SAP异常日志查看手册

sap系统管理员操作手册SAP 系统管理员操作手册1.系统概述1.1 系统架构1.2 功能模块1.3 用户角色与权限2.系统安装与配置2.1 硬件要求2.2 操作系统要求2.3 数据库要求2.4 SAP 软件安装步骤2.5 系统配置3.用户管理与权限控制3.1 用户创建与删除3.2 用户角色分配3.3 权限管理3.4 审计跟踪4.系统监控与调优4.1 系统监控工具概述 4.2 性能调优4.3 系统日志分析4.4 报表与分析5.数据备份与恢复5.1 数据备份策略5.2 数据恢复步骤5.3 事务日志管理6.问题排查与故障修复6.1 常见问题排查方法 6.2 故障修复流程6.3 SAP 支持与故障报告7.定期维护与系统更新7.1 补丁管理7.2 系统更新策略7.3 数据库维护与优化7.4 空间管理8.安全管理8.1 用户认证与授权8.2 访问控制8.3 安全日志与审计8.4 漏洞管理与修复9.高可用性与灾备9.1 集群配置与管理9.2 灾备方案设计9.3 系统故障切换10.文档更新与版本控制11.附件所有相关的文档、配置文件和示例代码附件请参见附件文件夹。

12.法律名词及注释- SAP：Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung（数据处理的系统，应用和产品）- 系统管理员：负责管理和维护 SAP 系统的人员- 权限：用户对系统功能和数据的访问权限- 审计跟踪：记录系统操作和事件的日志，用于审计和追踪- 性能调优：优化系统配置和操作，以提高系统响应时间和吞吐量- 数据备份与恢复：定期备份系统数据，并在需要时进行恢复- 事务日志：记录数据库中的变更操作，用于数据恢复和故障修复- 故障修复：识别和修复系统故障以保证系统正常运行- 补丁管理：安装和更新系统补丁以修复软件漏洞和提供新功能- 访问控制：限制用户对系统的访问权限，保证系统安全 - 安全日志：记录系统安全事件和攻击，用于追踪和分析- 集群：将多台计算机组合成一个虚拟系统，提高系统可用性和性能- 灾备方案：为系统提供备份和恢复策略以应对自然灾害或系统故障- 文档更新与版本控制：定期更新并管理文档版本以确保准确性和时效性。

描述OBJECTCLAS對象物料主数据变更查询（MM03）MATERIAL采购信息记录变更查询（ME1L）INFOSATZ采购申请（PR）BANF采购订单变更查询（PO）EINKBELEG销售凭证（含合同、订单等）VERKBELEG客户DEBI供应商KRED信⽤(FD32)KLIMCDHDR -抬头表OBJECTCLAS对象类OBJECTID对象值CHANGENR⽂档更改编号CHANGE_IND U 更新I 插⼊E 删除 (单字段⽂档) D 删除J 插⼊ (单字段⽂档)SAP-ABAP批量查询SAP标准⽇志（更改历史記錄）常⽤對象名：如何查找对象1.对象表：TCDOBTCDOBT（SE11，根據表查詢對象）/SCDO（根據對象查詢表）2.⽤单号，编码模糊查询3.限定时间与⽤户进⾏测试批量查询标准⽇志⽅法⼀：事务代码（SE38）：RSSCD100 / (RC1CD100\RSSCD1TS)⽅法⼆：后台表（SE11）：CDHDR 和 CDPOSCDPOS-项⽬表OBJECTCLAS对象类OBJECTID对象值CHANGENR⽂档更改编号TABNAME表名TABKEY已更改的表记录码FNAME字段名CHNGIND修改类型 (U, I, E, D)TEXT_CASE标识：X=⽂本更改UNIT_OLD更改⽂档，参照的单位UNIT_NEW更改⽂档，参照的单位CUKY_OLD更改⽂档，参照货币CUKY_NEW更改⽂档，参照货币VALUE_NEW更改字段的新内容VALUE_OLD更改字段的新内容*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Report ZCDHDR_CDPOS*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&*& 标准程序：RSSCD100*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT zcdhdr_cdpos NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING .TYPE-POOLS: slis.TABLES: cdhdr,cdred,tcdob.DATA: fldct TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,slayt TYPE slis_layout_alv ,varnt LIKE disvariant,repid LIKE sy-repid .DATA: itab TYPE TABLE OF cdred WITH HEADER LINE.DATA: it_cdhdr TYPE TABLE OF cdhdr WITH HEADER LINE.DATA: it_cdred TYPE TABLE OF cdred WITH HEADER LINE.SELECT-OPTIONS :s_clas FOR tcdob-object OBLIGATORY ,s_objtid FOR cdhdr-objectid,s_usrnam FOR cdhdr-username ,s_udate FOR cdhdr-udate DEFAULT sy-datum,s_time FOR cdhdr-utime,s_tcode FOR cdhdr-tcode,s_tab FOR cdred-tabname,s_fname FOR cdred-fname,s_tabkey FOR cdred-tabkey .AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT.%_s_clas_%_app_%-text = '对象类'.%_s_objtid_%_app_%-text = '对象值'.%_s_usrnam_%_app_%-text = '⽤户名'.%_s_udate_%_app_%-text = '⽇期'.%_s_time_%_app_%-text = '时间'.%_s_tcode_%_app_%-text = '事务码'.%_s_tab_%_app_%-text = '修改的表名'.%_s_fname_%_app_%-text = '字段名'.%_s_tabkey_%_app_%-text = 'KEY值'.START-OF-SELECTION.PERFORM getdata.PERFORM outdata.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Form getdata*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM getdata.CLEAR: itab,itab[],it_cdhdr,it_cdhdr[].SELECT * INTO TABLE it_cdhdrFROM cdhdrWHERE objectclas IN s_clas ANDobjectid IN s_objtid ANDusername IN s_usrnam ANDudate IN s_udate ANDutime IN s_time ANDtcode IN s_tcode .LOOP AT it_cdhdr.CLEAR: it_cdred,it_cdred[].CALL FUNCTION'CHANGEDOCUMENT_READ'EXPORTINGchangenumber = it_cdhdr-changenrobjectclass = it_cdhdr-objectclasobjectid = it_cdhdr-objectidTABLESeditpos = it_cdredEXCEPTIONSno_position_found = 1wrong_access_to_archive = 2time_zone_conversion_error = 3OTHERS = 4.IF sy-subrc = 0.LOOP AT it_cdred WHERE fname IN s_fname AND tabname IN s_tab ANDtabkey IN s_tabkey .APPEND it_cdred TO itab.ENDLOOP.ENDIF.ENDLOOP.ENDFORM. "getdata*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Form outdata*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM outdata.DATA lines(10).slayt-colwidth_optimize = 'X'.slayt-zebra = 'X'.slayt-detail_initial_lines = 'X'. "&ETA 空单元格也显⽰ repid = sy-repid.CALL FUNCTION'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY' EXPORTINGi_callback_program = repidi_structure_name = 'CDRED'i_save = 'A'is_layout = slayti_callback_user_command = 'USER_COMMAND' TABLESt_outtab = itabEXCEPTIONSprogram_error = 1OTHERS = 2.ENDFORM. "outdata*&--------------------------------------------------------------------**& Form user_command*&--------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM user_command USING r_ucomm LIKE sy-ucomm rs_selfld TYPE slis_selfield.CASE r_ucomm.WHEN '&IC1'.READ TABLE itab INDEX rs_selfld-tabindex.CHECK sy-subrc = 0.WHEN 'REFRESH'.PERFORM getdata.ENDCASE.rs_selfld-row_stable = 'X'.rs_selfld-col_stable = 'X'.rs_selfld-refresh = 'X'.ENDFORM. "user_command*&--------------------------------------------------------------------**& Form set_status*&--------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM set_status USING rt_extab TYPE slis_t_extab. SET PF-STATUS'STANDARD' EXCLUDING rt_extab . ENDFORM. "set_statusZCDHDR_CDPOS。

SAP.ST01使⽤⼿册及官⽅帮助⽂档SAP.T-code:ST01使⽤⼿册及/doc/fa93391fff00bed5b9f31d48.html 官⽅帮助⽂档System Trace/doc/fa93391fff00bed5b9f31d48.html/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/1f/83114c4bc511d189750000e8322d00/content.htm UseIf you want to record the internal SAP system activities, use the function SAP System Trace. Recording the processes in your application server enables you to monitor the system and facilitates troubleshooting.IntegrationThe system trace is primarily used when an authorization trace is to be used. The system log or the developer trace are recommended for system monitoring and problem analysis.FeaturesThe following components can be monitored using the SAP system trace:Authorization checksKernel functionsKernel moduleDatabase accesses (SQL trace)Table bufferRFC callsLock operations (client side)The last 4 components can also be monitored using Performance Analysis (transaction ST05). For documentation on this, see Performance Trace Overview.There are two ways of selecting what traces you want displayed. In the initial screen, the components to be logged are selected and more filtersare set, if required. The filters and restrictions for the traces that have these settings can be set when the traces are evaluated. Initial ScreenThe initial screen of the system trace looks like this:Activating and Deactivating TracesFirst configure the trace components. If necessary, restrict the selection using the pushbutton General filter, and then choose Trace on. You can also change the components while the trace is activate by choosing Change trace.You can use both Settings buttons to save your settings and call them up again later.You can use the Save button (or Go To Save in the menu) to save trace records in dedicated files. You are presented with a screen on which you can create a remark for the trace file and select whether this should be created automatically or whether a file has to be created for this purpose. The use of explicit files is described in greater detail below.Options for Trace AnalysisIf you choose Evaluation, a screen opens on which you can make various evaluation settings.Here you can set various evaluation options.Besides determining the trace components, you can restrict the analysis to particular users, work processes, transactions, and times.For performance analysis, you can use the field Duration to analyze only records for which the duration of a trace record exceeds a specific period of time. This also applies to trace components that have a duration. This setting does not apply to the authorization trace.You can also set a restriction that only specific tables are included in the trace analysis (this also applies to the SQL and the table buffer trace).You can enter two table names directly on the screen; you can add other tables using the button of the same name. The button changes color if there are more than two tables in the list.In the lower part of the screen, you can specify a separate filer to protect a trace from being automatically overwritten. If you specify a separate file here, the “normal” trace files are ignored and the specified file is used.Besides the button, there are 3 more buttons:Filter historyThis shows you that last 10 filter settings of the user in question.Use default valuesThe filter gets the following default values: own user, own client, from 10 minutes ago (rounded off) until now, all trace types, not tables D010* and D020*.Delete all valuesThis button deletes the values in all fields.The menu “Filter Settings” also contains all these functions.Once you are finished making the settings for the analysis criteria, choose to display the results of the analysis. Interpreting the Analysisdetermines the filename and stores the file in the log directory. The advantage of this is that, unlike a manually created file, the F4 help can be used for to search for the file from the analysis screen.If you choose automatic creation, you can delete the file again in thistransaction (use the button in the analysis screen). This is not possible ifyou specify a filename. If you want to delete this kind of file, you have to do soat the operating system level.ActivitiesEnter transaction code ST01. Alternatively, choose Administration→System administration → Monitor → Traces → SAPSystem Trace.基本应⽤范例需求描述：当前需要创建⼀个账户并富裕⼀个新的⾓⾊，该账户仅⽤于：1.显⽰其他⽤户主数据；2.为其他⽤户更改密码；3.为其他⽤户解除系统锁定状态；需求分析：就该账户应⽤需求进⾏分析，⾸先需要在系统中创建具有上述3点功能的⾓⾊，其次将该⾓⾊富裕账户。

SAP系统日常维护手册目录1编写目的与适用范围............................................................................................................... 2计划性每天任务:......................................................................................................................2.1检查失败的updates.......................................................................................................2.2检查system Log ............................................................................................................2.3查看被取消和危险的后台任务....................................................................................2.4检查系统被锁项............................................................................................................2.5查看系统用户................................................................................................................2.6检查打印机....................................................................................................................2.7后台批处理进程............................................................................................................2.8工作进程........................................................................................................................2.9ABAP DUMP分析........................................................................................................2.10系统工作量分析............................................................................................................2.11查看buffer .....................................................................................................................2.12检查每天的备份执行是否有错....................................................................................2.13数据库错误日志............................................................................................................ ..........................................................................................................................................................2.14操作系统日志................................................................................................................ 3每周维护任务...........................................................................................................................3.1检查数据库表空间........................................................................................................3.2检查数据库数据增长....................................................................................................3.3定义数据库维护任务....................................................................................................3.4文件系统空间检查........................................................................................................ 4系统管理常规任务...................................................................................................................4.1用户管理........................................................................................................................4.1.1产生一个新用户 ........................................................................................................4.1.2Copy用户 ......................................................................................................................4.1.3Lock用户.......................................................................................................................4.1.4修改用户密码 ............................................................................................................4.2系统管理........................................................................................................................4.2.1启动SAP系统 ...........................................................................................................4.2.2关闭SAP系统 ...........................................................................................................4.2.3扩展表空间 ................................................................................................................4.2.4系统打印机定义 ........................................................................................................4.2.5后台任务定义 ............................................................................................................4.2.6定义系统工作模式 ....................................................................................................4.2.7操作模式时间表定义 ................................................................................................4.2.8定义每日系统操作模式 ............................................................................................4.2.9集团管理 ....................................................................................................................集团创建.................................................................................................................集团本地复制.........................................................................................................集团远程复制（export/import）...........................................................................集团删除.................................................................................................................系统参数维护 ............................................................................................................系统参数profile创建 ............................................................................................系统参数的修改.....................................................................................................角色定义 ....................................................................................................................传输系统管理 ............................................................................................................传输系统定义.........................................................................................................Change request 传输...............................................................................................系统语言输入 ............................................................................................................系统备份 ....................................................................................................................系统恢复 ....................................................................................................................系统补丁 ....................................................................................................................系统License申请 ......................................................................................................系统安全审计 ............................................................................................................安全审计定义.........................................................................................................用户审计检查......................................................................................................... 5常见问题及解答.......................................................................................................................5.1系统操作中止................................................................................................................5.2系统性能下降................................................................................................................5.3打印机不工作................................................................................................................ 1编写目的与适用范围管理员手册适用于SAP项目实施后对SAP系统的日常维护和管理，本文档的主要对象是SAP系统管理员，以帮助系统管理员明确SAP系统管理的范围，规范操作步骤为目的。