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Unit Four*polish (l.2):make less rough / more graceful; refine 使(人、举止、仪表等) 变得优雅；使升华E.g.: His manners need polishing. 他的举止欠优雅。
*sharpen (l.2): make … more sensitive 使敏锐；使敏捷E.g.: sharpen sb.’s mind / wits 使某人头脑敏锐*large: exaggerating; insightful; generous, forgiving; (archaic) (of behavior) unbridled; (of language) vulgar, coarse 夸大的，浮夸的; 有远见的; (废) (行为) 放肆的；(言语等) 粗俗的E.g.: large talk 大话talk in a large way 讲话夸张a man with large ideas 高瞻远瞩的人 a large heart 宽厚的心large tolerance 宽容*florid (l.3): (often derogatory) richly ornamented; having too much ornamentation 徇丽的，(过分) 华丽的E.g.: florid language / architecture 华丽的言辞(建筑)*untrammeled (l.3): not hampered 不受阻碍的；不受束缚的E.g.: the old untrammeled days 逍遥自在的往昔*become (l.3): befit, be suitable to 适合；同…相称E.g.: Her clothes become her. 她的衣服穿在她身上显得很匹配。
He becomes his high office. 他的举止与他的高官身份相称。
theladyorthetiger课件(一)课件：The Lady or the Tiger?教学内容：•《The Lady or the Tiger?》的故事背景介绍•故事主要人物及其性格特点•故事核心问题的思考和讨论教学准备：•教学材料：故事《The Lady or the Tiger?》的文本、幻灯片或者黑板写字工具•学生材料：纸和笔，用于笔记和讨论教学目标：•深入理解故事的背景和情节•分析和推理故事核心问题的答案•提高学生的阅读理解和批判性思维能力设计说明：•通过故事的背景介绍，引发学生的兴趣，激发他们的想象力•结合故事中的人物，以角色分析的方式讲解他们的性格特点•通过小组讨论或者课堂讨论的方式，让学生思考和解答故事核心问题教学过程：1.导入（5分钟）–激发学生对故事的兴趣，通过提出以下问题引导学生思考：你们有没有做过一个艰难的选择？你们会怎样做？–引入故事《The Lady or the Tiger?》的背景，简要介绍故事情节。
2.人物分析（10分钟）–介绍故事中的主要人物，如国王、王女和王臣等，并概述他们的性格特点。
–引导学生从故事的描述中，推测人物的行为和决策的原因。
3.故事核心问题的思考和讨论（20分钟）–提出故事的核心问题：公主选择了哪条门？–以小组讨论或者整堂讨论的方式，让学生表达出他们的观点，并给出理由和证据支持。
–引导学生思考不同的观点和解释，并分析故事中的线索和暗示。
4.总结和反思（5分钟）–整理学生的观点和理由，以及他们对故事的理解和想法。
–引导学生思考故事背后的哲学问题，如选择、命运和道德等。
–结束课程，鼓励学生进一步阅读和思考故事。
课后反思：本节课通过引入《The Lady or the Tiger?》的故事情节，让学生深入理解故事背后的哲学问题。
学生积极参与讨论，并提出了不同的观点和解释。
在后续课堂中，可以引导学生进一步关注故事的文化背景和故事结构等方面，并鼓励他们进行更深入的阅读和思考。
Unit 5*fervent and imperious (l.2): vehement and overbearing*imperious (l.2): proud and arrogant; domineering; overbearing傲慢的；飞扬跋扈的；专横的E.g.: an imperious voice 傲慢的口气be imperious with somebody 对某人态度傲慢*the apple of one’s eye (ll.2-3)(Note 4): one that is dear; one’s favorite personn.瞳孔, 珍爱物, 宝贝，掌上明珠*waver (l.9): be uncertain in making a decision; be unsteady in movement犹豫不决，举棋不定；踌躇；动摇；踉跄，蹒跚E.g.: He wavered between accepting and refusing.他犹豫不决，不知是接受好，还是拒绝好。
He never wavered in his determination to become a doctor.他想当医生的决心从未动摇过。
*premises (l.10): a house or other building with any surrounding land, considered as a particular piece of property; domain; territory（企业、机构等使用的）房屋连地基；生产场所；经营场址；领域E.g.: The firm moved to its new premises in 1971. 该公司于1971年迁至新址。
Keep off the premises. 禁止入内。
on the premises: 在房屋内；在场所内E.g.: Food bought in this shop may not be eaten / consumed on the premises.本店出售食品概不堂吃。
The Lady or the Tiger-----------Frank R. Stockton女郎, 还是老虎In the very olden time there lived a semi-barbaric king.在非常古老的年代里,曾有过一个半野蛮的国王.whose ideas, though somewhat polished and sharpened by这个国王的思想,尽管因为远处进步的拉丁族邻居的影响,the progressiveness of distant Latin neighbors, were still而有了一点点文饰和敏锐,但是仍然large, florid, and untrammeled, as became the half of him旷大,流动,无拘无束,和他野蛮的那一半正好相称.which was barbaric. He was a man of exuberant fancy, and,他是个有着丰富幻想的人, 不仅如此,withal, of an authority so irresistible that, at his will, he turned他还有着不可抗拒的权威. 只要他愿意,his varied fancies into facts. He was greatly given to self-他就会把各种幻想都变成事实.他又非常沉醉于自我交流,communing, and, when he and himself agreed upon而且,只要他和自己对某件事达成共识,anything, the thing was done. When every member of his这件事情就办成了.当他的宫廷和政治体系的每一个domestic and political systems moved smoothly in its成员,都在规定好的路线上平滑移动时,appointed course, his nature was bland and genial; but,他的气质是平淡而温和的; 但是,whenever there was a little hitch, and some of his orbs got只要有一丁点差错,只要他的一些卫星稍稍脱离out of their orbits, he was blander and more genial still, for自己的轨道, 他就会变得更平淡,更温和. 因为,nothing pleased him so much as to make the crooked再没有什么比把弯曲的弄直, 把不平的压平,straight and crush down uneven places.更能让他高兴了.Among the borrowed notions by which his barbarism had他(从文明的邻居那里)借来的众多观念使他的野蛮变成了become semified was that of the public arena, in which, by半野蛮. 这些观念中,有一个叫公共斗兽场. 在公共斗兽场,exhibitions of manly and beastly valor, the minds of his通过展示人和野兽的勇敢,他的臣民们的心智subjects were refined and cultured.变得更加细致而优雅了.But even here the exuberant and barbaric fancy asserted但即便在这里,丰富而野蛮的幻想也起着主宰作用.itself The arena of the king was built, not to give the people国王之所以建造公共斗兽场,并非为了让人们an opportunity of hearing the rhapsodies of dying gladiators,去倾听垂死的斗兽士们吟诵叙事诗,nor to enable them to view the inevitable conclusion of a也不是为了让人们亲眼目睹conflict between religious opinions and hungry jaws, but for宗教意见和饥饿的下颚之间冲突的不可挽回的结局,purposes far better adapted to widen and develop the而是为了更好地开拓和发展mental energies of the people. This vast amphitheater, with人民的精神能量.这个宏大的斗兽场its encircling galleries, its mysterious vaults, and its unseen四周围绕着看台,有着神秘的拱顶,看不见的通道.passages, was an agent of poetic justice, in which crime它是诗意公正的执行者.was punished, or virtue rewarded, by the decrees of an在诗意公正的统御下,通过不偏不倚的,廉洁无私的机遇所发impartial and incorruptible chance.出的号令,罪行被惩处了, 而美德受到奖励.When a subject was accused of a crime of sufficient importance to interest the king, public notice was given that on an appointed day the fate of the accused person would be decided in the king's arena, a structure which well deserved its name, for, although its form and plan were borrowed from afar, its purpose emanated solely from the brain of this man, who, every barleycorn a king, knew no tradition to which he owed more allegiance than pleased his fancy, and who ingrafted on every adopted form of human thought and action the rich growth of his barbaric idealism.When all the people had assembled in the galleries, and the king, surrounded by his court, sat high up on his throne of royal state on one side of the arena, he gave a signal, a door beneath him opened, and the accused subject stepped out into the amphitheater. Directly opposite him, on the other side of the inclosed space, were two doors, exactly alike and side by side. It was the duty and the privilege of the person on trial to walk directly to these doors and open one of them. He could open either door he pleased; he was subject to no guidance or influence but that of the aforementioned impartial and incorruptible chance. If he opened the one, there came out of it a hungry tiger, the fiercest and most cruel that could be procured, which immediately sprang upon him and tore him to pieces as a punishment for his guilt. The moment that the case of the criminal was thus decided, doleful iron bells were clanged, great wails went up from the hired mourners posted on the outer rim of *the arena, and the vast audience, with bowed heads and downcast hearts, wended slowly their homeward way, mourning greatly that one so young and fair, or so old and respected, should have merited so dire a fate.When a subject was accused of a crime of sufficient importance to interest the king, public notice was given that on an appointed day the fate of the accused person would be decidedin the king's arena, a structure which well deserved its name, for, although its form and plan were borrowed from afar, its purpose emanated solely from the brain of this man, who, every barleycorn a king, knew no tradition to which he owed more allegiance than pleased his fancy, and who ingrafted on every adopted form of human thought and action the rich growth of his barbaric idealism.当某个臣民被指控犯下了足以引起国王兴趣的罪行，公众的注意力就被聚焦在这里了：在一个指定的日子，被告的命运将在国王的斗兽场上决定，这是个当得起这个名号的建筑，因为虽然它的形式与计划是从遥远的外国借来的，但是，它的目的完全发自这个人的头脑，他，彻头彻尾是个国王，除了实现他的奇想之外罔顾任何传统，他在所有已知形式的人类所思所为里都灌注了他那丰富发展了的野性理想主义。
