[2]考研英语历年真题中出现的单词与词组总结

考研英语历年真题词汇1997年重点词汇阅读理解部分：1. parliamentary adj. 议会的2 .territory n. 领土, 版图, 地域3 incurably adv.治不好地, 不能矫正地4 convincing adj.令人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的5 flashed vi.闪光, 闪现, 反射, 使迅速6 pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速7 bulletin n.公告, 报告8 import n.进口货(常用复数), 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入9 sink in 被了解10 implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示11 bitterly adv.苦苦地, 悲痛的, 厉害的12 haste n.匆忙, 急忙13 turn back v.使停止往前, 往回走, 翻回到, 重新提到, 折转, 挡住14 euthanasia n.安乐死15 dominoes 多米诺16 injection n.注射, 注射剂, (毛细血管等的)充血, (人造卫星, 宇宙飞船等的)射入轨道17 diagnose v.诊断18 terminally adv.末尾, 一定时期地19 resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的20 haunting adj.常浮现于脑海中的, 不易忘怀的21 spiritual adj.精神上的22 claw n.爪, 脚爪v.抓23 consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地24 deserve vt.应受, 值得v.应受25 dull adj.感觉或理解迟钝的, 无趣的, 呆滞的, 阴暗的vt.使迟钝, 使阴暗, 缓和vi.变迟钝, 减少26 loneliness n.孤独, 寂寞27 welcome n.欢迎vt.欢迎int.欢迎adj.受欢迎的28 harsh adj.粗糙的, 荒芜的, 苛刻的, 刺耳的, 刺目的29 frontier n.国境, 边疆, 边境30 charitable adj.仁慈的, (为)慈善事业的,宽恕的31 impulse n.推动, 刺激, 冲动, 推动力vt.推动32 weary adj.疲倦的, 厌倦的, 令人厌烦的, 疲劳v.疲倦, 厌倦, 厌烦33 hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情34 casual adj.偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的35 interpret v.解释, 说明, 口译, 通译, 认为是...的意思36 superficial adj.表面的, 肤浅的, 浅薄的37 artificial adj.人造的, 假的, 非原产地的38 historically 在历史上, 从历史观点上说39 complex adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的n.联合体40 assumption n.假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态41 interrelationship 相互关系[联系, 影响], 干扰42 fail to 未能...43 draw v.拉, 曳, 牵, 画, 绘制, 拖曳vt.汲取, 领取, 提取, 引起, 吸引vi.向...移动, 挨近n.平局, 和局, 拖曳翻译部分：1.monetary adj.货币的, 金钱的2.precise adj.精确的, 准确的n.精确3.inflation n.胀大, 夸张, 通货膨胀, (物价)暴涨4.have any effect on 对…有影响5.analogy n.类似, 类推6.steering n.操纵, 掌舵, 指导7.disadvantages n.不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势8.boast n.自夸, 值得夸耀的事物v.自夸, 以有...而自豪9.average n.平均, 平均水平, 平均数, 海损adj.一般的, 通常的, 平均的vt.平均为, 均分, 使平衡, 达到平均水平vi.买进, 卖出10.d igit n.阿拉伯数字, 手指或足趾, 一指宽(约四分之三英寸) 11.f orecasters n.预报员12.p anel n.面板, 嵌板, 仪表板, 座谈小组, 全体陪审员vt.嵌镶板13.c onsistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地14.f avourable adj.赞成的, 称许的, 有利的, 顺利的n.有利15.c onventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的16.s lack n.松弛, 静止, 淡季, 闲散, 家常裤adj.松弛的, 不流畅的, 疏忽的, 软弱的, 漏水的, 呆滞的, 懒散的adv.马虎地, 缓慢地vt.使松弛, 使缓慢, 马虎从事vi.松懈, 减弱, 松驰17.u tilization n.利用18.t ake off v.拿掉, 取消, 脱衣, 起飞, 减弱, 离开, 岔开, 复制19.p roved 被证实的20.t hrilling adj.毛骨悚然的, 颤动的, 发抖的21.defective adj.有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的n.有缺陷的人, 不完全变化动词1998年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.capture n.捕获, 战利品vt.俘获, 捕获, 夺取2.imagination n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉3.at the mercy of adv. 受...支配4.fascinated vt.使着迷, 使神魂颠倒vi.入迷, 极度迷人的5.achievement n.成就, 功绩6.assert v.断言, 声称7.cement n.水泥, 接合剂vt.接合, 用水泥涂, 巩固vi.粘牢8.intended adj.有意的, 故意的, 已经订婚的n已经订婚者9.deprived adj.缺乏足够教育的；缺少食物的10.i n return adv.作为报答11.r eservoir n.水库, 蓄水池12.c ontention n.争夺, 争论, 争辩, 论点13.b idding for n.命令, 出价, 邀请14.d estruction n.破坏, 毁灭15.f ar from adv.远离, 远非, 远远不, 完全不, 非但不16.i mpact n.碰撞, 冲击, 冲突, 影响, 效果vt.挤入, 撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响17.c onflict n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突18.h ydroelectric adj.水力电气的19.i rrigation n.灌溉, 冲洗20.m onster n.怪物, 妖怪21.d ealing with prep.有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致, 赞成,关于, 就22.t ales n.[律]候补陪审员召集令23.r evival n.苏醒, 复兴, 复活, 再生效, 复苏24.p roductivity n.生产力25.r evolution n.革命, 旋转26.a ssume vt.假定, 设想, 采取, 呈现27.p residing adj.主持会议的, 指挥的28.s tatistics n.统计学, 统计表29.l ump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块30.o n average 平均起来31.a cceleration n.加速度32.d ue to adv.由于, 应归于33.r ebound n.回弹v.回弹34.d isjunction n.分离, 分裂, 折断35.a necdote n.轶事, 奇闻36.r eflected adj.反射的,得自他人的37.c ontribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿38.b e intended to 为了39.p rofitable adj.有利可图的40.s witch to v.切换到，转到, 转变成41.s peculative adj.投机的42.i neptly adv.不适当地, 无能地43.c hief executive 总裁44.r evenue n.收入, 国家的收入, 税收45.f ar too many 太多的46.c hop out 降低47.b lunt adj. 直率的48.c onsultant n.顾问, 商议者, 咨询者49.s chism n.(政治组织等的)分裂, 教派50.h umanities 人文学科51.c ommunity n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致, 共同体, (生物)群落52.a ttack n.进攻, 攻击, (用语言)抨击, 批评, 疾病发作, 侵袭vt.攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事) vi.攻击53.c oncerns vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是54.a ssemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合55.f ind fault v.挑剔56.a cademics adj.学院的, 理论的57.o bjectivity n.客观性, 客观现实58.c oncern with v.使关心59.c ontradict vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触60.d ispute v.争论, 辩论, 怀疑, 抗拒, 阻止, 争夺(土地,胜利等) n.争论, 辩论, 争吵61.m anifesto n.宣言, 声明62.s corn n.轻蔑, 嘲笑, 被叱责的人vt.轻蔑, 不屑做63.l ong for v.渴望64.p retechnological 技术时代65.d epletion n.损耗66.e pithet n.绰号, 称号67.l ump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块68.e nlighten vt.启发, 启蒙, 教导, 授予...知识, 开导, <古>照耀69.e merge vi.显现, 浮现, 暴露, 形成, (由某种状态)脱出, (事实)显现出来70.c ensus n.人口普查71.s tandstill n.停止, 停顿72.i mplication n.牵连, 含意,暗示73.e nthrone vt.立...为王, 使登基, 任为主教, 崇拜vi.热心74.d ensely adv.浓密地, 浓厚地75.n umerically 用数字, 在数字上76.d epression n.沮丧, 消沉, 低气压, 低压77.m igrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙vt.使移居, 使移植78.a ttribute to 归功于79.d emographer n.人口统计学家80.a pparently adv.显然地81.o vercrowdedness n. 拥挤地区82.s earch for 搜寻83.s pacious adj.广大的, 大规模的84.p lagues n.瘟疫, 麻烦, 苦恼, 灾祸vt.折磨, 使苦恼, 使得灾祸85.a s a result adv.结果86.c onsiderably adv.相当地87.s catter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散88.i solate vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使绝缘, 离析n.隔离种群89.g eologist n.地质学者90.v olcano n. 火山91.o n the contrary adv.正相反92.i nterior adj.内部的, 内的n.内部93.m ilestones n.里程碑, 里程标, 重要事件, 转折点94.i nject into 把...注入95.c omplementary adj.补充的, 补足的96.r eminder n.提醒的人, 暗示97.i n detail adv.详细地98.r eadily adv.乐意地, 欣然,容易地99.s tationary 固定的100.anchor n.锚v.抛锚, 锚定101.confine vt.限制, 禁闭n.界限, 边界102.frame n.结构, 体格帧,画面,框架vt.构成, 设计, 制定, 使适合, 陷害vi.<英方>有成功希望n.帧,画面,框架103.geophysical adj.地球物理学的104.propel vt.推进, 驱使105.continental adj.大陆的, 大陆性的n.欧洲人106.fissure n.裂缝, 裂沟, (思想, 观点等的)分歧v.(使)裂开, (使)分裂107.initiate vt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起108.formation n.形成, 构成, 编队109.mutability n.易变性, 性情不定翻译部分：1.by far adv.到目前为止2.object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议vt.提出...来反对3.detect vt.察觉, 发觉, 侦查, 探测v.发现4.strip vt.剥, 剥去n.条, 带5.look into v.窥视, 浏览, 观察6.amazing adj.令人惊异的/doc/e49635330b4c2e3f5727638b.html ndmark n.(航海)陆标, 地界标, 里程碑, 划时代的事8.in fact 实际上9.originate in 起源于10.p ut forward v.放出, 拿出, 提出, 推举出11.d ominant adj.有统治权的,占优势的, 支配的adj.[生物] 显性的12.c osmos 宇宙13.b urst into v.闯入, 开出, 突然出现14.s ubmicroscopic adj.亚微观的15.o utward adj.外面的, 外表的, 公开的, 向外的, 外出的adv.向外, 在外, 表面上n.外表, 周围世界16.c ondensing into 冷凝为17.g alaxy n.星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东西18.a strophysicist n.天体物理学家19.i nflationary adj.通货膨胀的, 通货膨胀倾向的20.p ropel vt.推进, 驱使21.a ntigravity n.[物]无重量22.p lausible adj.似是而非的1999年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的, 粗暴的, 粗略叙述的v.大体描述adv.粗糙地2.doormat n.(放于门前的)擦鞋垫3.fail to 未能.../doc/e49635330b4c2e3f5727638b.html wsuit n.诉讼(尤指非刑事案件)/doc/e49635330b4c2e3f5727638b.html pensate v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬6.liable for 负责7.misfortune n.不幸, 灾祸8.anticipate vt.预期, 期望, 过早使用, 先人一着, 占先v.预订, 预见, 可以预料9.stepladder n.活梯10.f all off v.下降, 跌落, 减少, 衰退, 离开11.a ppropriate adj.适当的12.i nteraction n.交互作用, 交感13.f ederal regulation 联邦政府规章14.m anufacture vt.制造, 加工n.制造, 制造业, 产品15.l iability n.责任, 义务, 倾向, 债务, 负债, 与assets相对16.a ppear to 似乎17.s ide with defendant 站在被告一边18.p aralyze vt.使瘫痪, 使麻痹19.h elmet n.头盔, 钢盔20.a t the same time 同时21.r ecommendation n.推荐, 介绍(信), 劝告, 建议22.s ubstantial adj.坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充实的23.t ort n.[律]民事侵权行为24.b ombard vt. 炮轰；轰击25.t rivialities n.琐事26.f or the benefit of adv.为...的利益27.l egal liability 法律责任28.r evolve v.(使)旋转, 考虑, 循环出现29.t ap n.轻打, 活栓, 水龙头vt.轻打, 轻敲, 敲打出, 开发, 分接, 使流出, 选择, 攻螺纹于vi.轻叩, 轻拍, 轻声走n.<美>(用复数)熄灯号30.p rove to be 证明为31.m ake sense 使…有意义32.l ook for 寻找33.n onetheless adv.虽然如此, 但是34.h esitate v.犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿35.r eliability n.可靠性36.s enior adj.年长的, 资格较老的, 地位较高的, 高级的37.t ransaction n.办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务, 处理事务38.a ccess to 有权使用39.i ntranet 企业内部互联网40.c ommerce n.商业41.a vailable adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的42.f ocus on 集中43.t arget n.目标, 对象, 靶子44.u pdate v.使现代化, 修正, 校正, 更新n.现代化, 更新45.s ubscriber n.订户, 签署者, 捐献者46.c ustomize v.[计] 定制, 用户化47.s imilar adj.相似的, 类似的48.s pecial n.特派员, 专车, 专刊adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的, 专用的49.c ontempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬, [律]藐视法庭(或国会)50.t hinks highly of 尊重51.d istinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫52.p rospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探53.h orrify v.使恐怖, 使极度厌恶, 惊骇54.i nevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的55.r esort to 求助于56.s trategies n.策略, 军略57.i nteractivity 交互性58.h ospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情59.s ecurity n.安全60.s et up v.设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录), 提出, 开业61.s ilicon n.[化]硅, 硅元素62.p lunge n.跳进, 投入vi.投入, 跳进, 陷入vt.使投入, 使插入, 使陷入63.i nvisible adj.看不见的, 无形的64.o n the behalf of 代表65.p rospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探66.r adical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的n.激进分子67.e xplore v.探险, 探测, 探究68.c ontradiction n.反驳, 矛盾69.a im at v.瞄准, 针对70.j ustify v.证明...是正当的71.c onception n.观念, 概念72.a ssess vt.估定, 评定73.o ptimism n.乐观, 乐观主义74.f orsake vt.放弃, 抛弃75.p essimism n.悲观, 悲观主义76.b etray vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象77.v ocational adj.职业的78.e mphasize vt.强调, 着重v.强调79.m ake sure v.确定，确信,证实80.p resumptuous adj.专横的81.p ick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速82.e ntirely adv.完全地, 全然地, 一概地83.i n any case adv.无论如何84.c omplementary adj.补充的, 补足的85.v ocational adj.职业的86.c onfusion n.混乱, 混淆87.s tartle v.震惊88.b e opposite to 在...对面与...相反89.h usbandry n.管理90.i ndependent n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的91.r ecommendation n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的92.f everishly adv.兴奋地93.l egislation n.立法, 法律的制定(或通过)94.b e used for 用来做...95.c onsensus n.一致同意, 多数人的意见, 舆论96.u nacceptable adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的97.a ttempt to 试图，企图98.g eneral n.普通, 将军, 概要adj.一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的n.常规99.c all for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫100.nucleus n.核子101.in the air adv.在空中, 悬而未决, 在流传中, 不设防102.depend on v.依靠, 依赖103.supposedly adv.想像上, 按照推测104.gravity n.地心引力, 重力105.be curious about 对…好奇106.orbital adj.轨道的, 眼窝的107.consider vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为108.possibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物109.be ready for 做好了充分的准备110.impression n.印象, 感想, 盖印, 压痕111.substitute for 代替... 替换..., 取代..112.conference n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会113.advisability n.明智114.frown vi.皱眉, 蹙额, 不赞成, 反对v.皱眉115.be shocked at 对…感到震惊116.speculate vi.推测, 思索, 做投机买卖117.amount to 总计，等于118.victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品119.consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地120.convince vt.使确信, 使信服121.carry out n.进位, 射程, 运载vt.携带, 运送, 支持, 支撑, 传送, 意味vi.被携带, 能达到122.according to 依照，按照123.indicate vt.指出, 显示, 象征, 预示, 需要, 简要地说明124.measurable adj.可测量的125.reasonable adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的126.distract v.转移127.register n.记录, 登记簿, 登记, 注册, 寄存器vt.记录, 登记, 注册, 提示, 把...挂号vi.登记, 注册, 挂号128.regularity n.规律性, 规则性, 整齐, 匀称129.conformity n.一致, 符合130.desirable adj.值得要的, 合意的, 令人想要的, 悦人心意的131.be blamed for 被责备132.in favor of 赞成133.conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的翻译部分1.definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度2.conform to v.符合, 遵照3.attempt to 试图，企图4.significant adj.有意义的, 重大的, 重要的5.anew adv.重新, 再6.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散7.partial adj.部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的n.泛音8.partisan n.游击队9.rever v. 崇尚10.a ffinity n.密切关系, 吸引力, 姻亲关系, 亲合力11.m ethodology n.方法学, 方法论12.r efer to 参考，参照13.p eculiar adj.奇特的, 罕见的, 特殊的n.特有财产, 特权14.a ppropriate adj.适当的15.a ccuse of 因某事控告某人16.m ethod n.方法17.v ictim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品18.f allacy n.谬误, 谬论19.i mplementation n.执行20.e quate vt.使相等, [数]视为平等vi.等同2000年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分：1. effortless adj.容易的, 不费力气的2. handicap n.障碍, 阻碍, 障碍赛跑v.妨碍, 使不利, 阻碍3. a driving force 动力4. a glowing period 增长时期，发展时期5. unparalleled adj.无比的, 无双的, 空前的6. scale n.刻度,衡量,比例,数值范围,比例尺,天平,等级vt.依比例决定,攀登,测量7. inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的8. predominance n.优势9. at a loss 困惑10. fading n.褪色,枯萎,衰退11. textile n.纺织品adj.纺织的12. sweep into 涌入13. on the rope (爬山者)用绳相互系在一起14. semiconductor n.[物] 半导体15. at the heart of 关键16. casualty n.伤亡17. prosperity n.繁荣18. sensational adj.使人感动的, 非常好的19. look back on 回忆20. struggling adj.奋斗的, 努力的, 苦斗的21. devalued 减值的, 贬值的22. yield to 屈服, 让步23. on a diet 吃规定的饮食24. quick-witted 机智25. executive adj.实行的, 执行的, 行政的n.执行者, 经理主管人员26. think tank n.智囊团27. drop to 下降到，跌到28. maturity n.成热, 完备, (票据)到期, 成熟29. universal adj.普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的30. mortality n.死亡率31. excess n.过度, 剩于, 无节制, 超过, 超额adj.过度的, 额外的32. crucial adj.至关紧要的33. depend on 依赖，依靠34. kilogram n.[物]千克, 公斤35. variation n.变更, 变化, 变异, 变种, [音]变奏, 变调36. due to adv.由于, 应归于37. suicide n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为38 . fertile adj.肥沃的, 富饶的, 能繁殖的39. religious adj.信奉宗教的,虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的，严格的n.僧侣, 尼姑, 修道士40. offspring n.(单复数同形)儿女, 子孙, 后代, 产物41. take advantage of 利用42. diminish v.(使)减少, (使)变小43. tribal adj.部落的, 种族的44. mediocrity n.平常, 平庸之才45. biological adj.生物学的46. utopia n.乌托邦, 理想的完美境界, 空想的社会改良计划47. physical adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的n.体格检查48. transform vt.转换, 改变, 改造, 使...变形vi.改变, 转化, 变换n.[数]变换(式), [语]转换49 . ignorant of 不懂, 不知道50. organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的, 建制的51. beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边adv.在远处n.远处52. comprehension n.理解, 包含53. descendant n.子孙, 后裔, 后代54. find out v.找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发55. advocate n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹56. aim at v.瞄准, 针对57. farfetched adj.牵强的58. be regarded as 视为59. with regard to adv.关于60. case n.事, 病例, 案例, 情形, 场合, 讼案, 容器, (语法)格61. literature n.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献62. in brief 简单扼要地63. consequently adv.从而, 因此64. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受65. require vt.需要, 要求, 命令66. pour out v.诉说, 倾吐67. unhampered adj.无妨碍的，无阻碍的68. make up v.弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆，补足,拼凑69. imitate vt.模仿, 仿效, 仿制, 仿造v.模仿70. at will adv.随意, 任意71. confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的72. upsetting adj.令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的73. proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题74. call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫75. essentially adv.本质上, 本来76. aimlessness adj.无目的的, 没有目标的77. envy n.vt.羡慕, 嫉妒78. male-dominated 男性主宰的79. questioning 质问80. sacrifice n.牺牲, 献身, 祭品, 供奉v.牺牲, 献出, 献祭, 供奉81. rigid adj.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的82. in addition n.加, 加起来, 增加物, 增加, 加法83. emphasis on 强调84. mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的, 机械似的, 呆板的85. show up v.揭露, 露出, 露面86. test n.测试, 试验, 检验v.测试, 试验, 检验87. committee n.委员会88. frustration n.挫败, 挫折,受挫89. drop out v.不参与, 离去, 放弃90. incident n.事件, 事变adj.附带的, 易于发生的91. violence n.猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴92. assault n.攻击, 袭击v.袭击93. outcry n.大声疾呼94. conservative adj.保守的, 守旧的n.保守派95. emphasis n.强调, 重点96. minister n.部长, 大臣97. raise eyebrow 质疑地98. have more to do with 与…有关99. centralization n.集中, 中央集权化100. isolated adj.隔离的,孤立的, 单独101. commute v.交换, 抵偿, 减刑, <电工>整流102. crowded adj.拥挤的, 塞满的103. distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫104. destiny n.命运, 定数105. vitality n.活力, 生命力, 生动性106. admired v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕107. in an odd way 奇怪的是108. hypocrisy n.伪善109. barn n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房110. in demand 需求111. decade n.十年, 十112. confess v.承认, 坦白, 忏悔113. pushing adj.有进取心的, 有冲劲的, 急切的114. acquisitive adj.想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的115. vulgar adj.粗俗的, 庸俗的,。

20191.stay aware of2.as for3.generally healthy4.physically active5.muscle mass6.conflicted with7.inch8.bimonthly9.weigh-in10.intake11.do wonders12.zeal13.depiction14.distribution15.orderly16.rigid17.immediate18.track19.hold onto20.account for21.confirm22.principle23.belief24.consuming25.dominate26.triumph27.grasp28.norm29.statement30.appease31.in the right amount32.rap33.revival34.binary 35.advantageous36.represent37.pathway38.shortfall39.rein in40.nasty-nastier41.versa42.caregiver43.assessment44.transgression45.turn on sth46.inclined47.deprivation48.prosocial49.intellectual ability50.regulate51.foster52.intensify53.addictive54.inexcusable55.independent56.socially constructive57.play opposing roles58.oppose59.opposing60.result from61.haste62.a good share of63.strike a balance64.flourish65.carbon sink66.capacity67.thin out68.brush69.moisture70.pull from71.fend off72.burnable73.in the event of74.drought75.wildfire76.emissions-permit77.acreage78.vital79.woody80.lumber81.biofuel82.transportation83.wildlife84.recreation85.finalize86.preserve87.diversity88.drought-resistant89.density90.ambiguousplain92.overhaul93.obstruct94.straightforward95.visa96.agricultural97.losers98.undocumented99.characteristic 100.predominantly 101.settle102.migrate103.crop 104.oft-debated 105.cure106.implausible 107.all along 108.mechanization 109.corn110.soybean 111.wheatbor-intensive 113.dairy114.as a result 115.numerical 116.process 117.cumbersome 118.bureaucratic pound 120.raid121.raisin122.operation 123.import124.flaw125.mobility 126.tighten 127.annual128.admission 129.beat130.a bunch of 131.bunch132.star133.swap out 134.single-use 135.staple136.straw137.cutlery 138.put together139.enact140.legislation 141.overarching 142.be directed out 143.detrimental 144.do one’s bit 145.bold146.moral licensing 147.allay148.in charge 149.sustainably 150.hold to account 151.priority stest book 153.collectively 154.problematic 155.altogether 156.eliminate 157.incentive-based 158.recycling 159.trash160.disposal 161.progressive 162.alongside 163.engage164.cut the use of 165.disclose 166.self-driven 167.cost-effective 168.top-down 169.aggressive 170.inconsistent 171.housing 172.proclivity 173.in the dark 174.realty175.ownership 176.clinical177.cope with 178.broker179.in regard to 180.proximity 181.attorney 182.ruin183.fantastic 184.shelter185.harsh186.contingent 187.customize 188.crunch189.housing crunch 190.underestimate 191.pleasant 192.readable 193.contrary to 194.abundance 195.polished 196.literary field20181.a pile of2.twist3.reproduce4.fingernail5.chalkboard6.instinct7.backfire8.follow through9.ahead of time10.determine11.endeavor12.resolve13.regardless of14.rest on15.withdrawl16.persistence17.diligence18.self-reliant19.reliant20.self-destructive21.destructive22.self-evident23.self-deceptive24.trace25.conceal26.relief27.it is curious that28.as though29.justify30.pioneering31.practical32.accepted wisdom33.utterly34.overwhelm35.graffiti36.generation37.discard38.chewing gum39.insidious40.inferiority41.vocational education42.evaporate43.headlong 44.bachelor’s degree45.bachelor46.devalue47.vanish48.one-size-fits-all49.diversity50.career motivation51.reluctant52.indicate53.overvalue54.cautious55.fossil fuels56.coal57.roughly58.supply59.renewable60.momentum61.go on line62.farsighted63.plummeting64.solar65.solar panel66.wind turbines67.notably68.underline69.play with70.dot71.tech giants72.put-down73.skeptics74.storage75.vehicle76.place bid bets on77.massive78.trend line79.spike80.in times81.alternative energy82.stabilizing83.extensive84.impractical85.application86.sustainable87.exploitation88.power89.ambition90.astonish91.Amazon92.upmarket93.grocery94.grocery chain95.physical product96.intricate97.detailed98.go through99.enormously 100.revealing 101.journalist 102.party whip 103.whip104.plot105.remedy106.marketplace 107.abuse108.virtual109.farm110.aphid111.honeydew 112.predatory 113.spammers 114.inboxes115.democratic 116.mess upbat118.trap119.premium120.distracted121.retreat122.dedicate123.ritual124.journalistic 125.seize126.throughout the day 127.stick to128.interruption 129.appointment 130.prioritise131.craft132.well-structed 133.execution134.demotivate 135.render136.reap137.improvisation 138.downtime139.idleness140.indulgence141.vice142.paradoxically 143.psychiatry144.circuit145.indispensable 146.fruitful147.major148.contributor149.eliminate pliment 151.small talk 152.cab153.security guard 154.stuck155.flow156.rut157.initial158.jolt159.pour out 160.multitask 161.wholeheartedly 162.awkward163.grader164.tick165.convinced166.encyclopedia 167.fiction168.science fiction novels 169.reference books 170.title171.avenue20171.the masses2.wasteland3.mutually4.mutually exclusive5.mortality6.agonizing7.end8.overblow9.degrading10.unreliability11.uncertainty12.guideline13.resolution14.alongside15.leave behind16.make up17.set aside18.downside19.in the height of20.in the course of21.model 22.tricky23.lengthy24.scarce25.demand26.starved27.set off28.event29.staff30.range from…to…31.pledge32.lever33.couch34.in the run-up to sth35.general36.halve37.retrospection38.as to sth39.time trial40.trial41.ethos42.puffed-out43.first-timer44.clap45.shine46.bidder47.Olympic bidder48.Dual49.intimidating50.intimidatemon goods52.preside over53.preside54.wordy55.popularity56.elitism57.maximal58.engagement59.disengage60.bleed-over61.tablet62.tension63.bid64.be wired to65.blank66.unresponsive67.disconcerting68.distressed69.exquisitely70.sensitive71.insensitive72.oppressive73.conjunction74.fall75.condemn76.perpetuate77.graduate school 78.medical school79.lucrative80.misconception81.hinder82.pull back83.struggle with84.lessen85.throw into86.brand new87.acclimation88.blunder89.convince90.inherent91.mandatory92.costly93.credit94.initially95.off-campus courses96.motivation97.wildfire98.conservation99.watershed100.upkeep101.nationwide 102.construction 103.expenditure 104.redirect105.hazard106.corresponding 107.inclusive108.greenhouse gases 109.worsen110.at the expense of 111.unleash112.out of necessity113.disconnect114.do away withe to terms with 116.refrain117.hit118.trade deal119.grapple with120.end up with121.trade competition 122.outsourcing123.boomerslennials125.add up to126.stiff127.workforce128.pluck129.juniors130.electrical transformers 131.welding equipment 132.weld133.confound134.keep an eye on 135.enroll 136.worktable 137.flustered138.fluster139.copper coil 140.copper141.coil142.win over143.clear a hurdle 144.hurdle145.live through 146.be laid off 147.chief executive 148.shortage149.fill150.lure151.content152.publish153.secondary school 154.sewing155.personality 156.journalism 157.promotion20161.take risk2.firms3.in return②4.in conclusion5.individualism6.realism7.optimism8.modernism9.publicy traded firms 10.sure enough11.odd12.intensity13.control for14.indicator15.reputable16.account for17.resume18.assign to19.attribute to20.transfer to21.codified22.coding23.decision making process24.sentiment25.regularly26.take a longer-term view27.arrive at28.jump at29.hint at30.strike at31.plausible32.forward-thinking33.pray for34.lean towards35.send out36.give away37.catch up38.introductory39.assistant dean40.dean41.exposure42.string43.hypothesis44.break down45.bite-sized46.jobs gap47.pack48.brim49.determined50.drive-away51.flatiron52.bootcamp53.gear 54.drop out of school55.turnover56.relevant57.consultant58.coax59.frighten60.persuade61.estimate62.prairie63.stretch64.range65.crash66.endangered67.status68.regulatory power69.crack down on70.flexibility71.confrontational72.conservation73.collaboration74.habitat75.give-in76.prosecute77.restore78.acre79.set aside80.replace A with B81.interim82.in the driver’s seat83.rhetoric84.block85.challenge86.go too far87.extinction88.cliche89.specific90.mournfully91.free up92.odd93.flywheel94.exhausted95.incline96.obtain97.merely98.maximise99.instrumentally 100.instrument101.slot in102.fulfilling103.infinite104.conveyor belt 105.conveyor106.convey107.mind-set108.regular109.fuel110.ritualistic111.distractions 112.dip113.temporally114.surface115.repetitive116.promptly117.backdrop118.against backdrop of 119.generational lines 120.prizeestones122.constitute123.finish lines 124.strikingly125.prioritize126.maintain127.aftermath128.searing129.the Greast Recession130.majority131.somewhat132.signpost133.secure134.auto135.struggle136.mortgage137.profitable138.occupation139.pre-marital140.get established141.silly142.pleased143.have…down to an art=do sth very well 144.therapy145.wellbeing146.instinctively147.dictate148.suppress149.move on150.fiver151.overjoyed152.silver bullet153.indulge154.giggle155.endorphin156.fight off157.infection158.figure out159.side effect 160.spree161.on a tight budget 162.backfire163.byproduct 164.carry 165.sheer 166.scan 167.rationally 168.selective 169.accumulate 170.cart20151.cling2.beat into3.plug into4.guide into5.bring into6.notice7.hide under8.beyond9.hide behind10.hide sth from sb11.executive coach12.advance③13.disruptive14.perceive②15.misapply16.misinterpret17.mismatch18.fired19.delay20.unreasonable21.ungrateful22.unconventional23.attend to24.turn to25.take to26.point to 27.violent28.rip off29.band-aid30.tuck31.bend32.resist33.debate34.conversation35.negotiation36.trainess37.researcher38.reveal39.voyage40.ride41.go through with42.do away with43.catch up with44.put up with45.in turn46.in consequence47.whereas48.logical49.blurring50.cortisol51.marker52.refuge53.conventional wisdom54.nonparents55.hold true for56.kick back57.leave the office58.home frontg behind60.draw61.bargain62.life-sustaining63.put in64.nutrition65.clarity66.division67.clinically68.methodicallyy out70.talk into71.removal72.cozy-cozier73.motivate74.infinite②g76.dropout77.paradox78.recruit79.recruiting rate80.forthcoming81.college degree82.narrow83.next-to-no-cut84.recipients85.relatively86.modest87.intervention 88.cite89.struggle to90.take advantage of91.be to blame for92.enrich93.even94.lingua franca95.right-brained96.spin②97.parachute98.Fortune 500 companies99.frequent100.mission101.point out102.coincidence103.explicitly104.infuse105.importation106.terminology107.keep…motivated108.amid109.lean in110.buzzword111.in its own right112.set boundaries between A and B 113.devote oneself to114.irony115.make fun of sth116.willingly117.absorb118.nonsense119.buy into it120.fundamentally121.fundamental122.figure out123.the Labor Department 124.decent125.full employment 126.overlook127.a big jump128.distinction129.weakness130.make ends meet 131.general direction 132.reference133.outside of employment 134.either…or135.Medicaid136.satisfy137.classification138.a bed of roses139.grieve140.hold down141.inopportune142.mourn143.press forward144.barrier 145.luxuriant146.weigh down147.poison148.mindset149.catch up150.pause151.isolated152.dearest and nearest153.good humorpanionship155.a circle of friends156.external157.devalue158.be incapable of159.route160.twist and turn161.know…like the back of your hand 162.concentration163.well-travelled164.allocate165.think back20141.contribute to②2.the focus is usually on3.broadband4.housing sector5.shoulder the blame6.shove7.multibillion-pound infrastructure projects8.inevitable9.charge10.nevertheless 11.desperate12.waiting list13.all the timeprehensive15.review②prehensive spending review17.put historical prejudices to one side18.take some steps19.address our urgent housing need20.indicationmunities minister22.hint23.chancellor of the Exchequer24.chancellor25.Exchequer26.introduce(非介绍)27.cap28.lift29.look at30.the rental environment31.registered providers32.revenues33.be down to sb34.in the short term35.face up to the fact36.exist37.expire38.the labour party39.coalition②mitment41.pressing42.suffer43.disappoint44.implement45.renew46.generous47.installation48.confines49.studio50.gallery51.portray③52.substance53.medium54.typify55.scale56.quirky57.counterpart58.sole59.embodiment60.obscure61.set the tone for62.purplish63.rocky out65.rarefiedprise67.recreate68.brick-strewn69.embracemonplaceness71.characterise72.feature73.stroller74.variously75.unwittingly76.assault77.gravitate78.permeate79.the likes of80.readily81.still shots82.evoke83.make sth pay84.epic85.modestlyndscape-orientated87.conceptual88.gallery-bound89.optimism90.endlessly91.perpetually92.false93.falsely94.cheerfulness95.make the best of96.grant②97.reconstruction98.perspective99.acknowledge②100.grand101.scheme②102.empirical103.deep-seated104.naturally105.employ106.self-enhancing107.amass108.oceans of109.illusory110.superiority111.rate112.rate…as113.get on well with others 114.statistical115.rose-tint116.defensive117.stalk118.hot stuff119.oversee120.self-enhancement 121.rather than 122.lineup123.version124.visual recognition 125.intuitively126.deliberation127.flattering128.doctor(V)129.make up for130.profound131.insecurity132.correspond with 133.delusion134.think well of135.make sense136.viscerally137.on one level138.the cream of139.cream140.wit141.profile142.idealise143.slef-rate144.baseless145.unnatural146.oversimplify147.pursuit148.intellectual pursuit 149.withhold150.man versus machine 151.industrial revolution 152.acutely153.fragile154.a boom and bust cycle 155.go away156.outmode157.insatiable158.foresee159.hail from160.a powerful argument161.scary162.vulnerable②163.in the first place164.scripted165.individual initiative166.reinvent167.formula168.notion169.take initiative170.exercise one’s imagination 171.respond to unexpected events 172.note173.touch on174.reframe175.augment176.innovate177.institution178.highlight179.provoke180.versus181.boom②182.bust183.thinner184.health condition185.develop186.calcium187.deficiency188.calcium deficiency189.the elderly190.define 191.mass192.index193.defend194.divide195.square196.collegiate 197.frame198.prospect③199.harborbour201.tease202.build203.institute②204.initiative②205.troublesome 206.indictor207.objective 208.origin209.in terms of 210.in case of 211.in favor of 212.in respects of 213.measure(v) 214.modify215.in essence 216.in contrast③217.in turn218.in part219.qualify220.despise221.correct222.ground in/on sth 223.emerge from 224.tin-roofed 225.undivided226.lottery227.jackpot228.the biggest in history 229.mew-found fortune 230.yield231.fulfillment232.could no worse than 233.an array of234.rewarding235.counterintuitive 236.fantasy237.involve238.vision②239.fancy②240.extravagant241.wear off fairly quickly 242.regret243.creep in244.it is far better to do 245.valuable246.slim247.volume 248.be packed with 249.slave250.bang for the buck 251.buck252.be better off253.be jolly formute②255.whopping256.sparingly257.an object of obsession 258.obsession259.privilege260.privileged261.anxious262.scarcity263.enhance264.mandate③265.incentivee awaye after268.rarity269.a wider income gap20131.around the cornere to fruition3.fruition4.movement5.telecommunication6.fraud7.reverse8.resume9.work for10.work against11.work with 12.work on13.keep from14.borrow from15.withdraw16.release②17.manipulation18.justification19.call for20.adapt to21.chunk②22.chip23.trail24.path25.entitle26.textile mill27.make the point28.stubbornly29.more…than ever30.robotics31.automation32.genius33.stand out34.in the A years ending in B35.shed36.shed workers37.one out of every three38.post-high school education39.from across the Atlantic40.sojourners41.folks42.for good43.affectionate44.binds of passage45.hail…as…46.in the making47.brand …as…48.kick out49.framework50.mightily51.paralysis52.recognize53.violinists54.entrepreneurs55.aide56.driven by…57.manage to58.with or without permission 59.straddle60.jurisdiction61.identify③62.for a while63.in motion64.middle ground65.outcome66.loosen67.regular job68.mighty69.rival70.prone71.snap72.hard-wired73.assess74.preferably75.neuroticism76.exclusive77.interpersonal realm78.prime79.impulsive80.impulse81.overreact82.estate agents83.screener84.retreat85.mute86.differentiate87.intermittently88.contemplate89.rise above90.temptation91.sensible92.heaven93.in particular②94.corporate②95.senior management decisions96.top corporate-governance positions97.overwhelmed98.overwhelmingly②99.corporate boards100.European Union101.legislationpel103.proportion104.issue a call to105.sign up106.quotadder108.open the way to…109.glass ceiling110.binding111.provision112.run counter to113.meritocracy114.break through to115.summit116.precisely117.exception118.appropriate119.in place120.newsworthy121.highly capable person122.just123.reluctant124.peasant 125.chronicle 126.benefits127.burn out 128.validation 129.council flat 130.field②131.on a budget 132.ingredient 133.exact134.template 135.cost effective 136.fancye in handy 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card59.flat(a.)60.across-the-board61.thorny-thronier②62.academic achievement63.conversely64.a significant portion of65.grade66.put on hold67.look into68.conduct public hearings69.undermine70.state test71.discourage…from72.unanswered73.count with74.interpretation75.be obsessed with76.pervasive77.girlhood78.fuse79.despair80.singular lack of imagination81.associate professor82.domestic washing machine83.as a practical matter84.gender-netural85.nursery86.pastel87.constancy88.faithfulness89.amplify90.marketing strategye its own92.inherently93.marketing trends94.dictate95.perception96.core belief97.toddler98.assume99.turn out100.consumerism101.marketing trick 102.clothing manufacturer 103.trade publication 104.counsel105.department store 106.increase sales107.steeping stone108.shoppers term109.broadly110.split111.a sure-fire way112.boost profits113.segment a market 114.previously②115.nature116.federal judge117.biotech industry118.shake …to its core 119.patent120.isolate121.some 20%122.violently123.agitated124.preliminary125.battle126.at least temporarily 127.federal appeals court 128.overturn129.prior130.rule(v.)131.breast cancer132.personalized133.restrict access to…134.file a brief135.molecule136.no less than137.fibre138.cotton139.sequence140.genome141.violate142.may yet143.violate the patents of 144.the Supreme Court 145.As…advances146.domain147.a drug’s efficacywyer149.be determined by…150.session151.coachndscape153.packed154.Each meeting was packed 155.supportive156.life course157.ultimately158.find silver lings159.sliver160.materialistic161.prudent162.the struggles of…163.better off164.fever dream165.era166.reckless167.for the most part168.far off169.lengthy170.economic stagnation 171.stagnation 172.mean-spirited 173.sentiment 174.typically 175.inequality 176.shrink-shrunk 177.reinforce 178.class divides 179.catch up to…180.resentment 181.discern182.lean183.nation poll 184.mixed results 185.social fabrics 186.all the more so 187.struggle against 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acrosspulsory32.mentality33.envision34.incidentally35.occasionally36.skepticism37.manageable38.defendable39.push toward40.president41.bonus payout42.weather(v.)43.proxy statement44.restate45.federal class-action lawsuit46.correlation47.suggestive48.jump off a sinking ship49.trade up50.blow51.share price52.offer53.decline54.permissive55.scornful56.critical57.flee-fled-fledunch a round of talk59.charitable corporation60.shrug off61.inhabit62.margin63.routine64.stay afloat65.push…overboard 66.have the nerve to67.not surprisingly68.whirlwind69.film reviewers70.savagely71.virtue72.distinctiveness73.essential74.be to blame for75.by the millions of76.line up77.when it comes tomon sense79.live with80.in combination with81.stylish82.post83.take up posts84.exert85.signature86.signature phrase87.properly88.elegant89.eleganceminated91.sophisticated92.mask93.mask the fact94.coast95.Gold coast96.equivalent of97.abstract artmission99.forthright100.acquire101.self-sufficiency 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基本上，很大程度上overlook 忽视，忽 voluntarily自发地 figure 数字，数据distinction 区，差evidence 据，迹象recession衰败，不景气survey ，研究reference 参照，参照issue ，insurance保previously 先前的cover 投保，承保Part Bmourn 悲痛，惋惜，pressforward 力向前，努力前along the way 沿途，一路上signal 出⋯信号，表示inner 心里的，思想的barrier 阻碍物，屏障luxuriant 丰富的，多的weigh down 使重任，使沮焦poison 坏，染，阻挡keepthe eyesopen 大眼睛，保持留意mindset 心，思想向design 决意，意欲catch up 把⋯住，堕入⋯pause 停，停isolated 孤立的，孤单的dearest and nearest 最密的（人），最近的（人）circle of friends 朋友圈，交友圈考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总constant 持不停的，始如一的good humor 高，好心情companionship 友，交情，陪同objectivity 客，客性 external 外面的，外界的devalue 降低⋯的价（或地位、重要性等），低be incapableof 无能力的，不会的2014 年考研英二 Section ⅠUse of English overweight 体重超凡的，超重的 condition 健康状况，健康 develop 患（某种疾病）deficiency 缺乏，不足，缺乏症the elderly 老年人，上数的人obesity 肥胖，度肥胖mass（物体的）量index 指数，量度divide 除，除以square（某数的）平方moderately 适量地，不分地numerical 数字的，以数字表示的fit（尤指因常而）健康的，强健的collegiate 学院的，学院学生的conversely 相反地，以相反的方法frame（人或物的）身体，体型label sb/sth as sth 描绘⋯，将⋯disgrace 羞耻，的事；出丑stereotype 老一套，，刻板印象prospect 远景，可能性harbor 心，有（某想法等）tease 讥笑，嘲弄，招惹build（人体的）体型，体格negative 否认的，悲观的stimulate 刺激，促ban 明令严禁facility 施，，地 institute 成立，拟订（俗、等），开始（某程）initiative 新倡、行、方案launch 推出，使开始campaign运（某一社会的、商的或政治的目的而行的一系列有划的活）Text1widow 寡，孀 emerge 开始被知 undivided 未分开的；完好的 lottery 彩票jackpot ；最高fortune 富yield 生；出lasting 长久的fulfillment ，成就academic 高等院校老；高校科研人an array of 一系列rewarding 有利的；得的counterintuitive 反直的fantasy 想象；白天梦 vision想象；想象fancy 昂的，雅致的extravagant 豪侈的wear off 逐消失，减少，磨creep in 静静而至be packedwith ，塞 bang for your buck 所做的努力得；花得合算commute 通勤；上下班行程考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总whopping 巨大的；很大的（数字等）be jolly for 因⋯感觉高的、快乐的sparingly 地；慎用地；惜地privileged 享有特的；有特恩情的scarcity 不足；缺乏mandate 赞同；授incentive 激励come away 走开留下（印象）Text2empirical 以（或）依照的deep-seated 深的；根深蒂固的employ 使用，采纳 self-enhancing 自我提高、自我加的psychologist 心理学家amass 齐集（尤指大批）illusory 的；虚假的superiority 越感rose-tint 染了玫瑰色的，精、美化defensive 自的；防守的stereotype 腔；刻板印象boost 促；增添；增esteem 尊敬；敬爱 stalk高步地走hot stuff 奇才；非凡的人物oversee 督；管self-enhancement 自我化、自我拔高identify 确立；，辨出 lineup容；一 deliberation 考；熟思flattering 令人得更美丽的；好的genuinely 真地；地doctor 改，造profound 深刻的；极大的；重的be corresponded with 切合，一致delusion ；；妄图 think well of ；⋯有好感；高度价depressed 沮的，抑的make sense 存心；得通viscerally 自肺腑地wit 才情；才华intellect 智力，理解力，思悟力profile 印象，形象portray 描idealise 把⋯理想化Text3acutely 深刻地；尖刻地 fragile 不坚固的，柔弱的 recovery 复；恢复 boom and bust 繁华与条outmode 使⋯；使⋯不流行insatiable 得无的；不满足的foresee ；知exponential 指数的；指数式的；愈来愈快的improvement 改，改良performance 性能；效；表状况immune 免疫的hail from 来自scary（事物）可怕的；（人）担惊受怕的vulnerable 易受攻的；有短处的in the first place 开初、开始scripted 脚本化的；照面稿念的standardized 准的；准化的；定型的leave no room for 不留任何余地individual 个人的；独到的；独出心裁的initiative主；首精神reinvent 底改造formula 方案，方法conduct 行；施 notion 看法；解unexpected 不测的，想不到的，预料之外的，始料不及的predictable 可的note 指出；特提到touch on 说起；及reframe 从头augment 增添；增大innovate 改；改革；新；引入新事物institution制度，（由来已久的）俗Text4infrastructure 基施；公共建broadbandhousing 住所，住宅（尤指住宅型、价钱、条件）seldom 极少，不 shoulder 肩，肩负 shove ；撞；猛推 inevitab 不，只管如此a f f o r d ab l e 担得起的w a i t i n gl i s t候名；等待赞同的申人名c o m p r ehensive 合的，所有的review 核；rectify 更正，正prejudice 偏address法解决；理；urgent 急的；迫切的indication 指示；迹象hint 表示；表示Chancellor of the Exch introduce 采纳，引，实行性cap（可用或可借金的）authorities 当局，官方（housing stock 住所数；revenue 国家的收入；入在册的be down to sb.是某人的grant 款expire 期；止retain 保持，保存coalition 合；盟2013 年考研英二given 考到⋯于⋯cashless无金的，不使（just）around the corn考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总come to fruition 达成，means 方法，手段revolutionize 底改革，底革set up 成立，立，建筑telecommunication 磁通讯，距离通讯receipt 收据，收据cash 将⋯成金 issuer 开出支票者，出票人account ，writer 写⋯的人in the meantime 在此期，同eliminate 除去，除去concern 担忧， unauthorized未授的，未可的hacker 黑客（擅自存取算机中料者）access存取（算机文件），取database数据occurrence 事件，生的事fraud 欺，violate 干，入侵（个人自由等）entitle 称作⋯；命名⋯；⋯称呼textile 品，物 makethepoint 表示点 stubbornly固地，倔地 decline 降落；衰败recession 衰败；不景气；退后average典型的，一般的，正常的access使用；通路robotics 机器人科学（或技）extra 外的事物unique 独到的，罕见的；独一的，独一无二的acceleration 加快，促note 指出，特提到shed 去除，脱previous 从前的，过去的for sure 确；毫无疑地；必定advance 展；前；增 globalization 全世界化 revolution 革命support 支持，支撑ensure 保，保证immigrant 移民，外sojourner 旅居者，停留者permanent 永远的，不的，常的intention 意；目的；意愿depart 走开，出，出发for good 永地，永远地；一永逸地affectionate 深情的，充深情的rigid 格的；僵直的，古板的hail⋯as⋯将⋯誉⋯in the making 在中的，在形成中的brand 打烙印于⋯；印商于⋯framework 框架，骨架；构，构架mightily 很，特别paralysis 麻木；无力；停；（活、工作的能力）完好失，thrive 旺达，繁华，蓬勃展entrepreneur 企家；承包人participant 参加者accommodate （某人）供给住宿（或膳宿、座位等），容in motion 在运中的middle ground 中立，中地accomplish 达成，，达到考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总prone 有⋯向的；易于；向于snap 促的，仓促的 eliminate除去；清除 hard-wired 直的、本性的、本能的mechanism 体制assess定，估preferably 好，更适合neuroticism 神，情不定stimuli 刺激；刺激物；促要素（stimulus 的复数）exclusive特有的，有的，独占的realm域，范prime 使准好impulse冲，灵机一动reverse倒；逆screener者bias 偏，偏ground 使接触地面；打基 retreat 蔽，居，歇息寓所mute 减弱⋯的声音；使⋯轻柔differentiate 区分，区 intermittently 歇地，断断地contemplate 深思，思忖 temptation 引，惑物 corporate 法人的senior 高的，地位高的，高的overwhelmingly 倒性地；不行抵挡的board（公司或其余机构的）董事会，委会，理事会legislation 立法，法律compel 迫，迫使；使生考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总p r o p o r t i o n比率；部分m a n d a t e授；命令，指令f r u s t r a t i on 挫，挫折 signup for quota 定量，定，指 ladd glassceiling 玻璃天花板binding 有束力的reluctance 勉，不宁愿，run counter to 反，与⋯背反的meritocracy 英才教育（制obstacle 阻碍，干，阻碍逃走break through to 打破，突summit 点；最高会；最precisely（真或明）确exception 例外，异 app 适合的in place 在正确地点，准价的，有新价的just 公正的，合理的，正直chronicle 按事件生序live on 靠（⋯）生活burn out 尽，熄；疲惫不validation 承，可 counc考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总field 理，付（或意）on a budget 防止不用要的开销，省用impulsive 冲的；受感情使的；率性的ingredient 原料；资料；食材exact 正确的，精细的，精确的template 模板，板 fancy喜，想要anonymity 匿名，不著名 come in handy 派的上用embarrassment 窘况，堪；令人的人或事物greengrocer 蔬菜水果商；菜chiller 冷却装置，冷柜stock 高，原eliminate 除去，消 surplus 节余的，剩的 threaten 示凶兆，有⋯的危frugal 的；朴实的；花少的deli 熟食店；熟食品carcass尸体，体knuckle 关骨pick ，挑instantly 立刻地；上地；马上地absorb 汲取，理解，掌握neatly 整地，整有序地，有条理地acute 敏的，激烈的vivid 生的；明的；传神的 pop into 入，忽然出Text4 Part Cspeculate 推；推测arise from 由⋯⋯生；发源于evidence 明urge 烈的欲念；冲fashion 或制造某物strike ⋯⋯印象；⋯⋯ 得for all 然；只管speakof 表示；示turbulence ；杂乱sacred 神圣的crude 粗拙的；简陋的distinctly 明地as opposed to 与⋯⋯照；而不是shelter 物栖息；避：避所distinction 差；比 as it is 上；其 composure 沉稳；定 ineffect 上；事上 discernible 隐约可辨的；辨得出的as such 格意上的 segment 部分；片段 inarticulate 无明确意的；解的intrinsic 固有的；本的abiding 久的；长久的deprive 剥give in to 屈服于；投诚；步demoralization 士气低沉；道德坏；堕落blame on 把⋯⋯咎于vanish 消失；忽然不as if by magic 奇特地；不行思地；像魔般cultivation 耕作；耕作unfeasible 以行的composition 作品conjure up 起；在海中浮 petal花瓣考研英语二历年真题要点单词汇总stuffed animal 毛玩具 implicit委婉的；表示的 explicit 明确的；清楚的 liberated 不受束的；解放的 synthetic 人造的；合成的biophilia 人近大自然的本性yearning 盼望；望assume 呈；拥有（特定的性、表面或程度）uncanny 异乎常的；非凡的2012 年英二Section Ⅰ Use of English mindless 没的，盲目的，无的military adventurism 事冒主liberate 解放，使⋯⋯自由tear ⋯away from sth 使恋恋不舍地走开，忍痛离开foxhole 散兵坑shelter 庇，庇所stick it/sth out 持究竟，忍耐下去Nazi reign of murder 粹的戮治volunteer 志愿者，自告勇者fierce 凶狠的，残忍的brutal 残忍的，野蛮的abbreviation 写，写形式article 物品，物品working class工人，secretary of state（美国）国卿，（英国）部career 生涯，履 personality 个人的，个人的correspondent（特别指外的）者，通portray 饰演（某角色）cover 道，道 capture 用武力取，攻克cartoon（刊中与政治和事有关的）漫画，刺画exhaustion 疲惫不堪，耗尽civilization 文明，社会文明Text1scorn 蔑，鄙revise 改，修正ritual 例，老矩，例行公务inflexible 固的，僵化的，缺乏性的mandate 命令，指示address（着手）解决、理（）impoverished 困的chaotic 杂乱的contradictory（互相或自相）矛盾的essentially 本上，根本上pass通行implication 含，表示skip 不做（原来做或常做的事）report card 成empower 授（某人或某做某事）flat 固定的across-the-board 一刀切的thorny 棘手的conversely相反的，另一方面的portion （某物的）一部分put on hold 置，施hearing 听会，，聆Text2pervasive 广泛的，无处不在的 intrinsically 从实质上（讲）celebrate 夸奖、颂扬 fuse 使熔合singular 突出的，非凡的encode 编码，加密associate副的nursery 育儿室，托儿所pastel（色彩的）淡的，轻柔的 amplify 扩大，增强dictate 控制，支配toddler 幼童consumerism 花费主义 counsel 建议split 分裂，分开segment 切割，区分，细分magnify 放大，扩大Text3patent 专利证书isolate 分别（物质、疾病等以作研究）violently 激烈地，激烈地agitated 紧张不安的，忧虑的preliminary 初步的，预备的federal appealscourt 联邦上诉法院overturn 使颠覆，打翻prior 较早的，先前的rule 判断，裁定blessing 幸事，好运，福分alike 相同都（用于重申刚才说起的二者）personalised 个性化的suppress镇压，遏止，压制reward 酬报，报恩，奖励monopoly 垄断者，垄断公司file 提出，提交，发布molecule 分子genome 基因组violate 入侵the SupremeCourt 最高法院advance 进步，进展suit 诉讼，讼案domain 领域，范围interact 互动，互相关系correlation 互相关系，关系convention 会议session（一系列会议中的一次）会议shifting 挪动着的，变化着的landscape局势packed 挤满人的，特别拥堵的Text4course 自然的进展，往常的过程reshape 重塑lining 衬里，里子materialistic 实利主义的，物质主义的（含贬义）prudent 理智慎重的，节约的respect 方面fever 狂热，高度喜悦reckless草率的，鲁莽的，不管结果的lengthy 长时间的，过长的stagnation 经济阻滞 mean-spirited 气度狭小的 inclusive包含的，范围广阔的sentiment 看法，感想，建议shrink（使）减小，（使）缩短 reinforce 增强，增强dim （使）变黯淡resentment 怨气，恼恨，不满discern 辨别，看清，意会lean 不景气的poll 民心，民心 socialfabric 社会构Part Baccomplish 达成，sage圣人，先知craze 尚，髦，潮 approach付，理，研究empathy 怜悯，同感，共inspiration 启迪，激励the Renaissance文复（期）exemplary 典范的，可做模范的champion 捍，cunning 狡猾，狡ruthlessness 无情，冷峻commemorate 祝，念catalogue 目，名 furnish 供给，供 resolute 决的，定地steadfast 忠的，不渝的beacon 带路人，指路明灯bourgeois 分追求名利的，着重物享受的；市的，俗气的epochal 拥有划代意的bombast 空洞的（言）hitherto 迄今，到现在immense 巨大的wage ，行（争，斗）nurture 培养，培养unpick 拆去（衣料或物上的）脚，撬开multiplicity 多性downstairs 底（）upstairs 上（）Section Ⅲ Translation migration 移民prospect 远景，很有可能会生的事情departure 走开，出发privilege 特，特别待遇，惠emigrate 移居外国 brain drain 人材流失deprive 剥Section IV Translationto my dismay 我的是shut itself down automatically 自关机with intolerable frequency 人没法忍耐的繁replacement 更follow the warranty policy 执行保修satisfaction 意reach 与⋯系noisiness吵remote control 遥控器unable to control temperature 没法控制温度difficult to use 使用困report 告declare 声称express表达surely 必定energetic 有活力的competent 有能力的professional 人士consequent 相的occasional偶的mostly 大多半地understandably 能够理解地 crown 达成或束 afflict使⋯苦 relate to 与⋯有关career situation情况at the age from ⋯to ⋯⋯到⋯之的younger crowd 更年的人reach a career plateau 入高原senseof powerlessness无力感reduce⋯ to⋯使堕入（坏的）状况或情况中deep dissatisfaction 深深的不 in an upward spiral 在上涨段 career maturity 展成熟retirement life 退休生活 career trouble commodity price 物价middle-income consumer 中等收入消者low-income consumer 低收入消者high-income consumer 低收入消者2011 年考研英二供给网安全保障的举措（知运用）【僻】 v.供给，予【近】 offer，provide【搭配】 ~ sb sth/~ sth to sb 某人供给⋯⋯2.anonymity n.匿名，名字不公然【速】 an-（表示否认，“没有⋯⋯”）+onym（=name）+ -ity （名后）【同根】 anonymous a.匿名的，名字不公然的n.好事，有利之事：L a c ko ft r a f f i c i s o n eo f t h e b l e s s i n g s o f c o u n t r y l i fe. 来往少是村生活的【僻】n.激【同根】explosive a 数字）激增的【搭配】 population ~增； ~ of interest趣5.cyber-crime n.网犯v.保，【同根】 preservation n.保【搭配】 ~ the peace7.cyber-czar n.网管a.源的，【同根】 volunteer n9.identity n.身份，身份【搭配】 +名：know/discover/reveal/c someboday’s ~ 知道 / /揭穿 / 遮盖 / 保某人的形容 + 名： false/mis 虚假身份 / （冠李戴）；~papers/documents 身份10.credential n.，凭证【速】 cred（相信） + -en明⋯⋯是真的【近】 testify ，verify【同根】 authentic可信的【搭配】 ~ sth（assth）⋯⋯n.合，邦【同根】federal a.邦制的，邦政府的【搭配】 the International Tennis Federation国网球合会13.registered a.注册的，登的【同根】 register v.注册，登【搭配】~ nurse 注册士； ~trademark注册商14.navigate v.（在互网或网站上）航【同根】 navigation n.航，航15.approach n.门路，方法【搭配】名+ 介：~ to sth/doing sth 解决某事的方法；+名：adopt/taken an ~ 采纳一种方法登，登17.ecosystem n.生系【速】 eco-（生的） +system （系）18.transaction n.交易，【同根】 transact v.做，做21.activist n.极分子，活分子【同根】 activity n.活，活【搭配】political/animalrights/gay~政治活家 / 物利极分子 / 极支持同性恋者v.称，【近】 acclaim，approve【同根】applause n.掌声，喝采23.concerned a.担的，忧虑的【同根】 concern n.，担忧v.使，使担忧24.initiative n.倡，新方案【同根】 initiate v.开始，起【搭配】 a United Nations peace ~ 合国的和平倡；a government ~ to combat unemployment 政府付失的新方案pulsory a.（因法律或而）必做的，制的【速】com-（表加）+puls（推） + -ory（形容后）【同根】 compel v.迫使，制；交易compulsion n.迫，制【搭配】【搭配】 ~ subject/education必cash/commercial/financial/ ~修科目 / 教育；金/商 / 金融交易~ redundancies制裁；~19.infrastructure n.基建【速】infra-（在⋯ ⋯ 下）+structure（构，建筑）【同根】 infrastructural a.基建的n（.尤指美国）政府【同根】administrative a.管理的，行政的purchase制性26.mentality n.心，思想状况【同根】mental a.精神的，思虑的，智力的【搭配】 criminal ~犯法心27.greet sb/sth with/by sth ⋯⋯做出某种反：His statement was greeted with cries of astonishment andindignation.他的番被以一片叫唤声，有震撼，也有怒。

历年真题中旳单词与词组总结Text 11.birth certificate 出生证明2.soccer player 足球运动员3.the World Cup 世界杯4.be likely to do…也许做……5.national youth team 国家青年队6.professional rank 专业级别7.strange phenomenon 奇怪旳现象8.account for…解释，阐明；占（比例）9.psychology professor 心理学专家10.believe in…相信11.grow up 成长12.be switched to…被转变到13.a series of…一系列旳14.be coupled with…与……一起15.cognitive exercise 认知练习16.in other words 换句话说17.inborn difference 天生旳差异18.be known as…以……而著名19.deliberate practice 审慎旳实践20.specific goal 详细旳目旳21.immediate feedback 直接旳反馈22.concentrate on…集中于23.take to…开始24.expert performer 杰出人物；专家级行为人25.a wide range of 大范围旳……boratory experiment 试验室旳试验27.put another way 换句话说28.professional training 职业培训29.rather than…宁愿……；而不是30.psychological factor 心理原因31.a high degree of concentration 高度旳集中32.a dominating factor 主导原因33.professional success 专业旳成功34.biographical data 传记数据35.the key to excellent performance 杰出体现旳关键36.high achiever 获得高成就旳人37.owe …to …把……归于38.be close to 靠近39.Faith will move mountains. 精诚所至，金石为开。

历年考研英语的高频单词（3～13次）历年考研英语的高频单词（2次）考研大纲词汇词组AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abidev.(by)坚持,遵守abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会abnormala.反常的,不正常的aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abolishv.废除,取消aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处abrupta.突然的,意外的;(举止,言谈等)唐突的,鲁莽的absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于absorptionn.吸收abstracta.抽象的n.摘要,提要v.提(抽取)absurda.荒唐的abundancen.丰富,充裕abundanta.(in)丰富的,充分的,充裕的abusev./n.滥用;虐待;谩骂academica.学院的;学术的academyn.学院acceleratev.加快,促进accelerationn.加速(度)accentn.腔调,口音;重音(符号)acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accessoryn.附件,配件a.附属的accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accidentala. 偶然的,意外的accommodatev.留宿,收容;供应,供给accommodation(s)n.住宿,留宿;膳宿供应accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成accordancen.一致in accordance with与…一致according to按照,根据accordinglyad.因此,从而,相应地,照着（办）accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accumulatev.积累,积蓄,堆积accuracyn.准确,准确度accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomv.（to）使习惯accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acknowledgev.承认;致谢acquaintv.(sb.with)使认识,使了解acquaintancen.熟人,相识acquirev.取得,获得;学到acquisitionn.获得,获得物acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activatev.使活动,起动activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activityn.活动;活性,活力actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的acutea.敏锐的,尖锐的;(疾病)急性的AD/A.D.n.公元ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写adaptationn.改编;适应addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外additionala.附加的,另外的,额外的addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的adherev.(to)粘附,胶着;坚持adjacenta.(to)邻近的,毗连的adjectiven./a.形容词(的)adjoinv.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正administrate/administerv.掌管,料理...的事务;实施,执行;给予,投(药)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirationn.钦佩,赞美admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admissionn.允许进入,接纳,收容;承认admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adolescentn.青少年a.青春期的,青少年的adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adoptionn.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用advantageousa.有利的adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇adverbn.副词advertisev.做广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者v.提倡,鼓吹aeriala.空中的,航空的n.天线aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间aesthetic/esthetica.美学的,艺术的;审美的affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affiliatev.使隶属(或附属)于n.附属机构,分公司affirmv.断言,肯定affirmativea.肯定的affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)ad.后来,以后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agencyn.代理(处),代办处agendan.议事日程agentn.代理商(人),代表aggravatev.恶化,加重,加剧aggressivea.侵略的,好斗的;敢作敢为的,有进取心的agitatev.鼓动,搅动;搅拌agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreeablea.惬意的,令人愉快的;易相处的;同意的agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturala.农业的agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airmailn.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane/aeroplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alerta.警惕的;机灵的alienn.外侨;外星人a.外国的;(from)相异的;(to)不相容的alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allegev.断言,宣称alleviatev.减轻,缓解,缓和alliancen.结盟,联盟;联姻in alliance with与...联盟allieda.联合的,同盟的allocatev.分配,分派,把...拨给allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅alloyn.合金allyn.同盟国,同盟者;支持者v.(with)使结盟almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起alongsideprep.在…旁边,横靠,与...并肩ad.并排地,并肩地aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还not only...but also不但...而且alterv.改变,变更alterationn.改变,变更alternatea.交替的,轮流的v.交替,轮流alternativea.两者挑一的n.可供选择的事物,替换物,选择对象althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altituden.高度,海拔altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直AM/A.M./a.m.上午amateura.业余的n.业余(活动)爱好者amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹ambassadorn.大使ambiguousa.模棱两可的ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车amendv.修改,修正American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amperen.安培amplea.充分的,富裕的;宽敞的,宽大的amplifiern.放大器,扩音机amplifyv.放大,增强amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣) amusementn.娱乐,消遣;娱乐活动analog/analoguen.类似物;模拟analogyn.比拟,类比by analogy用类推的方法analysisn.分析,分解analytic(al)a.分析的,分解的analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝anniversaryn.周年(纪念日)announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到announcern.播音员,报幕员annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anonymousa.匿名的;无名的;无特色的anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antn.蚂蚁antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anticipatev.预期,预料,预感,期望anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apartmentn.[英]房间,套间;[美]公寓apologize/apologisev.(to,for)道歉,认错apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appendixn.附录,附属物appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applaudv.喝彩,欢呼,鼓掌,称赞applausen.鼓掌欢迎,欢呼applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具applicablea.(to)能应用的,适用的applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appraisaln.估计,估量;评价appreciablea.可以察觉的,可估计的appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识apprehensionn.忧虑,担心,疑惧;理解,领悟approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月apta.恰当的,适宜的;(习性)易于...的,有...倾向的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的arbitrarya.任意的,专断的archn.拱门,弓形结构,桥拱洞v.拱起,(使)变成弓形architectn.建筑师architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrayn.一系列,大量;排列v.排列arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词articulatea.善于表达的,口齿清晰的v.明确有力地表达artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同as...as像...一样as for至于,就...方面说as if好像,仿佛as though好像,仿佛as to至于,关于as well也,又as well as(除...之外)也,既...又not as/so...as不如...那样ascendv.攀登,上升ascertainv.查明,弄清,确定ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊ashoread.在岸上,上岸Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请ask after询问,问候ask for请求,要求asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assaultv./n.袭击,攻击assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assertv.断言,宣称assessv.估价,评价assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assimilatev.(被)吸收,(被)消化;(使或被)同化assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistancen.帮助,援助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assumptionn.假定,设想;采取;承担assurancen.确保,断言;保证,担保assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位)atmospherica.大气的,空气的atomn.原子;微粒,微量attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attainv.达到,获得attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attendancen.到场,出席attendantn.服务员,值班员;护理人员attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attentivea.注意的,留神的attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等)attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见augmentv.扩大,增加,提高Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母aurala.听觉的Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automationn.自动(化)automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availn.[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]效用,利益,帮助v.有用于,有助于avail (oneself) of利用of/to no avail不起作用,没有用availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的v.平均,均分on (the/an) average平均,一般说来avertv.防止,避免;转移(目光,注意力等)aviationn.航空,飞行avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awaitv.等候,期待awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awfullyad.非常,很awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持back and forth来回,往返,来来往往地back down/off放弃,让步,退却back of在...后部,在...背部back up支持,援助;倒退,后退backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向baconn.咸肉,熏肉bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bada.坏的,恶的,错的;低劣的,拙劣的;不舒服的,病的;腐败的;严重的badgen.徽章badlyad.坏,恶劣地;严重地,非常,厉害地badmintonn.羽毛球bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李bakev.烤,烘,焙;烧硬,焙干bakeryn.面包房balancev.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balda.秃的,秃头的balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球banv.取缔,查禁;(from)禁止n.禁止,禁令bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bandagen.绷带v.用绷带扎缚bangn.砰砰的声音;猛击,猛撞v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankrupta.破产的bankruptcyn.破产v.使破产bannern.旗(帜)barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物)v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露barelyad.赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地;仅仅,勉强,几乎没有bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barnn.谷仓,仓库barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球batn.球拍,球棒,短棒;蝙蝠batchn.一批,一组,一群bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡bathev.游泳,洗澡,浸,弄湿bathroomn.浴室;盥洗室,卫生间batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bayn.海湾,(港)湾BC/B.C.公元前bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为because of由于,因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底bedroomn.卧室been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候beforehandad.预先,事先begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beginv.开始begin with从...开始beginnern.初学者beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为make believe假装belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人below prep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的berryn.浆果besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)at (the) best充其量,至多do/try one’s best (to+inf.)尽力,努力get the best of胜过make the best of充分利用,妥善处理betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注betrayv.背叛,出卖;暴露,流露,泄露bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者for the better好转,改善get the betterr of占上风,胜过had better最好还是,应该betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间bewarev.当心,谨防bewilderv.使迷惑,难住beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处biasn./v.(使有)偏见,偏心,偏袒Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破blazen.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉v.燃烧,冒火焰bleaka.荒凉的;冷酷的;没有希望的bleedv.出血,流血blendn.混合(物)v.混和,混杂blessv.祝福,保佑blessingn.祈祷,祝福blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloodya.流血的,血腥的bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blossomn.花v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色blunderv.(因无知,粗心等而)犯大错;踉踉跄跄地走n.大错blunta.率直的;钝的v.(使)钝;(使)迟钝blushv./n.脸红boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)boilern.锅炉;煮器(壶,锅等)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bonusn.奖金,红利bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事borna.出身于...的,天生的,生来的borrowv.借(用)bosomn.(心)胸bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boughn.大树枝,主枝bouncev.跳起,弹起n.(球)跳起,弹回boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆boycottn./v.(联合)抵制,拒绝参与bracev.使防备,使受锻炼;支撑;使(手,足,肩等)绷紧n.托架,支架bracketn.(方)括号brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印brandyn.白兰地酒brassn.黄铜,铜器bravea.勇敢的braveryn.大胆,勇敢breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅breakv.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间break away(from)脱离,逃跑break down损坏,分解,瓦解break in强行进入,闯入;打断,插嘴break into闯入break off断绝,结束break out突然发生,爆发;(of)逃出break through突破break up中止,结束;打碎,拆散breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息catch one’s breath屏息,歇口气out of breath喘不过气来,上气不接下气breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风briben.贿赂v.向...行贿,买通brick n.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报in brief简单地说,简言之brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的brimn.边缘,帽沿bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致bring about带来,造成bring down打倒,挫伤;降低bring forth产生,提出bring forward提出bring out使出现,使显明;公布,出版bring to使恢复知觉bring up教育,培养,使成长briska.轻快的;生气勃勃的;兴隆的Britainn.不列颠,英国Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的broadcastv./n.广播(节目)brochuren.小册子brokena.破碎(了)的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brookn.小河,溪broomn.扫帚brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过brutala.残忍的;严峻的;严酷的bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budn.芽,花苞v.发芽,含苞欲放budgetn.预算v.做预算buffetn.自助餐bugn.臭虫;小毛病;窃听器v.窃听buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼buildingn.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulbn.灯泡,球状物bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulln.公牛bulletn.子弹,枪弹bulletinn.公报,公告,告示bumpv.(against,into)碰,撞;颠簸着前进n.碰撞;隆起物bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burn up烧起来,旺起来;烧完,烧尽burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley bus无轨电车bushn.灌木(从)businessn.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责on business因公,因事busya.忙的,繁忙的;(with)忙于...的v.使忙于butconj.可是,但是,而;除...外prep.除...外ad.只,仅仅,不过but for除...以外,倘没有,除非butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油v.涂黄油于...上butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.纽扣,按钮(开关)v.扣紧;扣上纽扣buyv.(购)买n.购买,买卖byprep.在...旁,靠近;被,由;经,沿,通过;不迟于,到...时为止;根据,按照;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过ad.在近旁,经过bypass/by-passn.旁路,迂回的旁道by-productn.副产品Ccabbagen.洋白菜,卷心菜cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋cabinet n.橱柜;内阁cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳v.拍电报cafen.咖啡馆,(小)餐馆cafeterian.自助食堂cagen.鸟笼caken.饼,(蛋)糕calculatev.计算,推算;计划,打算calendarn.日历,月历calln.叫喊,呼声;(电话)通话v.叫(喊),招呼;把...叫做,称...为;(on,at)访问,拜访;打电话call for邀请;要求,需要call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起call off放弃,取消call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up召集,动员;打电话;使人想起calma.(天气,海洋等)静的,平静的;镇静的,沉着的n.平静,风平浪静v.(使)平静;(使)镇定cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营v.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能,会;可以;可能n.罐头v.装罐头Canadan.加拿大Canadiana.加拿大的n.加拿大人canaln.运河;(沟)渠cancelv.取消,把...作废;删去,划掉cancern.癌candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者candlen.蜡烛candyn.糖果cannonn.大炮,火炮canoen.独木舟,小游艇canteenn.食堂canvasn.帆布;油画布,油画capn.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于...顶端capablea.有本领的,有能力的;(of)可以...的,能...的capacityn.容量,容积;能量,能力;接受力capitaln.首都,首府;大写字母;资本,资金a.首位的,最重要的,基本的capitalismn.资本主义capsulen.胶囊;太空舱captainn.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做...的首领,指挥captiven.俘虏a.被俘虏的,被监禁的capturev./n.捕获,俘虏v.夺得,攻占carn.车(辆),汽车;(火车)车厢carbonn.碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳cardn.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片ID card身份证credit card信用卡caren.小心,谨慎,注意;关怀,操心,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较care for照管,关心;喜欢,意欲take care小心,当心take care of照顾,照料;承担,处理,负责careern.生涯,经历;专业,职业carefula.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的cargon.船货,货物carpentern.木工,木匠carpetn.地毯carriagen.(四轮)马车;(火车)客车厢carriern.搬运人;载体carrotn.胡罗卜carryv.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带carry off夺去carry on继续下去,坚持下去;从事,经营carry out贯彻,执行,实现cartn.(二轮货运)马车,手推车cartoonn.漫画,幽默画;动画片carvev.(雕)刻casen.箱,盒,容器;情况,事实;病例;案件in any case无论如何,总之in case假如,以防(万一),免得in case of假使,万一in no case决不cashn.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款cashiern.收银员,出纳员cassetten.盒子;盒式磁带castv.投,扔,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的,非正式的casualtyn.伤亡人员;受害人catn.猫catalog/cataloguen.目录(册)v.编目(录)catchv.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到catch on理解,明白catch up with追上,赶上categoryn.种类,类目cathedraln.大教堂Catholica.天主教的n.天主教徒cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜causen.原因,理由;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起cautionn.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫v.警告cautiousa.(of)小心的,谨慎的caven.洞,穴ceasev./n.停止,中止ceilingn.天花板celebratev.庆祝celln.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池cellarn.地窑,地下室cementn.水泥;胶泥,胶接剂v.胶合;巩固,加强censusn.人口普查(调查)centn.分(币);百per cent百分之center/centren.中心(区),中央v.集中centigraden./a.摄氏温度计(的);百分度(的)centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certainlyad.一定,必定,无疑;当然,行certaintyn.必然,肯定;必然的事certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长chalkn.粉笔,白垩challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生by chance偶然,碰巧take a chance冒险一试changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaosn.混乱,紊乱chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge of担任,负责charityn.慈善(团体),仁慈,施舍charmn.吸引力,魅力;美貌v.迷人,(使)陶醉;施魔法于charminga.迷人的,可爱的chartn.图,图表charterv.租船,租车n.宪章chasev./n.追逐,追求chatv./n.闲谈,聊天cheapa.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的cheatv.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为checkv.检查,核对;制止,控制;(凭票)托运或寄存n.(=cheque)检查,核对;方格图案,格子织物check in办理登记手续check out结帐后离开;检验,核查check up/(up)on校对,检查,检验check/chequen.支票cheekn.面颊,脸cheerv.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼cheer up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来cheerful a.愉快的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.[pl.]化学制品,化学药品chemistn.化学家;药剂师chemistryn.化学cheque/checkn.支票,空白支票;总收入cherishv.珍爱;怀有cherryn.樱桃(树)chessn.棋chestn.胸腔,胸膛;箱,柜chestnutn.栗子,栗树chewv.咀嚼;思量chickenn.小鸡,小鸟;鸡(肉)chiefa.主要的,首要的n.首领,领袖chieflyad.主要地,首要地child([pl.]children)n.小孩,儿童,儿女childhoodn.幼年,童年childisha.孩子气,幼稚的chilln.寒冷,寒气,寒战v.使寒冷chimneyn.烟囱chinn.下巴,颏chinan.瓷器Chinan.中国Chinesen.中国人;中国话;中文,汉语a.中国(人)的,中国话的,汉语的chipn.切屑,碎片;(土豆等的)薄片;集成电路块chocolaten.巧克力(糖),赭色choicen.选择(机会),抉择;供选择的种类,选择项;入选者,精华a.精选的,上等的,优等的chokev.窒息,噎住;闷塞,堵塞,阻塞choosev.选择,挑选;甘愿chopv.砍,劈,斩n.排骨,肉块chorusn.合唱队;合唱v.异口同声地说,随声附和in chorus一齐,一致,共同Christiann.基督教徒a.基督教徒的Christmasn.圣诞节chronica.(疾病)慢性的;积习难改的;严重的,坏的churchn.教堂;[C-]教会cigarn.雪茄烟cigarette/cigaretn.香烟,纸烟,卷烟cineman.电影院;电影,影片circlen.圆,圆周;圈子,集团;周期,循环v.环绕,旋转circuitn.环行,周线,巡回;电路,线路circulara.圆(形)的,环形的;循环的n.传单,通报circulatev.(使)循环,(使)流通circumferencen.圆周,周围circumstancen.[pl.]情况,形势,环境;经济情形,境况circusn.马戏团,杂技团;马戏场,杂技场citev.引用,引证,举(例)。

历年考研英语真题核心词汇Unit Onevote v. /n. 投票debate v. /n. 辩论，争论authority n. 政府；权威专家，权威（人士）occupation authorities 占领当局be authorized to do 得到授权be entitled to (do) sth. 被赋予做…的权利，有做…的权利incurably ill patients 晚期患者terminally ill 晚期的，终期的convince v. 坚信，相信；令人信服word n. 消息flash v./n. 闪现，，闪动，出现executive a.执行的n.执行官chief executive 首席执行官the right to…（有）做…的权利have rights doing sth. 有权做某事society n. 协会，社团academic ~ 学术社团specific society 具体的、特定的社团community n. …界, 团体；社会，社区legal community 法律界scientific community 科学界religious community 宗教团体health research community 医疗研究团体via prep. 经由，通过post v. 张贴，发布；（在网上）发帖bulletin n. 公告，报告import n. 重要性，重要意义；进口implications n. 含义，意义；暗示，启示imply v. 暗示，推论出；蕴含着…implicit a. 不言明(含蓄)的explicit a. 表达明确地，明白的sink in 被了解alike adj. 类似的，同类的deal with 安排，处理，思考breathe sighs of relief 轻松地出了一口气association n. 协会associate…with…把…和…联系起来bitterly adv. 尖酸刻薄地，厉害地bill n. 法案，法律；账单passage n. 通过；经过；道路，通道tide n. 潮流，趋势likely adj/adv. 很有可能，可能的= possiblebe likely to 常常，很有可能unlikely adj. 不可能= impossibleaging population 老龄化的人口extend v. 延长，延伸，推广life-extending technology 延长寿命的技术extended family 三代以上同堂的家庭模式be extended indefinitely 无限期延长get on with 继续做have something to do with…与…有关have much to do with 与…很有关系observer n. 观察者，旁观者observe v. 观察，注意；评论observation观察（报告）,观察（结论）;评论make observations 做评论domino（es）多米诺效应（~ effect）request v. 请求，要求deadly adj. 致命的dreadful adj. 可怕的；极大的inject v. 注射，注入pill n. 药丸suffering n. 痛苦，受罪suffer v. 遭受diagnose v. 诊断cool off 平静下来，变凉certificate n. 证明（书、证等）haunting a.常浮现于脑海中的，不易忘怀的terrifying a. 可怕的，令人害怕的spiritual a. 精神上的fight for 努力…，为…而努力claw v. 抓（scratch）mask n. 面具object to 反对objection toobjectionable 引起反对的，讨厌的objective adj. 客观的objectivity n. 客观性impartial adj. 公正，客观share the same view on 对…持相同观点be responsible for 对…负责（表示原因）significance n. 重要性，意义calm a . 平静的，镇静的intense a.强烈的，剧烈的（~ fear 非常担心）characteristic n.（~s）特点，特色a. 特有的be characteristic of 特点是= be typical ofbe characterized by 特点是，以…为特点experience v./n.经历（= undergo=go through）shared experience 共同的经历、经验perish v. 死亡，变腐败in peril 处在危险中approve v. 赞同（approval）disapproval n.反对indifferent a.漠不关心的,冷漠的（indifference）carefree adj. 不关心的，冷漠的suspect v. 怀疑，不信suspicion n. 怀疑，猜疑，不信be suspicious of 表示怀疑subjective adj. 主观的biased adj. 有偏见的（= prejudiced）prejudice n./v. （持有）偏见= biaspuzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzle v. 困惑word ~ 填字游戏puzzlement n.困惑,不明白的地方=confusion confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人不解的confuse v. 茫然，困惑；混淆confusion n. 困惑，混淆optimistic adj. 乐观的optimism n. 乐观（精神）pessimistic adj. 悲观的pessimism n. 悲观（精神）reserve v. 预留，保留；储备（金）reserved adj. 有保留的reserve space 保留位置，空间consent v. 同意slight adj. 轻微的enthusiastic adj.热情的enthusiast n. 热衷者，狂热分子gloomy adj. 前途暗淡的gloom n. 昏暗；暗淡doom n. 末日，宿命gloom and ~ 悲伤沮丧scary adj.令人害怕的,可怕的scar n. 伤疤scared adj. 感到害怕的Unit Twoconsistent a. 一直的，一贯的，始终如一的courteous a. 谦恭有礼的court n. 法庭，法院，足球场frequently adv. 经常，频繁地（反义词rarely）small-minded a. 小心眼儿的ill-mannered a. 态度恶劣的，粗鲁的deserve v. 应该有，应该受到；值得comment on （做）评论otherwise adv./adj. 原本，本来dull a. 无趣的，无聊的（dullness）existence n. 存在；生存状态, 生活（life）typically ad. 通常，一般地（= generally）distant a. 远的，距离远的source n. 来源，本源；根源，原因=origin diversion n. 娱乐；转移diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的diversity n. 多样化program n. 项目；程序= projectharsh a. 残酷的；严厉、苛刻的（harshness）harsh realities残酷现实frontier n. 边境，前方shape v. 塑造，形成；外形，体形reshape v. 重塑hospitality n. 友好，好客（~ to sb.）injure v. 伤害（injury）turn to 诉诸，求助于，寻求…的帮助= resort to lodge n. 乡间小屋，旅社v. 借宿，临时住cabin n. 小屋settlement n. 住所shelter n. 藏身处，避难处v. 保护，庇护residence n. 住处，住宅；居住dwelling n. 住所，处所dwell v. 住，居住mere（ly）adj./adv. 仅仅，不过，只（= only）charitable a. 仁慈的，慈善的impulse n. 冲动；推动，动力on the part of…从…的角度（on my part在我看来）reflect v. 反映，表现（= mirror）；反省，反思（~ on）reflection n.weary a.疲倦的，筋疲力尽的（=exhausted）tourist trails 旅游线路pretty ad.相当地（~ soon非常一小会儿）pretty = fairly = ratherproper a.适当正确的，完全彻底的（properly）casual a. 不经意的，偶然的，临时的casualness n. 随便，随意，非正式interpret v. 阐释，说明interpret as 理解为，解释为artificial a. 假的，人造的；矫揉造作的historically developed历史形成(发展而来)的developed society 发达国家emerging countries 新兴国家As is true of…正如…一样complex a.复杂的,综合的n. 大型建筑（群）complicated a. 结构复杂的a set of 一整套的signal n. 信号sign n. 迹象，征兆；符号assume v.（没有根据地）认为，假定；承担assumption n. 假设，假定，设想，认为not necessarily 未必underlie v.形成了，构成了(…的基础)；强调fail v. 失败fail to 不能，未能translate v. 转化；理解more than 不仅仅是，远远胜过brief a.短暂的，简短的in brief 简而言之brief n. 概要，简短情况介绍encounter v./n. 相遇，遇到distinguish between 区分，区别value…highly 非常珍视be interralated 相互联系exercise v.行使,使产生~ an influence over…manifest v. 体现，显现（~ oneself）~ation manifesto n. 宣言，声明exclusive adj.独一的（exclusive use单独使用）equal v. 等于，相当于entertain v. 招待，款待(=treat)；使娱乐out of 出于…out of charitable impulse出于慈善的冲动flavor n. 风味keep up 维持，持续（传统，习惯等）keep up with 跟上，追上keep doing 一直，持续做某事Unit Threesubstance n. 物质other than 除了（…之外）rather than 而不是technically a. 技术上，学术上technical progress 技术进步professional progress 职业发展alter v. 改变mental a. 精神的drug n. 药品term n. 术语，专用名词v. 把…叫做/称为human term 普通人可以理解的说法refer to 指…，指的是；谈到，提及chemical n. 化学药品，化学制品addict n. 沉迷…的人v.（~ to）沉迷于addiction n. （to）上瘾，沉迷familiar a . 熟悉的alcohol 白酒，酒精tobacco n. 烟草neutral a. 中性的psychologist n. 心理医生，心理学家psychoactive作用于精神的,影响(改变)心理状态的abuse v./n 滥用;虐待patient abuse虐待病人make clear 解释，说明misuse v. 误用，用错；使用…不当heroin n. 海洛因cocaine n. 可卡因pervasive a. 广泛的（= widespread）aspirin n. 阿司匹林quiet v. 使安静；平息下来sociable a. 社交的，增进友谊的nerve n. 神经；勇气，胆量apparent a. 显然的，明显的= obvious apparently adv. 显然，明显地constructive a. 建设性的negative effects a. 副作用，消极作用impact n.深刻影响,冲击have significant ~ on poison v 中毒，投毒(~ous 有毒的) perceptual v. 知觉的，感觉的perception n. 知觉，感觉perceive v. 观察，感知distort v. 扭曲，歪曲（~ion）repeated use 反复使用，再三使用repeated adj. 再三的，反复的，重复性的lead to 导致，造成（= result in =cause）substance dependence 物质（药物）依赖be dependent on /upon 依赖于independent a. 独立的be ~ of不受…的限制independence n. 独立be marked by 以…为明显特征tolerance n. 容忍，承受（tolerate v. ）be tolerant of 容忍tolerate v. 忍受，容忍desire n./v.期望,希望~ed effect预期的效果appearance n. 表现；外表unpleasant n.令人不愉快的pleasure n.快乐withdraw v.撤销，撤退，收回（withdrawal n.）symptom n. 症状discontinue v. 停止，废止，放弃affect v. 影响effect n. 影响；效果mood n. 情绪，心情group v. 归类，分类= classifystimulate v.刺激(stimulant n.使人兴奋的物质) depress v. 使压抑，使消沉，使沮丧depressant n. 使人镇静、情绪压抑的物质illusion v.错觉（hallucination n.幻觉，幻想）hallucinogens n. 迷幻剂initially adv. 最初，起初（=originally）；第一，首先（= primarily）speed up 加速（slow down 减速，放缓）activate v. 刺激，使活跃起来primary a.初步的，首要的;主要的，重要的primarily adv. 主要的（=predominantly）首先，第一（=firstly=initially）primacy n. 首要地位，优势= predominance variety n.多样性,各种各样a ~ of各种各样的radical a. 根本的，彻底的，激进的radical change/reform 彻底的改革/变革state of consciousness 意识状态conscious a. 有意识的，有知觉的be preferable to比…更让人喜爱，更可取,更好preference n. 优先权，优惠preferential adj. 优惠的,优先的~ policiesin that 之所以这样是因为（解释原因）fatal a. 致命的，毁灭性的overwhelming a. 压倒性的，无法抵抗的piercing a. 刺穿的，深刻的，感人的pierce v. 刺穿，刺透，刺fierce 激烈的result from 由…而产生，来源于；原因是…= arise from = stem from…be attributed to 归因于，归功于attribute…to…把…的原因归为blame 归咎于, 责备owe…to …原因在于，原因是= due to consumption n. 消费,消费量(consume v.) production and consumption 生产与消费pattern n.模式,形式,方式standard ~ 标准模式purpose n.目的（= intention）quantitative a. 定量的，按一定数量的application （to）n. 应用，使用technological application 科学技术的运用apply v. （to）应用，适用于employ v. 使用；雇佣employer n. 用人单位；老板employment n. 使用；职位part time employment 兼职工作full time employment 全职工作disease n. 疾病positive a. 积极的（nagative a. 消极的）positive forces积极力量=driving forces推动力Unit Fourcontribute to 导致，促成；为…做了贡献contribution n.促成因素(=contributing factors) decline n./v. 衰退，下跌economic/ moral decline 经济/ 道德衰退declining adj. 处于衰退的a ~ industryfade v. 渐渐消失，衰弱，减弱fading adj. 处于衰退的，日渐消失的falling adj. 日渐降低的，日益衰退的rising adj. 越来越多(大)的=growing, soaring, increasingfall v./n. 下跌，降低（fell，fallen）= droprise v./n. 上升，增加（rose ，risen）on the rise/ decline 处于上升/ 下跌、衰退accomplish v. 实现，完成，达到complete v. 完成，使完善adj.完整的,完全incomplete不完全的career n. 职业生涯corrupt v. 腐蚀，使恶化 a. 腐败的various a 各种各样的，各不相同的times n. 时代creative freedom 创作自由bottom line 底线core n./a. 核心（的），中心take over 接管，接班，接任late a. 已逝的,已故的alive adj. 活着的raise stock price 提高股票价格debt n. 债务deal n. 交易dealership n. 经销商property n.财产intellectual property知识产权restructure v.结构重组,调整结构,体制改革reengineer v. 再设计，重新建造，结构重组flap n./v. 辩论，辩护debate n. 争论,辩论hip-hop 街舞expression n. 表达~ freedom 表达自由defend v. 保卫，辩护defender n. 支持者，辩护人=supporter defendant n. 被告justify v. 证明…合理，为…而辩护be justified 有道理scientifically justified 科学上合理的justifiable adj. 合理的defend/justify…on the grounds that/of 为…而辩护，理由是…release v. 发表，发行issue v.under fire 受攻击violent a. 暴力的，猛烈的violence n. 暴力school violence 校园暴力violate v. 违反，违背（规章等）= infringe violate the rules and regulationstest n./v. 测试，检验；试验democratic a. 民主的，大众化的column n. 专栏lie in 在于the widest possible latitude 最大的幅度dispute v./n.争执，争论beyond ~ 毋庸质疑disputable a. 有争议的irritating a. 令人愤怒的，使人气愤的compromise v./n.妥协，让步（=retreat ；=back off）hard-line 强硬路线~ stand强硬立场to some extent 在某种程度上=at some level stockholder n. 股东，股票持有人cite v. 引用，引证balance n./v. 平衡announce v. 宣布= declarelaunch v. 发动，发起~ a drive to do sth.drive v. 驱动，推动driving force 推动力，驱动力be driven underground 被赶到地下，暗处develop v. 制定，培养；发展；研发develop standards 制定标准distribute v. 分发，分配；发行，销售distribution n. 发行，销售；发放，分布collection n. 收集information collection and distribution信息的收集与发布board n. 董事会；委员会boss and board 管理层= the management licencing board 执照颁发委员会be supportive of 支持oppositive adj. 相反的oppose v. 反对insider n. 业内人士，知道内情的人士people associated with…与…有关联的人senator n 参议员amendment n.（法律、合同等的）修改,修订unite v. 团结，联合为一Unit Fivemonetary a. 金融的，货币的steer v. 驾驶，驾驭land v. 着陆（take off 起飞，猛增）brake n./v. 闸；刹车precise a. 精确的far from the truth 远非事实variable a. 不确定的，易变的effect（on …）n. 影响（= influence on ）hence adv. 因此就出现了，因此就有了analogy n. 类比nanlogous adj. 相当于，类似于conduct v./n 进行…行为；行为（~ online transactions进行网上贸易）liken…to…v. 把…比作…crack v. 破裂，破碎rear v. 后部的，后面的view n. 景色，风景；观点，看法faulty a 有缺点的，不完美的banker n. 银行家boast v. 值得夸耀，引以为豪double-digit 两位数poll v. 投票选出percentage n. 百分比favorable a 有利的capacity n. 最大承受力（能力），最大承受量（容量）utilization n. 利用，使用prove v. (结果)竟然是,原来是,证明是;证明thrilling n. 令人激动的follow v. 遵循，按照…去做comparable a. 可比较的，可比作extremely a. 极端地，非常地last v. 持续（一段时间）amaze v. 令人吃惊，使吃惊amazing a.神奇的，奇异的Unit Sixit doesn’t help that 无法阻止，无法避免capture v. 吸引, 引起；俘获，夺取(~ one’s attention/ imagination)giant dam 巨大的水坝gigantic adj. 巨大的= giant=titanicat the mercy of 任凭…摆布drought n. 干旱（flood n. 洪涝）ideal n. 理想 a. 理想的give up on…as an ideal 放弃…的理想do one’s bidding 听从某人的吩咐fascinating adj.令人着迷的，迷人的fascination n.着迷,异常兴奋be fascinated（with ）对…着迷project n.(各类)建设项目;研究项目,计划threaten（to do）有…的危险，威胁（到）= risk threat n. 威胁symbol n. 象征strive to do something / for something努力奋斗assert oneself 表现自己cement v. 巩固，加强bid n. 出价，投标bid for（投标）竞争,争取得到overbidding过高出价status n. 地位；状态tend to 往往，通常会intend v. 打算，目的在于~ doing/to do sth.be intended to do目的在于tendency n. 趋势trend n. 趋势，倾向deprive somebody of something 剥夺，夺去…fertile adj. 土地肥沃的, 多产的silt n. 淤泥in return for 作为…的回报reservoir n. 水库barely adv. 几乎不= hardlygenerate electricity 发电myth n. 神秘事件，神话；荒诞的说法mythical adj. 令人神往的，想象的，虚构的persist v. 持续, 坚持persistent adj. 没完没了的civilized adj. 文明的，进步的= civil civilize v. 让…变得文明，使文明stop (short of) doing停止了做某事(差点做了…) troops n. 军队（= forces ）contention over 竞争，争夺…(contend v. ) contend v.主张；竞争,斗争（contention n. ）give the go-ahead 允许，许可wrong-headed adj. 执迷不悟的,固执错误的even though 即使= even ifalthough ( = though ) ad. 尽管，虽然destruction n. 毁灭，破坏the powerful 权贵，强势阶层the powerless 平民，群众far from 远非，根本不是，根本没有far beyond 远远超过，远非resolve v. 决心；解决（同问题、分歧连用）conflict n. 冲突，斗争，摩擦hydroelectric power 水力发电irrigation n. 灌溉monster adj. 庞大，巨大的shut one’s eyes to reality 对现实视而不见neglect v. 忽视，忽略negligence n. 忽视vital adj. 致命的，至关重要的vitality n. 生命力，活力concern v. 与…有关n. 担忧，关切concerning prep.就…而言；与…有关concerned 相关的（后置修饰词）voice one’s concern 公开声明对…表示关注mild/serious/hightened concern稍稍/严重/高度关注be concerned about/with 关心，担心，重视strengthen v. 巩固，加强weaken v. 消弱，使变弱strengths and weaknesses 长处和不足之处international ties 国际关系universal adj. 普遍的n. 普遍情况universalize v. 普及，使普遍= popularize no use crying over spilt milk 覆水难收haste n. 匆忙（贬义）= rushhasten v. 加速leap v. /n. 跳跃，跳，飞跃Unit Seventale n. 故事，童话corporation n. 大公司corporate adj. 公司的international/multinational corporation跨国公司incorporate v. 包含，加入；合并revival n. 复兴，振兴，重生establish v. 建立，确立；公认，确定established adj. 确定的，既定的well-established adj.得到广泛公认的~ tend productive adj. 生产力的；多产的productivity n. 生产力revolution n. 革新，变革revolutionary adj. 革命性的preside over v. 主持，负责president n.总统,总裁,大学校长vice ~ 副的official adj.正式的，官方的~ status官方地位statistics n. 统计数字，统计学mildly adv. （mild adj. ）轻微的，适度的lump…together v. 合起来manufacturing n. 制造~ industry 制造业manufacturer n. 制造商on average 平均（只用于数字或人的资质）previous adj. 以前的，过去的acceleration n. 加速，加速度due to 因为rebound n. 反弹cycle n. 循环，周期business ~ 商业周期recycle v. 再利用，循环使用conclusive adj. 结论性的，充分的~ evidence inconclusive adj. 不充分的,不足以下结论的evidence n. 证据（不可数名词）treasury secretary n. 财政大臣，财政部长disjunction n. 分离，不吻合，出入anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事downsize v. 裁减，精简overall adj. 整体，全部的，总的factor n. 因素，要素joint adj. 共同的，联合的join v. 连接，结合equipment n. 装备，设备，装置machinery n. （总称）机器，机械profitable adj. 赢利的profit n. 利润switch (to) 转向matter much 关系很大，很有关系speculate (on) v. （对…进行）预测，推测speculative adj. 预测的，猜测的ineptly adv. 不适当地，不理想地spread v. 分布, 传播, 蔓延widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的be evenly spread 平均分布，均衡分布的suppose v. 假设，猜想，想象academic v. 学者，大学教师 a. 学术的former adj. 过去的n. 前者colony n. 殖民地anti-colonial反殖民主义的chain n. 连锁机构crude adj.未经加工的；粗糙的，粗放型的crude oil 原油bakery n. 面包店toast v. 举杯庆祝case n. 情况；；案例，例子；（法律）案件in many cases 在很多情况下revenue n. 年收入，财政收入colleague n. 同事，伙伴= company mechanistic adj.机械的mechanism n.机制mechanical a.机械的，机械似的mechanical learning 机械的学习in a…fashion以…方式，方法(= in a…manner) version 版本；说法chop out 削减give thought to (n) 考虑sufficient adj.足够的,大量的sufficiency n. long-term adj. 长期的~ prospect 远景in a short term 短期内blunt adj. 直率，直言不讳的dismiss…as…认为…不过是…consultant n. 顾问( = advisor ) consultancy n. 咨询ambulance n. 救护车turning point 转折点recovery n. 复苏；复原，恢复exclude v. 排除，除去…之外include v. 包含，包括fall short of 落后于，达不到（目标），不如anticipation n.预测anticipate v. 预测，预计the true state of 真实情况pose a question / challenge提出问题/ 挑战raise a question 提出问题question v. 怀疑，质疑= suspect questionnaire n. 问卷reply n. 答复,回答put forward提出(观点) (= pose v.提出，造成) unquestioned claim 毋庸质疑的论点reform n. 改革(liberal reform 自由改革) essential（for/to）adj.关键,至关重要的,核心的a bunch of 一帮，一捆，一串good-for-nothing n.无价值的,无用的人;废物Unit Eightuneasy adj.不自在、不稳定的;困难、艰难的aspect n. （问题等的）方面rebel v.反叛,叛逆rebelling beliefs 叛逆的信念、信仰trial n. 审判；试验Catholic Church 天主教remark n./v. 话，言语harsh remarksmake a passing remark 短暂发言，说话worldview n. 世界观schism n. 裂隙，分裂deepen v. 加深，深化humanities n.人文学科humanity n.人文主义精神if anything 如果有的话afford to do 有条件、有资格做某事critic n. 批评者，评论家criticize v. 批评critical(ly) adj. 缜密严谨的；批评的；至关重要的think critically 批判地思维/思想think independently 独立地思考ignore v. 忽视be completely ~ed 完全遭到忽视fund n.资金v. 出资,拨款,资助funding n.资助over-funding 拨款过度under-funding 拨款不足anti-science n. 反科学notably adv. 引人注目地，显著地assemble v. 集合；组装find fault with 批评，挑…的毛病social status 社会地位sociology n. 社会学sociologist n. 社会学家philosopher n. 哲学家，思想家philosophy n. 哲学，人生准则，生活方式create v. 创造（creation n. 创造，创造物）creativity n. 创造力creature n. 生物creationism n. 上帝造人说evolution n. 进化；物种进化论phenomenon n. 现象（phenomena 复数）contradict v. 与…矛盾contradiction n.矛盾contradictory adj. 相矛盾的self-contradictory adj. 自相矛盾的on the contrary 相反contrast n. 对照，对比（不同点）survey n./v. 调查；纵览，通盘考虑reveal v. 显示，显示出；揭示，揭露；泄露tag n. 标签v. 贴标签（= label ）label v./n. （贴）标签，标示epithet n.称号attach…to…将…联系在一起attach importance to…强调，重视…advocate v. 提倡，倡导n. 倡导者eliminate v.消除,淘汰,剔除(elimination n.) smallpox n. 天花virus n. 病毒virtue n. 美德scorn v. 蔑视long for 渴望，盼望utopia n. 乌托邦,理想完美境界,理想状态biological utopia 生物学上的理想状态environmentalist n.环保主义者,环境保护论者essay n. 文章，散文article n. 文章inevitable adj. 不可避免的，必不可少的respond forcefully/strongly to 对…做出强有力的反应respond to对…做出反应correspond to…v. 与…有关，相一致corresponding adj. 相应的pioneer n. 先驱，先锋global warming 全球气候变暖depletion n. 损耗，枯竭ozone layer 臭氧层consequence n. 后果logical consequence 合理结果，逻辑结论consequent adj. 随之而来的，作为结果的consequently adv. 因此= thus = thereforenote v. 注意到；写道n. 注释explanatory note 注释heavy note 很浓的意味，明显特征denote v. 指示，表示的是have…in common 共同点是common adj. 共有的，共同的annoy v. 惹恼，激怒，令…不快annoying employees 惹人生气的雇员confront v. 面对，挑战confrontation n. 对抗，冲突，不和separation n. 分裂，分离separate adj. 独立的，各自的，分离的earn one’s keep 挣钱吃饭earn v. 挣钱，赚得；博得，得到contempt n.鄙视,蔑视,看不起earn the contempt of sb. 受到鄙视contemptible adj. 让人鄙视的，可鄙的greedy adj. 贪婪的show sympathy with/for 表示同情、同感in sympathy with 同情sympathetic adj.表示同情的；赞同、支持的compassionate adj.表示同情的，有同情心的exemplify v. 举例说明，例证context n. 上下文，语境Unit Nineemerge v. 出现= appearemergence n. 出现emerge as v. 以…面貌出现emerging countries 新兴国家emerging economies 新兴国家的经济census n.人口普查head-counting n.数人数，人口普查regional adj. 地区性的national a. 全国性的worldwide a.世界范围的compete with 与…竞争competitor n. 竞争者fierce/ intense competition激烈竞争competitive adj.竞争的anti-competitive force 反竞争的力量competitiveness竞争性，竞争力fading/growing competitiveness 越来越强/弱的竞争力competently adv. 合格,有效地incompetently adv. 不合格,不称职地standstill n. 停滞不前enthrone v. 使成为首位，是名列…之首densely/thinly populated人口稠密(稀少)的be populated with/by 充满了，充斥着numerically adv.从数字上显示,从数字方面ever recorded/witnessed 有历史(记载)以来decade n. 十年gain n. 上升，增长（= rise）add up to 总数为annual adj. 每年的，每年一度的the Depression years 经济大萧条的年代migrate v. 迁徙immigrant n. 进入另一国的移民移民immigration n.迁移,移民(进入一地区或国家) prevail v. 普遍,,盛行prevalent adj. 流行的,主导的drop out of 离开，掉出，退出shift v. /n. 转换，变化，转移，转嫁shift (from…) to…转向major shift主要变化，重要变化wave n. 浪潮，潮流（= trend ）one wave after another 一波接一波的the snow-belt 冰雪地带the sun-belt 阳光地带role n. 角色，作用play a role 起作用play a key role 起到关键作用baby boom生育高峰期,婴儿潮child-bearing adj.育龄的,怀孕的crop n. 收获，收割generation n. 一代（人）two-generation household 由两代人组成的家庭demography n. 人口统计学related adj. 有关，相关的closely related to career-related adj. 与工作有关的instance n. 例子，实例rapid adj. 迅速的，飞快的rap n. 说唱vast adj. 广大的，巨大的vastly = greatly = broadlydevastate v. 毁坏，破坏be composed of 由…组成的square n./a. 平方（的）~ meters 平方米flight n. 逃跑；远离bearable adj. 可以忍受的dramatize v. 明显体现出drama n. 戏剧dramatic adj. 剧烈的;巨大的~ changes 巨变dramatic declaration 引起轰动的消息dramatically adv. 大幅度地spacious adj. 宽敞的space n. 空间smog n. 烟雾crime n. 刑事犯罪criminal a. 有罪的n. 罪犯plague n. 瘟疫，通病urbanization n. 都市化urban a. 城市的suburban adj. 近郊的，城市边缘的rural a. 农村的rate n. 比率；费率interest rates 利率divorce rate离婚率crime rate犯罪率birth rate出生率inflation rates通货膨胀率ratio n. 比例sex ratio 男女性别比例reason n. 理性；原因v. 推理reasonable a.合理的considerably adv. 相当大的，非常（= vastly）perplex v. 困扰，迷惑perplexing adj. 令人困惑的witness v. 见证，目击n. 目击者，证人undergo v. 经历了= experience distinguish oneself from others使自身与众不同stress n. 压力v. 强调stress…over…v. 强调…比…更重要climatic influence 气候影响climate n. 气候highlight v. 强调（= stress ）continuous adj. 连续不断的continual adj. 频繁的，不断的elaborate v. 详细阐述，精心制作delayed adj. 迟到的delay v. 延迟,耽误unanimously adv. 一致地democracy n. 民主be engaged in 从事，忙于conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人cling to something 坚持= stick toUnit 10scatter v. 遍布，散乱分布the globe n. 地球isolate v. 分离，隔绝isolated adj. 分离的，隔绝的region n. 地区volcano n. 火山volcanic activity 火山活动geology n. 地质学geologist n. 地质学家geological feature 地质特点geological publication n. 地质学出版物hot spot 热点boundary n. 界限drifting plate 漂移的板块drift away 漂走make up 占…（比例）（= account for）组成（be made up of…由…构成）弥补，化妆surface n. 表面interior n. 内部 a. 内部的trail n. 踪迹,痕迹,路线tourist ~s；volcanic ~s milestone n. 里程碑mark v. 标志着markedly adv. 显著地complementary adj. 互补的coastline n. 海岸线span v. 横跨，横越n. 跨距，跨度attention span 注意力集中时间段life span寿命ocean n. 海洋oceanic adj. 海洋的reminder n. 提示，提醒的人或物remind v. 提醒，使想起continent n. 大陆continental plate 大陆板块relative adj. 相对的motion n. 动作，移动（= mobility ）mobile adj.（可）移动的，流动的mobility n. orbital motion 有轨道的运动construct v. 建造，构造；构思，构想，想象in detail adv. 细节的，详细的detail n. 细节with respect to关于…，在…方面，与…有关= in terms of = regardingreadily adv. 轻易地，容易地translate…into…将…解释为determine v. 确定，决定in opposite directions 向不同方向stationary adj. 固定的，静止不动的respectively adv. 各自地，分别地anchor v. 固定在，停留n 节目主持人layer n. 层，层次measuring instrument 测量工具，测量仪器measure n. 措施；衡量指标，测量方法conventional measures 常规的指标measurable adj. 可以衡量的analysis n. 分析self-analysis n. 自我分析senior analyst 高级分析师be confined to something 被限制于，局限于frame n. 框架，范围reference n. 参考geophysical adj. 地球物理学的propel v. 推动，推进，加速broad adj. 宽阔的，巨大的，广泛的broaden v. 拓展fissure n./ v. 缝隙，裂痕（= crack ）entire adj. 完全的，整体的entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地entirely reasonable 完全合理的entirely different story 完全不同的情况initiate v. 开始，引发take initiative 积极行动，采取主动medical initiative 医疗动机formation n. 形成mutability n. 变形；易变性consistent adj.一直的,一贯的~ly adv. 一直inconsistency n. 不一致，变化apart adv. 分开dome n. 拱型，圆屋顶be deducted from 由…推论出stable adj. 稳定stability n. 稳定Unit 11rough adj. 粗糙的，粗略的；困难，复杂roughly adv. 大约，大致（后跟数字或数目）slip v. 滑倒warning n. 警告warn of/against提醒注意…,发出关于…的警告disaster n. 灾难catastrophe n. 大灾难tragedy n. 悲剧，灾难lawsuit n. 法律诉讼sue v.起诉appeal v. (to,for)上诉，申诉compensate sb. for 赔偿，补偿compensation n. 赔偿，补偿or so 大约jury n. 陪审团hold v. 认为，主张；保持be liable for adj. 负法律责任，对…应负责任be liable to 易…的，有…可能的liability n. 义务，法律责任misfortune n. 不幸fortune n. 运气；财富；财产状况,经济状况cautious adj. 小心谨慎的caution n./v. 小心谨慎；警告precaution n. 预防，防范，警惕appropriate adj. 正确，适当的= proper inappropriate subject 不恰当的题材drug interaction 药物过敏，药物交互作用interact with 互动，相互作用interactive adj. 互动的interactivity n. 互动性federal adj. 联邦的regulation n. 管理规定，规则regulate v.规范，管理regular adj. 规则的，标准的；定期的regularity n. 规律性，规则性customer n. 顾客，消费者client n.顾客，客户potential customer 潜在顾客，可能的顾客customize n. 量身定制，定做，用户化take somebody to court 将…告上法庭turn the tide潮流倒转，逆转潮流reverse the trend 逆转这一潮流,逆转这一趋势claim n. 索赔；主张；宣称，声称unquestioned claim 毋庸置疑的言论proclaim v. 宣称（= claim）side with / back up 支持paralyze v. 麻痹，瘫痪paralysis n. 瘫痪parallel n. 类似事物或做法a.平行的unparalleled adj.无以伦比的= unmatched unsurpassed might无法超越、空前的巨大力量unprecedented a. 史无前例的，空前的precede v. 先于，在…之前（发生）proceed to 着手做，进入（下一个议程或项目）athlete n. 运动员institute n. 学院，机构judge n. 法官v. 判断judgement n.判断justice n. 司法；正义；法官recommendation n.建议；推荐recommend v. 建议；推荐counsel v. 建议carry v. 有，蕴含着，承载着carry substantial weight 很有分量substantial adj. 相当大的；相当多的= considerableweight n. 分量，重量issue v. 发布，出台n. 问题，争端，事务guideline n. 指导，方针，大纲tort law 侵权法state v. 声明，陈述，规定statement n bombard sb. with…v. 用…狂轰滥炸lengthy adj.（演说、文章等）冗长的= tedious lengthen v. 延长shorten v. 缩短get buried 被掩埋，被忽略= be buried triviality n. 琐碎的事务draft v. 起草n. 草案，草稿moderate adj. 适度，中等的have one’s way 按照…的愿望行事，顺利进行for the benefit of / in the interest of 为了…的利益find fault with 找茬，挑错promise v. 承诺n. 前途intellectual promise 读书方面的前途political promise 政治前途promising adj. 有前景的inadequacy n. 不足，不完美inadequate adj.不够充分的,不完全,不够的make the best use of 充分利用be / feel obliged to do不得不demonstrate v.说明,显示,表明= illustratediscard v. 抛弃discard…in words 口头，表面上抛弃Unit 12web business = internet commerce= online transaction 在线商务，互联网贸易anti-consumerism 反消费主义，抵制消费第一的观念consumer n. 消费者culture of consumption 消费文化medical consumer 医疗消费者fashion n. 时尚v.制定,开发,研发(=develop) attain a certain fashion 一定程度上得到流行old-fashioned a. 落伍的，过时的fashionable a. 时髦的，流行的revolve around v. 围绕…展开或进行tap v. 开发~ the market 开发市场make sense 合理，行得通；有意义nonetheless adv. 然而，但是(= nevertheless ) hesitate v. 犹豫，犹豫不决doubt v. 怀疑self-doubt n. 自我怀疑doubter n. 怀疑者dubious a. 半信半疑的reliable adj. 可靠的fairly ~ 相当可靠的reliability n. 可靠性trust v./n. 信任n. 托拉斯，大型垄断企业distrust v. 不信任mistrust v. 不信任，怀疑trustworthy adj. 可靠的pathway n. 路径path n. 路径risk v./n. 风险，冒…的风险= threatenrisk doing something 冒险做某事partner n. 伙伴give somebody access to 允许出入，允许接触access n. 接近，利用（网络）accessible adj. 可获得的，可利用的intranet n. （单位内部）局域网model n./v. 模式，方式，模仿，建模focus on 集中于；全神贯注于available adj. 可以得到的，可以用的available online 在网上可得到的site n. 位址，场所；网址=websitedirect a. 直接的，径直的indirect a. 间接的transmit v. 传播，传染transmission n. message n. 信息，消息send out messages screen savor 屏幕保护deliver v.传送，送货上门；发言，发表演说updated adj. 最新的，更新的stream n.流,河流,一连串tourist streams客流a stream of 一系列的，一连串的streams of news/information 大量的新闻、信息subscriber n. 订阅者subscribe v. （to）同意，赞同monitor n. 监视器，显示器as yet （到目前为止）尚未not…(just) yet 尚未special sales 减价销售，特价销售commercial promotion 商业促销promote v. 推动，促进；促销；提拔byproduct n. 副产品produce v. 生产出,创造出;培养出n. 产品side-effect n. 副作用offer v. 提供；出价，报价provide v. 提供= offerprovided conj. 如果（= if）think tank 智囊团notion n. 观念，概念，想法，意见connotation n. 内涵，含义，意义event n. 活动，事件，事情eventually adv. 最终，最后flow v. 流动request n. 要求once adv. 以前，曾经（= used to）；一旦，如果univited a. 不请自来的，未经请求的distinction n. 区别；显赫身份，声望distinct a. 截然不同的，明显独特的draw v. 做比较，进行区别draw distinctions/ comparisons between …and …对…进行比较,区别两者comparison n. 比较（相同点或不同点）prospect n. 前景raise the ~ 使前景变得光明job prospect 就业前景career prospect职业前景horrify v. 吓唬，恐吓，令人害怕，使害怕Net purist网络纯净主义者pure a. 纯粹的, 纯洁的resort to something 借助，采取，求助于the best resort 最好的办法，最好的手段the last resort最后的手段；终审法庭，最高法庭the right mix of …and ……和…的有机结合cost n.支出，成本；代价at all ~s 不惜一切代价地cost and benefit 利弊costly adj. 昂贵的= expensive free fall 自由落体，自由降落enterprise n. 企业silicon n. 硅，电脑业in silicon在互联网上silicon chips 硅片，芯片，集成电路板set up 设立，创立take the online plunge投身于互联网,置身于网络expand v. 扩大expansion n. 扩展fanciful adj. 新奇的in vain 徒劳，白费，没有用处boom v.繁荣，迅猛发展baby boom生育高峰enjoy the widest popularity 得到流行，受到欢迎popular adj. 受欢迎的；大众的popular culture 大众文化populist n. 大众主义者，平民主义者adj. 大众主义者的，大众的faith n. 忠诚，信任give priority to 重视，认为…优先function v.起作用,运行,行使职责n.功能，职责functional adj. 功能性的leading adj. 主要的，重要的；领先的Unit 13invisible adj. 看不见的，无形的visible adj. 看得见的border n. 边界，界限frontier n. 边境，前方divide v. 分开，划分开n. 差距，鸿沟digital divide数字化鸿沟division n. 分歧,分隔,分离argue for赞成，支持，同意= subscribe =favor argue v.坚决主张,认为=claim=hold=contend argument n. 论点，观点；论据on behalf of 代表…，为了…= on one’s behalfexplore v. 探索，探讨，探究，研究exploration n. 探究，研究subject n.题目,主题;学科adj.遭受…的,容易受到…（影响）的be subject to (n.) 受限制，属于subject matter 主题，主旨go to 是…go to the heart of 是…的核心或关键indeed adv. (加强语气)确实，事实上campaign n. 运动，活动v. 发起运动，活动aim at 目的在于= aim towardsaimlessness n. 毫无目的，毫无目标。

本文整理自2010年至2019年考研英语一和二真题中出现的所有低频率单词和短语，即只出现过一次的单词和短语。

本文附录一是2020年考研英语一真题中第一次出现（即在前10年真题里没有出现过）的单词79个，附录二是2020年考研英语二真题中第一次出现（即在前10年真题里没有出现过）的单词67个。

The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to adaptation. (2017英二T3)真题例句：The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. (2016英一T1)Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget. (2016英二S2B)From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics. (2016英二T4)aggregation(英一，1)But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value. (2018英一T3)agonize (英二，1)Perhaps this is why many worry about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. (2017英二S1)真题例句：It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. (2018英一T3)When you start a conversation from there and then move outward, you will find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier. (2018英二S2B)anthropologist(英一，1)Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. (2016英一S2B)The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty . (2016英一T1)真题例句：The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. (2016英一T2)真题例句：Isn't that awkward! (2018英二S2B)Rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends -- and their own consciences. (2019英二)aphid (英二，1)Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes. (2018英一T3)But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely. (2018英二T2)aside from(英二，1次)出现在了2019年英二选择题里且是干扰项真题例句：But that doesn’t mean crucial ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. (2019英一)真题例句：The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, poses thorny ethical questions. (2019英一)And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges. (2019英一)Write an email to all international experts on campus inviting them to attend the graduation ceremony. (2018英一S3)This argument has attracted a lot of attention, via the success of the book Race Against the Machine, by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, who both hail from MITs Center for Digital Business. (2014英二T3)真题例句：“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore,”——Gates say. (2018英二S3)This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives- and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. (2019英一)真题例句：The problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. (2016英二S2B)Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas. (2018英一S2B)beef up(英一，1次)Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. (2018英一T2)真题例句：The findings do not simply explain people's tendency to befriend those of similar ethnic backgrounds, say the researchers. (2015英一S1)真题例句：Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you avoid getting sick this winter. (2017英一S1)blaze(英一，1)Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can lead you to civilization. (2019英一)The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. (2018英一S2C)Some experts attribute the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" because it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. (2017英一S1)bamboozle(英二，1)When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain? (2018英二T1)真题例句：Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butte r product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality. (2018英一T4)Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists ,and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union . (2016英一S1)bridge(英一，1)For example, even in dense forest, you should be able to bridge gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve through the woods. (2019英一)Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away. (2016英二T1)Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas. (2018英一S2B)真题例句：I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anemia. (2019英一)Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. (2016英一S2B)budding(英一，1)真题例句：Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . (2017英一T3)Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and recite prayers of blessing. (2016英一S1)It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. (2016英二S2B)bulb (英一，1)真题例句：Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come. (2019英一)真题例句：Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity. (2017英一T2)You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. (2018英二S2B)真题例句：Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would a doctor's appointment or important meeting, he writes. (2018英二T4)真题例句：Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists ,and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union . (2016英一S1)Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we arethreatening their ability to do so. (2019英二)真题例句：After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying. (2016英二S3)真题例句：If you see a conversation as a fight or competition, you can win by cheating as long as you don’t get caught. You will be happy to convince people with bad arguments. (2019英一)Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court. (2018英一S2C)chapel(英一，1)真题例句：Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court. (2018英一S2C)真题例句：There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. (2017英二T1)真题例句：That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. (2016英二T3)Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy.(2018英二T3)The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better. (2016英二T1)The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to persuade. (2016英二T1)真题例句：If you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you literally can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate back to civilization, one of which is to follow the land... (2019英一)And the shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids, which remove some workers and drive others underground. (2019英二)cosmos(英一，1)Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos. (2017英一T2)" The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns." (2017英一T4)真题例句：But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. (2017英二T3)But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. (2016英一T3)真题例句：Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but with little social status. (2017英一S2B)And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. (2016英一T3)And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. (2016英一T3)But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. (2016英二S2B)Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. (2016英一T4)At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. (2017英一T2)The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers. (2017英二T1)真题例句：And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining. (2016英一T4)真题例句：The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers. (2017英二T1)真题例句：Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots” concept as community sports associations. (2017英二T1)Perhaps this is why many worry about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. (2017英二S1)endorse(英一，1)真题例句：At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. (2016英一T2)Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. (2017英二T1)There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. (2017英二T1)piko(英一，1)At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. (2017英一T2)This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch. (2019英二)The process is cumbersome, expensive and unreliable. (2019英二)cutlery (英二，1次)They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day — encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use plastic staples like straws and cutlery to combat the plastics crisis. (2019英二)真题例句：The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. (2019英一)真题例句：The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. (2018英一T4)It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy. (2018英一T3)dean(英二，1)Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science. (2016英二T1)Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, _owing to_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. (2018英二S1)Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions-like, say, tennis games. (2019英一)真题例句：The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. (2017英一T1)真题例句：Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas. (2018英一S2B)真题例句：In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building. (2018英一S2B)Sriri Pillay an assistant of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counter - intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. (2018英二T4)drought(英二，1次)That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought. (2019英二)真题例句：This has been dubbed“quarterly capitalism”. (2019英一)Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. (2018英一S2B)And so he reads——everything from encyclopaedias to science fiction novels. (2018英二S3)Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. (2016英一S2B)The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. (2018英二T1)To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871. (2018英一S2B)真题例句：It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. (2018英一T4)exclaim(英一，1)The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” (2018英一)真题例句：“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says. (2017英二T4)真题例句：“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky. (2017英二T2)Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. (2016英二S2B)Whom do we lock up, kick out, fence off? (2013英二)Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. (2019英二)He reads so fervently that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table. (2018英二S3)真题例句：A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. (2018英一T3)Alongside that, many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. (2017英一S2C)It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. (2016英一S2C)fuss(英一，1)真题例句：The point of a style upgrade isn't to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. (2016英一S2B)真题例句：Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. (2016英一S2B)The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. (2016英二T1)We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. (2018英一T3)真题例句：Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. (2016英二S2B)真题例句：Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists ,and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union . (2016英一S1)hazard (英二，1)“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?” (2017英二T4)When people place their trust in an individual or an institution，their brains releases oxytocin, a hormone that produces pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instinct that prompts humans to connect with one another. (2018英一)When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. (2016英二T1)Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. (2018英二T3)horror(英一，1)To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871. (2018英一S2B)真题例句：Hartford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to- do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results. (2018英二T4)They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. (2016英一T1)But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. (2018英二T1)intake(英二，1次)真题例句：If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly hungry and dropping weight, this is a sign that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. (2019英二)interim(英二，1)The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years . (2016英二T2)真题例句：What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives. (2018英二T3)intrigue(英一，1)真题例句：A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. (2019英一)The drive to _ discover _ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives for _ food _ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. (2018英二S1)Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating. (2017英一T1)graffiti (英二，1)真题例句：Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. (2018英二T1)Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. (2017英二S2B)“Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best - and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.” (2019英二)hasten(英二，1次)The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb. (2019英二)James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it,“having a go at the writing game”. (2019英二)Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed. (2019英二)inhale(英一，1)In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their counterparts who inhaled something else. (2018英一)Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. (2018英一S2B)Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. (2019英二)Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. (2018英一T4)livelihood(英一，1)But the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood. (2018英一S2C)真题例句：The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union. (2018英一T4)真题例句：More education is the new mantra. (2018英二T1)The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary. (2018英一S2B)In order to make the most of our focus and energy, we also need to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “be lazy.” (2018英二T4)“Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is indispensable to brain as Vitamin D is to the body…[ idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done, ”he argues. (2018英二T4)The idea that "housing crisis" equals "concreted meadows" is pure lobby talk. (2016英一T2)These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. (2018英一S2C)milestone(英二，1)Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. (2016英二T4)“Thinking about long-term _ strategies __ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. (2018英二S1)真题例句：Only then will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster. (2019英一)David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. (2017英一S2C)multilingual(英一，1)真题例句：David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. (2017英一S2C)fingernail(英二，1)Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, _owing to_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. (2018英二S1)netball(英二，1)If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. (2017英二T1)真题例句：Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. (2016英一T4)真题例句：Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. (2017英二T1)The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union. (2018英一T4)one-size-fits-all(英二，1)真题例句：When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts. (2018英二T1)overblown(英二，1)Today, the virtue of work may be a bit overblown. (2017英二S1)The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. (2019英一)真题例句：The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. (2010英一)orderly(英二，1次)出现在了2019年英二选择题里且是干扰项Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. (2019英二)A moralist, satirist, and social reformer, Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society. (2017英一S2B)真题例句：His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. (2017英一S2B)真题例句：His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. (2017英一S2B)真题例句：If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. (2018英一T3)Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you。

考研英语常考词汇(完整版)本文档旨在提供考研英语常考词汇的完整列表，以帮助考生更有效地准备考试。

名词- abundance: 充足- benefit: 好处- challenge: 挑战- diversity: 多样性- effect: 影响- factor: 因素- goal: 目标- hypothesis: 假设- innovation: 创新- justice: 正义- knowledge: 知识- limitation: 限制- mode: 模式- nature: 自然- opportunity: 机会- phenomenon: 现象- quality: 质量- reason: 原因- strategy: 策略- trend: 趋势动词- acquire: 获得- demonstrate: 示范- enhance: 增强- implement: 实施- maintain: 维持- promote: 促进- realize: 实现- solve: 解决- transform: 转变- undermine: 破坏- validate: 证实- weaken: 削弱- yield: 产生形容词- abundant: 丰富的- beneficial: 有益的- diverse: 多样的- effective: 有效的- influential: 有影响力的- logical: 合乎逻辑的- potential: 潜在的- significant: 重要的- relevant: 相关的- sustainable: 可持续的- valuable: 有价值的- rational: 合理的副词- accurately: 准确地- effectively: 有效地- frequently: 频繁地- ideally: 理想地- logically: 逻辑上地- repeatedly: 重复地---以上为考研英语常考词汇的完整版列表，希望对考生有所帮助。

【导语】单词是考研英语复习的基础也是关键，考研⼤纲明确的5500个词汇需要考⽣们记忆，今天⽆忧考为⼤家汇总了近三年历年真题中的重要词汇，希望对考⽣们的复习有帮助。

第⼀部分 1).authority n.*，官⽅机构 2).recommend v.推荐 3).security lines 安全警戒线 4).undercover a.秘密的，秘密从事的 5).investigator n.研究者，调查者 6).sneak v.偷偷地拿 7).crash n.坠机，撞毁 8).undermine v.逐渐削弱，动摇 9).drag n.拖累，阻碍 10).infuriating a.激怒⼈的 11).anticipate v.预期，期望 12).dispute v.反对，辩驳 13).enroll v.登记，注册 14).be eligible to 有资格的，符合条件的 15).fatal a.致命的，重⼤的 16).divert v.转移 第⼆部分 1).astronomer n.天⽂学家 2).reigning adj.在位的 3).monarch n.君主 4).esteemed adj.受⼈尊敬的 5).protest n.* 6).observatory n.天⽂台 7).cosmos n.宇宙 8).dormant adj.休眠的 9).unsurpassed adj.⽆可⽐拟的 10).clarity n.清楚，清晰 11).sacred adj.神圣的 12).sovereign adj.有主权的 13).eagerness n.渴望，渴求 14).ecosystem n.⽣态系统 15).inhabitant n.居民，居住者 16).relic n.遗物，遗迹 17).renaissance n.复兴 18).civilization n.⽂明 19).disassemble v.拆开，拆卸 20).compromisen.妥协 21).visibility n.能见度 22).archaeological adj.考古学的 23).embrace v.拥抱，信奉 24).heritage n.遗产，传统 第三部分 preliminary 初步的，预备的 ultra-极，超过某限度 runway(延伸观众席的)延伸台道，T 型台 incite 煽动，⿎动 excessive 过多的，极度的 uplifting(在道德、⽂化等⽅⾯) 进⾏提升的 impinge 侵犯，侵害 signal 信号，暗号 worth 价值 enforce 执⾏，实施 arbiter 仲裁者，裁决⼈ hint 暗⽰，⽰意 intangible ⽆形的 quality 素质，品德，品性 character 个性，性格 intellect 智⼒，才智 physique 体格，体型 severe 严厉的，重的 punishment 惩罚，处罚 index 指数 mass 质量 fine 罚⾦，罚款 inherent 固有的，内在的 adornment 装饰 idealize 将…视为理想，将…理想化 enforcement 执⾏，实施 sanction 制裁，处罚 characteristic 特征，特性 ethical 道德的，伦理的 charter 宪章 compliance 服从，遵从，顺从 persuasion 说服 address 对付，处理，设法了解并解决 misuse 误⽤ elevate 提升 第四部分 poll 民意调查 alongside(与…)相⽐ launch 发起 specifically 特意，专门地 dweller 居民 refreshing 清爽的，清新的 pressure 催促，迫使，呼吁 concrete 混凝⼟ consume 消耗 guardianship 监护，保护 endorse 赞同，⽀持 sentiment 观点，看法 explicitly 明确地 priority 优先权 conservation 保护 authorize 批准，授权 profitable 有利可图的 likewise 同样地 discontinue 中⽌，停⽌ council(英国地⽅政府的)政务委员会，地⽅议会 plead 请求 considered 经过深思熟虑的 sensible 明智的，合理的 infrastructure 基础设施 identify(经考虑)确定 intrusion 侵犯 meadow 草地 lobby 游说团体 new-build 正在建造(刚刚建成) 的房⼦ renovation 翻新 renewal 复兴 out-of-town 城外的，城郊的 biased 有偏见的，偏袒⼀⽅的 retain 保持 enviable 令⼈羡慕的 coherence ⼀致，协调 alternative 供替代的选择，选择的余地 corrupt engage in 参与、从事 accept 承认，同意 premise 前提 clear-cut ⼀分为⼆的、界限分明的 monetary 货币的、⾦融的 prosecute 起诉、告发 corruption(尤指有权势者的)贪污、腐败、受贿的 take sth as sth 将…看作是 donate 捐赠、捐献 good causes 慈善事业 diffuse 发散的、分散的 halo effect 光环效应 whereby 凭借，通过 consideration 体谅、考虑 previous 以前的、早先的 have trouble doing sth 做某事有困难的 differentiate 辨别、区别 bribery(指⾏为)贿赂、⾏贿、受贿 comprehensive 全⾯的 lenient 宽⼤的、仁慈的 penalty 处罚、惩罚 fine 罚款 whereas(正是⽤法)尽管 eliminate 排除、消除 substantial 重⼤的、可观的 bank on 指望、依靠 demonstrate 表明，证明 get into trouble with the law 陷⼊法律纠纷 cease 中⽌、停⽌(做某事) newsprint(⽤来印刷报纸的)新闻纸 nostalgia 怀旧之情 aside(仅⽤于名词后)且不谈、且不管 incentive 激励、刺激 ditch 丢弃 infrastructure 基础设施、基础结构 physical 物质的、有形的 press 印刷机 excessive 过多的，过度的 constraint 限制、束缚 migrate 迁移 dwarf(因⾃⾝巨⼤⽽)使…显得矮⼩，使相形见绌 counterpart 对应的⼈或物 revenue(公司、组织或政府的) 收⼊ overhead 企业惯常⽀出、管理费⽤(租⾦、保险费、电费等) circulation(报纸或杂志的)发⾏量、销售量 eliminate 清除、消除 accelerate 使…加快 transition 转变;变⾰，变迁 discontinue 停⽌，使终⽌ loyal 忠诚的 upset 使失望、使不⾼兴 blunder 愚蠢(或粗⼼)的错误 foresighted 有远见的，有先见之明的 pick 挑选 legacy 遗赠、遗产 favor 更喜欢，喜爱，⽀持 sustain 维持，使持续 overpay 为…多付钱 essentially 本质上 generate 产⽣，使⽣成 obsess 使着迷、使迷住 subsciption 征订费 tremendous 巨⼤的，惊⼈的 luxury 享受，奢侈 aggressive 有冲劲的，汲汲于成功的 第五部分 context(事情发⽣的)背景、环境 professional 专业⼈⼠、内⾏ efficient 效率⾼的 present 展⽰、展现 assess 评估，评定 trustworthiness (trustworthy 的变形)可信赖度，信⽤ likeability(likeable 的变形)可爱程度，魅⼒ solely 仅仅 era 时代，年代 norm 规范，⾏为准则 evolve 逐渐形成、逐渐演变 fragment(使)破裂、碎裂 setting 环境 sneaker 运动鞋 status ⾝份，地位 plus 此外 magnify 放⼤，扩⼤ headshot ⼤头照，头像 millennial 千禧⼀代 paradox ⾃相⽭盾 conscious 特别感兴趣的，关注的 navigate 找到正确⽅法(对付困难或复杂的情况) upgrade 提⾼，提升 pull off 成功完成(困难的事) enhance 提⾼，增强，增进 executive 主管领导，⾏政领导 transition 过渡(期)，转变 step into 开始做，开始介⼊ stuck(stick 的过去分词)被卡住的，不知所措的 rut 刻板乏味的⽣活 feedback 反馈，回复 cue 提⽰，线索 perceive 把…看做，认识 refresh 刷新，更新 pivot 以…为中⼼旋转 take sb seriously 认真对待某⼈ approachable 和蔼可亲的 stylish 时髦的 SoHo 休南区，索霍区(美国纽约曼哈顿南⾯⼀地区) characterization(对⼈或物的)特征描述 authropologist ⼈类学家 look up to 钦佩，尊敬 enlist 争取，谋取 stylist 形象设计师 barber 理发师 spouse 配偶 point ⽬的，意图 vain ⾃负的，虚荣的 fuss over 对某事过于关⼼ fatigue 厌倦 go-to option 可依赖的选择 at once 同时，⼀起 第六部分 Translation birthright 与⽣俱来的权⼒ build into 使固定于;使成为…的⼀部分 heal 长好，愈合 mend 愈合 reawaken重新唤起;再次引发(感情、回忆等) immune system 免疫系统 nutrition 营养(作⽤);滋养 access 进⼊权;使⽤权;接触的机会 temporarily 暂时地 restore 恢复 seed 种⼦，籽 self-esteem ⾃尊(⼼) perspective 客观判断⼒，权衡轻重的能⼒ take sb/sth seriously 认真对待某⼈/某事 work out(问题)逐渐解决;(复杂情况)逐渐化解 innate 天⽣的，与⽣俱来的 unlearned 不学⽽能的，不学即会的;天然的 sympathy 同情，同情⼼ resolve 解决(问题、困难) manage 合理安排，有效使⽤(时间、⾦钱等);经营，管理 surround 环绕，围绕 cure-all 万灵药，灵丹妙药 perfectly 完全地;⾮常;⼗分 mundane 平凡的，平淡的;乏味的 foe 敌⼈，仇敌 conscience 良⼼，良知 slow down 放慢速度，减缓;松劲;放松。

考研必考词组考研英语改革后，考研英语新大纲给出的考研词汇尚有两个重要问题急需解决，那就是缺少“单词的汉语释义”和“英文词组”两问题，而词组问题更是广大考生头疼的问题，因为大纲中没有收录任何关词组的范围和汉语释义。

这就需全凭考生自行解决。

参考了牛津Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English (Sixth edition)，剑桥Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary，朗文NEWUPDATED - Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online，韦氏Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary 等词典最新版的英文释义，并给出了精准的汉语释义，以期提高同学们的英文水平1. abandon yourself to sth phr v (=to allow yourself to be controlled completely by a feeling or way of living)v.（完全地）受制于，沉溺于（某种情感或生活方式）2. abide by sth phr v (=to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though youmay not agree with it)v.遵守，接受，遵循（决定、规则、协定等）3. be about to do sth idm (=if someone is about to do something, or if something is about tohappen, they will do it or it will happen very soon)ad.即将，刚要（做某事），（某事）即将（发生）4. keep/stay abreast of sth idm (=to make sure that you know all the most recent facts or information about a particular subject or situation)v.与…齐头并进，跟上…的发展步伐5. in abundance idm 大量，丰富，充裕，充足：we had wine in abundance.6. by accident idm (=in a way that is not planned or intended)ad.偶然，意外地7. of one’s own accord idm (=without being asked or forced to do something)ad.自愿地，主动地（做某事）8. be in accord with sb/sth idm (=a situation in which two people, ideas, or statements agreewith each other)v.同…相一致，与…相符合9. with one accord idm (=if two or more people do something with one accord, they do it together or at the same time, because they agree with each other)ad.一致地，意见一致地（做某事）10. in accordance with sth idm (=according to a rule or the way that sb says that sth should be done)prep.依照，根据，按照11. according to prep.（1）.据…所说，按…所载（报道）（2）.根据，按照12. be of no/little account idm (=to not be important)a.不重要的，无足轻重的13. on account of sth idm (=because of something else, especially a problem or difficulty)prep.由于，因为14. on no account/not on any account idm (=<used to emphasize sth> used when saying that someone must not, for any reason, do something)ad.无论何种原因都不要（做某事）15. take account of sth/take sth into account idm (=to consider or include particular factsdetails when making a decision or judgment about something)v.仔细考虑清楚，好好地考虑（某事）16. act on/upon sth phr v (=to do something because of another person's advice or order, orbecause you have received information or had an idea)v.根据（建议、命令、信息等）行事17. be out of action idm (=If a machine or vehicle is out of action, it is not working or cannotbe used)a.(机器、交通工具等)坏了，失灵了，无法工作了18. add up to sth phr v (=AMOUNT：to become a particular amount)v.合计达，总共是19. add up to sth phr v (=to have a particular result or effect)v.造成…后果，产生…结果，起作用20. in addition sth idm (=used to add another piece of information to what you have just said)ad.另外，从另一方面来讲21. in addition to sb/sth idm (=used when you want to mention another person or thing after sth els)prep.除…以外（还）22. in advance (of sth) idm (=before something happens or is expected to happen)ad./prep. 预先，事先；在…之前23. in advance of sth/sb idm (=to be more developed or modern than someone or something else)prep.领先于，比…更现代24. take advantage of sb idm (=to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially someone who is generous or easily persuaded)v.（欺骗性地）利用，占…的便宜25. take advantage of sth (to do sth) idm (=to use the good things in a situation)v.利用，把握着…的机会26. to (good/best) advantage idm (=in a way that shows the best of sth)ad.有效地，出色地，很好地27. be in the air idm (=If something is in the air, you feel that it is happening or about tohappen)a.存在的，即将出现的28. be on/off (the) air idm (= to be broadcasting on the radio or television at the present moment, or to stop broadcasting)v.（电视、收音机等）正在播放节目或停止播放节目29. be up in the air idm (= if something is up in the air, no decision has been made about ityet)a.无法做出决定的，悬而未决的30. be on the alert (for) idm (= ready to notice and deal with a situation or problem)a.警戒着，随时准备着31. above all idm (=used to say that something is more important than anything else)ad.首先，尤其是32. after all idm (=in spite of what you thought was true or expected to happen)ad.最终还是，毕竟，终归还是33. all in all idm (=used to show that you are considering every part of a situation)ad.总的来看，考虑到各方面34. at all idm (= used in negative statements and questions to emphasize what you are saying)ad.用于否定句，表示强调，可看作虚词35. in all idm (= including every thing or person)ad.总共，合计36. allow for sb/sth phr v (=to include sb/sth when calculating sth)v.把…计算在内，考虑到，估计到37. make allowance(s) for sth idm (=to consider sth, for example when you are making a decision or planning sth)v.（做决策、决定等时）考虑到，估计到38. make allowances (for sb) idm (=to allow sb to behave in a way that you would not usually accept, because of a problem or because there is a special reason)v.体谅，谅解39. along with sth/sb idm (=together with someone or something else)prep.和…一起，和…一陈正康老师网站3道40. angle for sth phr v (=to try to get something you want without asking directly for it)v.（转弯抹角地）谋取41. one (...) after another idm (=a lot of things, one after the other)ad.一个接一个地，相继地42. one another idm (=each other)ad.互相43. answer for sth phr v (=to be responsible for something bad, or to be punished for something) v.对…负有责任，因…而受到惩罚44. anything but idm (=used to emphasize that someone or something does not have a particular quality)ad.绝对不，肯定不45. apart from/aside from idm (=except for)prep.除了…之外46. as … as idm (=used when you are comparing two people, things, situations etc)ad./prep.像…一样…47. as for sb/sth idm (= used when you are starting to talk about someone or something new that is connected with what you were talking about before)prep.至于，关于48. as to sth/as regards sth idm (=used when you are referring to sth)prep.至于，关于49. as if/though idm (=in a way that makes it seem that something is true or that something is happening)ad.好象，仿佛50. as it is idm (=a) because of the situation that actually exists - used when that situation isdifferent from what you expected or need: They hoped to finish the kitchen by Friday, but as it is they'll probably have to come back next week. b) already: Just keep quiet - you're in enough trouble as it is.)ad.实际上，事实上51. as it were idm (=used when a speaker is giving his or her own impression of a situation or expressing sth in a particular way)ad.可以说，在一定程度上52. assert yourself idm (=to behave in a confident and determined way so that other people pay attention to your opions)v.坚持自己主张，表现坚定53. pay attention to sth/sb idm (=take any notice of)v.注意54. avail yourself of sth phr v (=to accept an offer or use an opportunity to do something)v.利用（某个机会），接受（某个提议）55. on (the/an) average idm (=based on a calculation about how many times something usually happens, how much money someone usually gets, how often people usuallydo something etc)ad.按平均值，通常56. right away idm (=immediately)ad.立刻，马上57. be/stand in awe of sb/hold sb in awe idm (=to admire someone and have great respect forthem and sometimes a slight fear of them)v.敬畏58. back and forth idm (=going in one direction and then in the opposite direction, and repeating this several times)ad.来回地，反复地59. back off idm (=to move backwards, away from someone or something)v.后退60. back off (from sth) idm (=to stop supporting something, or decide not to do something you were planning to do)v.放弃61. badly-off idm (=having little money and few of the things you need to live)v.贫穷的，缺这少那的62. be behind bars idm (=in prison)a.蹲监狱，坐牢，被关起来63. drive/strike a hard bargain idm (=to demand a lot or refuse to give too much when you are making an agreement)v.想以低投入获取高回报，使劲杀价64. because of idm (=used to say who or what causes something to happen or is the reason for something)prep.因为，由于65. to begin with idm (=at first or used to introduce the first point you want to make)ad.起初，开始；首先，第一66. on behalf of sb/on sb’s behalf idm (=as the representative of sb or instead of them)ad.代表某人或代替某人67. come into being/be brought into being idm (=to start to exist)v.开始存在，产生，形成68. be beyond belief idm (=used to emphasize that something is so extreme that it is difficult to believe)a.难以置信的69. believe in sb/sth phr v (=to be sure that someone or something exists)v.相信（某人或某事物）存在，信70. at best idm (=used to emphasize that something is not very good, pleasant, honest etc even if you consider it in the best possible way)ad.充其量，至多71. do/try your best idm (=to make the greatest effort possible)v.尽力72. had best/better do sth idm (=If you had better/best do something, you should do it or itwould be good to do it)ad.最好，应该73. be better off idm (=to have more money than you had in the past or more money than most other people)a.比以前有钱了；比别人富裕了74. be better off idm (=to be in a better situation, if or after something happens)a.境况好起来了75. in between idm (=in the space or period of time separating two or more points, objects, etc. or two dates, events, etc.)ad.介于…之间76. give birth (to sb/sth) idm (=to produce a baby or young animal)v.生（孩子），产生77. a bit idm (=slightly)ad.一点儿，有点儿，细微地，轻微地78. bit by bit idm (=gradually)ad.一点一点地，逐渐地，慢慢地79. do your bit idm (=to do a fair share of the work, effort etc that is needed to achieve something good or important)v.各尽所责，作好自己份内的事80. every bit as important/bad/good etc (as sb/sth) idm (=used to emphasize that something isequally important, bad etc as something else)ad.每一点，完全81. turn a blind eye (to sth) idm (=to deliberately ignore something bad that you know should not be happening)v.装作没看见，睁一只眼闭一只眼82. on board idm (=on a ship, plane, or train [= aboard])ad.在船（飞机或火车）上83. be bound up with sth idm (=to be very closely connected with a particular problem or situation)v.与(某事)紧密相连84. know no bounds idm (=if someone's honesty, kindness etc knows no bounds, they are extremely honest etc)v.(某人的正直、善良)是无量的85. break in phr v (=to interrupt someone when they are speaking)v.打断，插嘴86. break out phr v (=If something dangerous or unpleasant breaks out, it suddenly starts)v. 突然出现，爆发87. break through (sth) phr v (=to manage to get past or through something that is in your way)v.突破，冲破，扫除（途中的障碍）88. break up phr v (= if something breaks up, or if you break it up, it breaks into a lotpieces)v.碎了，弄碎89. break up phr v (=to separate something into several smaller parts)v.分割，分散陈正康老师网站590. break up phr v (=When schools and colleges, or the teachers and students who go to them break up, their classes stop and the holidays start)v.(学校)放假，休假91. break up phr v (=If an occasion when people meet breaks up or someone breaks it up, itends and people start to leave)v.（会议等）结束，散会，解散，散伙92. hold your breath idm (=to deliberately not breathe out for a short time or to not breathe out and try not to make a sound because you do not want to be noticed)v.屏着呼吸93. be out of breath idm (=having difficultly breathing after exercise)a.呼吸困难的，上气不接下气94. take sb’s breath away idm (=be extremely beautiful or surprising)v.使（某人）惊叹不已95. in brief idm (=in as few words as possible)ad.简言之96. bring about phr v (=to make something happen [= cause])v.导致，引起97. bring forward legislation/plans/policies etc phr v (=to officially introduce plans etc forpeople to discuss)v.提出，提议（某项法案、方案、计划等）98. build up phr v (=to increase or become larger or stronger, or to cause someone or something to do this)v.增加，增强，增多；增进99. in bulk idm (=if you buy goods in bulk, you buy large amounts each time you buy them)ad.大量，大批100. bump into sb phr v (=to meet someone who you know when you were not expecting to [= run into])v.偶然遇到，碰到（某人）101. burn down phr v (=if a building burns down or is burned down, it is destroyed by fire)v.烧毁102. burn down phr v (=if a fire burns down, the flames become weaker and it produces less heat)v.（火势）减弱103. burn out/burns itself out phr v (=if a fire burns out or burns itself out, it stops burningbecause there is no coal, wood etc left)v.熄灭，烧完了104. burn out/burn herself out phr v (=to work so hard over a period of time that you become unable to continue working because you are tired, ill, or unable to think of any new ideas)v. 累坏了，筋疲力尽了105. burn up phr v (=if something burns up or is burnt up, it is completely destroyed byheat)v.烧毁，烧掉106. burst into song/tears/laughter etc phr v (=to suddenly begin to make a sound, especially tostart singing, crying, or laughing)v.突然开始…起来107. burst out laughing/crying/singing etc phr v (=to suddenly start to laugh, cry etc)v.突然开始108. get down to business idm (=to start dealing with the matter that needs to be deal with, ordoing the work that needs to be done)v.开始着手处理，开始做事109. but for idm (=used when you are saying that something would have happened if something or someone else had not prevented it)prep.假如没有，要不是110. can not but idm (=used to say that someone has to do something or cannot stop themselves from doing it)aux.v.不得不（做某事），禁不住（要做某事）111. by and large idm (=used when making a general statement)ad.大体上来看，总的来说112. a piece of cake idm (=something which is very easy to do)n.容易的事，小菜一碟113. call for sth phr v (=to need or deserve a particular action, remark or quality)v.应有，需要114. call off phr v (=to decide that a planned event will not take place or to officially decidethat something should be stopped after it has already started)v.取消，停止进行115. call on/upon to do sth phr v (=to formally ask someone to do something)v.号召，呼吁，要求116. call on/upon phr v (=to visit someone for a short time)v.短暂拜访，看望117. be capable of (doing sth) idm (=having the ability, power or qualities to be able to dosomething)a.有（某种）能力的，有（做某事）能力的118. care for phr v (=to look after someone who is not able to look after themselves)v.照顾，照看119. care for phr v (=to like or love sb or sth)v.喜欢，爱120. take care phr v (=to be careful)v.当心，小心121. take care of phr v (=to look after someone or something)v.照顾，照料，照看122. carry on phr v (=to continue doing something)v.继续进行123. carry out phr v (=to do something that needs to be organized and planned)v.有计划地做（某事）124. carry out phr v (=to do something that you have said you will do or that someone has asked you to do)v.实施，落实；履行，执行125. carry through phr v (=to complete or finish something successfully, in spite of difficulties)v.实现，完成126. carry sb through (sth) phr v (=to help someone be able to deal with a difficult situation)v.帮助（某人）度过难关127. a case in point idm (=an example which shows that what you are saying is true or helps to explain why you are saying it)v.有关的事例，例证128. in any case idm (=whatever happens or happened)ad.无论如何，不管怎样129. in case idm (=as a way of being safe from something that might happen or might be true)conj.以防，万一130. in case of sth idm (=used to describe what you should do in a particular situation, especially on official notices)prep.如果发生，假如131. in no case conj.无论如何不，决不132.catch up (with sb/sth) phr v (=to reach sb/sth in front of you by going faster than them)v.追上，赶上133. by chance idm (=in the haphazard course of events)ad.偶然，碰巧134. take a chance idm (=take a chance to do something that involves risks)v.冒险，碰运气135. be in charge (of sth) idm (=having control or custody of something)v.管理，掌管136. take charge of sth idm (=take control of)v.管理，掌管137. check in phr v (=if you check in or are checked in at a hotel or airport, you go to the deskand report that you have arrived)v.（在旅馆、机场等）登记，报到138. check out phr v (=to make sure that something is actually true, correct, or acceptable [=investigate])v.调查，核查，核实139. check out (of…) phr v (=to leave a hotel after paying the bill, etc)v.结帐离开（旅馆等）140. check up on sb/sth phr v (=to try to find out if someone is doing what they said they woulddo or what you want them to do or to make sure that something is true or correct)v.监督；核实，核对141. keep/hold sb/sth in check phr v (=keep someone or something under control)v.控制，抑制142. cheer on phr v (=to shout encouragement at a person or team to help them do well in arace or competition)v.做…的拉拉队，为…鼓气，向…喝彩143. cheer up phr v (=to become more cheerful, or to make sb/sth more cheerful)v.变得更高兴或更精彩，使…变得更高兴或更精彩144.chew over phr v (=to think about or discuss something carefully for a long time)v.仔细考虑，深思熟虑；详细讨论145. choke up phr v (=to find it difficult to speak, because of the strong emotion that youare feeling)v.（因感情激动而）说不出话来，哽咽146. in chorus phr v (=if people say something in chorus, they say the same thing at the sametime)ad.齐口同声147. under/in no circumstances idm (=used to emphasize that something must definitely not happen or be allowed)ad.无论在任何情况下都不会，决不能148.in/under the circumstances idm (=used to say that a particular situation makes an action, decision etc necessary, acceptable, or true when it would not normally be)ad. 既然是这样，在这种特殊情况下149. clean up phr v (=to make a place or yourself completely clean and tidy)v.把（某处）彻底地弄整洁，把（自己）收拾干净整洁150. clean up phr v (=remove crime and immoral behavior from a place or an activity)v.清楚（某地或某活动中的）犯罪及道德行为，清理，整顿151. clear up phr v (=If the weather clears up, the cloud and rain disappears)v.（天气）转晴152. clear away phr v (=to make a place look tidier by removing things or putting things backwhere they belong)v.把…清理出去，把…收拾整洁153. round the clock idm (=all day and all night without stopping)v.日夜不停地154. come across phr v (=come across somebody/something to meet, find, or discover someone or something by chance)v.（偶然）遇见，找到，发现（某人或某物）155. come out +ad./prep./a. phr v (=If you describe how something or someone comes out at the end of a process or activity, you say what condition they are in or what they have achieved)v.最终的结果是156.in common idm (=by everyone in a group)ad.共有，公有157. by/in comparison (with sb/sth) idm (=when compared with sb/sth)prep.（与…）相比较158. be composed of idm (=to be formed from a number of substances, parts, or people [= consist of])v.有…组成，由…构成159. as/so far as sth/sb be concerned idm (=used to give facts or an opinion about a particularaspect of sth)v.就…而言160. in concert idm (=together)ad.共同，一起161. in concert with sb/sth idm (=working together with sb/sth)ad.与…合作，与…同心协力162. on (the) condition that/on one condition idm (=only if a particular thing is agreedto)conj.只要163. out of condition idm (=not healthy enough for hard physical exercise, as a result of nottaking part in sport or other physical activities)a.健康不佳，身体不适164. on/under no condition idm (=not in any situation or never)ad.任何情况下都不，决不165. confide in sb idm (=to share your feelings and secrets with someone because you trust them not to tell other people)v.向（认为可信赖的人）透露秘密（或个人隐私）166. in confidence idm (=If you tell something to someone in confidence, you do not want them to tell anyone else)ad.私下地，秘密地167. in consequence (of sth) idm (=as a result of sth)ad./prep.因此，结果；由于，作为…结果168. take sth into consideration idm (=to remember to think about something important when you are making a decision or judgement)v.记得把（某事）考虑进去169. on the contrary idm (=used to add to a negative statement, to disagree with a negative statement by someone else, or to answer no to a question)ad.与此相反，恰恰相反170.in/by contrast idm (=having an obvious difference between people, ideas, situations,things etc that are being compared or having the fact of comparing two or more things in order to show the differences between them)ad.明显不同，明显不同的是；相比之下，对比之下171. in contrast to/with idm (=to be an obvious difference between people, ideas, situations,things etc that are being compared or used to compare two or more things in order to show the differences between them)prep.与…形成鲜明对比，与…明显不同172. contrast sharply/strikingly with sth idm (=to be extremely different from something)v.与…极其不同，与…很不同173. be in control (of sth) idm (=to direct or manage an organization, an area or a situation)v.掌管，控制，操纵（某机构、地区或局势）174. be/get/run/ out of control idm (=to be or become impossible to manage or to control)v.无法控制，失去控制175. be under control idm (=to be being dealt with or limited successfully)v.被成功地处理好；被控制住，处于控制之下176. cook up phr v (=to invent an excuse, reason, plan etc, especially one that is slightly dishonest or unlikely to work)v.编造，捏造177. cool down/off phr v (=to make something slightly colder, or to become slightly colder)v.变冷，冷却下来；使…变冷，使…冷却下来178. cut (off) the corner idm (=to go across the corner of an area and not around the sides ofit, because it is quicker)v.走捷径，抄近道179. turn the corner idm (=If something or someone turns the corner, their situation starts toimprove after a difficult period)v.（状况）开始好转180. at all cost(s) idm (=whatever is needed to achieve sth)ad.不惜任何代价181. at any cost idm (=under any circumstances)ad.在任何情况下，无论如何182. at the cost of prep.以…为代价183. count in phr v (=to include someone in an activity or arrangement)v.把（某人）算入184. count on/upon sb phr v (=to be confident that you can depend on someone)v.依靠（某人），指望（某人）185. in the course of sth idm (=going through a particular process)prep.在…过程中186. (by) courtesy of sb idm (=by someone's permission, provision or kindness, rather than by paying them)prep.蒙…批准（批准、好意等）187. (by) courtesy of sth idm (=if one thing happens courtesy of another, the second thing caused the first)prep.由于，因为，由…引起188. off the cuff idm (=If you speak off the cuff, you say something without having prepared orthought about your words first)ad.提前未作准备或没有思考的，即兴的189.be out of date idm (=if information is out-of-date, it is not recent and may no longer becorrect [= outdated])a.过时的190. to date idm (=up to now)ad.迄今为止191. dawn (up) on sb phr v (=If a fact dawns on you, you become aware of it after a period ofnot being aware of it)v.被（某人）理解，意识到192. call it a day idm (=to decide to stop working, especially because you have done enough or you are tired)v.决定放弃或停止（做某事）193. day and night idm (=all the time [= continuously])ad.夜以继日194. day in day out/ day in, day out idm (=<especially of something boring> done or happening every day for a long period of time)ad.天天如此195. turn a deaf ear idm (=to be unwilling to listen to what someone is saying or asking)v.不愿听196. deal with phr v (=to take action in order to achieve something or in order to solve aproblem)v.处理，对付197. deal with phr v (=if a book, speech etc deals with a particular subject, it is about thatsubject)v.关于，涉及到，论及198. be in debt idm (=to owe money)v.欠债，负债199. take (a) delight in (doing) sth idm (=to enjoy something very much, especially something you should not do)v.以…为乐200.be in demand idm (=wanted by a lot of people)a.被很多人们需要，需求大201. in depth idm (=in a detailed and thorough)ad.全面，深入，详细202. go into detail(s) phr v (=to explain sth fully)v.详细叙述，逐一说明203. in detail idm (=with all the particulars)ad.具体地，详细地204. die away phr v (=if sound, wind, or light dies away, it becomes gradually weaker until youcannot hear, feel, or see it)v.（声音、风、光等）逐渐变弱205. die down phr v (=if something dies down, it becomes gradually less strong, loud, noticeable or violent)v.（某事物的程度）逐渐地减弱206. die out phr v (=to disappear or stop existing completely)v.逐渐消失，灭绝207. go/be on a diet idm (=to take a limited range and amount of food that you eat when youwant to get thinner)v.节食208. at sb’s disposal idm (=available for use as you prefer/as prefers)prep.任（某人）处理，由（某人）自行支配209. in dispute idm (=if something is in dispute, people are arguing about it)ad.在争论中，正处于争论中210. out of doors idm (=outside [= outdoors])ad.户外，在户外211. beyond (a) doubt idm (=in a way that shows that sth is completely certain)ad.无疑地，确实地212. doze off phr v (=to go to sleep, especially when you did not intend to [= drop off, nodoff])v.打瞌睡，打盹儿213. drop out (of sth) ph r v (=to no longer do an activity or belong to a group)v.不再参与（某项活动），退出（某个团体）214. due to idm (=because of something)prep.因为，由于215. in due course idm (=at some time in the future when it is the right time, but not before)ad.到时候，在适时时候216. in duplicate idm (=if something is in duplicate, there are two copies of it)ad.一式二份217. dwell on/upon sth ph r v (=to think or talk for too long about something, especially something unpleasant)v.老是想着，谈到（不愉快的事）218. bring/carry/put sth into effect idm (=to make a plan or idea happen: It won't be easy toput the changes into effect)v.使…生效，实施，实行219. come/go into effect idm (=to come into use or to begin to apply)v.实施，开始生效220. in effect idm (=used when you are describing what you see as the real facts of a situation)ad.实际上，事实上221. take effect idm (=to start to produce results)v.生效，起作用222.to the effect that idm (=used when you are giving the general meaning of something, rather than the exact words)conj.大概意思是223. or else idm (=used to say that there will be a bad result if someone does not do something)ad.否则，要不然224. end in sth ph r v (=to have sth as a result)v.以…为结果，以…为告终225. end up ph r v (=to finally be in a particular place or situation)v.结束，告终226. in the end idm (=after a period of time, or after everything has been done)ad.最后，结果227. on end idm (=without stopping)ad.连续地228. in essence idm (=used when talking about the most basic and important part of something, especially an idea, belief, or argument)ad.本质上，实质上229.be of the essence idm (=necessary and very important)a.非常重要的，至关重要的230. even if/though idm (=in spite of the fact or belief that, or no matter whether)conj.即便是，纵然；尽管，虽然231. in any/either event/at all events idm (=used to say that something will definitely happen orbe true in spite of anything else that may happen [= in any case])ad.无论如何，不管怎样232. in the event of sth/in the event that sth happens idm (=used to tell people what they shoulddo if something happens)prep.如果…发生，倘若，要是（某事发生）233.(be) in evidence idm (=to be present and easily seen or noticed)a./ad.显眼，显而易见，很明显234.make an example of sb idm (=to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do thesame thing)v.杀一儆百235. except (for) idm (=used to introduce the only person, thing, action, fact, or situation about which a statement is not true)prep.不包括…在内，除…之外236. in excess of sth idm (=more than a particular amount)prep.超过（一定数量）237. exert yourself idm (=to work very hard and use a lot of physical or mental energy)v.努力，尽力238.make an exhibition of yourself idm (=to behave in a silly or embarrassing way [= makeafool of yourself])v.出洋相，当众出丑239. at the expense of sb/sth idm (=with loss or damage to sb/sth)ad.在牺牲（或损害）…的情况下，以…为代价240.to a certain/some/an extent idm (=used to say how true something is or how great an effect or change is)ad.到…程度，在…程度上241. keep an eye on sb/sth idm (=to watch carefully so that you will notice when someone orsomething appears)v.照看，留神，留意，密切关注242. face up to sth ph r v (=to accept and deal with a difficult fact or problem)v.勇敢地接受（或对付）243. as a matter of fact/in fact idm (=used to add emphasis to what you are saying, or to showthat it is the opposite of or different from what went before)ad.事实上，其实244. fall behind (sb/sth) ph r v (=to fail to keep level with sb/sth)v.落后，落在…的后面245. fall in with sb/sth ph r v (=to accept someone's ideas, decisions etc and not disagree withthem)v.接受，同意，赞成246. fall in with sb ph r v (=to become friendly with someone)v.同…结交，和…成为朋友247. fall on/upon sb ph r v (=if a duty or job falls on someone, they are responsible for doingit)v.由…负担，（某项工作等）落到…身上248. as far as sth idm (=to a place or point, but not beyond it)prep.到…程度（但未超越这种程度）249. far from (doing) sth idm (=almost the opposite of sth or of what is expected)v.几乎相反，远非，不象期待的样250. be at fault idm (=to have done something wrong)v.做了错事，出错251. find fault with sb/sth idm (=to criticize someone or something, often unfairly and frequently)v.抱怨，找…岔子，挑剔252. be in favor (of sb/sth) idm (=support, approval, or agreement for something such as aplan, idea, or system)v.支持，赞成，同意253. for fear of/that idm (=because you are worried that you will make something happen)prep./conj.生怕，以免254. quite a few/a good few/not a few idm (=a fairly large number of things or people)ad./a.相。

2025考研英语二高频常考真题词频率为 35 次的单词process n.过程；工序；程序vt.加工，处理频率为 28 次的单词growth n.增加，增长(量)；生长，发展technology n.工艺，技术theory n.理论，原理；学说；看法，见解频率为 26 次的单词economy n.经济(制度)，经济情况；节约，省俭频率为 23 次的单词behavio(u)r n.行为，举止；运转情况频率为 21 次的单词account n.账(目)，账户；叙述，说明 vi.说明(原因等)；(数量、比例方面)占economic a.经济(学)的，经济上的频率为 25 次的单词individuala.单独的，个人的频率为 17 次的单词product n.产品，产物；乘积rate n. (比)率；速度，进度；价格，费用频率为 18 次的单词create vt.创造，创建，创作；引起，产生频率为 17 次的单词decline vi./n.下降，减少，衰退；婉拒hard a.硬的，坚固的；烈性的；困难的ad.努力地；猛烈地：困难地频率为 16 次的单词ability n.能力，本领；才能，才智频率为 17 次的单词professional a.专业的；高水准的spot n.斑点，污点；地点；一点儿vt.认出，发现；玷污tend vi.倾向，趋向于vt.照管，护理view n.眼界；风景；(常用 pl.)看法vt.看待；观察频率为 14 次的单词advocate vt/n.鼓吹(者)，拥护(者)amount n.数量 vi.合计；等同community n.团体，社会；界，族；社区;群落concern vt.关联；关心n.企业；焦虑；关心environment n.环境，周围状况factor n.因素，要素intelligence n.智力，智慧；情报likely a.可能的，有希望的ad.可能returnv./n.回来；归还，送还；回答social a.社会的；交际的频率为 13 次的单词consequence n.结果，后果；重要(性)，重大drug n.药物；(pl.)麻醉品，毒品expert n.专家，能手 a.熟练的，内行的extend vi.延续；达到vt.提供，发出industrial a.工业的，产业的moral a.道德(上)的n.寓意，教育意义频率为 12 次的单词action n.行为；活动；作用adult n.成(年)人a.成年人的，已成熟的ambition n.雄心；野心competition n.竞争，比赛capacity n.容量，容积；能力，才能detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，细说evidence n.根据，证据；迹象，形迹evolution n.进化，演化，渐进fund n.基金，专款；现款vt.为...提供资金inflation n.通货膨胀；(充气使)膨胀local a.当地的.地方的；局部的maintain vt.维持；维修，保养；主张management n.经营；管理(部门)；管理人员productivity n.生产力，生产率survive vt.幸免于；比...活得长vi.幸存universe n.宇宙，世界；范围，领域频率为 11 次的单词learn vt.学会；得知vi.学习；了解频率为 10 次的单词advertising n.广告宣传；广告业，广告事务affect v.影响；感动benefit n.益处v.有益，得益debate v./n.辩论，争论directlyad.直接地；立即element n.要素；元素；基础；自然环境essential a.必不可少的；本质的n.(pl.)要素，要点；必需品identify vt.把...等同于；认出，鉴定vi.认同intend vt.想要.打算，企图investment n.投资(额)reasonable a.合理的；通情达理的；公道的；尚好的responsibility n.责任(心)；职责，义务opportunityn.时机，机会personality n.人格，个性；人物private a.私人的；秘密的频率为 9 次的单词alter vt.改变，变更appropriate a.适当的vt.私占；拨款用boom n.叫喊声；繁荣vi.隆隆作响；迅速增长combine v.联合，化合 n.联合企业corporationn.公司，团体enterprise n.进取心，事业心；(企)事业单位federal a.联邦的gas n.煤气；气体；汽油highly ad.高(度)地，非常issue n.问题，争论点v.颁布，出版；分发；流出，发出organization/-isation n.团体，机构；组织体制principle n.原理，原则；信条project n.计划；项目；工程vt.投射，放映；(使)伸出recognize/-ise vt.认出；承认；表彰，报偿specific a.特有的；具体的n(pl.)详情，细节structure n.结构，构造；建筑物vt.构造；安排substance n.物质；实质；内容；根据trend n.趋势，倾向；时新款式，时尚频率为 8 次的单词activity n.活跃，活力；(常 pl.)活动advantage n.优点，有利条件；利益aspect n.外表；(问题等的)方面attituden.态度，看法；姿势balance v.使平衡，称n.天平；平衡；差额，结余characteristic a.特有的，典型的n.特征claim vt./n.声称，断言；索取comment n.评论，意见vi.评论constitute vt.组成；设立contract v.订(约)；缩小n.合同，包工creative a.创造(性)的，有创造力的culture n.教养，教育；文化；培植，培养historical a.历史(上)的，史学的interpret vt.解释，说明，诠释vi.口译，翻译manner n.方式，方法；态度，举止；风度，礼貌，规矩mass n.大量；团，块; (pl)群众；质量obtain vt.获得vi.通用，流行powerful a.强大的，有力的；强壮的predict vt.预告，预言，预测risk n.风险，危险；冒险vt.冒...的危险robotn.机器人，自动机械shift v.转移；改变，转变n.转换；轮(或换)班species n.种，类频率为 7 次的单词approach v./n.接近n.途径；方法argument n.争论，辩论；论点，论据assume vt.假定；承担；呈现blueprintn.计划，蓝图climate n.气候；风气，气氛competitive a. (好)竞争的；求胜心切的；有竞争力的complex a.复杂的；复合的n.综合体concept n.概念，观念，思想confuse vt.使困惑；混乱，混淆critical a.危急的，决定性的，关键性的；批评(判)的crude a.天然的；生的；粗鲁的emerge vi.出现；发生，显露employee n.受雇者，雇员existence n.存在；生存，生活(方式)innovation n.新方法，新事物；革新interview n./v.接见，会见；面试；采访involve vt.使卷入，使参与；包含，牵涉journal n.定期刊物；日志link v.连接，联系n.环节，联系，纽带manifest a.明显的vt.使显现；证明motion n.运动；手势，眼色；提议 v. (向...)打手势，示意obvious a.显然的，明显的performance n.执行；表演policy n.政策，方针；保险单possibility n.可能(性)；可能的事pressure n.压(力)；压迫vt.对...施加压力(或影响) property n.财产，资产；性质，特性prospect n.前景v.勘探，勘察relate vi.有关联；和睦相处vt.使互相关联；叙述resource n.(pl.)资源；谋略source n.源(泉)，发源地；来源，出处suicide n.自杀；自取灭亡频率为 6 次的单词access n.进入；入口vt.存取(计算机文件)acquire vt.取得，获得，学到adapt vt.使适应；改编，修改vi.适应additional a.附加的，另外的，添加的aggressive a. [贬]侵略的；[褒]敢做敢为的，积极的amateur n./a.业余爱好(者的)analysis n.分析(报告)apply vi.申请，请求；适用于vt.应用，运用arise vi.出现，发生；引起，起源于；起身assumption n.假定，臆断；担任，承担assure vt.使确信，使放心；确保authority n.权威，专家；权力；(常用 pl.)官方，当局avoid v t.避免，避开；预防bias n.偏见；偏袒，偏心vt.使有偏见brief a.简洁的v.简短介绍，简要汇报cash n.现金v.兑现，付(或收)现款challenge vt.向...挑战n.挑战；难题committeen.委员会conflict n.冲突；战斗vi.冲突，抵触consideration n.考虑；体贴，关心constant a.不断的；始终如一的；忠实的n.常数consumption n.消耗量，消费量contact vt./n. (与...取得)联系conventionn.大会；协定，公约；惯例convince vt.使确信，使信服，说服cosmic a.宇宙的data n.资料，数据definition n.定义；清晰(度)，鲜明(度) deliveryn.交付，投递；分娩；演讲的风格(方式) demonstrate vt.说明,演示；论证；表露vi.示威(或集会) d eny vt.否认；拒绝给予，拒绝...的要求digital a.数字的discipline vt./n.纪律；学科；训练；惩罚distinction n.差别；区分，辨别；优秀educate v.教育，培养，训练effective a.有效的；事实上的electronic a.电子的emphasis n.强调，重点enable vt.使能够，使可能，使可行error n.错误，差错establish vt.建立，设立，创办；确定extent n.广度，宽度；范围，程度focus v.聚焦n.焦点，焦距；(活动等的)中心function n.功能；函数vi.运行，起作用fundamentala.根本的，基础的n. (常p l.)基本原则gene n.基因genius n.天才，天赋；天才人物giant n.巨人；才智超群的人 a.巨大的humo(u)r n.幽默(感)；脾性，情绪，心情v.使满足，迁就implication n.含意，暗示；牵连improvement n.增进；改进(处)independent a.独立自主的；中立的；无关的influence vt./n.影响(力) n.势力，权势instinct n.本能，直觉；生性，天性intentionn.意图，意向，目的invention n.发明，创造；捏造，虚构item n.条款，项目；(新闻等的)一条mechanism n.机械装置；机构；机制observation n.注意，观察；言论；(常 pl.)观察数据odda.古怪的；奇数的；剩余的n.(p1.)可能性offendvt.冒犯；使不舒服；违犯oppose vt.反对，反抗panel n.控制板，仪表盘；专门小组phenomenon n.现象；非凡的人(或物)physical a.物理(学)的；物质的；身体的potential a.潜在的，可能的n.潜力，潜能prolong vt.延长，拉长，拖延 psychologicala.心理(学)的reflect v.反射；反省，深思；反映relevant a.有关的，切题的remark v.评论，谈论；注意到，察觉n.评语，议论，意见requirement n.要求；需要(的东西)respond vi.回答，答复；响应responsen.回答，答复；反应，响应responsible a.负责任的；重要的；有责任感的revolution n.革命；旋转，转数rob vt/vi.抢劫，盗取scale n.刻度；级别；规模；鳞；(pl.)天平secure a.安全的，可靠的vt.获得；使安全siten.位置，地点vt.使坐落在，设置statusn.地位，身份；情形，状况stock n.库存，现货；股票v.储备 a.常备的stressn.压力，紧张；重音；强调vt.强调；重读sufficient a.足够的，充分的survey n.测量；概括论述；调查sympathy n.同情(心)；支持；(pl.)慰问threaten v. (构成)威胁，可能发生unemployment n.失业(人数)vote vi.投票n.选票；选举；投票总数频率为 5 次的单词abroad ad.国外，在国外；到处appeal vi/n.呼吁；申诉；(有)吸引力；求助captive n.俘虏a.被俘虏的；被迷住的infrastructure n.基础结构，基本设施(如运输、动力等) premium n.保险金；奖品a.高级的；售价高的resign vi.辞职vt.放弃；使顺从span n.跨距，范围v.横越title n.题目，标题；称号，头衔；权益，权利unlikely a.未必的，靠不住的。

考研英语历年真题短语总结短语是英语语言中的重要组成部分，掌握短语是提高英语能力的关键之一。

尤其是在考研英语中，熟练使用各种短语可以有效地提高答题的准确性和流畅性。

为了帮助考生更好地备考，本文将总结历年考研英语真题中常见的短语，并提供相关的解释和例句。

1. take advantage of解释：利用例句：We should take advantage of every opportunity to learn new things.2. make progress解释：取得进步例句：After months of hard work, she finally made significant progress in her studies.3. play a crucial role解释：起关键作用例句：Education plays a crucial role in shaping a person's future.4. give rise to解释：引起例句：His careless actions gave rise to a series of problems.5. have a profound impact on解释：对...产生深远影响例句：The invention of the internet has had a profound impact on people's lives.6. be equipped with解释：配备有例句：The new laboratory is equipped with the latest technology.7. be confronted with解释：面临例句：In today's society, many young people are confronted with various challenges.8. result in解释：导致例句：The heavy rain resulted in severe flooding in the area.9. give priority to解释：优先考虑例句：When making decisions, we should always give priority to the needs of the disadvantaged.10. be characterized by解释：以...为特点例句：The city is characterized by its rich cultural heritage.11. put forward解释：提出例句：He put forward a new proposal at the meeting.12. take into account解释：考虑到，顾及例句：When making plans, we should take into account the needs of everyone involved.13. adapt to解释：适应例句：In order to succeed, we must learn to adapt to changes in our environment.14. contribute to解释：对...有贡献例句：His research has greatly contributed to the field of medicine.15. be associated with解释：与...有关联例句：Stress is often associated with various health problems.16. be linked to解释：与...有联系例句：Poor diet and lack of exercise are linked to obesity.17. take measures解释：采取措施例句：The government should take measures to protect the environment.18. bring about解释：引起例句：The new policy will bring about significant changes in the education system.19. give credit to解释：归功于例句：She gave credit to her team for the success of the project.20. have access to解释：有机会接触到例句：With the internet, people now have easy access to information from all over the world.通过对历年考研英语真题中的短语总结，我们可以看出，在考研英语中掌握常用的短语是非常重要的。

1997:Passage1:Sink in: 被充分理解，被深刻感受或者领会Sigh: 叹息；渴望；思念Passage2:Observation:评论Courteous: 好客的；有礼貌的；谦恭的Diversion: 娱乐Harsh: 严厉的，苛刻的Weary: 疲劳的，劳累的Passage3:Neutral: 中性的Pervasive: 扩散，遍布，普及Constructive:积极的Perceptual: 知觉的Withdraw: 收回，撤退Hallucination:幻影，幻觉，梦幻Passage4:Verse: 诗句，韵文，诗Cite: 引用Launch: 发射，开办，投入Passage5:Lag: 落后，滞后，延迟Panel: 专门问题小组Analogy: 类推，类比，比喻Defective: 有缺陷的Capacity: 生产力Thrilling: 令人震颤的；令人兴奋的1998:Passage1:Giant: 巨型的，巨大的At the mercy of:任凭….处置，听凭….摆布，无能为力Bidding: 期望达到，寻求Cement: 巩固，加强Silt: 淤泥Stop just short of:就差，几乎Monster: 庞大的，巨大的Passage2:Establish: 建造；设立；确立；认可；证实Preside over: 主持，主管Lump together: 合在一起Anecdote: 轶事，趣闻Overall: 整体的，总体的Ineptly: 不恰当地，不合适地Chop out: 大幅度消减Blunt: 率直的Passage3:Trial: 审判Concern: 忧虑Dispute: 争论，反驳Tag: 标记Manifesto: 宣言Scorn: 轻视，藐视Toannoy: 激怒Depletion: 竭尽Schism: 分裂，分歧，不和Contradict: 反驳，否认Passage4:Demographer: 人口学家Plague: 灾难，灾祸Passage5:Anchor: 停泊，固定Mutability: 可变性，易变性，不定性1999:Passage1:Hold…liable for:认为。

历年考研真题重点词汇大总结1997年重点词汇阅读理解部分：1. parliamentary adj. 议会的2 .territory n. 领土, 版图, 地域3 incurably adv.治不好地, 不能矫正地4 convincing adj.令人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的5 flashed vi.闪光, 闪现, 反射, 使迅速6 pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到,随便地认识, 加速7 bulletin n.公告, 报告8 import n.进口货(常用复数), 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入9 sink in 被了解10 implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示11 bitterly adv.苦苦地, 悲痛的, 厉害的12 haste n.匆忙, 急忙13 turn back v.使停止往前, 往回走, 翻回到, 重新提到, 折转,挡住14 euthanasia n.安乐死15 dominoes 多米诺16 injection n.注射, 注射剂, (毛细血管等的)充血, (人造卫星, 宇宙飞船等的)射入轨道17 diagnose v.诊断18 terminally adv.末尾, 一定时期地19 resident n.居民 adj.居住的, 常驻的20 haunting adj.常浮现于脑海中的, 不易忘怀的21 spiritual adj.精神上的22 claw n.爪, 脚爪 v.抓23 consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地24 deserve vt.应受, 值得 v.应受25 dull adj.感觉或理解迟钝的, 无趣的, 呆滞的, 阴暗的vt.使迟钝, 使阴暗, 缓和vi.变迟钝, 减少26 loneliness n.孤独, 寂寞27 welcome n.欢迎 vt.欢迎 int.欢迎 adj.受欢迎的28 harsh adj.粗糙的, 荒芜的, 苛刻的, 刺耳的, 刺目的29 frontier n.国境, 边疆, 边境30 charitable adj.仁慈的, (为)慈善事业的,宽恕的31 impulse n.推动, 刺激, 冲动, 推动力 vt.推动32 weary adj.疲倦的, 厌倦的, 令人厌烦的, 疲劳 v.疲倦,厌倦, 厌烦33 hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情34 casual adj.偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的35 interpret v.解释, 说明, 口译, 通译, 认为是...的意思36 superficial adj.表面的, 肤浅的, 浅薄的37 artificial adj.人造的, 假的, 非原产地的38 historically 在历史上, 从历史观点上说39 complex adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的 n.联合体40 assumption n.假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态41 interrelationship 相互关系[联系, 影响], 干扰42 fail to 未能...43 draw v.拉, 曳, 牵, 画, 绘制, 拖曳vt.汲取, 领取, 提取, 引起, 吸引vi.向...移动, 挨近n.平局, 和局, 拖曳翻译部分：1.monetary adj.货币的, 金钱的2.precise adj.精确的, 准确的 n.精确3.inflation n.胀大, 夸张, 通货膨胀, (物价)暴涨4.have any effect on 对…有影响5.analogy n.类似, 类推6.steering n.操纵, 掌舵, 指导7.disadvantages n.不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势8.boast n.自夸, 值得夸耀的事物 v.自夸, 以有...而自豪9.average n.平均, 平均水平, 平均数, 海损adj.一般的, 通常的, 平均的vt.平均为, 均分, 使平衡, 达到平均水平vi.买进, 卖出10.digit n.阿拉伯数字, 手指或足趾, 一指宽(约四分之三英寸)11.forecasters n.预报员12.panel n.面板, 嵌板, 仪表板, 座谈小组, 全体陪审员 vt.嵌镶板13.consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地14.favourable adj.赞成的, 称许的, 有利的, 顺利的n.有利15.conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的16.slack n.松弛, 静止, 淡季, 闲散, 家常裤adj.松弛的, 不流畅的, 疏忽的, 软弱的, 漏水的, 呆滞的, 懒散的 vi.松懈, 减弱, 松驰adv.马虎地, 缓慢地 vt.使松弛, 使缓慢, 马虎从事17.utilization n.利用18.take off v.拿掉, 取消, 脱衣, 起飞, 减弱, 离开,岔开, 复制19.proved 被证实的20.thrilling adj.毛骨悚然的, 颤动的, 发抖的21.defective adj.有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的 n.有缺陷的人, 不完全变化动词1998年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.capture n.捕获, 战利品 vt.俘获, 捕获, 夺取2.imagination n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉3.at the mercy of adv. 受...支配4.fascinated vt.使着迷, 使神魂颠倒 vi.入迷, 极度迷人的5.achievement n.成就, 功绩6.assert v.断言, 声称7.cement n.水泥, 接合剂 vt.接合, 用水泥涂, 巩固vi.粘牢8.intended adj.有意的, 故意的, 已经订婚的 n已经订婚者9.deprived adj.缺乏足够教育的；缺少食物的10.i n return adv.作为报答11.r eservoir n.水库, 蓄水池12.c ontention n.争夺, 争论, 争辩, 论点13.b idding for n.命令, 出价, 邀请14.d estruction n.破坏, 毁灭15.f ar from adv.远离, 远非, 远远不, 完全不, 非但不16.i mpact n.碰撞, 冲击, 冲突, 影响, 效果 vt.挤入,撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响17.c onflict n.斗争, 冲突 vi.抵触, 冲突18.h ydroelectric adj.水力电气的19.i rrigation n.灌溉, 冲洗20.m onster. n.怪物, 妖怪21.d ealing with prep.有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致,赞成, 关于, 就22.t ales n.[律]候补陪审员召集令23.r evival n.苏醒, 复兴, 复活, 再生效, 复苏24.p roductivity n.生产力25.r evolution n.革命, 旋转26.a ssume vt.假定, 设想, 采取, 呈现27.p residing adj.主持会议的, 指挥的28.s tatistics n.统计学, 统计表29.l ump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块30.o n average 平均起来31.a cceleration n.加速度32.d ue to adv.由于, 应归于33.r ebound n.回弹 v.回弹34.d isjunction n.分离, 分裂, 折断35.a necdote n.轶事, 奇闻36.r eflected adj.反射的,得自他人的37.c ontribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿38.b e intended to 为了39.p rofitable adj.有利可图的40.s witch to v.切换到，转到, 转变成41.s peculative adj.投机的42.i neptly adv.不适当地, 无能地43.c hief executive 总裁44.r evenue n.收入, 国家的收入, 税收45.f ar too many 太多的46.c hop out 降低47.b lunt adj. 直率的48.c onsultant n.顾问, 商议者, 咨询者49.s chism n.(政治组织等的)分裂, 教派50.h umanities 人文学科51.c ommunity n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致,共同体, (生物)群落52.a ttack n.进攻, 攻击, (用语言)抨击, 批评, 疾病发作,侵袭vt.攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事)vi.攻击53.c oncerns vt.涉及, 关系到 n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是54.a ssemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配 vi.集合55.f ind fault v.挑剔56.a cademics adj.学院的, 理论的57.o bjectivity n.客观性, 客观现实58.c oncern with v.使关心59.c ontradict vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触60.d ispute v.争论, 辩论, 怀疑, 抗拒, 阻止, 争夺(土地,胜利等)n.争论, 辩论, 争吵61.m anifesto n.宣言, 声明62.s corn n.轻蔑, 嘲笑, 被叱责的人 vt.轻蔑, 不屑做63.l ong for v.渴望64.p retechnological 技术时代65.d epletion n.损耗66.e pithet n.绰号, 称号67.l ump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动 vi.结块68.e nlighten vt.启发, 启蒙, 教导, 授予...知识, 开导, <古>照耀69.e merge vi.显现, 浮现, 暴露, 形成, (由某种状态)脱出,(事实)显现出来70.c ensus n.人口普查71.s tandstill n.停止, 停顿72.i mplication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示73.e nthrone vt.立...为王, 使登基, 任为主教, 崇拜 vi.热心74.d ensely adv.浓密地, 浓厚地75.n umerically 用数字, 在数字上76.d epression n.沮丧, 消沉, 低气压, 低压77.m igrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙 vt.使移居, 使移植78.a ttribute to 归功于79.d emographer n.人口统计学家80.a pparently adv.显然地81.o vercrowdedness n. 拥挤地区82.s earch for 搜寻83.s pacious adj.广大的, 大规模的84.p lagues n.瘟疫, 麻烦, 苦恼, 灾祸 vt.折磨, 使苦恼, 使得灾祸85.a s a result adv.结果86.c onsiderably adv.相当地87.s catter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散88.i solate vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使绝缘, 离析 n.隔离种群89.g eologist n.地质学者90.v olcano n. 火山91.o n the contrary adv.正相反92.i nterior adj.内部的, 内的 n.内部93.m ilestones n.里程碑, 里程标, 重要事件, 转折点94.i nject into 把...注入95.c omplementary adj.补充的, 补足的96.r eminder n.提醒的人, 暗示97.i n detail adv.详细地98.r eadily adv.乐意地, 欣然, 容易地99.s tationary 固定的100.anchor n.锚 v.抛锚, 锚定101.confine vt.限制, 禁闭 n.界限, 边界102.frame n.结构, 体格帧,画面,框架vt.构成, 设计, 制定, 使适合, 陷害vi.<英方>有成功希望 n.帧,画面,框架103.geophysical adj.地球物理学的104.propel vt.推进, 驱使105.continental adj.大陆的, 大陆性的 n.欧洲人106.fissure n.裂缝, 裂沟, (思想, 观点等的)分歧 v.(使)裂开, (使)分裂107.initiate vt.开始, 发动, 传授 v.开始, 发起108.formation n.形成, 构成, 编队109.mutability n.易变性, 性情不定翻译部分：1.by far adv.到目前为止2.object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象 vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议vt.提出...来反对3.detect vt.察觉, 发觉, 侦查, 探测 v.发现4.strip vt.剥, 剥去 n.条, 带5.look into v.窥视, 浏览, 观察6.amazing adj.令人惊异的ndmark n.(航海)陆标, 地界标, 里程碑, 划时代的事8.in fact 实际上9.originate in 起源于10.put forward v.放出, 拿出, 提出, 推举出11.dominant adj.有统治权的, 占优势的, 支配的 adj.[生物] 显性的12.cosmos 宇宙13.burst into v.闯入, 开出, 突然出现14.submicroscopic adj.亚微观的15.outward adj.外面的, 外表的, 公开的, 向外的, 外出的adv.向外, 在外, 表面上n.外表, 周围世界16.condensing into 冷凝为17.galaxy n.星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东西18.astrophysicist n.天体物理学家19.inflationary adj.通货膨胀的, 通货膨胀倾向的20.propel vt.推进, 驱使21.antigravity n.[物]无重量22.plausible adj.似是而非的1999年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的, 粗暴的,粗略叙述的v.大体描述 adv.粗糙地2.doormat n.(放于门前的)擦鞋垫3.fail to 未能...wsuit n.诉讼(尤指非刑事案件)pensate v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬6.liable for 负责7.misfortune n.不幸, 灾祸8.anticipate vt.预期, 期望, 过早使用, 先人一着, 占先 v.预订, 预见, 可以预料9.stepladder n.活梯10.fall off v.下降, 跌落, 减少, 衰退, 离开11.appropriate adj.适当的12.interaction n.交互作用, 交感13.federal regulation 联邦政府规章14.manufacture vt.制造, 加工 n.制造, 制造业, 产品15.liability n.责任, 义务, 倾向, 债务, 负债, 与assets相对16.appear to 似乎17.side with defendant 站在被告一边18.paralyze vt.使瘫痪, 使麻痹19.helmet n.头盔, 钢盔20.at the same time 同时21.recommendation n.推荐, 介绍(信), 劝告, 建议22.substantial adj.坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充实的23.tort n.[律]民事侵权行为24.bombard vt. 炮轰；轰击25.trivialities n.琐事26.for the benefit of adv.为...的利益27.legal liability 法律责任28.revolve v.(使)旋转, 考虑, 循环出现29.tap n.轻打, 活栓, 水龙头vt.轻打, 轻敲, 敲打出, 开发, 分接, 使流出, 选择, 攻螺纹于vi.轻叩, 轻拍, 轻声走n.<美>(用复数)熄灯号30.prove to be 证明为31.make sense 使…有意义32.look for 寻找33.nonetheless adv.虽然如此, 但是34.hesitate v.犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿35.reliability n.可靠性36.senior adj.年长的, 资格较老的, 地位较高的, 高级的37.transaction n.办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务,处理事务38.access to 有权使用39.intranet 企业内部互联网merce n.商业41.available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的,接受探访的42.focus on 集中43.target n.目标, 对象, 靶子44.update v.使现代化, 修正, 校正, 更新 n.现代化,更新45.subscriber n.订户, 签署者, 捐献者46.customize v.[计] 定制, 用户化47.similar adj.相似的, 类似的48.special n.特派员, 专车, 专刊 adj.特别的, 特殊的,专门的, 专用的49.contempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬, [律]藐视法庭(或国会)50.thinks highly of 尊重51.distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫52.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望 vi.寻找, 勘探53.horrify v.使恐怖, 使极度厌恶, 惊骇54.inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的55.resort to 求助于56.strategies n.策略, 军略57.interactivity 交互性58.hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情59.security n.安全60.set up v.设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录),提出, 开业61.silicon n.[化]硅, 硅元素62.plunge n.跳进, 投入 vi.投入, 跳进, 陷入 vt.使投入, 使插入, 使陷入63.invisible adj.看不见的, 无形的64.on the behalf of 代表65.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望 vi.寻找, 勘探66.radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的 n.激进分子67.explore v.探险, 探测, 探究68.contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾69.aim at v.瞄准, 针对70.justify v.证明...是正当的71.conception n.观念, 概念72.assess vt.估定, 评定73.optimism n.乐观, 乐观主义74.forsake vt.放弃, 抛弃75.pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义76.betray vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象77.vocational adj.职业的78.emphasize vt.强调, 着重 v.强调79.make sure v.确定，确信,证实80.presumptuous adj.专横的81.pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速82.entirely adv.完全地, 全然地, 一概地83.in any case adv.无论如何plementary adj.补充的, 补足的85.vocational adj.职业的86.confusion n.混乱, 混淆87.startle v.震惊88.be opposite to 在...对面与...相反89.husbandry n.管理90.independent n.中立派, 无党派者 adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的91.recommendation n.中立派, 无党派者 adj.独立自主的,不受约束的92.feverishly adv.兴奋地93.legislation n.立法, 法律的制定(或通过)94.be used for 用来做...95.consensus n.一致同意, 多数人的意见, 舆论96.unacceptable adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的97.attempt to 试图，企图98.general n.普通, 将军, 概要 adj.一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的n.常规99.call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫100.nucleus n.核子101.in the air adv.在空中, 悬而未决, 在流传中, 不设防102.depend on v.依靠, 依赖103.supposedly adv.想像上, 按照推测104.gravity n.地心引力, 重力105.be curious about 对…好奇106.orbital adj.轨道的, 眼窝的107.consider vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为108.possibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物109.be ready for 做好了充分的准备110.impression n.印象, 感想, 盖印, 压痕111.substitute for 代替... 替换..., 取代..112.conference n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会113.advisability n.明智114.frown vi.皱眉, 蹙额, 不赞成, 反对 v.皱眉115.be shocked at 对…感到震惊116.speculate vi.推测, 思索, 做投机买卖117.amount to 总计，等于118.victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品119.consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地120.convince vt.使确信, 使信服121.carry out n.进位, 射程, 运载 vt.携带, 运送, 支持, 支撑, 传送, 意味vi.被携带, 能达到122.according to 依照，按照123.indicate vt.指出, 显示, 象征, 预示, 需要, 简要地说明124.measurable adj.可测量的125.reasonable adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的126.distract v.转移127.register n.记录, 登记簿, 登记, 注册, 寄存器vt.记录, 登记, 注册, 提示, 把...挂号vi.登记, 注册, 挂号128.regularity n.规律性, 规则性, 整齐, 匀称129.conformity n.一致, 符合130.desirable adj.值得要的, 合意的, 令人想要的, 悦人心意的131.be blamed for 被责备132.in favor of 赞成133.conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的翻译部分1.definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度2.conform to v.符合, 遵照3.attempt to 试图，企图4.significant adj.有意义的, 重大的, 重要的5.anew adv.重新, 再6.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散7.partial adj.部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的 n.泛音8.partisan n.游击队9.rever v. 崇尚10.affinity n.密切关系, 吸引力, 姻亲关系, 亲合力11.methodology n.方法学, 方法论12.refer to 参考，参照13.peculiar adj.奇特的, 罕见的, 特殊的 n.特有财产, 特权14.appropriate adj.适当的15.accuse of 因某事控告某人16.method n.方法17.victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品18.fallacy n.谬误, 谬论19.implementation n.执行20.equate vt.使相等, [数]视为平等 vi.等同2000年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分：1. effortless adj.容易的, 不费力气的2. handicap n.障碍, 阻碍, 障碍赛跑 v.妨碍, 使不利, 阻碍3. a driving force 动力4. a glowing period 增长时期，发展时期5. unparalleled adj.无比的, 无双的, 空前的6. scale n.刻度,衡量,比例,数值范围,比例尺,天平,等级vt.依比例决定,攀登,测量7. inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的8. predominance n.优势9. at a loss 困惑10. fading n.褪色,枯萎,衰退11. textile n.纺织品 adj.纺织的12. sweep into 涌入13. on the rope (爬山者)用绳相互系在一起14. semiconductor n.[物] 半导体15. at the heart of 关键16. casualty n.伤亡17. prosperity n.繁荣18. sensational adj.使人感动的, 非常好的19. look back on 回忆20. struggling adj.奋斗的, 努力的, 苦斗的21. devalued 减值的, 贬值的22. yield to 屈服, 让步23. on a diet 吃规定的饮食24. quick-witted 机智25. executive adj.实行的, 执行的, 行政的 n.执行者, 经理主管人员26. think tank n.智囊团27. drop to 下降到，跌到28. maturity n.成热, 完备, (票据)到期, 成熟29. universal adj.普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的30. mortality n.死亡率31. excess n.过度, 剩于, 无节制, 超过, 超额 adj.过度的, 额外的32. crucial adj.至关紧要的33. depend on 依赖，依靠34. kilogram n.[物]千克, 公斤35. variation n.变更, 变化, 变异, 变种, [音]变奏, 变调36. due to adv.由于, 应归于37. suicide n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为38 . fertile adj.肥沃的, 富饶的, 能繁殖的39. religious adj.信奉宗教的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的，严格的 n.僧侣, 尼姑, 修道士40. offspring n.(单复数同形)儿女, 子孙, 后代, 产物41. take advantage of 利用42. diminish v.(使)减少, (使)变小43. tribal adj.部落的, 种族的44. mediocrity n.平常, 平庸之才45. biological adj.生物学的46. utopia n.乌托邦, 理想的完美境界, 空想的社会改良计划47. physical adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的 n.体格检查48. transform vt.转换, 改变, 改造, 使...变形 vi.改变, 转化, 变换n.[数]变换(式), [语]转换49 . ignorant of 不懂, 不知道50. organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的, 建制的51. beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边 adv.在远处 n.远处52. comprehension n.理解, 包含53. descendant n.子孙, 后裔, 后代54. find out v.找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发55. advocate n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹56. aim at v.瞄准, 针对57. farfetched adj.牵强的58. be regarded as 视为59. with regard to adv.关于60. case n.事, 病例, 案例, 情形, 场合, 讼案, 容器, (语法)格61. literature n.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献62. in brief 简单扼要地63. consequently adv.从而, 因此64. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受65. require vt.需要, 要求, 命令66. pour out v.诉说, 倾吐67. unhampered adj.无妨碍的，无阻碍的68. make up v.弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆，补足,拼凑69. imitate vt.模仿, 仿效, 仿制, 仿造 v.模仿70. at will adv.随意, 任意71. confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的72. upsetting adj.令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的73. proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题74. call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫75. essentially adv.本质上, 本来76. aimlessness adj.无目的的, 没有目标的77. envy n.vt.羡慕, 嫉妒78. male-dominated 男性主宰的79. questioning 质问80. sacrifice n.牺牲, 献身, 祭品, 供奉 v.牺牲, 献出, 献祭, 供奉81. rigid adj.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的82. in addition n.加, 加起来, 增加物, 增加, 加法83. emphasis on 强调84. mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的, 机械似的, 呆板的85. show up v.揭露, 露出, 露面86. test n.测试, 试验, 检验 v.测试, 试验, 检验87. committee n.委员会88. frustration n.挫败, 挫折, 受挫89. drop out v.不参与, 离去, 放弃90. incident n.事件, 事变 adj.附带的, 易于发生的91. violence n.猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴92. assault n.攻击, 袭击 v.袭击93. outcry n.大声疾呼94. conservative adj.保守的, 守旧的 n.保守派95. emphasis n.强调, 重点96. minister n.部长, 大臣97. raise eyebrow 质疑地98. have more to do with 与…有关99. centralization n.集中, 中央集权化100. isolated adj.隔离的,孤立的, 单独101. commute v.交换, 抵偿, 减刑, <电工>整流102. crowded adj.拥挤的, 塞满的103. distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫104. destiny n.命运, 定数105. vitality n.活力, 生命力, 生动性106. admired v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕107. in an odd way 奇怪的是108. hypocrisy n.伪善109. barn n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房110. in demand 需求111. decade n.十年, 十112. confess v.承认, 坦白, 忏悔113. pushing adj.有进取心的, 有冲劲的, 急切的114. acquisitive adj.想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的115. vulgar adj.粗俗的, 庸俗的, 普通的, 通俗的, 本土的 n.<古>平民, 百姓116. materialism n.唯物主义117. radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的 n.激进分子118. journalist n.新闻记者, 从事新闻杂志业的人119. advocating n.提倡者, 鼓吹者 vt.提倡, 鼓吹120. participatory adj.供人分享的121. exceptional adj.例外的, 异常的122. formulation n.用公式表示, 明确地表达, 作简洁陈述123. at all costs adv.( =at any cost)不惜任何代价, 无论如何124. public n.公众, (特定的)人群, 公共场所adj.公众的, 公共的, 公立的, 公用的125. unimpressive adj.不令人信服的, 无印象的, 印象淡薄的126. as a result adv.结果127. admired v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕128. fixed adj.固定的, 确定的, 准备好的, 固执的, 不易发挥的,<美口>(在经济上)处境...的129. stirring adj.激动人心的, 活跃的, 忙碌的130. prompting n.促进, 激励, 提示131. profess v.表示132. get on v.生活, 融洽相处, 进展, (使)前进, <口> 赶快, 发迹, 进展翻译部分1. act on v.对...起作用, 按...行动, 作用于2. welfare n.福利, 安宁, 幸福, 福利事业, 社会安全 adj.福利的3. be bound up with 密切相关4. rest upon 依赖于5. secor 距离连续校正6. step up v.走近, 逐步增加, 提升, 提高7. utilize vt.利用8. the best advantage 最大利益9. interfere vi.干涉, 干预, 妨碍, 打扰10. in any case adv.无论如何11. manpower n.人力12. remarkable adj.不平常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的, 显著的13. be exposed to 遭受, 暴露于...14. innovation n.改革, 创新15. industrialized adj.工业化的16. pattern n.模范, 式样, 模式, 样品, 格调, 图案 vt.模仿, 仿造, 以图案装饰vi.形成图案17. spread n.伸展, 展开, 传播, 蔓延, 酒席, 宴会, 桌布v.伸展, 展开, 铺, 涂, 敷, 摆, 传播, 散布18. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受19. concern vt.涉及, 关系到 n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是20. appropriate adj.适当的21. put them into effect 付诸实施2001年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分1. specialization n.特殊化, 专门化, 特化作用2. response to 回答，反应，响应3. accumulation n.积聚, 堆积物4. split up 分裂5. no clear-cut distinction 没有绝对的区别6. amateur n.业余爱好者, 业余艺术家7. connotation n.含蓄, 储蓄的东西(词、语等), 内涵8. integrate into 融入到……中去9. community n.公社、团体、社会10. in particular 特别是11. consequent adj.作为结果的, 随之发生的12. imply vt.暗示, 意味13. participation in 参与14. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解, 加插图于, 阐明15. in terms of 根据16. geology n.地质学, 地质概况17. definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度18. acceptable to adj.可接受的, 合意的19. incorporate adj.合并的, 一体化的 vt.合并, 组成公司20. make entrance to 接近21. be reinforced by 加强22. refereeing n.仲裁人, , [体]裁判员 v.仲裁,23. underway adj.起步的,进行中的, 航行中的24. be reckoned as vt.计算, 估计,25. a great deal of 大量26. in the interest of 对……有利27. universalize access 普遍可以获得28. digital divide 数字鸿沟29. impoverished adj.穷困的, 无力的,用尽了的30. sovereignty n.君主, 主权, 主权国家31. distrust vt./n.不信任32. credibility n.可信性33. turn out to be 结果是34. factual adj.事实的, 实际的35. combine with v.与... ...结合36. head-scratching 令人头痛的37. puzzlement n.迷惑38. plug vt.堵, 插栓 n.塞子, 插头, 插销39. conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的40. narrative adj.叙述性的 n.叙述41. disconnect v.拆开, 分离, 断开42. resident n.居民 adj.居住的, 常驻的43. community n.团体, 共有, 一致, 共同体,44. at random 随意的45. maid n.少女, 女仆46. put down root 扎根47. elite n.<法>[集合名词]精华, 中坚分子48. root in 扎根于49. clash n.冲突, 撞击声,50. sponsor n.发起人, vt.发起, v.赞助51. symposium n.讨论会, 座谈会52. be dedicated to adj.专注的, 献身的53. diversity n.差异, 多样性54. there's no question that 毫无疑问55. multinational corporation 跨国公司56. account for v.说明, 占, 解决, 得分57. affiliate v.(使...)加入, 接受为会员58. underlie vt.位于...之下, 成为...的基础59. scanty adj.缺乏的, ,俭省的,60. be broken up 坏掉的61. watch n.注视，手表62. supervise v.监视，监督63. lender n.出借人, 贷方64. gigantic adj.巨人般的, 巨大的65. take upon 承担66. lateral n.侧部, adj.横(向)的, 侧面的67. profile n.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓68. in the manner of 以... ...方式69. disgraced n.耻辱, 丢脸的人(或事) v.玷污70. passionate adj.充满热情的71. advocate n.提倡者 vt.提倡,72. preach v.鼓吹73. resignation n.辞职, 辞职书, 放弃,74. doctrine n.教条, 学说75. voluntary simplicity 自愿简朴76. breed v.(使)繁殖, 教养, n.品种,77. cling-film 薄膜78. dropping out n.滴下, 滴下物, 空投,79. redundancy n.裁员翻译部分：1. offend v.犯罪, 冒犯, ,得罪,2. equip with 装备3. personality n.个性, ,人物,4. futurologist n.未来学家5. dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地6. piece together 拼凑在一起7. pick up 偶然碰到8. integration n.综合9. synthetic adj.合成的, 人造的,10. appliance n.用具, 器具11. kitchen-rage 厨房狂躁症2002年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分：1. indentify v.确定，证明2. relevant to 有关的，相应的3. in sympathy with 同情4. depend on 依赖，依靠5. refer to v.查阅, 提到, 谈到,6. secretary n.秘书, 书记, 部长,7. alternatively adv.做为选择, 二者择一地8. addressing 寻址, 选择, 选址9. comment on 评论10. convention n.大会, 协定, 习俗,11. arrive in 到达12. show around 参观13. accommodation n.住处, 膳宿14. push aside 把. . . . . .推开,避开15. stomp n.跺脚16. position n.位置17. common to 共同的，公共的，公用的18. appropriate adj.适当的19. inedible adj.不适于食用的,20. notorious adj.声名狼籍的21. resent v.愤恨, 怨恨22. disparaging adj.蔑视的, 毁谤的,23. scapegoat n.替罪羊24. off-the-cuff 即兴的25. familiar adj.熟悉的, n.密友,26. exaggeration n.夸张, 夸大之词27. understandment n.理解28. pick out 挑选29. inject vt.注射, 注入30. ingenuity n.机灵, 独创性, 精巧,31. cope with 对付，应对32. burdensome adj.繁重的, 烦累的,33. result in 导致34. confer n.商讨，授予35. version n.译文, 译本,36. as a result 结果是37. gizmos n.小发明38. universal adj.普遍的, 通用的, 宇宙的,39. hum to v.嗡嗡叫, 哼40. assembly n.集合, 装配,41. automated adj.自动化的42. terminal n. 终端, adj.末期, 每期的,43. control v.控制44. miniaturization n.小型化45. submillimeter n.微米46. supervision n.监督, 管理47. at least 至少48. interact vi.互相作用, 互相影响49. despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论50. initial adj.最初的, 词首的, n.词首大写字母51. in attempting to 企图52. a fraction of n.小部分, 片断, 分数53. irrelevant adj.不相关的54. instantaneous adj.瞬间的, 即刻的,55. suspicious adj.(～ of) 可疑的, 怀疑的56. neuroscientist n.神经科学家57. return vi.归还58. jump vi.跳跃，上涨59. scary adj.引起惊慌的60. quadruple adj.四倍的, 四重的, n.四倍61. suspend vt.吊, 悬挂v.延缓62. consequence n.结果, [逻]推理, 因果关系,63. severe adj.严厉的, 剧烈的, 严重的,64. effect n.结果, 影响, vt.招致,达到(目的等)65. sensitive to adj.敏感的, 灵敏的, 感光的66. conservation n.保存, 保持, 守恒67. intensive adj.强烈的,68. consumption n.消费, 消费量, 肺病69. consultancy n. -cies 顾问（工作）70. estimate v.估计, 估价, 评估71. compared with 相比72. commodity n.日用品73. supreme adj.极度的, 极大的, 最高的74. implicaton n.暗示75. constitutional adj.构成的, 宪法的,76. intend vt.想要,意指,77. foresee vt.预见, 预知78. permissible adj.可允许的,79. justify v.证明...是正当的80. morphine n.吗啡81. principle n.法则, 原则, 原理82. mediation n.仲裁, 调停, 调解83. maintain vt.维持, 供养, 主张84. prescribe v.指示, 规定, 处(方),85. legitimate adj.合法的, 合理的, v.合法86. homicide n.谋杀87. community n. 团体,共同体, 共有, 共同体,88. acknowledge vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿89. prolonged vt.延长, 拖延90. ineffectual adj.无效的, 不成功的91. hospice n.旅客住宿处, 收容所,92. therapy n.治疗93. to the extent that 大意是说94. systematic adj.系统的, 体系的95. presumptively adv.假设地96. incompentently adv.不合格地翻译部分：1. major adj.主修的, 成年的,2. behavior n.举止, 行为3. similar adj.相似的, 类似的4. discard vt.丢弃, 抛弃5. remain vi.保持, 逗留, 剩余,6. obscure adj.暗的, 模糊的,7. interaction n.交互作用, 交感8. prescientific adj.科学以前的,9. entrench v.以壕沟防护10. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解,11. responsibility n.责任, 职责2003年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分:1. spymaster n.间谍组织的首脑2. lay the root for 打下基础3. be fascinated with 着迷4. believe in 相信5. espionage n.间谍, 侦探6. reshape vt.改造, 再成形,7. vocation n.召唤, 职业8. electronic adj.电子的9. decade n.十年, 十10. point-and-click 点击11. intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能12. increasingly adv.日益, 愈加13. influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的14. compile vt.编译, 编辑, 汇编15. by a large margin 大幅度16. advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益17. mastery n.掌握18. private adj.私人的, 私有的,19. corporation n.[律]社团, 法人,20. prediction n.预言, 预报21. mutually adv.互相地, 互助22. distribution n.分配,23. vacum up 清空24. predict v.预知, 预言, 预报25. sign-up 登记26. staff n.棒, 全体职员, vt.供给人员,27. back-and-forthing 来来回回28. dramatic adj.戏剧性的, 生动的29. declaration n.宣布, 宣言,30. take pride in 骄傲31. independent n.中立派, adj.独立自主的,32. paraphrase n.短语,措词33. triumph n.胜利, 成功 v.获得胜利34. misguide vt.误导35. seek to v.寻找, 探索,36. biomedical adj.生物(学和)医学的37. rull out 排除38. advocate n.提倡者, vt.提倡,39. advance in n.前进, v., 预付adj.前面的40. allegation n.主张，断言, 辩解41. cruelty to n.残忍, 残酷42. perplexed adj.困惑的, 不知所措的43. deliberately adv.故意地44. staffing 安置职工45. fair adj.美丽的, (头发)金黄的,公平的, (天气)晴朗的46. distributing v.分配,分发,分布47. encourage vt.鼓励, 怂恿48. immunization n.使免除, 使免疫49. vaccine adj.疫苗的, n.疫苗50. epidemic adj.流行的, n.时疫,51. compassionate adj.富于同情心的52. molecular adj.[化]分子的, 由分子组成的53. make clear 弄清楚54. connection between 联系55. hip n., 忧郁 adj.熟悉内情的56. at best adj.最好的 adv.最好地。

abolish 废除abstract 抽象的acclaim 欢呼称赞acre 英亩addict 沉溺不良嗜好的人aesthe c 高雅的alert 警惕allocate 分配ambiguous 模棱两可的amid 在中间amplify 增强anecdote 轶事an cipate 预料，提前行动appe te 胃口欲望applaud 称赞appropriate 合适的arrogant 傲慢的assault 攻击auc on 拍卖avia on 航空away 远离awful 极度的bacon 培根band 带bang 乐趣bankrupt 破产bend 弯曲beneath 在下边betray 背叛泄露beverage 饮料bind 捆绑biography 传记blunt 钝blur 玷污使模糊bold 大胆的bo le 瓶子装瓶brain 大脑breadth 宽度breakfast 早餐brick 砖块brim 边缘brown 棕色brutal 残忍的bullet 子弹bureau 局butcher 屠夫camp 营地cap 限额capitalism 资本主义cargo 货物carpet 地毯carrier 搬运人cart 运货马车ceiling 最高限额chancellor 大臣法官chill 寒冷classical 古典的climb 爬clinic 诊所clue 线索coali on 结合coincidence 巧合一致colony 殖民地commemorate 作为纪念commodity 商品commute 上下班路程comparable 可比较的compel 迫使compensate 补偿compile 编写comply 服从comprehension 理解力comprise 组成compulsory 必须做的confine 界限comform 随大流consequence 结果cons tute 组成constrain 限制consultant 顾问contemplate 周密考虑contemporary 当代的content 满意的context 背景contract 合同convenient 便利的conven on 大会converge 聚集conversely 相反地cope 妥善处理corner 角落corpora on 大公司correlate 相互影响correspond 相一致co on 棉花couch 沙发council 委员会counterpart 称职的人creep 爬行crucial 决定性的cue 暗示cul vate 耕种cunning 巧妙的cup 奖杯curb 抑制currency 货币curriculum 大纲cyberspace 网络空间dealer 商人dean 院长defendant 被告deficiency 缺乏deliver 递送发表democracy 民主departure 离开depict 描写depress 降低抑郁deprive 剥夺derive 起源于despair 绝望despise 鄙视detach 挣脱determine 查明决定diabetes 糖尿病dictate 命令dilemma 两难的境地dioxide 二氧化碳dip 浸泡disappoint 失望disaster 灾难discern 看出discipline 纪律处罚disgrace 丢脸disguise 伪装dispute 争论distort 曲解district 地区diverse 多样的diversion 使转移视线事物domain 领域doom 厄运drain 消耗dras c 极端的duplicate 累赘echo 回声elegant 优美的eligible 合格的elite 社会精英embarrass 使尴尬embody 具体表现embrace 包含emigrate 移居海外emphasize 强调empirical 以实验为依据endure 持久epidemic 传染病episode 一段经历epoch 时代era 时代erupt 爆发estate 住宅区工业区es mate 估计esteem 尊重evade 逃脱evil 邪恶evoke 引起evolve 进化exact 精确的excel 擅长excessive 过度的exchange 交流execu ve 行政主管exempt 免除exert 运用expire 失效届满explicit 直言的explosion 激增extent 范围external 外界的ex nct 灭绝的extravagant 奢侈的fabric 布料结构feasible 可行的federal 联邦制的fiber 纤维织品fierce 激烈的flight 航班飞行foremost 最重要的forest 森林formula 方案forth 向前forthcoming 即将发生的fragile 易损坏的脆弱的frame 架构frank 直率的坦白的fraud 诈骗freeze 使结冰frustrate 挫败furnish 提供furthermore 而且fuse 融合gamble 赌博gender 性别gram/gramme 克grateful 感激的grieve 悲痛hail 冰雹来自某地将誉为handful 少数harbor 海港避难所怀有某种感情harsh 苛刻的hence 因此historian 历史学家hitherto 到目前为止humanity 人性人文科学hygiene 卫生保健学hypothesis 假说ideal 理想的iden cal 难以分辨的illiterate 文盲illusion 错觉illustrate 图表说明imitate 模仿immense 巨大的immerse 使人陷入immigrant 移民impa ent 不耐烦的implement 执行imply 暗示impose 强制推行impulse 冲动incen ve 激励incline 倾斜indeed 真正地indifferent 不关心的indulge 放任iner a 惯性inevitable 不可避免的infant 婴儿infer 推测infrastructure 基础设施ingredient 因素inhabit 居住inherent 固有的inherit 继承遗传inject 注射投入inner 里面的instance 实例integrity 完好intend 计划intense 紧张的interact 相互反应沟通合作interfere 干涉介入intermi ent 间歇的intervene 干预in mate 亲密的intrinsic 内在的invent 发明编造invert 翻转invest 投资irony 讽刺journal 刊物日志jury 陪审团裁判委员会keen 渴望的labor 劳动工人layer 层次leak 泄露lean 依靠瘦的lest 唯恐liable 负有责任的liberal 开明的likelihood 可能性lo ery 彩票loyal 忠心的luxury 奢侈品manifest 表明manual 手工的margin 利润masculine 男性的mature 成熟的mend 修理mental 精神的mercy 仁慈military 军事的miserable 痛苦的mock 嘲弄moderate 缓和modest 谦虚的molecule 分子monitor 监督员monopoly 垄断专利moral 道德上的mortal 终将死亡的mostly 基本上mourn 忧伤mute 减弱nego ate 谈判neutral 中性的nevertheless 仍然nitrogen 氮noble 高尚的nonsense 胡扯no on 观念nowhere 任何地方都不object 物品objec on 反对objec ve 客观的obscure 不明朗的obsession 痴迷obstacle 障碍occasional 偶尔的occupy 占用odd 单数的orient 确定方向overlook 看漏忽略overwhelm 制服parachute 空投paradise 天堂paradox 矛盾的人passion 强烈的情感patrol 巡查pave 铺砌peasant 农民perceive 察觉permeate 遍布perpetual 不间断的personnel 全体成员pessimis c 悲观的pioneer 先驱plausible 可信的plen ful 丰富的plug 填入poll 民意测验pork 猪肉por on 一部分portray 描绘posi ve 乐观的建设性的poten al 潜在的pray 请求precise 精确的preliminary 预备的preserve 保留维护prevalent 流行的privacy 隐私privilege 特殊利益produc vity 生产效率profile 姿态形象profound 深远的promising 有希望的prone 倾向于propel 推动property 财产propor on 份额proposal 建议proposi on 观点prosecute 起诉prosperity 繁荣provoke 激怒prudent 谨慎的pursue 追求pursuit 追求qualifica on 学历资格quality 质量quan ty 数量quota 限额radical 根本的rainbow 彩虹ra onal 理性的readily 乐意地realm 领域rebel 反抗reckless 鲁莽的reckon 认为recur 重现refer 提及查阅refuge 避难处regarding 关于regardless 不管reign 统治时期relay 中继转播reluctant 不情愿的renaissance 文艺复兴reputa on 名声resolute 坚决的respect 尊敬的respec ve 分别的restrain 制止resume 简历re re 辞职retreat 逃避reverse 彻底转变revolve 旋转reward 报酬赏金ribbon 丝带rigid 死板的ritual 仪式典礼rival 对手roman c 浪漫的rou ne 常规的ruby 红宝石rumor 传闻谣言ruthless 残酷的sacrifice 牺牲sacred 神圣的sanc on 约束sca er 散播分散scorn 轻视secure 稳固的保护sensi ve 体贴的sen ment 观点情绪servant 仆人session 会议setback 挫败se ng 背景shed 散发shelter 掩蔽处shield 保护shore 海滨shout 喊shove 乱塞shrink 收缩shrug 不理会signature 明显特征silicon 硅silver 银色的singular 单一的sink 下沉sip 小口喝situa on 形势skip 跳过slice 薄片slim 苗条的slip 滑倒slogan 口号slot 狭缝snap 匆忙的so-called 所谓的号称的sole 唯一的somehow 以某种方式somewhat 一点儿somewhere 某处sophis cated 巧妙的soup 汤speed 速度花费spin 旋转spiral 螺旋升降spoil 损坏spouse 配偶spray 喷雾sta s cal 统计的stem 起源于steward 管理员s ck 粘贴固定stock 库存股票straigh orward 直率的strategy 战略stretch 延续striking 令人惊讶的strive 奋斗stuff 原料subsequent 随后的subsidy 补助金substance 物质subtle 微妙的suburb 郊区suit 诉讼summit 顶点superior 上级supply 供应存货suppress 抑制压制surpass 优于surplus 过剩的survey 调查民意测验sustain 维持symptom 不良征兆tac c 策略tease 戏弄tempta on 诱惑tension 紧张tex le 纺织品therapy 治疗thereby 因此thesis 论题de 潮流ght 紧的 p 实用小建议toll 损失tongue 语言tough 困难的trail 痕迹transac on 交易transform 改观trial 尝试triangle 三角trigger 触发troop 军队tropical 热带的trumpet 大声鼓吹tuck 塞进twist 扭曲underes mate 低估undermine 暗中破坏unique 唯一的upon 在…上urgent 紧急的vaccine 疫苗vain 徒劳的valid 有法律效力的variable 易变的varia on 变化变异vast 大量的velocity 速度ven late 使公开引起讨论venture 冒险verdict 裁决virtue 美德vitamin 维生素vivid 逼真的voluntary 自愿的vulnerable 脆弱的wage 报酬ward 挡住weird 古怪的whereas 却反之widow 寡妇wipe 擦wire 用金属连接wit 智力。

这些单词在考研英语试卷里出现了十几年1、a bove / beyond:介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示"无法做到”，例如：“above comprehension"的意思是"无法理解”。

2、in the absence of something:"缺少，没有”，用于替代“in short of” 或者“be lacking in”。

3、b e absorbed in something: “专心从事”。

4、abuse:用在物品词后面表示“过量使用”，用在有生命的事物后面则表示 "虐待”。

5、have access to something:这个短语最常用的意思是“to havesomething that you can use”，就是“能够用到”，当然，要根据它后面接的单词来判断其中文含义，比如“have access to town”表示“有道路通往市区”，“have access to the teacher”则是“有条件向老师请教”，而“have access to the Internet” 则表示“有上网条件”。

6、accessible / available:形容词，中文的含义同上。

7、by accident:介词词组，属于副词用法，修饰动作，意思是“偶然”。

8、accommodate:英文解释为“to accept someone's opinions and try to do what they want, especially when their opinions or needs are different from yours” 或者“to get used to a new situation or to make yourself do this”，因此中文的意思是“接受;适应”。

9、account:名词，“解释，解说，叙述”。