研究生英语教程Unit1

新时代研究生学术英语教程1第一单元Here is an essay with over 1,000 words on the topic "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1":In the new era of globalization and technological advancements, the acquisition of academic English proficiency has become increasingly crucial for graduate students. As they embark on their research journeys, the ability to effectively communicate their ideas, findings, and insights to an international audience has become a critical skill. The "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1" aims to equip students with the necessary tools and strategies to thrive in this dynamic academic landscape.The first unit of this course focuses on the fundamental aspects of academic writing, a cornerstone of graduate-level research and scholarship. Students will be introduced to the core elements of academic discourse, including the organization and structure of research papers, the use of appropriate language and tone, and the importance of coherence and clarity in their written communication.One of the primary objectives of this unit is to help students develop a strong foundation in the conventions of academic writing. Thisincludes understanding the purpose and structure of different sections within a research paper, such as the introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. By mastering these components, students will be better equipped to effectively convey their research objectives, contextualize their work within the existing body of knowledge, and present their findings in a logical and compelling manner.Furthermore, this unit emphasizes the significance of academic voice and tone. Graduate students are expected to adopt a formal, objective, and impersonal style in their writing, demonstrating their depth of understanding and critical thinking abilities. Through targeted exercises and feedback, students will learn to avoid common pitfalls, such as the overuse of personal pronouns, colloquial language, and emotional appeals, and instead cultivate a more academic and authoritative writing style.In addition to the structural and stylistic aspects of academic writing, this unit also addresses the fundamental principles of effective paragraph and sentence construction. Students will explore techniques for developing coherent and well-structured paragraphs, including the use of topic sentences, supporting evidence, and logical transitions. They will also delve into the nuances of sentence structure, exploring ways to vary sentence length, complexity, and rhythm to enhance the overall flow and readability of their work.One of the key focuses of this unit is the development of critical thinking and analysis skills. Graduate students are expected to engage in in-depth research, synthesize complex information, and formulate original arguments. This unit will guide students in honing these essential skills, teaching them how to critically evaluate sources, identify key themes and patterns, and construct persuasive and well-reasoned arguments.Furthermore, this unit emphasizes the importance of academic integrity and proper citation practices. Students will learn how to effectively incorporate and cite sources, ensuring that they avoid plagiarism and maintain the highest standards of scholarly ethics. They will be introduced to various citation styles, such as APA and MLA, and will practice implementing these guidelines throughout their academic writing.Another crucial aspect of this unit is the development of research skills. Graduate students are expected to be proficient in searching for, evaluating, and integrating relevant literature into their work. This unit will equip students with strategies for effectively navigating academic databases, identifying authoritative sources, and synthesizing the existing body of knowledge to support their research objectives.In addition to the core components of academic writing, this unit also addresses the importance of audience awareness and professional communication. Students will learn how to tailor their writing style and tone to specific academic or professional contexts, ensuring that their work is accessible and impactful to their intended readers. This includes strategies for effectively communicating complex ideas to both specialist and non-specialist audiences.Throughout this unit, students will have ample opportunities to apply the concepts and skills they have learned through a series of practical exercises and writing assignments. These activities will not only reinforce their understanding of academic writing but also provide valuable feedback and guidance from experienced instructors.By the end of this unit, students will have developed a comprehensive set of academic writing skills that will serve them well throughout their graduate studies and beyond. They will be equipped with the confidence and competence to effectively communicate their research, engage in scholarly discourse, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.In conclusion, the "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1" is a crucial stepping stone in the academic journey ofgraduate students. By mastering the fundamental principles of academic writing, critical thinking, and research skills, students will be well-positioned to excel in their graduate programs and to make meaningful contributions to the global academic community.。

1. line1 Globalization is steadily and inexorably knitting separate national economies into a single world economy. Basic economic forces so far have outweighed political efforts to slow this trend. Efforts to buck the effects of economic integration have ranged from ant-globalization protests to Congressional efforts to prevent American companies from reincorporating abroad.1.全球化正持续不断地把各国相互独立的经济联合成一个统一的世界经济。

迄今为止，在延缓这一趋势的过程中，基本的经济力量比政治力量强大的多。

从反全球化的抗议到美国国会设法阻止美国公司在海外重组公司而做的努力都是为反对经济一体化效应而做的努力。

3. line13 Another lesser-noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates.3.另一个较少被关注的好处是全球化使政府很难再维持一个过高的税率。

4. line25 The main draw has been a low 10% corporate tax rate. Ireland has boomed from investment inflows and now has a per-capita income level higher than Great Britain or France.4.最具吸引力的就是10%的低水平的公司税率。

Unit 1academia n. 学术界acumen n. 敏锐，聪明ambiguous adj.不明确的ambiguity n. 不明确brink n. 始发点，边缘collaborative adj. 协作的，合作的collaborator n. 合作者，协作者contributor n. 投稿人，撰稿人conviction n. 坚定的信仰或主张expertise n. 专门知识，专门技能foster v. 培养，促进，助长headhunter n. 猎头lone wolf n. 自行其是的人，好独处的人mindset n. 思维定式mitigate v. 缓和，减轻mobilize v. 争取支持，动用资源newbie n. 新手outshine v. 优于…，使…黯然失色perception n. 看法，认识prioritize v. 使…优先prospective adj. 预期的，未来的，可能的scary adj. 可怕的studied adj. 经过深思熟虑的teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合transition n. 过渡，转变Unit 2aftertaste n. 余味apportion v.分配，分摊apprentice n. 学徒broth n. 肉汤，米汤，菜汤ceramic adj. 陶瓷的chili pepper n. 辣椒粉chrysanthemum n. 菊collective adj. 集体的，共同的commemorate v. 纪念，庆祝culinary adj. 烹饪用的drainage 排水，排污dynasty 朝代eccentric adj. 怪异的，古怪的exquisite adj. 精致的facet n. （性格、情况等的）一个方面fare n. 食物ferment v.使…发酵filling n. 馅fragrance n. 香味garnish n. （添加在食物上的）装饰菜ginger n. 姜glutinous adj. 很黏的greasy adj. 多脂的，沾油脂的harmonious adj. 和睦的，融洽的humility n. 谦逊，谦恭improvise v. 即席而作，即兴表演light adj. 味道清淡的，浓度低的，易消化的lingering adj. 经久不消的，久缠不去的literally adv.逐字的，照着原文longevity n. 长寿maw n. 动物的嘴（咽喉）precept n. 戒律，准则reed n. 芦苇reign n. 统治时期renowned adj. 著名的scallop n. 扇贝seniority n. 年长，职位高specialty n. 特色菜stew v.炖，焖tendon n. （连接肌肉和骨头的）腱toast n. 祝酒triangular adj. 三角形的whiff n. 一阵气味Unit 3advance adj.预先的，提前的affectionately adv. 亲切的，有感情的annotate v. 加注解于articulate v. 清楚地表达，清晰地吐字banish v. 驱逐，赶走bereavement n. 丧亲（之痛），丧友（之痛）cataclysmic adj. 剧变的，骤变的conservative adj. 保守的conservatively adv. 保守地cop n. 警察craft v. 精制defenseless adj. 未设防的，无防备的deftly adj. 灵巧的，敏捷的derivative adj. 无独创性的，无新意的earmark n. 特征enticing adj. 吸引人的，诱人的fledgling adj. 新生的，年轻的fundamentalist n. 信奉正统基督教的人goblet n.无柄高脚杯hedge v. 避免作出正面回答installment n. （分期连载的）部分，（分期出版的）分册intellectualism n. 理智magisterial adj.权威的，威严的，盛气凌人的maturity n. 成熟note n. 口气，调子orphan v.孤儿outdo v. 超过，胜过outright adj. 完全的，彻底的plotline n. 情节主线，主要情节promise v. 有…的希望，使…很有可能prose n. 散文punch n. 宾治，潘趣酒quibble n.小小的不满/批评，吹毛求疵quirky adj. 古怪的，奇特的resistible adj. 可抵抗的，可抑制的seductive adj. 诱人的，有魅力的sour adj.敌对的，不愉快的unadorned adj.未装饰的，不加渲染的undercurrent n. 潜伏的情绪villain n. 坏人，反面角色witchcraft n. 巫术wizard n. 男巫Unit 4accommodate v. 迎合，迁就altruistic adj. 利他主义的，无私的avalanche n.雪崩bolster v. 改进cuddle v. （尤指喜爱而）搂抱，拥抱elusive adj. 难以表述的，难懂的frenzied adj. 狂乱的，疯狂的，异常激动的impair v.削弱，损伤，损害impairment n. 削弱，损伤，损害liaison n. 密切的联系，关系mundane adj. 平凡的，平淡的myriad adj. 无数的，不计其数的neurotic adj. 神经质的，神经过敏的，极度焦虑（害怕）的obsessive adj. 着迷的physiological adj. 生理机能的，生理系统的platonic adj. 纯友谊的，柏拉图式的，纯精神恋爱的prerequisite n.必备条件，先决条件，前提psychosomatic adj. 由精神压力所引起的，（疾病）由心理上的惧怕（焦虑）引起的reminisce v. 缅怀往事，追忆往事retard v.阻碍，减缓retardation n. 阻碍，减缓witticism n.妙语，俏皮话，诙谐语wry adj. 露出怪样的，苦笑的Unit 9clog v. 堵塞cram v. 把…塞入crash v. 借宿demolish v. 摧毁，拆掉development n.新开发的房产，新建住宅区dire adj. 极其严重的，极可怕的divert v. 改变（用途或方向）dole n. 救济金eligible adj.合格的，有资格的eliminate v. 消除，根除flatline v. 降到很低的水平hellhole n. 地狱般的地方，环境极恶劣的地方initiative n. 计划，措施lot n. 【尤美】一块地（用于建房或其它用途）lousy adj. 糟糕的mismatch n. 不匹配，不协调mortgage n. 抵押借款，按揭pending adj. 未定的，待决的raze v. 把（城镇、建筑物）夷为平地skimp v. 舍不得花（足够的钱、时间等），克扣slump v. 暴跌soar v. 骤升，猛增stall v. 停滞不前status quo n. 现状subsidize v.给予补助traction n. 牵引力virtually adv.事实上，实际上voucher n. 代金券，凭证windfall n. 意外之财。

Unit 1 Understanding Academic EnglishObjectives:- Learn the purpose of this course- Get to understand different voices that people often use in their communication - Understand features of academic English- Build your learning ability via the Internet- Meet your teacher and new classmatesContents- Teacher’s introduction- Reading and discussion: How’s your voice?- Language focus: word choice, and structural complexity- Writing practice: understanding different styles- Rewriting practice: consolidating academic English writing skills- Classroom extension: Internet survey on features of academic English1.Reading Activity1.1 Pre-reading TaskDo you know how to write a paper with an academic voice? Most Chinese students use only the casual voice for their daily life purposes, which does not fit the academic writing style. When you can learn to use an academic voice and a formal writing style, you will gain authority and respect for yourself as a researcher as well as a research writer.Read the following three texts with different kinds of voice and tell what they differ in.1.2 Reading PassageHOW’S YOUR VOICE?Casual VoiceHey, dude, no way you can sit here!Huzzah! We won! We beat ‘em! Ha! Blue Vampires. They think they’re so great. We showed ‘em. Go Aardvarks!Yuck! I hate broccoli with those nasty, stinkin’ mush-rooms. Why do we gotta have these things again, man?!www, we gotta cancel the Consultative VoiceYou’re not allowed to sit inthis area, because it’s asafety concern.I’m so glad for our team, thegreat Fighting Aardvarks,and now together wecelebrate this victory.I’d prefer not to have thisparticular vegetable again, ifit’s possible. Does anyonereally enjoy this combinationof mushrooms and broccoli?It’s possible that our partymight have to be postponedor canceled because of theAcademic VoiceThis area must be keptclear for foot traffic.The Fighting Aardvarksclaimed victory over theBlue Vampires in thefinal round tonight. Bothteams competed well andthe fans are enthusiastic.Very few people enjoythis broccoli andmushroom dish.Therefore, it will not beserved again within thiscalendar year, or theservers will be killed.Due to the inclementweather, the AnnualTattoo Party will notparty ‘cause it’s totally raining like crazy! Sweeeet! I love those Indiana Jones movies! They’re awesome with the whip and the bugs and stuff. Everyone loves those flicks!bad weather that’s threaten-ing our location.Indiana Jones films arereally very popular withyour age group. Critics can’tdecide why such an oldcharacter is so appealing.take place this Thursdayat Finster Park. Theplanning committee willreschedule the event andrelease information assoon as possible.Hollywood is perplexedat the reasons that Indi-ana Jones is so favoredby such youngaudiences. The answerremains a mystery.1.3Reading Comprehension1.3.1 Do you know in which situation these voices are appropriately used? And why?1.3.2 Read the passage carefully again and decide the differences among them.2Language Focus2.1 Word ChoiceAcademic voice can be well expressed by choosing words. Here are some words to acquire:Here are some words to avoid.2.1.1 Can you match the formal and informal words and phrases?2.2 Structural complexity‘Syntax’ is the technical word that is used to describe sentence structure. It is extremely important that well-arranged sentences carry an academic voice, whereas choppy, simple sentences sound oral and colloquial. Sentences that are too short and poorly connected can be irritating to read. Conversely, sentences that are too long and rambling are difficult to follow and are likely to be confusing. Use a sentence length that allows your thoughts to flow clearly. Rewrite the following sentences into a text with well-ordered sentences and structural complexity.A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses. It indicates the relationship between the elements. These elements connect. We often find the following thing. In only one single sentence a conjunction contains one or more ideas. These ideas may be equal or unequal in importance. Ideas are equal, and we call them coordinate ideas. For example, John studies electronics. Helen studies Computing. These two sentences can become a compound sentence. It shows the relationship between the two ideas. We want to maintain the equality of the ideas. We call the clauses in the new sentence coordinate clauses.3.Writing Practice3.1Understanding different stylesRead the following texts and decide where they come from.1At AT & Bell Laboratories infrared lasers are being used to capture live microbes. Working like optical tweezers, the pressure of the laser light traps minute objects in itsfocus point. Researchers are using the device to move around viruses bacteria, and other cells they are study under the microscope. After several hours, however, the focus light will heat up the microbes to a boiling point.____________________________________________________________________ 2All we ask is that you spend two hours of your time attending a Barratt Sales presentation. There, you’ll discover the ben efits of timeshare. At Barratt we call it Holiday Ownership because that’s why it really is. You’ll be under no obligation to purchase, but we think you may be tempted._____________________________________________________________________ 3There were only two Americans stopping at the hotel. They did not know any of the people they passed on the stairs on their way to and from their room. Their room was on the second floor facing the sea. It also faced the public garden and the war monument. There were big palms and green benches in the public garden. In the good weather there was always an artist with his easel. Artists liked the way the palms grew and the bright colors of the hotels facing the gardens and the sea.4Although many studies have already been done, more studies are needed to determine the effects of microcomputer-assisted instruction in various teaching situations.____________________________________________________________________ 5The parents of a seven-year-old Australian boy woke to find a giant python crushing and trying to swallow him. The incident occurred in Cairns, Queensland and the boy’s mother, Mrs. Dryden said: “it was like a horror movie. It was a hot night. He suddenly started screaming. We rushed to the bedroom to find a huge snake trying to strangle him. ” Mrs. Dryden and her husband, Peter, tried to stab the creature with knives, but the python bit the boy several times before escaping.____________________________________________________________________3.2. Choosing appropriate stylesNow you are going to write an essay in class for your teacher’s assignments. Which of the following sentences you would like to use for your writing?1. He couldn’t finish his work in the time given.2. The first set of results were compiled and presented by the other group of students.3. I would like to focus on the following areas of research: …4. They argued that this methodology was unreliable.5. In addition, the data was used to focus on the following hypothesis.6. I enjoyed my English class with you and am having a good experience this semester.7. At about twelve pm on August 21, 1984, she told us, I came out of the kitchen to toss out some water.8. We, at any rate, will continue to keep an open mind.9. Is the menu at that the French restaurant giving you trouble? Then you might need the V oice, a hand-held computer that translates spoken English into French, Spanish, German or Italian.10. There is an emerging consensus that a concerted effort on a national level will be required to capture the glittering prizes that a new technology offers.3.3. Rewriting PracticeRewrite the following passage into an academic one.Why are there so many jams on the roads these days? One thing is that public transportation like trains, buses, etc., is so dear. A long time ago cars cost a lot but now, unfortunately, they’ve got a lot cheaper. Another thing is that driving is a lot nicer than waiting for a bus. The trouble is that if everyone buys a car the roads get packed.4Writing ProjectThe following is a checklist for writing in academic English. It is not complete. Use the Internet, books, textbooks and lecturers' expertise to find out what other conventions could be applied to using academic English. And make a list of these conventions and keep this for future reference.Writing academic English● Use academic voice● Write with structural complexity● Avoid casual style● Distinguish formal and informal words and phrases●…5. Final Checklist。

My First JobTwo noted Americans explain whyIt’s not what you earn----it’s what you learnCompiled by Daniel LevineThe Auto Prepper (Jay Leno)I acquired a very strong work ethic from my parents, both of whom lived through the Great Depression. They couldn’t understand people who didn’t work regularly. I once told my mom that Sylvester was getting $12 million for ten weeks of work. “What’s he going to do the rest of the year?” She asked.我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。

他们俩都经历过大萧条时期，对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。

我曾经告诉我妈妈，西尔维斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元。

“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。

I took my parents’ work ethic into my first job at Wilmington Ford near my hometown of Andover, Mass, when I was 16. I worked until five or six o’clock on school days and put in 12-hour days during the summer as a prepper. This meant washing and polishing the new cars, and making sure the paper floor mats were in place. Another responsibility was taking off the hubcaps at night, so they wouldn’t get stole n and replacing them the next day. This was hard work because we had about seven acres of cars.我把父母的工作道德观带人了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。

Unit 1Excuse NotesWord Bankanthology: n. a collection of artistic works which have a similar form or subject, often those considered to be the best 诗选/文选attest :v. to show sth. or to say or prove that sth. is true 证明choke: v. to stop breathing 窒息，哽住devilment : n. behavior that causes trouble but is usually intended to be playful or amusing 恶作剧distribute: v. to give sth. out to several people, or to spread or supply sth. 分发，发送epiphany: n. understanding 理解forge: v. to make an illegal copy of sth. in order to deceive 伪造，铸造gem: n. sb. or sth. that is very good, pleasing or useful 精品，非常有用的人genuine: adj. sth. genuine is what it seems to be; real 真的lucid: adj.clearly expressed and easy to understand or (of a person) thinking or speaking clearly 易懂的，明白的，清醒的omit: v. to fail to include or do sth. 省略，疏忽plight: n. an unpleasant condition, especially a serious, sad or difficult one 处境，状态seduction: n. the attractive quality of sth. 诱惑superintendent: n. people who is in charge of work done in a particular department, office, etc. 主管，负责人treason: n. lack of loyalty to one’s country, especially by helping its enemies or attempting to defeat its government 通敌，叛国罪vulgar: adj. rude and likely to upset or anger people 无理的，粗俗的Phrases and Expressionsbe evicted from: to be forced to leave somewhere 驱逐，赶走be worth of: deserving respect, admiration or support 值得的glance at: to give a quick short look 一瞥turn into: to change into 进入，（使）变成Reading ComprehensionChoose the best for each of the following.1. According to the passage, the teacher ____D____.A. is angry with his students.B. does not like his students forging excuse notes.C. blames the parents.D. teaches a successful writing class.2. Mikey missed school ____D____.A. because his grandmother fell down from the stairsB. because he did not like his teacherC. because his parents wanted him to be homeD. because he did not want to go to school3. When the students forged the excuse notes, they were ____A____.A. very smart and imaginativeB. boredC. indifferentD. excited4. The principal of the school ____B____.A. blamed the teacher for what he had done in class.B. praised the teacher for what he had done in class.C. was disappointed with the teacher.D. fired the teacher.5. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( D )A. The students enjoyed the teacher’s writing class very much.B. The students were very creative in forging excuse notes.C. The teacher enjoyed teaching writing.D. The students did not enjoy the teacher’s writing class.II. Complete the following summary (summarize) of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.His methods anything but conventional, Mr. McCourt created a lasting impact on his students through imaginative assignments in his (1)creative writing. He found that some of his students (2) forged excuse notes in the name of their parents. He does not angry with what the students had done; instead, he divided those notes into two (3)piles, one for the (4)genuine ones written by parents, the other for forgeries. The students were so smart that they could create a variety of (5)excuses. So the teacher decided to dig up their (6)talent in writing by asking them to write excuse notes. The students were so (7)absorbed in the writing that they almost forgot to have (8)lunch.At last the principal (9)praised the teacher for this successful teaching method. Both the teache and the students were happy about the writing class. And the teacher realized everyone (10)needed an excuse. Understanding is essential to the teacher and the students.VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. A number of __D___ works of art have been sold as genuine.A. falseB. beautifulC. famousD. forged2. To ___B__ one’s power is to commit a crime and eventually end up in jail.A. accuseB. abuseC. deduceD. excuse3. Seeing the speeding car, the policeman __B__ the driver to pull up at the curb.A. reckonedB. beckonedC. softenedD. stiffened4. Unfortunately, he hit a traffic jam and missed the train __B___ a few minutes.A. withB. byC. beforeD. for5. She gave a clear and __A___ account of her plans for the company's future.A. lucidB. dullC. unclearD. ambiguous6. Isn't it rather __C___ to talk about how much money you earn?A. politeB. boringC. vulgarD. pleasant7. The books will be __D___ free to local schools.A. contributedB. tributeC. attributedD. distributed8. The editor required him to __A___ some details of the article.A. omitB. permitC. summitD. illuminate9. Few of us can be unmoved by the __C___ of the Romanian orphans.A. lightB. mightC. plightD. moonlight10. I have to __B___ my reputation.A. detectB. protectC. intactD. preventII. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. superintendent choke attest forge gemgenuine lucid omit turn into excuseglance at evicted disguise worthy imagination1. In the US. a school is superintendent in charge of the schools in a particular area.2. Thousands of people came out onto the streets to attest their support for the democratic opposition party.3. The expensive purse is made of genuine leather.4. Can you turn this article into English?5. She took a glance at her watch.6. I know why this happened. You don't have to find any excuse.7. He was evicted from the pub for drunken and violent behavior.8. This emperor is said to have paid many personal visits to various counties disguise as an ordinary citizen.9. Every year she makes a large donation to a worthy cause.10. Children often have very vivid imagination.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.1. Most parental-excuse notes I received back in those days were penned by my students. They'd been forging excuse notes since they learned to write, and if I were to confront each forger I'd be busy 24 hours a day.2. My heart sank as the principal entered, along with the superintendent of schools. Neither acknowledged me. They walked up and down, peering at papers. The superintendent picked one up, showed it to the principal.3. Sooner or later, I figured, everyone needed an excuse. Also, if we sang today we could sing tomorrow, and why not? You don’t need an excuse for singing.参考译文：1.我每天收到以父母名义写的请假条，很多是学生自己写的。

Unit1Getting InformationThe Auto Prepper1、How did the author’s parents feel about people who didn’t work regularly?They couldn’t understand those people.2、How did the author manage to get this job back?He wrote to Henry Ford Ⅱand got help from him.The Cashier3、Did the author prefer to save money or spend money? How do you know?She preferred to save money. The evidence: Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.”4、What’s the important lesson the author learns from her first job?To be a successful salesperson, one needs to be a great listener.5、In which field is the author now working?Toy making.Vocabulary and StructureA选词填空They made regular visits to the park on the suburbs during the weekends.She was promoted to division manager last year.We tried to walk to the park but ended up taking a taxi there.His handling of these important issues was highly praised.Thomas bought a new hat to replace the one he had lost.The movie received generally favorable reviews.Thank you for all the time and effort you have put in.Make sure you’re home by midnight.He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot.The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help.B词性转换open (n.) openingpersist (n.) persistencesucceed (n.) successsucceed (adj.) successfulimportant (n.) Importancepromote (n.) promotiondepress (n.) depressionvalue (adj.) valuableloyal (n.) loyaltyfavor (adj.) favorableC近义词We can obtain (acquire) knowledge by reading books, newspapers, and by watching TV.When all her other friends deserted her, Steve remained constant (loyal).New York is a city famous (noted) for its shopping and nightlife.You frightened (startled) me –I thought you were in the garden.He accepted the blame (responsibility) for the mistake in the government report.Teaching is not very worth doing (rewarding) financially.She showed sincere (genuine) sorrow at the news.Guess whom I encountered (bumped into) today?Tickets must be bought (purchased) two weeks in advance.We all hope that agreement can be reached at the end (eventually).事态填空I think I have seen your teacher twice this week.The fire started at seven last night.When the old lady entered the apartment, the thief had escaped already.We did not catch what the stranger said.When they finally got to the hotel, night had fallen already.The visitors have just arrived from America.By the time he gets home, his father will have left for Shanghai.We will not start the project before he has come back from the United States.He lost his new knife shortly after he had bought it.The fire had been burning for three hours before the firemen arrived.I told him that he could go there after school.Irene has taught English at our school for two years. She will renew her contract tomorrow. He is ill. He has not eaten any food since last night.This time tomorrow we will be planting trees in the park.From 3 to 5 yesterday, they were repairing the car on the way to the park.时态填空According to the time table, the train for London leaves at seven o’clock in the evening. You needn’t hurry her. She will have finished it by the time you are ready.Darwin proved that natural selection is the chief factor in the development of species. While Peggy is reading, her brother is playing records.It’s been a long time since I saw you last. How are you?We have been working on it for several hours, but we have not yet reached any conclusion. He said that he would leave for Shanghai the next day.This is the first time I have seen this kind of refrigerator.He had found this job before he moved into this city.I think this time yesterday he was having an English class in No.3 Classroom Building.By 2008, the university will have trained 20,000 postgraduates.Since 1970, he has been working in this bank and he loves the job very much.I don’t like to be disturbed if I am working.Before long, she will forget all about the matter.You can see the house hasn’t been painted for years.。

研究生英语阅读教程Unit1课后作业及答案V ocabulary: Choice QuestionC 。

1The Car Connectivity Consortium was founded under U.S. law as a limited liability corporation. CA assetsB businessC responsibilityD investmentC ）2Suffering was easier to bear than the bitterness he felt corroding his spirit.CA inspiringB revealingC destroyingDreleasing2、Reading Comprehension: Choice QuestionB The "black swan" in Paragraph 4 means that the thing in question________.A is preciousBrarely happensCis only our dreamD catches our attention4）A By "the pattern seems clear" (Paragraph 1), the author implies that what happened at Deepwater Horizon________.A has its unique reasonsB is not an isolated eventC is avoidable if taken seriouslyD is unavoidable no matter what5）A By "it would be foolish to think that the only risks we are still underestimating are the ones that have suddenly becomesalient" in Paragraph 9, the author means to stress that________.A there are also risks in fields other than the oil industryB there are more risks in the oil industry than we have knownC we no longer underestimate the risks in the oil industryD we should be careful not to underestimate the risks again in the future.A 6）The author describes in detail the greenhouse gas effect to________.A re mind people of the possible risks aheadB t ry to persuade the global warming skepticsC tell people to face reality and take initiativesD convince people of the reliability of his information3、V ocabulary: Choice Question7）D）Sales are reminiscent of the 2008 holiday season when merchandise was marked down 50% to 80%. Aback fromB different fromCbetter thanD similar to4、Reading Comprehension: Choice QuestionC The author specifically mentions Joe Barton's criticism of BP to emphasize that________.A public opinions matter in the case of the oil spillsB the oil industry should impose pressure on BPC BP has indeed made unforgivable wrong decisionsD the fight against the oil industry is inconsistent5、V ocabulary: Choice Question9）D ou agree to waive the claim, which speaks well for your friendly attitude and close cooperation.A startB continueC changeD quit6、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question10 B Things with the high stakes________.A should be left to the market aloneB can be better handled with government helpC can be better solved by the market than the governmentD may be made worse by government intervention11）D Michael Greenstone would summarize the role played by the 1990 law as________.A beneficialB unpredictableC negligibleD adverse12 D The author's purpose in writing the article is to________.A call on the public to condemn the oil industryB offer solutions to the problems in the oil industryC expose the deal between the industry and the governmentD analyze the reasons behind the oil disasters and issue warnings7、Cloze13）.（20分）There are ten blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the right word or phrase from the list given below for each of the blanks. Change the form if necessary.unexpected regardless of necessarily puzzle altersevere come up with shrink wisdom tendResearchers in California have found that birds around San Francisco Bay have slowly gotten bigger over the last 27 to 40 years. The finding is certainly interesting—because it counterssome conventional_ _ wisdom 1__on how animals respond to climate change.A well-known ecological rule, called Bergmann's Rule, states that animals__ tend 2__to be larger at higher latitudes. It is believed that this occurs because larger animals are better able to conserve body heat. Bergmann's Rule, then, would suggest that animals will__ shrink 3__in size as their native climates get warmer."We had the good fortune to find a(n)_ unexpected _4__result," Rae Goodman, the researcher at the SanFrancisco State who led the study explained, "but we were then left with the_ puzzle _5__of figuring out what was going on."They__6 come up with __several possibilities, all indicating that birds—and ultimately other animals—may respond to climate change in unexpected ways. One theory is that the larger body size was caused by fat stores which have increased in response to__ severe7__weather events. Another was that changes in plant ecology could have__ altered 8__the birds' diet, leading to increased body sizes.__ Regardless of 9__the specific mechanism, it is clear that climate change is causing significant shifts in traits—like body size—that don't usually exhibit much flexibility.Though the finding was unexpected, however, it was not _ necessarily _10__ all bad news. "It gave me a little more hope," Study Co-Author Gretchen LeBuhn explained, "that these birds are able to respond—hopefully in time—to changes in climate."8、V ocabulary: Choice Question14）B About 1% to 2% of the population are affected by temporary loss of smell: drugs, pollution and pregnancy can all distort the senses.A work withB interfere withC associate withD come with15 A Humans have trouble evaluating risks that are not salient.A noticeableB uniqueC acceptableD real9、V ocabulary: Blank Filling）Choose the best word or expression from the list given for each blank. Use each word or expression only once and make proper changes where necessary.1. The Secretary of State for Environment has the power to_ cap _1__councils which plan to spend excessively.2. __2 In the wake of __two heart surgeries, Clinton, 65, has lost 25 pounds and appears fit.3. Ernest seems to have as many lives as the__ proverbial3__cat.4. Most of my worries__ stem from 4__wondering whether or not I'm pleasing the woman I'm with.5. At room temperature, the__ odds 5__of that happening are once in a billion years.6. It is very wet here, a big surprise_ given _6__the fact this isa polar desert.7. Celebrity sometimes makes people think they are fireproof: their fans love them__ come what may 7__.8. _ Far from _8__being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable that we hardly spoke.9. If anything, money spent on political donations and lobbying holds more__ sway 9__when it is unexamined.10. __ In retrospect 10__, I wished I had thought about alternative courses of action.10、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question17）C People's fear of planes after the 9/11 attacks________.A is understandableB drives them crazyC cannot be fully justifiedD proves to be well-grounded11、V ocabulary: Choice Question18）B His wife set about upbraiding him for neglecting the children.A encouragingB criticizingC understandingD hating19）A For the would-be online criminals, the likelihood of their getting caught and punished is vanishingly small, yet the profits are great.A extremelyB probablyC unfortunatelyD slightly20）C Do you look forward to old age, or do you dread frailty, loss of memory and dependence on others?A lonelinessB povertyC weaknessD illness12、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question21 D How might Robert Stavins comment on the BP executives and their mistakes?A Nobody in their right mind would make such mistakes.B They have everything in their power to avoid the mistakes.C These mistakes are actually beyond human control.D These mistakes, though serious, reflect common human weakness.13、V ocabulary: Choice Question22）D I greatly enjoy these meetings unless I have to make a speech, in which case I'm in a state of dreadful anxiety.A unexpectedB naturalC understandableD terrible。