高一学案之外研版 必修3 之主谓一致 学生版

高一学案之外研版必修3专题讲座之主谓一致1.(2009年福建卷)—Why does the lake smell terrible?—Because large quantities of water .A.have pollutedB.is being pollutedC.has been pollutedD.have been polluted2.（2009年陕西卷）Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A.is going toB.are going toC.was going toD.were going to3.(2009年四川卷)The teacher together with the students discussing Reading Skills that newly published in America.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is；was4.（2009年湖南卷）Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be5.（2009年江西卷）At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.A.isB.areC.will beD.was6.（2008年陕西卷）—Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area invited.A.wereB.have beenC.has beenD.was7.（2007年浙江卷）Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture,but when and where yet.A.hasn’t been decidedB.haven’t decidedC.isn’t being decidedD.aren’t decided8.(2007年湖南卷)We live day by day,but in the great things,the time of days and weeks so small that a day is unimportant.A.isB.areC.has beenD.have been9.（2007年江西卷）A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for one’s health.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are10.（2007年陕西卷）As a result of the serious flood,two thirds of the buildings in the area.A.need repairingB.needs to repairC.needs repairingD.need to repair主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。

有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。

处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。

高考重点要求：1.根据主谓一致的三个原则(语法一致,意义一致，就近一致), 判断和确定句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致2.掌握固定词组作主语,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致第一节知识点概述一、语法上的一致一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。

例如：Learning English is very important. 学习英语是很重要的。

The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.Both Bob and Tom are my friends.但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人，同一类物，谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如：A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.由and连接的并列单数主语前，如果分别有each, every等修饰时，谓语要用单数。

例如：Every boy and every girl was given a present.Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.二、意义上的一致主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数；反之主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数。

如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量时，这些单位虽是复数形式，但谓语动词是单数形式。

例如：It seems to me that five years is so short a time.Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.有些集体名词，如family, group, class等作主语时，作为整体看待，谓语动词要用单数，就其中一个个成员而言，谓语要用复数。

例如：My family is a happy one.My family are watching TV.三、就近一致出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。

There be, Here be 句型中动词的单复数必须与后置的第一个主语保持一致。

当be后面的主语有两个或两个以上的并列成分时，be动词往往与最邻近的一个一致。

例如：There is an orange, two apples and many bananas on the table.There are two books and a dictionary on the desk.两个做主语的名词或代词由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also等连接时，谓语动词用靠近原则。

例如：Neither you nor I am right.Not only the students but also the teacher is going to attend the meeting.但如果用as well as连接两个主语用靠前原则例如：Mary as well as you is my friend.第二节实战演练一、复习时需注意的要点1．两个作主语用的名词或代词由either...or，neither...nor，not only...but (also)，not...but，there be等结构连接时，谓语动词应与主语的人称和数按就近原则获得一致。

Either he or I am wrong.不是他错就是我错。

2．主语是单数而后面跟有as well as，with，together with，like，but，except等短语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

She，as well as the other students，has learned how to type.她和其他学生一样，也学会了如何打字。

Our school，with some other schools，was built in the 1950s.我们学校和不少其他学校都建于20世纪50年代。

Nobody but the students is studying in the classroom.只有学生在教室里学习。

3．作主语用的集体名词作为一个整体看待时谓语动词用单数，若就其中各个成员来考虑时谓语动词则用复数。

The committee is made up/consists of ten, members.委员会由10人组成。

The committee were discussing the matter, in the hall.委员们都在大厅内讨论这件事。

My family has moved into the new house.我家已搬进了新房子。

My family enjoy sports and games.我们全家人都喜欢体育运动。

4．两个或两个以上的并列主语由and连接时，如果表示不同概念谓语动词用复数，如果表示同一概念谓语动词用单数。

The singer and dancer comes from Guangxi.那位歌舞演员来自广西。

(同一人)5．each，either，neither或由some，any，no，every构成的合成代词作主语时谓语动词用单数。

Each of us has read the book.我们每个人都已看过这本书。

Neither of them is interested in English.他们两人都对英语不感兴趣。

6．代词what，who，which，any，all，most，more等作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数主要由它们所代表的意义决定。

What is wrong with you？你怎么了？There are some books on the desk. What are the names of them?桌子上有一些书。

书名是什么？All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不全是金子。

7．表示总称意义的名词people，police，cattle等作主语时谓语动词用复数。

The people in the city are very friendly.那个城市的人很友好。

The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在寻找杀人犯。

The cattle are grazing near the river.牛在河边吃草。

8．用“every/each/no/many a/a great deal of＋单数名词”作主语时谓语动词用单数，而“a great many/a great number of＋复数名词”作主语时谓语动词则用复数。

Many a student and teacher is watching the football match.许多学生和教师正在观看足球比赛。