18-J-1-曹潇允-美国的宗教PPT介绍

美国留学：宗教信仰文化介绍导读：本文美国留学：宗教信仰文化介绍，仅供参考，如果能帮助到您，欢迎点评和分享。

美国留学生活中需要了解的宗教信仰。

美国留学生活指南指出在美国，每10个人中就有9个人自称相信上帝，有8个人认为宗教对他们的生活非常重要，有7个人属于某个宗教组织，有大约6个人每天祈祷，有一半以上的人认为上帝是美国民主的道德引导力量，有4个人每周去教堂，以及有30多万座教堂寺庙遍及美国城乡这一事实时，也许就没有理由怀疑存在于高度发达的物质文明背后的美国宗教在美国社会中所发挥的作用。

美国留学生生活必然会与美国的宗教文化发生碰撞，留学生需要提前对美国的宗教信仰方面有所掌握，下文是为您带来的详细介绍。

美国留学生活需要了解的宗教信仰：目前美国有1200多家宗教广播电台播放宗教节目，每12家电视台中就有一家是宗教电视台，在20世纪的最后10年里，美国的宗教节目增加了75%。

美国的宗教报刊杂志有5000多种，《新约圣经》在美国的印数超过了1亿册，宗教音乐的音像制品销售量远远超过了爵士乐、古典音乐及其他各种流行音乐。

美国留学生可以看到，美国的大学校园里，活动着大量的学生宗教团体。

美国的医院、监狱、机场及其他许多公共与民间机构中也都有专职或兼职的宗教职业人员提供宗教服务。

美国85%以上私立中小学校的学生就读于教会学校。

哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、普林斯顿大学等许多着名的美国大学最初都是由教会创办的，可想而知，宗教团体在相当一部分美国留学生生活中，也占有一定地位。

美国留学生生活中比不可少的钞票上，赫然印着“我们信仰上帝”。

美国的国歌里，有“上帝保佑美国”的歌词。

美国总统就职，要手按圣经进行宣誓。

国会参众两院的每一届会议都是以国会牧师主持的祈祷开始。

美国的军队里有牧师，神甫等各种不同宗教的随军神职人员，身穿军官制服，在军中提供宗教服务。

以上是对美国留学需要了解的宗教信仰的详细介绍，希望对申请者有所帮助。

英美概况课件英美宗教Religion in the UKReligionMajor Differences Between C & P Catholic Vs. ProtestantPower and authority of the Pope as head of the Church in setting rules of moral conduct ?emphasis on ritualeducation of children into the faithimportance of Virgin MaryMore individualistic attitude generallyimportance of individual conscience in relationship to God less formal services of worship (less ceremonial)Hinduismis thought to be the oldest major world religion that is still practiced today. It was the firstreligion that had a concept of reincarnation（转世，再生）.In Hinduism spiritual practice (such as praying or doing special exercises called yoga) isvery important.JudaismJudaism is one of the oldest religions on Earth.Religious Jews believe that Moses brought the Ten Commandments十诫and the Torah(圣经旧约前5卷) down from Mount Sinai.西奈山（为上帝授与摩西十诫之处)）believe that God had considered the Jews His chosen people.Major Denominations in the UKthe Church of Englandthe Roman Catholic Churchthe Free/Nonconformist Churches不信奉英国国教的Denominations in the UKChurch of England /Anglican Churchone of the many protestant sects which began in English after Henry VIII.the King , not the Pope, was the supreme head of the English ChurchIts head is sovereign, and its religious head is the Archbishop of CanterburyEngland is divided into 43 dioceses,教区each with a bishop.Every diocese has a cathedral as its central church .Roman Catholic Churchthe world’s largest Christian church and its hierarchy is headed by the Pope.have played a prominent role in the politics and history of Western civilization since the 4thcentury.Prayers and devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary are part of Catholic piety.The Church defines its mission as spreading the gospel (福音)of Jesus Christ,administering the sacraments (圣礼)and exercising charityThe Free/Nonconformist ChurchesIt is a collective name for all non-Anglican and non-Roman Catholic Christian churches inBritain.The Free/Nonconformist ChurchesThe MethodistThe Quakers公谊会教徒,贵格会教徒,教友会教徒(基督教教派,反对暴力,宗教仪式简单且无神职人员)the Puritansthe Baptist浸礼会the Presbyterian Church长老会The Methodist (卫理公会)The Methodism is a group of Protestant denominationsThe Quakers/Religious Society of FriendsThe first Quakers were Christians but the religion today includes some other people whoare not ChristianQuakers believe they could talk to God themselves - that they did not need a priest orminister to do it for them.Quakers worship in "meetings for worship", Quakers believe that a meeting for worshiphelps them to understand what God wants.PuritanismThe Puritans were radical Protestants who determined to “purify” the Anglican Chur ch ofall the corruption and ceremonial pomp of the Roman Catholic of that time.Puritanism advocates stern simplicity and strict moralityThe BaptistBaptist churches do not have a central principal authorityBaptists share so-called "orthodox" Christian beliefs with most other moderate or conservative Christian denominations Some beliefs about one God; Jesus' death, burial, and bodily resurrection; the Trinity; the need for salvation etc.The Presbyterian ChurchPresbyterianism is the established religion in Scotland. by1560 it was the official religion ofthe Scotland nation.Decline of Religion in the UKRecently Religion has seriously declined in the UK. Only a minority go to church regularly.A large proportion of people are not really interested in it at all.Reasons: 1. successes of modern science and Darwin’s Theory of Evolution2. the general improvement in social conditions and the variety of modern entertainmentReligion in USAThe Development of American ReligionsThree faith and American Religious PreferencesProtestants and Protestant GroupsCatholicsFeatures of American ReligionReligious Problems in the USChanging Religious LandscapeThe Development of American ReligionsImmigrationReligious FreedomProselytism (n. 劝诱改信仰，改信宗教)ImmigrationProtestants from the old worldImmigrants from other European countries brought their religionsReligious FreedomAmerican Independence advanced the religious libertyThe first Amendment to the Constitution of the United Statesguarantees the freedom ofreligionno state-supported religion, which hoped to ensure that diversity of religious belief would never become the source of social or political injustice or disaffection.American government would not meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens. In some ways, the government supports all religion.The government does not pay ministers’ salaries or require any belief as a condition of holding public offices.ProselytismProselytizing is the act of attempting to convert people to another opinion and, particularly,another religion.Evangelical (信福音主义者) Christians often use the term "witnessing" to mean discussingone's faith with another person with the intent of proselytism.Three faithsBy the 1950s, a kind of “three faiths” model had developed in the US. Americans wereconsidered to come in three basic varieties: Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish, but an increasing number of Americans did not fit into any of these groups.American Religious PreferencesProtestants and Protestant Groups in the USAThe majority of the Americans (over 50%) are protestants.The Baptists are the largest protestant group and most blacks are Baptists.Next to Baptists, most numerous Protestants are Methodist.Two major Denomination in America (results of nativedevelopment)Christian Science (基督教科学派)Mormonism (摩门教)Christian Sciencefounded in 1879Health depended on right mental attitudesIllness can only be cured mental consciousness.Christian Scientists believe that through prayer, knowing and understanding, all thingsare possible for good through God.Mormonismfounded by Joseph Smith in 1830practised polygamy (plural marriage)Mormons believe that the church founded by Joseph Smith was a literal restoration ofprimitive Christianity, Mormonism classifies itself within ChristianityFeatures of American ReligionThe variety of beliefsthe emphasis on social problemsthe separation of church and state(政教分离)Eastern Orthodoxyadherents believe in trinity of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.God is reached by personal prayer and devotion conducted in the church and in private,everyday life.The Variety of Beliefsthe wide variety of denominationsEmphasis on social problems and humanitarian idealsfocus on improving the present world by doing one’s duty.less concentrate on winning salvation in the next world through repentance.The separation of church and statemean that religion and government must stay separate for the benefit of both, includingthe idea that the government must not impose religion on Americans nor create any law requiring it.no established state religion in the USReligious Problems in the USsome small sects are intolerant, some emotional, some odd and brutal, some hysterical.The Issue of Abortionthe Issue of Abortion remains controversial because of opposition from many religions.The nation is divided over the moral right of a woman to terminate a pregnancy.。