中考非谓语动词考点
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人教版中考英语九年级英语非谓语动词知识点(大全)一、非谓语动词1.Our teacher often tells us in the river. It's dangerous.A. not swimB. not to swimC. to swimD. swimming 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:游泳是危险的。
题目中的 tell(告诉)是谓语,句子在连接第二个动词时,需要用 to 来连接,将其非谓语化,既不定式:to +动词原形。
可以排除 A 和 D。
所以可以推断出老师是告诉我们不要去游泳。
因此选择不定式的否定形式,故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词不定式,熟记固定搭配。
2.When you are tired, in the countryside is a wonderful experience.A. relaxingB. relaxedC. relaxD. relaxes【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:当你累的时候,在农村放松是一个奇妙的体验。
所填动词在句中作主语,该用动名词形式,所以选A。
3.一What should we take when going birdwatching? 一 We should take a pair of binoculars ____________the birds clearly.A. seeB. seeingC. to seeD. sees【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:一去看鸟应该带什么?一为了看得清楚,我们应该带一副望远镜。
带上望远镜的目的是看得清楚,用带to的不定式作目的状语。
故选C。
4.To keep children away from danger,we warn parents ________ children at home alone.A. leaveB. to leaveC. not leaveD. not to leave【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查不定式短语.句意:为了让孩子们远离危险,我们警告家长不要把孩子单独留在家里.warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事.根据题干To keep children away from danger为了让孩子们远离危险,可知应说我们警告家长不要把孩子单独留在家里.故选D.5.I really don't know this question. It is too hard.A. which to answerB. how to answerC. what to answer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:我真的不知道如何回答这个问题。
非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、分词和动名词。
动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成(有时不带to)。
它不能单独作谓语,不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
动词不定式连同它的宾语、状语等一起构成不定式短语,不定式短语可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和主语补足语。
1.动词不定式的句法作用(1)作主语①不定式在句中作主语,相当于名词或代词的作用,谓语动词通常用单数。
●To learn English well is difficult.●To read good books makes him happy.②不定式作主语常常用it作为形式主语,不定式置于句尾。
其句型有3种:1)It + v.+宾语/表语+to do sth.●It is a great honor to give a lecture here.●It is a great pleasure to work with you.●It took me two days to finish the report.●It makes me feel happy to think about my kids.2)It + be +表语+for sb. + to do sth.●It is not easy for her to grasp a foreign language.●It was necessary for him to find out the truth.●It is hard for us to work out the problem.3)It + be +表语+ of +名词/代词+ to do sth.●It is very kind of you to give me a hand.●It was careless of you to leave your bag in the taxi.③“疑问代词/疑问副词/连接词+不定式”结构作主语●How to stop polluting rivers is a big problem.●When and where to hold the meeting is still unknown.(2)作表语①动词不定式直接作表语●The most important thing for him is to take care of his parents.●The only thing we can do is to wait and see.●Our goal is to reach the top of the mountain before 11 a.m..②“how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why +不定式”结构作表语●The question is how to improve ourselves in English.●The point is when to leave for Hong Kong.●The difficulty is which one to give the reward to.(3)作宾语①动词不定式直接作及物动词的宾语常以动词不定式作宾语的动词由:afford, agree, ask, begin, choose, continue, decide, demand, expect, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, require, start, try, volunteer, want, wish等。
2023中考英语语法细分命题点复习专题14 非谓语动词讲义目录考向一动词不定式 (17)1.1 不定式做主语 (17)1.2 不定式做宾语 (18)1.3 不定式做状语 (19)1.4 be+adj+to do sth (21)1.5 不定式做宾语补足语 (21)1.6 不定式做定语 (22)1.7 省略to的不定式 (23)1.8 不定式的否定结构 (24)考向二动名词 (25)2.1 动名词做主语 (25)2.2 动名词做宾语 (25)2.3 介词后用动名词 (27)2.4 动名词与不定式做宾语 (28)考向三分词 (29)3.1 过去分词做定语 (29)3.2 过去分词做宾语补足语 (30)3.3 现代分词做定语 (31)3.4 现代分词做宾语补足语 (32)考向一动词不定式1.1 不定式做主语A.have B.to have C.having D.had【答案】B【详解】句意:在刮风的日子野餐不是个好主意。
考查动词不定式作主语。
have举行,动词原形;to have不定式;having现在分词或动名词;had过去式。
动词短语have a picnic意为“举行野餐”;句型“It’s+形容词+to do…”意为“做某事怎么样”,其中it是形式主语,“to do”是句子真正的主语。
本句逻辑上的真主语为to have a picnic “去野餐”,故选B。
2.(2020·辽宁大连)It is easy __________ new words. Try to read the words when you see them, and try to use them.A.remember B.to remember C.remembered D.remembering【答案】B【详解】句意:记新单词很容易。
当你看到这些词的时候,努力去读它们,努力去使用它们。
考查非谓语动词。
remember动词原形;to remember动词不定式;remembered过去式;remembering 动名词。
初中英语非谓语动词总结(中考常考)1. 动词:*以下记住每一个词组的第一个动词。
|\fin ish doi ng sth.完成做某事;enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事;practice doing sth.练习做某事;imagine doing,想象做某事;avoid doing sth避免做某事;consider doing sth 考虑做某事;suggest doing sth建议做某事;\ / mi nd doing sth.介意做某事;keep doing sth持续做某事, miss doing 错过做, advise doing 建议做;keep sb doing让某人一直做2. 固定短语:feel like doi ng sth.喜欢做某事;be busy doing sth忙于做某事;be worth doi ng值得做某事;spe nd time (in) doi ng sth花费时间(金钱)做某事;have difficult/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难;\ have fun doing做某事高兴3. 介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by 等):女口:be good at doing sth; thank you for doing sth.;give up doing sth.;stop sb. from doing sth;do well in doing sth. ;be afraid ofdoing sth.;be in terested in doing sth; be proud of in stead of; befond of;what/how about doi ng sth?做某事怎么样?4. to作介词时,后跟动名词的情况:look forward to doing sth 期望做某事;prefer doing sth. to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…;pay atte nti on to doing 注意做某事;be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事;make a con tributi on to doing 为…做贡献5. No+动名词,表示禁令:No smoki ng禁止吸烟No parki ng禁止停车6. go+动名词,意思是去进行某种活动或运动:go shopp ing 去购物;go skating去滑冰;go hiking去远足(旅行)7. do some/the+动名词,指进行某种活动:do some clea ning 搞卫生;do some washing 洗衣服;1. 动词:agree (sb)to do 同意去做;afford to do 买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish (sb)to do 希望去做;fail to do做某事失败去;/ plan to do打算去做;prete nd to do假装去做;refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do 想要去做;want (sb)to do想要去做某事;lear n to do 学做;prefer to do sth.喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事;wan t/would like to do sth.想做.............................. ;used to do sth.过去常做某事2句型:⑴动词:\ allow sb. to do sth.允许某人去做某事(区分allow doi ng sth)ask sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)tell sb. (not) to do sth .叫某人去(不要)做某事follow sb. to do sth.跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth.让某人去做某事warn sb. (not)to do sth.警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)encourage sb to de鼓励某人做、expect sb to do期待某人做in vite sb to do邀请某人做、teach sb to do教会某人做advise sb to do建议某人做(区分下advise/suggest doing sth (2)................................................. Be+adj (情感类的形容词)+to do be amazed to do sth.对做某事感至『惊讶be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事beexcited to do sth.对做............. 感到兴奋be frightened to do sth.害怕去做某事be glad / happy to do sth.高兴去做某事be / getready to do sth准备做某事be sorry to do sth.对做某事感到抱歉be surprised to dosth.对做某事感到惊奇(3)动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面。
中考非谓语动词的用法总结1. 哎呀呀,非谓语动词可不简单呢!就像给句子这个大建筑添砖加瓦呀。
比如“Reading books is fun.”这里的“Reading”就是动名词做主语哟。
2. 嘿,你们知道吗?动词不定式那也是很重要的呀,像“I want to go shopping.” 这里的“to go shopping”就是表达目的呢。
3. 哇塞,分词也超厉害的好不好!“Seeing the beautiful scenery, I feel very happy.”看到没,“Seeing”就是现在分词作状语呢,神奇吧!4. 非谓语动词还真是变化多端呀!就像孙悟空会七十二变一样。
“The boy sitting there is my brother.”这里的“sitting”就是现在分词作定语哦。
5. 哎呀呀,想想看,要是句子里没有非谓语动词那该多单调啊!“He made me laugh by telling jokes.”“telling”在这里就起到关键作用啦。
6. 难道你们不觉得非谓语动词让英语更有趣了吗?“Having finished the homework, he went out to play.”瞧,“Having finished”多有意思呀。
7. 哇哦,非谓语动词就像是魔法一样呢!“She got up early to catch the first bus.”“to catch”就是为了达到赶早班车这个目的哟。
8. 嘿嘿,大家可别小瞧了非谓语动词呀!“The book written by him is very popular.”这里的“written”可是很关键的定语呢。
9. 总之呢,非谓语动词在中考里可太重要啦,一定要好好掌握呀!。
易错点07 非谓语动词易错考点【01】后加动词不定式与动名词的固定用法辨析及其否定结构好多学生因为对一些固定用法掌握不牢,而用错动名词或不定式。
中考常考后接动词不定式的常考词有:begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等。
后加动名词的可以借助口诀来帮助记忆:完成练习值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on,be used to,give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like);喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)动词不定式的否定结构:not to do sth.动名词的否定结构:not doing sth.易错考点【02】动词不定式和动名词的作主语用法辨析动名词主语多表习惯或一般,Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.不定式作主语时,一是表目的,二是多用it 做形式主语。
It’s adj to do sth.To get there faster, you can take the taxi.易错考点【03】现在分词与过去分词的辨析1.语态区分:现分表主动或正在进行,如a moving film, developing countries过分表被动或已完成,如the moved people, the risen sun2.作宾补:宾补现分作宾补,主动关系,I heard him singing in the classroom.过分作补,被动关系。
中考语法知识点归纳动词时态语态与非谓语动词动词时态、语态与非谓语动词是中考英语中的重要考点,掌握好这些知识,将有助于提升语法水平和英语写作能力。
本文将对中考语法知识点进行归纳总结,帮助同学们更好地理解和应用。
一、动词时态动词时态是指动词表示的动作或状态发生的时间或状态。
常见的动词时态有以下几种:1. 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理。
例句:He plays basketball every day.2. 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例句:I watched a movie last night.3. 一般将来时:表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
例句:I will go to Beijing next week.4. 现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作。
例句:She is reading a book now.5. 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
例句:I was studying when he called me.6. 现在完成时:表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例句:She has visited Paris three times.7. 过去完成时:表示对过去某个时间之前发生的动作进行的描述。
例句:They had already left when I arrived.二、动词语态动词语态是指动作发出的主体和动作所受的影响关系。
英语中常见的动词语态有以下几种:1. 主动语态:表示主语是动作的发出者。
例句:He fixed the car yesterday.2. 被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。
例句:The car was fixed by him yesterday.3. 进行时态:表示主语正在进行的动作处于进行状态。
例句:The book is being read by her.4. 完成时态:表示主语已经完成的动作处于完成状态。
例句:The book has been read by her.注意:被动语态需要根据动作的时态来变换,同时需要适当更改时态动词。
非谓语动词(一)非谓语动词就是在句子中不充当谓语的动词。
它不受主语的限制,也没有像谓语动词那样的时态和语态的变化,又称为非限定动词,在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语和状语。
非谓语动词包括三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词。
动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可不带to 。
不定式的否定形式是not to+动词原形。
动词不定式仍然具有动词的功能,可以接宾语或状语而构成不定式短语。
例如:to beat the opponent 打败对手to put on your coat 穿上你的大衣to drive fast 快速驾车to return home 归国,回家注意:不定式之前的to(又称为小品词)与介词to功能不同。
介词to 之后要接名词或代词的宾格,或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语。
而不定式的小品词to的后面需要跟原形动词。
speak to him (to是介词)对他讲话to speak English (to是不定式的小品词)讲英语1 不定式在句子中的用法(1)不定式作名词的用法不定式起名词作用,在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。
①不定式作主语To grow more trees here is very important.(=It is very important to grow more trees here.)在这里多种些树是非常重要的。
To think carefully before you act is necessary.(=It is necessary for you to think carefully before you act.)你须三思而后行。
To walk to school takes me twenty minutes.(=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.)步行到学校我要花20多分钟。
注意:在It is...to的句型中,It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式;这种结构,避免了句子的头重脚轻。
通常不定式被视为单数第三人称,所以动词用is或was。
It's bad for your eyes to read in the sun.在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
另外,不定式作主语的句子,同时有另外一个不定式作表语时,不能转换成“It is...to...”的句型。
例如:To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。
)不能转换为:It is to believe to see.不定式作主语不定式,作主语,有一点,应注意,短语长,往后移,其位置,it 替。
②不定式作表语Her dream is to be a lawyer.她的梦想就是成为一名律师。
What they want is to do it at once.他们所要求的就是立刻着手做这件事。
③不定式作宾语不定式作宾语是用在及物动词之后。
常用的及物动词有:want, wish, hope, like, begin, start, help, agree, refuse, promise, learn, forget, know, need, try等。
She wanted to get home earlier that day.她那天想要早一些到家。
They refused to do so.他们拒绝那样做。
巧记接不定式作宾语的动词Hope、wish、want、agree、promise、Demand、ask、refuse、Manage、learn 、decide、Pretend、choose 三个希望两答应; 设法学会做决定不要假装在选择④不定式作宾语补足语要求用不定式作宾语补足语的动词很多,例如:ask, want, believe, know, tell, advice , like, feel, help, force, invite, let, have, make, prefer, notice, order, remind, see, teach, think, expect, enable, cause, choose, allow, persuade等。
She adviced him to do so.她劝他这么做。
The doctor told me not to go on with the work.医生告诉我不要再继续做这件工作了。
He reminded me to lock the door when I Left.他提醒我离开时锁上门。
注意:1、表示感官的动词如see, hear, watch, feel, notice和某些使役动词如let, make, have等,其后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。
例如:It made me feel thirsty.这东西让我感到口渴。
2、动词help之后,不定式带to或不带to都可以。
Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase?请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗?必背:下列结构必须使用不带to的动词不定式。
had better do...最好还是做……would you please do...请您做……would rather do...宁愿做……would sooner do...愿做……may just as well do...是做……的好rather than do...而不是做……例如:Susan preferred to stay at the dormitory rather than go out with them.苏姗宁可呆在宿舍里,也不跟他们出去。
As you are feeling hungry, you may just as well find something to eat.既然你觉得饿了,还是找些吃的东西吧。
You'd better take this way.你最好走这条路。
注意:在复合宾语中,可以用形式宾语it代替作直接宾语的不定式,而将不定式放在补足语的后面。
She found it difficult to change his mind.她发现要想改变他的思想很困难。
He considere d it his duty to do so.他认为这样做是应该的。
The situation now makes it easy for them to finish building the bridge on time.目前的这种情况使他们很容易按时完成大桥的建设。
(2)不定式作形容词的用法--作定语不定式作定语修饰名词,要放在所修饰的名词之后(又称后置定语)。
这类名词经常使用的有:time, way, chance, right(权力),need(需要),decision(决定),opportunity(机会),effort(努力),courage(勇气),struggle(斗争)等。
例如:Mr. Wang is a man to believe in.王先生是一位值得信赖的人。
I think he is a man to depend on.我认为他是一个可以依赖的人。
Can you find anything to read at the dentist?在牙诊所你可以找到可阅读的东西吗?The boy found no one to play with.这孩子找不到人跟他一块玩。
(3)不定式作副词的用法--作状语。
①不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因和结果状语。
I am sorry to have bothered you.我非常抱歉打搅了你。
(原因状语)They will come to the city to look for a job.他们将要到大城市来找工作。
(目的状语)If you are so stupid as to do so, you must expect trouble.你如果愚蠢得这样做事,你就等着自找麻烦吧。
(结果状语)②“too...to...”结构中的不定式含有否定的意思,因此“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”。
The boy is too young to join the army.这孩子太小,还不能参军。
He is too busy to see me.他太忙,不能来看我。
③“so as...+不定式”结构,不定式作目的状语,意思是“以便……”。
“so+形容词(副词)+as+不定式”结构,不定式作结果状语。
He went there quickly so as to meet her.他赶快到那里去以便可以碰见她。
(目的)He was so kind as to offer his seat to me.承他好意,把座位让给了我。
(结果)The man was so angry as to smash the things in the room.这个人气极了,便开始摔屋里的东西。
(结果)比较:不定式作宾语和作状语的区别。
1 She wants to sleep. (作宾语)她想去睡觉。
2 She went there to sleep. (作状语)她去那儿睡觉。
不定式sleep在上述两句话中分别作宾语和状语。
区分它们有两种方法:①及物动词之后的不定式为宾语(如上面第一句);不及物动词之后的不定式为状语(如上面第二句)。
②按句子含义理解,第一句中,缺少不定式to sleep(作宾语),句子便不完整(she wants),因此这里的不定式to sleep是不能缺的。
而例2中的to sleep(作状语)修饰动词went,表示去那里的目的(是睡觉)。
如果没有这个不定式to sleep,句子依然完整。
(4)不定式作插入语To tell you the truth, you'd better change your car.说实在话,你最好换换你这辆车。
To be fair, it's not his fault, he s not the one to blame.说句公道话,这不是他的错,不该责备他。
2 不定式的时态不定式经常使用的有三种时态形式:一般式,进行式和完成式。
(1)一般式(to do)通常表示与谓语动词所示动作同时或在其后发生的行为或动作。
She wanted to write a letter.她想写一封信。
She told him to put the things in the room in order.她让他把屋子里的东西收拾一下。