2017-2018学年高中英语(人教版+选修6)教师用书:Unit+

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Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writingit的用法(Ⅰ)一、it用作代词1.it作非人称代词,常用于指代时间、距离、自然现象、量度、价值等。

It's time to get up.(指时间)到起床的时间了。

It's going to snow.(指天气)(天)要下雪了。

It is a long way from my school to the hospital.(指距离)从我的学校到医院(距离)很远。

2.it用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事物、性别不明或被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。

—Who is knocking at the door?——谁在敲门?—It's me.——是我。

(性别不明)We bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before we can move in.(代替前文提到的事物)我们买了一所新房子,但搬进去之前还需要做很多工作。

[考题印证]1①(北京高考改编)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it.②(北京高考改编)Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with it extra stress.3.用来代替指示代词this, that。

—Is this your new computer?——这是你的新电脑吗?—No, it isn't.——不是。

—What's that?——那是什么?—It's Tom's passport.——是汤姆的护照。

二、it作形式主语it常可代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等作形式主语,而将真正的主语移至句子后面。

it作形式主语的几种常见句型:1.It is+形容词(good/kind/clever/stupid/easy/hard/difficult/important,etc.)(+of/for sb.)+to do sth.It's important for us to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说很重要。

2.It is+形容词(important/necessary/clear/possible/natural/strange, etc.)+that+sb.+(should) do sth.(虚拟语气)It is important that we (should) pay close attention to the situation.我们密切关注形势的发展是很重要的。

3.It is no use/good/useless/senseless/dangerous/enjoyable/worthwhile/a waste/fun, etc.+doing sth.It's no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。

4.It is said /reported/announced /(well­)known/believed/hoped/suggested/expected, etc. that ...It is reported that many people were badly injured in the mine disaster.据报道在这起矿难中有多人严重受伤。

5.It is +名词(词组)(a pity/a shame/an honour/no wonder/a fact, etc.)+that 从句。

It's a pity that you missed such an exciting football match.你错过了这么令人兴奋的足球比赛,真遗憾。

[点津] it作形式主语没有具体的意义,只是把真正的主语移至句子的后面,避免头重脚轻。

[考题印证]2①(江苏高考改编)It was never clear why the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.②(全国卷Ⅱ改编)The doctor thought it would be good for you to have a holiday.三、it作形式宾语it常可代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在句子中作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句子后面。

it作形式宾语常用于以下几种情况:1.动词+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.+)to do或+that从句。

其中,常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep等;常用形容词有hard, useless, worth, worthwhile等。

I think it important that you (should) attend the conference.我认为你参加这次会议很重要。

I found it hard to get on with Mary.我发现同玛丽相处很难。

[考题印证]3①(山东高考改编)Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.②(山东高考改编) The two girls are so alike that the strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.③(天津高考改编)We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.2.动词+it+to sb.(sth.)/for granted/in mind ...+that ...常用句型有:owe it to sb.(sth.)that ... 把……归功于某人leave it to sb.(sth.)that ... 把……留给某人去做take it for granted that ... 认为……理所当然keep it in mind that ... 把……记在心里We owe it to you that we finished the work on time.多亏了你,我们才按时完成了这项工作。

I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.我让你自己判断这事是否该做。

3.动词(短语)+it+that/when/if ...常用在此结构中的动词(短语)有:enjoy, like, love, dislike, appreciate, hate, prefer, ask for, answer for, see to, depend on, insist on等。

See to it that the goods are kept well.注意这些货物要保存好。

I like it when the weather is fine in autumn.我喜欢秋高气爽的天气。

[考题印证]4(陕西高考改编)I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.Ⅰ.同义句转换(用it改写句子)1.To my surprise, he thought that it was impossible for him to learn English well.→To my surprise, he thought it impossible for him to learn English well.2.36 students are said to have passed the exam in our class.→It_ is_ said_ that 36 students passed the exam in our class.3.To give up smoking is not easy.→It_ is not easy to give up smoking.4.Debating about it is useless.→It_ is useless debating about it.5.I became stronger and stronger, which made my parents glad.→I became stronger and stronger, and it_ made_ my_ parents_ glad.6.He felt it was his duty to serve the people heart and soul.→He felt it_ his_ duty to serve the people heart and soul.7.In the west, people send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends, making it a rule.→In the west, people make_ it_ a_ rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.8.When and where to hold the match hasn't been decided.→It_ hasn't_ been_ decided when and where to hold the match.Ⅱ.完成句子1.They haven't_made_it_to_the_public (还没有公之于众) where they are to hold the conference.2.I think it_is_impossible_for_us (对我们来说那是不可能的) to finish our work on time.3.It_is_reported_that (据报道) two people were injured in the accident.4.It_is_no_use (那是没有用的) saying any more about it.5.It_is_my_duty (那是我的职责) to help you improve your English.6.It_is_well_known (众所周知) that smoking does harm to people's health.7.You_may_depend_upon_it_that (你可以相信) we'll never lose heart.8.I_took_it_for_granted_that (我认为……理所当然) you could stay with us.9.I_hate_it (我讨厌) when you say such things in public.10.I_would_appreciate_it_very_much (我将感激不尽) if you could help me with it.回复建议信假如你是李华,你跟你的朋友Paul聊天,他表示学习压力很大,请你给他写封信,给他提一些建议。