一些名称
Imperative mood祈使句 request请求≈祈使句
Subjunctive mood虚拟语气
Dangling participle 虚悬分词
Personal pronoun人称代词：包括属格和反身
Generic reference 类指用法：定冠词a/an+名词单数”是表示“类指”/The + 名词复数
Specific reference特指用法:定冠词the+名词单数或者加了定语修饰
Pronoun代词
Attributive后置定语
Parenthesis插入语
语法
动名词做主语，常常表示泛指的一般行为或者概念，否定形式应把否定词放在动名词之前
不定时作主语表示一次具体的行为
1.语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）
2.意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）
3.就近原则（principle of proximity）
单位名词（unit noun）：用来表示不可数名词的数量,即不可数名词的个体性；它也能与可数名词搭配,表示“一双”、“一群”等意义.
集合名词（Collective noun）意指一种可用来指称一群对象的字，而这些对象，可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。举例而言，在英语中，“一群狮子”可称为“a pride of lions”，此时“pride”为一个集合名词。
限定词：限定词分为三种：
1、前位限定词（pre-determiner）：all，both，half，分数词（one-third，one-fifth等）,
倍数词（double，twice，three times等），such； 2、中位限定词（central-determiner）：冠词（a，an，the），指示代词（this，that，these，those），不定代词（some，any，either），否定词（no，neither）， 全称限定词（every，each），所有格（my，your，John's)；
英语专四语法复习内容
想要通过英语专四考试，就必须掌握英语专四的语法。那么英语专四的语法有哪些呢?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语专四语法内容，希望大家喜欢!
英语专四语法内容
一 There be 结构
1. There be结构
There were very few people left when we got there.
There have been many such incidents.
Nearby there had been a fight in full progress.
也可以是情态动词 +be
There can be very little doubt about his guilt.
There may always be instances about which we are uncertain.
There ought to / should be some instructions on the lid.
还可以是There +情态动词+ be 的完成时
There may have been an accident.
If the criminal had come this way, there would be / would
have been footprints. There should / ought to have been
someone on duty all the time.
2. There + 半动词+ be，这里很少用完成体形式.
There is certain to be trouble at the factory.
There is sure / likely to be some rain tonight. There seems /
appears to be no doubt about it.
3. There be结构也可有被动式，这类there be结构有些可以与there be结构的一般形式相互转换。
95%以上英语专四语法
来自: 你花我不花(。。。) 2011-04-03 19:46:57
一、时态、语态
1.表达将来时的形式：
(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：
I’ll tell him when you will ring again. (宾语从句) 比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again. (状语从句)
(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：
See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.
(include 不能用will include或其他形式)
2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：
(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had
been produced.
(表示1919年时已发生的情况)
(2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。如：
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.
(Grammar & Vocabulary)
1. He was one of the greatest writers _____ had ever lived.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. as
2. He would try to ingratiate himself _____ his clients in order to earn more money.
A. into
B. with
C. for
D. from
3. Her address made a great impression _____ the audience.
A. at
B. of
C. in
D. on
4. Here is one of the most interesting novels that _____ been published _____ the
war.
A. has ... after
B. have ... after
C. have ... since
D. has ... since
5. His companions have threatened to _____ his crimes to the police.
A. impose
B. express
C. enclose
D. expose
6. His extravagance reduced him _____ for his living.
A. to beg
B. from begging
C. to begging
D. into begging
7. His death _____ with age.
A. deteriorated
B. determined
C. detected
D. detained
8. His long service with the company was _____ with a present.
