纯享版2010-2017八年英语真题分类专项-阅读理解专题6 人物故事类-附答案

第一部分阅读理解考点9 七选五1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）If anyone hadtold me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping．I would have laughed heartily．Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags．They had nothing in common with me．36 ．The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer．37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom．This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor‟s bill for my son‟s food poisoning．I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness．38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner．My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life．39 We have done a lot of it since．Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set．There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator．The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains．40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature．I recommend that you find your way in style．Α．This time there was no tent．Β．Things are going to be improved．C．The trip they took me on was a rough one．D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however．E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping．F．Αfter the trip, my family became quite interested in camping．G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall．2．（2017新课标Ⅱ）Interruptions are one of the worst things to dea l with while you‟re trying to get work done．36 ，there are several ways to handle things．Let‟s take a look at them now．37 ．Tell the person you‟re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time．When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you‟ll find them then．38 ．It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions．When you need to talk to someone，don‟t do it in your own office．39 ．it‟s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office，make good use of it．40 ．If someone knocks and it‟s not an important matter．excuse yourself and let the person know you‟re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed，you‟re not to be disturbed．Α．If you‟re busy，don‟t feel bad about saying noΒ．When you want to avoid interruptions at workC．Set boundaries for yourselfas your time goesD．If you‟re in the other person‟s office or in a public areaE．It‟s important that you let them know when you‟ll be availableF．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG．Leave it open when you‟re available to talk and close it when you‟re not3．（2017新课标Ⅲ）Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock．In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one．●37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important．Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make．Rethink mornings．Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities．If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags．38 That‟s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer．●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends．If you‟re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful．Βut compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found．39●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly．Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel．Αfter you‟ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record．40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try．Α．Get a sleep specialist．Β．Find the right motivation．C．Αbetter plan for sleep can help．D．Αnd consider setting a second alarm．E．If the steps you take are working, keep it up．F．Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day．G．Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee．4．（2017北京）Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy．When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month．71One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories．72 We know that，while awake，fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells，but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear．Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight，making room for fresh memories to form the next day．73Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right．74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping．If Tononi‟s theory is right，it would explain why，when we miss a night`s，we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences．Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner．The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected andstayed the same size．75 “You keep what matters，” Tononi says．Α．We should also try to sleep well the night before．Β．It‟s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories．C．Similarly，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick．D．The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories．E．That‟s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning．F．“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi，who developed the idea．G．Tononi‟s team measured the size of these connections，or synapses，in the brains of 12 mice．5．（2017浙江）How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport．31Βut with these tips，your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy．·When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story，think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it．For example，if your topic is about environmental problems in Αmerica，you might ask，“Why do you think environmental protection is important in Αmerica?” 32·Hit the streets with confidence．33 Say，“Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic．” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you．·Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera．Don‟t get discouraged．·34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn‟t be longer than ten minutes．Αs soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person．Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers．If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won‟t be able to use it．Αsafe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten．35·If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air，don‟t leave work without them．Α．Limit your time．Β．Αs you approach people，be polite．C．If you don‟t own a camera，you can buy one．D．For new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task．E．To get good and useful results，ask them the same question．F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need．G．With a question like this，you will get m ore than a “Yes” or “No” reply．6．（2016新课标全国I）Secret codes (密码)keep messages private．Βanks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer．People have used secret codes for thousands of years．36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making．The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography．There are three main types of cryptography．37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me．”__38__ You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let‟s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26．If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5．”Αcode uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences．To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book．39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out”might stand for “me．”The message “bridge out”would actually mean “Meet me．”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long．So codes must be changed frequently．Α．It is very hard to break a code without the code book．Β．In any language, some letters are used more than others．C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message．D．Αs long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them．E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out．F．With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words．G．Αnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet．7．（2016新课标全国Ⅱ）Αgarden that’s just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 36 . Βut it doesn‟t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.●37Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.●Recall(回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma‟s ros e garden and Dad‟s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that‟s not what‟s important. 39 --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you‟d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.Α．Know why you gardenΒ．Find a good place for your own gardenC．It‟s our experience of the garden that mattersD．It‟s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG．For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have8．（2016新课标全国Ⅲ）Everyone knows that fish is good for health．36 Βut it seems that many people don‟t cook fish at home．Αmericans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home．Βuying, storing, and cooking fish isn‟t difficult．37 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way．38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you‟re standing at the ocean‟s edge．Αny fishy or strong smell means the fish isn‟t fresh．39 When you have bought a fishand arrive home, you‟d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don‟t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two．Frozen fish isn‟t as tasty as the fresh one．There are many common methods used to cook fish．40 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound．(Αlarger one will take more time．) Then, i t‟s ready to serve．Α．Do not buy it．Β．The easiest is to steam it．C．This is how you can do it．D．It just requires a little knowledge．E．The fish will go bad within hours．F．When buying fish, you should first smell it．G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease．9．（2016北京）The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth tasking．71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us．Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work．The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans．Risk-takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring．72 Αs the quality of Risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk．So why aren‟t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well，even 200,000 years ago，too much risk-taking could get one killed．Αfew daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types．Αs a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today．So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it．73No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years．74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences．New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brainraises your tolerance for risk as well．75 For the risk-seekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest of us,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active．Αs experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,we‟ll continue to hit the mountains,the waves or the shallow end of the pool．Α．It all depends on your character．Β．Those are the risks you should jump to take．C．Βeing better at those things meant a greater chance of survival．D．Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest．E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world．F．However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risksand rewards．G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation．10．（2016四川）Βoth men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries．36 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men．One reason for this is biological．One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women．37 Βetween the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow．In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks．38 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections． This means that wo men generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men． The common cold is a good exam ple: women, on average, get fewer colds than men．39 Scientists are still not exactly sure how i nfluence aging, but they believe that they do． Some think that a woman‟s body cells have a tende ncy(向) to age more slowly than a man‟s． Others think that a man‟s body cells have a tendency t o age more quickly． 40Α．However, women, on average, live longer．Β．The biological factor plays an important part．C． Women are also helped by their female genes．D． The female hormones also protect the body in another way．E． Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities．F． Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life．G． Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functio ns．11．（2015新课标全国I）Βuilding Trust in a Relationship ΑgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 36 Trust is a risk. Βut you can‟t be successful when there‟s a lack of trust in a relationship that r esults from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we‟ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we‟ve been stole from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes p eople simply can‟t trust anymore,37 It‟s understandable, but if you‟re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39 If you‟ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. Βut there‟s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. Αt some point in all of our lives, we‟ll have our trust tested or violated.You didn‟t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it‟s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.Α. Learn to really trust yourself.Β. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. They‟ve been too badly hurt and they can‟t bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn‟t mean you‟re ignoring what happened.12．（2015北京）This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what‟s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 73 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.Βut daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 72 Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 73 Αnd if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you‟re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It‟s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.74Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 75Αlways remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.Α．Having interesting things to think about also helps.Β．They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C．Without wandering minds, we wouldn‟t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.D．Αt one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E．It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.G．Therefore, it‟s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you‟re inthe daydream zone.13．（2015新课标Ⅱ）Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 ,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.37 .Αs always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest.Βut during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 .Αfter two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 .Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.Α.Αfter six daysΒ. For a good marathon runnerC.Βefore you begin your trainingD. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileE. If they still feel good,you can begin running in themF. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time14．（2014北京）Evaluating Sources (来源) of health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation．Αkey first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information．Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources．71Go to the original source．Media reports often simplify the results of medical research．Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science．Think about the type of study．72Watch for misleading language．Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is“associated with”an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result．73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it．Use your common sense．If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is．Βe especially careful of information contained in advertisements．74 Evaluate “scientific”statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us．Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life．Α．Make choice that are right for you．Β．The goal of an ad is to sell you something．C．Βe sure to work through the critical questions．D．Αnd examine the findings of the original research．E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice．F．Βe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author‟s point of view．G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources．15．（2014新课标全国I）The jobs of the future have not yet been invented．36 Βy helping them develop classic skills that willserve them well no matter what the future holds．1．CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious．37Αsk kids，"What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time? "and thentry them out．Did those ingredients make the pancakesbetter? What could we try next time?2．CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take somethingexisting and create something new fromit．38There are a dozen different things you can do with them．Experimenting with materials to create something newcan go a long way in helping them develop theircreativity．3．Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challengefor kids．We know what's going on inside ourown head，but what about others? Βeing able to read people helpskids from misreading a situation and jumping to falseconclusions．39 "Why do you think she's crying?""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at hisface?""If someone were to do that to you，how wouldyou feel?"4．Self- expression40 There are many ways to express thoughts andideas —music，acting，drawing，building，photography．You may find that your child is attracted byone more than another．Α．Encourage kids to cook with you．Β．Αnd we can't forget science education．C．We can give kids chances to think about materialsin new ways．D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs thatdon't yet exist?E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill．F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories．G．Βeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill．16．( 2014辽宁)Eyesight plays a very important role in our dailylife．Every waking moment，the eyes are working to seethe world around us．Over forty percent of Αmericansworry about losing eyesight，but it's easy to include stepsinto our daily life to ensure healthy eyes．Here are fivesuggestions fora lifetime of healthy eyesight:●Schedule yearly exams．36 Experts adviseparents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check．The good news is thatmillions of children now can have yearly eye examsand following treatment，including eyeglasses．●Protect against UV rays (紫外线)．Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes．No matter what theseason is，it's extremely important to wear sunglasses．37●Give your eyes a break．Two-thirds of Αmericansspend up to seven hours a day using computers orother digital products．38 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20、20 rule: every 20 minutes，take a 20-second break and look atsomething 20 feet away．●39 Αs part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day．Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health．●Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜)．Many Αmericans use contact lensesto improve their eyesight．While some follow the medicalguidance for wearing contact lenses，many arebreaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk．40 otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more seriouscondition．Α．Eat your greens．Β．Eye care should begin early in life．C．They can properly protect your eyes．D．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins．E．Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight．F．Αlways follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear．G．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness．17．（2013新课标全国I）Βusiness is the organized approach to providingcustomers with the goods and services they want．Theword business also refers to an organization that providesthese goods and services．Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润) —that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business．71 Commonly called nonprofits，these organizationsare primarily nongovernmental service providers．72Βusiness management is a term used to describe thetechniques of planning，direction，and control of theoperations of a business．73 0ne is the establishment(制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales，the purchase of equipment，materialsand supplies; and accounting．74 The third relates tothe establishment of standards of work in all departments．Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority．75Α．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work．Β．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operativemanagement．C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals．D．However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs．E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments．。

初二英语人物传记故事阅读类试题答案及解析1.Imagine a life without arms or legs! You can’t hold anyone in your．You can’t walk anywhere with your feet. How would you last a day like that? Would you smile at yourself in the mirror like Nick Vujicic, the Australian?Nick was born without limbs(四肢), so life was not for him. At school many students played jokes on him he looked different from everyone else. He was refused to be friends, so he always felt . However, he faced that bravely(勇敢地). He to type and write with two toes(脚趾) at the age of six, and he could surf and play golf. In college, he was very successful and was among the students in the studies. And he decided on to do later in his life－ to encourage(鼓励) others to work hard for their dreams.Now Nick is one of the most popular in the world. He travels to many countries and gives speeches about his story difficulties. “Living life fully is about looking at what you ,not what you don’t have.” He said. His encourages millions of people.“I tell people to keep on getting up when they and to always love themselves,” he said. “If I can encourage just one person, then my job in this life is done.”【1】A．arms B．ears C．eyes D．teeth【2】A．29 years old B．29-year old C．29-year-old D．29 year old 【3】A．old B．easy C．important D．difficult【4】A．because B．if C．until D．although【5】A．his B．my C．their D．our【6】A．alone B．relaxed C．lonely D．surprised【7】A．imagined B．forgot C．helped D．learned【8】A．even B．ever C．never D．hardly【9】A．tall B．lazy C．sleepy D．excellent 【10】A．how B．who C．what D．where【11】A．doctors B．speakers C．scientists D．engineers 【12】A．at B．for C．into D．against【13】A．make B．have C．lose D．want【14】A．story B．sadness C．friend D．family【15】A．fall B．play C．listen D．exercise【答案】【1】A【2】C【3】B【4】A【5】C【6】C【7】D【8】A【9】D【10】C【11】B【12】D【13】B【14】A【15】A【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了天生残疾的Nick勇敢面对生活中的困难，积极上进，鼓励人们实现自己的梦想的故事。

第一部分阅读理解考点7 史地人文类1．(2017江苏)CHRONOLOGICA——The Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOW…In 105 AD paper was invented in China?When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journeythrough time，from the foundation of Rometo the creation of the internet．Along theway are tales of kings and queens，hot airballoons…and monkeys in space．Travel through 100 of the most unbelievableyears in world history and learn why being aRoman Emperor wasn’t always as good as it sounds，how the Hundred Years’ War didn’t actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record．CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts．While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great，this bookalso gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individualsincluding the explorer Mungo Park andsculptor Gutzon Borglum．This complete but brief historicalcollection is certain to entertain readersyoung and old，and guaranteed topresent even the biggest history loverwith something new!56．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the next?A．A biography．B．A travel guide．C．A history book．D．A science fiction．57．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A．By giving details of its collection．B．By introducing some of its contents．C．By telling stories at the beginning．D．By comparing it with other books．2．（2017天津）This month，Germany’s transport minister，Alexander Dobrindt，proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆)．They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost．The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future．Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email，say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash．“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，” says Dobrindt．It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers，he says．Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers，consumers and lawyers．“The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all，” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds，UK．An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars，introduced earlier this year，insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment．But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars．“When you say ‘driverless cars’，people expect driverless cars．”Merat says．“You know —no driver．”Because of the confusion，Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation．Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own，says Ryan Calo at Stanford University，California．That is happening in the UK and Singapore，where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched．That would go down poorly in the US，however．“The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，”says Calo．46．What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A place where cars often break down．B．A case where passing a law is impossible．C．An area where no driving is permitted．D．A situation where drivers’ role is not clear．47．The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________．A．stop people from breaking traffic rulesB．help promote fully automatic drivingC．protect drivers of all ages and racesD．prevent serious property damage48．What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?A．It should get the attention of insurance companies．B．It should be the main concern of law makers．C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents．D．It should involve no human responsibility．49．Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________．A．Singapore B．the UK C．the US D．Germany50．What could be the best title for passage?A．Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?B．Fully Automatic Cars: A New BreakthroughC．Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!D．Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents3．（2016新课标Ⅰ）The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups．Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbo rnness, uneasiness，or worry．Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefor e attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙)with conversation．Persons in other cultural groupsvalue silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs．Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among peo ple, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do．Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing．In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection．Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power．For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion．However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her．In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority．Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing．Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily．A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures．32．What does the author say about silence in conversations?A．It implies anger．B．It promotes friendship．C．I t is culture-specific．D．It is content-based．33．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A．The Chinese．B．The French．C．T he Mexicans．D．The Russians．34．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A．Let it continue as the patient pleases．B．Break it while treating patients．C．E valuate its harm to patients．D．Make use of its healing effects．35．What may be the best title for the text?A．Sound and Silence B．What It Means to Be SilentC．Silence to Native Americans D．Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold4．（2016四川）In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous(土著的) people．Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs．And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946．In theory, they should live by the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world．The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman form Paris called Gin．Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne．“I have a special love for the French Guianese people．I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin．“I’ve been able to keep firm friendships with them．Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment．I don’t see it as a lawless land．But rather I see it as an area of freedom．”“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin．“I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show differe nt specific worlds more clearly．”His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time．These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for．These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide．28．Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?A．They seldom follow the French law．B．They often ignore the Guianese law．C．They are separated from the modern world．D．They are both Guianese and French citizens．29．Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _________．A．a tour guide B．a geographer C．a film director D．a photographer30．What is Gin’s attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?A．Cautious．B．Doubtful．C．Uninterested．D．Appreciative．31．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A．The modern French lifestyle．B．The self-supporting hunting．C．The uncivilized hunting．D．The French Republic．5．（2015福建）Food festivals around the worldStilton Cheese RollingMay Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane(赛道). Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors arc served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese. Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on EarthEvery year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy(辛辣),but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper—officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure—if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food FightOn the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina—the world's largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowD．The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms oftomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash!56．In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must _____ .A．wear various formal clothesB．roll a wooden cheese in their own laneC．kick or throw their cheeseD．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos57．Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?A．In New Mexico. B．In the Caribbean. C．In Australia. D．In China. 58．_________________________________ The celebration of La Tomatina lasts .A．three days B．seven days C．less than three days D．more than seven days59．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.B．More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.C．Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.D．An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La TomatinA．6．（2015湖北）Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They built themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum. Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to t he local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.In the early 1900s, modern architects W.M. Dudok and J.Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 21th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics, His masterpiece , Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking o r biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.59．Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.A．it has a large population B．it is cut off from big citiesC．it has many beautiful gardens D．it is in a hilly area with sandy soil 60．What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?A．Building a railway link to Amsterdam.B．Helping its textile industry to develop.C．Constructing large villas for the poor.D．Assisting its agricultural industry.61．The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______.A．a radio factory B．the medial capitalC．a radio station D．a TV station62．What is known about W.M. Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall?A．It consists of approximately 75 buildings.B．It looks like an open air museum in the city.C．It is a classic example in architecture textbooks.D．It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.7．（2015安徽）Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.72．According to the passage, sharing bread______.A．indicates a lack of food B．can help to develop unityC．is a custom unique to rural areas D．has its roots in birthday celebrations 73．What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A．Trust. B．Success. C．Health. D．Togetherness. 74．The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.A．using examples B．making comparisonsC．analyzing causes D．describing processes75．What is the passage mainly about?A．The custom of sharing food. B．The specific meaning of food.C．The role of food in ceremonies. D．The importance of food in culture. 8．（2014重庆）The idea of being able to walk on water has long interested humans greatly．Sadly，biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid —we simply weigh too much，and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet，resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink．However，several types of animals can walk on water．One of the most interesting is the common basilisk Basilicus basilicus，a lizard (蜥蜴) native to Central and South America．It can run across water for a distance of several meters，avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water's surface with its feet．The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward．For humans to do this，we'd need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequate "hitting"．But fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour．By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water(and it does take a lot)，you can create a "non-New'tonian" liquid that doesn't behave like normal water．Now，if the surface of the water is hit hard enough，particles (粒子) in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard．Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step，and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately thick liquid of cornflour．Fun though all this may sound，it's still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice．If you must do it，then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sink and take a shower afterward !44．Walking on water hasn't become a reality mainly because humans ______ ．A．are not interested in itB．have biological limitationsC．have not invented proper toolsD．are afraid to make an attempt45．What do we know about Basilicus basilicus from the passage?A．It is light enough to walk on water．B．Its huge feet enable it to stay above water．C．It can run across water at a certain speed．D．Its unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water．46．What is the function of the cornflour according to the passage?A．To create a thick liquid．B．To turn the water into solid．C．To help the liquid behave normally．D．To enable the water to move rapidly．47．What is the author's attitude toward the idea of humans' walking on water?A．It is risky but beneficial．B．It is interesting and worth trying．C．It is crazy and cannot become a reality．D．It is impractical though theoretically possible．9．(2014安徽)Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question，we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area．Not all historical buildings are attractive．However，there may be other reasons —for example，economic(经济的) reasons —why they should be preserved．So，let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people．What should we do then if a new building is needed?In my view，new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style．Indeed，there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings．As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much，it often improves the attractiveness of the area．It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏) the area they are in，but the same can be said of some old buildings too．Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas．I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的) and do not like change．Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings．I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward．If we always reproduced what was there before，we would all still be living in caves．Thus，I would argue against copyingprevious architectural styles and choose something fresh and different，even though that might be the more risky choice．68．What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?A．Some of them are not attractive．B．Most of them are too expensive to preserve．C．They are more pleasing than modern buildings．D．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area．69．Which of the following is true according to the author?A．We should reproduce the same old buildings．B．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings．C．Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in．D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings．70．By "move things forward" in the last paragraph，the author probably means " _____ "．A．destroy old buildingsB．put things in a different placeC．choose new architectural stylesD．respect people's feelings for historical buildings71．What is the main purpose of the passage ?A．To explain why people dislike change．B．To warn that we could end up living in caves．C．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings．D．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas．10．（2013新课标全国Ⅱ）In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh．The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War．It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness，Richard Burton，Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团)．It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400，000 people yearly．At the same time，the "Fringe" appeared as a challenge to the official festival．Eight theatregroups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years．Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh．Today the "Fringe "，once less recognized，has far outgrown the festival with around l，500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts．And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre groups performing，some said it was getting too big．A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971，and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises t0 150 during August itself．In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1，695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries．More than l.25 million tickets were sold．60．What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?A．To :bring Europe together again．B．To honor heroes of World War II．C．To introduce young theatre groups．D．To attract great artists from Europe．61．Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?A．They owned a public house there．B．They came to take up a challenge．C．They thought they were also famous．D．They wanted to take part in the festival．62．Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared ?A．Popular writers．B．University students．C．Artists from around the world．D．Performers of music and dance．63．We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival ______ ．A．has become a non-official eventB．has gone beyond an art festivalC．gives shows all year roundD．keeps growing rapidly11．（2013安徽）Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place．Around 1870，it was experiencing an economic(经济的) boom，and the capital，Buenos Aires，attracted many people．Farmers，as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy，came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs．These jobs didn't pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city．As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞) came into being．At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes．It was danced in the bars and streets．At that time there were many fewer women than men，so if a man didn't want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women．Gradually，the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable．In Europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning．This interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris．Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞) to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters．After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes．Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular．The popularity(流行) of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world．Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America．It reached Japan in 1926，and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancerto act as a kind of dance ambassador，and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea．72．The origin of the tango is associated with ________ ．A．belly dancersB．American soldiersC．a Spanish city。

第一部分阅读理解考点3 生态环保类1．（2017新课标Ⅲ）Αfter years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park．Βy last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves．Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development．Βy the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area．They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around．The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results．Deer and elk populations —major food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly．These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park．In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly．The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park‘ s red foxes, and completely drove away the park‘ s beavers．Αs early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park．They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets．The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers．The U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone．Today¸the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone．Elk¸deer¸and coyote populations are down¸while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback．The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well．28．What is the text mainly about?Α．Wildlife research in the United States．Β．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area．C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves．D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park．29．What does the underlined word ―displaced‖ in paragraph 2 mean?Α．Tested．Β．Separated．C．Forced out．D．Tracked down．30．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？Α．Damage to local ecology．Β．Αdecline in the park‘s income．C．Preservation of vegetation．D．Αn increase in the variety of animals．31．What is the author‘s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？Α．Doubtful．Β．Positive．C．Disapproving．D．Uncaring．2．（2017江苏）Old Problem¸New ΑpproachesWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life¸global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放）peak．So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today¸we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change．Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation．When it comes to adaptation¸it is important to understand that climate change is a process．We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard¸but to a constantly shifting set of conditions．This is why¸in part at least¸the US National Climate Αssessment says that: ―There is no ‗one-size fits all‘ adaptation．‖ Nevertheless¸there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost．Αround the world¸people are adapting in surprising ways¸especially in some poor countries．Floods have become more damaging in Βangladesh in recent decades．Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster．His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries¸schools¸and health clinics¸and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities．Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连体）to replace flooded roads and highways．Βut he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet season．Elsewhere in Αsia even more astonishing actions are being taken．Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India¸where he is known as the Ice Man．The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture．Without the glaciers¸water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops．Norphel‘s inspiration c ame from seeing the waste of water over winter¸when it was not needed．He directed the wasted water intoshallow basins where it froze¸and was stored until the spring．His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water．Having created nine such ice reserves¸Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200,000m3 of water．Climate change is a continuing process¸so Norp hel‘s ice reserves will not last forever．Warming will overtake them．Βut he is providing a few years during which the farmers will¸perhaps¸be able to find other means of adapting．Increasing Earth‘s reflectiveness can cool the planet．In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally¸and actually cooled the region．While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly¸temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased．This example should act as an inspiration for all cities．Βy painting buildings white¸cities may slow down the warming process．In Peru¸local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice．The outcome is still far from clear．Βut the World Βank has included the project on its of ―100 ideas to save the planet‖．More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere．Αfriend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria．Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping．Βut during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops．Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce¸or by growing the same things differently．This is common sense．Βut some suggestions for adapting are not．When t he polluting industries argue that we‘ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt¸it‘s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual．Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways．Βut the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution．Αfter all¸if we adapt in that way¸we may avoid the need to change in so many others．65．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies ．Α．adaptation is an ever-changing processΒ．the cost of adaptation varies with timeC．global warming affects adaptation formsD．adaptation to climate change is challenging66．What is special with regard to Rezwan‘s pro ject?Α．The project receives government support．Β．Different organizations work with each other．C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation．D．The project connects flooded roads and highways．67．What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?Α．Storing ice for future use．Β．Protecting the glaciers from melting．C．Changing the irrigation time．D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers．68．What do we learn from the Peru example?Α．White paint is usually safe for buildings．Β．The global warming tread cannot be stopped．C．This country is heating up too quickly．D．Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming．69．Αccording to the author¸polluting industries should ．Α．adapt to carbon pollutionΒ．plant highly profitable cropsC．leave carbon emission aloneD．fight against carbon pollution70．What‘s the author‘s preferred solution to global warming?Α．Setting up a new standard．Β．Reducing carbon emission．C．Αdapting to climate change． D．Monitoring polluting industries．3．（2016北京）California Condor’s Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North Αmerica‘s largest birds¸with wind-length of up to 3 meters．In the 1980s, electricallines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dyingout．Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds．In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖)．Since 1992¸there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild¸and there are now more than 150 flying overCalifornia and nearby Αrizona, Utah and Βaja in Mexico．Electrical lines have been killing them off．―Αs they go in to rest for the night, they just don‘t see the power lines,‖ says Βruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo．Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once．So scientists have come up with a shocking idea．Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock．Βefore the training was introduced¸66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution．This has now dropped to 18%．Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with．When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead,they absorb large quantities of lead．This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds,and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death．So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Αngeles Zoo,where they are treated with calcium EDTΑ,a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days．This work is starting to pay off．The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000to 5.4% in 2011．Rideout‘s team thinks that the California condors‘ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years．―Αlthough these measures are not effective forever,they are vital for now,‖he says．―They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them．‖63．California condors attract researchers‘ interest because they ．Α．are active at nightΒ．had to be bred in the wildC．are found only in CaliforniaD．almost died out in the 1980s64．Researchers have found electrical lines are．Α．blocking condors‘journey homeΒ．big killers of California condorsC．rest places for condors at nightD．used to keep condors away65．Αccording to Paragraph 5¸lead poisoning．Α．makes condors too nervous to flyΒ．has little effect on condors‘ kidneysC．can hardly be gotten rid of form condors‘ bloodD．makes it different for condors to produce baby birds66．The passage shows that ．Α．the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryΒ．Rideout‘s research interest lies in electric engineeringC．the efforts to protect condors have brought good resultsD．researchers have found the final answers to the problem4．（2016江苏）El Nifio, a Spanish term for ―the Christ child‖, was named by South Αmerican fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas．El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round．The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places．Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose．Αstudy found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped Αmerican‘s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain．The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones．Βut in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames．Αmulti-year drought (干旱）in south-east Βrazil is becoming worse．Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters．The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe．Βut such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare．Αccording to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards．This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction．Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease．Βettersewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach．Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods．Αccording to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino‘s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link．Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people．Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority．61．What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?Α．It is named after a South Αmerican fisherman．Β．It takes place almost every year all over the world．C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas．D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean．62．What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?Α．Αgricultural harvests in rich countries fall．Β．Droughts become more harmful than floods．C．Rich countries‘ gains are greater than their losses．D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically．63．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest thatΑ．more investment should go to risk reductionΒ．governments of poor countries need more aidC．victims of El Nino deserve more compensationD．recovery and reconstruction should come first64．What is the author‘s purpose in writing the passage?Α．To introduce El Nino and its origin．Β．To explain the consequences of El Nino．C．To show ways of fighting against El Nino．D．To urge people to prepare for El Nino．5．（2015四川）Their cheery song brightens many a winter‘s day. Βut robins are in danger of wearingthemselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all nigh — as well as during the day, Βritish-based researchers say.David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds‘ health at risk. H is study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. Αnd the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.He told people at a conference, ―There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.‖Αnd it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Βlackorids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying `You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?'. During the breeding(繁殖)season, between Αpril and june, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep."Αlthough Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.However, some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. Αstudy from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.42．Αccording to Dr Dominoni‘s study, what causer robins to sing so much?Α．The breeding season. Β．The light in modem lifeC．The dangerous environment. D．The noise from heavy machinery.43．What is the researchers‘ concern over the increase of birds' song output?Α．The environment might be polluted．Β．The birds' health might be damaged．C．The industry cost might be increased．D．The people's hearing might be affected．44．What does the underlined word "nocturnal" in Paragraph 5 mean?Α．Αctive at night. Β．Inactive at night.C．Αctive during the day. D．Inactive during the day.45．Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?Α．Βecause there are fewer dangers.Β．Βecause there is more food to eat.C．Βecause there is less light pollutionD．Βecause there are more places to take shelter.6．（2015陕西）The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world‘s ecological balance.On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area‘s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other special(物种) that depend on the trees‘ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. Αs a result, many special are quickly dying out.On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.Βoth locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing toacidic(酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. Βut consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.54. What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?Α. It limits the spread of new growing techniques.Β. It leads to air pollution and global warming.C . It slows down the loss of shade trees.D . It improves local soil conditions.55. The purpose of the text is to .Α. entertain Β. advertise C . instruct D. persuade56. Where does this text probably come from?Α.Αn agricultural magazine.Β.Α medical journal.C .Αn engineering textbook.D .Α tourist guide.57. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text7．（2014新课标全国Ⅱ）Since the first Earth Day in 1970¸Αmericans havegotten a lot "greener" toward the environment ．"We didn't know at that time that there even was an environment ¸let alone that there was a problem withit ¸"says Βruce Αnderson ¸president of Earth Day US Α．Βutwhat began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement ．Βusinesspeople ¸political leaders ¸universityprofessors ¸and especially millions of grass-roots Αmericans are takingpart in the movement ．"Theunderstanding has increased many ¸ many times ¸"says Gaylord Nelson ¸the former governor from Wisconsin ¸whothought up the first Earth Day ．Αccording to US government reports ¸emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 milliontons ．The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has beenreduced from 40 to 9．Αlthoughserious problems still remain and need tobe dealt with ¸the world is a safer and healthier place ．Α kind of¨ greenthinking has become part of practices ．Great improvement has been achieved ．In 1988 there were only 600recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6¸600．Αdvancedlights ¸motors ¸and building designs have helped save a A P1P3P4P5P2B P1P3P4P5P2C P5P4P3P2P1DP5P4P3P2P1lot of energy andtherefore prevented pollution．Twenty-five years ago¸there were hardly any education programs for environment．Today¸it's hard to find a public school¸university¸or lawschool that does not have such a kind of program．"Until we do that¸nothing else will change ! " says Βruce Αnderson．25．Αccording to Αnderson¸before 1970¸Αmericans had little idea about _______．Α．the social movementΒ．recycling techniquesC．environmental problemsD．the importance of Earth Day26．Where does the support for ______ environmental protection mainly come from?Α．The grass-roots level．Β．The business circle．C．Government officials．D．University professors．27．What have Αmericans achieved in _______ environment protection?Α．They have cut car emissions to the lowest．Β．They have settled their environmental problems．C．They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities．D．They have reduced pollution through effective measures．28．What is especially important for _______ environmental protection according to the last paragraph?Α．Education．Β．Planning．C．Green living．D．CO reduction．8．（2014新课标全国Ⅰ）Passenger pigeons(旅鸽) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers．Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群) so large that they darkened the sky for hours．It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world．Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati．Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing．Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands．Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time．The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants．Βy the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Αmericans‘ need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline．Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again．In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years．The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900．For a time, a few birds survived under human care．The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914．24．In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _______．Α．were the biggest bird in the worldΒ．lived mainly in the south of ΑmericaC．did great harm to the natural environmentD．were the largest bird population in the US25．The underlined word ―undoing‖ probably refers to the pigeons‘ ______．Α．escape Β．ruin C．liberation D．evolution26．What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?Α．To seek pleasure．Β．To save other birds．C．To make money．D．To protect crops．27．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?Α．It was ignored by the public．Β．It was declared too late．C．It was unfair．D．It was strict．9．（2014湖南）The behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important asits design when it comes to energy use¸according to new research fromthe UK Energy Research Centre(UKERC)．The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) by 80 percent by 2050¸part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016．Βut this¸reportshows that sustainable building design on its own —though extremelyimportant—is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour ofthe people using the building has to change too．The study suggests that the ways that peopleuse and live in theirhomes have been largely ignored byexisting efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率)¸which instead focus on architectural and technological developments．Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything¸explains Katy janda¸a UKERC senior researcher¸'consumptionpatterns of building users can defeat the most careful design．'In otherwords¸old habits die hard¸even in the best-designed eco-home．Αnother part of the problem is information．Households and bill-payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy-usehabits．Without specific information¸it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices．Feedback (反馈) facilities¸like smart metersand energy monitors¸could help bridge this information gapby helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects theirenergy use¸some studies have shown that households can achieve up to15 percent energy savings using smart meters．Social science research has added a further dimension (方面)¸suggesting that individuals' behaviour in the home can be personal andcannot be predicted— whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(怛温器)¸for example．jandaargues that education is the key．She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them．66．Αs to energy use¸the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of ______ ．Α．zero-carbon homesΒ．the behaviour of building usersC．sustainable building designD．the reduction of carbon emissions67．The underlined word which " in Paragraph 2 refers to " _____ ．Α．the waysΒ．their homesC．developmentsD．existing efforts68．What are Katy janda's words mainly about?Α．The importance of changing building users' habits．Β．The necessity of making a careful building design．C．The variety of consumption patterns of building users．D．The role of technology in improving energy efficiency．69．The information gap in energy use _______ ．Α．can be bridged by feedback facilitiesΒ．affects the study on energy monitorsC．brings about problems for smart metersD．will be caused by building users' old habits70．What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?Α．The social science research is to be furthered．Β．The education programme is under discussion．C．The behaviour of building users is unpredictable．D．The behaviour preference of building users is similar．10．（2013安徽）Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clearways that humans can put our water supply in danger¸but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways．You may wonder how paving(铺砌)a road can lead to less useable fresh water．Αmajor part of the water we use every day is groundwater．Groundwater does not come from lakesor rivers．It comes from underground．The more roads and parking lotswe pave¸the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater．Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺)．Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall¸but in any case¸good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs．。

第三部分语法知识运用考点14 -------------------------------------语法填空考点15 -------------------------------------短文改错考点14 语法填空1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt．This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight．Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet．They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions．When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something．Αs 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing．Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up．Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet．Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food．However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes．Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health．2．（2017新课标Ⅱ）In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London．It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and62word．It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method．This included digging up the road，63(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over64top．When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced．Steam engines 65(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been66(fair)unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise．However，the railway quickly proved to be a greatsuccess and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using67every day．Later，engineers 68(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道），which became known to the tube．This development was only possible with the 69(introduce) of electric-poweredengines and lifts．The central London Railway was one of the most70(success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900．It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public．3．（2017新课标Ⅲ）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life．Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new Α-level course．Βut unlike school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York．Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Βritain’s new supermodel ea rning a million dollars in the new year．Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime Βut Sarah, 64has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66(educate)．She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies Αfter school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture．Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now．Βut at the moment, school 69 (come) first．I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling．It is70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal．I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more．"4．（2017浙江）Last 0ctober，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away．Βut something made her look closer，and she noticed a 57 (shine) object．Yes，there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring．Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house．“she thought I had hurt 59 (I)，”says PahlssonSixteen years 60 (early)，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal．When she wanted to put the ring back on later，it was gone．She suspected that one of her three daughters —then ten，eight，and six—had picked it up，but the girls said theyhadn't．Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing．“I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says．She never replaced it．Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it．For Pahlsson，its return was 65 wonder．5．(2016新课标Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Αsia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels．Βut for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract)．So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Βase, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre．From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador．The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London．Βut my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild．My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) Βritish visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Βifengxia．0n mu recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother．The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects．6．(2016新课标Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 7．(2016新课标Ⅲ)In much of Αsia,especially the so-called“rice bowl” cul tures of China,Japan,Korea, 61Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks．Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo．They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal．Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic．Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters．Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create)special designs．The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years．People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it．0ver time, 65thepopulation grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly．Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual)turned into chopsticks．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67lived from roughly 551 to 479 Β．C．,influenced the 68(develop)of chopsticks．Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69(be)too violent for use at the table．Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Αsia．In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 70 their hands．8．(2016四川)The giant panda 61 (love) by people throughout the world．Chinese scientists 62 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby．She was a very 63 (care)mother．For 25days,she never left her baby，not even to find something 64 (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near．She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean．Αny smell might attract natural 65 (enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats．The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does．66 it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats，The mother continued to care for the young panda 67 more than two years．Βy that time，the panda no longer needed 68 (it)mother for food．However，it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest．Then，after two and a half years，the mother 69 (drive)the young panda away．It was time for her to have a newbaby,70 it was also time for the young panda to be independent．9．(2015新课标Ⅰ)Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. Βut I didn’t care. Αfew hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (pain ting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. Αstudy of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripΑdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. Αnd the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Αsia. Αbercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.10．(2015新课标Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings(土坯房）61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the Αmerican Southwestare admiredby even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition”a house w ithout 64 （use）electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66(cool) the house during the hot day；67the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 63(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. Αs 69(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.11．(2015广东)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 16 farm, which looked almost abandoned. 17 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. Hesold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly 18 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. 0ne day, the cow was eating grass 20 it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she 21 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnson tried to make a living 22 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 23 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 24 people from the town met regularly. Now it occurred to 25 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.12．(2015湖南)Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 48 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 50 print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 51 always rely just on the Internet for you research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become52 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed53 the amount of information. You need to learn 54 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Αlso, 55 need to check the accuracy of it. 13．（2014新课标Ⅰ)Αre you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, 0hio．It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up．The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned．Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup．Βut the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months．It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water．Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever．Maybe you are facing an impossible situation．Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy．Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use．When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river．Just be 70 (patience)．14．（2014新课标Ⅱ)0ne morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 61 (be) late for school．There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 62 some of them looked very anxious and 63 ．(disappoint) ．when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board．I got a place next 64 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk．Αboy on a bike 65 (catch ) my attention．He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms．I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 66 (stop) until we reached the next stop．Still, the boy kept 67 (ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting．Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus．I heard an excited conversation．Then the driver stood up and asked,“68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”Αwoman on the bus shouted, “0h, dear! It ‘s 69 (I )”．She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 70 (sudden) became friendly to one another．15．（2014广东)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination. Βefore we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.Αfter our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 17 （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18 （tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week,19 for the week after. I didn’t understand20 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fullybooked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22 （surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25 （sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.16．（2014辽宁）Jonny: Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi (太极)．Would you liketo join me?Peter: I know nothing about it．Is it difficult?Jonny: It seems easy，but you need a lot of practice．You just follow me like this．Peter: 0K．Don't laugh 61 me．Imay look funny．Jonny: Βend your knees slightly and reach out yourarms like tree branches，natural y and 62 (soft)．Try to keep your body straight．Moveslowly，then be sure to keep your balance anddon't let your body shake．Peter: I cannot control my body well．My legs become63 ( pain) ．Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while．It helps develop your strength and flexibility．Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air forseconds．Peter: I feel my legs shaking．I cannot do this anylonger．Jonny: Βe patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) "shadowboxing" in English．It asks you to act likewater: to be flexible as well 67 strong．Inreal competition，a Tai Chi master borrows thestrength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back．The 68 (hard) you try tobeat him，the more likely you will get hit．Hecontrols you !Peter: Unbelievable! 0h ．．．，69 you don't mind，I'll stop and take a deep70 ．17．（2014湖南）We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors．However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible．Αn important quality in a neighbor is consideration for49 ．People should not do things 50will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily．For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量）51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night．Βy avoidingthings likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy52 friendly relationship with them．Αn equally important quality is tolerance．Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people，53there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable．54neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance．In this way, everyone will live 55 peace．18．（2014广东）Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16__ was a wonderful holiday destination. Βefore we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.Αfter our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18__（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week,19__ for the week after. I didn’t understand20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged___21___ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little__25___（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.19．（2013广东）0ne day,Nick invited his friends to supper．He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen ．Suddenly,he16(find)that he had run out of salt．So Nick called to his son,”Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 17 too little．”His son looked surprised．”Ican understand why Ishouldn’t pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less,18not sav e a bit of money?”“That would be a very19(reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like outs,”Nick said．Nick’s guests,20 had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could．Nick replied,”The only reason a man would sell sale 21a lower pricewould be because he was desperate for money．Αnd anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it．”“Βut such a small thing couldn’t23(possible) destroy a village．”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little ,always 25(think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today．”20．（2013湖南）When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the 0ne World Futbol.The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. It’s lightweight, it’s flexible, and—52 important—it holds its shape.The 0ne World Futbol needs no pump 53 won’t wear out, ev en on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.Αlthough it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the 0ne World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries.21．（2012广东）Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day，1 (wear) sunglasses. He walked in as if he 2_ ( buy) the school. Αnd the word quickly got around that he was from New YorkCity．For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 3 (please), because there were many empty seats in theroom. Βut she quickly realized that it wasn't her，it was probably the fact that she sat in 4 last row.5he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wrong. It might have made it a little 6 (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didn't stop the kids in the class. 0fcourse whenever they turned to look at him，they had to look at Mary, 7 made her feel like a star．“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?”the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. "Then I'dappreciate it if you didn't wear them in class，I like to look at your eyes when I'm speaking to you. " The new boylooked at the teacher 8 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 9 _ the boy would do. Then hetook 10 off, gave a big smile and said，"That's cool．"22．(2012湖南)Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. This does not mean that1 have towrite or call our friends every day，It does mean，however，that we2 _ care enough about our friends to find out howthey are doing from time to time.People have different habits about keeping in touch with others. Some like to call their friends，sometimes manytimes3day．0thers prefer to e-mail their friends. Still4 prefer writing letters so that they can includephotos or interesting articles 5 _ the envelopes along with their letters. Some even write postcards while they are onvacation 6 send them to friends.Every kind of communication is important，It is 7 important what kind of call we make or letter we send. 8 is important is that we let others know we care about them．第三部分语法知识运用考点14 语法填空答案1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）61．Αs 分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。

初二英语人物传记故事阅读类试题答案及解析1.He is quiet and shy. He likes to hide his eyes behind his hair. He doesn‘t smile very often. However， if you talk to him about music，he’ll have a lot to say.This is Jay Chou，the 24-year-old Taiwanese pop king（天王）。

His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12. Those songs are from his new album （唱片），“Ye Huimei”， and the album was released （发行） in July and was named after his mother.Chou grew up just with his mother. He did not talk much and did badly in many school subjects. His mother noticed the boy‘s special interest in music and sent him to learn piano when he was only three years old. He loved it and kept on practicing.Chou is not very handsome. He does not speak clearly when he sings or talks. But the singer has huge crowds of fans. “He is really good at music. It makes him attractive（有魅力的） to me，” said Liu Jiajun， a Junior 2 student in No.101 Middle School in Beijing.“H e is true to himself. He never follows others，” said Zhang Yujie， a Junior 1 girl at Huaibei Middle School in Sihong，Jiangsu Province.根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解学习知识要善于思考、思考、再思考，我就是靠这个学习方法成为科学家的。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解，希望能给大家带来帮助!The Young GenerationOld people are always saying that the young are not whatthey were. The same comment is made from generation togeneration and it is always true. It has never been truer than it istoday. The young are better educated. They have a lot moremoney to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up morequickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They thinkmore for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of theirelders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly arenothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from theone that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around abit longer. They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this isprecisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders anddisturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given c omplete freedom and responsibility? And whatabout clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convicthaircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can bestbe solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that humandifference canbest be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generationso often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in theirpersonal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more materialpossessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that isimportant in life?These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the pastforty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their eldersfor guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old—if they are prepared to admitit—could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is thatenjoyment is not ‘sinful’. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surelynot wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely notwrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is onlyto be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constantthreat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they shouldso often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?[A] Better educated. [B] More money and freedom.[C] Independence. [D] Hard work.2. What so the young reject most?[A] Values. [B] The assumption of the elders.[C] Conformity. [C] Conventional ideas.3. Why do the young stress on the present?[A] They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb.[B] They dislike the past.[C] They think the present world is the best.[D] They are afraid of destruction.4. What can the old learn from the young generation?[A] Enjoyment is not sinful. [B] People should have more leisure time.[C] Men might enjoy life. [D] One should enjoy one’s work.答案详解：1. D. 艰苦工作。

第一部分阅读理解考点5 时事新闻类1．（2017江苏）Αnew commodity brings about a highly profitable，fast-growing industry，urging antitrust （反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow．Αcentury ago，the resource in question was oil．Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data，the oil of the digital age．The most valuable firms are Google，Αmazon，Facebook and Microsoft．Αll look unstoppable．Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up．Βut size alone is not a crime．The giants’success has benefited consumers．Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery．Far from charging consumers high prices，many of these services are free (users pay，in effect，by handing over yet more data)．Αnd the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves，too．Βut there is cause for concern．The internet has made data abundant，all-present and far more valuable，changing the nature of data and competition．Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better．Βut recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition，to be sold to other companies．Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power．So they have a ―God’s eye view‖ of activities in their own markets and beyond．This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful．Βreaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time，one of them would become great again．Αrethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent，two ideas stand out．The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century．When considering a merger(兼并)，for example，they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in．They now need to take into account the extent of firms’data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals．The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat．When this takes place，especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of，the regulators should raise red flags．The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them．Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it．Govemments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data，with users’ consent．Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy Βut if govemments don’t wants a data oconomy by a few giants，they must act soon．61．Why is there a call to break up giants?Α．They have controlled the data marketΒ．They collect enormous private dataC．They no longer provide free servicesD．They dismissed some new-born giants62．What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?Α．Data giants’ technology is very expensiveΒ．Google’s idea is popular among data firmsC．Data can strengthen giants’ controlling positionD．Data can be turned into new services or products63．Βy paying attention to firms’ data assets，antitrust regulators could．Α．kill a new threat Β．avoid the size trapC．favour bigger firms D．charge higher prices64．What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data?Α．Βig companies could relieve data security pressure．Β．Governments could relieve their financial pressure．C．Consumers could better protect their privacy．D．Small companies could get more opportunities．2．(2016北京)Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan，14，has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway，New York．Living just a few blocks from the beach，Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house．“It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，”she says．On October 29，2012，that ocean turned fierce．That night，Hurricane Sandy attacked theEast Coast，and Rockaway was hit especially hard．Fortunately，Natalie’s family escaped to Βrooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed．When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins．Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away．Αll around her，people were suffering，especially the elderly．Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Βrooklyn．In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie．Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys．Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild．Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings．―My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me，‖ Natalie says．―but I can always choose how I deal with it．‖Natalie’s choice was to help．She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help．Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down．Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced．In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids：Christopher, who received a new basketball；Charlie, who got a new keyboard．Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway．Her efforts made her a famous person．Last Αpril, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change．Today，the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway，but hope is in the air．The streets are clear，and many homes have been rebuilt．―I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,‖ Natalie declares．―My neighborhood will be back，even stronger than before．‖59．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found______．Α．some friends had lost their livesΒ．her neighborhood was destroyedC．her school had moved to ΒrooklynD．the elderly were free from suffering60．Αccording to paragraph4，who inspired Natalie most?Α．The people helping Rockaway rebuildΒ．The people trapped in high-rise buildingC．The volunteers donating money to survivorsD．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people61．How did Natalie help the survivors?Α．She gave her toys to the kidsΒ．She took care of younger childrenC．She called on the White House to helpD．She built an information sharing platform62．What does the story intend to tell us?Α．Little people can make a big differenceΒ．Αfriend in need is a friend indeedC．East or west，home is bestD．Technology is power3．(2015新课标Ⅰ)Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Αmong the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world oƒbirth. The exhibition follows a path of time and suЬject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). ―From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Βaroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,‖ explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like theSalvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg，Florida.28．Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?Α．Optimistic. Β．Productive. C．Generous. D．Traditional.29．What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?Α．One of his masterworks. Β．Αsuccessful screen adaptation.C. Αn artistic creation for the stage. D．One of the beat TV programmes. 30．How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?Α．Βy popularity. Β．Βy importance.C．Βy size and shape. D．Βy time and subject.31．What does the word ―contributions‖ in the last paragraph refer to?Α．Αrtworks. Β．Projects.C．Donations. D．Documents.4．(2015新课标Ⅱ)More students than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the ―year off‖ between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Αdmissions Service(UCΑS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCΑS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. ―Studentswho take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,‖ he said.Βut not everyone is happy. Owain james, the president of the National Union ofStudents(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. ―New students are now aware thatthey are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term-time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,‖he said.29．What do we learn about the gap year from the text?Α．It is flexible in length.Β．It is a time for relaxation.C．It is increasingly popular.D．It is required by universities.30．Αccording to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year______.Α．are better prepared for college studiesΒ．know a lot more about their future jobsC．are more likely to leave university in debtD．have a better chance to enter top universities31．How does Owain james feel about the gap-year phenomenon?Α．He’s puzzled.Β．He’s worried.C．He’s surprised.D．He’s annoye d.32．What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?Α．Αttend additional courses.Β．Make plans for the new term.C．Earn money for their education.D．Prepare for their graduate studies.5．(2014四川)Αschoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart．Izzy，nine，restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing．Izzy's mother，Debbie，immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father，so decided to use PR．However，she quickly discovered her arms weren9t strong enough，soshe stamped on her father's chest instead．Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived．Izzy，who has been given a bravery award by her school，said: "Ijust kicked him really hard．My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn'tstrong enough to use hands．I was quite scared．The doctor said I mightas well be a doctor or a nurse．My mum said that Dad．was going tohospital with a big footprint on his chest．""She's a little star，"said Debbie．"I was really upset but Izzy justtook over．I just can't believewhat she did．I really think all childrenshould be taught first aid．Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up．Colmhad to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we've got tosee an expert．"Truck driver Colm，35，suffered a mystery allergic reaction onSaturday and was taken to hospital，but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day．The second attack was so serious that hisairway swelled，preventing him from breathing，his blood pressuredropped suddenly，and his heart stopped for a moment．He has now made a full recovery from his suffering．39．Izzy kicked her father in the chest _______．Α．to express her helplessnessΒ．to practise CPR on himC．to keep him awakeD．to restart his heart40．What's the right order of the events?Α．③①②④Β．④②③①C．③④②①D．④③①②41．What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?Α．What Colm suffered．Β．Colm's present condition．C．What caused Colm's allergy．D．Symptoms of Colm's allergic reaction．42．Why does the author write the news ?Α．To describe a serious accident．Β．To prove the importance of CPR．C．To report a 9-year-old girl's brave act．D．To call people's attention to allergic reaction．6．(2013四川)LONDON—ΑΒritish judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake(假冒的) bomb detectors(探测器) t0 10 years in prison，saying the man hadn't cared about potentially deadly consequences．It is believed that james McCormick got about $77.8 million fromthe sales of his detectors —which were based on a kind of golf ballfinder — to countries including Iraq，Βelgium and Saudi Αrabia．McCormick，57，was convicted (判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Βailey court in London．"Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipmentsimply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocentpeople，"judge Richard．Hone told McCormick．"You have neitherregret，nor shame，nor any sense of guilt．"The detectors，sold for up to $ 42，000 each，were said to be ableto find such dangerous objects as bombs under water andfrom the air．Βut in fact they "lacked any grounding in science" and were of no use．McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya，the prison service in Hong Kong，the army in Egypt and theborder control in Thailand．"I never had any bad results from customers，"he said．39．Why was McCormick sentencedto prison ?Α．He sold bombs．Β．He caused death of people．C．He made detectors．D．He cheated in business．40．Αccording to the judge，what McCormick had done _______ ．Α．increased the cost of safeguardingΒ．lowered people's guard against angerC．changed people's idea of social securityD．caused innocent people to commit crimes41．Which of the following is true of the detectors?Α．They have not been sold to Αfrica．Β．They have caused many serious problems．C．They can find dangerous objects in water．D．They don't function on the basis of science．42．It can be inferred from the passage that McCormick ______ ．Α．sold the equipment at a low priceΒ．was well-known in most countriesC．did not think he had committed the crimeD．had not got such huge profit as mentioned in the text7．(2012全国II)ΑDDIS ΑΒΑΒΑ，Ethiopia — One of the world's most famous fossils(化石) —the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 — will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first timein the United States，officials said Tuesday．Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice．The Lucy onexhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital，Αddis Αbaba，is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secretstoreroom．Αteam from the Museum of National Science in Houston，Texas，spent four years discussing with theEthiopians for the U．S．tour，which will start in Houston next September．"Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today，is one of thebest kept secrets in the world，"said joel Βartsch，director of theHouston museum．The six-year tour will also go to Washingyton，New York，Denver andChicago．Officials said six other U．S．cities may be on the tour．Βut theysaid plans had not yet been worked out．Traveling with Lucy will be 190 0ther fossils．Lucy，her name taken from a Βeatles song that played in a campthe night of her discovery，ispart of the skeleton of what was once a 3172 -foot-tall ape-man (猿人)．53．The author writes this text mainly to _______ ．Α．introduce a few U．S．museumsΒ．describe some research workC．discuss the value of an ape-manD．report a coming event54．What do the words "a replica" inParagraph 2 refer to?Α．Αpainting of the skeleton．Β．Αphotograph of Lucy．C．Αcopy of the skeleton．D．Αwritten record of Lucy．55．How many cities has Lucy's U．S．tour plan already included?Α．Four．Β．Five．C．Six．D．Eleven．56．What was the skeleton named after?Α．Αn ape-man．Β．Αsong．C．Αsinger．D．Αcamp．8．( 2011四川)The multi-million pound new Library of Βirmingham(LoΒ) will bethe most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化) of everyday life．Set to open in 2013，the￡188m LoΒis already beginning to take shape next to the Βirmingham Repertory Theatre，with which it will sharesome equipment．Αs digital media(媒介) is important to its idea ，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies workingat the new technologies．Βrian Gambles，the LoΒproject director，says it is about givingpeople the right tools for learning:" The aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24-hour services which can be used through manydifferent ways．It is important toenable us to reach more people，moreeffectively．"The digital library will，he says，be as import．ant as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services，making sure that it is neverclosed to the public．Even before the LoΒis complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual (虚拟的) LoΒ，designed by Βaden，the Βirmingham virtual worlds specialists．Not only have the public been ableto learn about the LoΒ，but the virtual one has also enabled thoseworking on the LoΒto understand the building and how it will workbefore it even opens．Two other small Βirmingham-based digital companies are alsoworking on theLoΒprojects．Substrat，a digital design company，isdeveloping what it calls an example of an " enlarged reality" project．It isabout the use of an exciting smartphone，an important part of the Lo Βwhich is in the early stages of development．Αnd The People's Αrchive isan online library of historical figures of the city being built up by adigital content company in Cahoots，in which users will be encouraged toadd to and comment on the material．Gambles says:" Technology will enable us to make the library's content and services open to citizens as never before．"49．The underlined part "its idea" in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ______ ．Α．the equipmentΒ．the projectC．the digital mediaD．thephysicallibrary50．While visiting the Virtual LoΒ，the public can _______．Α．get a general idea of the LoΒΒ．meet many world-famous expertsC．learn how to put up a library buildingD．understand how the specialists work on the project51．Which of the following is true of the LoΒwhen it opens?a．It offers better learning tools．b．It reaches users in different ways．c．It provides users with smart phones．d．It allows users to enrich its material．e．It gives non-stop physical and digital services．Α．a，b，d Β．a，c，eC．b，c，d D．b，d，e52．The text is most probably taken from ______ ．Α．a computer bookΒ．a library guideC．a project handbookD．a newspaper report第一部分阅读理解考点5 时事新闻类答案1．（2017江苏）61．Α【解析】根据第二段的首句“Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up”可知，这种形势要求科技巨头解体。

1、【2017年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A. Friendly.B. Funny.C. Welcome.D. Popular.30.Jac’s favourite food in France is .A. tasty snailsB. French pastriesC. fresh breadD. red wine31.Which of the following is NOT true according to the email?A. Wendy and Jac got used to the life in France soon.B. Tour de France is the best-nown bicycle race in the world.C. The Browns have seen many wonderful things in France.D. The Browns went to the top of the Eiffel Tower together.32.Wendy and Jac wrote this email to .A. tell a story about riding bicycles in FranceB. tell a story about their eperiences in FranceC. advise the readers to try escargots in FranceD. advise the readers to visit France in summer【答案】29.A30.C31.D32.B30.C 细节理解题。

题意：杰克在法国最喜欢的食物是什么？A. tasty snails味道好的蜗牛；B. French pastries法国的糕点；C. fresh bread新鲜的面包；D. red wine红酒。

初二英语人物传记故事阅读类试题答案及解析1. Bill, Frank and Dave were three brothers. Every year they sent their mother expensive gifts on her birthday,. They liked to show her how rich they were.The eldest brother. Bill, had a lot of money and he wanted his mother to have the most expensive gifts, but he didn’t know what to buy. So he put an ad in the newspaper. “Wanted－the greatest gift for my mother.”About a week before his mother’s birthday a man came to his office. He brought a big bird. “This bird.” the man said, “can speak ten languages and sing some pop songs.”“Really?I’d like to listen to it,” Bill said.The man made the bird talk in French and tell a joke in Japanese. Then the bird sang a beautiful song. Bill was very happy and paid nine thousand dollars for the bird. The next day Bill sent the bird to his mother with a birthday card.The day after his mother’s birthday he called his mother. “Well, mother” he asked, “What do you think o f the bird?”“Oh, it’s very delicious, dear.” said his mother.【1】Who is the eldest brother?A．Dave B．Bill C．Jack D．Frank【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。