高中英语被动语态讲解与练习1
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高中必备英语被动语态技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.A.will take B.will be taken C.have taken D.have been taken【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍照。
根据语境可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一般将来时态的被动语态。
故选B。
2.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A.serve B.is servingC.is being served D.has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
3.The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.A.search B.would be searchedC.be searched D.must be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。
句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。
command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,(should)+动词原形,此处everyone和search之间是被动关系,故答案为C。
4.It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.A.trapped B.have been trappedC.had trapped D.had been trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。
【英语】高中英语被动语态技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析一、单项选择被动语态1.—The window is dirty.—I know. It ________ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t cleanC.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。
解题步骤:1. 确定时态:这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏,现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。
2. 确定语态:主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。
句意:—窗户很脏。
—我知道,这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。
故选D。
2.The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.A.rewarded B.would be rewardedC.have been rewarded D.had been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:这两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。
根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”,可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情,而“两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元”是发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D。
考点:考查时态和语态3.-Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?-Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.A.had interviewed B.was interviewedC.was being interviewed D.is being interviewing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。
高中英语被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式.被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例, 各种时态的被动语态形式为:1.am/is/ar.+don.(过去分词.一般现在时. 2.ha./hav.bee.don.现在完成时3.am/i./ar.bein.don.现在进行时4.was/wer.don.一般过去时5.ha.bee.don.过去完成时6.was/wer.bein.don.过去进行时7.shall/wil.b.don.一般将来时8.should/woul.b.don.过去将来时9.shall/wil.hav.bee.don.将来完成时(少用)10.should/woul.hav.bee.don.过去将来完成时(少用)2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Th.bab.shoul.b.take.goo.car.o.b.th.baby-sitter.2.有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例Hi.mothe.gav.hi..presen.fo.hi.birthday.可改.H.wa.give..presen.b.hi.mothe.fo.hi.birthday.3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。
例Someon.caugh.th.bo.smokin..cigarette.可改为Th.bo.wa.caugh.smokin..cigarette.4)在使役动词have.make.get以及感官动词see.watch.notice.hear.feel.observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时, 在主动结构中不定式to要省略, 但变为被动结构时, 要加to。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.More than one worker ______ dismissed.A.have been B.areC.has been D.has【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。
句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。
如果主语由"many a,more than one +单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。
2.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A.serve B.is servingC.is being served D.has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
3.(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a coldfront________to arrive.A.will be expected B.is expectingC.expects D.is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意为:预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。
a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,expect是发生在现在的动作,要用一般现在时,故选D项。
答案:D4.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
被动语态讲解及练习一、单项选择被动语态1.I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.A.won't be seen B.wasn't seenC.hasn't been seen D.hadn't been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。
句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。
他好久没在这附近露面了。
根据this morning可知这是过去的事情;再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作,且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选D。
2. A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A.confirmed B.had been confirmedC.was confirmed D.have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年,当时,一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。
Confirm证实,确认,根据was reported in 2014可知,是过去的事情,先行词是2014,定语从句也用一般过去时,排除B、D;woman与confirm是动宾关系,即她是被确诊的,故选C。
考点:考查时态与被动语态3.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A.is held B.has been heldC.will be held D.had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。
高中英语必修课--被动语态复习知识讲解及巩固练习题(含答案解析)被动语态复习1概念引入主语是动作的发出者,谓语动词用主动语态;主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词用被动语态。
和时态一样,语态也是英语学习和使用中非常重要的一项语法,每年各地高考的题量都高于其它语法项目,也是语篇的正确理解的基础,更不用说在作文中的恰当应用的重要性了。
此单元我们将复习使用被动语态的注意事项和不定式的被动式的用法。
先看下面句子:1.Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer.2.Choose one and be prepared to tell the class about it briefly.3.It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife,Claire.4.Claire didn’t want the robot in her house,especially as her husband wouldbe absent for three weeks,but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed.5.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.这些句子中斜体词部分都用了被动语态形式,其中例句1、2、3是谓语动词的被动语态,例句4、5是不定式的被动语态。
例句1中controlled前省略了are;例句2是并列的两个祈使句,be prepared to意为“为做......准备好”。
用法讲解【高清课堂:复习被动语态一、基本用法(以do为例)】被动语态的时态变化(谓语动词):基本用法(以do为例)重点解析:1.被动语态的形式从时态上,分成现在、过去、将来,再细分为一般、进行、完成。
高中被动语态精华讲解1高中被动语态精华讲解被动语态是高中英语语法中的一个重要知识点,也是学生们较难掌握的部分。
掌握被动语态的用法不仅可以提高语法水平,还能够帮助学生更好地理解和运用英语。
一、被动语态的定义和结构1. 定义:被动语态是表示主语是被动接受动作的一种语态。
在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
2. 结构:被动语态的一般结构为“be + 过去分词”。
其中,be的形式根据主语的不同来决定,过去分词则是动词的过去式形式。
例如:主动语态:They built a new school.被动语态:A new school was built by them.二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作承受者:在一些情况下,强调动作的承受者比执行者更重要。
此时可以使用被动语态。
例如:主动语态:He wrote this song.被动语态:This song was written by him.2. 不知道或没有必要知道动作执行者:有时候,并不关心或者无法知道动作的执行者是谁。
这时使用被动语态可以更好地表达这种情况。
例如:主动语态:Someone has stolen my bike.被动语态:My bike has been stolen.3. 特殊句型的使用:在某些句型中,被动语态是固定搭配,必须使用被动语态表达。
例如:主动语态:They say that he is a genius.被动语态:It is said that he is a genius.三、被动语态的时态和语态变化1. 时态变化:被动语态的时态是由be的形式来决定的。
be根据动词的时态进行变化。
例如:一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词一般将来时:will be + 过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词2. 语态变化:被动语态中的动词以及其它补充成分的变化规律如下:- 一般现在时:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时:主语 + will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时:主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时:主语 + was/were being + 过去分词四、常见被动语态的使用错误在学习和使用被动语态时,需要注意一些常见的错误。
高中英语语法现在完成时的被动语态专项讲解练习现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。
这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义,因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼,难以把握。
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题:一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式肯定式主语+have/has been done...否定式主语+have/has not been done...一般疑问式Have/Has+主语+been done...?特殊疑问式疑问词+have/has+主语+been done...?A new network has been set up.一个新的网络已经建立起来了。
To Tom’s disappointment,his novel has not been published.让汤姆失望的是,他的小说还没有被出版。
Has his bike been repaired?他的自行车修好了吗?How many residents have been invited to the conference?有多少居民受到了参会邀请?二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,通常与already,yet,never,recently等副词及时间状语so far,by now,up till/to now,since等连用。
The database has already been updated.数据库已经被更新了。
(现在可以使用新的数据库了)2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在,并可能继续持续下去,常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用,或用于how long引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。
【英语】高中英语被动语态常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择被动语态1.When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .A.are being painted B.are paintingC.were being painted D.were painting【答案】C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。
句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉刷。
根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选C。
2.I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.A.have told; wash B.have been told; washC.was told; washed D.have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。
根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。
可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。
他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。
选B。
3.The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A.inspired B.promptedC.rised D.insured【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。
A. inspired鼓舞;B. prompted引起,提示;C. rised上升;D. insured确保。
句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。
结合句意可知此处用被动语态,故答案为A。
4.Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lightning.A.was just struck B.were just struckC.would just be struck D.had just been struck【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。
被动语态一、被动语态的基本构成一般时is/am/are + done (现在) was/were + done (过去) will/shall be done (将来)进行时is/am/are +being done (现在) was/were +being +done (过去)完成时have/has +been +done (现在) had been done (过去)练习:1) Visitors ___________ (request) not to touch the exhibits.2) All the preparations for the task_______________(complete), and we're ready to start.3) Look, a new cinema _____________(build) here now.4) I _____________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______________(complete) in Beijing.6) A meeting ___________________(hold) when I was there.7) Hundreds of job_____________ (lose) if the factory closes.8) The news ____________________(send) to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) The project ____________________(complete) before July.10)He told me that his new clothes ____________________(make)very soon.11)The baby ____________________(take care of) by the baby-sitter. 应该由保姆照顾2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式二. 主动语态与被动语态的转换1. 主+谓+宾结构:Rowling wrote Harry Potter. ___________________________________________.The government supported the research. _____________________________________.No one has ever beaten her at tennis.________________________________________.We didn’t notice anything special in his work. __________________________________.1.主+谓+间宾+直宾:His mother gave him a present for his birthday. _____________________________________________.My uncle bought me a new computer. _____________________________________________________.______________________________________________________. Our teacher offered us many suggestions to reduce pressure._____________________________________.__________________________________________. 注意: 加to或者forShe told me when the project would start. ______________________________________.2.主+谓+宾+宾补:People call this team a cheer-leading squad. _____________________________________.注意:在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, look at, watch, notice,observe, hear, listen to, feel,help等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.__________________________________.3.表示“据说,相信,认为,期待”等动词后含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句,如;We know that he is the best dentist in the town. _______________________________________________.重点拓展:It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议。
三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.不及物动词的主动语态表被动意义。
(1)可用来表示主语内在“品质”“性能”的不及物动词:break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,常与well/ badly/easily/smoothly搭配。
1例This kind of cloth washes well.注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)(2)某些状态动词或不及物动词,在汉语中虽有被动意味,但英语中用主动形式,如:weigh,measure,cost,spread,last,happen,break out,take place,consist of, come out, come about, come across, get across, run out, give out, turn out等。
This wall measures 10 meters long. The news that a famous singer would give a show spread quickly.2.系动词的主动语态表被动:look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,remain,stay,appear。
The music sounds comfortable. This shirt feels much softer than that one.四.非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义1. 不定式的主动表被动a. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
This problem is difficult to work out .b. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted?With something to buy, she went to market.I have a letter to write. She has something to say.c. 在be to do结构中如rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
Am I to blame? The house is to let.2. 动名词的主动表被动。
a. 在need,want,require, deserve等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
b.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
重点拓展:被动形式表主动意义,某些动词+反身代词可变为被动结构表主动意义如devote oneself to, dress oneself, seat oneself, amuse oneself, lose oneself, prepare oneself for, concern oneself about......变为:be devoted to, be hidden in, be buried in, be absorbed in , be lost, be seated in, be faced with, be prepared for......五、被动语态与系表结构的区别当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作;作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时,be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词。
其区分办法如下:1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken.________The glass was broken by the boy._________The teacher was pleased by her answer. ________The teacher was pleased with her answer. _________2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。