大学英语词汇与语法练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题—答案及详解

虚拟语气讲解和练习（附答案）概念理解一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

英语中的语气(mood)1.陈述语气Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气Come this way, please! 请这边走。

Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

3.虚拟语气If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。

May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！知识清单清单一、条件句中的虚拟语气A．真实条件句If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。

If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。

We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。

I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。

英语虚拟语气练习题及答案解析1.The judge ordered that the thief _____ punished.A. would beB. should beC. were to beD. must be答案：B解析：译文：法官命令惩罚这个小偷。

本题考查should do虚拟。

表命令、建议等词，后面的从句谓语要用should do，should可以省略，故选B。

2.If the United States had not entered the Second World War, probably the 1940 unemployment rate of 14% _____ still further.A. would riseB. would risenC. would have risenD. had risen答案：C解析：译文：如果美国没有加入二战，可能1940年的失业率会进一步上升。

本题考查if引导的非真实条件句。

根据had not entered可知句子对过去虚拟，主句要用would/should/might/could+ have done，故选C。

3.I wish I _____ you yesterday.A. sawB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see答案：C解析：译文：我多希望我昨天能见到你。

本题考查虚拟语气。

Wish后面的句子要用虚拟语气，对过去虚拟用had done，对现在虚拟用did/were，对将来虚拟用would do/could do。

根据yesterday可知对过去虚拟，故选C。

4.Without electricity, human being life _____ quite different today.A. wouldB. will beC. would have beenD. would be答案：D解析：译文：没有电的话，人类如今的生活会大不一样。

(完整版)if虚拟语气练习题及答案如果虚拟语气练习题是一种能够帮助我们巩固和加深对于虚拟语气的理解的方法。

通过解答这些练习题，我们可以更好地掌握虚拟语气的用法，并提高在语言表达中正确运用虚拟语气的能力。

下面提供一些虚拟语气练习题及答案，希望可以帮助大家加深对虚拟语气的认识。

练习题一：填空题根据句意，选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

1. 如果我______（知道）你的电话号码，我会给你打电话。

答案：知道2. 如果我______（是）你，我会接受这个机会。

答案：是3. 如果他______（尽力）的话，他会取得更好的成绩。

答案：尽力4. 如果我______（有）足够的钱，我会帮助他。

答案：有5. 如果我______（做）得更好一些，我就能拿到这个工作了。

答案：做6. 如果明天______（不下雨），我们可以去野餐。

答案：不下雨7. 如果他______（不是）这么懒，他就不会被开除了。

答案：不是8. 如果你______（去）采取行动，你将失去这个机会。

答案：去9. 如果他______（读）更多的书，他的知识会更丰富。

答案：读10. 如果我______（拥有）魔法，我将会改变世界。

答案：拥有练习题二：选择题选择最佳答案填空。

1. 如果我______（会）弹钢琴，我会给你弹一首歌。

a. 会b. 能c. 可以d. 有答案：a. 会2. 如果你______（是）我，你会怎么做？a. 是b. 是的c. 如果d. 可以答案：a. 是3. 如果明天______（没有）下雨，我们可以去郊游。

a. 没有b. 不下c. 不下雨d. 不来答案：c. 不下雨4. 如果他______（学习）更努力，他会取得更好的成绩。

a. 学习b. 学习了c. 学习过d. 学习到答案：a. 学习5. 如果我______（有）足够的钱，我会买一辆新车。

a. 有b. 拥有c. 会有d. 有着答案：a. 有练习题三：改错题找出下列句子中的错误，并进行改正。

英语虚拟语气练习题与答案解析虚拟语气练习题用所给动词的适当形式填空：Part A.1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents.2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes.3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up.4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday.5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone).7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time.8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much.9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young.10.It is about time that fence ______(mend).11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem.12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) downyesterday.13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say).14.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it.15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuingoutside the public phone box.16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.”17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time.18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting.19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand.20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening.Part B.1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help.2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now.3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wetnow.5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now.6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her.8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night.10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does.11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know thatshe ______(already, come) back from abroad.13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science ofphysics.14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive).15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them.16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late.17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.18. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.19.Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her?20.Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week?选择题：1. If I _______ you, I’d join the army.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be2. “If the sun ______ tomorrow, what would we do?”A. will not riseB. would not riseC. did not riseD. does not rise3. If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?A. areB. will be goingC. mustD. were4. I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.A. could seeB. had seenC. will seeD. will have seen5. If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?A. would you buyB. had you boughtC. would you have boughtD. would you be buying6. If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.A. would probably dieB. had probably diedC. probably would be diedD. would probably have died7. ________ if you had lost your watch?A. Hadn’t you been upsetB. Wouldn’t you be upsetC. Weren’t you upsetD. Wouldn’t you have upset8. -----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”A. have stayedB. have stayC. stayedD. stay9. If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday.A. would have lentB. would lendC. would have lendD. could lend10. ____________, John would not have failed.A. If he has listened to meB. Had he listened to meC. If he listened to meD. As he listened to me11. Had Alice been more hardworking, she ________.A. had not failedB. would not have failedC. would not failD. could not be failed12. -----“Steve made a reservation already.”-----“______ he change his mind, he can cancel it.”A. ShouldB. WouldC. IfD. So13. I wished it _______ but it did.A. occurred notB. did not accurC. had not occurredD. would not occur14. I _______ Professor Jones had taught me this equation.A. believeB. deeply thinkC. wishD. suppose15. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ around the earth.A. circlesB. is circlingC. be circlingD. were circling16. The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ______ a human teacher.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. be17. Jane appears as though she _______ the secret.A. knowsB. knewC. has knownD. had known18. If only she _______ of Aunt Ruth!A. was not terribly so frightenedB. were not terribly so frightenedC. be not so terribly frightenedD. were not so terribly frightened19. -----“I think that the Smiths were embarrassed by Jane’s generosity.”-----“She insisted ______ it as a gift.”A. no them to acceptB. their acceptingC. that they acceptD. that they accepted20. The chairman requested that __________.A. the members studied the problem more carefullyB. the problem were more carefully studiedC. the problem could be studied with more careD. the members study the problem more carefully21. -----“Did Kathy have any ideas for Jim?”-----“She suggested that he ______ a card with all of our names on it.”A. sendB. sendsC. to sendD. sending22. The idea is that we _______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first.A. will sendB. had sentC. sendD. be sent23. It is necessary that this machine-tool _______ every day.A. be oiledB. oilC. is to be oiledD. oiled24. -----“That’s a beautiful coat in the window.”-----“It certainly is. If I had the money ______ buy it.”A. I’dB. I’llC. I mayD. I shall25. -----“Why didn’t you help him?”-----“I would have ______ I didn’t have the money.”A. ifB. andC. butD. otherwise26. Jill would rather we _______ now, but we must go to work.A. not leaveB. had not leftC. didn’t leaveD. not to be left27. I’d just as soon ________ those important papers with you.A. that you won’t takeB. your not takingC. please don’t you takeD. you didn’t take28. The housemaster was very strict. He asked that we ______ television on week nights.A. not watchB. not be watchingC. must not watchD. should not have watched29. I hadn’t exp ected James to apologize but I had hoped ________.A. him calling meB. that he would call meC. him to call meD. that he call me30. __________ at the price list, he’d have known what to expect.A. Had Mr. Robinson lookedB. If Mr. Robinson lookedC. If Mr. Robinson would have lookedD. Had Mr. Robinson been looking31. -----“Shall I open the window?”-----“I’d rather _________.”A. you had better notB. you don’tC. you shouldn’tD. you didn’t32. ----- “Did you have to go to court?”-----“No, I didn’t, but I would ______ if my lawyer hadn’t been so good.”A. hadB. haveC. beD. do33. If Peter had enough money, he _______ on the trip to Los Angeles.A. would have goneB. wentC. had goneD. would go34. If you had been in Shanghai last month, you ________ the game.A. had seenB. have seenC. had been seenD. would have seen35. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d ______ there by now.A. beB. getC. have got atD. have been36. If the Watergate Incident _______ Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.A. had not occurredB. did not occurC. was not occurringD. would not occur37. Alan _______ the party if he’d gone to London.A. would have missedB. had missedC. could missD. missed38. -----“Your pictures are beautiful!”-----“We _______ more if we hadn’t run out of film.”A. would takeB. had takenC. will have taken C. would have taken39. Peter wishes that he ________ law instead of literature when he was in college.A. had studiedB. studiedC. could studyD. would study40. -----“I couldn’t talk to Mrs. Khandary very well, because my Arabic isn’t very good yet.”-----“_________ there, he would have been able to interpret for you.”A. If John wereB. John had beenC. Had John beenD. Were John41. ___________, Gerald would have been a rich man.A. Was he to enter businessB. Were he entered businessC. Had he entered businessD. If he was to enter business42. _________, we shall go on a picnic.A. Should the weather be fineB. If the weather were fineC. Had the weather been fineD. Were the weather to be fine43. -----“I wish I ________ the orientation program yesterday.”-----“It’s too bad that you _________. We met a lot of people.”A. had attended …didn’tB. had attended …hadn’tC. attended … didn’tD. co uld attend … haven’t44. -----“Do you want me to lend you some money?”-----“I wish you __________, I can pay you back next week.”A. shouldB. didC. mightD. would45. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _______ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. could not have gone46. If their passport _______ all right, they _______ arrested.A. were … wouldn’t beB. had been … wouldn’t have beenC. are… mustn’t beD. should be … wouldn’t be47. If only I _________ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.A. had knownB. would knowC. should knowD. knew48. The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket ______ over it.A. had been thrownB. were thrownC. be thrownD. had thrown49. He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _________.A. was far awayB. had been far awayC. were far awayD. went far away50. If I had only read all the books before I ________ the lecture!A. would have attendedB. attendedC. had attendedD. have attended51. I would have been able to help him, but I _______ so busy.A. wereB. had beenC. wasD. would be52. -----“Where have you been?”-----“I got caught in the traffic; _______ I would have been here sooner.”A. howeverB. althoughC. anywayD. otherwise53. It is desirable that the airplane _______ as light as possible.A. wasB. beC. isD. were54. I _______ do that if I were given the choice.A. would rather notB. would not ratherC. rather notD. had rather not55. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we _________.A. would startB. shall startC. startedD. had start56. -----“Mrs. Williams can speak Japanese.”-----“But she would rather _______ English with us.”A. speakB. spokeC. to speakD. had spoken57. John would rather that Jane _______ to the party yesterday evening.A. did not goB. not goC. had not goneD. wouldn’t gone58. -----“What’s the matter with Harry?”-----“I don’t know, but he certainly looks ______ he had lost his best friend.”A. thatB. so thatC. likeD. as if59. His advice has made the design better than it ________.A. would otherwise have beenB. would be otherwiseC. has otherwise beD. had otherwise been60. -----“I’m surprised to learn that you’re going back.”-----“Yes, I had hoped that I _______ have to g o back again, but I must.”A. didn’tB. wouldn’tC. won’tD. mustn’t辨认并改正错误：1.I should be most happy to go down with you but I was very busy right then. (have been)2.If her great grandfather would have lived three more dayshe would have been 100 years old. (hadlived)3.If George Washington were president today, I would have wondered what he would do about theUnited States’ foreign affairs in the Middle East. (wonder)4.It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass theexamination. (study)5.He gave orders that the horses were made ready at once as he was pressed for time. (should be)6.The scientist thinks it necessary that all the inventions of mankind must be used for good, not for evil.(should)7.We felt like we had lost a friend when the foreman along with his four assistants was unfairly discharged.(felt as if)8.If you went to last night’s game, I am sure that you would have enjoyed seeing our team win. (hadbeen to)9.If you have been living here sin ce 1956, isn’t it about time you start to look for somewhere nicer tolive? (started)10.The law I am referring to requires that everyone who ownsa car has accident insurance. (have)11.I would rather that they did not travel during the bad weather, but they insist that they must returnhome today. (should)12.The political candidate talked as though she has already been elected to the presidency. (had)13.If a crisis was to occur, those unfamiliar with theprocedures would not know how to handle thesituation. (were)14.Many dead people would now be alive if they did not attempt to return for something. (had notattempted)15.Only if Albert had told me before last Friday, I would have given him some help, but now it’s too late.(If only)16.If Monique had not attended the conference, she would never meet her old friend Dan whom she hadnot seen for years. (have met)17.If I brought with me a camera when the accident happened yesterday I might have taken a picture of it myself. (had brought)18.How I wish John knew how to apply grammatical rules properly and recognize the fact that he is nearlyalways in the wrong! (recognized)19.If John were to resign and if Henry were elected to take his place we should have had more vigorousleadership. (删除)20.You may prefer to travel by plane, but if the weather is bad, you might have to use the train instead.(may)翻译下列句子：1．我要是有你这样一个姐姐多好！2．我们万一不能及时完成这个任务怎么办？3．要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音乐会了。

虚拟语气的练习题加答案虚拟语气的练习题加答案虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要概念，用来表达与事实相反或不可能实现的情况。

掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高英语的表达能力和理解能力至关重要。

下面将给出一些虚拟语气的练习题，并附上答案供参考。

练习题一：用虚拟语气填空。

1. If I ________ (be) a bird, I would fly in the sky.2. I wish I ________ (have) a million dollars.3. If she ________ (study) harder, she would pass the exam.4. If I ________ (know) the answer, I would tell you.5. I wish it ________ (not rain) tomorrow.答案：1. were2. had3. studied4. knew5. wouldn't rain练习题二：改写下列句子，使用虚拟语气表达与事实相反的情况。

1. He is not rich, so he can't buy a sports car.2. She is not a good singer, so she can't win the competition.3. They didn't study hard, so they failed the test.4. I don't have a passport, so I can't travel abroad.5. It's not warm, so we can't go swimming.答案：1. If he were rich, he could buy a sports car.2. If she were a good singer, she could win the competition.3. If they had studied hard, they wouldn't have failed the test.4. If I had a passport, I could travel abroad.5. If it were warm, we could go swimming.练习题三：选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

虚拟语气练习题及答案1. 如果我昨天早一点起床，我就不会迟到了。

- 答案：If I had got up earlier yesterday, I wouldn't have been late.2. 他本应该在会议上发言，但他没有准备好。

- 答案：He should have spoken at the meeting, but hewasn't prepared.3. 要是我知道答案，我就会告诉你。

- 答案：If I knew the answer, I would tell you.4. 她希望她能通过这次考试。

- 答案：She wishes she could pass this exam.5. 要是我没有这么多工作，我就可以和你一起去旅行了。

- 答案：If I didn't have so much work, I could go on atrip with you.6. 我们建议他应该更加小心。

- 答案：We suggest that he should be more careful.7. 如果你当时在场，你会怎么做？- 答案：What would you have done if you had been there?8. 要是他早点告诉我，我就能帮他了。

- 答案：If he had told me earlier, I could have helped him.9. 我本应该更加努力地学习。

- 答案：I should have studied harder.10. 要是他没有生病，他就能参加比赛了。

- 答案：If he hadn't been sick, he could haveparticipated in the competition.答案解析- 虚拟语气通常用于表示与现实相反的情况，或者表达愿望、建议等。

- 虚拟语气的构成通常包括“if”引导的条件句和主句中的“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。

练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题Part I. Multiple Choice1. ______ go downtown this afternoon, please post the letter for me.A. Had youB. Were you toC. If you didD. Shall you句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

解析：这是省略了if的条件句，完整的从句为If you were to go downtown this afternoon，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

2. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A. drove, didn’t getB. were driving, wouldn’t getC. drove, wouldn’t getD. had driven, wouldn’t have got句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用would+have done的形式表示虚拟。

3. If it ______ for the snow, we _______ the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. hadn’t been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，下雪及爬山说的都是之前的事情，因此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用could+have done的形式表示虚拟。

虚拟语气简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。

在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。

即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。

如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。

解析：这是错综时间条件句，从句说的是过去听医生的建议，主句说的是现在的 情况。

因此从句中用过去完成时表示对过去事情的假设，主句中用“情态助动词 练习 4：虚拟语气强化练习题Part I. Multiple Choice1. go downtown this afternoon, please post the letter for me.A. Had youB. Were you toC. If you didD. Shall you句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

解析：这是省略了 if 的条件句，完整的从句为 If you were to go downtown this afternoon ，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

2. You didn’t let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove, didn’t getB. were driving, wouldn’t getC. drove, wouldn’t getD. had driven, wouldn’t have got句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中用 过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用 would+have done 的形式表示虚拟。

3. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. hadn’t been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，下雪及爬山说的都是之前的事情，因 此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用 could+have done 的形式表示虚拟。

大学英语词汇与语法练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题—答案及详解．2虚拟语气强化练习题：虚拟语气强化练习题练习4Part I. Multiple Choice______ go downtown this afternoon, please post the letterfor me. 1.D. Shall you A. Had you B. Were you to C. If you did 句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

If you were to go downtown this 的条件句，完整的从句为解析：这是省略了if ，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

afternoon 2. You didn'tlet me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. B.were driving, wouldn't getA. drove, didn't gett C. drove, wouldn't get D. had driven, wouldn't have go句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中的形式表示虚拟。

用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用would+have done3. If it ______for the snow, we _______ the mountain yesterday.B. were not, could climb A. were not, could have climbed D. hadn't been, could climbC. hadn't been, could have climbed句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。