中考英语专项突破动词

（英语）中考必备英语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、动词1．________, Tom! It's time to get up and go to school.A. Wake upB. Make upC. Grow upD. Look up 【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：汤姆,醒醒！到了起床上学的时间了。

wake up醒来、叫醒；make up编造、弥补；grow up长大；look up查找。

根据句意选A。

【点评】考查短语动词辨析。

2．My elder brother my wet sports shoes and made me sit by the fire.A. took offB. kicked offC. carried outD. put out【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋，让我坐在炉火旁．took off脱掉．kicked off踢开．carried out进行，执行．put out扑灭．根据题干后半句made me sit by the fire让我坐在炉火旁．可推知前半句意思为我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋．结合选项只有A符合题意．故选A．【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

3．- Who your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday? – My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.A. put onB. looked afterC. gave upD. turned off 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查动词辨析。

句意：当你外出度假时，谁照顾你的宠物狗？-----我的邻居，一个热心的女人。

A.穿，张贴； B.照顾；C.放弃；D.关。

结合句意可知选B。

4．—The fire at around 3 a. m. local time when people were celebrating with fireworks.—I'm sorry to hear it.A. broke outB. ran outC. went outD. put out【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查动词短语辨析。

(八)动词和动词短语Ⅰ.单项填空。

实义动词辨析(C)1.—Can I borrow your English book，please?—Sure.But you must ________ it to me soon.A．keep B．buyC．return D．hold(A)2.After the serious illness，he finally ________ how important health is.A．realized B．meantC．added D．impressed(C)3.The old man's eyesight isn't very good.He often ________ Tim for Jim.A．regards B．treatsC．mistakes D．thinks(B)4.—How was the concert last night?—It was so good.Though it nearly ________four hours，few people left early.A．covered B．lastedC．reached D．played(C)5.—Why does Zhang Lei look unhappy?—Because her best friend didn't ________ her to go to the party tonight.A．make B．haveC．invite D．refuse(B)6.David ________ his friend's invitation to the picnic in order to stay at home and have a good rest.A．expected B．refusedC．received D．told(A)7.—Who's that boy in a red coat?—He is my new friend.Let me________ him to you.A．introduce B．tellC．promise D．say(D)8.Excuse me.May I ________ you to pass me the sugar?A．keep B．makeC．let D．trouble(A)9.—Who jumps farthest in your school?—Henry ________.A．does B．jumpsC．has D．is(A)10.The children are making too much noise.I can't ________it.A．stand B．hearC．consider D．know(A)11.My parents said they would come to visit me.I couldn't________to see them after being away from home for several months.A．wait B．helpC．expect D．afford(C)12.—I've no idea where to go next month.—Why not________visiting Beijing？There are so many places of interest there.A．suggest B．wonderC．consider D．regard(B)13.As he ________，he has passed the entrance examination.A．changed B．expectedC．followed D．depended(C)14.—Why is Lily so popular among the students?—Because she often ________ us with help and care.A．gives B．offersC．provides D．supports(C)15.Please ________ the picture.Can you ________ a bird?A．watch；see B．see；look atC．look at；see D．see；look(B)16.I usually________about two hours reading books every day，because reading enriches the mind. A．pay B．spendC．take D．cost(C)17.They w alked home last night because they couldn't________to take a taxi.A．leave B．provideC．afford D．allow(D)18.—How long can I ________ this novel Gulliver's Travels?—Only two weeks.A．borrow B．lendC．return D．keep感官动词辨析(B)19.—Have you ever listened to the song Baby?—Yes，it ________ wonderful.All of us like it very much.A．smells B．soundsC．looks D．tastes(D)20.—How about the silk skirt?—It ________ soft！I'll take it.A．tastes B．soundsC．smells D．feels(A)21.Listen！The whole class is quiet now.It ________ that everyone falls asleep.A．seems B．looksC．sounds D．gets(B)22.Wow，the dish ________ delicious.Could you please tell me how to cook it?A．keeps B．tastesC．sounds D．feels情态动词辨析(C)23.—May I go to the cinema，Mom?—Certainly.But you ________ be back by 11 o'clock.A．can B．mayC．must D．need(C)24.—________ I speak to Lily，please?—I'm sorry she ________ come to the phone because she is busy now.A．Might；won't B．Can；mustn'tC．May；can't D．Could；shouldn't(D)25.—I want to know if I ________ smoke here.—No，you ________.Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” on the wall?A．can；needn't B．must；can'tC．shall；won't D．can；mustn't(D)26.—Must I go there with you?—No，you ________.David ________ go with me.A．mustn't；can B．can't；mustC．don't；should D．needn't；may(B)27.You ________ be careful when crossing the road—the traffic lights aren't working. A．might B．shouldC．could D．may(C)28.—Could I borrow your ruler?—Yes，of course you ________.A．will B．shouldC．can D．need(D)29.You ________ return the book now.You can keep it u ntil next week if you like. A．have to B．can'tC．mustn't D．needn't(C)30.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but luckily everyone ________ get out. A．had to B．wouldC．was able to D．could(B)31.Susan，you ________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A．wouldn't B．mustn'tC．needn't D．may not(B)32.—You can sit and read the books here if you ________.—Thank you very much.A．can B．willC．may D．must(C)33.—________ the work be finished by the end of this week?—Yes，it must.A．Will B．ShallC．Need D．Can(A)34.—Must I wash all the clothes this afternoon?—No，you ________.A．don't have to B．mustn'tC．can't D．may not(C)35.—Must I clean the room now?—No，you________.You can do it tomorrow.A．mustn't B．may notC．needn't D．wouldn't(D)36.I missed the last bus，so I ________ go home on foot.A．must B．have toC．may D．had to(A)37.—Whose notebook is this?—It ________ be Tom's.It has his name on it.A．must B．mayC．might D．can't(C)38.—Is Paul coming by train?—He should，but he ________.He likes driving his car.A．can't B．needn'tC．may not D．mustn't(A)39.—Isn't that Ann's husband over there?—No，it ________ be him.I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.A．can't B．must notC．won't D．may not(C)40.—Listen！Someone is singing in the next room.Who ________ it be？Is it Zhu Lei?—No，it ________ be her.She is at school now.A．will；may not B．must；mustn'tC．may；can't D．may；won't(A)41.—How is your father going to Nanning?—I'm not sure.He________ drive there.A．may B．canC．must D．will(C)42.His room is dark.He must ________ to bed.A．go B．be goingC．have gone D．have been动词短语辨析(C)43.Bob is taking the desks away because they ________ too much room.A．stand up B．pick upC．take up D．listen up(D)44.—Tom，it's cold outside.________ your coat when you go out.—OK，Mom.A．Take off B．Take awayC．Put away D．Put on(B)45.—When will Han Han's new book ________？—Sorry，I don't know.I'm looking forward to his new book，too.A．come on B．come outC．come in D．c ome over(B)46.—Great changes have taken place in this city.—Right.Many modern buildings have been ________ these days.A．turned up B．set upC．shown up D．fixed up(C)47.Don't worry！I'm sure you'll ________ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them. A．catch up with B．agree withC．get along well with D．make friends(B)48.People have________ too many trees to make desks，chairs，chopsticks and so on.A．cut up B．cut downC．put up D．put off(C)49.Don't waste your time.You should________ your work.A．hang out B．look forC．concentrate on D．go by(D)50.—Don't ________，boys and girls.Keep working hard and you will pass the exam.—Thank you，Mr.Yang.We'll try our best.A．put up B．call upC．set up D．give up(A)51.—The problem is too hard to ________.Will you give me some advice?—There are many ways，but the most important is to have a careful plan.A．work out B．look outC．hand out D．put out(B)52.If you see any litter on the school playground，you'd better________.A．give it aw ay B．pick it upC．turn it off D．put it onⅡ.根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

专项一词汇重难点08动词和动词短语1.实义动词1.1.常考动词的用法辨析（1)look,see,watch,read的区别：（3)borrow,lend,keep的区别：1.2.及物动词和不及物动词（1)及物动词：可接单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语结构。

When someone gives me money, I feel they don't think at all.give后接双宾语（间接宾语＋直接宾语）当有人给我钱时，我感觉他们根本就没有思考。

We elected him monitor of our class.elect后接复合宾语（宾语＋宾补）我们选他当我们班的班长。

（2)不及物动词：不及物动词后面一般不可以直接接宾语，但有时不及物动词和介词或副词一起使用，构成动词短语，此时其后可以接宾语。

What will happen without electricity?没有电，会发生什么？I'm waiting for the bus.我正在等公交车。

1.3.延续性动词和非延续性动词（1)延续性动词表示一种可持续的行为过程或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

而非延续性动词表示行为或过程在短暂瞬间内完成，不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已经开始10分钟了。

The film began ten minutes ago.电影10分钟之前就开始了。

（2)延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换：连系动词指连接主语和表语的动词，主要用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态。

连系动词只有主动形式。

2.助动词助动词本身没有词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等，帮助构成否定、疑问、强调或省略等。

3.1.助动词be的用法be用作助动词和用作连系动词一样，有人称、数和时态的变化，主要用来构成进行时态和被动语态。

(九)动词的时态和语态Ⅰ.单项填空。

动词的时态(B)1.—Hi，Wang Ning！How's the weather in Jinan now?—It is terrible.It ________ all the morning.A．rains B．is rainingC．rained D．will rain(A)2.—What does your sister like doing in her free time?—She ________ watching TV.A．likes B．likedC．has liked D．had liked(C)3.Do you know if________ back next week？If he ________ back，please let me know.A．he comes；will comeB．will he come；comesC．he will come；comesD．will he come；will come(C)4.—May I see Mr.Lin，please?—Well，I'm afraid he's not in at the moment.I think he ________ back soon.A．came B．has comeC．will be D．was(D)5.Look at those big black clouds.It ________ rain.Let's hurry.A．must B．willC．would D．is going to(B)6.—My daughter ________ her driving test yesterday.—Congratulations.She had practiced driving really hard.A．passes B．passedC．has passed D．had passed(C)7.—Your e­mail address again？I ________ quite catch it.—Hu123@.A．don't B．can'tC．didn't D．won't(B)8.—Oh，Mrs.King，your necklace looks nice.Is it new?—No，I________ it for two years.A．had B．have hadC．bought D．have bought(A)9.—________ to the United States?—No，never.But I went to Canada a few years ago.A．Have you ever been B．Have you goneC．Did you go D．Will you go(D)10.—Are Li Yan and Wang Mei still living in Ningbo?—No，they ________ to Sh anghai.A．had moved B．movedC．will move D．have moved(C)11.—Do you know the man over there?—Yes.I________ him several times since last month.A．see B．sawC．have seen D．had seen(D)12.—What do you think of my answer to the question?—Sorry.What's that？I________ about something else.A．thought B．am thinkingC．have thought D．was thinking(D)13.—Amy，I cal led you yesterday evening，but nobody answered the phone.—Oh，I ________ a walk with my mother at that time.A．take B．tookC．am taking D．was taking(B)14.—What is the weather like today?—It is cloud y.And I thin k it ________.A．was raining B．is going to rainC．is raining D．rained(A)15.—Tom，________ you ever ________ that new film?—Yes.I ________ it a week ago.A．have；seen；sawB．have；seen；seeC．do；see；seeD．had；seen；saw(C)16.It ________ over sixty years since the People's Republic of China was founded.A．was B．had beenC．is D．will be(B)17.Don't make any noise.We ________ to a piece of wonderful music at the moment.A．will listen B．are listeningC．listen D．have listenin g(A)18.—I saw her smoking in the restaurant yesterday afternoon.—But she seldom________.A．smokes B．had smokedC．smoked D．is smoking(C)19.—How do you like your school，Feifei?—Quite good.The number of students her e ________ year by year.A．increased B．was increasingC．is increasing D．are increasing(B)20.—Has your sister finished her report?—Sorry，I don't know.She ________ it this morning.A．is writing B．was writingC．writes D．has written(B)21.—Why are you in such a hurry，Mike?—There ________ an NBA game in ten minutes.A．will have B．will beC．is going to have D．are going to be(C)22.—Jenny wants to know if you ________ a hiking trip tomorrow.—Of course we will.But if it ________，we'll visit the Space Museum instead.A．will go on；will rain B．go on；rainsC．will go on；rains D．go on；will rain(B)23.—What's that terrible noise?—The neighbors ________ for a party.A．have prepared B．are preparingC．prepare D．will prepare(D)24.—When did the meeting begin?—At four o'clock.It ________ for 15 minutes.A．was on B．beganC．has begun D．has been on(D)25.—Li Kai，hand in your homework，please.—Oh，sorry.I ________ it at home this morning.A．was leaving B．have leftC．leaves D．left(A)26.—Where ________ you ________ lunch?—At home.There was no school lunch.A．did；have B．are；havingC．will；have D．do；have(A)27.Henry will give us a report as soon as he ________．A．arrives B．arrivedC．is arriving D．will arrive(B)28.Tony ________ football every weekend when he was young.A．plays B．playedC．is playing D．has played(C)29.We have no more vegetables in the fridge.I ________ and buy some.A．go B．wentC．will go D．was going(C)30.Julie's father ________ to London last month.He ________ there three times.A．went；had gone B．has gone；has beenC．went；has been D．has been；had gone(D)31.—I didn't see you at the meeting yesterday.Why?—I ________ for an important telephone call at that moment.A．wait B．waitedC．am waiting D．was waiting(A)32.—We all went to the cinema except you last night.Why didn't you come?—Be cause I ________ that movie twice.A．have watched B．had watchedC．was watching D．would watch动词的语态(C)33.Students ________ not to use mobile phones in our school now.A．ask B．askedC．are asked D．were asked(C)34.—Dad，please open the door.It ________.—OK，dear.I am coming.A．locks B．lockedC．is locked D．was locked(D)35.—How often do I need to feed the dog?—It ________ food every day，or it will be hungry.A．must give B．must be giveC．must gave D．must be given(B)36.I believe that those mountains ________ with trees in a few years.A．are covered B．will be coveredC．are covering D．will cover(B)37.—Did you go to Jim's birthday party?—No，I ________.A．am not invited B．wasn't invitedC．haven't invited D．didn't invite(C)38.We ________ to start at once，or we will miss the train.A．tell B．have toldC．are told D．told(C)39.—When ________ the car ________？—Sorry，I don't know.A．does；invent B．did；inventC．was；invented D．was；inventing(C)40.—Do you have any problems if you ________ this job?—Well，I'm thin king about the working time.A．offer B．will offerC．are offered D．be offered(B)41.The dragon boat race ________ every year on the Dragon Boat Festival in southern China.A．holds B．is heldC．will hold D．will be held(C)42.The gifts________ by my friends yesterday.A．are bought B．is broughtC．were bought D．was bought(C)43.—I ________to make a decision for myself.What should I do?—If I ________you，I'd talk with my parents.A．don't allow；amB．won't allow；wasC．am not allowed；wereD．weren't allowed；be(B)44.Paul________ enter Mr.Smith's house just now.A．saw to B．was seen toC．was seen D．saw(C)45.Your application won't________ until you complete the survey.A．accepts B．receiveC．be accepted D．be received(B)46.—Food safety is very important.—So some rules________ to stop people from polluting food.A．make B．must be madeC．must made D．be made(B)47.Please don't stand up in class until you ________.A．were told to B．are told toC．were told D．are told(C)48.A talk on American culture________ in the school hall yesterday afternoon.A．gave B．will giveC．was given D．will be given(D)49.—God，your classro om is so dirty.—We were busy getting ready for the final exam last week.It ________.A．hasn't cleaned B．didn't cleanC．was clean D．wasn't cleaned(D)50.Many houses ________ in that earthquake.A．is destroyed B．are destroyedC．was destroyed D．were destroyed(D)51.—What languages ________ in that country?—German and English.A．are speaking B．is spokenC．is speaking D．are spoken(D)52.—John，your room is really in a mess.It needs ________．—Sorry，Mom.I'll do it at once.A．clean B．cleanedC．to clean D．to be cleaned(B)53.Each year quite a lot of food ________ around the world.It's really time for us to do something.A．are wasted B．is wastedC．wasted D．will be wasted(C)54.—You bought a new car！An American car?—No，a Chinese car.It ________ in Changchun.A．makes B．madeC．was made D．will be madeⅡ.根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

考点四. 作定语不定式、动名词和分词都能作定语。

1．现在分词多表示主动或进行，过去分词多表示被动或完成；不定式则更多地表示将来的动作；动名词作定语，多表示所修饰名词的用途。

2．不定式作定语与其所修饰的名词之间构成一定的逻辑关系，主要有：1）不定式所修饰的名词是后面作定语的不定式的逻辑主语（尤其是名词前有序数词或最级修饰）。

这里不定式除修饰名词外，还可修饰代词和数词。

2）被修饰的那个名词是后面作定语的不定式的逻辑宾语。

3）作定语的不定式用来说明被修饰的名词的内容。

这个不定式相当于被修饰的那个名词的表语。

这类名词常见的有：chance, courage, ability, right(权利)等。

3. way后接不定式作宾语。

1. —Do you know Neil Armstrong? (北京)—Yes, He is the first man ______ on the moon.A. walkB. walksC. to walkD. walked【答案】C【解析】名词man前有序数词the first修饰，故用不定式作定语。

man是不定式的逻辑主语。

2. A nurse _______ Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother _____ away. (兰州)A. naming... isB. naming...will beC. named ...isD. named…will be【答案】C3. There are some people _____ soccer in the park. (重庆渝北)A. playB. playsC. playingD. to play【答案】C【解析】句意：一些人正在公园里踢足球。

此处应用现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作。

4. —We’re going to see a movie. Would you like to join us? (广安)—Sorry, I have too much homework _______.A. Will doB. need doC. doD. to do【答案】D【解析】句意：——我们要去看电影。

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破-情态动词一、选择题—Who took the book away—It _____ be Jack. Nobody else entered the room except him.A．could B．can't C．must D．mightBe careful on the stairs, or you _____ fall.A．can B．must C．need D．might—How nice the building is! What is it for—It _____ a hotel. But I'm not sure.A．must be B．have to be C．may be D．can beThese pears are too big. You should _____.A．cut it up B．cut up it C．cut up them D．cut them upThe river is too deep. You _____ swim in it.A．could't B．mustn't C．needn't D．don'tCould you please _____ off the radio I'm listening to it.A．turn B．not turn C．to turn D．not to turnI _____ find my Chinese textbook. Where is itA．can't B．am not C．can D．don't—Helen, who _____ fix up the computer in our class—I think Jeff can.A．should B．would C．must D．canWe should keep quiet in the cinema. We speak loudly.A．can B．must C．needn't D．mustn'tThe world _____ not be ready for me, but ready or not, I am here now.A．can B．may C．should D．must—Who is the boy over there Is it Jack—It _____ be him. He is much taller.A．can't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．won't—_____ you come to my party on Sunday—Sorry, I'm not available. I _____ study for the math test.A．Can; must B．Must; can C．Need; may D．May; can—Are you going to the cinema tonight—I don't know. I _____ go or I _____ stay at home.A．will; will B．must; must C．should; should D．might; mightPlease speak loudly, or students at the back _____ hear you.A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't—I've told you many times you _____ put the scissors there. The kids may play with them.—Sorry, I won't do it again.A．wouldn't B．mustn't C．couldn't D．needn't—When will you come back from Shanghai—We _____ come back the day after tomorrow.A．may B．maybe C．may beIf you feel angry, you should _____ a deep breath.A．take B．taking C．to take— Listen! I think it _____ be Susan singing in the office.—No. It _____ be her. She left for London two days ago.A．must; can't B．may; mustn't C．must; mustn'tLook at the "No Parking"sign. You _____ park your car here.A．should B．needn't C．mustn'tHis sister _____ speak any English two years ago, but now she _____ talk to Americans in English.A．couldn't; could B．couldn't; can C．can't; could D．can't; canFive hours' walk, and you _____ be tired. Now sit down and have a rest.A．can B．should C．must D．willI _____ ride a bike when I was six years old.A．could B．would C．should D．canWe _____ respect the disabled and be kind to them.A．dare to B．ought to C．have to—Must we clean the classroom now—No, you _____. You can do it after school.A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．needn't—Do I have to finish my homework before supper—Yes, you _____, or you can't go to the theater with us.A．can B．must C．mayHe _____ like coffee. I see him drink a cup sometimes.A．can't B．must C．may D．mustn't—Look! Fireworks!—Wow! How beautiful! But people living in this area can't _____ fireworks.A．let off B．get off C．let out D．get out—What will the weather be like this afternoon, Anna—It _____ be fine. But who knows It's always changing quickly.A．must B．will C．may D．need—What's your plan for the winter holiday—I _____ go back to my hometown with my parents. They haven't decided yet. A．must B．may C．need D．shouldTeachers should _____ their students to practice _____ English as much as possible. A．let; speaking B．encourage; speakingC．make; speak D．let; speakJohn _____ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.A．may B．can C．has to D．mustYou _____ be afraid of that dog. Look. It's a toy.A．needn't B．can't C．mustn't D．don't—Jeff, you _____ swim alone in the river. It's dangerous.—Sorry, I won't.A．can B．must C．should D．shouldn't—Must I get there on time—No, you _____.A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn'tAll the drivers _____ reduce speed when driving near the zebra crossing.A．may B．can C．must D．need—Tom, please tell Jack the good news.—I _____. His father has told him about it already.A．don't have to B．have to C．must D．mustn'tThe man can't _____ stories, but he can _____.A．tells; sings B．say; dance C．tell; swimPeter can't go to the party because he _____ look after his sister at home.A．can B．has to C．would likeThe girl was _____ scared that she _____ say a word.A．so; can't B．too; couldn't C．so; couldn't—_____—I would like some ice cream, please.A．What kind do you want B．What size would you likeC．May I take your order D．Is there any ice cream—Where are you going to study—I'm not sure. I _____ study in Beijing.A．might B．should C．must D．canYou _____ drive so fast, for we have enough time to arrive at the station.A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．shouldn'tA country has dreams. We teenagers _____ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created.A．may B．must C．should D．can—Can you come to my party on Thursday, Jenny—Sorry, I can't. I _____ finish my homework first.A．may B．will C．have to D．canIt is raining now, Jim can't _____ on the playground.A．do morning exercises B．does morning exercisesC．do morning exercise D．does morning exercise—Hurry up, Jeff! Let's cross the road as fast as possible.—No, you _____. Don't you see the light is still redA．couldn't B．wouldn't C．mustn't D．needn't—Molly, can you swim—Yes, I _____. I do it really well!A．can B．can't C．need D．must—Must I make a phone call to him now—No, you _____. You _____ write an email.A．mustn't; may B．may not; mustC．shouldn't; must D．don't have to; may—I can't stop smoking, doctor.—For your health, I'm afraid you _____.A．may B．can C．have to D．need—Must I practice soccer every day—No, you _____.A．must B．mustn't C．needn't D．can't答案一、选择题（共50题）1. 【答案】C【解析】——谁把书拿走了？——一定是杰克，除了他没人进房间。

2024年中考英语专题复习精练—动词词组（2）中考真题：1.（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Paper cut-outs of “double happiness” are often ________ in the married couple’s home to bring good wishes.A．put back B．put up C．put on D．put off【答案】B【详解】句意：“双喜字”的剪纸经常被贴在新婚夫妇的家里，以表达美好的祝愿。

考查动词短语。

put back放回去；put up张贴；put on穿上；put off推迟。

“Paper cut-outs of ‘double happiness’ ”是一种剪纸，人们会把它贴在家里。

故选B。

2.（2023·天津·统考中考真题）Lisa is a popular monitor. She ________ her classmates and teachers. A．takes part in B．gets on well withC．gets into trouble with D．keeps clear of【答案】B【详解】句意：丽莎是一位受欢迎的班长。

她与同学和老师相处得很好。

考查动词短语。

takes part in参加；gets on well with相处得很好；gets into trouble with惹上麻烦；keeps clear of避开，不接触。

根据“Lisa is a popular monitor.”可知是和同学老师相处得很好。

故选B。

3.（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）Our team ________ what to do about the project and successfully completed it on time.A．gave up B．worked out C．turned down D．took away【答案】B【详解】句意：我们的团队制定出了这个项目的方案，并成功地按时完成了。

第二部分语法专项第九章非谓语动词Ⅰ. 单项选择。

(A)1. (2015，河北)—It’s important for us to know ________ all the subjects.—Yeah, group work is my favorite.A. how to studyB. when to studyC. which to studyD. what to study【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语。

句意：对我们来说，知道怎样学习所有的科目很重要。

由答语可知上句是在询问学习方法，因此how to study为正确答案。

故选A。

(D)2. (2014，河北)Don’t forget ________ thanks when other people help you.A. acceptB. to acceptC. sayD. to say【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语。

句意：当别人帮助你时，不要忘了说谢谢。

由此可知所需动词为say，而动词forget后接动词不定式，意为“忘记去做某事”。

故选D。

Ⅱ. 连词成句。

(2018，河北)on time, to, remember, arriveRemember_to_arrive_on_time．【解析】句意：记得准时到达。

根据所给的标点可知是陈述句。

分析所给词汇可知是动词原形开头的祈使句，remember是动词，to arrive不定式作宾语，on time作时间状语。

Ⅰ. 单项选择。

(A)1. (2019，盐城)Mr. Wu keeps ________ his students that the future belongs to the welleducated.A. tellingB. to tellC. orderingD. to order【解析】考查动名词。

句意：吴老师一直教导他的学生，未来属于受过良好教育的人。

keep doing sth.意为“持续做某事”。

时间 at that time, this time yesterday, at 1:00 last night, at that moment, then, when 表示过去时间 —What were you doing at nine last night?昨天 例句 志词 的状语从句
晚上9点你正在干什么？
tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, 时间标 from now on, soon, in the future, in two days, 志词 (next系列) 例句 The twins will go to the cinema with their parents in two days. 这对双胞胎两天后要和父母一起去 看电影。 在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一 般将来时。
志词 since 1996 so far, they’ve only finished half of the task. 到 目前为止，他们只完成了一半的任务。 不能和表示过去的具体时间连用
例句
备注
考点二 时态的判断 根据安徽近 7 年真题分析可以看出，初中阶 段需掌握六种基本时态。学生应掌握动词时态的
【解析】考查动词的现在进行时。句意为“我找 不到大卫。他在哪儿？”“他正在家里为明天的 比赛做准备。”问句为一般现在时，可知答语表
示他此刻正在为明天的比赛做准备，应用现在进
行时，故选B。
3.根据时态呼应确定时态 主从复合句是初中英语语法的重点之一，主 从复合句中谓语动词时态的一致主要有以下几种 情况：
第二部分
专题十
语法专题突破
动词的时态
考点精讲
考点一 常见六种时态的用法和构成

考点 1：助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。助动词在句中与 实义动词或系动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气及否定、疑问或强调 结构。
【真题展示】
(2021·桂林)The zebra eats grass, but it ________eat meat.
A．doesn't B．didn't
Qiubai many years ago.
8.(2022·预测)They practice pplalyainying(play) the violin in the club every
Saturday.
g
9．(2020·连云港) Many Chinese people had t_o_tco_acnancceell__(cancel) their
【真题展示】
(2020·怀化)Journey to the West is interesting.Both my father and my sister
______the book very much.
A．likes B．like
C．dislike
【解析】考查动词辨析及主谓一致。句意：《西游记》很有趣，我父亲和
2．(2021·临沂)The minute the alarm clock CC , I got up and took a quick shower. A．went by B．went out C．went off
3．(2021·抚顺改编)Junior high school days are over and it's hard to AAour dear teachers and friends. A．separate from B．deal with C．believe in

第五节动词的时态和语态考点一时态1．一般现在时(1)表示现在的状态以及经常性或习惯性的动作。

He often gets up at six in the morning.他经常早上6点起床。

(2)表示不受时间限制的客观事实或普遍真理。

As we know，light travels faster than sound.众所周知，光比声音传播得快。

(3)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。

As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow，we'll have a trip on schedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。

[名师点津]常用来表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，只限于表示起止的动词如go，come，arrive，leave，start，fly，return等。

The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.足球实况转播今晚9点钟开始。

2．一般过去时(1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

Long long ago，there was a war between birds and beasts.很久很久以前，鸟类和兽类发生过一场战争。

(2)表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。

I didn't know you were here.How long have you been here？我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？3．一般将来时(1)表示将来的动作或状态常用will/shall＋动词原形；表示临时做出的决定用will＋动词原形。

—The light is still on.——灯还亮着。

—Sorry，I'll go and turn it off.——很抱歉，我这就去关掉。

(2)be going to表示按计划、打算要做某事，此外，还可以表示根据现在的迹象对未来做出判断。

考点一
考点二
考点三
4.—Mum,
I go fishing with my friends now?
—Sure, but you
make your bed first.
A.can; need
B.may; have to
C.must; need D.need; must
答案:B
解析:征询别人意见时用委婉语气, 句首应为may, could等词。
考点一
考点二
考点三
(3)否定形式的不同: must的否定形式是mustn’t, 表示“禁 止, 不应该”; have to的否定形式是not have to, 表示“不必”, 相当于needn’t。如:
The boy had to stay at home alone because his parents both
stay at home until my
parents come back.
A.canபைடு நூலகம்
B.may
C.must
D.could
解析:句意: 我不能和你一起去。我必须待在家里直到我父
母回来。must“必须”。故选C项。
答案:C
考点一
考点二
考点三
活学活用
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点一
考点二
考点三
3.—Who’s drawing under the tree?
考点三
情态 用法
动词
含义 例句
用于第二人称疑问句中, will/ 表示征求意见或提建议 would will 用于各种人称, 表示
意愿
愿意
Will/Would you please take out the trash?

二．中考必备短语一．同一动词1.break短语break down 崩溃；故障break in 闯入；打断break off 突然停止；暂停break out 突然发生；爆发break up（使）破碎；分解2.call短语call in 召来；叫来call（sb.）back（给某人）回电话call on 号召call up 打电话给（某人）；征召call sb. at.. 拨打……（电话号码）找某人e短语come across (偶然)遇见(或发现) come back回来；回想起来come from 来自come in进入；进来come on快点儿come over顺便来访；过来come to oneself 苏醒；恢复知觉come true 实现；成为现实come out 出现；显露；出版；发表；结果是come up with 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)4.cut 短语cut down 砍倒cut in 插嘴cut off 切除cut out删除；删去cut up 切碎5.fall短语fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love 爱上；喜欢上fall over 绊倒6.get短语get a surprise 吃惊get angry 生气get away逃离(某地)；摆脱(某人) get back返回；回来get close to 接近get down下来；吞下；使沮丧get dressed穿上衣服get good grades/scores 取得好成绩get in 陷入；参与get in the way of... 挡......的路；妨碍get in touch with... 和......取得联系get into the habit of... 养成......的习惯get into trouble 遇上麻烦；陷入困境get lost迷路get mad大动肝火；气愤get married 结婚get off下车get on上车；进展get out 逃离；外出get on/along (well) with和睦相处；关系良好get out of... 离开；逃离；从......出来get out of control 失去控制get over克服get popular 受欢迎；流行get ready for... 为……做准备(＝prepare for) get rid of 摆脱get to到达get together相聚get up起床；站起get used to... 习惯于……7.give短语give away 赠送；捐赠give back归还；恢复(健康等)give birth to生孩子；产生give in屈服；让步give off发出(光、热、声音、气味等) give out分发；散发give up 放弃give (sb.) a lift 捎（某人）一程give a speech 发表演讲give a seat to sb. 给某人让座give sb. a hand 给予某人帮助go abroad 出国go away走开；离开go along（the street）沿着（这条街）走go back 回去go boating 去划船go by 时间逝去；经过go camping 去野营go fishing 去钓鱼go for a picnic 去野餐go for a walk 去散步go home 回家go off (闹钟)发出响声go on 继续go on a trip 去旅行go on a vacation 去度假go out外出(娱乐)go out of date 过时go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力go over 仔细检查；复习go shopping 去购物go through 浏览；翻阅；通过go to bed 去睡觉go to school 去上学go to sleep 开始睡觉；入睡go to the/a doctor 去看医生go to the movies 去电影院go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼9.look短语look after 照料；照顾look around向四周看look at看着look down 向下看look back at 回首（往事）；回忆；回顾look down upon/on瞧不起；轻视look for 寻找look forward to盼望；期待look into调查look like 看起来像look out留神；当心look out of... 从……朝外看look through快速查看；浏览look over... (仔细)检查；从……上面看look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看look up to 钦佩；仰慕(＝admire)10.make短语make a call 打电话make a choice 做选择make a difference影响；有作用make a fire 生火make a list 列清单make a living谋生make a mess弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）make a mistake 犯错make a plan 制定计划make a promise 许诺make a speech 做演讲make a wish许愿make an effort/efforts作出努力make dinner 做晚饭make dishes 做菜make...feel at home 使......感到宾至如归make friends结交朋友make money 挣钱make (a) noise/make noises 制造噪音make one's bed铺床make one's mind某人下定决心make one's own decision 自己做决定make one’s way 前往；费力地前进make progress取得进步make rules 制定规则make sense 讲得通；有道理make soup 做汤make sure 确保；查明make up 编造(故事、谎言等)make use of 使用，利用11.put短语put... away把……收起来put down记下；镇压；放下put off推迟put on增加(体重)；发胖put out熄灭；扑灭put sth. to good use 好好利用某物put up搭起；举起set off 动身；出发；使爆炸set out 出发；启程set up 建起；设立13.take短语take a message捎个口信；传话take a photo 照相take a rest 休息一会儿take a shower洗淋浴take a trip去旅行take a vacation/holiday 去度假take a walk散步；走一走take action采取行动take after (外貌或行为)像take an interest in... 对……感兴趣take away拿走take back 退还；收回take breaks(take a break) 休息take care当心；小心take care of照顾；处理take down 拆除；往下拽；记录take in 吸入；吞入(体内)take notes做笔记take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞take one's temperature 量体温take one’s time 从容进行；慢慢来take one's order点菜take out取出；拿出take over接收；接管take part in参加take place发生；出现take pride in... 为……感到自豪/骄傲(＝be proud of) take risks (take a risk) 冒险take sb’s place代替；替换take...seriously 认真对待......take subway乘地铁take the place of 代替，取代take the subway/bus 乘地铁/公交take turns轮流take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做14.turn短语turn down 拒绝turn...into 变成turn off 关掉turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开同一介词/副词型1.about短语argue about... 为……而争吵care about 关心；在意complain about 抱怨dream about梦到hear about 听说know about了解；知道learn about 了解；学习talk about谈论；讨论；议论think about思考；思索worry about担心；烦恼2.at短语arrive at 抵达knock at 敲laugh at 嘲笑look at看着point at 指着shout at... 冲......大声叫嚷3.away短语blow away 吹走clear away清除drive away 驱车离开；赶走get away逃离(某地)；摆脱(某人) give away 赠送；捐赠go away走开；离开move away 搬走；离开pass away去世put... away把……收起来run away 跑开sweep away 扫去take away拿走throw away扔掉；抛弃walk away 步行离开wash away 冲走；洗掉bring back 恢复；使想起；归还call (sb.) back （给某人）回电话come back回来；回想起来get back返回；回来give back归还；恢复(健康等) look back 回顾，回头看pay back 偿还（借款等）shout back喊回去take back 撤消；拿回talk back 回嘴；顶嘴5.by短语be made by... 由.....制成drop by 顺便访问；随便进入go by （时间）逝去；经过pass/walk by 路过；经过6.down短语break down 发生故障calm down 平静下来；镇定下来close down （永久）关闭，关停cut down 砍倒die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌get down下来；吞下；使沮丧let...down 使......失望lie down 躺下look down 向下看look down upon/on瞧不起；轻视pass down 传下来；遗传pull down 拆下；摧毁put down记下；镇压；放下shoot down 射下shut down 停工，关闭sit down 坐下slow down 减速take down 拆除；往下拽；记录turn down拒绝；调低，调小(音量等) write down 写下；记录下7.for短语ask for 请求；恳求(给予) call for 要求；提倡；需要care for照顾；非常喜欢cheer for... 为......加油die for... 为......而死fight for... 为......而战hope for 盼望；希望（得到）leave for... 动身去；到……地方去look for 寻找，寻求pay for付费；付出代价prepare for... 为……做准备search for 寻找；寻求stand for代表wait for等候；等待8.from短语borrow...from... 从......借......come from/be from 来自die from 死于hear from... 接到（某人的）信、电话等keep away from 避免接近；远离learn... from... 向......学习......prevent sb./sth. from 阻止某人/某物做某事protect... from... 保护......免受......的侵害run away from 逃离；逃避separate from 分离；隔开stay away from 远离；躲避stop... from doing sth. 阻止......做某事9.in短语arrive in 到达believe in 信任；信赖break in 突然闯入；打断call in 召来；叫来come in进入；进来cut in 插嘴；干预fill in 填补；填写get in 陷入；参与give in屈服；让步hand in 上交；提交；呈送join in / take part in 参加take an interest in... 对……感兴趣take in 吸入；吞入(体内)take part in参加take pride in... 为……感到自豪/骄傲(＝be proud of)10.into短语divide... into 把......分成fall / drop into 落入；陷入get into 陷入；参与knock into... 与......相撞look into调查rush into 冲入translate......into 把.....翻译成turn into变成walk into 走路时撞上11.of短语be made of... 由......制成/组成come out of... 从......出来die of 死于dream of 梦想；梦见get hold of 抓住get out of... 离开；从......出来hear of 听说look out of... 从……朝外看remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事run out of 用尽；耗尽take care of 照顾；处理take the place of 代替，取代think of 认为；想起12.off短语break off 突然停止；中断cut off 切除clean off 把……擦掉cool off 冷静下来；使变凉fall off... 从......掉下来get off下车give off发出(光、热、声音、气味等)go off (闹钟)发出响声keep off 避开；(雨、雪等)没有下；回避某话题kick sb. off 开除某人pay off 还清（欠款等）put off 推迟see...off 为......送行set off 出发show off炫耀；卖弄shut off 关闭；停止运转start off 出发，开始take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞turn off 关掉13.on短语agree on... 对......取得一致意见carry on 继续come on快点儿depend on 依靠；依赖fight on 坚持，继续奋斗focus on 致力于；使聚焦于go on 继续hold on 等一等（别挂电话）keep on 坚持knock on 敲land on 着陆；登陆live / feed on... 以......为食look down upon/on瞧不起；轻视pass on 传递put on增加(体重)；发胖try on 试穿turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开work on 从事；忙于14.up短语break up 粉碎；破碎bring up养育；抚养call up 打电话给(某人)；征召cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来clean up打扫(或清除)干净climb up 攀登；升高cut up切碎dress up装扮；乔装打扮drink up 喝光eat up 吃光end up最终成为；最后处于fix up 修理；装饰get up 起床；站起give up 放弃go up 上去grow up长大；成熟；成长hang up挂断(电话)heat up 使变热；加热hurry up 赶快；急忙(做某事) lift up 举起；抬起light up 照亮line up 排列；排队look up （在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅；抬头看make up 编造(故事、谎言等)mix up 混合在一起pick up接电话put up 搭起；举起ring up 打电话set up建起；设立show up赶到；露面speak up 大点儿声说；大胆讲stand up 起立；(论点、论据等)站得住脚的；经久耐用的stay up深夜不睡；熬夜take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做think up 想出turn up 调高（音量）；出现use up 用完；耗尽wake...up把……弄醒warm up 热身；做准备活动15.out短语blow out吹灭break out （战争、火灾等）突然发生；爆发bring out 使显现；使表现出call out 呼唤check out察看；观察clean... out清除；把……打扫干净clear out清理；丢掉come out 出来；出版cry out 呐喊；呼喊cut out删除；删去die out 灭绝；消失eat out出去吃饭figure out 计算出；弄明白find out 查明；弄清(情况)get out of 离开；从……出来go out外出(娱乐)hand out分发hang out闲逛；常去某处help out (帮助……）分担工作、解决难题lay out摆开；布置leave out 忽略；不提及；不包括look out 当心；注意；向外看point out指出put out 扑灭；熄灭reach out 伸出run out (of) 用尽；耗尽sell out 卖光send out 发送；派遣set out出发；启程take out取出；拿出try out 参加选拔；试用work out成功地发展；解决16.over短语come over顺便来访；过来fall over 绊倒get over克服go over 仔细检查；复习look over... (仔细)检查；从……上面看take over接收；接管think over 仔细考虑run over to 跑到turn over翻身；翻转17.to短语according to依据；按照add to sth. 增加某物belong to sb. 属于某人compare... to... 把.....比作，把......比喻为...... dance to music 随着音乐起舞express... to... 向......表达......get to到达help oneself to... 请随便吃/喝......hold on to 继续；坚持；保持lead to 导致；通向lend... to... 把......借给......listen to 听live up to 活到look forward to期待；盼望look up to 钦佩；仰慕(＝admire)point to 指向（远处）say sorry/goodbye to sb. 向某人道歉/道别shout to... 对......大声喊叫speak to sb. 对某人说话spread... to... 向......传播......stick to坚持；固守talk to sb. 跟某人说used to (do) 过去常常（做）write to sb. 给某人写信18.with短语agree with... 同意；和……意见一致argue with... 和……争吵begin with... 以……开始break up with... 跟……分手；与……断绝关系catch up with赶上；跟上come up with 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等) communicate with sb. 和某人交流compare...with... 比较...；对比... connect...with... 把……和……连接或联系起来deal with 应对；处理do with 处理（与what连用）end up with... 以......结束fall in love with爱上fight with... 与......打架fill with 装满，充满get on/along (well) with和睦相处；关系良好have to do with... 关于；与……有关系help (sb.)with sth. 在某方面帮助（某人）keep in touch with... 与……保持联系make friends with 与......交朋友part with放弃；交出(尤指不舍得的东西) play with... 玩......；和......玩耍provide...with... 为……提供……share... with... 与......分享......stay with sb. 和某人待在一起talk with sb. 与某人交谈形容词短语1.be+adj.+about短语be careful about…对……小心be crazy about…对……疯狂be excited about… 对......感到兴奋be nervous about… 因......而紧张be pleased about… 因......感到高兴be sad about… 为......而难过be serious about… 对......是认真的be sorry about… 对......感到抱歉be sure about… 确信；对……有把握be worried about…对……感到担心2.be+adj.+at短语be amazed at…对......感到惊讶be angry at…因......而生气be good at… 擅长于……be mad at…对……生气be surprised at…对……感到惊讶3.be+adj.+for短语be bad for…对……有坏处be famous/known for… 因……而著名be good for…对……有好处be late for迟到be necessary for…对......有必要be/get ready for…为……做准备(＝prepare for) be responsible for… 对……有责任；负责任be short for… 是……的简称；是……的缩写be sorry for…对……感到抱歉/遗憾be suitable/fit for…适合……be thankful for…因……而感激be thirsty for 渴望；渴求4.be+adj.+from短语be a bsent from…缺席be different from… 与……不同；与……有差异be far from…远离……be separated from…与......分离5.be+adj.+of短语be afraid of…害怕……be ashamed of…对……感到羞愧be careful of… 小心，注意；当心……be fond of…喜欢……be full of… 满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的be proud of… 为……感到骄傲be short of… 缺少；不到；不够be sure of…对……有把握be tired of…对……感到厌倦6.be+adj.+in短语be born in…出生于be confident in…对......有信心be disappointed in…对......感到失望be interested in…对……感兴趣be rich in…富含......be strict in…对......要求严格be successful in…在......成功be talented in…在......方面有天赋be weak in…在……方面薄弱7.be+adj.+with短语be angry with…生……的气be bored with…对……感到厌烦be born with天生具有be busy with…忙于……be careful with…小心（对待）......be covered with…被......所覆盖be familiar wit h…对……熟悉be filled with充满；装满be friends with sb. 成为某人be patient with…对……有耐心be good with…善于应付……的；对……有办法be pleased with… 对……感到满意be popular with…受……欢迎be satisfied with…对……感到满意be strict with… 对……要求严格介词短语1.as短语as a result 因此；结果as...as... 像......一样......as far as I know 据我所知as for 至于；关于as if 好像as long as 只要；既然as soon as possible 尽快as usual 像往常一样as well 也；还有as you know如你所知2.at短语at a time 每次，一次at birth出生时at first起初；起先at home 在家at last最后；终于at least至少；不少于；起码at most 最多at night 在晚上at once立刻；马上at present目前；现在at school 在上学；在学校at that moment 在那时at that time 那时候at the age of… 在……岁时at the beginning of 在……开始at the bottom of… 在......底部at the end of… 在……末端，到……尽头at the foot of… 在......底部；在......脚下at the moment 此时；现在at the same time 同时at the top of… 在......顶部或顶端at times有时；偶尔at weekends/ the weekend 在周末at work 在工作3.by短语by accident 偶然；意外地(＝by chance) by air/ plane 乘飞机by bike 骑自行车by hand 手工by heart 凭记忆；能背诵by mistake 错误地；无意中by oneself 独自地by the end of在(某时间点)以前by the time在以前by the way顺便说(问)一下by train 乘火车by turns 轮流4.for短语for a while 一会儿for example例如(＝such as)for sale 待售for sure 无疑；肯定5.from短语across from…在……对面from now on 从今/此以后；今后from then on 从那时起from time to time 时常；有时from... to... 从......到......6.in短语in a hurry 匆忙地in a low voice 低声地in a row 连续几次地in a word 总之in agreement 一致；同意；意见一致in case of 万一in common共同的；共有的in control of 掌管；管理in danger处于危险之中in fact确切地说；事实上；实际上in front of…在......前面（外部）in general 总之，通常；一般而言in good health 健康状况良好in half 分成两半in need 在危难中；在困境中in need of 需要；缺少in one's opinion 依某人看in order整齐；秩序井然in order to目的是；为了in other words 换句话说in pain 痛苦地in peace 和平地in person亲身；亲自in public公开地；在别人(尤指生人)面前in return作为回报in silence沉默；无声in space 在太空中in style流行；时尚地in surprise 惊奇地in that case既然那样；假使那样的话in the distance 在远处in the end最后in the face of面对(问题、困难等)in the front of…在......前面（内部）in the future 在将来in the middle of…在......中间in this way 以这种方式in time及时in total总共；合计in trouble处于困境中(＝in need)in turn依次；轮流7.of短语ahead of…在......之前，提前all of a sudden 突然；猛地because of 因为；由于first of all 首先instead of 代替；而不是8.on短语on board在船(火车、飞机)上on business出差on duty值日；值班on fire着火；失火on foot步行on hand 在手边on holiday度假[＝on (a)vacation]on one’s own 独自on purpose故意地on sale出售；降价出售on show 展出on the Internet 在网上on the left 在左边on the right 在右边on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面......另一方面...... on the same day/date 在同一天on the / one’s way to…在某人去......的路上on time准时on weekends/the weekend (在)周末9.to短语according to…根据；按照；据......所说；视......而定close to 接近next to…紧靠......的旁边；贴近；最接近thanks to 多亏；由于to be honest 说实在的to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是；出乎某人的意料to start with起初；开始时up to 多达。

备战2022年中考英语重难词汇辨析突破练(通用版)突破练06 动词辨析1. — Who is the man there?— He is a teacher and he us English.A. teachesB. watchesC. asksD. calls【答案】A【解析】句意：——那里的男士是谁？——他是一位老师，教我们英语。

考查动词辨析。

teaches教；watches观看；asks问；calls称呼。

结合语境可知那边的男士是位老师，所以他教书。

故选A。

2. — Can your brother ________?— Yes. And he wants to join the art club.A. swimB. singC. danceD. draw【答案】D【解析】句意：——你的哥哥会画画吗？——他会，并且他想加入美术俱乐部。

考查动词辨析。

swim游泳；sing唱歌；dance跳舞；draw画画。

根据后文“he wants to join the art club”可知，本句问的是他是否会画画，故选D。

3. One of the boys ________ a pet. The pet is very cute.A. haveB. hasC. keepD. save【答案】B【解析】句意：男孩子中的一个有一只宠物，这只宠物很可爱。

考查动词和时态。

have有；has有，动词三单形式；keep保持；save救。

句子是一般现在时，主语“One of the boys”是单数概念，表达“有一只宠物”，动词用三单形式“has”。

故选B。

4. — Must I hand in the report now?— No, you ________. Tomorrow is OK.A. can’tB. needn’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t【答案】B【解析】句意：——我必须现在交报告吗？——不，你不需要。

专题14 情态动词单选题---备战2023年中考英语精选考点专项突破题集（解析版）1.(2022四川遂宁)2．—Whose physics book is this?—It ________ be Helen’s because her name is on it.A．mustn’t B．must C．might D．can’t【答案】B【解析】句意：——这是谁的图画书？——它一定是Helen的，因为她的名字在上面。

考查情态动词辨析。

mustn’t不允许；must一定；might可能；can’t不可能。

根据“because her name is on it”可知，此处是肯定猜测，一定是她的，故选B。

2.(2022四川成都)3．—There is a new art museum in our city. You _______ miss it.—Thank you. I won’t.A．can’t B．must C．needn’t【答案】A【解析】句意：——在我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆。

你不能错过它。

——谢谢。

我不会的。

考查情态动词辨析。

can’t不能；must必须；needn’t不需要。

根据“There is a new art museum in our city. You...miss it.”可知，不能错过这个新的艺术博物馆。

故选A。

3.(2022四川泸州)9．—David, do you know Su Yiming, a snowboarder from China?—Sure. He won the first place in the men’s Big Air Event. He ________ be hard-working.A．needn’t B．can’t C．should D．must【答案】D【解析】句意：——大卫，你认识来自中国的单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣吗？——当然。

（8）动词和动词短语——2024年中考英语真题专项汇编1.【2024年江苏无锡中考真题】I know how busy you are and I won't ________ too much of your time.A. take upB. set upC. make upD. put up2.【2024年江苏无锡中考真题】I couldn't ________ what else he has to say. Everyone knows that's a lie.A. supposeB. imagineC. realizeD. consider3.【2024年吉林长春中考真题】—Mom, could I ________ the TV I want to watch the news about space.—Of course. And don't sit too close.A. turn onB. turn offC. put onD. put off4.【2024年黑龙江绥化中考真题】—How much does the film ticket ________—Thirty-five yuan.A. spendB. costC. pay5.【2024年湖北武汉中考真题】—Ben, help me _____ the book from the shelf, will you It's out of my reach.—With pleasure.A. take downB. throw awayC. look throughD. hand out6.【2024年湖北武汉中考真题】—What a team! They're always pulling together.—Exactly. No force can _____ them.A. separateB. pushC. guardD. Shape7.【2024年湖北武汉中考真题】—Can you _____ your new coach —Hmm... I think he's very intelligent and humorous.A. believeB. describeC. supportD. follow8.【2024年四川达州中考真题】—Coco, I can't understand the meaning of this word.—You'd better ________ the word in your dictionary.A.look forB.look upC.look after9.【2024年四川自贡中考真题】—I didn't pass the exam again. What should I do—Don't ________. You'll succeed sooner or later.A.give upB.give backC.give away10.【2024年四川泸州中考真题】When you ________ Mamianqun (horse-face skirt), you will sense the beauty of China's traditional clothing.A.turn onB.get onC.put onD.depend on11.【2024年江苏连云港中考真题】The movie Chang An _________ China's rich history and culture to people around the world.A.protectsparesC.introducesD.discovers12.【2024年江苏连云港中考真题】To live a green life, we should remember to _________ the lights when we leave a room.A.turn onB.turn offC.turn upD.turn down13.【2024届·江苏南通·一模】The talented painter Pablo Picasso once said, “Every child is an artist. The problem is how to ________ an artist once he grows up.”A. remindB. respectC. remainD. require14.【2024届·江苏南通·一模】—Spring is a good time for setting goals.— That's true. The whole year's work ________ a good start in spring.A. carries outB. leads toC. makes upD. depends on15.【2024届·甘肃天水·模拟考试】—Don't forget to ____ the gas before we leave the house.—I've already checked. It's all taken care of.A. shut offB. clean upC. take offD. keep up参考答案1.答案：A解析：句意：我知道你有多忙，我不会占用你太多时间。

语法专项突破专题九非谓语动词非谓语动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语人称和数的限制，在句中可以用作其他句子成分。

非谓语动词有三种形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词。

考点一动词不定式动词不定式在句中可以作除谓语以外的一切成分：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、表语、定语和状语。

1．动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式置于句末。

常用句式：It is （not）＋adj.＋（for/of sb.）to do sth.。

To swim in the river is dangerous.＝It's dangerous to swim in the river.在河里游泳是危险的。

2．作表语。

往往置于连系动词be，seem等之后。

My job is to look after my sister.我的工作是照看我的妹妹。

3．作宾语。

常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词有：agre e，begin，start，dec ide，expect，learn，like，manage，pretend，want，try，wish，forget，remember，help等。

Don't forget to close the door.别忘了关门。

4．作定语。

动词不定式作定语时，要置于被说明和修饰的名词之后。

I have something to tell you.我有事要告诉你。

I need a house to live in.我需要一栋房子住。

5．作状语，表明目的、结果或原因等。

My little sister is too young to go to school.我的小妹太小而不能上学。

（结果状语）He opened the door for her to come in.他打开门让她进来。

（目的状语）6．作宾语补足语。

I expect you to write to me.我盼望你给我来信。