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特殊句式一、倒装1.完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前a.表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时b.Such置于句首时2.部分倒装只把谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前a.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首（注：only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装）b.否定词及表否定意义的介词短语等置于句首时六个重要的固定句型c.…so + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“…也是如此d.…neither(或nor) + be/助动词/情态动词+主语，“…也不这样”e.So + adj./adv….that…“如此…以至于…”f.Neither…, nor…，“…不…，…也不…”g.Not only…,but also…“不仅…而且…”h.Not until… “直到…才…”3.形式倒装形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。
它的特点是只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。
a.感叹句对名词（或中心词是名词）感叹时，用what引导；对形容词或副词感叹时，用how引导。
b.the more…,the more…句型c.whatever…/hower…引导的让步状语从句d.as, though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装形式的情况①表语的倒装②谓语动词的倒装③状语的倒装二、强调1.强调句型a.it is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子剩余成分所强调的可以是单词，短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。
被强调的成份可以是主语宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
b.一般疑问句的强调句型：is/was it + 被强调成分+ that/who + 其他成分c.特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was + it + that + 其他成分d.有时可用it might be…that…, it must have been…that…句型表示强调e.Not…until句型的强调句f.强调句型中的it与作形式主语的it可根据能否恢复原句来判断g.强调句型it is /was…that…; it is/was + 时间+ when/before从句; it is + 时间+since从句；it was not long…before…等句型的区别2.对谓语动词的强调It is/was …that…结构不能强调谓语动词，如果需要强调谓语动词，用助动词do, did 或does.三、反义疑问句1.陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句当must作“必须”讲时，其反义疑问部分用needn’t；当含有mustn’t 时，其反义疑问部分用must/may当must/may（might）表示推测，即must作“一定，准是”讲，may/might作“可能”讲时，可首先将句子改为“I am sure/guess that从句”，反义疑问部分的动词形式根据be sure/guess后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。
专题11 特殊句式【考向解读】特殊句式为高中阶段学生应该掌握的基础语法，在近年的高考试卷中，都会出现这方面的考查的试题。
尤其是省略句、强调句、倒装句、主谓一致、There be 句型、感叹句、祈使句等方面。
其中省略句、强调句、主谓一致是考查的重点。
具体掌握这些句式的结构、分析这些句式的构成是十分重要的。
除此之外，感叹句主要考查what和how的选取，倒装句主要考查其在高考书面表达中的应用。
所以在高考备考中，该部分内容仍需要重点掌握，以便有充分的能力应对高考。
【命题热点突破一】倒装句例1．【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouragedB. had they encouragedC. did they encourageD. they encouraged【答案】C【变式探究】(2015·高考天津卷，T3)Only when Lily walked into the office ________ that she had left the contract at home.A．she realized B．has she realizedC．she has realized D．did she realize解析：考查部分倒装。
句意：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
“only＋状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句用部分倒装语序。
由walked可知此处用一般过去时。
故选did she realize。
答案：D【举一反三】 (2015·高考江苏卷，T28)It might have saved me some trouble ________ the schedule.A．did I know B．have I knownC．do I know D．had I known解析：考查虚拟语气在倒装句式中的应用。
高级表达6 升华结尾万能句式情感升华：衔接语，主人公＋gradually/eventually/suddenly/...＋realized/learned/felt/...＋n./that从句表示"……，主人公渐渐/终于/突然/……意识到/明白/感到……"1.After this e v ent，he came to realize that while he had gi v en the dog a home， it had gi v en him something bigger — a second life.这件事发生后，他开始意识到，虽然他给了那只狗一个家，但它给了他更重要的东西——第二次生命。
2.At that moment， I truly understood the meaning of the saying that kindness brings about kindness.在那一刻，我真正理解了善有善报这句谚语的含义。
3.By showing kindness to others， the young boy gradually learned that he could make a positi v e impact on the world surrounding him.通过对他人友善，年轻男孩逐渐明白他可以对周围的世界产生积极的影响。
情感升华：衔接语，it struck/hit/occurred to/dawned on＋主人公＋that从句表示"……，主人公突然想到/逐渐明白……"4.Following that，it gradually dawned on me that the lo v e of my mother is priceless， which nothing can match.在那之后，我逐渐明白了母亲的爱是无价的，没有什么能与之相比。
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定语从句错误!单句语法填空1．(2018·广东七校联合体联考）This woman has set a good example to her son，____________is a really lucky guy.who解析:考查定语从句。
分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为her son,故用who。
2．(2018·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)Over the years, I have met some interesting people。
Two of the most interesting people were two elderly sisters，Joan and Bernice,____________way of talking about people inspired me.whose解析：考查定语从句。
whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，先行词为Joan and Bernice。
3．(2018·河南、河北七所名校联考）The shelter， ____________is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkok’s night market，has become an attraction itself。
规范练(三十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解AAccording to a legend，a young man while he was roaming the desert came across a spring of delicious and clear water。
The water was so sweet that he thought of his teacher’s love。
He filled his leather container so he could bring some back to a tribal elder, who had been his teacher，as a gift。
After a four。
day journey，he eventually presented the water to the old man who took a deep drink，smiled warmly and thanked his student sincerely for the sweet water。
The young man returned to his village with a happy heart.Some minutes later，the teacher let another student taste the water. He spat it out，saying it was awful. It apparently had become stale because of the old leather container.The student challenged his teacher: “Master，the water was smelly. Why did you pretend to like it?”The teacher replied, “You only tasted the water。
第六讲特殊句式主谓一致1．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.2．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Yangshuo (be) really beautiful.3．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)This cycle (go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night ...4．(2014·高考广东卷语法填空)We (tell) that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，but for the week after.5．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)My dream school look like a big garden.6．(2016·高考浙江卷短文改错)He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.倒装句7．(2016·高考江苏卷单选，34改编)Not until recentlythey encourage t he development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.8．(2015·高考天津卷单选，3改编)Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home.9．(2015·高考湖南卷单选，23改编)Only after talking to two students (我才发现)that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.10．(2014·高考陕西卷单选，17改编)No sooner(莫言一上台) than the audience broke into thunderous applause.省略句11．(2015·高考北京卷单选，31改编)If (accept) for the job，you'll be informed soon.12．(2015·高考湖南卷单选，24改编)Video games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the wrong hands.其他特殊句式13．(2016·高考天津卷单选，13改编)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.14．(2015·高考四川卷短文改错)How do you think I should do?15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.答案：1.is 2.is 3.goes 4.were told 5.look→looks6．was→were7.did 8.did 9.did I discover 10.had Moyan stepped on the stage 11.accepted 12.left 13.that 14.How→What 15.They→There1．牢记省略的两个命题点(1)状语从句的省略在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though，as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
(2)不定式的省略to在be afraid，glad，happy，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后边时，省略时常保留to。
2．铭记部分倒装的三个句式(1)具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时(除否定词修饰主语外)，句子一般要写成部分倒装句。
这类词或短语常见的有：never，seldom，hardly，by no means，in no way等。
(2)当so...that...，such...that...中的so...和such...放在句首时，句子一般要倒装。
(3)only修饰的状语放到句首，主句要形成部分倒装。
3．必记强调句两个句式及一个方法(1)陈述句的强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who(用于强调主语且主语指人时)＋其他部分。
(2)not...until...句型的强调句型为：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。
(3)判断强调句型的方法：如果把句中的It is/was和that/who去掉后，句子意思依然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；否则就不是。
4．巧记主谓一致的就远原则当用作主语的成分后面跟着由but，except，besides，including，like，with，as well as，as much as，along with，in addition to，rather than，together with等引出的短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致(即与比较远的那个主语保持一致)。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．John has not yet passed the driving test，and neitherHenry.2．There (come)the school bus.Hurry up!3．— was it he managed to solve the problem?—Oh，he turned to Professor Lee for advice.4．It was at the railway station I met Li Ming yesterday.5．Not only we forget to turn off the lights in the bedroom，but we also failed to lock the back door.6．Never it occur to him that he could be admitted to the famous university.7．He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat，butseemed to be no end to it.8．She must be helping the old woman to water the flowers，she?9．Every day (read)a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.10．Li Ming，don't forget to turn in your work plans before you leave the office， you?11．He has donated some money to those who live in poverty，which (be)of great help.12．No one in the department but Tom and I (know)that the director is going to resign.13．—How do you like the book?—Wonderful，and I as well as most of my classmates(be)quite interested in it.14．—Lydia，what did our headteacher say just now?—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who (be)to lead the group (be)asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning.15．In my opinion，he rather than you (be)to blame.16．More than one boy (like)to play basketball while many a girl (be)good at playing baseball.17．Only 60 percent of the work (do)yesterday.18．He is the only one of persons who (know)the secret so far.19．The Great Wall is one of the worldfamous buildings that(draw)lots of visitors.20．Large amounts of money (be)spent on the bridge，which was expected to be completed next month.答案：1.has es 3.How；that 4.that 5.did6．did 7.there 8.isn't 9.read 10.will 11.is12．knows 13.am 14.are；is 15.is 16.likes；is17．was done 18.has known 19.draw 20.wereⅡ.单句改错1．My father work in a factory and my mother is a teacher.We live a happy life together.2．Mr.Wang said that the job was important and we should try our best to do it.3．—Have you ever been to Hong Kong before?—Never to.4．No matter how frequently explaining，the maths problem could not be understood by some of the students.5．A hero as he is，the young PLA soldier remains to be modest.6．Nowhere else you find so many contented people.7．East of our city lie a very beautiful lake with a very moving story.8．Frank，with his two sisters，are leaving London by train next morning.9．The day before yesterday the police including one officer was searching for the murderer in that mountain.10．This is because two thirds of the earth's surface are made up of vast oceans.答案：1.work→works 2.and后加that 3.删除第二个to4．explaining→explained 5.删除句首的A，hero首字母大写6．you前加will 7.lie→lies8.are→is9.was→were10.are→isⅢ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
