必修三第四单元阅读4

必修三第四单元科技阅读班级组别姓名【词语梳理】聒噪：说话琐碎，声音喧闹，令人烦躁。

兴高采烈：兴：原指志趣，后指兴致；采：原指神采，后指精神；烈：旺盛。

原指文章志趣高尚，言词犀利。

后多形容兴致高，精神饱满消融：雪原、冰川、海冰等形态上的雪、粒雪或冰的损耗。

或指物体消失、融化。

朝气蓬勃：朝：早上；蓬勃：旺盛的样子。

形容充满了生命和活力。

出人意料：意料：事先对情况与结果的估计，超出人们的料想猜测之外。

气势磅礴：广大无边。

形容气势雄伟壮大。

川流不息：河流。

息：停止，停下。

形容行人、车马等像水流一样来来往往、连续不断。

与世隔绝：与社会上的人们隔离，断绝来往。

形容隐居或人迹不到的极偏僻地方。

【社科文阅读考试内容】1、词句词义，词义为主2、信息筛选，考查主流3、文章理解，逐渐增加4、推断想象，测试重点【社科文阅读技能】一、筛选的要诀1．筛选的目的。

筛选的目的主要在题干中体现出来。

例如“按照传统的看法，下列对动物冬眠时心脏工作原理的解说，符合文意的一项是”，这就规定了筛选的目的。

为了准确地把握筛选的目的，对于题干，要注意推敲，切不可马虎从事。

此题干中有三个要点：①“对动物冬眠时心脏工作原理的解说”，尤其是“原理”；②“按照传统的看法”；③“符合文意”。

2．阅读的文本。

⑴依据题意，框定文本。

筛选信息时，要仔细推敲题目，准确把握题意，大体框定相关的阅读语区。

⑵对照文本，确定选项。

去伪存真，排除干扰项。

所谓“伪”，或无中生有，或故意疏漏，或歪曲事实，或张冠李戴。

试题可能会有意设置一些“伪”项，即干扰项。

这就要求考生在筛选信息的基础上，采取对比、辨异等方法，把信息辨别、区分开来，即去伪存真，提炼出所需信息。

二、推断的要领推断，就是由已知的判断（前提）合乎逻辑地推出一个新的判断（结论）。

高考的科技文和社科文的推断题，其前提出自文中，结论则往往在文外。

典例精析例题：请先阅读下面的文字，完成习题。

（2002年全国高考题）沙尘暴人类总是依据自然的利益评价外部事物，将之分成优劣好坏，而大自然则另有一套行为规范与准则。

国际空间站的建立就是一个例子。空间站环绕
地球运行，其宇航员来自不同国家，空间站式
的人类能够持续在。持续在泰太空开展工作。
China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space。
他们也十分希望发现能够维持生命 存在的其他行星。
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
第四4单元 太空探索
Space: THE Falone? What’s out there?”Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.
这是因为尽管风险巨大，人类还是坚信太空探 索极为重要。

6-4课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.1．What did Jennifer do after high school?A．She helped her dad with his work.B．She ran the family farm on her own.C．She supported herself through college.D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home.2．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?A．To take care of her kids easily.B．To learn from the best nurses.C．To save money for her parents.D．To find a well-paid job there.3．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A．Her health.B．Her time with family.C．Her reputation.D．Her chance of promotion.4．What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A．Time is money.B．Love breaks down barriers.C．Hard work pays off.D．Education is the key to success.【语篇解读】本文介绍了Jennifer Mauer不管身处哪个年龄阶段仍然克服困难坚持学习的事迹，她的经历告诉我们，一个人的努力付出是会有回报的。

Appreciating
Discussion Work in pairs. Tell the class which sentence impresses you most. Why?
Appreciating
Discussion
Tell the class which sentence impresses you most. Why?
Reading
Para. 7 Emphasize the question
To declare the value of this freedom, to teach
What are the responsibilities?
how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed, and to demand this
How did his thoughts about science change?
Appreciating
Discussion
Tell the class which sentபைடு நூலகம்nce impresses you most. Why?
Parallel structure has a striking force.
question: “Is there some evil involved in science?”
What was his attitude His attitude was serious because he thought the
to the question?
question long and hard.
Reading
Para. 1–2 Raise the question