ABB Taiwan Power Quality 电力品质

电能质量测试仪目录电能质量(Power Quality)，从普遍意义上讲是指优质供电，包括电压质量、电流质量、供电质量和用电质量。

其可以定义为：导致用电设备故障或不能正常工作的电压、电流或频率的偏差，其内容包括频率偏差、电压偏差、电压波动与闪变、三相不平衡、暂时或瞬态过电压、波形畸变（谐波）、电压暂降、中断、暂升以及供电连续性等。

在现代电力系统中，电压暂降和中断已成为最重要的电能质量问题。

电能质量的具体指标1．电网频率我国电力系统的标称频率为50Hz ，GB/T15945-1995《电能质量一电力系统频率允许偏差》中规定：电力系统正常频率偏差允许值为±0.2Hz，当系统容量较小时，偏差值可放宽到±0.5Hz，标准中没有说明系统容量大小的界限。

在《全国供用电规则》中规定"供电局供电频率的允许偏差：电网容量在300万千瓦及以上者为±0.2HZ；电网容量在300万千瓦以下者，为±0.5HZ。

实际运行中，从全国各大电力系统运行看都保持在不大于±0.1HZ范围内。

2．电压偏差GBl2325－90《电能质量一供电电压允许偏差》中规定：35kV及以上供电电压正负偏差的绝对值之和不超过额定电压的10%；10kV及以下三相供电电压允许偏差为额定电压的土7%；220V单相供电电压允许偏差为额定电压的+7%～10%。

3．三相电压不平衡GB/T15543-1995《电能质量一三相电压允许不平衡度》中规定：电力系统公共连接点正常电压不平衡度允许值为2%，短时不得超过4%。

标准还规定对每个用户电压不平衡度的一般限值为1.3%。

4．公用电网谐波GB/T14549--93《电能质量-公用电网谐波》中规定：6～220kV 各级公用电网电压(相电压)总谐波畸变率是0.38kV为5.0%，6～10kV为4.0%，35～66kV 为 3.0%，110kV为 2.0%；用户注入电网的谐波电流允许值应保证各级电网谐波电压在限值范围内，所以国标规定各级电网谐波源产生的电压总谐波畸变率是：0.38kV为2.6% ，6～10kV为2.2%，35~66kV为1.9%，110kV为1.5%。

Efficient customer service around the globeABB has a global network of services for railway providing the possibility to get tailor made and lifecycle services for rolling stock and infrastructure. ABB’s broad range of services consists of spare parts, maintenance, upgrades and retrofit, on and off customer site. A customized bundle of services is available based on the customer’s operating needs, on demand whenPower in the vehicleInnovative and leading-edge rolling stock technologiesSurge arrestersFor reliable protection against overvoltage of rolling stock & infrastructure in AC/DC systems SemiconductorsFor reliable and efficient switching in propulsion and auxiliary converters Low-voltage products and systemsA wide range of LV products are availablefor onboard applicationsTraction transformersFor roof, under floor or machine room installationsCompact convertersTraction converters with integrated auxiliary converters Traction motors and generators For various electric and dieselelectricrail vehiclesABB offers a broad portfolio of solutions and services for rolling stock including traction transformers, converters, motors and many other components. ABB innovative technologies serve in different types of rail application, ranging from freight through high-speed to suburban railways, metros and tramways.ABB works worldwide with leading vehicle manufacturers and transport operators.Bi-directionnal high-speed DC circuit breakers Suitable for EMUs, trams and metro applications Auxiliary converters and battery chargers For onboard power supplyTurbochargersIn compact construction, for diesel engines withan output of up to 3,200 kW4 ABB products & systems | Powering the railways in the USAPower to the lineEnergy-efficient and reliable infrastructure solutionsDry-type transformersVacuum cast coil dry-type transformers for a long lifetime and reliable performanceLiquid-filled transformersCompact and low-weight power and distribution transformers for various applications High-voltage switchgearIn modular construction, for all voltage levelsTraction substationsComplete traction power supply systems for main line and mass transit applications Static frequency convertersEnsure a reliable supply of single phase current for railway networks DC traction substation convertersTraction rectifiers and inverters for DC tractionsupplyABB specializes in the delivery of trackside traction power supply systems forboth mainline and mass transit applications. Building upon decades of market and manufacturing experience ABB is able to construct and install complete power supply and control systems for rail networks, offering a wide variety of innovative and reliable products for every aspect of rail infrastructure.Low-voltage switchgearIn modular construction, for reliable power distri-bution Medium-voltage switchgear and breakers Indoor and outdoor circuit breakers, air and gas insulated switchgear Medium-voltage modulesOutdoor factory assembled frame for all electricrailway single-/two-phase networkPowering the railways in the USA |ABB products & systems 5Power in the vehicleRolling stock traction solutions for optimized performanceHigh integrated traction packages for all rolling stock ABB is a global player and one of the very few independent suppliers of traction packages. This unique positioning and strong local presence in all major rail markets helps ABB to provide optimum solutions for vehicle manufacturers and train operators.Key advantages and customer’s benefits are :- one single interface to the supplier - total energy efficiency - low life-cycle cost- optimized dimensioning of components - fast commissioning and homologationFull service portfolio for rail customersA typical customer’s installed base may have beencommissioned up over a period of 40 years or more, and will reflect the different prevailing technologies during that period. ABB has hence developed a service portfolio to help customers face this challenge. Thanks to its vast knowledge base, ABB can provide service for rolling stock regardless of type or age. Work performed can range from routine diagnosis and maintenance to retrofitting, re-engineering and overhauls.As a long term partner, ABB has a proven track record of service packages with railway customers in which ABB commits to improve the equipment performance and reduce the operatinglife cycle costs.6 ABB solutions & services | Powering the railways in the USAPower to the lineInfrastructure solutions for more capacity and power stabilityNetwork management and SCADA systemsSCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) automation systems enable remote monitoring, control and operation of traction power as well as data acquisition for tractionsubstations. ABB SCADA system is the customer’s choice for mainline and urban transport systems worldwide, due to its proven reliability and flexibility.FACTS solutions for improved power qualityTrains taking power from the grid must be able to rely on the supply to be stable. Similarly, power quality in the grid must not be impaired, despite harmonic generation and unbalance between the phases of the load. Time as well as money can be saved by implementing FACTS (flexible AC transmission system) in existing systems rather than investing in new transmission or sub-transmission lines, and/or building new substations and feeding points.Adequate power quality can also be achieved with in-feed at lower voltages as it may be sufficient to feed a railway system at 132 kV rather than at 220 kV or even 400 kV, which enables a lower investment cost and in shorter time. FACTS for railways comprises SVC, SVC Light ® and Dynamic Energy Storage.Turnkey railway infrastructure solutionsABB offers a comprehensive range of AC traction substations for both 25 Hz and 60 Hz applications comprising single-or two-phase feeder substations and switching posts, autotransformer stations and substation automation (localcontrol and protection). For DC traction substations, ABB is also an experienced partner taking care of system integration suchas rectifier substations up to 3000 V DC.Powering the railways in the USA | ABB solutions & services 7Contact us© 2011 A B B . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e dABB Inc.ISI Rail NAM Headquarters 12040 Regency Parkway Cary, NC 27518ABB Inc.Dry-Type Rectifier Transformers 171 Industry Drive Bland, VA 24315ABB - TransformersInfrastructure and Rolling Stock 2135 Philpott RoadSouth Boston, VA 24592ABB Inc.Turbochargers11600 Miramar Parkway Miramar, FL 33035ABB Rolling Stock LV Products10300 blvd Henri-Bourassa OSt. Laurent, Montreal, Canada H4S 1N6Visit /railwayABB Inc.MV Breakers and Products 655 Century PointLake Mary, FL 32746-2137ABB - TRESTransformers Repair & Engineering Solutions 4350 Semple Avenue St. Louis, MO 63120ABB Inc.Substations & Power Quality 940 Main Campus Drive Raleigh, NC 27506ABB Inc.MV Protection Relays 4300 Coral Ridge Drive Coral Springs, FL 33065Baldor Electric Co.A member of the ABB Group 5711 R. S. Boreham, Jr. Str.Fort Smith, AK 72901。