摘要本实验选择电催化氧化处理对硝基苯酚废水技术为主要研究方向，采用三电极无隔膜为阳极，Ti 板为阴极，饱和氯化钾甘汞电极为参比电极，通过恒电流电解槽，以 Ti/PbO2电解对硝基苯酚的实验，具体以阴离子 ClO-、Cl-为对象，利用CHI660b电化学分析仪进行线性伏安扫描，通过比较电流密度随电极电位的不同变化，初步探讨了ClO-、Cl-对对硝基苯酚间接电氧化的作用。
电解含上述离子的对硝基苯酚水溶液，应用高效液相色谱仪采用外标法对对硝基苯酚进行定性定量分析，研究它们对对硝基苯酚间接电氧化降解效果的影响。
对有促进作用的离子考察降解效果最佳时离子的浓度,溶液的pH值与电解时间，考察各离子对对硝基苯酚转化和去除的影响。
电解有无上述离子的对硝基苯酚水溶液，应用高效液相色谱仪采用外标法对对硝基苯酚及其中间产物的浓度进行定性定量分析，提出对硝基苯酚降解的可能机理。
探讨加入Cl-后废水中真正起促进作用的离子是Cl-还是ClO-。
实验研究表明，Cl-对对硝基苯酚的降解能起到一定的促进作用，与相同条件下对硝基苯酚的直接电氧化相比降解率有明显提高。
且在[Cl-]= 0.75 mmol·L-1，pH=2时作用显著，含Cl-的对硝基苯酚溶液恒电流电解 2.5 h时降解率就达到了99.0%，去除率也达到了90.0%。
ClO-不能够促进低浓度对硝基苯酚的电氧化，但能够促进高浓度对硝基苯酚的电氧化，且在[ClO-]=0.75 mmol·L-1，pH=4时作用显著，含ClO-的对硝基苯酚溶液恒电流电解2.5 h时降解率达到了95.4%，去除率达到了79.6%。
两者反应历程与不加离子基本相同，只是动力学上控速步骤发生了改变。
因此，本课题的研究具有一定的理论创新意义，为电催化降解对硝基苯酚废水工艺提供了一定的理论依据。
关键词：对硝基苯酚；电催化氧化；间接电氧化；降解率；去除率AbstractThe experiment concerns electrocatalysts oxidation technology disposing p-nitrophenol polluted water. The p-nitrophenol is electrolyzed with constant electronic current in tri-electrode non-membrane electrolytic bath.With Ti/PbO2 taken as anode,Ti board as cathode,and saturated potassium chloride calomel electrode as reference, specific to anion ClO-, Cl-as the object, with CHI660b,the electronic chemistry paring the current concentration,changed with electrode potential,it is examined tentatively the function of anion ClO-、Cl-dealing with p-nitrophenol degradation of indirect electro-oxidation. Eletrolyzing the ionic above(liquid with p-nitrophenol)should use liquid chromatography to get the sample(p-nitrophenol and the products of degradation)analyzed with quantitive approach to observe the effect of individual ion on p-nitrophenol change and dissolving at different electrolysis time. It is researched the effect of the factors,such as concentration,electroanalysis timing, pH value and so on,on the declining rate of chemical oxygen removel rate and current coefficient of performance.Based on the research,the best technological condition has been worked out. It is Cl- or ClO- in the polluted water which promote the degradation of p-nitrophenol to some extent.The result shows that Cl- promote the degradation of p-nitrophenol to some extent;in another word,the direct ecletro-oxidation is better than degradation inthe same condition. And it has a significant effect,which is concentration of chloride ions in 0.75 mmol·L-1, pH = 2 . during constant current electrolysis 2.5 h degradation rate reached 99.0%, removal rate reached 90.0% . ClO-can not promote the low concentration of p-nitrophenol oxidation power, but high concentrations can promote the electrochemical oxidation of p-nitrophenol, and it has a significant effect,which is concentration of chloride ions in the [ClO-] = 0.75 mmol·L-1, pH = 4 .during constant current electrolysis 2.5 h degradation rate reached 95.4%, removal efficiency of 79.6%. It is proposed the electronic chemistry mechanism of phenol is the same with and without ionic.Therefore, This research is innovative for it offers theoretic reference for wastewater disposal technology——electrocatalysts degraded p-nitrophenol.Keywords: p-nitrophenol; electrocatalysts oxidation; indirect eletro-oxidation; degradation rate; removal rate前言课题研究的目的和意义环境问题是目前人类面临的严重挑战，而水污染问题又是其中最急需解决的问题之一。
