2015年江苏省高考物理试卷解析

2015年江苏省高考物理试卷 解析

江苏省2015年普通高等学校统一招生考试

物理试题

哈尔滨师范大学附属中学 张波 150080

第I卷(选题题部分，共计31分)

一、单项选择题:本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分(每小题只有一个选项符合题意(

[2015?江苏卷，1]一电器中的变压器可视为理想变压器，它将220V交变电流改变为110V(已

知变压器原线圈匝数为800，则副线圈匝数为

A(200 B(400 C(1600 D(3200 【答案】B

220800 [解析] 理想变压器原、副线圈电压与匝数成正比～有～所以=400～B正确。 n,2110n2

【考点分类】第十章 交变电流，传感器

考点2(变压器、电能的输送

【试题难度】低档题.

[2015?江苏卷，2]静电现象在自然界中普遍存在，我国早在西汉末年已有对静电现象的记载(《春秋纬?考异邮》中有“玳瑁吸”之说，但下列不属于静电现象的是 (((

A(梳过头发的塑料梳子吸起纸屑

B(带电小球移至不带电金属球附近，两者相互吸引

C(小线圈接近通电电线过程中，小线圈中产生电流

D(从干燥的地毯上走过，手碰到金属把手时有被电击的感觉 【答案】C

[解析] 静电现象是静止的电荷之间通过电场发生相互作用而产生的现象。带电体吸引轻小物体是静电现象～A不选。带电小球与发生了静电感应的不带电金属球上的感应电荷总体相互吸引～是静电现象～B不选。小线圈接近通电电线过程中～小线圈中产生电流是电磁感应现象～C选。与地毯摩擦使人体带电和手与金属把手的静电放电都是静电现象～D不选。 【考点分类】第六章 静电场

考点1(电场力的性质

【试题难度】低档题.

[2015?江苏卷，3]过去几千年来，人类对行星的认识与研究仅限于太阳系内，行星“51 peg b”

的发现拉开了研究太阳系外行星的序幕(“51 peg b”绕其中心恒星做匀速圆周运动，周

1期约为4天，轨道半径约为地球绕太阳运动半径的(该中心恒星与太阳的质量比约20

为

1A( B(1 10

C(5 D(10

influence and the weak. In recent years, diversification of sources

of rural middle school teachers, teachers ' professional qualities and

also more uneven, and many young teachers lack expertise, competition

consciousness and ability in the workplace also lead directly to the

loss of students, affecting the social reputation of the school, to the

construction and management of rural middle school teachers sounds the

alarm. Therefore, in a certain sense, attention to professional growth of young teachers in middle schools in villages and towns, focus on the

future development of rural middle school. According to yingde green

Tang town middle school Township middle school young teachers

professional development research subject research programme, we subject

group in objective real, and science actual, and development need of

principles, design survey questionnaire, full volume total 69 problem,

main content is divided into three a part: first part: basic information

second part: teachers professional development status, and is divided

into eight a part: a, and teachers expertise and skills II, and teachers

workload and burden three, and education resources and textbook using

four, and research and teaching situation five, and The six teaching

reflective behaviors of teachers, teachers ' learning and training in

seven, teachers on the professional identity of eight, the leisure part

teacher professional development of teachers through questionnaires,

questionnaires, record computer processes such as statistical analysis,

cost of the sky survey report. Second, the purpose of the investigation,

methods and objects (a) the purpose of the survey the purpose of the

survey is that real, comprehensive, fully understand our school (if

there

【答案】B

223Mm4,r4,r[解析] 对绕中心天体做匀速圆周运动的星体有:～整理有

即,M,Gm222GTrT

3232,,,,MTr1365,,,,恒星行星地球,,,,～B正确。 ,,,1,,,,,,,,MrT204,,,,行星太阳地球,,,, 【考点分类】第四章 曲线运动，万有引力和航天

考点4(万有引力和航天

【试题难度】中档题.

[2015?江苏卷，4]如图所示，用天平测量匀强磁场的磁感应强

度(下列各选项所示的载流线圈匝数相同，边长MN相等，

将它们分别挂在天平的右臂下方(线圈中通有大小相同的电

流，天平处于平衡状态(若磁场发生微小变化，天平最容易× ×

失去平衡的是 ( ) ×

× × M N ×

× × × × × × × × × × × × M N M N × × × N M× × × ×

× × × × ×

A( B( C( D(

【答案】A

[解析] 每个线圈都有三段边受安培力～A中两段侧边所受安培力恰好平衡～B、C、D中两段侧边所受安培力的水平分力都平衡～而B、C中两端侧边所受安培力的竖直分力抵消了与它们在MN边上的射影等长的边受的安培力～且B中的侧边的射影长所以抵消得多。D中的两段侧边所受的安培力的竖直分力也与它们在水平面上的射影的长度相等的边所受的安培力且与线圈底边所受的安培力同向～但总的等效的受力边长比MN边短～所以A正确。 【考点分类】第八章 磁场

考点1(磁场的描述，磁场对电流的作用

【试题难度】中档题.

[2015?江苏卷，5]如图所示，某“闯关游戏”的笔直通道上每隔8 m设计有一个关卡，各关 卡同步放行和关闭(放行和关闭的时间分关卡1 关卡2 关卡3 关卡4 关卡5

别为5s和2s(关卡刚放行时，一同学立即

2在关卡1处以加速度2m/s由静止加速到

2m/s，然后匀速向前，则最先挡住他前进8m 8m 8m 8m 的关卡是

A(关卡2 B(关卡3

C(关卡4 D(关卡5

【答案】C

2v2vt,,,1s,,1[解析] 该同学加速过程s m 到达关卡2的时间11a22a

influence and the weak. In recent years, diversification of sources

of rural middle school teachers, teachers ' professional qualities and

also more uneven, and many young teachers lack expertise, competition

consciousness and ability in the workplace also lead directly to the

loss of students, affecting the social reputation of the school, to the

construction and management of rural middle school teachers sounds the

alarm. Therefore, in a certain sense, attention to professional growth

of young teachers in middle schools in villages and towns, focus on the

future development of rural middle school. According to yingde green

Tang town middle school Township middle school young teachers

professional development research subject research programme, we subject

group in objective real, and science actual, and development need of

principles, design survey questionnaire, full volume total 69 problem,

main content is divided into three a part: first part: basic information

second part: teachers professional development status, and is divided

into eight a part: a, and teachers expertise and skills II, and teachers