Some significant population changes are associated with modernization

人口的改变英文作文英文回答：Population change is a multifaceted phenomenon that can have profound implications for individuals, communities,and the global community at large. While the specific dynamics of population change vary depending on the context, there are some general trends that have been observedacross different populations and regions.One of the most significant aspects of population change is the rate of natural increase (RNI). The RNIrefers to the difference between the birth rate and the death rate in a given population. A positive RNI indicates that the population is growing, while a negative RNI indicates that the population is shrinking. The RNI can be influenced by a variety of factors, including access to healthcare, economic conditions, and social norms.Another important aspect of population change ismigration. Migration involves the movement of people from one place to another, either temporarily or permanently. Migration can be driven by factors such as economic opportunity, political instability, environmental disasters, or family reunification. It can have significant impacts on the demographic composition and social fabric of both the sending and receiving communities.In addition to natural increase and migration, population change can also be affected by demographic transitions. A demographic transition is a shift in the age structure and fertility patterns of a population thatoccurs over time. Demographic transitions are typically characterized by a decline in fertility and mortality rates, as well as an increase in the proportion of elderly individuals. These transitions can have implications for labor force participation, healthcare systems, and social welfare programs.Population change can have a variety of impacts on society. For example, population growth can lead to increased demand for resources, such as housing, food, andenergy. It can also lead to increased competition for jobs and other resources. Population decline, on the other hand, can lead to a shrinking labor force and a decline in economic growth. It can also lead to social isolation and a loss of cultural identity.Understanding the dynamics of population change is essential for developing effective policies and programs that address the challenges and opportunities associated with this phenomenon. By considering the factors that drive population change, and by anticipating the potential impacts of these changes, governments and other stakeholders can take steps to mitigate negative consequences and maximize positive outcomes.中文回答：人口变化是一个多方面的现象，它对个人、社区和整个国际社会都可能产生深远的影响。

城市化对生物多样性的影响英语作文Title: The Impact of Urbanization on BiodiversityIn the modern era, urbanization has become a prominent feature of global development. Cities are expanding at an unprecedented rate, transforming natural habitats into concrete jungles. This rapid urban growth has significant implications for biodiversity, which refers to the variety of life in the world. As we continue to reshape our environment, it is essential to understand how this process affects the delicate balance of nature.One of the most immediate impacts of urbanization is habitat loss. As cities expand, they often encroach upon forests, wetlands, and other natural areas that are home to countless species. These habitats provide food, shelter, and breeding grounds for wildlife. When they are destroyed or fragmented, many species struggle to survive. Some may even face extinction if they cannot adapt to the new conditions or find alternative habitats.Urbanization also leads to increased pollution, both in the air and water. Chemicals from industrial processes, vehicleemissions, and household waste can contaminate the environment, making it more challenging for plants and animals to thrive. Pollution can cause respiratory problems in birds and mammals, while aquatic species may be harmed by toxic substances in their water sources.Furthermore, urban environments often result in higher temperatures due to the heat island effect, where cities trap and retain heat more than rural areas. This temperature rise can disrupt the life cycles of many organisms, such as migratory patterns of birds and the hibernation habits of certain animals. The change in temperature can also affect plant growth and flowering times, which in turn influences the availability of food for pollinators like bees and butterflies.However, it is not all doom and gloom for biodiversity in urban settings. Cities can actually provide new opportunities for some species to adapt and flourish. For example, some bird species have found urban rooftops to be ideal nesting sites, free from ground-dwelling predators. Gardens and parks within cities offer refuge to various insects and small mammals, providing them with necessary resources like food and shelter.To mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on biodiversity, there are steps that can be taken. Green spaces within cities should be protected and expanded to create corridors for wildlife movement. Sustainable practices in construction and waste management can reduce pollution levels. Additionally, community involvement through initiatives like tree planting and creating wildlife-friendly gardens can contribute significantly to preserving biodiversity in urban areas.In conclusion, while urbanization poses challenges to biodiversity, there is hope for coexistence between human development and the natural world. By understanding these challenges and implementing thoughtful solutions, we can work towards a future where cities are not just centers of human activity but also havens for diverse forms of life.。

雅思写作islip范文Task 1: Report on Islip Population Changes.Islip is a place that has seen some rather interesting populationtrends over the years. Let's have a closer look at the data.In the year 2000, the population of Islip was a modest 10,000 people.It was like a small, cozy community where everyone sort of knew everyone else. The town was filled with little family run shops and quiet neighborhoods.However, things started to change. By 2010, the population hadincreased to 15,000. What caused this jump? Well, there were a few things. New job opportunities sprang up in nearby industrial areas. You know how it is when there are jobs, people come flocking in. Also, the local councilhad started to improve the infrastructure. There were new roads being built, and the public transport got a bit better. This made Islip more accessible and appealing to people from the surrounding areas.Then, in 2020, the population reached 20,000. This was a significant increase in just a decade. One of the main reasons was the expansion of educational facilities. A couple of really good schools were established in Islip. Parents are always on the lookout for good places to educate their kids, right? So families moved in for the sake of their children's education. Another factor was the growth of the housing market. New housing estates were built, offering a variety of homes from small apartments to large family houses.Looking at the age distribution, in 2000, there was a fairly even spread, but as the population grew, there was a notable increase in the number of young families. This is probably due to the factors we've alreadymentioned jobs, schools, and housing. The older population also grew slightly, but not at the same rate as the younger ones.In conclusion, Islip has transformed from a small town of 10,000 to a bustling community of 20,000 in two decades. It will be really interestingto see how its population continues to change in the future, depending on how the local economy, education, and housing situations develop.Task 2: Opinion Essay on "Islip's Development Positive or Negative?"Islip's development over the years is like a double edged sword. It has both good and bad sides, and let me tell you all about it.On the positive side, the growth in population and development has brought a lot of vitality to Islip. First of all, the increase in job opportunities is a huge plus. People who used to struggle to find work in their hometowns now have a chance to earn a living in Islip. It's like a new lease on life for them. The new schools that have been built are also great. Education is the key to the future, and with better educational facilities, the kids in Islip have more opportunities to learn and grow. They can dream bigger and aim for better careers.The improvement in infrastructure is something that everyone can enjoy. The new roads make it easier to get around, whether you're driving to work or just going for a Sunday drive. And the better public transport meansthat people can save money on gas and reduce pollution too. It's also niceto see the housing market booming. There are more options for people tolive in, whether you're a young single person looking for a small flat or a big family in need of a spacious house.However, there are some negative aspects too. With the increase in population, Islip has lost some of its old charm, small town feel. You know,those days when you could walk down the street and say hello to everyone you passed by? It's not as common anymore. There's more traffic now, which means more noise and pollution. The once quiet streets are now filled with the hustle and bustle of cars and people.Another problem is the strain on local resources. The schools might be new, but they are getting overcrowded. The teachers have to deal with more students, and it might be harder to give each child the individualattention they need. The local hospitals and clinics also face more pressure. There are more patients, and the waiting times might increase.In my opinion, overall, Islip's development has been more positive than negative. But it's important to manage the growth carefully. The local council should focus on preserving some of the town's charm while still allowing for progress. They need to make sure that the infrastructure can keep up with the growing population, and that the local resources are not stretched too thin. If they can do that, Islip can continue to be a great place to live, work, and raise a family.。

人口变化英文作文Population change is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by a variety of factors. In some countries, the population is rapidly increasing due to high birth ratesand improved healthcare, while in others, it is decliningas a result of low birth rates and emigration. This canhave significant social, economic, and environmental implications.Rapid population growth can put a strain on resources and infrastructure, leading to overcrowding and increased competition for jobs and housing. It can also lead to environmental degradation and the depletion of natural resources. On the other hand, declining populations can result in labor shortages, an aging workforce, andincreased healthcare and pension costs.Government policies, social attitudes, and economic conditions can all play a role in shaping population trends. For example, pro-natalist policies such as financialincentives for having children can encourage population growth, while anti-natalist policies such as family planning and contraception programs can help to slow it down.In some cases, natural disasters, conflicts, or other crises can lead to sudden and dramatic changes in population. For example, a war or a famine can cause mass displacement and migration, leading to a rapid increase in population in some areas and a decrease in others.Globalization and advances in technology have also had a significant impact on population change. Increased mobility and access to information have made it easier for people to move to new areas in search of better opportunities, leading to shifts in population distribution and demographics.In conclusion, population change is a complex and multifaceted issue that is influenced by a wide range of factors. It is important for policymakers to consider the social, economic, and environmental implications ofpopulation change in order to develop effective strategies for managing and adapting to these changes.。

英语作文乡村变化及其产生的原因全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Transformation of Rural Life and Its Driving ForcesGrowing up in a small village in the heart of the countryside, I have witnessed firsthand the profound changes that have reshaped rural life over the past decade. What was once a serene and self-sufficient hamlet, deeply rooted in tradition and agriculture, has gradually transformed into a community caught between the tides of modernity and the lingering echoes of its pastoral past.The most striking change, perhaps, has been the exodus of the younger generation. As economic opportunities dwindled in our sleepy village, an increasing number of my peers have sought greener pastures in the bustling cities, lured by the promise of higher-paying jobs, better education, and a more vibrant social life. This brain drain has left our community with a disproportionately aging population, straining local resources and threatening the continuity of long-held traditions.Another significant shift has been the gradual decline of traditional farming practices. Once the lifeblood of our village, agriculture has become increasingly challenging due to a confluence of factors. Climate change has disrupted weather patterns, leading to unpredictable droughts and floods that have devastated crops. The rising costs of seeds, fertilizers, and equipment have made it harder for small-scale farmers to turn a profit. Moreover, the allure of urban employment has eroded the agricultural workforce, leaving fields fallow and farms understaffed.As traditional livelihoods have waned, our village has increasingly turned to alternative economic strategies. Some enterprising residents have capitalized on the growing trend of rural tourism, offering city-dwellers a taste of the countryside through farmstays, agritourism ventures, and quaintbed-and-breakfasts. Others have tapped into the burgeoninge-commerce market, selling locally produced goods such as handicrafts, artisanal foods, and handmade wares to a global audience through online platforms.The influx of outside influences has also reshaped the cultural fabric of our community. The arrival of high-speed internet and smartphones has connected our once-isolatedvillage to the wider world, exposing residents to new ideas, trends, and lifestyles. While this has broadened our horizons and provided access to a wealth of information, it has also challenged longstanding traditions and values. Younger generations, in particular, have embraced modern pop culture and urban fashions, sometimes clashing with the more conservative elders who cling to the village's traditional ways.Infrastructural developments have further transformed the landscape of our rural enclave. The construction of new roads, bridges, and transportation links has improved connectivity with neighboring towns and cities, facilitating the flow of goods, services, and people. However, this increased accessibility has also brought unwelcome intrusions, such as noise and air pollution from traffic, as well as the encroachment of urban sprawl on our once-pristine natural surroundings.Despite these changes, our village has retained its unique charm and resilience. The warmth and hospitality of its residents, the rich tapestry of local customs and festivals, and the enduring bond with the land have endured, even as the world around us shifts. Elders regale younger generations with tales of bygone days, preserving the collective memory of our community and instilling a sense of pride in our heritage.As I reflect on the transformations witnessed in my lifetime, I am struck by the complex interplay of forces that have shaped our rural reality. The push and pull of economic factors, technological advancements, environmental challenges, and cultural influences have converged to create a landscape that is both familiar and foreign, a delicate balance between the old and the new.While some may lament the passing of the traditional rural way of life, others embrace the changes as necessary adaptations to a rapidly evolving world. Ultimately, the future of our village, and indeed rural communities worldwide, will hinge on our ability to navigate these transitions with wisdom and foresight, preserving the essence of our heritage while embracing the opportunities presented by progress.As a student poised to embark on my own journey beyond the boundaries of our village, I carry with me a deep respect for my roots and a determination to honor the resilience and ingenuity that have sustained our community through centuries of change. For in the tapestry of our rural transformation lies a profound lesson – that the true strength of a people lies not in resisting the currents of change, but in adapting and evolvingwhile holding fast to the values and traditions that anchor us to our shared humanity.篇2Changes in the Countryside and the Driving Forces Behind ThemEver since I was a young child, I've had the chance to spend time in rural areas during summer vacations, visiting my grandparents in their village. Those were some of the most cherished memories of my childhood – running through the fields, helping my grandfather tend to the crops and livestock, and enjoying the simple pleasures of life away from the hustle and bustle of the city. However, with each passing year, I couldn't help but notice the vast changes sweeping through thoseonce-tranquil rural landscapes, transforming them into something almost unrecognizable. In this essay, I aim to explore the myriad shifts occurring in the countryside and delve into the underlying causes propelling these transformations.One of the most apparent changes has been the gradual depopulation of rural areas. As economic opportunities dwindled in villages and small towns, a significant portion of the younger generation sought greener pastures in larger cities. Theallure of better-paying jobs, access to higher education, and a more vibrant social life proved too strong a pull for many to resist. Consequently, numerous villages have witnessed an exodus of their youth, leaving behind an aging population to tend to the fields and maintain the traditional way of life.This demographic shift has had far-reaching implications, including a decline in agricultural productivity. With fewerable-bodied individuals available to work the land, many farms have struggled to maintain their output. Furthermore, the loss of young talent has deprived these communities of innovative ideas and fresh perspectives, potentially stifling their ability to adapt to changing times and market demands.Another significant change has been the encroachment of urban sprawl on rural landscapes. As cities continue to expand their boundaries, once-fertile farmlands and pristine natural areas have given way to housing developments, industrial parks, and commercial centers. This phenomenon, often driven by population growth and economic development, has not only reduced the amount of arable land available for agriculture but has also contributed to environmental degradation and the fragmentation of ecosystems.The impact of urbanization on rural communities extends beyond the physical transformation of the landscape. The influx of urban residents into formerly rural areas has brought with it a clash of cultures and values. Traditional customs and ways of life that have been passed down for generations are increasingly being challenged by more modern, urban-centric perspectives. This cultural dissonance has the potential to erode the unique identities and social fabrics that once defined these communities.Technological advancements have also played a significant role in reshaping the rural landscape. The advent of mechanized farming equipment and advanced agricultural techniques has revolutionized the way crops are cultivated and livestock is raised. While these innovations have undoubtedly increased productivity and efficiency, they have also led to a decline in the demand for manual labor, further exacerbating the issue of rural depopulation.Moreover, the proliferation of communication technologies and improved infrastructure has bridged the gap between urban and rural areas, blurring the boundaries that once clearly separated them. Rural residents now have access to the same information, entertainment, and services as their urbancounterparts, potentially diminishing the perceived need to migrate to cities in search of such amenities.Climate change and environmental degradation have also taken a toll on rural areas, posing significant challenges to traditional agricultural practices. Shifting weather patterns, prolonged droughts, and the depletion of natural resources have made it increasingly difficult for farmers to maintain their livelihoods. These environmental pressures have forced many to abandon their ancestral lands and seek alternative means of sustenance.While the changes occurring in the countryside may seem daunting, it is important to recognize that they are not solely driven by external forces but also by the choices and aspirations of rural residents themselves. The pursuit of economic opportunities, access to better education and healthcare, and a desire for a more cosmopolitan lifestyle have all contributed to the migration of youth from rural to urban areas.However, it would be short-sighted to view these changes as inherently negative or as a one-way street. In recent years, there has been a growing countermovement, with some individuals and families choosing to leave the fast-paced urban life behind and embrace a more rural existence. This "rural renaissance" hasbeen fueled by a desire for a slower pace of life, a closer connection to nature, and a yearning for a sense of community that may have been lost in the anonymity of cities.Furthermore, the challenges faced by rural communities have also sparked innovative solutions and grassroots initiatives aimed at revitalizing these areas. From the promotion of sustainable agriculture and eco-tourism to the development of small-scale industries and the preservation of cultural heritage, there are concerted efforts to address the issues plaguing the countryside while capitalizing on its unique strengths and resources.As I reflect on the profound changes that have reshaped the rural landscapes of my youth, I am struck by the complexity of the forces at play. Economic, social, technological, and environmental factors have all converged to reshape these once-idyllic settings, challenging the traditional ways of life that have endured for generations.However, amidst these transformations, I am also reminded of the resilience and adaptability of rural communities. Just as they have weathered countless changes throughout history, I am confident that they will find innovative ways to navigate thechallenges of the modern era while preserving the essence of what makes these places so unique and cherished.It is my hope that through thoughtful planning, sustainable development, and a deep appreciation for the cultural and ecological significance of rural areas, we can strike a balance between preserving the heritage of these communities and embracing the changes necessary for their continued prosperity. For it is only by understanding and addressing the multifaceted forces driving these transformations that we can ensure the countryside remains a vibrant and vital part of our collective identity and heritage.篇3The Changing Face of Rural Life and Its Driving ForcesAs a student who was born and raised in a small rural village, I have witnessed firsthand the profound transformations that have reshaped the landscapes and dynamics of my community over the years. The once-tranquil countryside, where life moved at a leisurely pace and traditions held firm, has undergone a metamorphosis that reflects the ever-changing tides of modernization and globalization.One of the most striking changes in rural areas has been the gradual shift from an agrarian economy to a more diversified economic landscape. Historically, the lifeblood of rural communities has been agriculture, with generations of families dedicated to tilling the land and tending to livestock. However, as technology has advanced and global markets have become increasingly interconnected, the primary sectors of rural economies have expanded beyond just farming and livestock rearing.Small-scale industries and manufacturing units have sprouted up in many rural areas, providing employment opportunities that were once scarce. This economic diversification has been driven, in part, by the influx ofurban-based companies seeking to capitalize on the lower overhead costs and availability of land in rural regions. Moreover, rural entrepreneurship has flourished, with local residents launching businesses that cater to the evolving needs of their communities, ranging from eco-tourism ventures to artisanal food production.Another profound change has been the rapid advancement of infrastructure and connectivity in rural areas. Once isolated and disconnected from the rest of the world, many ruralcommunities now boast modern amenities and digital connectivity that have bridged the divide between urban and rural living. Improved transportation networks, such aswell-paved roads and accessible public transportation, have facilitated the movement of goods, services, and people, fostering economic growth and social integration.Additionally, the widespread adoption of high-speed internet and mobile technologies has revolutionized how rural residents access information, conduct business, and stay connected with the world beyond their immediate surroundings. This digital connectivity has opened up new opportunities for education, healthcare, and commerce, effectively shrinking the perceived distance between rural and urban areas.The changes in rural areas have also manifested in significant demographic shifts. Historically, rural communities were characterized by an aging population, as younger generations sought better opportunities in urban centers, leading to a brain drain. However, in。

TPO-42Geographic Isolation of SpeciesBiologist Ernst Mayr defined a species as “an actually or potentially interbreeding population that does notthe separation of a population with its gene pool (all of the genes in a population at any one time) from other populations of the same species, thereby preventing population interbreeding. With its gene pool isolated, a separate population canbeen a geographic barrier. This mode of evolving new species is called allopatric speciation.Many factors can isolate a population geographically. A mountain range may emerge and gradually split a population of organisms that can inhabit only lowland lakes, certain fish populations might become isolated in this way. Similarly, a creeping glacier may gradually divide a population, or a land bridge such as the Isthmus of Panama may form and separate the marine life in the ocean waters on either side.Too many words you don’t know? Look them up in《新托福TPO阅读词汇速查速记》!Wechat: geeqi0805How formidable must a geographic barrier be to keep populations apart? It depends on the ability of the organisms to move across barriers. Birds and coyotes can easily cross mountains and rivers. The passage of wind-blown tree pollen is also not hindered by such barriers, and the seeds of many plants may be carried back and forth on animals In contrast, small rodents may find a deep canyon or a wide river an effective barrier. For example, the Grand Canyon, in the southwestern United States, separate the range of the while-tailed antelop e squirrel from that of the closely related Harris’ antelope squirrel. Smaller, with a shorter tail that is white underneath, the white-tailed antelope squirrel inhabits deserts north of the canyon and west of the Colorado River in southern California Hams' antelope squirrel has a more limited range in deserts south of the Grand Canyon.Geographic isolation creates opportunities for new species to develop, but it does not necessarily lead to newbetween the isolated population and its parent population. The likelihood of allopatric speciation increases when a population is small as well as isolated, making it more likely than a large population to have its gene pool changed substantially. For example, in less than two million years, small populations of stray animals and plants from the SouthAmerican mainland to colonize the Galapagos Islands gave rise to all the species that now inhabit the islands.When oceanic islands are far enough apart to permit populations to evolve in isolation, but close enough to allow occasional dispersions to occur, they are effectively outdoor laboratories of evolution. The Galapagos island chain is one of the world’s greatest showcases of evolution. Each island was born from underwater volcanoes and was gradually covered by organisms derived from strays that rode the ocean currents and winds from other islands and continents. Organisms can also be carried to islands by other organisms, such as sea birds that travel long distances with seeds clinging to their feathers.The species on the Galapagos Islands today, most of which occur nowhere else, descended from organisms that floated, flew, or were blown over the sea from the South American mainland. For instance, the Galapagos island chainhas a total of thirteen species of closely related birds called Galapagos finches. These birds have many similarities but differ in their feeding habits and their beak type, which is correlated with what they eat. Accumulated evidence indicates that all thirteen finch species evolved from a single small population of ancestral birds that colonized one of the islands. Completely isolated on the island after migrating from the mainland, the founder population may have undergone significant changes in its gene pool and become a new species. ■Later, a few individuals of this new species may have been blown by storms to a neighboring island. ■Isolated on this second island, t he second founder population could have evolved into a second new species, which could later recolonize the island from which its founding population emigrated. ■Today each Galapagos island has multiple species of finches, with as many as ten on some islands. ■A. earlyB. crucialC. noticeableD. frequentA. bestB. usualC. firstD. actualYou enjoy the convenience of having all vocabulary questions listed as a separate part in《新托福TPO阅读词汇速查速记》.3. According to paragraph 1, allopatric speciation is possible whenA. a population contains all the different genes present in a species at a particular timeB. a population becomes isolated due to the presence of a geographic barrierC. genetic mixing begins to occur in previously separate populations of a speciesD. a species is successful in crossing a geographic barrier4. How is paragraph 2 related to paragraph 1?A. Paragraph 2 points out a number of ways in which the phenomenon of geographic isolation mentioned in paragraph 1 can occurB. Paragraph 2 identifies discoveries that led to the conclusion presented in paragraph 1 that geographic isolation has played a role in the origin of many speciesC. Paragraph 2 provides evidence supporting the statement in paragraph 1 that a population can follow its own evolutionary course once its gene pool becomes isolatedD. Paragraph 2 explains why the term “allopatric” was adopted to describe the method of speciation described in paragraph 15. In paragraph 3, the author contrasts a variety of organisms to illustrate which of the following points?A. Geographic barriers are less likely to keep apart populations of plants than populations of animalsB. Geographic barriers are more likely to keep apart populations of large organisms than populations of small organismsC. Some members of a species are able to cross geographic barriers, while other members of the same species are notD. The effectiveness of geographic barriers in keeping organisms apart depends on an organism’s ability to move across barriers6. Paragraph 3 supports the idea that white-tailed antelope squirrels and Hams' antelope squirrels have which of the following in common?A. They are the two smallest rodents now found in the southwestern United States.B. They have white coloring underneath their tailsC. They cannot cross the Grand CanyonD. They cannot survive in desert conditionsA. experiencesB. allowsC. preventsD. causes8. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential informationA. Geographic isolation is sometimes but not always the reason for the creation of reproductive barriers between a parent population and the populations descended from itB. Genetic changes in a geographical isolated population do not necessarily make the population look different enough from its parent population to be considered a new speciesC. Geographical isolation allows the separated populations to evolve independently of each other and so can lead to the formation of new speciesD. Geographic isolation can lead to new species only if the gene pool of the isolated population changes enough to prevent it from reproducing with the parent population9. According to paragraph 4, why does the size of a population affect the likelihood of allopatric speciation?A. Because smaller populations are more likely than larger ones to become geographically isolatedB. Because the gene pool of a small isolated population is more likely to undergo substantial change than is the gene pool of a larger populationC. Because an isolated population can become a new species with substantially less change to its gene pool than would be required by a larger populationD. Because smaller populations are more likely to be made up of stray animals or plants than larger populations areA. were ableB. were forcedC. arrivedD. expanded11. Paragraph 5 supports the idea that the Galapagos island chain was able to become “one of the world's greatest showcases of evolution” primarily because ofA. the richness of the volcanic soil of each of the islands in the chainB. the distance of the individual islands from each other and from the mainlandC. the relativity long time it took for the islands to become covered by organismsD. the outdoor laboratories that scientists have built on the islands to study evolution12. According to paragraph 6, what is true about the thirteen species of Galapagos finches?A. All thirteen species are now found on most of the Galapagos IslandsB. All thirteen species are descended from the same population of ancestral birdsC. All thirteen species evolved on the island that was originally colonized by finches from the mainland.D. All thirteen species occur only in small, completely isolated populations.13. Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passageThis process of speciation and colonization could have been repeated over and over again, gradually involving all the islands in the chain.Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. The question is worth 2 points.The geographic isolation of a population can result in the rise of a new species.●●●Answer Choices○ Isolation can result when a geographic barrier forms and splits a population or when a few organisms somehow get carried across an existing geographic barrier and form a new population○ Speciation is more likely when an isolated population is small because significant genetic changes are more likely to occur in a small population than in a large one○ Because of the geographic isolation of the Galapagos Islands, the species that now inhabit them have gene pools that have not changed very much since the islands were first populated.○ Fish populations are more easily isolated by geographic barriers than are populations of most other organisms because fish cannot move across areas where there is no water.○ The Galapagos Islands are well situated for speciation because they provide opportunities for population isolation while also making occasional dispersions between islands possible.○ Evidence indicates t hat the first organisms to reach the Galapagos Islands were probably a small population of finches that, in less than two million years of isolation, evolved into thirteen species.答案：1-5: B C B A D 6-10:C A D B A 11-14: B B C A B EIf you have any questions concerning the texts or answers, feel free to contact Wechat: geeqi0805.If you are tired of looking up TPO words in a dictionary, try《新托福TPO阅读词汇速查速记》!参考译文：物种的地理隔离生物学家厄恩斯特·迈尔将物种定义为“一个可以互相交配或可能互相交配的群体，但这个群体不能与其它生物交配，即便有交配的机会”。

蓝景教育雅思作文一、雅思作文之议论文。

1. 题目示例：“Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”开头。

Well, you know, zoos have been a bit of a controversial topic lately. Some folks are like, "Zoos? They're just cruel prisons for animals!" But then there are others who think zoos are like superheroes for wild animals. So, let's dig into this.观点一：动物园是残忍的，应该关闭。

On one hand, those who say zoos are cruel have some pretty good points. For starters, some zoos keep animals in really small enclosures. It's like making a human live in a closet all their life. Take the elephants, for example. In some zoos, they barely have enough space to move around. And they can't do the things they would normally do in the wild, like roaming for miles or interacting with a whole bunch of other elephants. It's just not natural. Also, some zoos don't take proper care of the animals. There have been cases where animals are underfed or not given the right medical attention. It's like if you were in a place where they didn't give you enough food or help when you were sick. How would you feel?观点二：动物园有助于保护野生动物。

五年级短篇家乡变化英语作文40词全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Hometown ChangesMy hometown has changed a lot over the past few years. Five years ago, it was a small and quiet village with only a few shops and houses. But now, it has transformed into a bustling town with new buildings, restaurants, and activities.One of the biggest changes is the increase in population. Many people have moved to my hometown for work and a better quality of life. This has led to the construction of new residential areas and shopping centers to accommodate the growing number of residents.The roads have also been widened and improved to handle the increased traffic. There are more cars on the streets now, and it can get quite congested during rush hours. However, the new infrastructure has made it easier for people to travel around the town.The development of my hometown has also brought new opportunities for businesses. There are now more jobopportunities available, and many people have started their own businesses to cater to the needs of the growing population. This has helped boost the local economy and create a vibrant community.Despite all these changes, my hometown has managed to retain its charm and character. The old buildings and landmarks are still standing, reminding us of the town's rich history. I am proud to call this place my home and excited to see what the future holds for my rapidly changing hometown.篇2My Hometown ChangesMy hometown has undergone some significant changes over the past few years. Five years ago, it was a quiet town with just a few small shops and restaurants. However, today it has transformed into a bustling city with tall buildings, large shopping malls, and modern infrastructure.One of the biggest changes that have taken place is the development of new residential areas. Five years ago, there were only a few housing estates in my hometown. But now, there are numerous high-rise apartment buildings and gated communitiespopping up all over the place. This has led to a significant increase in population and traffic congestion in the area.Another noticeable change is the improvement in transportation. The local government has upgraded the road network, built new bus stations, and introduced a subway system. This has made it easier for people to commute to work and travel within the city.In addition to this, my hometown now has a variety of new entertainment options. There are several new cinemas, parks, and shopping centers that have opened in recent years. This has made it easier for residents to relax and enjoy their leisure time.Overall, the changes in my hometown have been positive and have greatly improved the quality of life for its residents. I am proud to see how much my hometown has grown and developed over the past few years. I am excited to see what the future holds for this vibrant city.篇3The Changes in My HometownMy hometown has changed a lot in the past five years. The most noticeable difference is the improved infrastructure. Roads have been widened, new bridges have been built, and publictransportation has been upgraded. This has made it much easier to travel around the town.Another change is the increase in the number of shopping malls and entertainment venues. There are now more options for shopping, dining, and leisure activities. This has brought more convenience and entertainment options to the residents.In addition, there has been a significant improvement in the quality of education and healthcare services. New schools and hospitals have been built, and existing facilities have been upgraded. This has provided better opportunities for learning and access to healthcare for the people living in my hometown.Furthermore, there has been a focus on environmental conservation and green spaces. More parks and green areas have been created, and efforts have been made to reduce pollution and preserve the natural beauty of the town.Overall, the changes in my hometown over the past five years have made it a more modern, convenient, and livable place.I am proud to see how much progress has been made and look forward to even more improvements in the future.。

人口与计划生育法英文介绍篇1The Population and Family Planning Law plays a crucial role in regulating and guiding population development in our country. It aims to strike a balance between population growth and the available resources and social development needs. This law has specific provisions and measures to control population growth. For instance, it promotes family planning and encourages couples to have an appropriate number of children based on various factors.One of its significant aspects is optimizing the population structure. It takes into account factors such as age distribution and gender ratio to ensure a more balanced and sustainable population composition. How amazing it is that such thoughtful considerations are made in the law!In terms of safeguarding citizens' reproductive rights and interests, the law also provides clear regulations. It ensures that citizens have the right to make informed and voluntary decisions regarding reproduction, while also emphasizing the importance of quality of life and the well-being of children. Isn't it a wonderful protection for citizens?The implementation of this law requires the joint efforts of the whole society. We should all understand and abide by its provisions, as it is for the long-term stability and prosperity of our country. What a significantand far-reaching law it is!篇2The Population and Family Planning Law has played a crucial role in the development of our society! It has witnessed significant changes and improvements over the years.In the early stages, this law aimed to control population growth and balance the population structure. As time went on, it has been continuously adjusted and refined to adapt to the changing social and economic circumstances. For instance, in some areas, it has focused on improving the quality of the population and promoting balanced population development.The significance of this law is immense! It has had a positive impact on the rational allocation of resources. By controlling population growth, it has helped to ensure that resources such as food, education, and medical care are distributed more effectively. This has undoubtedly contributed to the stable and sustainable development of society and the economy.How could we imagine a society without such a law? It would likely lead to chaos and imbalance in resource distribution. The Population and Family Planning Law is not just a set of regulations; it is a guiding light that leads us towards a better future. Isn't it amazing how such a law can shape the destiny of a nation?In conclusion, the Population and Family Planning Law is an essential tool for maintaining social order and promoting the well-being of thepeople. We should continue to pay attention to its development and implementation to ensure its effectiveness in the long run.篇3Population and Family Planning Laws are crucial for the development and stability of nations. In some developed countries, advanced population policies have been implemented. For instance, countries like Sweden and Denmark have emphasized on providing comprehensive family support, including generous parental leave and high-quality child care services. This has not only encouraged couples to have children but also ensured the well-being of children and families. How wonderful is this approach?On the other hand, developing countries often face similar challenges. Take India and Brazil as examples. They struggle with issues such as rapid population growth, limited resources, and insufficient social welfare. Isn't it a huge burden for these countries?The differences and similarities among these laws are quite remarkable. In developed countries, the focus is more on maintaining a balanced population structure and improving the quality of life. But in developing countries, the priority is often to control population growth to match the available resources. Isn't this a significant contrast?In conclusion, understanding and comparing the characteristics of Population and Family Planning Laws in different countries can provide valuable insights for formulating more effective policies. Don't you thinkso?篇4The Population and Family Planning Law has been of great significance in regulating population growth and promoting balanced development. However, during its implementation, various problems have emerged. For instance, in some remote areas, the lack of adequate medical resources and educational propaganda has made it difficult to ensure the effective execution of the law. People's traditional concepts and cultural factors have also posed obstacles to the implementation of the policy. How to solve these problems? One of the measures is to increase investment in medical infrastructure and professional training in these areas. This can improve the quality and accessibility of family planning services. Moreover, strengthening publicity and education through various channels, such as community activities and online platforms, can enhance people's understanding and acceptance of the law. Another important aspect is to formulate more flexible and targeted policies based on local actual conditions. Isn't it necessary to take into account the differences between regions and groups? Of course! Only by constantly adjusting and improving can the Population and Family Planning Law better meet the needs of social development and achieve its intended goals. Isn't that amazing?篇5The Population and Family Planning Law has been a significant aspect of social policy, exerting a profound influence on the trajectory of population development. This law is not just a set of regulations; it's a powerful tool shaping the future of our society!Consider the potential changes in population size. Under the sustained effect of this law, we might witness a controlled growth rate. Isn't it fascinating to think that this could lead to a more balanced distribution of resources and a reduced burden on social infrastructure?The age structure is another crucial aspect. We could expect a gradual shift towards an aging population. But what does this mean for our healthcare systems and social security? Will we be well-prepared to meet the needs of an older demographic?It's not all straightforward, though. There could be challenges along the way. For instance, how will a smaller working-age population impact economic productivity? How will we ensure the well-being of the elderly in a changing age structure?In conclusion, the Population and Family Planning Law holds the key to shaping the future of our population. It's a complex and dynamic issue that demands our continuous attention and thoughtful adaptation. How we navigate these changes will determine the quality of life for future generations. Isn't that a responsibility we all share?。

前考官simon：34篇雅思小作文范文由雅思达人预测哥整理发布IELTS Writing Task 1: bar chart sample answer题目：The chart below shows the total number of minutes (in billions) of telephone calls in the UK, divided into three categories, from 1995-2002.Here's my suggested outline for a 4-paragraph report:Introduction: rewrite the question statement in your own words.Overview: point out which category was highest in each year, which was lowest, and which saw the biggest changes.Details: compare the 3 categories in 1995, then say what happened up until 1999.Details: notice what happened to local calls from 1999 onwards, and contrast this with the other 2 categories. Finish with a comparison of the figures in 2002.范文：The bar chart compares the amount of time spent by people in the UK on three different types of phone call between 1995 and 2002.It is clear that calls made via local, fixed lines were the most popular type, in terms of overall usage, throughout the period shown. The lowest figures on the chart are for mobile calls, but this category also saw the most dramatic increase in user minutes.In 1995, people in the UK used fixed lines for a total of just over 70 billion minutes for local calls, and about half of that amount of time for national or international calls. By contrast, mobile phones were only used for around 4 billion minutes. Over the following four years, the figures for all three types of phone call increased steadily.By 1999, the amount of time spent on local calls using landlines had reached a peak at 90 billion minutes. Subsequently, the figure for this category fell, but the rise in the other two types of phone call continued. In 2002, the number of minutes of national / international landline calls passed 60 billion, while the figure for mobiles rose to around 45 billion minutes.(197 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: 'living alone' chartsThe bar chart below shows the proportions of English men and women of different ages who were living alone in 2011. The pie chart compares the numbers of bedrooms in these one-person households.Living alone in England by age and gender, 2011Number of bedrooms in one-person households (England, 2011)范文：The two charts give information about single-occupant households in England in the year 2011. The bar chart compares figures for occupants' age and gender, and the pie chart shows data about the number of bedrooms in these homes.Overall, females made up a higher proportion of people living alone than males, and this difference is particularly noticeable in the older age categories. We can also see that the most common number of bedrooms in a single-occupant home was two.A significant majority of the people aged 65 or over who were living alone in England in 2011 were female. Women made up around 72% of single occupants aged 75 to 84, and 76% of those aged 85 or over. By contrast, among younger adults the figures for males were higher. For example, in the 35-49 age category, men accounted for nearly 65% of people living alone.In the same year, 35.4% of one-person households in England had two bedrooms, while one-bedroom and three-bedroom homes accounted for 28% and 29.8% of the total. Under 7% of single-occupant homes had four or more bedrooms.(189 words, band 9)Tip:Notice that I was forced to leave out some of the information from the bar chart. This is normal when you only have 20 minutes; examiners expect you to select some key figures, not to try to include everything.IELTS Writing Task 1: 'coffee and bananas' table题目：The tables below give information about sales of Fairtrade*-labelled coffee and bananas in 1999 and 2004 in five European countries.*Fairtrade: a category of products for which farmers from developing countries have been paid an officially agreed fair price.范文：The tables show the amount of money spent on Fairtrade coffee and bananas in two separate years in the UK, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium and Sweden.It is clear that sales of Fairtrade coffee rose in all five European countries from 1999 to 2004, but sales of Fairtrade bananas only went up in three out of the five countries. Overall, the UK saw by far the highest levels of spending on the two products.In 1999, Switzerland had the highest sales of Fairtrade coffee, at €3 million, while revenue from Fairtrade bananas was highest in the UK, at €15 million. By 2004, however, sales of Fairtrade coffee in the UK had risen to €20 million, and this was over three times higher than Switzerland’s sales figure for Fairtrade coffee in that year. The year 2004 also saw dramatic increases in the money spent on Fairtrade bananas in the UK and Switzerland, with revenues rising by €32 million and €4.5 million respectively.Sales of the two Fairtrade products were far lower in Denmark, Belgium and Sweden. Small increases in sales of Fairtrade coffee can be seen, but revenue remained at €2 million or below in all three countries in both years. Finally, it is noticeable that the money spent on Fairtrade bananas actually fell in Belgium and Sweden.IELTS Writing Task 1: 'school buildings' answer 题目：The diagrams below show the site of a school in 2004 and the plan for changes to the school site in 2024.范文：The two pictures compare the layout of a school as it was in the year 2004 with a proposed site design for the year 2024.It is clear that the main change for 2024 involves the addition of a new school building. The school will then be able to accommodate a considerably larger number of students.In 2004, there were 600 pupils attending the school, and the two school buildings were separated by a path running from the main entrance to the sports field. By 2024, it is expected that there will be 1000 pupils, and a third building will have been constructed. Furthermore, the plan is to join the two original buildings together, creating a shorter path that links the buildings only.As the third building and a second car park will be built on the site of the original sports field, a new, smaller sports field will need to be laid. A new road will also be built from the main entrance to the second car park. Finally, no changes will be made to the main entrance and original car park.(183 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: 'age distribution' answer The charts below compare the age structure of the populations of France and India in 1984.The two charts compare the populations of France and India in terms of age distribution by gender in the year 1984.It is clear that the population of India was younger than that of France in 1984, with a noticeably larger proportion of people aged under 20. France, on the other hand, had a significantly larger percentage of elderly inhabitants.In India, close to 14% of people were aged 5 or under, and each five-year age bracket above this contained an increasingly smaller proportion of the population. France’s population, by contrast, was more evenly distributed across the age ranges, with similar figures (around 7% to 8% of all people) for each five-year cohort between the ages of 0 and 40. Somewhere between 10% and 15% of all French people were aged 70 or older, but the equivalent figure for India was only 2%.Looking more closely at gender, there was a noticeably higher proportion of French women than men in every cohort from age 50 upwards. For example, almost 3% of French 70- to 75-year-olds were women, while just under 2% were men. No significant gender differences can be seen on the Indian population chart.(199 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: pie chart answerThe pie charts below show how dangerous waste products are dealt with in three countries.范文：The charts compare Korea, Sweden and the UK in terms of the methods used in each country to dispose of harmful waste.It is clear that in both the UK and Sweden, the majority of dangerous waste products are buried underground. By contrast, most hazardous materials in the Republic of Korea are recycled.Looking at the information in more detail, we can see that 82% of the UK’s dangerous waste is put into landfill sites. This disposal technique is used for 55% of the harmful waste in Sweden and only 22% of similar waste in Korea. The latter country recycles 69% of hazardous materials, which is far more than the other two nations.While 25% of Sweden's dangerous waste is recycled, the UK does not recycle at all. Instead, it dumps waste at sea or treats it chemically. These two methods are not employed in Korea or Sweden, which favour incineration for 9% and 20% of dangerous waste respectively.(159 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: 'flood diagram' answer The diagrams below show how houses can be protected in areas which are prone to flooding.Here's my full band 9 report:The diagrams compare two different methods of defence for homes which are at risk of being flooded.The key difference between the diagrams is that they show flood protection with and without a stopbank. In either case, the at-risk home is raised on stilts above ground level.The first diagram shows how a stopbank acts as a flood barrier to stop river water from flooding homes. The stopbank is a small mound of land next to the river that is higher than the 100-year flood level, and prevents the river from bursting its banks. Nearby houses can be built on stilts to prevent flooding from rainwater, and a floodgate beneath the stopbank can be opened to allow this ‘ponding’ to drain off into the river.When there is no stopbank, as shown in the second diagram, there will be nothing to stop the river from flooding. In this case, the solution is to put buildings on stilts. The height of the stilts is measured so that the floor of the house is 300mm above the 100-year flood level. This measurement is called the ‘freeboard’.IELTS Writing Task 1: 'waste table' essayThe table below shows the amount of waste production (in millions of tonnes) in six different countries over a twenty-year period.The chart compares the amounts of waste that were produced in six countries in the years 1980, 1990 and 2000.In each of these years, the US produced more waste than Ireland, Japan, Korea, Poland and Portugal combined. It is also noticeable that Korea was the only country that managed to reduce its waste output by the year 2000.Between 1980 and 2000, waste production in the US rose from 131 to 192 million tonnes, and rising trends were also seen in Japan, Poland and Portugal. Japan’s waste output increased from 28 to 53 million tonnes, while Poland and Portugal saw waste totals increase from 4 to 6.6 and from 2 to 5 million tonnes respectively.The trends for Ireland and Korea were noticeably different from those described above. In Ireland, waste production increased more than eightfold, from only 0.6 million tonnes in 1980 to 5 million tonnes in 2000. Korea, by contrast, cut its waste output by 12 million tonnes between 1990 and 2000.IELTS Writing Task 1: table essayThe table below shows changes in the numbers of residents cycling to work in different areas of the UK between 2001 and 2011The table compares the numbers of people who cycled to work in twelve areas of the UK in the years 2001 and 2011.Overall, the number of UK commuters who travelled to work by bicycle rose considerably over the 10-year period. Inner London had by far the highest number of cycling commuters in both years.In 2001, well over 43 thousand residents of inner London commuted by bicycle, and this figure rose to more than 106 thousand in 2011, an increase of 144%. By contrast, although outer London had the second highest number of cycling commuters in each year, the percentage change, at only 45%, was the lowest of the twelve areas shown in the table.Brighton and Hove saw the second biggest increase (109%) in the number of residents cycling to work, but Bristol was the UK’s second city in terms of total numbers of cycling commuters, with 8,108 in 2001 and 15,768 in 2011. Figures for the other eight areas were below the 10 thousand mark in both years.(172 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: process diagramThe diagram below shows how solar panels can be used to provide electricity for domestic use.The picture illustrates the process of producing electricity in a home using solar panels.It is clear that there are five distinct stages in this process, beginning with the capture of energy from sunlight. The final two steps show how domestic electricity is connected to the externalpower supply.At the first stage in the process, solar panels on the roof of a normal house take energy from the sun and convert it into DC current. Next, this current is passed to an inverter, which changes it to AC current and regulates the supply of electricity. At stage three, electricity is supplied to the home from an electrical panel.At the fourth step shown on the diagram, a utility meter in the home is responsible for sending any extra electric power outside the house into the grid. Finally, if the solar panels do not provide enough energy for the household, electricity will flow from the utility grid into the home through the meter.Note:I've underlined examples of the two language features that make process diagram descriptions special: 'steps' language, and passive verbs.IELTS Writing Task 1: bar chartThe bar graph shows the global sales (in billions of dollars) of different types of digital games between 2000 and 2006.The bar chart compares the turnover in dollars from sales of video games for four different platforms, namely mobile phones, online, consoles and handheld devices, from 2000 to 2006.It is clear that sales of games for three out of the four platforms rose each year, leading to a significant rise in total global turnover over the 7-year period. Sales figures for handheld games were at least twice as high as those for any other platform in almost every year.In 2000, worldwide sales of handheld games stood at around $11 billion, while console games earned just under $6 billion. No figures are given for mobile or online games in that year. Overthe next 3 years, sales of handheld video games rose by about $4 billion, but the figure for consoles decreased by $2 billion. Mobile phone and online games started to become popular, with sales reaching around $3 billion in 2003.In 2006, sales of handheld, online and mobile games reached peaks of 17, 9 and 7 billion dollars respectively. By contrast, turnover from console games dropped to its lowest point, at around $2.5 billion.IELTS Writing Task 1: map essayThe map shows the growth of a village called Chorleywood between 1868 and 1994.It is clear that the village grew as the transport infrastructure was improved. Four periods of development are shown on the map, and each of the populated areas is near to the main roads, the railway or the motorway.From 1868 to 1883, Chorleywood covered a small area next to one of the main roads. Chorleywood Park and Golf Course is now located next to this original village area. The village grew along the main road to the south between 1883 and 1922, and in 1909 a railway line was built crossing this area from west to east. Chorleywood station is in this part of the village.The expansion of Chorleywood continued to the east and west alongside the railway line until1970. At that time, a motorway was built to the east of the village, and from 1970 to 1994, further development of the village took place around motorway intersections with the railway and one of the main roads.IELTS Writing Task 1: flow chart essayThe chart below shows the process of waste paper recycling.The flow chart shows how waste paper is recycled. It is clear that there are six distinct stages in this process, from the initial collection of waste paper to the eventual production of usable paper.At the first stage in the paper recycling process, waste paper is collected either from paper banks, where members of the public leave their used paper, or directly from businesses. This paper is then sorted by hand and separated according to its grade, with any paper that is not suitable for recycling being removed. Next, the graded paper is transported to a paper mill.Stages four and five of the process both involve cleaning. The paper is cleaned and pulped, and foreign objects such as staples are taken out. Following this, all remnants of ink and glue are removed from the paper at the de-inking stage. Finally, the pulp can be processed in a paper making machine, which makes the end product: usable paper.(160 words, band 9)Note: I joined the introduction and overview together because they were both short. Try to analyse the essay - why is it worth band 9?IELTS Writing Task 1: stacked bar chart essay The chart below shows the total number of Olympic medals won by twelve different countries.The bar chart compares twelve countries in terms of the overall number of medals that they have won at the Olympic Games.It is clear that the USA is by far the most successful Olympic medal winning nation. It is also noticeable that the figures for gold, silver and bronze medals won by any particular country tend to be fairly similar.The USA has won a total of around 2,300 Olympic medals, including approximately 900 gold medals, 750 silver and 650 bronze. In second place on the all-time medals chart is the Soviet Union, with just over 1,000 medals. Again, the number of gold medals won by this country is slightly higher than the number of silver or bronze medals.Only four other countries - the UK, France, Germany and Italy - have won more than 500 Olympic medals, all with similar proportions of each medal colour. Apart from the USA and the Soviet Union, China is the only other country with a noticeably higher proportion of gold medals (about 200) compared to silver and bronze (about 100 each).(178 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: mobile phones essay范文：The table compares the percentages of people using different functions of their mobile phones between 2006 and 2010.
Throughout the period shown, the main reason why people used their mobile phones was to make calls. However, there was a marked increase in the popularity of other mobile phone features, particularly the Internet search feature.In 2006, 100% of mobile phone owners used their phones to make calls, while the next most popular functions were text messaging (73%) and taking photos (66%). By contrast, less than 20% of owners played games or music on their phones, and there were no figures for users doing Internet searches or recording video.Over the following 4 years, there was relatively little change in the figures for the top three mobile phone features. However, the percentage of people using their phones to access the Internet jumped to 41% in 2008 and then to 73% in 2010. There was also a significant rise in the use of mobiles to play games and to record video, with figures reaching 41% and 35% respectively in 2010.Note:The above essay isn't perfect, but it's still good enough for a band 9. You are not expected to write a masterpiece in only 20 minutes.IELTS Writing Task 1: line graph essayThe line graph compares average yearly spending by Americans on mobile and landline phone services from 2001 to 2010.It is clear that spending on landline phones fell steadily over the 10-year period, while mobile phone expenditure rose quickly. The year 2006 marks the point at which expenditure on mobile services overtook that for residential phone services.In 2001, US consumers spent an average of nearly $700 on residential phone services, compared to only around $200 on cell phone services. Over the following five years, average yearly spending on landlines dropped by nearly $200. By contrast, expenditure on mobiles rose by approximately $300.In the year 2006, the average American paid out the same amount of money on both types of phone service, spending just over $500 on each. By 2010, expenditure on mobile phones had reached around $750, while the figure for spending on residential services had fallen to just over half this amount.(162 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: life cycle essayThe diagram shows the life cycle of the honey bee. Two things to consider are:how to summarise the diagram before describing the stages in detailwhether to use active or passive verb formsThe diagram illustrates the various stages in the life of a honey bee. We can see that the complete life cycle lasts between 34 and 36 days. It is also noticeable that there are five main stages in the development of the honey bee, from egg to mature adult insect.The life cycle of the honey bee begins when the female adult lays an egg; the female typically lays one or two eggs every 3 days. Between 9 and 10 days later, each egg hatches and the immature insect, or nymph, appears.During the third stage of the life cycle, the nymph grows in size and sheds its skin three times. This moulting first takes place 5 days after the egg hatches, then 7 days later, and again another 9 days later. After a total of 30 to 31 days from the start of the cycle, the young adult honey bee emerges from its final moulting stage, and in the space of only 4 days it reaches full maturity. (169 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: climate essayThe climograph below shows average monthly temperatures and rainfall in the city of Kolkata.The chart compares average figures for temperature and precipitation over the course of a calendar year in Kolkata.It is noticeable that monthly figures for precipitation in Kolkata vary considerably, whereas monthly temperatures remain relatively stable. Rainfall is highest from July to August, while temperatures are highest in April and May.Between the months of January and May, average temperatures in Kolkata rise from their lowest point at around 20°C to a peak of just over 30°C. Average rainfall in the city also rises over the same period, from approximately 20mm of rain in January to 100mm in May.While temperatures stay roughly the same for the next four months, the amount of rainfall more than doubles between May and June. Figures for precipitation remain above 250mm from June to September, peaking at around 330mm in July. The final three months of the year see a dramatic fall in precipitation, to a low of about 10mm in December, and a steady drop in temperatures back to the January average.(173 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: full essay about 2 bar chartsThe bar charts compare students of different ages in terms of why they are studying and whether they are supported by an employer.It is clear that the proportion of students who study for career purposes is far higher among the younger age groups, while the oldest students are more likely to study for interest. Employer support is more commonly given to younger students.Around 80% of students aged under 26 study to further their careers, whereas only 10% study purely out of interest. The gap between these two proportions narrows as students get older, and the figures for those in their forties are the same, at about 40%. Students aged over 49 overwhelmingly study for interest (70%) rather than for professional reasons (less than 20%).Just over 60% of students aged under 26 are supported by their employers. By contrast, the 30-39 age group is the most self-sufficient, with only 30% being given time off and help with fees. The figures rise slightly for students in their forties and for those aged 50 or more.(178 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: 'chart without years' essayThe chart below shows numbers of incidents and injuries per 100 million passenger miles travelled (PMT) by transportation type in 2002.The bar chart compares the number of incidents and injuries for every 100 million passenger miles travelled on five different types of public transport in 2002.It is clear that the most incidents and injuries took place on demand-response vehicles. By contrast, commuter rail services recorded by far the lowest figures.A total of 225 incidents and 173 injuries, per 100 million passenger miles travelled, took place on demand-response transport services. These figures were nearly three times as high as those for the second highest category, bus services. There were 76 incidents and 66 people were injured on buses.Rail services experienced fewer problems. The number of incidents on light rail trains equalled the figure recorded for buses, but there were significantly fewer injuries, at only 39. Heavy rail services saw lower numbers of such events than light rail services, but commuter rail passengers were even less likely to experience problems. In fact, only 20 incidents and 17 injuries occurred on commuter trains.(165 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: graph showing future yearsThe graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.The line graph compares the percentage of people aged 65 or more in three countries over a period of 100 years.It is clear that the proportion of elderly people increases in each country between 1940 and 2040. Japan is expected to see the most dramatic changes in its elderly population.In 1940, around 9% of Americans were aged 65 or over, compared to about 7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people. The proportions of elderly people in the USA and Sweden rose gradually over the next 50 years, reaching just under 15% in 1990. By contrast, the figures for Japan remained below 5% until the early 2000s.Looking into the future, a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just 10 years from 2030 to 2040. By 2040, it is thought that around 27% of the Japanese population will be 65 years old or more, while the figures for Sweden and the USA will be slightly lower, at about 25% and 23% respectively.(178 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: graph showing future yearsThe graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.The line graph compares the percentage of people aged 65 or more in three countries over a period of 100 years.It is clear that the proportion of elderly people increases in each country between 1940 and 2040. Japan is expected to see the most dramatic changes in its elderly population.In 1940, around 9% of Americans were aged 65 or over, compared to about 7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people. The proportions of elderly people in the USA and Sweden rose gradually over the next 50 years, reaching just under 15% in 1990. By contrast, the figures for Japan remained below 5% until the early 2000s.Looking into the future, a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just 10 years from 2030 to 2040. By 2040, it is thought that around 27% of the Japanese population will be 65 years old or more, while the figures for Sweden and the USA will be slightly lower, at about 25% and 23% respectively.(178 words, band 9)IELTS Writing Task 1: 'table' essayThe table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002.Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category – 2002范文;The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three categories of products and services in five countries in 2002.It is clear that the largest proportion of consumer spending in each country went on food, drinks and tobacco. On the other hand, the leisure/education category has the lowest percentages in the table.Out of the five countries, consumer spending on food, drinks and tobacco was noticeably higher in Turkey, at 32.14%, and Ireland, at nearly 29%. The proportion of spending on leisure and education was also highest in Turkey, at 4.35%, while expenditure on clothing and footwear was significantly higher in Italy, at 9%, than in any of the other countries.It can be seen that Sweden had the lowest percentages of national consumer expenditure for food/drinks/tobacco and for clothing/footwear, at nearly 16% and just over 5% respectively. Spain had slightly higher figures for these categories, but the lowest figure for leisure/education, at only 1.98%.IELTS Writing Task 1: graph and table essay The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries.。