中央空调选型安装手册
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1、金属风管制作一、材料及设备的要求(参照规范、国标、行业、厂标等)检验所用材料的出厂合格证并查验其外观质量,要求;1.镀锌铁皮不能有裂纹、结疤和锈蚀斑点,应有镀锌结晶花纹。
1.型钢应等型、均匀、不能有裂纹、气泡、凹穴等缺陷。
二、主要机具及其劳动生产率机械:剪板机、咬口机、折边机、冲床、钻床、切割机、电焊机等。
要对其进行检查,重点检查以下内容:(1)用电设备的绝缘和接地是否良好,传动部分必须有保护壳防护;(2)电器传动是否良好;(3)机械传动部分的清洁、润滑和紧固,并根据所加工材料规格对设备进行调整,确保设备达到实际作业要求。
工具:木锤、铁皮剪、扳手、铆枪等其它;角尺、钢尺、卷尺三、施工作业的条件图纸已会审,材料已报验并得到监理认可。
有平整的室内制作场地.四、操作工艺(突出各工地在生产实践中总结的小窍门)1.画出加工草图由于风管制作实行工厂化制,不可能一一进行现场实测,因此主要依据施工图纸绘制加工草图.在风管与设备的碰头、风管之间的连接短管以及一些特殊部位,留出一些活口,待安装阶段结合现场实际情况实测尺寸进行制作。
(1)绘制加工草图时要根据所用材料规格和咬口类型来确定每件风管的尺寸,且要尽量减少裁边和拼接.一般1000mm宽的卷材和1000mm×2000mm的板材,角铁法兰风管的管段长度宜定为990mm。
(2)先确定系统中弯头、三通、变径管的尺寸,再确定其间直管段的长度.直管段的分段遵循(1)条的原则.(3)对穿墙的风管,必须注意风管长度至少要比墙体总厚大100mm,以确保安装时法兰接口不在墙内.(4)绘出各系统的系统图和各管件的加工图,以便按加工图逐一加工编号。
2.工艺流程:2.操作要点(1)选材。
所用铁皮的厚度若设计无要求,按表1选用,角钢及螺栓按表2选用.(2)下料剪切。
根据加工单的尺寸进行下料,剪切前必须复核尺寸,以免有误。
(3)法兰加工表1 钢板风管板材厚度(mm)表2 金属矩形风管法兰及螺栓规格(mm)(3)法兰加工错误!矩形法兰由四根角钢组焊而成,下料时要注意使法兰的长边夹住短边,且焊成的法兰内径要比风管外径大1-2mm。
Owner’s Manual & Installation ManualIMPORTANT NOTE:Read this manual carefully before installing or operating your new air conditioning unit. Make sure to save this manual for future reference.Please check the applicable models, technical data, F-GAS(if any) and manufacturer information from the “Owner's Manual - Product Fiche ” in the packaging of the outdoor unit. (European Union products only)CEILING & FLOOR TYPE AIR CONDITIONEROwner’s ManualTable of ContentsSafety Precautions (04)Unit Specifications and Features 1. Indoor unit display 2. Operating temperature 3. Other features Care and Maintenance Troubleshooting (09)............................................................................................................................................................09...................................................................................................................................................11 .. (12)...................................................................13 (15)Installation ManualAccessories Installation Summary Unit Parts Indoor Unit Installation 1. Select installation location 2. Hang indoor unit 3. Drill wall hole for connective piping 4. Connect drain hose Outdoor Unit Installation 1. Select installation location 2. Install drain joint 3. Anchor outdoor unit Refrigerant Piping Connection A. Note on Pipe Length B. Connection Instructions –Refrigerant Piping 1. Cut pipe 2. Remove burrs 3. Flare pipe ends 4. Connect pipes Wiring 1. Outdoor Uint Wiring 2. Indoor Uint Wiring Air Evacuation 1. Evacuation Instructions 2. Note on Adding Refrigerant Test Run .....................................................................................18....................................................................19........................................................................................20.. (21)............................................................................................................................................21..............................................................................................................................................................23..........................................................................................................................25. (25) (26)...........................................................................................................................................26...............................................................................................................................................................27. (27) (28).....................................................................................................................................................28.. (29)..........................................................................................................................................................................29 ................................................................................................................................................................30............................................................................................................................................................30 (30) (32)........................................................................................................................................................33 (34) (37).................................................................................................................................................37.. (38) (39)Read Safety Precautions Before Operation and InstallationIncorrect installation due to ignoring instructions can cause serious damage or injury.This appliance is not intended for use by persons(including children) with reduced physical, sensoryor mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge, unless they have been given supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance by a person responsible for their safety. Children should be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the appliance(IEC Standard requirements).physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been given supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance in a safe way and understand the hazards involved. Children shall not play with the appliance. Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision(EN Standard requirements).WARNINGS FOR PRODUCT USE• If an abnormal situation arises (like a burning smell), immediately turn o the unit and disconnect the power. Call your dealer for instructions to avoid electric shock, re or injury.• Do not insert fingers, rods or other objects into the air inlet or outlet. This may cause injury, since the fan may be rotating at high speeds.• Do not use flammable sprays such as hair spray, lacquer or paint near the unit. This may causefire or combustion.Safety Precautions④③ Page 4•Do not allow the air conditioner to operate for long periods of time with doors or windows open, or if the humidity is very high.ELECTRICAL WARNINGS• Only use the specified power cord. If the power cord is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer , its service agent or similarly quali ed persons in order to avoid a hazard.• Keep power plug clean. Remove any dust or grime that accumulates on or around the plug. Dirty plugs can cause re or electric shock.• • • • •Do not pull power cord to unplug unit. Hold the plug firmly and pull it from the outlet. Pulling directly on the cord can damage it, which can lead to fire or electric shock.Do not modify the length of the power supply cord or use an extension cord to power the unit. Do not share the electrical outlet with other appliances. Improper or insu cient power supply can cause re or electrical shock.For all electrical work, follow all local and national wiring standards, regulations, and theInstallation Manual. Connect cables tightly, and clamp them securely to prevent external forces from damaging the terminal. Improper electrical connections can overheat and cause re, and may The product must be properly grounded at the time of installation, or electrical shock may occur. ④③ Page 56.serious injury and damage. 7.8.9.10.11.Do not turn on the power until all work has been completed.When moving or relocating the air conditioner, consult experienced service technicians for disconnection and reinstallation of the unit.How to install the appliance to its support, please read the information for details in "indoor unit installation" and "outdoor unit installation" sections .For units that have an auxiliary electric heater, do not install the unit within 1 meter (3 feet) of any combustible materials.Do not install the unit in a location that may be exposed to combustible gas leaks. If combustible gas accumulates around the unit, it may cause re.Install drainage piping according to the instructions in this manual. Improper drainage may cause water damage to your home and property.Note about Fluorinated Gasses(Not applicable to the unit using R290 Refrigerant) 1.This air-conditioning unit contains fluorinated greenhouse gasses. For speci c information on thetype of gas and the amount, please refer to the relevant label on the unit itself or the“Owner's Manual - Product Fiche ” in the packaging of the outdoor unit. (European ④③ Page 6where the room size corresponds to the room area as speci ec for operation.For R32 frigerant models:Appliance shall be installed, operated and stored in a room with a oor area larger than X m² . Appliance shall not be installed in an unvertilated space, if that space is smaller than X m² (Please see the following form).Reusable mechanical connectors and ared joints are not allowed indoors.(EN Standard Requirements).Mechanical connectors used indoors shall have a rate of not more than 3g/year at 25%of the maximum allowable pressure. When mechanical connectors are reused indoors,sealing parts shall be renewed. When ared joints are reused indoors, the are part shall be re-fabricated. (UL Standard Requirements)When mechanical connectors are reused indoors, sealing parts shall be renewed. When ared joints are reused indoors, the are part shall be re-fabricated. (IEC Standard Requirements)③ Page 7 ④>3.0 1.8m 9>3.0>48000>480000.6m80•Dispose of the appliance at designated municipal electronic waste collection facility.•When buying a new appliance, the retailer will take back the old appliance free of charge.•The manufacturer will take back the old appliance free of charge.•Sell the appliance to certi ed scrap metal dealers.Special noticeDisposing of this appliance in the forest or other natural surroundings endangers your health and is bad for the environment. Hazardous substances may leak into the ground water and enter the food chain.③ Page 8④Unit Specifications and Features Indoor unit displayAir inletDisplay panelAir outlet LouverInfrared receiverALARMDEF./FANMANUAL OPERATION TIMER(A)(B)(C)Infrared receiver(D)(E)(F)Infrared receiverMANUALALARMDEF./FANOPERATION TIMERInfrared receiverLED displayMANUAL TIMERALARMOPERATIONDEF./FANInfrared receiverMANUALTIMER ALARMOPERATION DEF./FAN Illustrations in this manual are for explanatory purposes. The actual shape of your indoor unit may be slightly di erent. The actual shape shall prevail.NOTE:Di erent models have di erent display panel. Not all the indicators describing below are available for the air conditioner you purchased. Please check the indoor display panel of the unit you purchased.This display panel on the indoor unit can be used to operate the unit in case the remote control has been misplaced or is out of batteries.③ Page 9 ④③ Page 10 ④ALARMDEF./FANDEF./FAN(G)(H)Infrared receiverLED displayMANUALInfrared receiverLED display• MANUAL button : This button selects the mode in the following order: AUTO, FORCED COOL, OFF .FORCED COOL mode : In FORCED COOL mode, the Operation light flashes. The system will then turn to AUTO after it has cooled with a high wind speed for 30 minutes. The remote control will be disabled during this operation.OFF mode : When the panel is turned OFF , the unit turns o and the remote control is re-enabled.• OPERATIONOPERATIONOperation indicator :• Timer indicator :TIMERTIMER• PRE-DEF indicator :(pre-heating/defrost)• Alarm indicator :• Func button :ALARMOperating temperatureWhen your air conditioner is used outside of the following temperature ranges, certain safety protection features may activate and cause the unit to disable.To further optimize the performance of your unit, do the following:• Keep doors and windows closed.• Limit energy usage by using TIMER ON and TIMER OFF functions.• Do not block air inlets or outlets.• Regularly inspect and clean air lters.NOTE: Room relative humidity less than 80%. If the air conditioner operates in excess of this gure, the surface of the air conditioner may attract condensation. Please sets the vertical air ow louver to its maximum angle (vertically to the oor), and set HIGH fan mode. Room Temperature17°C-32°C (62°F-90°F)0°C-30°C (32°F-86°F) 10°C-32°C (50°F-90°F)18°C-43°C (64°F-109°F) 11°C-43°C (52°F-109°F) -7°C-43°C (19°F-109°F) COOL modeHEAT modeDRY modeOutdoor Temperature(5°F - 75°F)(32°F - 122°F)0°C - 52°C (32°F - 126°F)(For specialtropical models)0°C - 52°C (32°F - 126°F)(For specialtropical models)(For models with low temp. cooling systems.)FOR OUTDOOR UNITS WITH AUXILIARY ELECTRIC HEATERInverter Split TypeFixed-speed TypeWhen outsidetemperature is below 0°C (32°F ), we strongly recommend keeping the unit plugged in at all time to ensure smooth ongoing performance.Default SettingWhen the air conditioner restarts after a power failure, it will default to the factory settings (AUTO mode, AUTO fan, 24°C (76°F)). This may cause inconsistencies on the remote control and unit panel. Use your remote control to update the status.Auto-Restart (some models)In case of power failure, the system will immediately stop. When power returns, the Operation light on the indoor unit will flash. To restart the unit, press the ON/OFF button on the remote control. If the system has an auto restart function, the unit will restart using the same settings. Louver Angle Memory Function(some models)Some models are designed with a louver angle memory function. When the unit restarts after a power failure, the angle of the horizontal louvers will automatically return to the previous position. The angle of the horizontal louver should not be set too small as condensation may form and drip into the machine. To reset the louver, press the manual button, which will reset the horizontal louver settings.Refrigerant Leak Detection System (some models)In the event of a refrigerant leak, the LCD screen will display “EC” and the LED indicator light will flash.Other featuresCare and MaintenanceCleaning Your Indoor UnitCleaning Your Air FilterA clogged air conditioner can reduce the cooling efficiency of your unit, and can also be bad for your health. Make sure to clean the filter once every two weeks.1.Open the air intake with a screwdriver or similar tool. Detach the grille from the main unit by holding the grille at a 45° angle,lifting it up slightly, and then pulling the grille forward.2. Take out the air lter. (applicable to 3.2~10.5KW air conditioners only).If using a vacuum cleaner, the inlet side should face the vacuum.If using water, the inlet side should face down and away from the water stream.6.Rinse the lter with clean water and allow it to air-dry. DO NOT let the lter dry in direct sunlight.7.Reinstall the lter.4.Remove the air lter.5.Clean the air lter by vacuuming the surface or washing it in warm water with mild detergent.3. Directly pull out the air lter from the air inlet as indicated (applicable to 14~16KW air conditioners only).Care and MaintenanceTurn o the unit and disconnect the power Remove batteries from remote controlMaintenance –Pre-Season InspectionAfter long periods of non-use, or before periods of frequent use, do the following:CAUTION• Any maintenance and cleaning of outdoorunit should be performed by an authorized dealer or a licensed service provider.• Any unit repairs should be performed by an authorized dealer or a licensed service provider.TroubleshootingCommon IssuesThe following problems are not a malfunction and in most situations will not require repairs.Issue Possible CausesUnit does not turn on when pressing ON/OFF button The Unit has a 3-minute protection feature that prevents the unit from overloading. The unit cannot be restarted within three minutes of being turned o .The unit may change its setting to prevent frost from forming on the unit. Once the temperature increases, the unit will start operating in the previously selected mode again.The set temperature has been reached, at which point the unit turns o the compressor. The unit will continue operating when the temperaturefluctuates again.TroubleshootingThe unit changes from COOL/HEAT mode to FAN mode Cooling and Heating Models: If the Operation light and PRE-DEF (Pre-heating/ Defrost) indicators are lit up, the outdoor temperature is too cold and the unit’s anti-cold wind is activated in order to defrost the unit.In Cooling-only Models: If the “Fan Only” indicator is lit up, the outdoor temperature is too cold and the unit’s anti-freeze protection is activated in order to defrost the unit.NOTE: If problem persists, contact a local dealer or your nearest customer service center. Provide them with a detailed description of the unit malfunction as well as your model number.TroubleshootingWhen troubles occur, please check the following points before contacting a repair company.Problem Possible Causes SolutionPoor Cooling Temperature setting may be higherthan ambient room temperature Lower the temperature settingThe heat exchanger on the indooror outdoor unit is dirtyClean the a ected heat exchangerThe air lter is dirty Remove the filter and clean it according toinstructionsThe air inlet or outlet of either Turn the unit o , remove the obstructionTroubleshootinghas entered the system. with refrigerant The compressor is broken Replace the compressor The voltage is too high or too lowInstall a manostat to regulate the voltagePoor heating performanceThe outdoor temperature is extremely lowUse auxiliary heating device Cold air is entering through doors and windows Make sure that all doors and windows are closed during use Low refrigerant due to leak or long-term useCheck for leaks, re-seal if necessary and top o refrigerantIndicator lamps continue flashing The unit may stop operation or continue to run safely. If the indicator lamps continue to flash or error codes appear, wait for about 10 NOTE: If your problem persists after performing the checks and diagnostics above,turn o your unit immediately and contact an authorized service center.System circuit is blockedDetermine which circuit is blocked and replace the malfunctioning piece of equipmentAccessoriesThe air conditioning system comes with the following accessories. Use all of the installation parts and accessories to install the air conditioner. Improper installation may result in water leakage, electrical shock and re, or cause the equipment to fail. The items are not included with the air conditioner must be purchased separately.Fixing screw for remote controller holder(some models ) Remote controller holder(some models )11111112Outlet pipe sheath (some models) Outlet pipe clasp (some models)Drain joint (some models)Seal ring(some models)Magnetic ring (wrap the electric wires S1 & S2 ( P & Q & E ) around the magnetic ring twice)(some models) Magnetic ring (Hitch it on the connective cable between indoor unit and outdoor unit after installation.)(some models) Conduit installation plate (some models)S1&S2(P&Q&E)Copper nut 2Varies by modelInstallation SummaryLN4567Evacuate the refrigeration systemConnect the wiresConnect the refrigerant pipesPerform a test runInstallation SummaryUnit PartsNOTE: The installation must be performed in accordance with the requirement of local and national standards. The installation may be slightly di erent in di erent areas.Unit PartsDisplay panel Drain pipeInstallation part Connecting pipe Air inlet Air outletRemote controller Air ow louver (at air outlet)Air inlet (with air lter in it)67885123456Indoor Unit InstallationInstallation Instructions – Indoor unitStep 1: Select installation location Before installing the indoor unit, you must choose an appropriate location. The following are standards that will help you choose an appropriate location for the unit.Proper installation locations meet the following standards:Indoor Unit InstallationRecommended distances between the indoor unitThe distance between the mounted indoor unit should meet the speci cations illlustrated in the following diagram.≥35mm≥1000m m≥ 35m m≥ 35m mNOTE:Panel installation should be performed after piping and wiring have been completed.☐ Enough room exists for installation andmaintenance.☐ Enough room exists for the connecting the pipe and drainpipe.☐ The ceiling is horizontal and its structure can sustain the weight of the indoor unit. ☐ The air inlet and outlet are not blocked.☐ The airflow can fill the entire room.☐ There is no direct radiation from heaters.DO NOT install unit in the followinglocations:Areas with oil drilling or frackingCoastal areas with high salt content in theairAreas with caustic gases in the air, such as hot springsAreas that experience power uctuations,such as factoriesEnclosed spaces, such as cabinetsKitchens that use natural gasAreas with strong electromagnetic wavesAreas that store flammable materials or gas Rooms with high humidity, such asbathrooms or laundry roomsIndoor UnitRefrigerant pipeconnection(D. gas side)Refrigerant pipeconnection(E. Liquid side)Drain pointHookACDEBIndoor parts installation sizeIndoor Unit InstallationCut o the roof beam.Strengthen the area at which the cut wasmade and consolidate the roof beam.Original concrete bricksSteel roof beam structureInstall and use the supporting steel angle.WoodPlace the wood mounting across the roof beam,then install the hanging screw bolts.New concrete bricksInlay or embed the screw bolts.(Blade shape insertion)(Slide insertion)Steel barEmbedding screw bolt(Pipe hanging and embedding screw bolt)1.Install and t pipes and wires after you havenished installing the main body.Whenchoosing where to start, determine thedirection of the pipes to be drawn out.Especially in cases where there is a ceilinginvolved, align the refrigerant pipes, drainpipes, and indoor and outdoor lines with theirconnection points before mounting the unit.2.The installation of hanging screw bolts.3.After the selection of the installation location,position the refrigerant pipes, drain pipes, andindoor and outdoor wires to the connectionpoints before mounting the machine.4.Drill 4 holes 10cm (4”) deep at the ceilinghook positions in the internal ceiling. Be sureto hold the drill at a 90° angle to the ceiling.5.Secure the bolt using the included washersand nuts.6.Install the four suspension bolts.7.Mount the indoor unit. You will need twopeople to lift and secure it. Insert suspensionbolts into the unit’s hanging holes. Fastenthem using the included washers and nuts.Step 2: Hang indoor unitInstall the hanging hook with expansiblebolt into the concrete to a depth of45~50mm to prevent loosening.Indoor Unit Installation8.Remove the side board and the grille.Screw nutWasherHanging screw boltOverhang partShockproof cushionNOTE: Con rm the minimum drain tilt is 1/100 ormore.9.Mount the indoor unit onto the hanging screw bolts with a block.Position the indoor unit on a at level by using a level to prevent leaks.Ceiling Installation20m mThe conduit installation plateSide boardscrews (not supply)Hanging arm Hanging screw boltWall-Mounted InstallationHow to install the conduit installation plate (if supplied)1. Fix the sheath connector (not supply) on the wire hole of the conduit installation plate.2. Fix the the conduit installation plate on the chassis of the unit.How to install the conduit installation plate (if supplied)1. Fix the sheath connector (not supply) on the wire hole of the conduit installation plate.Step 3: Drill wall hole for connective piping 1. Determine the location of the wall hole based on the location of the outdoor unit. 2. Using a 65mm (2.5in) or 90mm(3.54in)(depending on models )core drill, drill a hole in the wall. Make sure that the hole is drilled at a slight downward angle, so that the outdoor end of the hole is lower than the indoor end by about 12mm (0.5in). This will ensure proper water drainage. 3. Place the protective wall cu in the hole. This protects the edges of the hole and will help seal it when you nish the installation process.When drilling the wall hole, make sure to avoid wires, plumbing, and other sensitive components.WallIndoorOutdoor≈ 12mm / 0.5 inchIndoor Unit InstallationStep 4: Connect drain hoseNOTE ON DRAINPIPE INSTALLATION• When using an extended drainpipe, tighten the indoor connection with an additional protection tube to prevent it from pulling loose.• The drainpipe should slope downward at a gradient of at least 1/100 to prevent water from owing back into the air conditioner. • To prevent the pipe from sagging, space hanging wires every 1-1.5m (39-59”). • Incorrect installation could cause water to ow back into the unit and ood. The drainpipe is used to drain water away from the unit. Improper installation may cause unit and property damage.CAUTION•Insulate all piping to prevent condensation, which could lead to water damage. • If the drainpipe is bent or installed incorrectly, water may leak and cause a Indoor Drainpipe InstallationInstall the drainpipe as illustrated in the following Figure.1.2. Drainpipe connecting portDrain hosePipe claspInsulationCover the drainpipe with heat insulation to prevent condensation and leakage.Attach the mouth of the drain hose to the unit’s outlet pipe. Sheath the mouth of the hose and clip it rmly with a pipe clasp.Downward slope1/1001-1.5m (39-59”)NOTE: When connecting multiple drainpipes,install the pipes as illustrated in the followingFigure.≥10cm (4”)3.Pass the drain hose through the wall hole. Make sure the water drains to a safe locationOutdoor Unit Installation60c m(24i n)o n r i gh t200c m(79i n)i n fr o ntInstallation Instructions – Outdoor unitStep 1: Select installation locationBefore installing the outdoor unit, you mustchoose an appropriate location. The following arestandards that will help you choose an appropriatelocation for the unit.Proper installation locations meet thefollowing standards:☐Meets all spatial requirements shown inInstallation Space Requirements above.☐Good air circulation and ventilation☐Firm and solid—the location can support theunit and will not vibrate☐Noise from the unit will not disturb othersSPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR EXTREMEWEATHERIf the unit is exposed to heavy wind:Install unit so that air outlet fan is at a 90°angle to the direction of the wind. If needed,build a barrier in front of the unit to protect itfrom extremely heavy winds.See Figures below.StrongwindStrong windIf the unit is frequently exposed to heavyrain or snow:Build a shelter above the unit to protectit from the rain or snow. Be careful not toobstruct air flow around the unit.If the unit is frequently exposed to salty air(seaside):Use outdoor unit that is specially designed toresist corrosion.Wind Baffle☐Protected from prolonged periods of directsunlight or rainNear a public street, crowded areas, orwhere noise from the unit will disturb othersNear animals or plants that will be harmedby hot air dischargeNear any source of combustible gasIn a location that is exposed to largeamounts of dustIn a location exposed to a excessive amountsof salty air☐Where snowfall is anticipated, raise theunit above the base pad to prevent icebuildup and coil damage. Mount the unithigh enough to be above the averageaccumulated area snowfall. The minimumheight must be 18 inches。
VRV中央空调系统施工手册目录一、施工前准备 (3)4 ............................................................................................................................... . 二、施工方法.1、........................................................ VRV系统安装施工工艺及程序:42、管道和预埋件作业: (5)3、室内机安装:64、冷媒管施工: (8)5、冷凝水管安装(室内) (12)6、控制电线及线控器安装 (12)7、管道施工(室内管道机) (13)8、绝热施工(冷媒管) (13)9、室外机安装....................................................................... 1 410 、管道吹扫..................................................................... 1 511 、气密性试验................................................................... 1 612 、真空干燥..................................................................... 1 713 、运行调试:.................................................................... 1 814 、向业主移交: (20)三、质量保证措施 (21)四、施工部署 (22)施工方案VRV中央空调系统采用日立SETFREE变频空调机组。
远大Ⅹ型非电空调选型设计手册中央空调主机及输配系统功能制冷、制热、卫生热水(同时或单独提供)用途●中央空调冷热源●制取5℃以上冷水,95℃以下热水制冷量23kW〜11630kW( 2〜1000万大卡/时)能源●天然气 煤气 沼气 柴油 ●油气两用 多能源并用●发电或工业废热(蒸汽、 热水、烟气等)2011.03中文版(图为BZ200直燃机)目录大型非电中央空调工作原理 1直燃机额定参数 3一体化直燃机输配系统额定参数 3制热量加大型参数 4性能曲线图 5选型与订货 6成套供货清单 7蒸汽机额定参数 9一体化蒸汽机输配系统额定参数 9一体化热水、烟气机额定参数 11一体化单效蒸汽、热水、烟气机额定参数 12一体化多能源机额定参数 13 选型曲线图 15小型非电中央空调小型机额定参数 18选型与订货 19性能曲线图 19设计施工指南外形图 20 P&I图(管路仪表图) 33交付及施工范围 39机房土建 40管路系统 41控制系统 42外部配线图 43控制系统现场施工一览表 44搬运指南 45吊装及就位要领 46价格表不同能源主机价格比较表 47直燃机价格表 47废热机、多能源机价格表 48输配系统及机房价格表 49小型非电中央空调价格表 49远大非电空调价格政策 50节能对比综合对比117 204751 521制冷原理输入热能,使发生器的溴化锂溶液至140℃产生水蒸汽,水蒸汽被冷却水冷凝成水⋯⋯冷凝水进入蒸发器这个高真空环境,骤然蒸发,降温至5℃,喷洒到铜管上,使铜管内14℃的空调水降温至7℃,向中央空调用户提供冷冻水⋯⋯冷凝水吸收了空调热量变为水蒸汽,被来自发生器的浓溶液吸收,并将热量传递给冷却水,释放到大气中⋯⋯变稀的溶液被泵到发生器,再次被加热,再次产生水蒸汽⋯⋯如此循环不已。
注:溴化锂是一种吸水性极强的盐类物质,无毒无害。
大型非电中央空调 ( 主机+输配系统 )软水器自动冷却水泵空调水泵卫生热水泵高温发生器低温发生器冷凝器吸收器蒸发器高温热交换器低温热交换器空调冷水 7℃/14℃卫生热水 80℃/60℃热能输入泵组塔组主机自来水加药装置流量计稀溶液冷剂水冷剂蒸汽空调冷水冷却水卫生热水浓溶液图例:2制热原理输入热能加热溴化锂溶液,产生水蒸汽将制热铜管内的水加热,凝结水流回溶液中再次被加热⋯⋯如此循环不已。
随着社会的发展,中央空调不再局限于商业而走进了家庭,许多的家庭开始选用中央空调,一方面中央空调的制冷效果比较好,另一方面新型冷媒剂的使用,可以净化室内空气,中央空调在节能方面也占据了优势。
然而由于技术含量较高,导致许多消费者选择之处无法做出正确的选择,也由于家用中央勘探安装过程重要而隐蔽。
许多的不良厂家在工程设计及材料选择方面都草草了事,导致安装后问题百出,制冷网对家用中央空调做了全面的讲解为广大消费者参考
首先是家用中央空调的分类
目前市面上家用中央空高的产品分为以下三类:
一、是小型冷水机盘管的水系统;
二、是使用风道送风的风管机的风系统;
三、是变频一托多的类多联机空调系统。
1、多联机系统
传统的空调系统由两部分组成,室外机和室内机,两者一一对应。
而许多家庭需要多套空调,如果按传统系统,则室外部分需奥多个外机,如此影响室外的美观,更影响室内装修效果。
而多联机中央空调将多台室外机机组集中在一起用一台新型室外机代替。
由此,安装也便捷了。
另外由于中央空调系统大多采用风机独立控制的变频技术,因此能够大幅度的节省了运行成本。
2、水系统
水系统是在冷量传输的过程中变换了一次传输介质。
传统空调系统室外机中的压缩机制造冷量通过管道输送到室内机将冷量释放。
而水系统是在室内机与室外机之间增加一个换热水箱,室外机压缩机制造的冷量在换热水箱中传输到水中,对箱体内的水进行制冷,再由水泵将冷水输送到室内机。
3、风管机系统
如果说多联机系统表示多个室内机,那么风管机系统只有一个室内机。
所不同的是这个独一的室内机风量、制冷量非常之大。
风管机出风口部分连接多给风道,将冷量输送到各个房间。
第二:家用中央空调的优势
1、造价
经过多年的经验总结。
三列家用中央空调系统中,多联机由于室内均为独立控制的完整系统,因此造价相对高一点。
水系统由于室内机控制较为简单,因此造价相对适中。
而风管机从严格意义上将,不是造价的中央空调,由于只有一个室内机,各个房间都是一个很简单的管道,因此造相对低一点。
2、舒适性
由于多联机系统、风管机系统均为一次冷媒系统,而一次冷媒系统原理是冷媒剂直接在室内机与室内机之间传输,而且制冷剂本身温度可达到很低的范围,因此效果来的很快,短时间内就能达到想要的温度,适合各类房型...
水系统由于在室内机部分采用的是以水为媒介的传输形式,而水的比热较大,且水的温度变化幅度较小。
因此在装一水系统的室内,身体会感觉冷、热比较舒适,但效果来的比较慢,水系统适合房型较大或长时间住人的房子.....
3、节能
多联机大多数采用变频系统,各个室内机均可独立控制,独立调节温度,因此室外机可以根据室内机的冷量需求来调节运行速度,进而达到对冷量的控制。
因此多联机节能较明显。
水系统由于只是在冷量传输中进行了一次交换程序,因此不能从本质上节能。
风管机作为最低端的空调系统,采用的是典型的格式管理,虽然各个房间都有风口传输冷量但各个房间不独立控制,只要一个房间需要冷量整个系统都运行。
因此,能量浪费非常严重。
4、噪音
多联机系统的中央空调是只有一台室外机的,而且大多采用变频系统,所以噪音比较低。
而水系统的运行噪音较低。
由于风管机是采用一台室外机带动多台室内机,所以室内机的选型需要结合多个房间确定。
由于是通过风管将处理好的空气送到各房间,这也需要室内机提供足够的资用压力。
这就务必造成了室内机较大,噪声偏高。
第三:家用中央空调安装要点
家用中央空调作为典型的“大成本”,其整体性能发挥很大作用取决于工程的安装质量。
家专家—空调技术专家在多年的施工经验总结中,在国内首先提出了“三分质量、七分安装”的判断,现已成为业内共识。
因此,空调安装、连接与调试的好坏,将直接影响到用户的人身财产、环境安全和使用效果,并成为保障空调正常工作运行的重要环节。
如果空调安装质量不合格,会给消费者带来很多隐患
放眼望去,国内家用中央空调市场,由于作为典型的隐蔽工程,很多部分消费者无法监控,加之安装部分成本较高。
许多不良商家各种手段,其致不惜铤而走险。
空调买贵了,那冤枉钱还是花在明处。
而空调的使用成本上升,花在暗处的冤枉钱可就要源源不断啦。
第四:冷媒管道
冷媒管道是空调安装成本最大的一部分,由于铜管价格高昂,许多不法商家费劲心思在此部分节约成本。
以下是家专家技术专家提醒全国消费者需要注意几大隐患:
1、以旧代新
部分不法商家用回收的旧铜管来取代冷媒管道,由于旧的冷媒管道大多含有杂质,而冷媒管道直接与空调系统的压缩机相连,因此有杂质的冷媒管道都极易导致压缩机报废。
还好,旧的冷媒管道在外观上较易辨别,提示大家在采购冷媒管道时应从管道的颜色加以区分,旧的冷媒管道由于长期氧化,外皮呈黑红色。
危害指数:★★★★
2、以铝换铜
目前市场上有两种假冒的铜管。
一种是两端铜,中间铝。
该产品在管体两端焊接了部分铜管,中间大倍分为铝管。
危害指数:★★★★
特别提示:如果中间铝管部分出现问题是根本无法焊接修复的。
第二种是外层铜.内层铝,外层为铜,内层为铝及其具有欺骗性。
危害指数:★★★★
特别提示:承受压力有限,破裂后无法回复。
第三种是以薄代厚,迫于环保压力,部分国家将空调开始采用无对臭氧层破坏的新型环保冷媒。
随即而来的问题是,该冷媒压力幅度大,因此普通的管体无法满足压力要求,只能采用加厚的管道。
家专家目前采用的都是新型冷媒系统的加厚管道。
但是,也有商户在新系统中依旧采用薄壁管体。
对于消费者而言,根本无法判断其质量。
最后:冷凝水管
冷凝水管虽然在中央空调系统中造价根本占不了多少比例,但是几乎大部分问题系统问题更他有关系。
制冷网总结:制冷网提醒消费者,在选择家用中央空调安装时,不单单看产品及安装的价格,产品配件质量和安装工程质量方面更为重要,黎达制冷网专业从事制冷,拥有多年的经验,在北京有好加家的分店,制冷产品及配件齐全,并经过严格的质量检测,在安装方面已经形成了一支高技术,高素质的专业安装队伍。