八年级下册英语语法笔记
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八年级下册英语语法笔记
Unit 1语法
本单元主要学习将来时态的表达
1．将来时态：表示将要在将来的时间里发生的动作。主要的时间状语有in the future , tomorrow，
the day after tomorrow, next day(month, year), in +段时间表示的将来时间，如：in ten
years, in two weeks等.
将来时的肯定构成：主语+will+V原+其他 I will go to Beijing tomorrow.
将来时的否定构成：主语+will+not (won’t )+V原+其他 I won’t go to Beijing tomorrow.
将来时的疑问构成：Will +主语+V原+其他Will you go to Beijing tomorrow
Yes, I will. No, I won’t.
在英语中也可以用另外一种句子表示将来时
肯定构成：主语+be going to + V原+其他. I am going to Beijing tomorrow.
否定构成：主语+be going to + V原+其他. I am not going to Beijing tomorrow.
疑问构成：Be+主语+ going to + V原+其他Are you going to Beijing
Yes, I am No, I am not.
两者的区别主要是：1）be going to 表示有某种暗示
Eg:It is going to rain.(通过看天气或云而判断出来的。)
2）be going to 有计划性，有某种打算 I am going to be a teacher.
除了以上之外，will 和 be going to 可以通用。
2．There be 句型表示“有”，have 也表示“有”， 那么“将要有”的表达如下：
① There is going to be ②there will be
③主语（必须是人做主语）+will have ④主语（必须是人做主语）+ be going to have
There is going to be a sports meeting next week.
= There will be a sports meeting next week.
I will have a new toy car. = I am going to have a toy car.
没有there is going to have , there will have 的表达。
3.不定代词：表示没有具体指代的人或物。
表示物的不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing 不定代词
表示人的不定代词everybody(everyone),somebody(some one),
anybody(any one),nobody(no one)
注意：所有的不定代词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。
Everyone stays (stay) at home.
little, little, a few, few的区别及用法
a little 一点 a few
后面必须加不可数名词 后面必须加不可数名词
little 几乎没有 a little
eg: He is new, so he has few friends.
eg: I am so thirsty, but there is little water in the glass.
little —less —least few—fewer—fewest
自由的 adj I will be free tomorrow.
免费的 adj Everything is free, you needn’t take money.
n. freedom 自由
污染n.（不可数名词）There is much pollution in the city.
7. agree : v 同意 agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you.
agree —disagree= don’t agree
在Section A 中必须掌握的短语
① there will be 将要有②in people’s homes 在人们的家里
③study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
④be free 免费 ⑤live to be… 活到…⑥in 100 years 一百年以后⑦less pollution 更少的污染
⑧big and crowded 大而拥挤⑨more tall buildings 更多的高大建筑物
8．alone, lonely
alone, 独自一人 强调一个人 lonely, 孤独的；寂寞的 强调内心的孤独，寂寞
I live alone, but I don’t feel lonely.
9. keep: v. 饲养 I like keeping pets.
v. 使某人… keep (sb.) doing sth I keep him waiting. 保持 keep sth + adj Please keep the room clean. Keep quiet.
10. can / be able to 区别
共同点：含义相同 能够
不同点： can 是情态动词，只有一般现在时态和过去时态
be able to 可用于各种时态，be动词随主语的不同要做相应的变化。
He can play soccer.= He is able to play soccer.
11. need: 双重身份的动词 1）情态动词+V原 I need a new bike.
2） 行为动词 need to do sth I need to buy a new bike.
12. Predicting the future can be difficult. Predicting 在这里是动名词做主语。动名词虽然是名词，但是也具有动词性质，表示动作，但是名词就没有动作性质。
predict v 预测 n. prediction n. 预测，预言
13．One of + 名词复数+动词单数+其他 ….的之一
He is one of the best students. 他是最好的学生之一。
14．be used by 被用于…. The bike is used by riding.
15．see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 I see him playing soccer.
see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事 I saw him play soccer.
在Section B 中必须掌握的短语
①fell in love with 爱上②as a reporter 作为一个记者③living alone 独自一人居住
④on the weekend 在周末⑤one day 一天⑥World Cup 世界杯⑦for fun 为了娱乐
⑧from now 从现在⑨work for sb 为某人工作⑩job interview 工作面试⑾fly to 飞向…
⑿come true 实现
16. help: help sb do sth =help sb with doing sth =help sb with sth
He helps me clean the room.=He helps me with cleaning the room.
17. such\ so 表示“如此”时的区别
such a\an + adj. + 单数名词 He is such a clever boy.
so +adj.+a\an +单数名词 = He is so clever a boy.
try to do sth 努力做某事 I try to listen him carefully.
try doing 尝试做某事
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 I try my best to help her. 我尽我最大努力帮助她。
19． the same …..as 同… 一样 He has the same pen as me.
(注意same前面的the 永远不可以丢掉。)
20． make v make sb do sth 使某人做某事 Playing games make me be happy.
make sb +adj 使某人…. = Playing games make me happy.
is +adj for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是 adj.
It is important for us to be healthy.
It is easy for a child to wake up.
: v. 似乎 1） seem to do sth He seems to be wrong.
2) It seems(seemed) that +…. It seems that he is wrong.
23. over and over again 再三地 They do simple jobs over and over again.
Unit2语法
本单元主要学习表示建议的句子
1．should 情态动词 肯定形式：主语+should +动词原形
否定形式：主语+should +not+动词原形
