世界截面库

一、概述随着现代科技的不断发展，世界上各种桥梁结构也在不断更新和改进。

其中，世界变截面连续刚构桥体系是一种新型的桥梁结构体系，其独特的设计理念和结构特点备受工程界的关注和推崇。

本文将就世界变截面连续刚构桥体系进行介绍，以期为相关领域的研究和实践提供参考。

二、世界变截面连续刚构桥体系的定义世界变截面连续刚构桥体系是指利用变截面连续梁来搭建桥梁的桥体系。

它通过在桥梁结构中采用不同截面尺寸的梁段，使得整个桥梁结构在承载荷载时能够实现力的合理传递和优化分配。

这种桥梁结构体系的设计理念在桥梁工程中具有重要的意义，可以有效提高桥梁的承载能力和安全性。

三、世界变截面连续刚构桥体系的特点1. 高效性：世界变截面连续刚构桥体系采用变截面连续梁作为主要承载结构，其结构设计和施工相对便捷高效。

2. 经济性：该体系在设计过程中能够根据实际需求合理配置梁段截面，在满足桥梁承载要求的前提下降低材料消耗和施工成本。

3. 安全性：由于该体系合理分配了梁段的截面和布置，整个桥梁结构在受力时可以实现合理的力的传递和分配，从而提高了桥梁的安全性和稳定性。

四、世界变截面连续刚构桥体系的应用领域世界变截面连续刚构桥体系适用于不同类型的桥梁工程，包括公路桥、高速铁路桥、城市轨道交通桥等。

其应用领域的广泛性使得其成为现代桥梁工程中备受重视的一种结构设计方案。

五、世界变截面连续刚构桥体系的工程实践世界变截面连续刚构桥体系已经在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用和推广，为各地区的桥梁工程提供了重要的技术支持和经验积累。

在我国，该桥体系也得到了积极的应用和推广，例如在高速铁路和特大桥工程中取得了显著的成就和效果。

六、结语世界变截面连续刚构桥体系作为一种新型的桥梁结构设计方案，其独特的设计理念和结构特点为现代桥梁工程带来了新的发展机遇和挑战。

我们期待着在未来的实践中，该桥体系能够在更多的桥梁工程中得到应用和推广，为人类交通基础设施的发展做出积极的贡献。

世界变截面连续刚构桥体系作为一种创新的桥梁结构设计方案，在实际工程应用中取得了显著的成就。

Tekla Structures软件常见问答(2005-12-5)以下内容皆假定软件版本为11.1中国环境，用户应根据实际情况确定自己的文件路径。

1、安装Tekla Structures过程中提示输入序列号怎么办,这是TS中计算模块要求的序列号，所以在安装模块选择时不要选择分析与设计模块就可以了。

2、软件启动时提示找不到密码a、可能原因:软件锁松动解决方法:拔下软件锁重新插紧b、可能原因:临时密码到期解决方法:用文本编辑器(如记事本、写字板)打开\TeklaStructures\11.1\nt\bin目录下xswrk.dat文件，确认有效期，该信息位于第一行末尾，如T1/05 代表有效期至2005年1月底，如确已到期，请与Tekla软件公司联系c、可能原因:安装软件时没有装软件锁的驱动程序解决方法:进入目录 \TeklaStructures\11.1\nt\dongle，运行SETUPX86.EXE，在对话框中点击下拉菜单Functions——Install Sentinel Driver，点OK即可。

d、系统日期被修改如果密码是临时密码，而系统日期被修改到有效期以后，就会出现密码过期的问题。

而且这一问题会被写入系统，所以即使将日期改回也无法解决。

因此使用临时密码时要非常注意这一问题。

万一发生，请于Tekla公司联系。

3、几个明明有碰撞的零件在运行“碰撞校核”命令时却被报告没有碰撞原因:这几个零件属于节点内的对象，而在选择时打开了“选择父对象”开关，导致零件没有实际被选中解决方法:选择时打开“选择节点中的目标”开关4、在图纸无法选中圆孔的中心原因:用零件切割或多边形切割得到的圆孔实际上都是多边形孔模拟的，所以没有实际的圆心解决方法:用开螺栓孔的方法开圆孔5、视图在渲染模式下表现很难看，画面支离破碎原因: Tekla Structures是基于OpenGL的软件，一些对OpenGL标准支持有问题的显卡在绘图时会出错解决方法:编辑\TeklaStructures\11.1\bat\environment目录下的china_env.bat文件(我们假定用户使用的是中国环境)，找到rem set XS_USE_SOFTWARE_RENDERING=TRUE将前面的rem去掉，重新启动软件即可16、渲染视图的背景是黑色的，但我们希望将其改为白色解决方法:编辑\TeklaStructures\11.1\bat\environment目录下的china_env.bat文件，找到rem set XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR=0.0 0.0 0.0，改为.0 重新启动软件即可 set XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR=1.0 1.0 17、明明在模型中搭建了梁、柱或是定位点，但是却看不见a、可能原因:视图使用了显示过滤解决方法:双击相应视图，点击“过滤”按钮，将过滤选项关闭b、可能原因:搭建的对象位于当前视图景深以外解决方法:双击相应视图，调大其显示深度 (我们强烈建议用户到相应标高或立面的视图上搭建对象，不要在其它视图面中进行)c、可能原因:搭建的对象位于工作区域以外解决方法:选中视图，右击鼠标，在菜单中选择“适合工作区域”8、图纸的白色背景如何改成黑色,编辑\TeklaStructures\11.1\bat\environment目录下的china_env.bat文件，添set XS_BLACK_DRAWING_BACKGROUND=TRUE，并重新启动软加件。

I.Databasev15.0A. TableInstructionsAType E (CI)W F (CJ)A H (CL)d det I (CM)Ht J (CN)h K (CO)OD L (CP)b f M (CQ)b fdet N (CR)B P (CT)ID Q (CU)t w R (CV)t wdet S (CW)t wdet /2T (CX)t fThe information presented in this spreadsheet has been prepared following recognized principles of design and construction.While it is believed to be accurate,this information should not be used or relied upon for any specific application without competent professional examination and verification of its accuracy,suitability and applicability by a licensed engineer or architect.The publication of this information is not a representation or warranty on the part of the American Institute of Steel Construction,its officers,agents,employees or committee members,or of any other person named herein,that this information is suitable for any general or particular use,or of freedom from infringement of any patent or patents.All representations or warranties,express or implied,other than as stated above,are specifically disclaimed.Anyone making use of the information presented in this publication assumes all liability arising from such use.Caution must be exercised when relying upon standards and guidelines developed by other bodies and incorporated by reference herein since such material may be modified or amended from time to time subsequent to the printing of this edition.The American Institute of Steel Construction bears no responsibility for such material other than to refer to it and incorporate it by reference at the time of the initial publication of this edition.Detailing value of t w /2, in. (mm)Flange thickness, in. (mm)Variable Detailing value of member depth, in. (mm)Overall depth of square or rectangular HSS, in. (mm)Column inDatabase aShape type: W, M, S, HP, C, MC, L, WT, MT, ST, 2L, HSS, PIPE G (CK)d Width of the flat wall of square or rectangular HSS, or width of the longer leg for angles, or width of the back-to-back legs oflong legs back-to-back double angles, or width of the outstanding legs of short legs back-to-back double angles, in. (mm)O (CS)b Depth of the flat wall of square or rectangular HSS, in. (mm)Outside diameter of round HSS or pipe, in. (mm)Overall width of square or rectangular HSS, in. (mm)Web thickness, in. (mm)The shape designation as seen in the AISC Steel Construction Manual , 15th Edition. The exception to this is the designation for double angles. There is a separate listing (row) for each back-to-back spacing and configuration. Therefore,the shape designation reflects these two variables. The listings for double angles follow the convention specified in the AISC Naming Convention for Structural Steel Products for Use in Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), June 25, 2001.C (CH)AISC_Manual_Label Boolean variable. A true, T, value indicates that there is a special note for that shape (see below). A false, F, value indicatesthat there are no special notes for that shape.Special notes:W-shapes: a value of T for: t f > 2 in.M-shapes: a value of T indicates that the shape has sloped flanges.WT-shapes: a value of T for: t f > 2 inMT-shapes: a value of T indicates that the shape has sloped flanges.T_F D Nominal weight, lb/ft (kg/m)Inside diameter of round HSS or pipe, in. (mm)Detailing value of web thickness, in. (mm)The shape designation according to the AISC Naming Convention for Structural Steel Products for Use in Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), June 25, 2001. This information is intended solely for the use of software developers to facilitate the electronic labeling of shape-specific data and electronic transfer of that data.Cross-sectional area, in.2 (mm 2)Overall depth of member, or width of shorter leg for angles, or width of the outstanding legs of long legs back-to-back doubleangles, or the width of the back-to-back legs of short legs back-to-back double angles, in. (mm)Flange width, in. (mm)Detailing value of flange width, in. (mm)EDI_ STD_Nomenclature B (CG)AISC Shapes Database v15.0AISC Shapes Database v15.0is an update to Shapes Database v14.1.This version is consistent with shape properties and dimensions tabulated in the AISC Steel Construction Manual,15th Edition,1st Printing.The database contains some additional section properties that are not included in the Manual .DISCLAIMERReadme FileNovember 2017Dimensions and properties for each shape are listed sequentially in a single row. The data in each column is as follows:Description aBU (EY)SzB BV (EZ)S zC BW (FA)r ts BX (FB)h o BZ (FD)P A2CA (FE)P B CB (FF)P C CC (FG)P DCD (FH)TCE (FI)WG i CF(FJ)WG o B. NewShapes inv15.0WHPThe workable gage for the inner fastener holes in the flange that provides for entering and tightening clearances and edge distance and spacing requirements. The actual size, combination, and orientation of fastener components should be compared with the geometry of the cross section to ensure compatibility. See AISC Manual Part 1 for additional information,in. (mm)a Values in parentheses "()" is for metric data.Fig. 1. Location of warping staticalmoment for W-, M-, S- and HP-shapes.Fig. 2. Location of warping statical moment for C- and MC-shapes.Fig. 3. Location of Point A, B and C for single angles.Shape perimeter minus one flange surface (or short leg surface for a single angle), as used in Design Guide 19, in. (mm)BY (FC)P A Single angle shape perimeter minus long leg surface, as used in AISC Design Guide 19, in. (mm)Shape perimeter, as used in AISC Design Guide 19, in. (mm)Box perimeter minus one flange surface, as used in Design Guide 19, in. (mm)Box perimeter, as used in AISC Design Guide 19, in. (mm)Elastic section modulus about the z -axis at point C on cross section, as shown in Figure 3, in.3 (mm 3 /103)Effective radius of gyration, in. (mm)Distance between the flange centroids, in. (mm)Distance between web toes of fillets at top and bottom of web, in. (mm)ShapeTypeSection Size Elastic section modulus about the z -axis at point B on cross section, as shown in Figure 3, in.3 (mm 3 /103)PipePipe26STD, Pipe24STD, Pipe20STD, Pipe18STD, Pipe16STD, Pipe14STD, Pipe26XS, Pipe24XS, Pipe20XS, Pipe18XS, Pipe16XS,Pipe14XS, Pips12XXS, Pipe10XXS HSS24X12X3/4, HSS24X12X5/8, HSS24X12X1/2, HSS22X22X7/8, HSS22X22X3/4, HSS20X20X7/8, HSS20X20X3/4, HSS20X20X5/8,HSS20X20X1/2, HSS20X12X3/4, HSS18X18X7/8, HSS18X18X3/4, HSS18X18X5/8, HSS18X18X1/2, HSS16X16X7/8, HSS16X16X3/4,HSS16X12X3/4, HSS14X14X7/8, HSS14X14X3/4, HSS12X12X3/4, HSS10X10X3/42L12X12X1-3/8, 2L12X12X1-3/8X3/4, 2L12X12X1-3/8X1-1/2, 2L12X12X1-1/4, 2L12X12X1-1/4X3/4, 2L12X12X1-1/4X1-1/2, 2L12X12X1-1/8,2L12X12X1-1/8X3/4, 2L12X12X1-1/8X1-1/2, 2L12X12X1, 2L12X12X1X3/4, 2L12X12X1X1-1/2, 2L10X10X1-3/8, 2L10X10X1-3/8X3/4,2L10X10X1-3/8X1-1/2, 2L10X10X1-1/4, 2L10X10X1-1/4X3/4, 2L10X10X1-1/4X1-1/2, 2L10X10X1-1/8, 2L10X10X1-1/8X3/4, 2L10X10X1-1/8X1-1/2, 2L10X10X1, 2L10X10X1X3/4, 2L10X10X1X1-1/2, 2L10X10X7/8, 2L10X10X7/8X3/4, 2L10X10X7/8X1-1/2, 2L10X10X3/4,2L10X10X3/4X3/4, 2L10X10X3/4X1-1/22L W40X655, W36X925, W36X853, W36X802,W36X723, W21X275, W21X248, W21X223, W14X873, W14X808HP12X89WT LWT20X327.5, WT18X462.5, WT18X426.5, WT18X401, WT18X361.5, WT10.5X137.5, WT10.5X124, WT10.5X111.5, WT7X436.5, WT7X404L12X12X1-3/8, L12X12X1-1/4, L12X12X1-1/8, L12X12X1, L10X10X1-3/8, L10X10X1-1/4, L10X10X1-1/8, L10X10X1, L10X10X7/8,L10X10X3/4HSS The bolt spacing between inner and outer fastener holes when the workable gage is compatible with four holes across theflange. See AISC Manual Part 1 for additional information, in. (mm)C. New Variables in v15.0• P A2• P c• P d• T• W gi• W goD. Variables Removed in v15.0 • Q s。

All Sections BS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+CorusASTMDiagram American W Shapes to ASTM A6/A36[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia Section M h b s t r d I x I y r x r y Z x Z y S x S y u x H J A Home in x in x lb/ft kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm3cm3dm6cm4cm2 1c W40x12x3595351046311.43358.930868.211307082996540.8 6.632162019252556631260.86619.5735576681 2c W40x12x3274871036.1308.53054.130867.910214202672140.6 6.571971717322320028000.86721.164.44299620 3c W40x12x2944371025.9305.426.94930867.99099062344740.4 6.491773915352076224690.86823.155.93185557 4c W40x12x264393101630324.443.930868.28076892049640.2 6.41589913531853921680.86825.548.42330500 5c W40x12x2353491008.130221.14030868.17231311846040.3 6.441434612231659219410.87227.943.31718445 6c W40x12x211314100030019.135.930868.26442121623240.1 6.371288410821485117130.87230.737.71264400 7c W40x12x183272990.130016.53130868.15539741400440 6.35111909341282614700.8733532.2835347 8c W40x12x167249980.230016.52630868.24813061175439 6.0998217841135012450.86139.926.8582317 9c W40x12x149222970.33001621.130868.1407961954638 5.818409636980710200.8545.721.5390283 10c W36x161/2x35953495042528.451.124.1799.610313066556138.99.822171230852483447960.88719.71324515680 11c W36x161/2x32848894242225.94724.1799.89354605900938.89.751986127972261643360.88721.31183499621 12c W36x161/2x300447933.24232442.724.1799.68473105397838.69.731815925522060639510.88723.31072675570 13c W36x161/2x280418927.6421.522.539.924.1799.67860694989438.49.681694823671918136600.88724.898.32191532 14c W36x161/2x260387921420.421.336.624.1799.67189844540538.29.591561321601764433380.88526.788.81729493 15c W36x161/2x245365916.4419.420.334.324.1799.667176642245389.531466120151654631120.88428.382.21442465 16c W36x161/2x230343911.9418.319.33224.1799.76251783909937.99.471371218691545628860.88330.275.71189436 17c W36x12x387576992.9321.836.16520822.911014983645738.87.052218722662627536540.87116.878.57150733 18c W36x12x350521980.7318.83358.920822.99818063208138.5 6.952002320132359832350.87118.468.15355664 19c W36x12x318473970.8315.729.954.120822.68846382857638.3 6.881822518102136528950.87219.9604106603 20c W36x12x286426960.9312.826.94920822.97881792514638.1 6.811640516081913125590.87321.852.33039542 21c W36x12x256382950.7310.324.443.920822.96974082197537.9 6.721467114161704122480.87224.145.22208486 22c W36x12x232345942.9307.822.139.920823.16257121947937.7 6.661327212661535220010.87226.339.71656440 23c W36x12x210313931.9309.421.134.520822.95492621710637.1 6.551178811061365317530.86629.734.41169399 24c W36x12x194289926.8307.719.43220822.85044481559737 6.511088610141256816010.86731.931.2928368 25c W36x12x182272922.8306.718.43020822.84715831447736.9 6.47102219441178614890.86633.828.8774346 26c W36x12x170254918.7305.617.327.920822.94372891331536.8 6.4295208711096213720.86636.126.4630323 27c W36x12x160238914.7304.816.525.920822.94065061226236.6 6.3588888051023512660.86438.524.2518304 28c W36x12x150225910.6304.215.923.920822.83772441124836.3 6.278286739955211650.86141.122.1426286 29c W36x12x135201903303.515.220.120822.8325422939635.6 6.05720861983619800.85346.718.3294257 30c W33x153/4x46869893541838.669.120756.812531818451337.69.752680640443127263420.88614.215810569889 31c W33x153/4x42463292341435.1632075711196517481037.39.642426136142814056520.88615.51387983805 32c W33x153/4x3875779134113257.920757.210117796722937.19.572216432712556851010.88716.71236168734 33c W33x153/4x35452890340929.553.120756.89150866073336.99.52026829702327646210.88718.11104777673 34c W33x153/4x31847489340626.448207578132035367236.79.431821326442079541010.88819.895.83511604 35c W33x153/4x29143488540424.443.920757.27362734835236.59.351663923941892937070.88721.585.52705553 36c W33x153/4x26339287740122.139.920757.26596514296036.39.271504321431704033110.88823.575.32027500 37c W33x153/4x241360868.2402.821.135.6207575916823884735.99.211363019291542529820.8842667.31510458 38c W33x153/4x221330861.8401.419.732.4207575359933498235.79.121243917431405026920.88328.360.21160421 39c W33x153/4x201300855.5399.918.229.220757.14809503117035.59.031124415591267524050.88131.153.2866382 40c W33x111/2x361538925.1310.635.66420757.18939223227936.1 6.871932620792290733470.87315.859.86546685All Sections BS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+CorusASTMDiagram American W Shapes to ASTM A6/A36[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x 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ROBOT Millennium主要功能介绍ROBOT Millennium为用户提供了快速且有效的生成二维和三维框架结构的分析工具。

软件包括来自于各国标准的钢截面数据库和一个公用的结构库如门架结构、桁架结构等。

ROBOT Millennium适用性非常强，它可用于从简单的二维框架到大型复杂的体育场馆结构。

FEM分析ROBOT Millennium的一个特点就是为结构工程师提供了一个有限元分析的实用工具。

而网格划分算法和内孔识别算法为工程师提供了易于使用且功能强大的有限元前处理方法。

高级分析ROBOT Millennium的另一个主要优点就是能完成各种类型的分析。

更重要的是，这些高级分析的功能完全是通过用户熟知的图形化窗口界面呈现在用户面前的，从而也说明ROBOT Millennium是可以解决所有结构工程问题的通用工具。

ROBOT Millennium在保证强大的高级分析功能的同时，又使得软件更易使用。

动力分析ROBOT Millennium可以解决广泛的动力分析问题。

它可以进行频谱、模态及伪模态分析，如评估结构模型对地震荷载的响应。

地震分析可以采用反应谱（包括常用频谱）来分析，也可以按照各种地震规范（如UBC97）来分析。

非线性ROBOT Millennium完全可以用来解决结构非线性问题。

它不仅可以分析缆索结构（包括桅杆、索网结构）、纯拉、纯压单元，还可以精确分析大位移问题（增量法、P-Delta法等）。

屈服分析ROBOT Millennium可以计算结构系统中的临界荷载问题。

这类分析也可以是非线性问题，即精确计算结构模型的几何变化对临界屈服荷载的影响。

截面库ROBOT Millennium有一个包括欧美等国标准的钢截面数据库。

除了这些标准截面库外，用户也可以输入一个截面并修改其参数（如增加边缘板）。

然后系统会计算修改过的截面的特性（包括扭转）。

另外，用户也可以用ROBOT Millennium GUI来定义任何形状的截面。

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914x305x224224.2910.4304.115.923.919.1824.43764141123636.3 6.278269739953511630.86141.322.14222866b c 914x305x201200.9903303.315.120.219.1824.4325254942335.7 6.07720462183519820.85446.818.42912567b c 838x292x226226.5850.9293.816.126.817.8761.73397041136034.3 6.277985773915512120.873519.35142898b c 838x292x194193.8840.7292.414.721.717.8761.7279175906633.6 6.06664162076409740.86241.615.23062479b c 838x292x176175.9834.9291.71418.817.8761.7246021779933.1 5.9589353568088420.85646.51322122410b c 762x267x197196.8769.826815.625.416.5686239957817530.9 5.71623461071679590.86933.211.3404251c All SectionsBS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+Corus 11b 762x267x173173762.2266.714.321.616.5686205282685030.5 5.58538751461988070.86438.19.3926722012b c 762x267x147146.9754265.212.817.516.5686168502545530 5.4447041151566470.85845.27.415918713b c 762x267x134133.9750264.41215.516.5686150692478829.7 5.3401836246445700.85449.8 6.4611917114b c 686x254x170170.2692.9255.814.523.715.2615.1170326663028 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3.23112210412871630.86837.50.38733.876.2 38b c457x152x6052.3449.8152.47.610.910.2407.62136964517.9 3.1195084.610961330.85943.90.31121.466.6 39b c457x152x5274.2412.8179.59.51610.2360.427310154517 4.04132317215012670.88227.60.60862.894.5 40b c406x178x7441b c406x178x6767.1409.4178.88.814.310.2360.424331136516.9 3.99118915313462370.8830.50.53346.185.560.1406.4177.97.912.810.2360.421596120316.8 3.97106313511992090.8833.80.46633.376.5 42b c406x178x6043b c406x178x5454.1402.6177.77.710.910.2360.418722102116.5 3.8593011510551780.87138.30.39223.16946403.2142.2 6.811.210.2360.41568553816.4 3.0377875.78881180.87138.90.2071958.6 44b c406x140x4639398141.8 6.48.610.2360.41250841015.9 2.8762957.872490.80.85847.50.15510.749.7 45b c406x140x3946b c356x171x6767.1363.4173.29.115.710.2311.619463136215.1 3.99107115712112430.88624.40.41255.785.5 47b c356x171x5757358172.28.11310.2311.616038110814.9 3.9189612910101990.88228.80.3333.472.6 48b c356x171x5151355171.57.411.510.2311.61413696814.8 3.867961138961740.88132.10.28623.864.9 49b c356x171x4545351.4171.179.710.2311.61206681114.5 3.7668794.87751470.87436.80.23715.857.3 50b c356x127x3939.1353.4126 6.610.710.2311.61017235814.3 2.6857656.865989.10.87135.20.10515.149.833.1349125.468.510.2311.6824928014 2.5847344.754370.30.86342.20.08128.7942.1 51b c356x127x3352b c305x165x5454310.4166.97.913.78.9265.211696106313 3.937541278461960.88923.60.23434.868.8 53b c305x165x4646.1306.6165.7 6.711.88.9265.2989989613 3.96461087201660.89127.10.19522.258.7 54b c305x165x4040.3303.4165610.28.9265.2850376412.9 3.8656092.66231420.889310.16414.751.348.1311125.39148.9265.2957546112.5 2.7461673.67111160.87323.30.10231.861.2 55b c305x127x48All Sections BS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+CorusUB User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Universal Beams to BS4 Part 1 1993[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia Section M h b s t r d I x I y r x r y Z x Z y S x S y u x H J AHome kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm3cm3dm6cm4cm241.9307.2124.3812.18.9265.2819638912.4 2.753462.661498.40.87226.50.084621.153.456b c305x127x4257b c305x127x3737304.4123.47.110.78.9265.2717133612.3 2.6747154.553985.40.87229.70.072514.847.232.8312.7102.4 6.610.87.6275.9650119412.5 2.1541637.9481600.86631.60.044212.241.858b c305x102x3328.2308.7101.868.87.6275.9536615512.2 2.0834830.540348.50.85937.40.03497.435.959b c305x102x2824.8305.1101.6 5.877.6275.9445512311.9 1.9729224.234238.80.84643.40.0273 4.7731.660b c305x102x2543259.6147.37.212.77.6219654467710.9 3.52504925661410.89121.20.10323.954.861b c254x146x4337256146.4 6.310.97.6219553757110.8 3.48433784831190.8924.30.085715.347.262b c254x146x3763b c254x146x3131.1251.4146.168.67.6219441344810.5 3.3635161.339394.10.8829.60.0668.5539.764b c254x102x2828.3260.4102.2 6.3107.6225.2400517910.5 2.2230834.935354.80.87427.50.0289.5736.165b c254x102x2525.2257.2101.968.47.6225.2341514910.3 2.1526629.2306460.86631.50.023 6.423222254101.6 5.7 6.87.6225.2284111910.1 2.0622423.525937.30.85636.40.0182 4.152866b c254x102x2230206.8133.9 6.49.67.6172.428963858.71 3.1728057.531488.20.88121.50.037410.338.267b c203x133x3025.1203.2133.2 5.77.87.6172.423403088.56 3.123046.225870.90.87725.60.0294 5.963268b c203x133x2569b c203x102x2323.1203.2101.8 5.49.37.6169.421051648.46 2.3620732.223449.80.88822.50.01547.0229.419177.8101.2 4.87.97.6146.813561377.48 2.371532717141.60.88822.60.00987 4.4124.370b c178x102x1916152.488.7 4.57.77.6121.883489.8 6.41 2.110920.212331.20.8919.60.0047 3.5620.371b c152x89x16131277647.67.696.647355.7 5.35 1.847514.784.222.60.89516.30.00199 2.8516.572b c127x76x1373**Additional sizes 0486.61036.1308.53054.130867.910214202672140.6 6.571971717322320028000.86721.164.4429962074c1016x305x48775c1016x305x437436.91025.9305.426.94930867.99099062344740.4 6.491773915352076224690.86823.155.93185557392.7101630324.443.930868.28076892049640.2 6.41589913531853921680.86825.548.4233050076c1016x305x393349.41008.130221.14030868.17231311846040.3 6.441434612231659219410.87227.943.3171844577c1016x305x34978c1016x305x314314.3100030019.135.930868.26442121623240.1 6.371288410821485117130.87230.737.7126440079c1016x305x272272.3990.130016.53130868.15539741400440 6.35111909341282614700.8733532.283534780c1016x305x249248.7980.230016.52630868.24813061175439 6.0998217841135012450.86139.926.858231781c1016x305x222222970.33001621.130868.1407961954638 5.818409636980710200.8545.721.5390283SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000All Sections BS/E N Only Corus Only BS/E N+CorusUC User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Universal Columns to BS4 Part 1 1993[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia Section M h b s t r d I x I y r x r y Z x Z y S x S y u x H J A Home kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm3cm3dm6cm4cm21b c356x406x634633.9474.642447.67715.2290.22748459812518.4111158246291423571080.843 5.4638.8137238082b c356x406x551551455.6418.542.167.515.2290.2226938826711810.9996239511207660580.841 6.0531.192407023b c356x406x467467436.6412.235.85815.2290.21830036783417.510.7838332911000250340.839 6.8624.358085954b c356x406x39339341940730.649.215.2290.21466185536717.110.569982721822241540.8377.8718.935455015b c356x406x340339.9406.440326.642.915.2290.21225434685316.810.460312325699935440.8368.8515.523434336b c356x406x287287.1393.639922.636.515.2290.2998753867716.510.350751939581229490.83510.212.314413667b c356x406x235235.1381394.818.430.215.2290.2790853099316.310.241511570468723830.83412.19.548122998b c356x368x202201.9374.6374.716.52715.2290.2662612368816.19.635381264397219200.84413.47.165582579b c356x368x177177368.2372.614.423.815.2290.2571182052915.99.5431031102345516710.84415 6.09381226 10b c356x368x153152.9362370.512.320.715.2290.2485891755315.89.492684948296514350.84417 5.11251195 11b c356x368x129129355.6368.610.417.515.2290.2402461461115.69.432264793247911990.84419.9 4.18153164 12b c305x305x283282.9365.3322.226.844.115.2246.7788722463514.88.2743181529510523420.8557.65 6.352034360 13b c305x305x240240352.5318.42337.715.2246.7642032031514.58.1536431276424719510.8548.74 5.031271306 14b c305x305x198198.1339.9314.519.131.415.2246.7509041629914.28.0429951037344015810.85410.2 3.88734252 15b c305x305x158158.1327.1311.215.82515.2246.7387471256913.97.92369808268012300.85112.5 2.87378201 16b c305x305x137136.9320.5309.213.821.715.2246.7328141070013.77.832048692229710530.85114.2 2.39249174 17b c305x305x118117.9314.5307.41218.715.2246.727672905913.67.77176058919588950.8516.2 1.98161150 18b c305x305x9796.9307.9305.39.915.415.2246.722249730813.47.69144547915927260.8519.3 1.5691.2123 19b c254x254x167167.1289.1265.219.231.712.7200.329998987011.9 6.812075744242411370.8518.49 1.63626213 20b c254x254x132132276.3261.315.325.312.7200.322529753111.6 6.69163157618698780.8510.3 1.19319168 21b c254x254x107107.1266.7258.812.820.512.7200.317510592811.3 6.59131345814846970.84812.40.898172136 22b c254x254x8988.9260.3256.310.317.312.7200.314268485711.2 6.55109637912245750.8514.50.717102113 23b c254x254x7373.1254.1254.68.614.212.7200.311407390811.1 6.488983079924650.84917.30.56257.693.1 24b c203x203x8686.1222.2209.112.720.510.2160.8944931279.28 5.348502999774560.8510.20.318137110 25b c203x203x7171215.8206.41017.310.2160.8761825379.18 5.37062467993740.85311.90.2580.290.4 26b c203x203x6060209.6205.89.414.210.2160.8612520658.96 5.25842016563050.84614.10.19747.276.4 27b c203x203x5252206.2204.37.912.510.2160.852*******.91 5.185101745672640.84815.80.16731.866.3 28b c203x203x4646.1203.2203.67.21110.2160.8456815488.82 5.134501524972310.84717.70.14322.258.7 29b c152x152x3737161.8154.4811.57.6123.62210706 6.85 3.8727391.53091400.84813.30.039919.247.1 30b c152x152x3030157.6152.9 6.59.47.6123.61748560 6.76 3.8322273.32481120.849160.030810.538.3 31b c152x152x2323152.4152.2 5.8 6.87.6123.61250400 6.54 3.716452.618280.20.8420.70.0212 4.6329.2 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000All Sections BS/E N Only Corus Only BS/E N+CorusUBP User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Universal Bearing Piles to BS4 Part1 1993[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling TorsionalWarping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia Section M h b s t r d I x I y r x r y Z x Z y S x S y u x H J A Home kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm3cm3dm6cm4cm21b c356x368x174173.9361.4378.520.320.415.2290.2510091846315.29.132823976318614970.82115.8 5.373302212b c356x368x152152356.437617.817.915.2290.2439721587715.19.052468845276712930.82117.8 4.552231943b c356x368x133133352373.815.615.715.2290.23798313680158.992158732240611190.82220.1 3.871511694b c356x368x109108.9346.437112.812.915.2290.2306321098714.98.9176959219569030.82324.2 3.0584.61395b c305x305x223222.9337.9325.730.330.415.2246.7526991757713.67.8731191079365316800.8269.55 4.159432846b c305x305x186186328.3320.925.525.615.2246.7426101414313.47.732596881300313660.82711.1 3.245602377b c305x305x149149.1318.531620.620.715.2246.7330671091013.27.582076691237010660.82813.5 2.422951908b c305x305x126126.1312.3312.917.517.615.2246.727408900213.17.49175557519868850.82915.7 1.951821619b c305x305x110110307.9310.715.315.415.2246.7235637709137.42153149617207620.8317.7 1.65122140 10b c305x305x9594.9303.7308.713.313.315.2246.720045652912.97.35132042314746480.8320.2 1.3880121 11b c305x305x8888301.7307.812.412.315.2246.718425598412.87.31122138913605950.8321.6 1.2564.2112 12b c305x305x7978.9299.3306.41111.115.2246.716444532612.87.28109934812185310.83223.9 1.1146.9100 13b c254x254x8585.1254.3260.414.414.312.7200.312284421510.6 6.2496632410924980.82515.60.60781.8108 14b c254x254x7171249.7258121212.7200.310071343910.6 6.178072679044090.82618.40.48648.490.4 15b c254x254x6363247.1256.610.610.712.7200.38860301610.5 6.137172357993600.82720.50.42134.380.2 16b c203x203x5453.9204207.711.311.410.2160.8502717058.55 4.984931645572520.82715.80.15832.768.7 17b c203x203x4544.9200.2205.99.59.510.2160.8410013848.46 4.924101344592060.82718.60.12619.257.2 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000All Sections BS/E N Only Corus Only BS/EN+CorusRSJ User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Joists with Taper Flanges to BS4 Part 1 1993[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness of Root Toe Flange Depth Second Moment Radius Elastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Areaper of of Web Flange Radius Radius Taper between of Area of Gyration Modulus Modulus Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section fillets Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia Section M h b s t r1r2αd I x I y r x r y Z x Z y S x S y u x H J A Home kg/m mm mm mm mm mm degrees mm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm3cm3dm6cm4cm21b c254x203x8282254203.210.219.919.69.78166.612025228010.7 4.6794722410773710.89110.3121521052b254x114x3737.1254114.37.612.812.4 6.18199.3508226910.4 2.3940047.145979.10.88518.70.039125.247.33b c203x152x5252.2203.2152.48.916.515.57.68133.247988168.49 3.54721075411760.89110.70.071164.966.64b c152x127x3737.2152.412710.413.213.5 6.6894.31818378 6.19 2.8223959.627999.80.8669.320.018333.947.55b c127x114x2929.3127114.310.211.59.9 4.8879.5979242 5.12 2.5415442.318170.80.8538.760.0080720.837.46b c127x114x2726.8127114.37.411.49.95879.5946236 5.26 2.6314941.317268.20.8689.310.0078816.934.27b127x76x1616.512776.2 5.69.69.4 4.6886.557160.8 5.21 1.7901610426.40.89111.80.00209 6.7321.18b114x114x2727114.3114.39.510.714.2 3.2860.8736224 4.62 2.5512939.215165.80.8417.920.0060118.934.59b c102x102x2323101.6101.69.510.311.1 3.2855.2486154 4.07 2.2995.630.311350.60.8367.420.0032114.229.310b c102x44x77.4101.644.5 4.3 6.1 6.9 3.3874.61537.82 4.010.90730.1 3.5135.4 6.030.87214.90.00018 1.269.511b c89x89x1919.588.988.99.59.911.1 3.2844.2307101 3.51 2.026922.882.7380.83 6.570.0015811.524.912b76x76x151576.2808.98.49.4 4.6838.117260.93 1.7845.215.254.225.80.82 6.420.0007 6.8419.113b c76x76x1312.776.276.2 5.18.49.4 4.6838.115851.8 3.12 1.7941.513.648.722.40.8527.210.0006 4.616.2 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000All Sections BS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+CorusRSC User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Channels to BS 4 Part 1 1993[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness Radius Flange Depth Shear centre Second Moment Radius Elastic Elastic Plastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Area Section per of of of of Taper between Position from of Area of Gyration Modulus Neutral Modulus Neutral Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation Metre Section section Web Flange Root Toe in fillets web cg Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis Inertia Section M h b s t r1r2αd eo Cs I x I y r x r y Z x Z y Cy S x S y Ceq u x H J A Home kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm degrees mm cm cm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm cm3cm3cm dm6cm4cm21b432x102x6565.5431.8101.612.216.815.2 4.85362.5 3.13 4.832137362716 2.7499080 2.3112051520.9660.87524.50.21661.583.42b381x102x5555.01381101.610.416.315.2 4.85312.6 3.44 5.431486957914.6 2.8778175.7 2.529311440.920.89522.60.15346.470.13b305x102x4646.21304.8101.610.214.815.2 4.85239.3 3.59 5.73820849911.8 2.9153966.5 2.656381280.9660.89918.80.084235.958.94b305x89x4241.81304.888.910.213.713.7 3.25245.4 2.93 4.6707832611.5 2.4846448.6 2.1855992.60.8740.88720.30.055228.153.35b254x89x3635.6625488.99.113.613.7 3.25194.7 3.20 5.1644453029.89 2.5835046.7 2.4241489.60.8940.906170.034723.245.46b254x76x2828.1825476.28.110.912.2 3.25203.9 2.55 3.9933551629.67 2.1226428.1 1.8531653.80.7070.88621.20.019412.335.97b229x89x3332.68228.688.98.613.313.7 3.25169.9 3.32 5.4233832859.01 2.6129644.8 2.5334886.3 1.10.91215.50.026320.641.68b229x76x2626.08228.676.27.611.212.2 3.25177.8 2.70 4.3226151598.87 2.1922928.4227154.50.7270.90118.70.015111.633.29b203x89x3029.77203.288.98.112.913.7 3.25145.2 3.44 5.6824922658.11 2.6424542.4 2.6528781.7 1.40.916140.019218.137.910b203x76x2423.85203.276.27.111.212.2 3.25152.4 2.84 4.6219551528.02 2.2419227.7 2.1422653.50.8920.91116.50.011210.630.411b178x89x2726.79177.888.97.612.313.7 3.25121 3.55 5.9217532417.17 2.6619739.3 2.7623075.4 1.70.91512.60.013415.334.112b178x76x2120.84177.876.2 6.610.312.2 3.25128.8 2.93 4.813381347.1 2.2515124.8 2.217648.1 1.090.91115.30.007658.2726.613b152x89x2423.87152.488.97.111.613.7 3.2596.9 3.65 6.171168216 6.2 2.6615335.8 2.8717868.6 1.990.90911.20.0088212.730.414b152x76x1817.91152.476.2 6.4912.2 2.45105.9 2.96 4.85852114 6.11 2.2311221 2.2113041.2 1.150.90114.40.00486 6.0522.815b127x64x1514.9212763.5 6.49.210.7 2.4584 2.46 4.0748267.2 5.04 1.887615.2 1.9489.429.3 1.090.90911.60.00188 5.011916b102x51x1010.4101.650.8 6.17.69.1 2.4565.8 1.89 3.120729.1 3.95 1.4840.88.14 1.5148.715.70.7590.910.80.000512 2.5813.317b76x38x7 6.7176.238.1 5.1 6.87.6 2.4545.8 1.43 2.3774.310.7 2.95 1.1219.5 4.09 1.1923.57.780.6730.9089.060.000101 1.268.56 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000All Sections BS/E N Only Corus Only BS/E N+CorusPFC User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Parallel Flange Channels[ALL Sections]Mass Depth Width Thickness Root Depth Shear centre Second Moment Radius Elastic Elastic Plastic Plastic Buckling Torsional Warping Torsional Area Section per of of of Radius between Position from of Area of Gyration Modulus Neutral Modulus Neutral Parameter Index Constant Constant of Designation metre Section Section Web Flange fillets web cg Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Inertia Section M H B s T r d eo sc x-x y-y x-x y-y x-x y-y c y x-x y-y c eq u x H J A Home Kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm cm cm cm4cm4cm cm cm3cm3cm cm3cm3cm dm6cm4cm21c430x100x6464.4430100111915362 3.27 5.342193972216.3 2.97102097.9 2.6212221760.9540.91722.50.2196382.12c380x100x54543801009.517.515315 3.48 5.791503464314.8 3.0679189.2 2.799331610.9040.93221.20.1545.768.73c300x100x4645.5300100916.515237 3.68 6.29822956811.9 3.1354981.7 3.05641148 1.310.944170.081336.8584c300x90x4141.430090915.512245 3.18 5.33721840411.7 2.7748163.1 2.65681140.8790.93418.40.058128.852.75c260x90x3534.82609081412208 3.32 5.66472835310.3 2.8236456.3 2.74425102 1.140.94217.20.037920.644.46c260x75x2827.62607571212212 2.62 4.37361918510.1 2.327834.4 2.1328620.6760.93220.50.020311.735.17c230x90x3232.2230907.51412178 3.46 6.0135183349.27 2.8630655 2.9235599.1 1.690.9515.10.027919.3418c230x75x2625.723075 6.512.512181 2.78 4.7527481819.17 2.3523934.8 2.327863.1 1.030.94717.30.015311.832.79c200x90x3029.72009071412148 3.6 6.3725233148.16 2.8825253.4 3.1229194.5 2.240.95412.90.019718.337.9 10c200x75x2323.420075612.512151 2.91 5.0919631708.11 2.3919633.8 2.4822760.8 1.530.95614.80.010711.129.9 11c180x90x2626.118090 6.512.512131 3.64 6.4818172777.4 2.8920247.4 3.1723283.5 2.360.94912.80.014113.333.2 12c180x75x2020.318075610.512135 2.87 4.9813701467.27 2.3815228.8 2.4117651.9 1.340.94615.30.007547.3425.9 13c150x90x2423.915090 6.51212102 3.71 6.691162253 6.18 2.8915544.4 3.317976.9 2.660.93610.80.008911.830.4 14c150x75x1817.915075 5.51012106 2.98 5.29861131 6.15 2.411526.6 2.5813247.2 1.810.94613.10.00467 6.122.8 15c125x65x1514.812565 5.59.51282 2.56 4.5348380 5.07 2.0677.318.8 2.2589.933.4 1.550.94211.10.00194 4.7218.8 16c100x50x1010.21005058.5965 1.94 3.4220832.34 1.5841.59.89 1.7348.917.6 1.180.942100.00049 2.5313 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000EAngles User Registration No:Unregistered Copy Diagram Equal Leg Angles to EN 10056-1: 1998[ALL Sections]Section Mass Root Toe Distance Second Moment Radius Elastic Area Section Dimensions per radius Radius to centre of Area of Gyration Modulus ofDesignation metre of gravity Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Axis Sectiona x a x t a t M r1r2C x & C y Ix, Iy Ixy Iu Iv rx, ry r u r v Zx, Zy A Home mm mm kg/m mm mm cm cm4cm4cm4cm4cm cm cm cm3cm21b250x250x35250351281897.59264-54021466638627.549.48 4.87529163 2250x250x322503211820107.388597-50321362935657.579.53 4.874881503b250x250x28250281041897.247697-45281222631697.629.61 4.89433133 4250x250x252502593.620107.126975-41111108628647.659.64 4.93901195b c200x200x242002471.1189 5.843331-195352841378 6.067.64 3.923590.66b c200x200x202002059.9189 5.682851-167845291172 6.117.7 3.9219976.37b c200x200x182001854.2189 5.62600-153341321067 6.137.73 3.9318169.18b c200x200x162001648.5189 5.522341-138******** 6.167.76 3.9416261.89b180x180x181801848.6189 5.11866-10972963768 5.49 6.92 3.5214561.9 10b180x180x161801643.5189 5.021682-9912673692 5.51 6.95 3.5313055.4 11b160x160x151601536.2178.5 4.491099-6461745453 4.88 6.16 3.1395.546.1 12c150x150x181501840.1168 4.371050-6151665435 4.54 5.71 2.9298.751 13b c150x150x151501533.8168 4.25898-5281426370 4.57 5.76 2.9383.543 14b c150x150x121501227.3168 4.12737-4331170303 4.6 5.8 2.9567.734.8 15b c150x150x101501023168 4.03624-366991258 4.62 5.82 2.9756.929.3 16b130x130x121301223.5147 3.64472-278750195 3.975 2.5550.430 17c120x120x151201526.613 6.5 3.51445-260705185 3.62 4.56 2.3352.433.9 18b c120x120x121201221.613 6.5 3.4368-216584152 3.65 4.6 2.3542.727.5 19b c120x120x101201018.213 6.5 3.31313-184497129 3.67 4.63 2.363623.2 20c120x120x8120814.713 6.5 3.23255-150405105 3.69 4.65 2.3729.118.7 21c100x100x151001521.9126 3.02249-144393104 2.98 3.75 1.9335.627.9 22b c100x100x121001217.8126 2.9207-12132885.8 3.02 3.8 1.9429.122.7 23b c100x100x101001015126 2.82177-10428073 3.04 3.83 1.9524.619.2 24b c100x100x8100812.2126 2.74145-8523059.9 3.06 3.85 1.9619.915.5 25c90x90x12901215.911 5.5 2.66148-86.323461.7 2.7 3.4 1.7423.320.3 26b c90x90x10901013.411 5.5 2.58127-74.420152.6 2.72 3.43 1.7519.817.1 27b90x90x990912.211 5.5 2.54116-67.918447.9 2.73 3.44 1.7617.915.5 28b c90x90x890810.911 5.5 2.5104-61.216643.1 2.74 3.45 1.7616.113.9 29b c90x90x79079.6111 5.5 2.4592.5-54.314738.3 2.75 3.46 1.7714.112.2 30c90x90x69068.311 5.5 2.4180.3-4712733.3 2.76 3.47 1.7812.210.6 All Sections BS/EN Only Corus Only BS/EN+Corus31b c80x80x10801011.9105 2.3487.5-51.113936.4 2.41 3.03 1.5515.415.1 32b c80x80x88089.63105 2.2672.2-42.411529.9 2.43 3.06 1.5612.612.3 33c80x80x68067.34105 2.1755.8-32.788.523.1 2.44 3.08 1.579.579.35 34b75x75x87588.999 4.5 2.1459.1-34.793.824.5 2.27 2.86 1.461111.4 35b75x75x6756 6.859 4.5 2.0545.8-26.972.718.9 2.29 2.89 1.478.418.73 36c70x70x10701010.39 4.5 2.0957.2-33.390.524 2.09 2.63 1.3511.713.1 37c70x70x87088.369 4.5 2.0147.5-27.875.319.7 2.11 2.66 1.369.5210.6 38b70x70x77077.389 4.5 1.9742.3-24.867.117.5 2.12 2.67 1.368.419.4 39b c70x70x6706 6.389 4.5 1.9336.9-21.658.515.3 2.13 2.68 1.377.278.13 40b65x65x7657 6.839 4.5 1.8533.4-19.65313.9 1.96 2.47 1.267.188.7 41c60x60x1060108.6984 1.8534.9-20.155.114.8 1.78 2.23 1.168.4111.1 42b c60x60x86087.0984 1.7729.2-1746.112.2 1.8 2.26 1.16 6.899.03 43b c60x60x6606 5.4284 1.6922.8-13.436.19.44 1.82 2.29 1.17 5.29 6.91 44b c60x60x5605 4.5784 1.6419.4-11.330.78.03 1.82 2.3 1.17 4.45 5.82 45c50x50x8508 5.827 3.5 1.5216.3-9.4125.7 6.88 1.48 1.860.963 4.687.41 46b c50x50x6506 4.477 3.5 1.4512.8-7.520.3 5.34 1.5 1.890.968 3.61 5.69 47b c50x50x5505 3.777 3.5 1.411-6.4217.4 4.55 1.51 1.90.973 3.05 4.8 48b c50x50x4504 3.067 3.5 1.368.97-5.2414.2 3.73 1.52 1.910.979 2.46 3.89 49c50x50x3503 2.337 3.5 1.31 6.86-3.9810.8 2.88 1.52 1.910.986 1.86 2.96 50c45x45x645647 3.5 1.329.16-5.3314.5 3.83 1.34 1.690.867 2.88 5.09 51c45x45x5455 3.387 3.5 1.287.84-4.5812.4 3.26 1.35 1.70.871 2.43 4.3 52b45x45x4.545 4.5 3.067 3.5 1.267.15-4.1711.3 2.97 1.35 1.70.873 2.2 3.9 53c45x45x4454 2.747 3.5 1.23 6.43-3.7510.2 2.68 1.36 1.710.876 1.97 3.49 54c45x45x3453 2.097 3.5 1.18 4.93-2.857.78 2.07 1.36 1.710.882 1.49 2.66 55c40x40x6406 3.5263 1.2 6.31-3.669.97 2.65 1.19 1.490.77 2.26 4.48 56b c40x40x5405 2.9763 1.16 5.43-3.178.59 2.26 1.2 1.510.773 1.91 3.79 57b c40x40x4404 2.4263 1.12 4.47-2.617.09 1.86 1.21 1.520.777 1.55 3.08 58c40x40x3403 1.8463 1.07 3.45-2.01 5.45 1.44 1.21 1.520.783 1.18 2.35 59b35x35x4354 2.095 2.51 2.95-1.73 4.68 1.23 1.05 1.320.678 1.18 2.67 60c30x30x5305 2.185 2.50.918 2.16-1.25 3.410.9170.883 1.110.575 1.04 2.78 61b c30x30x4304 1.785 2.50.878 1.8-1.05 2.850.7540.892 1.120.5770.85 2.27 62b c30x30x3303 1.365 2.50.835 1.4-0.819 2.220.5860.899 1.130.5810.649 1.74 63c25x25x5255 1.78 3.5 1.750.799 1.21-0.686 1.90.5240.7310.9150.4810.711 2.26 64b c25x25x4254 1.45 3.5 1.750.762 1.02-0.588 1.610.430.7410.9310.4820.586 1.85 65b c25x25x3253 1.12 3.5 1.750.7230.803-0.469 1.270.3340.7510.9450.4840.452 1.42 66b20x20x32030.882 3.5 1.750.5980.392-0.2270.6180.1650.590.7420.3830.279 1.12 SteelUK001202Compiled & calculated by Techno Consultants Ltd, December 2000。

中子探测器的研究现状及其趋势探析发布时间：2021-06-03T09:30:36.133Z 来源：《基层建设》2021年第2期作者：刘素志[导读] 摘要：近些年，世界各国都加强了对中子探测器的研究。

与核反应堆中子源装置相比，加速器中子源装置由于具备更高的安全性、结构更加简单、建造与维护成本较低，因此其更适合运用在有限的场所中。

中核控制系统工程有限公司 100176摘要：近些年，世界各国都加强了对中子探测器的研究。

与核反应堆中子源装置相比，加速器中子源装置由于具备更高的安全性、结构更加简单、建造与维护成本较低，因此其更适合运用在有限的场所中。

但是需要注意的是，加速器中子源装置难以提供足够通量的中子，且出射的中子束的方向性及准直性也不如核反应堆中子源，所以还需要进一步研究。

下文对此展开了分析。

关键词：中子探测器；BNCT；趋势1 中子的性质中子作为一个自旋为1/2 的费米子，呈现电中性且有微小的磁矩。

然而处于原子核外的自由中子并不能稳定存在，会发生β-衰变变成一个质子、一个电子以及一个电子反中微子，半衰期约为10.6 分钟。

故而无法长期地储存自由中子，中子需要由中子源来产生供应。

常见的中子源有三种：（1）放射性同位素中子源。

它既可以通过某些轻元素（如：铍（Be）、硼（B）、氟（F）等元素）与放射性核素衰变发射的α 粒子或高能γ 射线发生（α，n）或（γ，n）反应来产生中子；也能通过超铀元素自发裂变来产生中子，常用元素如：252Cf。

这种类型的中子源的优点在于其制作和应用都比较便捷，且体积小。

（2）加速器中子源。

经过加速器加速后的带电粒子轰击靶核，发生核反应从而产生中子。

此类型的中子源的优点在于其能在很宽的能量区间内生成单能中子，如：基于2H（d，n）3He 反应的加速器中子源可以获得能量为2.5 MeV 的单能中子，基于3H（d，n）4He 反应的加速器中子源可以获得能量为14 MeV 的单能中子。