山西省晋城市城区晋城市第一中学校2022-2023学年高二上学期11月月考英语试题

山西省晋城市2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题一、阅读理解If you want free phone calls, here are some of the best free apps to meet your needs. XXchat XXchat is well known for its Text ing and picture sending capabilities, but you can also make free audio and video calls with your XXchat contacts. Enter the chat mode with one of your contacts by tapping the conversation once or opening a new chat window. Then, use the phone icon to instantly call them for free over Wi-Fi or your device’s data connection.Since you can only call other XXchat users, you can’t use the app to call home phones or devices that aren’t using the app. TelescopeTelescope is another extremely popular ape for encrypted (加密的) Text messaging and calls. It’s really easy to use, and the Text ing featured are available anywhere you log in (登录), whether on the web or through the desk top or mobile ape. A popular feature in this app is groups. You can have up to 200, 000 people in a single group! Sky worldSky world is a popular messaging service that works on desk top and mobile platforms. To create contacts required recipients to already have an account. It’s easy to create a Sky world account in Windows or other platforms. Not only is Internet calling supported, but also video calls and Text messages to any other users. It’s an easy-to-use ape that has proven itself worthy over the many years it’ been around. TextText is a mobile ape that can send and receive free phone calls from other users. You can also Text any phone because you’re given an actual number to use. To make phone calls to non-users, like land line phones. You need to buy or earn redeem able (可兑换的) credits.Since you only need an email address to set up your account, it works with device that might not have a phone number.1．What is a downside of XXchat?A．It is complex to operate.B．Its connection is limited.C．It needs two chat windows.D．It can only be used to Text.2．What does Telescope feature?A．Group calls.B．One-on-one talk,C．No log in needed.D．Universal accounts.3．Which ape allows users to earn credits?A．XXchat.B．Telescope.C．Sky world.D．Text.In Cedars, Pennsylvania, a cafe is giving disabled people with different abilities and their families a safe and inclusive space to shine. Created in 2022, the cafe was a response to the need in the community for programs that would enable youth with special needs to develop social and professional skills in a safe environment.The cafe was the idea of Pennsylvania mom Maureen Stanko, a teacher, fitness instructor, and musician, who was concerned about her son Nick, who has autism (孤独症) and food allergies, and what he would be able to do after graduation. In Pennsylvania, students with disabilities can stay in school until age 22, but worrying about Nick’s future is what keeps Stanko up at night.Stanko was so worried that she spoke to Nick’s therapist, Tyler Kammerle, who had dreamed about opening a restaurant to employ people with disabilities. The two worked together to make this a reality. Two years later, the So Much To Give Inclusive Cafe was born. It employed 63 people and 80 percent of them have some form of disability.The cafe is more than just a space to work; it’s also a place for people with disabilities and their families to dine. “We’d never even taken Nick to a restaurant before because we wouldn’t spend all this money to eat out to be completely stressed out,” Stanko said. “This cafe has taught Nick how to sit in a restaurant. And now we have a place to go, where if he stands up and starts hopping or clapping, nobody cares.”The inclusive cafe has made a real difference in people’s lives. One of the staff, Lauren Oppelts, who is hearing impaired, said, “If you told me two years ago that I would be a server, I wouldn’t believe you. But now I have gained so much self-confidence. A lot of employees here have changed so much; it’s just mind-blowing.”4．Why did Stanko and Tyler Kammerle establish the cafe?A．To serve people with various abilities.B．To provide a place for family occasions.C．To instruct graduates in professional skills.D．To offer employment to youth with special needs.5．What was Stanko’s concern about taking Nick to a restaurant?A．The cost of dining out.B．The noisy customers in restaurants.C．The lack of an inclusive environment.D．The food allergies Nick is suffering from.6．How has working at the cafe affected Lauren Oppelts?A．She has taken to socializing.B．She has grown more positive.C．She has become experienced in cooking.D．She has recovered from her hearing disability.7．Which of the following best describes Stanko?A．Caring and responsible.B．Ambitious and devoted.C．Determined and sensitive.D．Tough and reliable.An artificial intelligence (AI) tool of street view could be used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease — a condition where the heart’s arteries (动脉) are blocked, limiting blood flow to the heart by analysing neighbourhood environments, according to research.A study, published in the European Heart Journal, monitored everyday surroundings, including the quality of roads, buildings, and green spaces, and the role they play in determining heart health. Researchers were able to track the link between these environmental elements, including the presence or absence of pollution, and the risk of coronary heart disease. They found that these neighbourhood characteristics could account for 63% of the differences in heart disease risk from one community to another.The discovery stems from analysing more than half a million AI street view images across US cities, using computer vision to identify and interpret details that might go unnoticed by the human eye. The data provides urban planners and public health officials with information to design healthier living spaces and neighbourhoods.“Undoubtedly, there is a vast amount of social, economic and environmental data set,” said one of the study's authors, Prof Sanjay Rajagopalan. “However, there still remain significant gap s in our knowledge regarding unique environmental aspects of data that are currently beyond human comprehension. This is where the use of computer vision approaches may enable uniqueunderstanding of the physical and built environment.”By employing AI, researchers have been able to examine the details of neighbourhoods’ environment. The study employed computer vision technology, including applications used in medical imaging and autonomous driving, to identify details and then interpret them to make predictions or decisions.“We are getting to a place in human civilization where traditional approaches that have been used are rather limited and the use of AI to enhance human understanding is going to be critically important at solving complex problems,” Prof Rajagopalan said.8．What is the finding of the study?A．How people can prevent heart diseases.B．How environments affect heart health.C．How AI can reduce heart disease risks.D．How the heart's arteries are blocked. 9．What can the finding of the study help to do?A．Promote computer technology.B．Reduce air and water pollution.C．Design green neighbourhoods.D．Advertise for an AI company.10．Why was computer vision used in the study?A．The researchers had no environmental data.B．It had solved some environmentalproblems.C．People ignored the environment they live in.D．It helped people understand theenvironment.11．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．The development of AI for hospitals B．The medical use of a street view toolC．The insight into healthy neighbourhoods D．The link between the heart and environmentForests have been embraced as a natural climate solution, due to their ability to soak up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow, locking it up in their trunks, branches, leaves, and roots. But a new study confirms widespread doubts about the potential for most forests in the Western US to help control climate change.Published in Earth’s Future, the paper analyzed trends in carbon storage across the American West from 2005 to 2019. Led by Jazlynn Hall, a forest and landscape ecologist at Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, the team found that throughout most of the region, climate changeand fires may be causing forests to store less carbon, not more.“There’s a growing trend to use forests as natural climate solutions,” said Hall. “Many climate mitigation (减轻) pathways rely in part on additional forest carbon storage to keep warming below 1.5℃ this century. We wanted to provide a baseline for how much carbon is currently stored in Western forests, how it’s changing, and how disturbances like fire and drought pose a threat to climate mitigation targets.”The authors warn that many Western forests could see a rapid acceleration of carbon loss in the coming years or decades. “These challenges have the potential to compromise carbon storage capacity and weaken our ability to mitigate climate change, Hah cautions.By providing a fire-new view of threats at landscape and regional levels, Hall and colleagues provide a framework (框架) that could help forest managers adapt site-specific strategies to strengthen forest resilience (复原力). They also identify the remaining areas with the lowest risk and highest potential to store carbon, such as the Pacific Northwest.“Our study develops new methods to carefully estimate forest-carbon storage at a regional level, track it over time, and find out the causes of changes over time,” said Hall. He expects the methods will be useful in monitoring carbon storage levels going forward, as well as assessing the carbon impacts of management efforts such as forest thinning and planned burning.12．What does the underlined phrase “soak up” in paragraph 1 mean?A．Put down.B．Take in.C．Bring up.D．Give out. 13．Why was the study conducted?A．To find the best forests for carbon storage.B．To promote forests’ carbon storage capacity.C．To assess the current situation of forests.D．To measure the carbon released into forests. 14．What can we say about the future trend of Western forests?A．Carbon loss will speed up.B．They will become more resilient.C．They will store more carbon.D．They will have no impact on climate. 15．What is the primary function of Hall’s framework for forest management?A．Predicting future forest growth rates.B．Identifying high- risk areas for protection.C．Mapping all the forests in the Western US.D．Helping managers adapt strategies to forests.I am often struck by the thought that there is this huge life enhancing potential available to everyone on the planet that maybe we don’t always take great advantage of. 16 Through it, we help ourselves and others by sharing the things we have learned.17 I have been teaching and preaching from the time when it occurred to me that I had some really great stuff to share. But, strangely, it took me a long time to really identify what it was that I was doing, at least enough to put it into words.So, I’d like to share with you my thoughts on why teaching and sharing your knowledge can be so important to you as well as to the people around you. 18 See whether it profoundly enhanced so many parts of your life, even in the areas you’re already super successful in.Here is what makes teaching so great for the person doing the teaching. Any goal, habit, human quality, or desire that you start preaching, teaching, or pontificating about will automatically, and almost without effort, push you to do more of it yourself. 19 It pushes you to do what you are encouraging and teaching others to do. I am totally convinced this will, and does, work that way for everyone.What knowledge do you have, or have you learned that you want to be reminded and pushed to improve in your life? If you want to do better at it, there will be plenty of others that will want to do better at it too. 20A．It’s our ability to teach other people.B．We just need to talk and teach others about it.C．Doing this has been changing and helping my life for years now.D．Please, think deeply about this and then put it into practice in any way you can.E．Be sure to write down your goals and objectives as well so you can stay on track.F．The knowledge you share, whether spoken or written, is like a truth drug for the mind. G．So, why not teach and share what you know and help yourself do better and better at these things?二、完形填空Five years ago, Anna Lee, a cultural worker from Washington, D．C．, bought a vase for $3.99 at a thrifty shop. She felt the vase was 21 to Mexico, a country she focuses on, and liked keeping it as a 22 .In January, Anna Lee 23 a business trip to Mexico. While at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City, she was surprised to find vases that 24 resembled (像) the one she had bought for less than $4. Struck by the 25 , she sought advice from a 26 worker on handling artifacts from that era.Unsure they were 27 Mayan (玛雅人的) artifacts, she discussed them with someone in the museum officer. Upon returning home, Anna Lee 28 the Mexican Embassy, sending them photos and measurements of the vase. Embassy anthropologists verified (证实) it as a nearly 2, 000-year-old ceremonial urn (瓮) from the 29 Mayan civilization.Having known the 30 about the artifact, Anna decided to help 31 the artifact to its country. She safely transported the vase to the embassy, where Mexico’s Ambassador to the US eagerly waited to 32 it back to Mexico.Anna emphasized that returning the vase to Mexico held greater personal 33 than any potential financial gain. She stated that giving it back felt more fulfilling than 34 it for a significant sum. “It’s really important to recognize that some of these things, especially with such historical and 35 value to an entire country and people — you can’t really put a number on that,” she said.21．A．attached B．connected C．engaged D．exposed 22．A．partner B．style C．case D．reminder 23．A．went on B．got around C．set in D．picked up 24．A．merely B．properly C．closely D．rarely 25．A．generality B．popularity C．reality D．similarity 26．A．museum B．library C．transport D．campus 27．A．worthy B．authentic C．suitable D．advanced 28．A．invited B．admired C．witnessed D．contacted 29．A．unique B．powerful C．ancient D．independent 30．A．truth B．opinion C．event D．reason31．A．show B．address C．sell D．return 32．A．throw B．send C．hide D．relate 33．A．clue B．interest C．value D．dream 34．A．selling B．keeping C．enjoying D．sewing 35．A．legal B．traditional C．digital D．cultural三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.CGTN, Updated20: 58, 01- May -2024, WednesdayChina’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe(探测器) is ready to be launched in two days after it completed a final systematic joint rehearsal (预演) on Wednesday. Different departments, 36 included the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province, the Beijing Aerospace Control Center, the Xi’an Satellite Control Center, and the Yuanwang space-tracking ship, 37 (participate) in the rehearsal.The flight is scheduled for launch on May 3, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA) on Wednesday. The rehearsal was conducted 38 (ensure) smooth cooperation between the different organizations during the launch of the probe.A Long March 5 carrier rocket, with the 8.2- metric-tonne Chang’e 6probe on top, 39 (move) on Saturday morning to its launch tower at the Wenchang Space Launch Center. Before Wednesday’s rehearsal, the launch site had already organized and completed a series of tests, including 40 (fuel) the rocket.The launch site also organized 41 pre-launch meteorological (气象学的) consultation for the mission as Wenchang is transitioning iron a dry to a rainy season. The meteorological system also has initiated stimulation exercises 42 advance and has strengthened the monitoring of data 43 (associate) with thunderstorms and heavy rain in the launch site area and its surroundings lately.44 (additional), they are closely monitoring small changes in the shallow wind field around important buildings in 45 (prepare) for the coming launch on May 3.四、书信写作46．假定你是李华，上周六，你参加了校书法比赛。

山西省晋城市2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考语文试题考生注意：1.本试卷共150分，考试时间150分钟。

2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。

3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。

材料一：随着西方艺术史研究的不断深入，大量理论、研究方法被引入国内，对中国艺术史研究的发展产生了一系列深刻的影响。

一方面，中国艺术史研究借鉴西方经验，引入了许多研究方法和理论，如社会历史学、文化研究、后现代主义等，这些方法和理论帮助中国艺术史研究者更好地分析和解读艺术作品，关注艺术与社会、文化、政治等方面的关系，研究领域不断扩大。

受新艺术史研究的影响，中国艺术史研究者开始关注非传统的艺术领域，如民间艺术、当代艺术、女性艺术等，这种拓展使中国艺术史的研究更加多元化和综合化，进一步丰富了中国艺术史的研究内容。

例如，在分析绘画中的女性形象时，研究者会更多地结合作品的历史背景和女性心理学，分析作品的精神内涵，尝试解释其中的历史、文化、政治因素，而不是仅仅停留在笔触、品质等层面，这显示出我国美术史研究发生的深刻变化。

另一方面，艺术史研究的对象范围逐渐扩大，现代中国艺术史研究的视野早已不再局限于研究内部艺术变化，如风格、样式、语言、技法，而是扩展外向型研究；艺术史的研究方法也不再局限于本学科的理论方法，而是选择跨学科的方法和理论体系，如符号学、社会学、心理学等。

受西方艺术史研究的影响，中国艺术史研究者与国际学术界进行了更加广泛的交流，这种跨文化的对话促进了不同文化间的艺术交流和相互借鉴，拓宽了中国艺术史研究的视野，促使中国艺术史研究者对传统的艺术史观念和叙述进行批判和反思，推动了中国艺术史研究的发展。

总之，西方艺术史研究包括新艺术史研究，对中国艺术领域产生了广泛而深远的影响。

它为中国艺术史研究提供了新的研究方法和理论，拓展了研究领域，激发了中国艺术史研究者的理论创新和批判精神，使中国艺术史研究更加多元化、综合化和国际化。

2022-2023学年山西省晋城市第二中学校高二上学期12月月考数学试题一、单选题1．抛物线28y x =的焦点到其准线的距离为（ ） A ．132B ．116 C ．18D ．4【答案】B【分析】将抛物线方程转化为标准方程求解.【详解】解：抛物线的标准方程为218x y =， 所以焦点坐标为10,32F ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，其准线方程为132y =-，所以抛物线28y x =的焦点到其准线的距离为111323216d ⎛⎫=--= ⎪⎝⎭， 故选：B2．若直线1:20l x y -+=与直线2:230l x ay +-=平行，则实数a 的值为（ ） A ．2- B ．1- C ．2 D ．1【答案】A【分析】解方程1(1)20a ⨯--⨯=即得解. 【详解】解：由题得1(1)20, 2.a a ⨯--⨯=∴=- 经检验，当2a =-时，满足题意. 故选：A3．已知直线3260x y --=经过焦点在坐标轴上的椭圆的两个顶点，则该椭圆的方程为（ ） A ．22194x y +=B ．22419x y +=C ．22194y x +=D ．22419y x +=【答案】C【分析】求出直线3260x y --=与两坐标轴的焦点为()0,3-，()2,0.根据32->，可设椭圆的方程为22221y x a b+=，求出,a b 即可. 【详解】令0x =，可得=3y -；令0y =，可得2x =. 则由已知可得，椭圆的两个顶点坐标为()0,3-，()2,0.因为32->，所以椭圆的焦点在y 轴上. 设椭圆的方程为22221y x a b +=，则3a =，2b =，所以椭圆的方程为22194y x +=.故选：C.4．若方程222141x y m m-=-+表示焦点在y 轴上的双曲线，则实数m 的取值范围为（ ）A ．()2-∞-，B ．()21--，C ．()22-，D ．()11-，【答案】A【分析】原方程可变形为222141y x m m ---=-，根据已知有21040m m -->⎧⎨-+>⎩，解出即可. 【详解】因为方程222141x y m m -=-+表示焦点在y 轴上的双曲线， 222141x y m m -=-+可变形为222141y x m m ---=-. 所以有21040m m -->⎧⎨-+>⎩，即21040m m +<⎧⎨->⎩，解得2m <-. 故选：A. 5．数列262,4,,203--，…的一个通项公式可以是（ ） A ．()12nn a n =-⋅ B ．()311n nn a n-=-⋅C ．()1221n nn a n+-=-⋅D ．()31n nn na n⋅-=-【答案】B【分析】利用检验法，由通项公式验证是否符合数列的各项结合排除法即可. 【详解】选项A ：()331236a =-⨯⨯=-，不符合题意； 选项C ：()212222132a +-=-⨯=不符合题意； 选项D ：()222327122a -=-⨯=，不符合题意； 而选项B 满足数列262,4,,203--，故选：B6．在棱长为2的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，E 是1CC 的中点，则1AE BD ⋅=（ ）A ．0B ．1C ．32D ．2【答案】D【分析】建立空间直角坐标系，利用坐标法求解即可. 【详解】解：如图，建立空间直角坐标系， 则()()()()12,0,0,0,2,1,2,2,0,0,0,2A E B D ， 所以，()()12,2,1,2,2,2AE BD =-=--， 所以，14422AE BD ⋅=-+=. 故选：D7．在数列{}n a 中，122,a a a ==，且132(2,N )n n a a n n n *+=-++≥∈，若数列{}n a 单调递增，则实数a 的取值范围为（ ） A ．（2，52）B ．（2，3）C ．（52，4）D ．（2，4）【答案】C【分析】由递推关系，结合条件122,a a a ==，求出数列的通项公式，再结合数列的单调性，列不等式可求实数a 的取值范围.【详解】因为132(2,N )n n a a n n n *+=-++≥∈，所以()21312(N )n n a a n n *++=-+++∈，328a a =-+，所以23(2,N )n n a a n n *+=+≥∈，又2a a =， 328a a =-+，所以数列{}n a 的偶数项按项数从小到大排列可得一公差为3的等差数列，所以当n 为偶数时，332n a n a =+-， 当n 为大于等于3的奇数时，3722n a n a =+-， 因为数列{an }单调递增，所以1n n a a -≥(2,N )n n *≥∈，所以当n 为大于等于3的奇数时，()37313222n a n a +->-+-，化简可得4a <，当n 为大于等于4偶数时，()33731222n a n a +->-+-，解得52a >，由21a a >可得，2a >， 所以542a <<， 故选：C.8．已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b +=>>的左，右顶点分别为A ，B ，且椭圆C，点P是椭圆C 上的一点，且1tan 4PAB ∠=，则tan APB ∠（ ）A ．109-B ．1110-C ．1110D ．109【答案】B【分析】设()00,P x y 是椭圆上的点，设11tan 4k PAB =∠=，2tan k PBA =-∠求出12k k ⋅为定值，从而能求出tan PBA ∠的值，然后根据()tan tan APB PAB PBA ∠=-∠+∠求解. 【详解】设()00,P x y 代入椭圆方程，则()22002210x y a b a b+=>>整理得：()2222002,b y a x a=-设11tan 4k PAB =∠=，2tan k PBA =-∠ 又010y k x a =+，020y k x a=-,所以 ()22222000122222000116y y y b a c k k e x a x a x a a a -⋅=⋅==-=-=--=-+-- 而11tan 4k PAB =∠=，所以22tan 3k PBA =-∠=-，所以2tan 3PBA ∠=()12tan tan 1143tan tan 121tan tan 10143PAB PBA APB PAB PBA PAB PBA +∠+∠∠=-∠+∠=-=-=--∠⋅∠-⨯ 故选：B二、多选题9．在等比数列{n a }中，262,32a a ==，则{n a }的公比可能为（ ） A ．1- B ．2-C ．2D ．4【答案】BC【分析】根据等比数列的通项即可求解.【详解】因为在等比数列{n a }中，262,32a a ==，设等比数列的公比为q ，则54611216a a q q a q a ===，所以2q =±， 故选：BC .10．已知圆226430C x y x y +-+-=：，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．圆C 的半径为16B ．圆C 截x 轴所得的弦长为C ．圆C 与圆E ：()()22621x y -+-=相外切D ．若圆C 上有且仅有两点到直线340x y m ++=的距离为1，则实数m 的取值范围是()()19,2426,21⋃--【答案】BC【分析】先运用配方法将一般式方程化为标准方程，可确定其圆心个半径;根据点到弦的距离可求出弦长；圆心距和半径的关系可确定圆与圆的位置关系；圆心到直线的距离与半径之间的数量关系可确定圆C 上有且仅有两点到直线的距离为1【详解】A:将一般式配方可得：()()223216,4x y r -++=∴=，A 错；B ：圆心到x 轴的距离为2，弦长为B 对；C:5,C E CE r r ===+外切，C 对；D: 圆C 上有且仅有两点到直线340x y m ++=的距离为111,35r d r ∴-<<+∴<<，解之: ()()14,2426,16m ∈⋃--,D 错；故选：BC11．已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，公差为d ，且151416S S S <<，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．0d > B ．0d <C ．300S >D ．当15n =时，n S 取得最小值【答案】ACD【分析】根据题干条件利用()12n n n a S S n -=-≥可得到150a <，15160a a +>，160a >，然后即可根据三个结论依次判断四个选项的正误.【详解】因为151416S S S <<，所以1515140a S S =-<，1616150a S S =->，151616140a a S S +=->. 对于A 、B 选项，因为150a <，160a >，所以16150d a a =->，故选项A 正确，选项B 错误； 对于C ，因为15160a a +>，所以()()130301516301502a a S a a +==+>，故选项C 正确； 对于D ，因为150a <，160a >，可知10a <，0d >，等差数列{}n a 为递增数列，当15n ≤时，0n a <，当16n ≥时，0n a >，所以当15n =时，n S 取得最小值，故D 选项正确. 故选：ACD.12．已知抛物线C ：212y x =，点F 是抛物线C 的焦点，点P 是抛物线C 上的一点，点(4,3)M ，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．抛物线C 的准线方程为3x =-B ．若7PF =，则△PMF 的面积为32C ．|PF PM -|D ．△PMF 的周长的最小值为7【答案】ACD【分析】根据抛物线的标准方程可得准线方程为3x =-，即可判断A ，根据抛物线定义得到4P x =，故P 点可能在第一象限也可能在第三象限，分情况计算三角形面积即可判断B ，利用三角形任意两边之差小于第三边结合三点一线的特殊情况即可得到()max ||||PF PM F M -∴=，计算即可判断C ，三角形PMF 的周长PM MF PF PM PF =++=+||||PM PF +的最小值，即得到周长最小值.【详解】212y x =，6p ∴=，()3,0F ∴，准线方程为3x =-，故A 正确； 根据抛物线定义得372P P pPF x x =+=+=，4P x =，()4,3M ,//PM y ∴轴，当4x =时，y =±若P 点在第一象限时，此时(4,P ,故433PM =-，PMF △的高为1，故()1343312322PMFS=⨯-⨯=-， 若点P 在第四象限，此时()4,43P -，故433PM =+，PMF △的高为1，故()1343312322PMFS=⨯+⨯=+，故B 错误； ||||PF PM MF -≤，()()()22max 433010||||M P F PF M ∴+--==-=,故C 正确；（连接FM ，并延长交于抛物线于点P ，此时即为||||PF PM -最大值的情况， 图对应如下）过点P 作PD ⊥准线，垂足为点D ，PMF △的周长1010PM MF PF PM PF PM PD =++=++若周长最小，则PM PD +长度和最小，显然当点,,P M D 位于同一条直线上时，PM MF +的和最小，此时7PM MF PD +==,故周长最小值为710D 正确. 故选：ACD.三、填空题13．在各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 中，121916a a =，则28223log log a a +=___________. 【答案】4【分析】由条件，结合等比数列性质可得82316a a =，再对数运算性质求28223log log a a +即可.【详解】因为数列{}n a 为等比数列，所以3122198a a a a =， 又121916a a =，所以82316a a =， 所以2822328234log log log a a a a ==+， 故答案为：4.14．已知向量(2,4,)m a =，(1,,3)n b =-，若n m λ=，则 ||n m -=___________.【答案】【分析】根据n m λ=，列出1243b a λλλ-=⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，分别求出,,a b λ，然后得到,m n ，进而计算，可求出||n m -的值.【详解】n m λ=，故1243b a λλλ-=⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，解得1226b a λ⎧=-⎪⎪=-⎨⎪=-⎪⎩，故(2,4,6)m =-，(1,2,3)n =--，(3,6,9)n m -=--，则||(3)n m -=-=故答案为：15．在数列{}n a ，{}n b 中，112a =，3110a =，且11112(2)n n n n a a a -++=≥，记数列{bn }的前n 项和为Sn ，且122n n S +=-，则数列{}n n a b ⋅的最小值为___________.【答案】23【分析】可由题意构建1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭为等差，求出n a 通项公式，{}n b 可由1n n S S --得出n b 的通项公式，再利用作差法求出新数列n n a b ⋅单调性即可求出最小值.【详解】由11112(2)n n nn a a a -++=≥可得111111n n n n a a a a +--=-，即数列1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭为等差数列，设公差为d ， 首项112a =，311121028d a a =-=-=，可得4d =，则12(1)442n n n a =+-⨯=-，即142n a n =-， 由122n n S +=-，可得当2n ≥时，11222n n nn n n b S S +-=-=-=，112b S ==，代入后符合2n n b =，即{}n b 的通项公式为2n n b =，设新数列{}n c ，242nn n n c a b n ==-，11122(23)24(1)242(21)(21)n n n n n n c c n n n n +-+--=-=+--+-，当10n n c c +->时，得 1.5n >，即2n ≥时，{}n c 是递增数列； 当10n n c c +-<时，得 1.5n <，即21c c <，综上所述223c =是最小值，即数列{}n n a b ⋅的最小值为23，故答案为：2316．已知双曲线2322100x y C a b a b -=>>：（，）的右焦点为F ，离心率为102，点A 是双曲线C 右支上的一点，O 为坐标原点，延长AO 交双曲线C 于另一点B ，且AF BF ⊥，延长AF 交双曲线C 于另一点Q ，则||||QF BQ =___________. 【答案】22【分析】在1Rt F AF △中，由勾股定理可求得||AF 、1||AF 用含有a 的代数式表示，在1Rt F AQ △中，由勾股定理可求得||QF 用含有a 的代数式表示，在Rt BFQ △中，由勾股定理可求得||BQ 可用含有a 的代数式表示，进而求得结果. 【详解】如图所示，∵22101c b e a a ==+ ，则2252c a = ，2232b a =，由双曲线的对称性知：OA OB =，1OF OF = ， 又∵AF BF ⊥，∴四边形1AFBF 为矩形，设||0AF m => ，则由双曲线的定义知：1||2AF a m =+，在1Rt F AF △中，22211||||||F F AF AF =+，即：2224(2)c a m m =++ ，整理得：22230m am a +-=，即：()(3)0m a m a -+= ， ∵0m >，∴m a = ， ∴1||3AF a =设||0QF n => ，则由双曲线的定义知：1||2QF a n =+，在1Rt F AQ △中，22211||||||F Q AQ AF =+，即：222(2)(3)()a n a a n +=++，解得：3n a = ，即：||3QF a =， 又∵1||||3BF AF a ==，∴在Rt BFQ △中，||BQ ==∴||||2QF BQ =四、解答题17．已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为258,224,100n S a a S +==. (1)求{an }的通项公式； (2)若+11n n n b a a =，求数列{n b }的前n 项和Tn . 【答案】(1)31n a n =- (2)2(32)n nT n =+【分析】（1）由等差数列的通项公式以及等差数列的前n 项和公式展开可求得结果； （2）由裂项相消求和可得结果.【详解】（1）设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ，由题意知，1112()4248(81)81002a d a d a d +++=⎧⎪⎨⨯-+=⎪⎩解得：123a d =⎧⎨=⎩ ∴1(1)23(1)31n a a n d n n =+-=+-=-. 故{}n a 的通项公式为31n a n =-. （2）∵1111()(31)(32)33132n b n n n n ==--+-+111111111111()()()()325358381133132111111111 ()325588113132111 =()3232=2(32)n T n n n n n nn =⨯-+⨯-+⨯-++--+=⨯-+-+-++--+⨯-++即：{}n b 的前n 项和2(32)n nT n =+.18．已知圆22:10C x y mx ny ++++=，直线1:10l x y --=，2:20l x y -=，且直线1l 和2l 均平分圆C . (1)求圆C 的标准方程(2)0y a ++-=与圆C 相交于M ，N 两点，且120MCN ∠=，求实数a 的值. 【答案】(1)()()22214x y -+-= (2)1a =或3a =-【分析】（1）根据直线1l 和2l 均平分圆C ，可知两条直线都过圆心，通过联立求出两条直线的交点坐标，由此得到圆心坐标即可得到圆的标准方程.（2）根据120MCN ∠=，及MCN △为等腰三角形可得到30CMN ∠=，可得圆心到直线的距离sin d r CMN =∠，再根据点到直线的距离公式即可求出实数a 的值.【详解】（1）因为直线1l 和2l 均平分圆C ，所以直线1l 和2l 均过圆心C ，因为1020x y x y --=⎧⎨-=⎩，解得21x y =⎧⎨=⎩，所以直线1l 和2l 的交点坐标为()2,1，所以圆心C 的坐标为()2,1，因为圆22:10C x y mx ny ++++=，所以圆心坐标为,22m n ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭，所以2212m n ⎧-=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩，解得42m n =-⎧⎨=-⎩，所以圆C 的方程为224210x y x y +--+=，即()()22214x y -+-=， 所以圆C 的标准方程为()()22214x y -+-=.（2）由（1）得圆C 的标准方程为()()22214x y -+-=，圆心()2,1C ，半径2r =，因为120MCN ∠=，且MCN △为等腰三角形，所以30CMN ∠=， 因为CM CN r ==，所以圆心C 到直线3230x y a ++-=的距离sin 2sin301d r CMN =∠==， 根据点到直线的距离公式()222312311231a a d ++-+===+， 即12a +=，解得1a =或3a =-， 所以实数a 的值为1a =或3a =-.19．如图，在四棱锥P —ABCD 中，四边形ABCD 是菱形.1202DAB PA AD ∠===，，22PC PD ==，点E 是棱PC 的中点.(1)证明：PC ⊥BD .(2)求平面P AB 与平面BDE 所成角的余弦值. 【答案】(1)证明见解析 3【分析】（1）首先根据线面垂直的判定定理证明PA ⊥平面ABCD ，然后建立空间直角坐标系，通过空间向量垂直的判定条件证明PC BD ⊥即可；（2）通过第（1）问的空间直角坐标系，根据二面角夹角公式进行求解即可. 【详解】（1）120DAB ∠=，四边形ABCD 为菱形， 60CAD ∴∠=，又60ADC ∠=，ACD ∴为等边三角形，2AD =，2AC CD ∴==，2PA =，22=PC222PA AC PC +=，PA AC ∴⊥， 222PA AD PD +=，PA AD ∴⊥，ACAD A =，AC ⊂平面ABCD ，AD ⊂平面ABCD ，PA ∴⊥平面ABCD .过点A 作AF BC ⊥，则PA AF ⊥，AF AD ⊥，PA AD ⊥，∴分别以AF ，AD ，AP 所在直线为x ，y ，z 轴如图建立空间直角坐标系.2AB =，cos603AF AB ∴=⋅=，1BF =，2BC =，1FC ∴=.)3,0,0F∴，()002P ,,，)3,1,0C，()3,1,0B-，()0,2,0D ，()3,1,2PC ∴=-，()3,3,0BD =-，(33130PC BD ⋅=-⨯=，PC BD ∴⊥.（2）()0,0,2P ，)3,1,0C，E 为PC 中点，31,12E ⎫∴⎪⎪⎝⎭，设平面PAB 的法向量为()1111,,n x y z =，()0,0,2PA =-，()3,1,0AB =-，1112030z x y -=⎧⎪∴⎨-=⎪⎩，()11,3,0n ∴=.设平面BDE 的法向量为()2222,,n x y z =，()3,3,0BD =-，33,122DE ⎛⎫=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，222223303302x y y z ⎧-+=⎪∴⎨-+=⎪，()23,1,0n ∴=， 设平面PAB 与平面BDE 夹角为θ， 则121213313cos n n n n θ⋅⨯+⨯==⋅∴平面PAB 与平面BDE 320．已知抛物线C ：22y px =（0p >）的焦点F 关于抛物线C 的准线的对称点为()9,0P -. (1)求抛物线C 的方程；(2)过点F 作倾斜角为θ的直线l ，交抛物线C 于A ，B 两点，O 为坐标原点，记OAB 的面积为S ，求证：18sin S θ=. 【答案】(1)212y x = (2)证明见解析【分析】（1）根据抛物线的简单几何性质得到抛物线的焦点坐标和准线方程，结合条件得到()19222p p ⎡⎤⨯+-=-⎢⎥⎣⎦，即可求解. （2）设直线:3l x my =+，且cos sin m θθ=（()0,πθ∈），()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，联立抛物线的方程结合韦达定理计算得到12y y -，结合图形得到1212OFA OFB S S S OF y y =+=⨯⨯-△△，即可求证.【详解】（1）由题意得：抛物线C 的焦点,02p F ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，准线方程0l ：2p x =-，因为焦点,02p F ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭关于准线0:2p l x =-的对称点为()9,0P -，则()19222p p ⎡⎤⨯+-=-⎢⎥⎣⎦，解得：6p ， 所以抛物线C 的方程为：212y x =. （2）由（1）知，焦点()3,0F ，如图：过点F 作倾斜角为θ的直线l ，交抛物线C 于A ，B 两点， ∴直线l 的倾斜角θ不为0，则()0,πθ∈，即sin 0θ>，则设直线:3l x my =+，且cos sin m θθ=（()0,πθ∈），()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ， 联立2312x my y x=+⎧⎨=⎩，得：212360y my --=，由()2124360m ∆=+⨯>，得：12121236y y m y y +=⎧⎨=-⎩，则12y y -==又222cos 111sin sin m θθθ⎛⎫+=+= ⎪⎝⎭，所以121212sin y y θ-=（()0,πθ∈）， 又1212111222OFA OFB S S S OF y OF y OF y y =+=⨯⨯+⨯⨯=⨯⨯-△△，即1121832sin sin S θθ=⨯⨯=. 综上：OAB 的面积18sin S θ=，得证. 【点睛】方法点睛：（1）解答直线与抛物线的题目时，时常把两个曲线的方程联立，消去x (或y )建立一元二次方程，然后借助根与系数的关系，并结合题设条件建立有关参变量的等量关系. （2）涉及到直线方程的设法时，务必考虑全面，不要忽略直线斜率为0或不存在等特殊情形.21．已知双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>的渐近线方程为yx =，且过点(3,.(1)求双曲线C 的标准方程；(2)若双曲线C 的右焦点为F ，点()0,4P -，过点F 的直线l 交双曲线C 于,A B 两点，且PA PB =，求直线l 的方程.【答案】(1)2213x y -=(2)0y =，或1233y x =-或2y x =-+.【分析】（1）根据题意得22921b a a b ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩，进而解方程即可得答案；（2）由题知()2,0F ，进而先讨论直线l 的斜率不存在不满足条件，再讨论l 的斜率存在，设方程为()2y k x =-，设()()1122,,,A x y B x y ，进而与双曲线方程联立得线段AB 中点为22262,1313k k E k k ⎛⎫-- ⎪--⎝⎭，再结合题意得PE AB ⊥，进而再分0k =和0k ≠两种情况讨论求解即可.【详解】（1）解：因为双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>的渐近线方程为y=，且过点(3,， 所以，22921b a a b ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩，解得221,3b a ==所以，双曲线C 的标准方程为2213x y -=（2）解：由（1）知双曲线C 的右焦点为()2,0F ，当直线l 的斜率不存在时，方程为:2l x =，此时,2,A A ⎛⎛ ⎝⎭⎝⎭，PA PB =≠= 所以，直线l 的斜率存在，设方程为()2y k x =-，所以，联立方程()22213y k x x y ⎧=-⎪⎨-=⎪⎩得()222213121230k x k x k -+--= 所以()()422214441331212120k k k k ∆=----=+>，且2130k -≠，所以，k ≠设()()1122,,,A x y B x y ，则2212122212123,1313k k x x x x k k --+=-=-- 所以()3121222124441313k ky y k x x k k k k+=+-=--=---， 所以，线段AB 中点为22262,1313k k E k k ⎛⎫-- ⎪--⎝⎭， 因为PA PB =，所以，点()0,4P -在线段AB 的中垂线上， 所以PE AB ⊥，所以，当0k =时，线段AB 中点为()0,0E ，此时直线l 的方程为0y =，满足题意；当0k ≠时，22222222424122613,66313PEAB kk k k k k k k k k k k k -+-+--+--====----， 所以，222613PE AB k k k k k k -+-⋅=⋅=--，整理得23210k k +-=，解得13k =或1k =-，满足k ≠综上，直线l 的方程为0y =，或1233y x =-或2y x =-+.22．已知椭圆2222:1(0x y C a b a b +=>>0x y -=相切.(1)求椭圆C 的标准方程；(2)若直线l ：1y kx =+与椭圆C 交于,A B 两点，点P 是y 轴上的一点，过点A 作直线PB 的垂线，垂足为M ，是否存在定点P ，使得PB PM ⋅为定值？若存在，求出点P 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由.【答案】(1)22164x y += (2)存在，1(0,)4P【分析】（1）根据题意得,a b ==，由C与直线0x y --=相切，联立方程得22c =，即可解决；（2）1122(0,),(,),(,)P t A x y B x y ，结合韦达定理得PB PM PB PA ⋅=⋅222292(1)(312)23t t k k -+-+-=+，即可解决.【详解】（1）由题知，,c a b a ==， 所以椭圆C 为2222132x y c c+=，即2222360x y c +-=，因为C与直线0x y --=相切，所以22223600x y c x y ⎧+-=⎪⎨-=⎪⎩，消去y得22223(60x x c +-=，所以2253060x c -+-=，所以236045(306)0c ∆=-⨯⨯-=，得22c =，所以椭圆C 的标准方程为22164x y +=； （2）设1122(0,),(,),(,)P t A x y B x y ，由221641x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩，得22222(23)690,3636(23)144720,k x kx k k k ++-=∆=++=+> 所以12122269,2323k x x x x k k +=-=-++， 所以()PB PM PB PA AM PB PA PB AM PB PA ⋅=⋅+=⋅+⋅=⋅1122(,)(,)x y t x y t =-⋅-1212(1)(1)x x kx t kx t =++-+- 221212(1)(1)()(1)k x x k t x x t =++-++-222296(1)()(1)()(1)2323kk k t t k k=+-+-⋅-+-++ 222292(1)(312)23t t k k -+-+-=+，所以2231292(1)32t t --+-=，解得14t =， 所以存在点1(0,)4P ，使得PB PM ⋅为定值.。

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第二部分阅读理解(共两节满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Popular Attractions in San FranciscoSan Francisco is a famous city in northern California on America ' s west coast , There are beautiful landmark sites such as the Golden Gate Bridge and winding Lombard Street .Golden Gate BridgeGolden Gate Bridge is the symbol and landmark of San Francisco . The Bridge sparis the entire San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate strait of the Pacific Ocean , making it an impor tant transportation hub linking San Francisco and cities to the north . Many US movies and TV shows have been filmed here .Fisherman ' s WharfFisherman ' s Wharf is a strip extending from Ghirardelli Square all the way to Pier 3 5 and close to popular destinations such as Chinatown and the Lombard Street . Famous sites such as Alcatraz Island , Golden Gate Bridge , and the Bay Bridge can alsp be sighted in the distance . This is home to a wealth of shops and restaurants and lively street shows can be seen every - where .Lombard StreetLombard Street is so named for its multiple hairpin turns ) The 4 0 degree inclination here poses a serious challenge to driving skills . The whole street is paved with bricks and lined on either side with foliage as well as multicolored flowers , offering diverse views all around the year .Palace of Fine ArtsThe San Francisco Palace of Fine Arts was originally built to display works of art for the Panama - Pacific International Exposition in 1 9 1 5 , but was mostly rebuilt in 1 9 6 5 . Thelake and surrounding trees are also home to wildlife , such as ducks , birds and raccoons ) On top of the dusky red stone pillars stand sculptures of nymphs , which are a favorite subject ofmany photographers .21.Where should visitors go if they are movie fans ?A . Palace of Fine Arts .B . Fisherman ' s Wharf .C .Lombard Street .D . Golden Gate Bridge .22.W hat is Lombard Street named for ?A . Its sharp turnsB . The bricks .C.Multieolored flowers .D . Diverse views .23.What can visitors do at Palace of Fine Arts ?A . Appreciate lively street shows .B . Improve their driving skills .C .Take pietures of sculptures .D . Enjoy delicious food .BWatch actor Sterling K . Brown , and one of the first things you may notice is his eyes .In a scehe from the last season of The Marvelous Mrs . Maisel , Brown plays Reggie , a hard - nosed mandger . His language is rough , but his eyes reveal something more : He ' s feeling guilty and defensive . Or look at his work on NBC ' s hit drama This Is Us , where Brown plays Randall Pearson , a Black man adopted by a white family . Again , Brown ' s eyes reveal a lot .Those two performances have allowed Brown to make Emmy Awards history this year : nominsted as best lead actor in a drama series for This Is Us and best supporting actor in a comedy series for The Marvelous Mrs . Maisel on Amazon ' s Prime Video .Gratefu he is for his nominations , Brown also sees the record number of Black per - formers nominated for Emmys - about 3 4 % of acting nominees this year - as a welcome reac tion to the civil rights reckening and Black Lives Matter protests of the summer .The actor says it ' s also part of a long march toward recognition for Black performers , held back by oppression in Hollywood back to the early 1 9 0 0 s , when white people wore black - face to play Black characters in films .Brown has made history at awards shows before : in 2 0 1 8 , he became the first Black man to win best actor in a drama at both the and the Screen Actors Guild awards .With degrees from Stanford University and New York University ' s Tisch School of the Arts , Brown has spent about two decades appearing on TV shows like Lifetime ' s ArmyWives and his first series regular role , playing a cop on FX ' s short - lived 2 0 0 5 drama Starved .These days Brown is excited about the new season of This Is Us , which will begin with two episodes addressing both the coronavirns pandemic and the Black Lives Matter protests .24 . Why does the author mention the TV series in paragraph 2 ?A . To indicate that Brown is an excellent actor .B . To show that Brown has played many rolés .C . To support the idea that Brown is an eye actorD . To introduce the man topic of the passage.25 . What do we know about this year ' s Emmy Awards ?A . Brown is awarded two acting prizes .B . More black performers get nominated.C . It still doesn ' t recognize civil rights.D . Black Lives Matter is the theme .26 . What does the author intend to do in paragraph 6 to 7?A . Add some background information .B . List Brown ' s . acting experiences .C . Intrpduce a new topic for discussion .D . Summarize the previous paragraph.27 . What can be a suitable title for the text ?A . This Year ' s Emmy AwardsB . Fight for Civil RightsD.A Black Emmy NomineeD . Brown : An Eye ActorCThe long reach of the coronavirus continues to show up in the strangest ways . The iconic (偶像的,标志性的)fast - food giant KFC ,announced it 's abandoning the famous advertisin slogan , " It ' s Finger Lickin ' . Good , " because the phrase is inappropriate to use during the COVID - 1 9 outbreak .KFC announced its plans to ( stop using the slogan which it ' s been using for 6 4 years in a low - key and funny statement titled , " AND THE WINNER OF THE AWARD FOR THE MOST INAPPROPRIATE SLOGAN FOR 2 0 2 0 GOES TO KFC . "" The home of the world ' s fayorite chicken admits that the slogan is a bit fff ' for now , " the news notes , before making clear that the use of " It ' s Finger Lickin ' Good " slogan will immediately be paused in . advertising around the globe starting on August 2 4 . " This year has been like no other , and , right now , our slogan doesn ' t feel quite right . "This is not the first time that KFC has with the use of their famous ad campaign dur - ing the coronavirus . In early March , KFC a television spot running in the UK that featured actors licking their fingers . You may recall that the earliest days of the pandemic filled with nonstop reminders not to touch your face for fear of spreading the virus . Of course , there ' s the potential dan - ger of spreading virus that comes with licking your fingers before ( or after ) touching any public sur - face , such as doorknobs and the tableware at your local fast food cafe .While we are pausing the use of It ' s Finger Lickin ' Good , we assure that the food loved by so many people around the world isn ' t changing one bit , " KFC ' s global chief marketing of - ficer , Catherine Tan - Gillespie , said .For those concerned with the potential permanence of this famous fast - food phras KFC ' s statement ended on a more cheerful note , " And for all those fans . don ' t worry the slo gan will be back . Just when the time is right .28.W hat do we know about KFC’s long-lived ad slogan from the first two paragraphs?A.It is too out-of -date to use.B . It has been replaced by a new one .C . It won an award for the best slogan .D . It is not suitable for this year .29 . What did KFC do in early March this year according to paragraph 4 ?A . It stopped its long - lived ad slogan in an ad .B . It displayed its famous slogan in an ad .C . It required actors to lick their fingers in the ad .D . It reminded people not to lick their fingers .30 . Which word best describes Catherine Tan - Gillespie ' s attitude to KFC ' s future ?A . Doubtful .B . Confident .C . Disappointed .D . Concerned .31 . What can we infer about KFC from the passage ?A . It is struggling for survival in 2 0 2 0 .B . It has lost popularity among its fans .C . It may use the slogan again sometime in the future .D . It has caused potential danger of spreading virus .DThe idea of using a public bathroom with see through walls may sound like the stuff of mghimares . But a famous Japanese is hoping to change that view , using new tech - nology to make restrooms in Tokyo parks more inviting ." There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom , especially those cated at a park , " according to architect Shigeru Ban ' s firm . " The first is cleanliness , and the second is whether anyone is inside . 'The newly - invented transparent walls can turn off both of those worries , Ban says , by showing people what awaits them inside . After users enter the restroom and lock the door , the room ' s walls turn a powdery paste ) shade and are no longer see - through .Ban ' s are sure to make for great conversation among visitors to the park - and they ' ll stand out even more after dark . " At night , the facility lights up the park like a beautiful lantern , " the architect ' s website says .The group is behind the Tokyo Toilet project , world - famous architects to create toilets " like you ' ge never seen . The project ' s eye catching toilets are part of a plan to put people ar ease when isiting a public bathroom . The project may seem silly , but the 1 6 architects who are reimagining public toilets are some of the brightest names in Japanese architecture , The list includes four Pritzker Prize winners - Ban , Toyo Ito , Tadao Ando and Fumihiko Maki - along with international stars such as Kengo Kuma and Sou Fujimoto . The fashion designer Nigo is also contributing .Ban ' s colorful public bathrooms opened to the public this month in two parks : Yoyogi Fukamachi Mini Park and Haru - no - Ogawa Community Park . Other bespoke commodes will be opening in coming months .32 . Why are people often worried before entering a public restroom ?A . Its lock is usually useless .B . It ' s usually at a huge distance .C . It ' s not always clean .D . It ' s always occupied .33 . What does the underlined word " transparent " n mean in the third paragraph ?A . Easy to see through .B . Not easy to see through .C . Full of bright colors .D . Thick and strong .34 . What do we know about the project from the last two paragraphs ?A . It ' s and silly .B . It ' s rewarding and .C . It has won the Pritzker Prize .D . It ' s the fruit of colleqtive wisdom35 . Which of the following can be the best title for the text ?A . Should the public restrooms be upgraded ?B . The new high - tech walls of public restrooms are comingC.How do we live with see - through public facilities ?D . Some famous architects designed a silly project第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2022-2023学年山西省晋城市第一中学校高二下学期5月月考英语试题1. Best of British: Artists’ residencesGet up close with the inspiring places Britain’s most vibrant artists called home.Red House, LondonNothing better represents the commitment of William Morris, the creative genius of interiors (内饰) to beauty than his striking home in London. From delicate patterns on the doors, to the decorated gardens, the Red House shows a strong medieval style.The Mackintosh House, GlasgowLocated on the site of the former home of legendary architect Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his wife, the reconstructed Mackintosh House offers a rare insight into their private lives. Furnished with the couple’s own furniture, eve rything has been considered in order to recreate the original interior as faithfully as possible.Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden, CornwallThough she was born in Yorkshire, British sculptor (雕塑家) Barbara Hepworth moved to Cornwall and stayed there for the rest of her life. She claimed that there was a quality of inspiration to be drawn from the Cornish skyline and sea view that she simply couldn’t obtain from the city. It was Hepworth’s wish that her home would be turned into a museum of her work.Henry Moore Foundation, HertfordshireSculptor Henry Moore found his Muse in the beautiful Hertfordshire village of Perry Green and created many of his most famous works there. Unlike traditional galleries, visitors can get close with these impressi ve structures. Access to Moore’s home is through guided tours only. Visit on a sunny day, take a picnic, and experience the scenic village in person!1. Which residence is influenced by medieval styles?A．Red House.B．The Mackintosh House.C．Henry Moore Foundation.D．Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden.2. What do we know about the Mackintosh House?A．It is the current residence of Mackintosh.B．It is rebuilt to improve Mackintosh’s life.C．It restores the interior design of the Mackintoshs’.D．It reflects Mackintosh’s faith in original furniture design.3. What do the last two residences have in common?A．Both sculptors take inspiration from nature.B．Both sites allow close contact with the designers.C．Both residences will be turned into urban museums.D．Both sites allow tours accompanied by the guide only.2. In 2018, a severe drought brought Cape Town close to “Day Zero”, when it could have become the world’s first major city to run out of water. Dam levels in South Africa’s Western Cape fell to below a fifth of capacity and the province suffered its worst water crisis in 100 years.“The water supply was dwindling and it just wasn’t raining,” recalls Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. Seeking to reduce water waste, Booysen figured he could adapt the device to measure water usage instead of electricity use.Soon, Booysen launched a start-up, Bridging the Internet of Things (BridgloT), to develop his idea. Called Count Dropula, the device reports water usage once a minute while many conventional devices only record data once an hour. The system uses an app in the user’s cellphone and sends short messages in real time. “Within minutes, we would be able to tell the user, ‘Something has burst, or something is leaking,’” he says.Then Booysen discovered that a key issue was maintenance (维修), with the poorest schools using by far the most water. Leaking toilets could waste 1,000 liters of wa ter per day. “We found that the biggest problems are things like children not closing taps properly, but often that would be because the taps just don’t close,” Booysen explains. During the test, the invention saved one school more than three million liters of water in three months. Another reduced its water usage 55 percent in four months.Businesses including Cape Talk radio station and Africa’s largest food company, Shoprite, became sponsors, partnering with the Western Cape Education Department to install (安装) test devices in 350 schools. They saved more than $2.7 million and almost 550 million liters of water in 17 months. Booysen has looked at expanding to government buildings, hospitals and hotels. There are plans to roll out the device across Africa.1. What does the underlined word “dwindling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Beginning B．Continuing.C．Expanding. D．Decreasing.2. Which words can best describe Booysen?A．Proud and determined.B．Cautious and friendly.C．Creative and caring.D．Ambitious but generous.3. What do we know about Count Dropula?A．It works smartly to help save water.B．It was designed by Booysen in 2015.C．It will soon be tested in 350 schools.D．It cuts power usage efficiently.4. What will Booysen probably do next?A．He will become a member of Shoprite.B．He will further promote his new invention.C．He will stop water pollution in Cape Town.D．He will travel around Africa for better ideas.3. Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers(激光)to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Säntis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower that’s hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike.Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Currently, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods(棒)on the buildings. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. If a building is very large, it needs a lot of lightning rods. But some buildings—such as airports—are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. The idea of using lasers to guide lightning isn’t new. Scientists have been working on the idea for over 20 years. They have successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a laboratory.But until recentl y, scientists haven’t been able to guide lightning with lasers outside. That changed in the summer of 2021. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1,000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning for 164 feet away.The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge. The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod.But despite the progress, the laser still didn’t guide the lightn ing as far as the scientists would like. To protect buildings from most lightning, lasers will have to guide the lightning for a much longer distance. The laser is also very expensive. The scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.1. What is this new technology expected to protect?A．High buildings. B．Large buildings.C．Important buildings. D．Complex buildings.2. What do we know about the new technology of using lasers?A．It is still being tested. B．It works only in the lab.C．It is an invention of Swiss scientists. D．It cools the air around the lightning.3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new technology?A．Its cost control. B．Its disadvantages.C．Its wide application. D．Its promising future.4. What can be the best title of this text?A．Guide Lightning With a Laser B．Lightning Rods Are out of DateC．Use Lasers to Block Lightning D．Lightning Can Be Used to Serve People 4. Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experience this, tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical (按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tou gh idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, bow ever hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can - then let the unconscious take over.When planning Encyclopedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.1. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?A．Writing essays in strict order.B．Building up physical strength.C．Leaving out the toughest ideas.D．Dealing with the hardest task first.2. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?A．Before starting a difficult task.B．When all the solutions fail.C．If the job is rather boring.D．After finding a way out.3. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us ________ .A．ignore mental problemsB．get some nice sleepC．gain complete reliefD．find the right solution4. What could be the best title for the passage?A．Success Is Built upon FailureB．How to Handle Performance FatigueC．Getting over Fatigue: A Way to SuccessD．Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems5. What Does Your Handwriting Say About You?Why do some people have better handwriting than others? Does it reflect your personality? Graphologists(笔迹学者) believe your handwriting speaks volumes about your personality.A study by graphologists says: “Graphology is a discipline used in the determination, study, and interpretation of a person’s personality with the aid of spaces, curves, strokes in a handwritten text.1 It expresses various perso nality traits, like how honest a person is, how afraid the person is, etc.”Some graphologists believe that a right slant(倾斜) in your writing could mean you are outgoing and open to new things, but a left slant could mean the opposite-that you like to be alone. Writing with no slant can mean that you’re logical, practical person, not outwardly emotional.Large letters may suggest a big personality and that you seek attention, while small letters mean the opposite. 2People who write with big loops(圈) when joining the letter L to another letter are thought to be relaxed and spontaneous, whereas a loopless L means the opposite, you’re seen as tense. 3Space between letters can also determine characteristics. Spaced out letters suggest that you don’t like to be crowded and like your space. Close letters can mean you get lonely easily and enjoy being around people most of the time-you might also fail to give others enough space.4 With computers and iPhones, many type everything. Handwriting is often used recreationally for things, such as personal notes, song writing, and journaling.There is no problem in taking pride in your handwriting, whether it’s good or not. 5 If you’re the only one who is going to read your notes, it’s understandable to write howe ver carelessly you want, as long as you can read them. If you’re writing for others, you might want to make sure everything is neat and easy to read.If you hate your handwriting, don’t worry, you can always change it.6. I was talking to some friends while standing in line in the cafeteria at my middle school. As I started to share a funny story, my friend Elizabeth _______ me. “Coco! Coco!” she called out. Everyone laughed. This is so _______, I thought. I felt a little bit uncomfortable.However, I never wanted to ask what “Coco” meant. I _______ it was a code word for a cute boy. Elizabeth was one of the girls that everyone wanted to be friends with. I felt _______ to be friends with her. Later, I noticed that Elizabeth often said bad things about other kids. I would have never said those things about someone, but to fit in, I _______ when Elizabeth said them.One day, a classmate stopped by my locker and said to me, “‘Coco’ means Elizabeth thinks you’re being _______. It’s really mean.” My eyes filled with tears. I couldn’t _______ it.The next day, at lunchtime, I sat beside Macy, who was sitting with another two girls and who had always seemed nice, _______ that she didn’t know about Coco. “You know Elizabeth is mean, right?” My heart _______. She knew. Before I could respond, Macy said, “You didn’t ________ tobe treated that way, and nobody else does either.” I smiled and then talked to my new friends with ________. We laughed a lot, and no one interrupted with a mean code word.Most adolescents are attempting to ________ who they are and who they want to be. The word Coco will always serve as a(n) ________ that I need to stay ________ to myself and never compromise my values to be frie nds with someone. Because with ________ friends, I won’t have to.1.A．interrupted B．mentioned C．greeted D．recognized2.A．incredible B．odd C．risky D．relaxing3.A．knew B．admitted C．recalled D．assumed4.A．embarrassed B．guilty C．lucky D．ready5.A．quit B．sighed C．laughed D．complained6.A．mean B．annoying C．unfair D．dishonest7.A．believe B．afford C．resist D．make8.A．ensuring B．suspecting C．realizing D．praying9.A．broke B．sank C．softened D．melted10.A．expect B．deserve C．intend D．refuse11.A．caution B．sympathy C．delight D．regret12.A．figure out B．care about C．count on D．escape from 13.A．model B．inspiration C．guarantee D．reminder14.A．critical B．superior C．true D．immune15.A．new B．smart C．imaginary D．right7. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

第41讲 有机合成推断与合成路线设计（模拟精练+真题演练）完卷时间：50分钟一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确选项，共12*5分）1．（2023·河北·张家口市宣化第一中学校联考二模）草甘膦是广泛使用的许多除草剂中的有效活性化学成分，如图是草甘膦的结构。

下列关于草甘膦的说法中错误的是A ．有特征红外吸收峰B ．1mol 草甘膦可与2molH 2加成C ．既能与酸反应又能与碱反应D ．能与饱和NaHCO 3溶液反应2．（2023·浙江绍兴·统考二模）中国工程院李兰娟院士团队公布研究成果，药物阿比朵尔对新冠病毒有明显抑制作用，其分子结构如图所示。

下列说法正确的是A ．其分子式为 C 22H 24BrN 2O 3SB ．阿比朵尔能使酸性 KMnO 4溶液褪色，也能与浓溴水发生取代反应C ．1mol 阿比朵尔最多能和 8mol 氢气发生加成反应D ．分子中不存在手性碳原子3．（2023·福建泉州·福建省泉州第一中学校考模拟预测）化合物乙是一种治疗神经类疾病的药物，可由化合物甲经多步反应得到。

下列有关化合物甲、乙的说法错误的是A ．化合物甲分子式为14137C H NOB ．1mol 乙最多能与4molNaOH 反应C ．乙分子中含有2个手性碳原子D ．用3NaHCO 溶液或3FeCl 溶液均能鉴别甲、乙4．（2023·江苏淮安·淮阴中学校考模拟预测）化合物Y是一种药物中间体，其合成路线中的一步反应如下，下列说法正确的是A．X与互为顺反异构体B．X与在一定条件下反应有副产物生成H和最多消耗NaOH的物质的量之比为3：1C．1molY最多消耗2D．Y分子中含有1个手性碳原子5．（2023·安徽芜湖·芜湖一中校考模拟预测）乌尔曼反应(Ullmann) 是形成芳-芳键的最重要的方法之一下列叙述正确的是A．物质a的分子式为C7H8OBrB．物质b分子中所有原子一定共平面C．该反应的反应类型为加成反应D．物质c的同分异构体可能同时含有羧基和氨基6．（2023·河北沧州·校考三模）氟他胺(Ⅳ)是一种可用于治疗肿瘤的药物，实验室一种合成路线的片段如图所示，下列说法错误的是A．Ⅳ→Ⅳ的反应类型为还原反应B．Ⅳ生成Ⅳ的同时会产生HClC．Ⅳ→Ⅳ所需试剂可能为浓硝酸和浓硫酸D．Ⅳ在酸性条件下水解可得到2-甲基丁酸7．（2023·河北沧州·沧州市第二中学校联考三模）中国科学技术大学化学系研发出的新型催化剂可实现芳醇选择性氧化制备芳醛，其过程如图所示。

2022-2023学年山西省晋城市第一中学校高二下学期5月月考化学试题1.化学与生活密切相关，下列有关说法正确的是A．糖类、蛋白质、油脂属于天然高分子化合物B．绘画所用“宣纸”的主要成分为纤维素C．煤经气化和液化两个物理变化过程，可变为清洁能源D．制作航天服的聚酯纤维和用于光缆通信的光导纤维都属于无机非金属材料2.下列各组中的反应，属于同一反应类型的是A．由溴乙烷水解制乙醇；由乙烯与水反应制乙醇B．由苯硝化制硝基苯；由甲烷与氯气反应制氯仿C．由氯代环己烷制环己烯；由丙烯加溴制1，2-二溴丙烷D．氯乙烷与NaOH水溶液共热；氯乙烷与NaOH醇溶液共热3.溴苯的制备实验的部分实验操作如图所示，其中正确的是洗涤除溴，放出除去干燥剂分离苯和溴苯4.对于有机物A()的说法正确的是A．A分子中含有8个σ键，2个π键B．A分子中所有原子均在同一个平面上C．与互为同系物D．质谱法无法鉴别和，核磁共振氢谱法可以5.某烃的结构简式为，若分子中共线碳原子数为a，可能共面的碳原子数最多为b，含四面体结构的碳原子数为c，则a、b、c分别是( )A．3、4、5 B．3、10、4C．3、14、4 D．4、10、46.下列对实验的有关叙述正确的是A．利用苯和浓溴水在溴化铁催化作用下制备溴苯B．取5mL10%的CuSO 4溶液，滴加5滴10%的NaOH溶液，再加入2mL10%的葡萄糖溶液，加热至沸腾，出现砖红色沉淀C．在试管中加少量淀粉和稀硫酸加热，使充分反应，冷却后加入少量银氨溶液，水浴加热，未出现银镜，说明淀粉尚未水解D．用洁净的铂丝蘸取某溶液置于煤气灯火焰上灼烧，只透过蓝色钴玻璃观察到紫色火焰，不能确定溶液中是否有钠元素7.化合物X结构如图，下列说法不正确．．．的是A．1mol该物质与足量溴水反应，最多可消耗B．所有C原子可能共平面C．分子中含4种含氧官能团D．在酸性条件下水解的产物均可使酸性溶液褪色8.一个苯环上连接一个—Cl和3个—CH3的有机物的结构共有A．4种B．5种C．6种D．7种9.下列说法中错误．．的是A．分子式为的芳香烃，若苯环上的一溴代物只有一种(不考虑立体异构)，该烃命名为对二甲苯B．只含有一种等效氢的，可命名为二甲基丙烷C．二甲基丁烯分子中所有碳原子位于同一平面上D．用于制造轮胎的聚异戊二烯的单体，可命名为甲基二丁烯10.下列说法正确的是A．分子式为C 4 H 8 O 2的有机物在酸性条件下可水解为酸和醇，若不考虑立体异构，这些醇和酸重新组合可形成的酯共有12种B．四联苯的一氯代物有4种C．与具有相同官能团的同分异构体有一种D．乙基雌烯醇( )属于芳香族化合物11.法国化学家伊夫·肖万获2005年诺贝尔化学奖。

江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年第一学期阶段性测试高二英语2022.10（试卷满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where did the man meet Shelley?A. In a writing class.B. At summer camp.C. In college.2. How much does the salad cost?A. $2.B. $3.C. $3.5.3. Why isn’t the Inte rnet working?A. The woman turned it off.B. The power has gone out.C. The man didn’t pay the bill.4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Brother and sister.C. Husband and wife.5. What does the woman tell the man?A. Shoes are 15% off.B. He can come back next month.C. Winter jackets are the only items on sale.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

2022—2023学年第一学期高二第一次月考英语试题【本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟】第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）请听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What are the speakers doing?A. Shopping.B. Having lunch.C. Cooking dishes.2. When does the performance start?A. At 6 o’clock.B. At 7 o’clock.C. At 8 o’clock.3. Where are the speakers?A. At a hospital.B. At a gym.C. At a school.4. What hasn’t been prepared for the emergencies?A. A flashlight.B. Towels.C. Water.5. What can be inferred about the woman?A. She doesn’t know the man.B. She made a huge mistake.C. She is from New York.第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）请听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. How did the man travel around the world?A. By car.B. By motorbike.C. By train.7. What did the man think of cycling?A. A bit boring.B. Not adventurous.C. Impractical sometimes.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

山西省2024——2025学年度八年级上学期期中阶段评估道德与法治上册第一~二单元题号一二三四总分累分人得分 注意事项：共4大题，17小题，满分75分，作答时间为70分钟。

第Ⅰ卷 选择题(共24分)一、选择题(在每小题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意，请将其字母标号填入下表相应题号的空格内。

本大题含12个小题，每小题2分，共24分)题号123456789101112答案 1.出生时，我们是一张“白纸”，父母、老师和社会不停地在“白纸”上添加“颜料”，逐步帮助我们成长为有知识、懂礼貌、守规则的合格公民。

从“白纸”到“合格公民”的蜕变说明 A.社会的进步和发展离不开个人 B.个人从社会中只能获得物质支持C.人的成长是不断社会化的过程D.人人都能成为合格的社会成员2.在2024年巴黎奥运会上，两名运动员配合默契，一路过关斩将，最终获得混合双打冠军。

从社会关系建立的基础看，这两名运动员属于A.业缘关系B.地缘关系C.血缘关系D.亲缘关系3.在课堂的导入环节，老师出示了两幅漫画，要求同学们为其确定一个共同的标题。

以下选项最恰当的是A.网络推动民主政治进步B.网络是把双刃剑C.网络有百害而无一利D.谣言止于智者4.针对下表反映的情况，青少年应该青少年网络安全意识表现(部分)不在网上随意加陌生人好友38.9%避免浏览不良内容32.9%注意分辨网络谣言27.6%来源：《青少年互联网使用情况调查报告(2024)》A.保护个人信息，维护网络安全B.学会“信息节食”，自觉远离网络C.利用网络交友，拓展人际关系D.辨析网络信息，加强风险防范座位号得分评分人5. “世界上的一切都必须按照一定的规矩秩序各就各位。

”这句话揭示的道理有①社会正常运行需要秩序②社会秩序是人民安居乐业的保障③社会生活离不开规则④社会秩序保障社会规则的实现A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④6.生活中，我们总能看到各种各样的标志。

下列标志提示我们A.建立规则的目的在于限制自由B.要自觉遵守社会规则C.规则一经确定就不能改变D.要积极参与规则的改进7.换位思考是正确处理人际关系的一种智慧。