,专心于attendance [4'tend4ns]n.出席;出席人数attention [4'ten54n]n.注意;立正attitude ['1titju:d]n.态度,看法attract [4'tr1kt]v.吸引,招引attractive [4'tr1ktiv]a.有吸引力的,有魅力的audience ['3:di4ns]n.听众,观众August ['3:g4st]n.八月aunt [2:nt]n.婶母,姑母,伯母,姨母,舅母Australia [3'streili4]n.澳大利亚Australian [3'streili4n]a.澳大利亚的,澳洲的 n.澳大利亚人authentic [3:'7entik]a.可信的,权威的,有根据的author ['3:74]n.作者,创始人authoritarian [3:`73ri'te4ri4n]a.独裁主义的,权力主义的 n.独裁主义者,权力主义者authority [3:'73riti]n.权力,权威,威信;(pl.)当局,官方authorize ['3:74raiz]v.授权,委任,批准auto ['3:t4u](=automobile)n.汽车autocracy [3:'t3kr4si]n.独裁;专制制度automatic [`3:t4'm1tik]a.自动的;机械的autonomy [3:'t3n4mi]n.自治;自治权autumn ['3:t4m]n.秋available [4'veil4b4l]a.有用的,可得到的avenge [4'vend9]v.替...报仇avenue ['1v4nju:,'1vinju:]n.林荫道,大街average ['1v4rid9]n.平均,平均数 v.平均 a.平均的,通常的,一般的avoid [4'v3id]v.避免,回避,躲避await [4'weit]v.等待,期待awake [4'weik]a.醒着的,警觉的 v.唤醒,醒来,醒悟到award [4'w3:d]n.奖品 v.授予,奖给aware [4'we4]a.知道的,意识到的away [4'wei]ad.远离,离开awful ['3:ful]a.可怕的,令人敬畏的,威严的;极度的,极坏的awkward ['3:kw4d]a.粗笨的,笨拙的;为难的,尴尬的ax [1ks]n.斧子baby ['beibi]n.婴儿,孩子bachelor ['b1t54l4]n.单身汉;学士back [b1k]n.背;背后,后面 a.后面的 ad.向后background ['b1kgraund]n.背景,经历,背景情况backward ['b1kw4d]ad.向后 a.向后的;落后的bad [b1d]a.坏的,恶的,低劣的;严重的badly ['b1dli]ad.严重地,非常,厉害地bag [b1g]n.袋,提包,背包baggage ['b1gid9]n.行李balance ['b1l4ns]v.平衡,均衡 n.差额,结余;天平ball [b3:l]n.球,球状物;舞会ballet ['b1lei]n.芭蕾balloon [b4'lu:n]n.气球bamboo [`b1m'bu:]n.竹ban [b1n]n.禁止;禁令 v.禁止,取缔banana [b4'n2:n4]n.香蕉band [b1nd]n.条,带;乐队;一伙 v.缚,绑,扎bank [b16k]n.银行;岸,堤 v.存入银行bankrupt ['b16kr8pt]n.破产者 a.破产的 v.使破产bar [b2:]n.棍;棒;障碍;酒吧 v.闩上;阻挡,妨碍barber ['b2:b4]n.理发师bare [be4]a.赤裸的,光秃的;仅仅的,最起码的 v.露出,暴露bargain ['b2:gin]v.讨价还价 n.廉价货;契约,交易barrier ['b1ri4]n.障碍,屏障base [beis]n.基础,基地,根据地baseball ['beisb3:l]n.棒球basic ['beisik]a.基本的basin ['beis4n]n.盆,脸盆;盆地basis ['beisis]n.根据,基础basket ['b2:skit]n.篮子,篓basketball ['b2:skitb3:l]n.篮球bat [b1t]n.球拍;蝙蝠bath [b2:7]n.洗澡bathe [bei0]v.洗澡;浸,冲洗,沐浴battery ['b1t4ri]n.电(池)组battle ['b1tl]n.战斗,战役 v.战斗,斗争bay [bei]n.海湾,湾be [bi:]v.是,等于;存在,在beach [bi:t5]n.海滨,海滩bean [bi:n]n.豆,豆科植物bear [be4]n.熊 v.忍受,负担;结果实,生育beard [bi4d]n. (下巴上的) 胡子beast [bi:st]n.兽,牲畜;凶残的人beat [bi:t]v.打,打败;跳动beautiful ['bju:tiful]a.美的beauty ['bju:ti]n.美,美丽;美人because [bi'k3z]conj.因为become [bi'k8m]v.成为,变成;适合bed [bed]n.床,花圃;河床,海底;矿床bee [bi:]n.蜜蜂beef [bi:f]n.牛肉beer [bi4]n.啤酒before [bi'f3:]prep.在...之前,在...前面 ad.从前,早些时候beforehand [bi'f3:h1nd]ad.预先,事先beg [beg]v.乞讨;请求,恳求beggar ['beg4]n.乞丐begin [bi'gin]v.开始beginner [bi'gin4]n.初学者,新手beginning [bi'gini6]n.开端,开始behalf [bi'h2:f]n.利益behave [bi'heiv]v.表现,举止behavio(u)r [bi'heivi4]n.行为,举止behind [bi'haind]prep.在...后面,落后于 ad.在后,落后being ['bi:i6]n.生物;存在,生存belief [bi'li:f]n.相信,信仰,信念believe [bi'li:v]v.相信,信仰;认为bell [bel]n.钟,铃belong [bi'l36]v.属,附属below [bi'l4u]prep.在...下面,在...以下 ad.在下,下面belt [belt]n.带,腰带bench [bent5]n.长凳,工作台bend [bend]n.弯曲,曲折处beneath [bi'ni:7]prep.在...下方,在...之下 ad.在下方beneficial [`beni'fi54l]a.有益的benefit ['benifit]n.利益,效益 v.有利于,受益beside [bi'said]prep.在...旁边besides [bi'saidz]ad.而且,还有 prep.除...之外best [best]a.最好的 ad.最,最好bet [bet]v.赌,打赌 n.打赌,赌注betray [bi'trei]v.背叛,出卖;泄露,暴露better ['bet4]a.较好的 ad.更好 v.改善between [bi'twi:n]prep.在...中间,在...之间 ad.中间,当中beyond [bi'j3nd]prep.在...那边,在...以外 ad.在那边,在远处Bible ['baibl]n.圣经bicycle ['baisik(4)l](=bike) n.自行车big [big]a.大的,重要的bilateral [bai'l1t4r4l]a.两边的,双边的bill [bil]n.账单,单子;钞票billion ['bilj4n]n.10亿biography [bai'3gr4fi]n.个人经历,传记biology [bai'3l4d9i]n.生物学bipartisan [`baip2:ti'z1n]a.代表两党的bipolar [bai'p4ul4]a.两极的,双极的bird [b4:d]n.鸟birth [b4:7]n.出生,出身birthday ['b4:7dei]n.生日biscuit ['biskit]n.饼干bit [bit]n.一点,一些bite [bait]v./n.咬,叮 n.一口bitter ['bit4]a.苦的,痛苦的black [bl1k]a./n.黑,黑色 n.黑人blackboard ['bl1kb3:d]n.黑板blackmail ['bl1kmeil]v./n.敲诈,勒索blame [bleim]v.责备,责怪 n.责任,过失blank [bl16k]n.空白,空格 a.空白的blanket ['bl16kit]n.毛毯,毯子bleed [bli:d]v.出血,流血bless [bles]v.祝福,保佑blind [blaind]a.盲的,盲目的 v.使失明block [bl3k]v.阻塞,封锁 n.木块;街区;障碍物blood [bl8d]n.血;血统,血亲bloom [blu:m]v./n.开花 n.花,花朵blow [bl4u]v.吹气,吹,打气;爆炸,爆裂blue [blu:]a./n.蓝色(的),青色(的) a.伤心的,沮丧的blueprint ['blu:`print]n.蓝图board [b3:d]n.委员会;板,木板;包伙,包饭 v.上船(车、飞机等) boast [b4ust]v.夸口,夸耀 n.自夸,大话boat [b4ut]n.船,小船body ['b3di]n.身体,主体;尸体boil [b3il]v.沸腾,煮沸bold [b4uld]a.大胆的,冒失的bomb [b3m]n.炸弹 v.轰炸bond [b3nd]v.结合;约束 n.契约;公债,债券bondage ['b3ndid9]n.奴役,束缚bone [b4un]n.骨,骨骼book [buk]n.书,书籍 v.定,预订boom [bu:m]n.繁荣,激增,迅速发展boot [bu:t]n.靴子border ['b3:d4]n.边界,边境 v.交界,与...毗邻bore [b3:]v.使厌烦,使厌倦 n.使人讨厌的人(或事)born [b3:n]a.天生的,生来的borrow ['b3r4u]v.借,借用boss [b3s]n.老板,头儿,上司 v.指挥,发号施令both [b4u7]pron.二者,双方 a.两,双bother ['b304]v.打扰,麻烦bottle ['b3tl]n.瓶子 v.装瓶bottom ['b3t4m]n.底,底部bound [baund]v./n.跳,跳跃 a.必定的,一定,应当的;开往...的boundary ['baund4ri]n.界线,边界bourgeoisie [`bu49w2:'zi]n.资产阶级bow [bau]v./n.鞠躬,点头bowl [b4ul]n.碗,钵box [b3ks]n.箱子,盒子;包厢 v.拳击;打耳光boy [b3i]n.少年,男孩,儿子;男服务员,男仆boycott ['b3ik3t]v./n.抵制brain [brein]n.大脑,头脑;智能brake [breik]v./n.闸,刹车brand [br1nd]n.商标,标记 v.打火印,打烙印brass [br2:s]n.黄铜,铜器brave [breiv]a.勇敢的bread [bred]n.面包breadth [bred7]n.宽度,幅break [breik]v.打破,打碎,破坏;违反breakfast ['brekf4st]n.早饭,早餐 v.吃早饭breakthrough ['breik7ru:]n.突破,重大成就breast [brest]n.胸脯,乳房breath [bre7]n.呼吸,气息breathe [bri:0]v.吸入,呼吸breed [bri:d]v.繁殖;产生;饲养 n.品种,种类bribe [braib]n./v.贿赂brick [brik]n.砖,砖状物bride [braid]n.新娘bridge [brid9]n.桥,桥梁 v.架桥,建桥brief [bri:f]a.简短,简洁的bright [brait]a.明亮的;聪明的;快活的brilliant ['brili4nt]a.光辉的,卓越的bring [bri6]v.拿来,带来;产生,引起Britain ['breit4n]n.不列颠,英国British ['briti5]a.不列颠的,英国的;英国人的broad [br3:d]a.宽,广,宽宏broadcast ['br3:dk2:st]n./v.广播,播音broom [bru:m]n.扫帚brother ['br804]n.兄弟,同胞brown [braun]n./a.棕色,褐色brush [br85]n.刷子;画笔 v.刷,擦brutal ['bru:tl]a.残忍的brutality [bru:t1liti]n.残忍,暴行Buddhist ['budist]n.佛教徒 a.佛教的budget ['b8d9it]n.预算build [bild]v.建造,建立building ['bildi6]n.建筑物,大楼bull [bul]n.公牛bullet ['bulit]n.子弹,枪弹bulletin ['bulitin]n.告示,公告burden ['b4:dn]n.担子,重担,负担bureau ['bju4r4u]n.署,局bureaucracy [bju'r3kr4si]n.官僚政治;官僚主义;官僚机构burn [b4:n]v.燃烧,烧毁 v./n.灼伤,烧伤burst [b4:st]n./v.破裂,爆裂;突然发生,突然发作bury ['beri]v.埋,安葬bus [b8s]n.公共汽车bush [bu5]n.灌木,灌木丛business ['biznis]n.商业;生意;业务;事务busy ['bizi]a.忙;忙碌but [b8t]conj.可是,但是 prep.除...外 ad.仅仅,不过butter ['b8t4]n.黄油,奶油 v.抹黄油button ['b8tn]n.扣子;按钮 v.扣紧,扣上(纽扣)buy [bai]v.买,购买,收买by [bai]prep.在...旁;被,由;到...为止;经,通过;靠,通过;根据,按照 ad.在旁,近旁byproduct ['bai`pr3d8kt]n.副产品cabin ['k1bin]n.小木屋;机舱,船舱cabinet ['k1binit]n.内阁;橱;小房间cable ['keib4l]n.缆绳,钢索;电缆;电报 v.拍电报cafe ['k1fei,k1'fei]n.咖啡馆;餐馆cage [keid9]n.笼,鸟笼cake [keik]n.饼,糕calculate ['k1lkjuleit]v.计算,推算calculator ['k1lkjuleit4]n.计算器calendar ['k1lind4]n.日历,月历,历法call [k3:l]v.称为,叫;拜访;打电话calm [k2:m]a.平静的,镇静的 v.使镇静camel ['k1m4l]n.骆驼camera ['k1m4r4]n.照相机,摄影机,摄像机camp [k1mp]n.野营,营地;帐篷;阵营 v.设营,宿营campaign [k1m'pein]n.战役,运动;竞选运动campus ['k1mp4s]n.大学校园;大学can [k1n]aux.v.能,会,可能 n.罐头 v.装罐头Canada ['k1n4d4]n.加拿大Canadian [k4'neidi4n]n.加拿大人 a.加拿大的,加拿大人的canal [k4'n1l]n.运河cancel ['k1ns4l]v.取消,删除,撤消cancer ['k1ns4]n.癌candidate ['k1ndideit]n.候选人,报考者candle ['k1ndl]n.蜡烛candy ['k1ndi]n.糖果cap [k1p]n.便帽,帽子;盖子capability [`keip4'biliti]n.能力,才能;力量capable ['keip4b4l]a.有能力的,有才能的capital ['k1pitl]n.首都;资本;大写字母 a.主要的;大写的capitalism ['k1pit4liz4m]n.资本主义capitalist ['k1pit4list]n.资本家 a.资本主义的captain ['k1ptin]n.首领,队长;船长,舰长;上尉car [k2:]n.汽车,车辆,车;车厢carbon ['k2:b4n]n.碳card [k2:d]n.卡片,名片care [ke4]n.注意,小心;挂念 v.关心;计较;照管career [k4'ri4]n.生涯,经历;职业careful ['ke4ful]a.小心的,仔细的,关切的careless ['ke4lis]a.粗心的,草率的carpenter ['k2:pint4]n.木匠carpet ['k2:pit]n.地毯carriage ['k1rid9]n.马车;客;车厢carrot ['k1r4t]n.胡萝卜carry ['k1ri]v.搬运,运送,传递,携带;传播cartoon [k2:'tu:n]n.漫画;动画片carve [k2:v]v.刻,雕刻case [keis]n.事实,情况;案件;病例;箱子,盒子cash [k15]n.现金;兑现cashier [k1'5i4]n.出纳员cassette [k1'set]n.盒式录音带cast [k2:st]v.投,掷,扔,抛,撒;铸造 n.演员表castle ['k2:s4l]n.城堡casual ['k19u4l]a.偶然的,碰巧的;非正式的,随便的casualty ['k19u4lti]n.伤亡人员cat [k1t]n.猫catalogue ['k1t4l3g]n.目录 v.编目catastrophe [k4't1str4fi]n.大灾难,大变动catch [k1t5]v.捕,捉;赶上;感染category ['k1tig4ri]n.种类,类型;范畴Catholic ['k174lik]a.天主教的 n.天主教徒cattle ['k1tl]n.牛cause [k3:z]n.原因,理由;事业 v.引起caution ['k3:54n]n.小心,谨慎;警告 v.告诫,警告cautious ['k3:54s]a.小心的,谨慎的cave [keiv]n.洞穴,窑洞cease [si:s]n./v.停止ceiling ['si:li6]n.天花板;最高限制celebrate ['selibreit]v.庆祝cell [sel]n.牢房;细胞;电池censorship ['sens45ip]n.审查,审查制度census ['sens4s]n.人口普查;统计数字cent [sent]n.分,分币centigrade ['sentigreid]a.摄氏温标的centimetre ['senti`mi:t4(r)]n.公分,厘米central ['sentr4l]a.中心的,中央的centre ['sent4](=center)n.中心,中央century ['sent54ri]n.世纪,百年ceremony ['serim4ni]n.仪式,典礼certain ['s4:t4n]a.确实;某一,某些,必然certificate [s4'tifik4t]n.证书,证明书certify ['s4:tifai]v.证明chain [t5ein]n.链条;链锁 v.拴住chair [t5e4]n.椅子;主席,主席席位chairman ['t5e4m4n](=chairperson)n.主席,议长,会长challenge ['t51lind9]v.挑战 n.挑战;挑战书champion ['t51mpi4n]n.冠军,优胜者chance [t52:ns]n.机会,可能性,偶然性 v.偶然发生,碰巧chancellor ['t52:ns4l4]n.大臣;司法官change [t5eind9]v./n.改变,变化 n.找头,零钱channel ['t51n4l]n.海峡;水道;渠道;频道chapter ['t51pt4]n.章,回character ['k1rikt4]n.性格;特性,特征;人物,角色characteristic [`k1rikt4'ristik]a.特有的,独特的 n.特征,特性characterize ['k1rikt4raiz]v.表示...的特性;描绘性格charge [t52:d9]v.要价,收费 n.价钱 n./v.控告,指控 n.主管 n./v.充电charity ['t51riti]n.慈善;慈善团体charming ['t52:mi6]a.迷人的,可爱的chart [t52:t]n.图表chase [t5eis]v./n.追求,追赶chat [t51t]n./v.闲谈chauvinism ['54uviniz4m]n.沙文主义cheap [t5i:p]a.便宜的,低劣的cheat [t5i:t]v.欺骗,骗取,作弊 n.骗子,欺诈check [t5ek]v.制止;抑制,核对,检查 n.支票;核对,检查cheek [t5i:k]n.面颊cheer [t5i4]v./n.喝彩,欢呼 v.使振作,使高兴cheese [t5i:z]n.干酪,乳酪chemical ['kemik4l]a.化学的 n.化学品chemist ['kemist]n.化学家;药剂师chemistry ['kemistri]n.化学cherish ['t5eri5]v.珍爱,怀有(感情)chess [t5es]n.棋chest [t5est]n.柜子,箱,橱;胸腔,胸部chicken ['t5ikin]n.小鸡;鸡肉chief [t5i:f]n.首领 a.主要的child [t5aild]n.孩子儿童childish ['t5aildi5]a.孩子气的,幼稚的childhood ['t5aildhud]n.幼年,童年chill [t5il]n.凉气,寒气 v.使寒冷chimney ['t5imni]n.烟囱chin [t5in]n.下巴,颏China ['t5ain4]n.中国Chinese ['t5ai'ni:z]n.中国人 a.中国的chip [t5ip]n.薄片,集成电路片chocolate ['t53klit]n.巧克力choice [t53is]n.选择;被选中的东西 a.精选的,优等的choose [t5u:z]v.选择,挑选;甘愿Christian ['kristi4n]n.基督徒 a.基督教的Christmas ['krism4s]n.圣诞节church [t54:t5]n.教堂,教会cigarette [`sig4'ret,'sigret]n.香烟,纸烟cinema ['sinim4]n.电影院circle ['s4:k4l]n.圆;圈子;周期,循环 v.环绕circulate ['s4:kjuleit]v.循环,流通;流传circumstance ['s4:k4mst4ns]n.情形,环境,状况cite [sait]v.引用,引证citizen ['sitiz4n]n.公民,市民city ['siti]n.城市civil ['siv4l]a.市民的,民用的,文明的civilian [si'vilj4n]n.平民,老百姓 a.民间的;民用的civilization [`sivilai'zei54n]n.文明civilize ['sivilaiz]v.使文明,使开化claim [kleim]n/v.要求;声称;认领;主张;断言clarify ['kl1rifai]v.澄清,阐明clash [kl15]v.猛撞,冲突;抵触 n.抵触,冲突class [kl2:s]n.种类,等级;阶级;班,班级;一节课classical ['kl1sik4l]a.经典的,古典的classify ['kl1sifai]v.分类,分等classmate ['kl2:smeit]n.同班同学classroom ['kl2:srum]n.教室,课堂clean [kli:n]a.清洁的,干净的 v.把...弄清洁,扫清clear [kli4]a.晴朗的;清澈的;明亮的 v.清除,使清楚clerk [kl2:k]n.办事员,职员,店员clever ['klev4]a.聪明的;机敏的client ['klai4nt]n.顾客,客户;诉讼委托人cliff [klif]n.悬崖,崖climate ['klaimit]n.气候;(社会)风气climb [klaim]v./n.爬,攀登clinic [klinik]n.诊所clock [kl3k]n.钟close [kl4uz]v.关,终止,结束,关闭 n.结束,终止 a./ad.近的,接近,紧密closet ['kl3zit]n.壁橱,小房间,盥洗室cloth [kl37]n.布,织物,衣料;一块布clothes [kl4u0z]n.衣服clothing ['kl4u0i6]n.衣服,衣着(总称)cloud [klaud]n.云;云状物clown [klaun]n.小丑,丑角club [kl8b]n.俱乐部;棒,球棒clue [klu:]n.线索clumsy ['kl8mzi]a.笨拙的,愚笨的coach [k4ut5]n.客车,长途汽车;教练,私人教师 v.辅导,教练coal [k4ul]n.煤,煤块coast [k4ust]n.海岸,海滨coat [k4ut]n.外套,上衣 v.涂上,包上 n.涂层cock [k3k]n.公鸡,雄鸡;旋塞,开关code [k4ud]n.密码,代码;法典,法则coffee ['k3fi]n.咖啡coin [k3in]n.硬币,货币cold [k4uld]a.冷,冷淡 n.寒冷;感冒collapse [k4'l1ps]v.瓦解,崩溃,倒塌collar ['k3l4]n.衣领colleague ['k3li:g]n.同事,同僚collect [k4'lekt]v.收集,采集,收(税等);领取collective [k4'lektiv]n.集体 a.集体的,共同的college ['k3lid9]n.学院,大学colonial [k4'l4uni4l]a.殖民地的,殖民的colonist ['k3l4nist]n.殖民者;移民colony ['k3l4ni]n.殖民地,侨居地colo(u)r ['k8l4]n.颜色,色彩;颜料;肤色column ['k3l4m]n.柱,柱状物;专栏comb [k4um]n.梳子 v.梳理combat ['k3mb1t]v./n.战斗combine [k4m'bain]v.使结合,使联合,组合,化合come [k8m]v.来,米到;出现,产生;成为comedy ['k3midi]n.喜剧comfort ['k8mf4t]v.慰问,安慰,舒适 n.安逸,舒适,慰问,安慰comfortable ['k8mf4t4b4l]a.舒适的,舒服的command [k4'm2:nd]v./n.命令,指挥 n.掌握,运用能力commander [k4'm2:nd4]n.指挥员,司令员comment ['k3ment]n./v.解说,评论,意见commerce ['k3m4:s]n.商业commercial [k4'm4:54l]a.商业的,商务的commission [k4'mi54n]n.委托书,委托;委员会;佣金,手续费commit [k4'mit]v.犯(罪、错误),干(错事)commitment [k4'mitm4nt]n.委托;承诺,保证,承担义务committee [k4'miti]n.委员会,全体委员commodity [k4'm3diti]n.商品,物品common ['k3m4n]a.普通的,通常的;共同的commonwealth ['k3m4nwel7]n.共和国,联邦,共同体communicate [k4'mju:nikeit]v.传达;交通,通信communication [k4`mju:ni'kei54n]n.通讯,交流,联络communism ['k3mjuniz4m]n.共产主义communist ['k3mjunist]n.共产党员 a.共产主义的community [k4'mju:niti]n.社会,社区,(政治)共同体companion [k4m'p1ni4n]n.同伴,伴侣company ['k8mp4ni]n.公司,商号;同伴comparative [k4m'p1r4tiv]a.比较的,相当的compare [k4m'pe4]v.比较,相比comparison [k4m'p1ris4n]n.比较;比喻compass ['k8mp4s]n.罗盘,指南针compatible [k4m'p1t4b4l]a.可和谐共存的;适合的,一致的compel [k4m'pel]v.强迫,使不得不;迫使屈服compensate ['k3mpenseit]v.补偿,赔偿;酬报compete [k4m'pi:t]v.比赛,竞争competence ['k3mpit4ns]n.能力,胜任;权能,权限competition [`k3mpi'ti54n]n.比赛,竞争complain [k4m'plein]v.抱怨,诉苦;申诉complement ['k3mplim4nt]n/v.补充,补足complete [k4m'pli:t]a.完整的,完全的,十足的,彻底的 v.完成,结束complex ['k3mpleks]a.复杂的;复合的complicated ['k3mplikeitid]a.错综复杂的,麻烦的compliment ['k3mplim4nt]n.(pl.)问候,致意,赞扬,道贺 v.称赞,恭维,祝贺comply [k4m'plai]v.遵从,服从compose [k4m'p4uz]v.写作,作曲;由...组成compound [k4m'paund]a.复合的 n.混合物,化合物comprehend [`k3mpri'hend]v.理解,了解comprehension [`k3mpri'hen54n]n.理解(力),领悟comprehensive [`k3mpri'hensiv]a.广泛的,综合的compromise ['k3mpr4maiz]v./n.妥协,折衷compulsory [k4m'p8ls4ri]a.强迫的,强制的;义务的,必修的computer [k4m'pju:t4]n.计算机comrade ['k3mrid,'k3mreid]n.同志,朋友,同事conceal [k4n'si:l]v.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽conceit [k4n'si:t]n.自负,自高自大conceive [k4n'si:v]v.设想,构想;怀胎,怀有concentrate ['k3ns4ntreit]v.集中;浓缩concept ['k3nsept]n.概念concern [k4n's4:n]v.涉及,关系 n./v.关心,挂念concerning [k4n's4:ni6]prep.关于concert ['k3ns4t]n.音乐会,演奏会concession [k4n'se54n]n.让步;特许;租界conclude [k4n'klu:d]v.结束,完结;下结论;缔结conclusion [k4n'klu:94n]n.结束,终结;结论concrete ['k36kri:t]a.具体的;本质的 n.混凝土condemn [k4n'dem]v.谴责,指责;宣判condense [k4n'dens]v.压缩,浓缩;精简condition [k4n'di54n]n.状况,状态,情形;条件conduct ['k3nd4kt,'k3nd8kt]n.行为,品行 v.引导,指挥;传电,传热confederation [k4n`fed4'rei54n]n.同盟,联盟conference ['k3nf4r4ns]n.会议confess [k4n'fes]v.承认,坦白;忏悔confidence ['k3nfid4ns]n.信任,信心;秘密confident ['k3nfid4nt]a.确信的,有自信的confine [k4n'fain]v.限制,局限于;管制confirm [k4n'f4:m]v.证实;确认,批准conflict ['k3nflikt,k4n'flikt]n.斗争,冲突,抵触 n./v.抵触,冲突。
专业单词:客体object ;主体subject;我国our country;农村rural area;城市urban;特点feature;干预intervention;模式mode;市场经济market economy;计划经济planned economy;转型期transition period;途径approach;规则regulation;范围scope/area;内容content;力度;通货膨胀inflation;财政赤字financial deficit;传统traditional;现代modern;强调emphasize;权力authority;社会和谐harmonious society;科学发展观scientific outlook on development;西方国家the western country;协调harmonize;结构structure;优点弱点机会挑战SWOT strength weakness opportunity threaten;阶段period;经济人economic man;官僚制bureaucracy;因素;参与participant;期望anticipate;中国共产党CCP China communist party;自主权autonomy;逐渐gradually;社区community;优点/缺点merit/demerit;创造create;调查investigate;背景background;西方国家western country;引入竞争机制introduce competition into;市场化marketization;社会化socialization;市场机制market mechanism;增长率growth rate;合法、法治、负责、透明、有效legally、rule of law、accountability、transparency、effectiveness;放权/授权代理devolution;定义definition;分权decentralization;质疑suspicion;地方自治local autonomy;自上而下/自下而上top down/bottom up;经济危机economic crisis;多样的multiple;宏观调控macroeconomic control;微观经济microeconomic;资源有效配置efficient allocation of resources;努力effort;通过via/through;分配assign;政企分开separate government function from enterprise management;制度system;根本目的the fundamental goal;基本原则the fundamental principle;必要条件necessary conditions;必要手段necessary means;要素element;提高uplift;信誉reputation;局限性limitation;规划plan;开发develop;预测;预测forecast;完善perfect;needful需要的;监督supervise/supervision;农民peasant;网友net friend;同事colleague;极美的gorgeous;推进promotion专业词组:面临挑战face the challenge;抓住机遇seize the opportunity;迎接挑战meet the challenge;建立健全establish and improve;加入WTO accession to WTO;;采取有效措施take effective measures;源于derive from;深化改革deepen the reform;维护社会稳定maintain social stability;加大力度strengthen the efforts to;转变职能adjust the government functions;合同外包contract services;连接词组:随着…along with;把…看作regard as;在过去in the past;当前currently;在…条件下on condition that;20世纪70年代末/初the late/early 1970s(念the seventieth of the 20th century);加大力度strengthen the effort to;加快改革accelerate the reform;在20世纪in the 20th century;与……相比compared with;主要体现在mainly embodies at;由于as a result of/due to/because of;主要类型如下the principal types are as follows;解决……矛盾resolve the contradiction of;优点/缺点是the advantage/disadvantage;根据……标准according to the standard of;因此therefore/thus;把……分类为classify …as…;一方面,另一方面on one hand,on the other hand;专业名词:公共管理硕士master of public administration;公共组织public organization;公共部门public sector;政府改革government reform;治理governance;善治good governance;管理者Manager;行政者administrator;公共行政Public administration;公共管理public management;公共政策public policy;public affair公共事务;公共物品public goods;私人物品private goods;非政府组织/非营利组织NGO/NPONon-governmental Organization/Non-Profit Organization;组织organization;第三部门the third sector;经合组织OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development;政府间关系IGR intergovernmental relations;绩效管理performance management;战略管理strategic management;问责制government accountability;政府工具governmental tool;全面质量管理TQM total quality management;目标管理MBO management by objectives;标杆管理benchmarking management;政府作用government role;公共政策public policy;人力资源管理HRM human resource management;公共经济管理public economy management;公共管理伦理public administration ethics;政府工具governmental tool;政府失败government failures;新公共管理new public management;绩效评估performance evaluation;流程再造process re-engineering;。
公共管理硕士(MPA)重要英语词汇一览公共管理硕士(MPA)重要英语词汇一览(一)normal, radiate发射, authority,companion同事同伴, concept概念, create,creature, dentist, identify鉴别, identical同一的, identity认出, engage使……雇佣、聘用, entitle给……权利、资格, evaluate估价,fluid、solid流体、固体,influence, fortune, fulfill, general, intense紧张的、强烈的、剧烈的, interpret解释、说明、口译, justice 正义、公平, adjust, judge, minor次要的、未成年的, observe遵守、测评、评估, deserve应受、值的, preserve保护、维护、维持, parallel平行的、并列的, percept知觉、对象, stuff塞满、原料, surroundings, transport, transmit, transform, undergo, wander, wonder惊讶, widespread广泛的、普遍的, ambition雄心、大志, approach, brief摘要、大纲、短的,(二)force, enforce实施、迫使, reinforce加强、增援, report, scope范围、机会、余地spirit, decline, climate, lend to, accuse归咎、控告, afford, anxiety焦虑、渴望, atmosphere, blame, bargain买卖全同、议价, calculate, circle, confidence, conscious有意识的、自觉的、故意的, convince使确信、使说服, custom, desperate不顾一切的、拼命的,凶暴的、极我危险的, encourage, discourage使沮丧, economic, economy, motive, promote促使, emotional感情的、情绪的, motion动机, fail to, flat, install, intimate, limit, major主修的、成年的, no matter, neutral中立的, outlet出品、销路、电源插座, perform履行、执行, inform告知, formal外形的、正式的、合理的(三)conquer, result, consult参考、请教, insult, 侮辱、冒犯,deliberate深思熟虑的、有准备的, despair绝望、失望的, compare, emergence浮现、露出, emergency,establish, exhaust, expand, fade, frustrate挫败、破坏,使无效, handy便于携带的, incredible不可信的, inherit, conference会议、协商会, infer推断、推理, offer, interfere, length, manufacture制造、加工, mood心情、情绪、气氛, necessity, noble高贵的、贵族, occasion, occasional, output 产量、产品、输出, oversea, pattern, plunge, practice, practical, recognize, release, rescue救援、解救, maintain, remain, obtain,(四)entertain娱乐,rural农村的, urban城市的, similar to, trial试验、暂时性的, trail踪迹、痕迹, witness目击、目睹, absolute, accumulate积累, in advance 有远见、有前、预先, advanced, advantage, agent代理, appeal, application 申请表, point, appoint, approximate, barrier, claim声称、声明, climate, complicate使复杂、使陷入, comprise包含、包括, considerable相当多的,boundary分界, frontier国界, nullity无效行为的, debate争辩, decrease, increase, reduce减小, include, conclude推断, exclude拒绝、逐出, federal联合的、联邦的, firm, forecast预报, foresee预见、预知, grateful感谢的, integrate, divide, individual个人的, fence, defense防卫, offend冒犯, portion 部分, proper, property财产,poverty贫穷,reputation, restrict, loyal忠心的, royal王室的、盛大的, spot污点, terminal终点、末期的, alter, alternate轮流、交替, alternative二中选一, concrete具体的、混凝土的, consequent随之的、必然发生的, explode使爆炸, explore勘探, exploit开发、开采、开拓, hesitate犹豫、支支吾吾的,(七)imagine, influence, innocent清白的, guilty有罪的, persuade, possess占有, sample, support, vital, burden, elect选举, select, collect, collective集合的、集体的, contribute贡献, distribute分发, attribute归因于, abuse滥用, prejudice 偏见, avoid, escape, capture捕获, compete, effort, enthusiasm, involve包含、使陷于, evolve使进展、逐渐成形, imply暗示、意味, reply, multiply乘加、多元化, issue, modify修饰, occur, opponent, prefer, refer, publish, punish, rate, award奖品、授予, reward报酬, shelter掩蔽, skim浏览,(八)in spite of, temporary临时的, vehicle交通工具, ancestor associate, refuse,confuse, describe, display, due to, error, essential, fresh, obvious, visible, invisible看不见的, previous, recall, relate, soil, spoil损坏, stimulate刺激、激励, suffer, tense, accompany, analyze, conflict战斗, convenient, derive源自、起源, deprive剥夺, thrive兴旺、繁荣, dominate, element, gallery美术馆、走廊, interval时间间隔, lock, lack, match比赛、火柴, ideal, reality, ignore, ignorant无知、愚昧, independent,(九)inspire激发, motion动机, promote促进, remote遥远、冷淡的, motive运动的、目的、主旨, numerous许多的, relevant有关的, retreat, straight, suicide, trick, weigh,tempt诱惑、吸引, attempt, contract, attract, candidate候补的, commercial 商业的, communicate, contain, coordinate使协调, respond回应、作出反映, correspond通信、相当、符合, emphasis, enclose随信附上, focus, instinct 本能、直觉, investigate, invest, manner, mere仅仅, nerve神经中枢, political, policy, reliable可靠的、可信赖的, resemble相似的, assemble集中、召集, shape外形, sophisticate世故的, stain污点,(十)strain紧张的、过度疲劳的, symbol, triumph胜利、成功, upright, vigorous 精力旺盛、有力的, benefit, profit, characterize, circumstance环境、境况, chain store, concentrate, delegate派……为代表, diligent勤奋的, dispute争论, estimate, factor, intentional故意的, occupy占领, inject, reject, object, project, subject, scenery, survive, revive使复兴、有效, temper, vary, accelerate, behave, concern, continue, deny, distance, insure保险, invade使……侵略, mature成熟、成年人的, mental, monitor, mysterious, neglect忽视、忽略,(十一)purpose, raw生的、未加工的, refurbish再磨光, remove, restore修复, resort 求助、讼诸, scarcely仅仅、几乎不, specific特有的, target, alarm, approve 赞成, certify证明、保证, certificate证书, frost霜、严峻的, fund, genuine真诚的, intend, material, memory, primitive原始的, propose建议、提议, ruin, shadow, contrary相反的, sufficient充分的, accent, actually, adequate, anxious, attach系上、附上, awkward笨拙的、尴尬的, budget, capture捕获、赢得, channel, circulate使循环、使流通, community社团, company, consent 同意赞成, cooperate合作、协作, cultivate耕种、培养, depart走开、逝去的, devote奉献、献身,denote表示、指示(十二)dismiss解散、开除, distant, enhance, eventually最后、终于, fierce, manage, overnight通宵的, passion激情, passive被动的、消极的, postpone, progress,pursue, react, render呈交、归还, sense, treat, treaty条约、协定, capacity容量、能力, civilian平民、公务员, compel强迫, contradiction反驳、矛盾、抵触, crack暇疵、爆裂, curiosity, departure启程、离开, devise设计、发明、图谋, device设备、装置, secure安全的, accurate精密的、准确的, depend 依靠, distinguish区别, plain平原, complain, explain, financial, hurt, injure, harm, destroy, ruin, comprise ,contain, embody使具体化,subsume包含, construct建造, structure结构, isolate使隔离, labor, task, overlook远眺, overcome战胜、克服, resist抵抗, insist, state声明、陈述, supreme最高的, superior较高的, volume卷、体积, absorb, account, achieve, universal全体的, convert, reverse颠覆、相反, apply, applicable适用的, applicant申请者,application请求、申请, broad, board, cancel, casual 偶然的、随意的, cancer, classify分类、分级, comfort, submit递交、投降、服从, permit许可, emit发出、射出, complex, conduct行为、举止, constant, core核心、果核, demand, command命令、指令, comment评论、注释, commend 表扬,(十三)mental, recommend推荐、介绍, mention, design, signal信号, significant意义重大的, protect, detect, point, appoint约定、指定, appointment, disappoint, duration持续时间长, durable耐久的, employ, excess过分、过量, exceed超出, success, succeed, process, proceed, false, indicate指出、显示、象征, predict预言预知, opportunity, personal, pose, dispose决定、处置, expose揭露, suppose假定、料想, oppose反对、对比, compose组成, impose征税、欺骗、强加, deposit储蓄, poison, poverty, cautious小心的、谨慎的, prove, improve改进、改善, record, relieve减轻,(十四)sincere, troop, upset, violent, welfare, abundant, advocate, affect, effect, effective, efficient, campaign, cause, commission, component, content, intention, crisis, critic, critical, destination, discard, discipline, anticipate, participate, principal, principle, familiar, feature, feasible, indifferent, provide, recover, standard, thorough, morally, virtually, deal with, cope(十五)with, doubt, 执行, density, corporation, currency, current, demonstrate, countless, discount , extraordinary, graduate, gradually, precious, precise, appreciate, reluctant, unwilling, sharp, shape, source, strength, length, supply, drop, endure, evident, enormous, intensive, preference, produce, reflect, scale, semester, shift, talent, threat, typical, vain, volunteer,(十六)accomplish, analysis, assist, persist, insist, resist, consist, colony, confront, conventional, descend, donate, elementary, eliminate, frequent, incline, instant, merit, military, prevent, represent, restrain, academic, available, challenge, continent, elaborate, function, generous, illustrate, measure, narrow, option, phenomenon, prohibit, panic, pretend, prompt, regulate, shrink, swallow, uniform, artificial, creature, determine, distinct, encounter, environment, fatiguecontend 争论、竞争者cosmos 秩序、完整体系elsewhere 在别处fabricate 捏造humbly 谦恭的offend 冒犯的primary 首要的、最初的privilege 特权refine 精炼resolve 决心、解决strikingly 醒目的、引人注目的superior 较高的trait 人的个性、特征understanding 谅解、通情达理的validate 证实、确证、有法律效力的whereas 但是、而。
公共管理硕士MPA考前辅导英语词汇辅导(第九讲)crucial urgent pressing decisive ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic cure this medicine should cure you of your cold. remind relieve inform deprive rob break it is not my custom to give in. custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature the damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris trash junk rubbish decline steel production has been on the decline in these countries. diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce deep they dived deep into the ocean. she was deeply interested in classical music. degree she has also affected but to a lesser degree. extent deem they deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. think believe consider judge assume suppose regard ponder contemplate study reflect think over a good mastery of english demands patience and enthusiasm. demand require call for deny they denied her the opportunity to see her father. refuse decline rejects turn down die she died of an illness; and he died a beggar. the storms are dying down. the noise of the car died away in the distance. the members of the family had all died off. this species has died out. can you describe what he looks like? describe portray illustrate picture characterize represent define tell they were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. convinced firm sure certain resolute serious she was in his eyes a devoted mother. devoted earnest hearty sincere serious zealous the sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. discharge discard cast。
词汇1. Whether they are republics or constitutional monarchies, it is government agencies putting into practice legislative acts that represent the will of the people.2. While the executive, legislative, and judicial branches are separate and distinct in the United States, all sides struggle to influence the others.3. Most of what an executive does is to manage existing programs, to run the bureaucracy.4. These appointees, while functioning as top managers significant management responsibilities, are seldom professional managers and seldom think of themselves as management experts.5. These middle managers, despite their disparity in functions and technical backgrounds, largely continue the management specialty of public administration.6. They spend their working lives fighting as officers in the administrative wars started by their political leaders.7. Mickey Mouse is often used to mean red tape, the symbol of excessive formality and attention to routine.8. Organization create and retain such seemingly rigid “practices and features” because they promote efficiency and equity on the whole-even though this may not be true in many individual cases.9. Although he ended as the chief of staff of the . Army, he is on nobody’s list of great generals.10. If you want to be a leading actor, you must only play leading parts--“much better to play Hamlet in Denver than Laertes on Broadway.”11. Often this calls for the creation of organizations, public agencies, and bureaus, which in turn need to create more policies that give guidance to th e organization’s employees on how to put into practice the overall public policy.12. Their democracy consisted of rule by an elite group of male citizens, whose well-being was maintained by politically suppressed women and a large slave population (which was not a desirable situation if you were a woman and worse if you were a slave).13. In a democracy the people meet and exercise the government in person; in a republic, they assemble and administer it by their representatives and agents.14. Because of the necessities of both hot and cold wars, the President has been unusually strong vis-à-vis the Congress.15. As Aristotle had warned, time and again throughout history these pure democracies had been captured by demagogues and had degenerated into dictatorial tyrannies.16. After all, it has the greatest number of enumerated powers and the executive and judicial branches must enforce its laws.17. He was disdainful of those who asserted the presence of a “residuum of power” when he clearly saw none.18. A president, according to this view, could at least for a short while even assume dictatorial powers.19. However, when recent Presidents have sought extraordinary powers, even with claims of national security and executive privilege, they have been “checked” by the Supreme Court.20. The important thing to remember is that this theory of executive power is quietlyreserved to support the efforts of a leader who sees the nation through in a time of crisis, or, alternately, it lurks in the hands of an unprincipled opportunist or demagogue to stifle republican institutions.21. A constitution provides the basic political and legal structure, the architecture, which prescribes the rules by which a government operates.22. Only the realm of foreign affairs has substantially escaped this tendency, although the war on terror has increasingly brought back questions of the rights of prisoners to the American courts.23. Unlike the British parliamentary machinery of government that evolved over hundreds of years, the American machinery was created at one moment in time for its specific purpose.24. The Court unanimously declared its support for red tape, the treasured procedural safeguards that protect us even when we do wish to be protected, and the law’s delay.25. While the inefficiency of the separation of powers is to be highly valued for its protection of basic liberties, this is no excuse for individual agencies to be inefficient as organization.26. This is an institution whose existence rests on custom rather than constitutional provision, even though its chief members, the secretaries of the federal executive departments, must be approved by the Senate.27. The American machinery of government, which requires cabinet secretaries to be responsible both to the President and the Congress (with its competing interests) makes that virtually impossible.28. Some Presidents have convened their cabinet only for the most formal and routinematters, while others have relied on it for advice and support.29. While all cabinet secretaries are equal in rank and salary, the missions of those in the inner cabinet tend to give them an advantage in prestige, access, and visibility denied to those who head the rest of, or the “outer,” cabinet.30. Thus all such commissioners can serve to the end of their fixed terms unless impeached by Congress.31. Similarly, the Constitution makes explicit the limits of federal intervention in state matters, including restrictions on the federal government’s ability to tax interstate commerce (Article I, Section 9).32. This amendment, commonly known as the reserved powers clause, has been at the heart of numerous debates on the balance of power between the national and state governments.33. Sometimes a community is so dominated by one ethnic group that this impacts their relations--their intergovernmental relations--with their levels of government.34. For example, the United States has long practiced the art of gerrymandering, the reshaping of an electoral district to enhance the political fortunes of the party in power, as opposed to creating a district with geographic compactness.35. This encouraged a spate of affirmative gerrymandering, redistricting to consolidate minority votes so that a minority group member will most likely win the next election.36. However, in the 1995 case of Louisiana v. Hays, the Supreme Court seemed to put severe inhibitions on this when it ruled that congressional district lines are unconstitutional if race is the “predominant factor” in drawi ng them. Nevertheless, the Court did not say that race could not be a factor at all.37. Marble-cake federalism is usually associated with Morton Grodzins, who made a famous example out of case of rural country health officials called sanitarians.38. Sanitarians are appointed by the state government under merit standards established by the federal government, and while their base salaries come from state and federal funds, the country provides them with offices and office amenities and pays a portion of their expenses.39. He is a federal officer when impounding impure drugs shipped from a neighboring state; a federal-state officer when distributing typhoid immunization serum; a state officer when enforcing standards of industrial hygiene; a state-local officer when inspecting the city’s water supply; and (to complete the circle) a local officer when insisting that the city butchers adopt more hygiene methods of handling their garbage.40. It takes wise legislators at each level to comprehend how their legislation will fit in with that being developed at other levels--and officials working at each level may find it a major task to see that their work is compatible with that of people working on similar topics in other levels of government.41. The staff concept evolved to overcome the inherent limitations of a single mind and ever-fleeting time.42. Organizational structures and production systems needed constant tinkering and refining to take best advantage of ever-evolving technology.43. Just as industrial engineers sought to design “the best” machines to keep factories productive, industrial and mechanical engineering-type thinking dominated theories about “the best way” to organize people for their role as part of the overall industrial machine.44. The concept was first formally instituted in the military, and it can be traced back tothe ancient Greek armies of Alexander the Great.45. While generals have always had aides-de-camp, the modern military general staff principally originates from the Prussian military reforms that transformed an inefficient army into the foremost military machine in Europe by the middle of the nineteenth century.46. The general staff then developed the strategies and tactics that Germany would use in future wars.47. The traditional staff concept, modified to reflect local conditions, was increasingly adopted by burgeoning industrial and governmental organizations.48. Premised upon the notion that there was “one best way” of accomplishing any given task, Taylor’s scientific ma nagement sought to increase output by using special staff to discover the fastest, most efficient, and least-fatiguing production methods.49. At first Taylor was reluctant to use the phrase “scientific management” because it sounded too academic.50. Tayl or’s duties seemed so obvious today, but they were revolutionary in 1912.51. The components of performance management are long-established management tools that encompass most of the other senses in which the term performance is used in the language of public sector management.52. This, in its simplest terms, plots against a calendar the main management actions that must be taken in the coming year.53. This reflects the de facto role of the budget in many organizations as the central focus of decision making concerning resource allocation for the coming year.54. A management cycle not only forces decisions to be made with a calendar in mind, but it also serve as a conceptual diagram, which implies a logical interaction, sequencing,and above all, linking of related categories of management activity.55. The citizens literally vote for the plans espoused by elected political executives in their campaign promises.56. Whether this was caused by changing demographics or better police management, nobody really knows.57. And opposition party President Bill Clinton was no less ambitious with his reinventing government plans to significantly reduce federal employment.58. All he had to do was to read the newspaper accounts of increasing criticisms of mail services, of members of Congress calling for the dismemberment of the Postal Service, and of business leaders calling for an end to the government’s first-class-mail monopoly.59. For many of the previously discussed areas of government performance it is necessary to retain quality employees.60. The more an organization’s stakeholders, the people affected directly or indirectly by the organization’s activities, work toward their own separate goals, as opposed to the “official” goals of the organization, the more incompetent the organization must necessarily become.介词1. Whether they are republics or constitutional monarchies, it is government agencies putting into practice legislative acts that represent the will of the people.2. They actively compete to influence that will and to fight for the enactment of programs they are anxious to implement.3. Top managers make the big decisions and are responsible for the overall success ofthe organization.4. In government the top managers are always the political leaders of society whether they gain power by election, appointment, of assassination.5. Its legal basis allows public administration to exist, but without its management aspect, not much of the public’s business would get alone.6. Although he ended up as th e chief of staff of the . Army, he is on nobody’s list of great generals.7. Just because you have a master’s or even a doctorate in public administration or a related field doesn’t mean that you can function as a high-level administrator.8. Appointing authorities may not have heard of the historical Halleck, but they have all seen a Halleck--and don’t want to see one in the administrative structure of their group.9. The ribbon has disappeared, but the practices it represents linger on.10. The term is also applied to politics or regulations felt to be needless, insane, silly, or mildly offensive.11. A public program consists of all those activities designed to implement the public policy.12. If she stands for one thing more than another, it is for the sovereignty of self-governing people.13. But democracy is not a simple or constant concept. Instead, it is an evolving notion regarding the relationship between the people and government.14. The development of popular or universal democracy in the eighteenth century led to revolutionary conceptions of democracy that called for the placing of all power in the hands of the people --at first just white males.15. While the founders specifically wanted a government structure that was insulated from a pure democracy, they also wanted a governing arrangement that, unlike the city-states of ancient Greece, could function over a large area.16. He was disdainful of those who asserted the presence of a “residuum of power” when he clearly saw none.17. This power, as Lincoln saw it, might not only exceed constitutional bounds but act against the Constitution.18. Similarly, during the Korean War President Harry S. Truman’s attempts to exert executive power over labor and industry were blocked by a skeptical judicial branch.19. Two decades later the Court in United States v. Nixon(1974) rejected President Richard M. Nixon’s claim that the Constitution provided the President with an absolute and unreviewable executive privilege--specifically, the right not to respond to a subpoena in connection with a judicial trial.20. This is President Theodore Roosevelt’s view that the President, because he represents and holds in trust the interests of all the people, should be free to take any actions in the public interest that are not specifically forbidden by the Constitution or statutory law.21. Most significantly, it denies certain powers to the national government by reserving them for the states and the people.22. The Court unanimously declared its support for red tape, the treasured procedural safeguards that protect us even when we do wish to be protected, and the law’s delay.23. American politics has grown up around the Constitution and has been, thereby, “constitutionalized”.24. “Let the end be legitimate, let it be wi thin the scope of the Constitution, and all means which are appropriate, which are plainly adapted to that end, which are not prohibited, but consist with the letter and spirit of the Constitution, are constitutional”.25. Because of their experiences under British rule, Americans have historically been suspicious of a too-efficient government, feeling that an overly efficient administration of public affairs could eventually eat into political liberties.26. Indeed, the whole thrust of American public administration reform over the past century has been to create efficient subunits within an overall inefficient system.27. The GAO would be severely diminished if its functions were located within the executive branch, as it frequently is within democracies based on the British parliamentary system.28. The Executive Office of the President (EOP) is an umbrella office consisting of the top presidential staff agencies that provide the President with help and advice in carrying out major responsibilities.29. The American machinery of government, which requires cabinet secretaries to be responsible both to the President and the Congress (with its competing interests) makes that virtually impossible.30. But unlike administrators of independent executive agencies, they serve for fixed terms and cannot be removed at the pleasure of the President.31. When functions are shared between levels of government, how will each function be divided among national, state, and local governments?32. Should a national government have an objective of redistributing revenues to reduce the differential between the richest and poorest regions of a nation?33. As we said earlier, the Constitution itself is the best place to go for answers to these questions.34. In fact, The Constitution can be particularly vague in laying out the balance of power between the levels of government.35. Marble-cake federalism is usually associated with Morton Grodzins, who made a famous example out of case of rural country health officials called sanitarians.36. It is not simply a question of dividing the work between the levels: of assigning local issues to local government, and national issues to federal government.37. It is impossible from moment to moment to tell under which government the sanitarian operates.38. His work of inspecting the purity of food is carried out under federal standards; but he is enforcing state laws when inspecting commodities that have not been in interstate commerce; and somewhat perversely, he also acts under state authority when inspecting milk coming into the country from producing areas across the state border.39. Bus drivers, police officers, and teachers are all caught up in the intergovernmental maze.40. It takes wise legislators at each level to comprehend how their legislation will fit in with that being developed at other levels--and officials working at each level may find it a major task to see that their work is compatible with that of people working on similar topics in other levels of government.41. This traditional use of staff was followed by the staff principle (or staff concept), which created a specific unit in the larger organization whose primary responsibility was to think and plan, to ponder over innovations and plan for their implementation.42. Individual officers and supervisors, competent enough under stable conditions, became less competent under revolutionary conditions.43. The basic traditional problem with the traditional hierarchical organization was that it was dependent on the proper enculturation of individual supervisors at every level for its success.44. Beginning with the Industrial Revolution (and Napoleonic era military organizations) the staff concept has made ever-increasing inroads into the public and private sector.45. The concept was first formally instituted in the military, and it can be traced back to the ancient Greek armies of Alexander the Great.46. It consisted of a small group of the most intellectually able officers, drawn from the main officer corps relatively early in their careers, who then spent their professional lives in the central planning unit known as the general staff.47. Taylor sought “to prove that the best management is a true science, resting upon clearly defined laws, rules, and principles, as a foundation."48. Many people unfamiliar with Jomini think that Clausewitz was the greatest nineteenth century theoretician of war.49. Replacing traditional, rule-of-thumb methods of work accomplishment with systematic, more scientific methods of measuring and managing individual work elements.50. Taylor’s comprehensive statement of scientific management principles was focused on what he called the “duties of management.”51. What makes performance management different from mere management is this emphasis on systematic integration.52. This reflects the de facto role of the budget in many organizations as the centralfocus of decision making concerning resource allocation for the coming year.53. A management cycle not only forces decisions to be made with a calendar in mind, but it also serves as a conceptual diagram, which implies a logical interaction, sequencing, and above all, linking of related categories of management activity.54. In the public sector, plans often begin out of a political necessity.55. The citizens literally vote for the plans espoused by elected political executives in their campaign promises.56. He was, and he did-but then his successor, Ronald Reagan, used an executive order to abolish zero-based budgeting for the federal government on his first day in office.57. During his first year in office, crime-especially the murder rate-declined.58. And opposition party President Bill Clinton was no less ambitious with his reinventing government plans to significantly reduce federal employment.59. A recent focus of performance management at the federal level has been toward the area of human resources.60. And people, despite the fact that they create or join organization with professed goals, all too often have goals of their own that do not coincide with the ostensible goals of the organization.。