Unit 4TrainA train is a connected series of vehicles for rail transport that move along a track to transport cargo or passengers from one place to another. The track usually consists of two rails, but might also be a monorail or maglev guideway.Propulsion for the train is provided by a separate locomotive. Most modern trains are powered by diesel locomotives, although historically (from the early 19th century to the mid-20th century) the steam locomotive was the dominant form of locomotive power.There are various types of train designed for particular purposes. A train can consist of one or more locomotives and attached railroad cars.A passenger train may consist of one or several locomotives, and one or more coaches. Passenger trains travel between stations, at which passengers may board and disembark. In most cases, passenger trains operate on a fixed schedule and have superior track occupancy rights over freight trains.Oversight of a passenger train is the responsibility of the conductor. He or she is usually assisted by other crew members, such as service attendants or porters. During the heyday of North American passenger rail travel, long distance trains carried two conductors: the aforementioned train conductor, and a Pullman conductor, the latter being in charge of sleeping car personnel.Some passenger trains, both long distance and short distanced, may use bi-level (double-decker) cars to carry more passengers per train. Car design and the general safety of passenger trains have dramatically evolved over time, making travel by rail remarkably safe.Freight trains comprise wagons , though some parcel and mail trains are more like passenger trains. Much of the world's freight is transported by train, and in the United States the rail system is used more for transporting freight than passengers. Under the right circumstances, transporting freight by train is highly economic, and also more energy efficient than transporting freight byroad. Rail freight is most economic when freight is being carried in bulk and over long distances, but is less suited to short distances and small loads.译文列车列车是铁路运输中连接起来的一组车辆，它们在轨道上行驶，从一地向另一地运输旅客或货物。
Unit 4Key to ExercisesSection APassage AII. Reading Comprehension1. Based on what you have learned from the text, decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) in the text.1) F They often head for their favorite vacation spots when holidays come.2) F From past to present, American people have been the people on the move.3) T4) T5) T6) F Most trips are environmental-friendly and pay great attention to protecting the sensitivenatural balance.7) F Americans, like some other peoples, like traveling, but it’s hard to say which people likestraveling most.8) TIII. Vocabulary and Structure1. Select words from what are given and fill in the blanks with their proper forms.（1）move (2 )territory (3) average （4）have commuted （5）multitude（6 ）appealing （7）head （8 ）resorts （9）thrill （10）disturbing2. Choose the right word and complete the sentence with its proper form.1）（1）emigrated 他已经放弃了他的美国国籍并移民到中国。
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程第四册Unit4课后练习答案Unit 4Text AText rganization1.2.Main Events1.Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2.Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not anaccident of birth.3.Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital,labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4.Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnectedmarket-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.VocabularyI.1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2. 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest carmaker.3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with hiswife over money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.5.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleIII. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didn ’t notice the car till too late wasunsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. C loning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A) 1. academics 3.a variety of 5. vanish 7. endorsing 9. sweeping aside 11. erasing(B)1. aided2.effects3.distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing8. qualitatively 9. volume 10. Distinguishing2. networking 4. growth 6. facilitate 8. outlook 10. patriotic 12. strike a balance2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.2．Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links betweenChinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish. Part III Text BComprehension Check1. c2. a3. b4. b5. c6. dTranslation1.如果9/11 有什么引⼈注⽬的地⽅，那就是恐怖主义者们来⾃世界上全球化程度最低、最不开放、融合程度最低的地⽅：沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿富汗和巴基斯坦西北部。
Unit 4学英语既有乐趣又有回报文学的研究——包含对哲学、宗教、历史事件的发展和观念由来的研究，不仅是文明的，并且有教化作用，而且是流行的和实际的。
在所有从文理学院毕业并获得学士学位的人中，有六分之一的主修英语。
让人惊异的是可，这些毕业生能胜任范围相当广泛的工作。
他们的经验表明，这种广泛流行的偏见是错误的，即英语专业的学生只能从事新闻或教学工作：事实上，主修英语的学生也为未来从事法律、医学、商业和公职等职业做了相当好的准备。
有人时常劝告期望上法学院或医学院的大学生要学习与他们的择业有直接联系的严格指定的课程。
有人还建议未来法学院的学生应该选修政治、历史、会计、商业管理，甚至人体解刨学、婚姻和家庭生活等课程。
未来医学院的学生被引导去学习多种理科课程，实际上，这些课程比他们考入医学院所需要的理科课程要多得多。
令人惊讶的是，许多法学院和医学院却指出，如此专门化的准备不但没有必要，而且并不可取。
没有什么“法律预科”课程：上法学院和从事法律行业的最好的准备是培养学生能够进行批判性的思考；能够进行清晰的合乎逻辑的自我表达，能够对他人的动机、行动和思想进行敏锐的分析。
这些技能也正是英语专业要教给学生掌握的技能。
此外，要进入法学院就读，通常需要具有合格院校颁发的学士学位，还需要拿到最低限度的各课平均积分点，并和在法学院录取考试中取得一个通得过的分数。
这项测试包括三个部分：首先是测试阅读理解、图形分类和书面材料评估等能力。
测试的第二部分是考核对英语语法和词汇用法的掌握能力，组织书面材料的能力和文字编辑的能力。
第三个部分是检验学生的文学、艺术、音乐、自然科学和社会科学的一般知识。
显而易见，主修英语的学生参加法学院的录取考试回得心应手。
至于医学院，入学要求的一条知识修满32个学时的理科课程。
这一要求对主修英语的学生来说肯定不成问题。
另外，许多医学院校要求学生必须在医学院入学考试中取得规定的最低分，这一测试对全面发展的文科学生来说有十分有利。
