organize the sales process and the delivery of after-sales services to the customer site. The interaction with the customer is high during these phases. New organisational structures are needed. The concept of Virtual Organisations is a form of collaborations that can be used to respond to the CRM requirements. The focus of this paper is on the sales and service life-cycle phases, which are in both ends of the product life-cycle. This paper presents the concept of Virtual Enterprise (VE) and different forms of VEs as an alternative solution to above-mentioned challenges.
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According to the GLOBEMEN view, the VE Framework contains logical, recursive relationships between the network entity, the VE entity, and the product entity [5]. Each of these three entities are represented by a life-cycle describing possible phases an entity can be in throughout its life span from identification to decommission. This means that a network can create VEs in its operational life-cycle phase and, correspondingly, that a VE can create one or more products and / or services in its operational phase. In other words, the life-cycle activities of the VEs are prepared in the network phases up to and including implementation and set up in of the network. Likewise the life-cycle of the product or service is prepared and subsequently created in the operation phase of a VE. It should in this connection be accentuated that a network can establish several VEs, just like a VE can produce several products or services. The concepts of VE and VERA are explained in detail in other articles of this book.
