2016考研英语翻译技巧之：省略法

第十节省略法省略是删去一些可有可无的，或违背译文语言习惯的词。

一．从语法角度来看（一）省代词1.省略作主语的人称代词（1）英语中通常每句都有主语，如主语不变，译成汉语时不必重复。

1）He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 2）But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it.3）They had murdered his father, they had taken the best of him, they had crushed his whole family.4）Laura wished now that she was not holding that piece of bread-and-butter, but there was nowhere to put it and she couldn’t possibly throw it away.1)他消瘦而憔悴，（）看上去很惨。

2)但我就是这个脾气，（）虽然几经努力，（）却未能改变过来。

3)他们害死了他的父亲，（）榨干了他的精力，（）毁了他的全家。

4)这时劳拉宁愿（）手里没有这块涂上黄油的面包，拿着又没有地方放，（）又不可能扔掉。

作业：1.I am 78 years old; I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the past 14 months.2. Like his friend he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice.3. We can measure the amount of water in a pot, but we can’t measure its heat. We haven’t an instrument for that.4. The Grand Dukes always liked new ideas, and later they were good friends of Galileo.（2）泛指的英语人称代词作主语时，即使是第一个主语，汉译时也可省略。

英译汉翻译技巧省略法省略法(omission)是为了行文的简洁和更符合目的与习惯，将一些重复的词语或一些已被涵盖的意义省去的翻译方法，而原文的意义并未因此受到任何损失。

1.When she could no longer decide, she became depressed. Whenever Dwight picked up the baby to take him to his place or to the doctor’s for a checkup, she felt relief.她无法抉择，心情压抑，而前夫马赛一把孩子接走或是送到诊所接受检查她就会有一种轻松感。

2.Rupert with his flexible young knees sat in a hunch-and-crouch pose in imitation of the natives.鲁珀特年龄小，双膝柔韧，学着当地人的样子，弓背缩身地跪坐着。

3.Stainless steel possess good hardness and high strength.不锈钢硬度大，强度高。

4.Penicillin works by not allowing a bacterium to build its cell wall.青霉素的作用是不让细菌制造细胞壁。

5. This is the solid rocky bottom under the ooze and mud of the ocean floor.海底软泥和泥层下面是坚硬的岩石层。

6. There is a 30% increase of our installed capacity with this year.今年，我们的装机容量增加了 30%。

7.在工作中，我们必须避免犯不必要的的错误。

We must avoid making mistakes in our work.8.质子带阳电，电子带阴电，而中子既不带阳电也不带阴电。

2016考研英语翻译技巧之：省略法省略是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为其在译文中是不言而喻的。

换言之，省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。

但省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。

(1)冠词的省略经典例题: Because the body’s defense system is damaged，the patient has little ability to fight off many other diseases. 参考译文: 由于人体的免疫系统遭到破坏，病人几乎没有什么能力来抵抗许许多多其他疾病的侵袭。

经典例题: Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid，a liquid，or a gas. 参考译文任何物质，无论它是固体、液体或气体，都是由原子构成的。

(2)代词的省略经典例题: The desert animals can hide themselves from the heat during the daytime. 参考译文: 沙漠中的兽类能躲避白天的炎热天气。

经典例题: We all took it for granted that he would attend the meeting，but in the end he never turned up. 参考译文: 我们都想当然地以为他会来开会，但直到最后他也没有露面。

经典例题: We live and learn.参考译文: 活到老，学到老。

(3)连词的省略经典例题: Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. 参考译文同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。

经典例题: He looked gloomy and troubled. 参考译文: 他看上去有些忧愁不安。

英语笔译技巧省略法英语笔译技巧:省略法省略法是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中可以省略，不必翻译出来。

因为译文中虽然没有这个词，但是已经具有了原文这个词所表达的意思，或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的。

省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅，更符合译文习惯。

但需要注意的是，省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去，省略不能改变原文的意义。

根据汉语习惯，前句出现一个主语，后句如仍为同一主语，就不必重复出现。

英语中通常每句都有主语，因此人称代词作主语往往屡次出现，这种人称代词汉译时常常可以省略。

英语中，泛指人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，在汉语译文中往往也可以省略。

I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice.我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。

He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.他瘦弱憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。

We live and learn.活到老，学到老。

The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain.人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。

英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提到过，翻译时往往可以省略。

The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revealed them.他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。

Please take off the old picture and throw it away.请把那张旧画取下来扔掉。

英语句子中的物主代词出现的频率相当高。

一个句子往往会出现好几个物主代词，如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来，那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。