汉译英-10复句的翻译
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3.这就是我正在寻找的那本字典。
(that, look for)This is the very dictionary that I’m looking for.定从19.好的鞋、衣服和背包是你去徒步旅行的必需品。
(basic, equipment, need for)Good shoes, clothes and a backpack are the basic equipment you need for your hiking.定从15.我们需要一个有活力的、能够真正地刺激成员更加努力工作的团队领导者。
(who)We need a dynamic team leader who can really motivate the members to work harder.定从20.不管你取得了多么大的进步,你也一定不能骄傲。
(be proud, whatever/ no matter what)You mustn’t be proud whate ver/ no matter what great progress you may have made.定从21.这些就是我们这样做的理由。
(why)These are the reasons why we do so.定从1.我们什么时候举行运动会仍然是个问题。
(when)When we shall have our sports meeting is still a question.主从2.信上说他们将在星期五离开。
(say, that)The letter says that they are leaving on Friday.宾从8.我们现在应该帮助任何需要帮助的人。
(favor, whoever)We should do a favor for whoever needs help at present.宾从10.令她惊讶的是,这个小女孩懂得如此多的事情。
汉语单句的英译按结构划分,汉语单句可分为主谓句和非主谓句。
由主谓词组构成的句子称为主谓句。
由单个词或主谓词组以外的词组构成的句子称为非主谓句。
一、主谓句的英译:对应的英语句型,有时也要按照英语的语言习惯进行适当的处理。
Activity One: 分析五个汉语主谓句(P.140)的类型,口译,并与P.308的译文对比,看它们转换成何种英语基本句型。
Activity Two: 分析三个汉语主谓句(PP.140-141)按照英语的语言习惯进行哪些调整。
(1)这(指白莽《孩儿塔》)是东方的微光,是林中的响箭,是冬末的萌芽,是进军的第一步,是对于前驱者的爱的大纛,也是对于摧残者的憎的丰碑。
(鲁迅《白莽作<孩儿塔>序》)This book is a glimmer in the east, an arrow whistling through the forest, a bud at the end of winter, the first step in the army’s advance, a banner oflove for the pioneers, a monument of hate for the despoilers. (Tr. YangXianyi & Glays Yang)(2)滥用职权严重地损害了党在人民群众中的形象。
Abuse of powerseriously damaged the Party’s image among the people.(3)自己酿的苦酒自己饮。
One must drink as one brews.二、汉语非主谓句的英译:除了句型基本对应的译法以外,要根据上下文进行增译、删减、但是,单部句由于受语境的影响较大,所以除了以上基本对应的译法之外,要根据上下文的语气和语境对译文进行增译、删减、合并等适当的处理。
Activity Three: 分析汉语非主谓句(P.141-142)的类型和英译时采用的手法。
复合句中译英1.如果玛丽明天好了,她就会去。
If Mary is all right tomorrow, she will go.2.做完作业后,我上床睡觉了。
I went to bed after I had finished my homework.3.王老师说他认识你。
Mr. Wang said he knew you.4.他说他会把留言放在那张桌子上。
He said that he would leave a message on the desk.5.我们很高兴你邀请我们。
We are glad that you have invited us.6.我对她说的话很感兴趣。
I’m interested in what she has said.7.你知道你父亲是否离开了吗?Do you know if your father has left?8.我没有问她在读什么。
I didn’t ask her what she was reading.9.昨天他没去上学,因为他病了。
He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill.10.我们应该学得像我们家长希望的那么好。
We must study so well as our parents hoped.11.玛丽比汤姆大。
Mary is older than Tom.12.电视剧结束后他上床睡觉。
He went to bed after the TV play was over.13.她在这个学校工作之前在哪里学习?Where did she study before she works in this school?14.自从她1987年来到这个小镇就一直在这所医院工作。
She has worked in this hospital since she came to this small town in 1987.15.我一到美国就会给你写信。
英译汉翻译方法介绍句子的翻译英译汉翻译方法介绍---句子的翻译一、分译和合译在翻译英语句子的时候,有时我们不改变或基本不改变句子的结构,但需要对原句作比较大的改变。
有两种常用的方法,一种叫分译,另一种叫合译。
所谓分译是指把一句话译成两句或两句以上。
合译则是指把两个相邻并且语义关系比较紧密的句子译成一句或是把原文的并列句或复合句译成简单句。
1、分译eg:1) Despite their differences, their love will conquer.尽管他们之间存在分歧,他们的恋爱一定会成功。
2) The rain having ruined my hat, I had to buy a new one.雨水把我的帽子淋坏了,我得买个新的。
3) I can hardly work with that noise going on. 那个声音响个不停,我几乎没法工作2、合译eg:1) It is New Year's Day. Go and see you father. 过年了,去看你爸爸吧。
2) He was very clean. His mind was open. 他为人单纯而坦率。
3) As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bank.他站在那里,看见两个人进了银行。
二、复合句分句顺序的改变在翻译英语主从复合句的时候,常常要改变分句的顺序。
这里有两个主要的原因。
1、不论简单句还是复合句,在扩展的时候,有两个方面问题。
如在以pen为中心次的短语my friend's pen中,扩展方向是左,在the pen of the friend of my aunt中,扩展方向是右。
如果我们以主句为中心,从句出现在主句前是向左扩展,如When you're ready, we'llleavefor Shanghai.如果从句出现在主句之后则是向右扩展,如We'll leave for Shanghai由于这汉语句子的扩展方向倾向于左。
汉译英讲议-10
复句的翻译
汉语属分析性语言,其句子一般来说较松散,短句较多;而英语属结构语言,句子较长,在进行汉英翻译时,要尽可能将汉语的短句串译成一句英语,这就是翻译的高级技巧。
请看下列例句:
门口放着一堆雨伞,少说也有12把,五颜六色,大小不一。
In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours.
我访问了一些地方,遇到了不少人,要谈起来,奇妙的事儿多着呢。
There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.
我有一个问题弄不懂,想请教你,你能回答吗?
Can you answer me a question which is puzzling me?
因为距离远,又缺乏交通工具,农村社会是与外界隔绝的。
这种隔绝状态,由于通讯工具不足,就变得更加严重了。
The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.
我们不知不觉朝公园走去。
公园就在人行桥那边,桥下很深的地方,汹涌的河水滚滚流过。
Somehow the path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling waters of the river.。