高一(14)名词性从句练习+阅读理解+完形填空

高一英语暑期复习材料（14）词汇复习Explore MKII 探测MKII行星MKII, a planet billion s of kilometers away, is the origin of life in many （宗教）. （物理学家）have proved the （理论）that its gentle（气候）and the pull of its gravity are similar to the earth’s. And （天文学家）have found that oxygen atom s and carbon dioxide, which are fundamental life, exist in its atmosphere through satellite s. Cheer ed by this news, biologist s, their turn, began to do some research to remove people’s （迷惑）—Now that there are some suitable conditions, does life really （存在）on this globe? Do they multiply by lay ing eggs or giving to babies?Last month, a spaceship was sent there. It’s a pity that this mission failed. U the earth, MKII is a much younger planet. （因此）, mass es of （有害的）acid clouds float everywhere causing violent chain reactions to （爆发）. These clouds not only block ed out the pilots’ sight but also damaged the engine （系统）. Luckily, the pilots watch ed carefully and the spaceship （阻止……）crash ing （及时）.名词性从句巩固名词性从句的概念及分类名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：从属连词：___ ____ ____ （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what、whatever、who 、whoever、whom 、whomever、whose 、which、whichever连接副词：__ ____ _____ _____ 等★不可省略的连词：1.介词后的连词 2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词名词性从句的重难点一、名词性从句的语序（语序）二、名词性从句引导词间的区别1、whether 与if的区别whether 与if均为“是否”的意思。

但在以下情况下，whether不能被if取代：⑴whether引导表语从句和同位语从句时⑵在主语从句中，若用it做形式主语，if / whether均可；否则，只用whetherEg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasn’t been decidedIt hasn’t been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.⑶引导介词后的宾语从句时⑷后面跟or not时⑸后面直接跟动词不定式时It all depends on they will support us.He doesn’t know to stay or not.Whether与if均可使用的情况⑴引导宾语从句⑵在be+adj.之后He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.2、what 与that的区别⑴that引导名词性从句，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；what是连接代词，在从句中充当成分作主语、宾语或表语。

除表明具体的内容外，还表……的时间、地点、人、速度等。

①made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.②----I think it’s going to be a big problem.----Yes, it could be.----I wonder we can do about it.A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.After seemed a long time, he managed to work out this problem.⑵介词后的宾语从句常用what引导，不用that引导。

但在介词besides, except, in后可用that引导宾语从句。

由it做形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略。

①Criticism and self- Criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes.②He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.③The suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.A. except forB. except thatC. except whenD. besides⑶what/ whatever---the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever可作前置定语)Please give me what books you have.You can write about whatever topic you prefer.3、wh-ever与no matter+ 疑问词的区别wh-ever既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句；而no matter+ 疑问词只可引导让步状语从句。

Whatever I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.= No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me. 从句He would believe whatever I said. 从句三、宾语从句的注意点⑴否定前移think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.⑵若主语的谓语动词是make, find, see 等，则把宾语从句置于宾补后，用it做形式主语.The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.See to it that children don’t catch cold.⑵that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略。

在宾语从句和it做形式主语的主语从句中可省略；但当有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。

She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.⑶固定用法：like it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般与if 或when 引导的从句连用。

I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.四、that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别that引导同位语从句时，that是连词，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact, hope, desire, thought等，对前面的名词起补充说明作用，它在从句中不充当任何成分，不能省略，；that引导定语从句时，that是关系代词，在从句中充当主、宾和表语。

The news that they had won the game arrived soon 从句The news that you told me yesterday is true. 从句解题指导1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。

2.连接词的特点：that没有意义，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；whether, if 表“是否”，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；what, which, how, where, when, whatever等，有各自的意义，在从句中担任成分。

3. that 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略；有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略；引导的宾语从句中含有从句时，也不省略。

4.介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语；某些动词enjoy, hate, have, like, love, appreciate, take也不能接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语。

如：You may rely on it that he will come on time.5. reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导。

6.doubt 在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether, if 引导；doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that 引导。

如：There is some doubt ___whether_______ he will come tomorrow.7. 与if相比较，whether 引导所有名词性从句，也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句，可以discuss, decide 后引导宾语从句，还可与or not 连用。

巩固练习：1._______ you have done might do harm to other people.2. I have no idea at all ______ they talked about in the next door room.3. _______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.4. Anyone _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.5. These photographs will show you ______ our village looks like.6. Can you make sure _______ Alice has put the gold ring?7. No one can be sure _______ man will look like in a million years.8. It worried Tracy a bit _______ her hair was turning grey.9. _______ you don’t like the singer is none of my business.10. ________ Bob said at the meeting astonished everybody present.11. My friends asked ______ I paid for the violin.12. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ______ he will do or think.13. _______ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.14. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _______ shares her interests.15. _______ we can’t get seems better than ________ we have.16. _______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.17. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.18. ________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.19. It was a matter of ________ would take the position.20. It has been proved ________ eating vegetables helps to protect you against serious illnesses.21. _______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.22. These wild flowers are so special _______ I would do _______ I can to save them.23. The reason ______ I have to go is ______ my mother is ill in bed.24. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.25. _______ is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the speaking competition.26. _______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.27. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.28. ______ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.29. We’re trying to figure out _______ quite a number of birds are dying out.30. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea _______ the party is to be held?31. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.32. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.33. The road is covered with snow. I can't understand ______ they insist on going by motor-bike.34. It hasn’t been decided _______ Betty will come. It all depends.35. The question is _______ the film is worth seeing.36. The news _______ Tom won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper.37. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.38. Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game.39. Danby left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon.40. The way Bruce did it was different from ______ we were used to.语法填空中名词性从句引导词的选择三步骤步骤一：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，或者表语，则考虑用连接代词；步骤二：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用连接副词；步骤三：如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，也不缺少状语，则考虑用从属连词。