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口译笔记速记符号归总一、做口译笔记时的注意事项1.口译笔记应记要点，切忌求记“全”。
口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，不应也不必取代记忆。
口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。
2.口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。
3.口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。
只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。
例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。
4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语，例如：cf（compare），Co（company），eg（for example），etc（and so on），esp（especially），ie（that is），max（maximum），min（minimum），ref（reference），std（standard），usu（usually），等。
二、常用速记符号速记是一项特殊的技巧，速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。
在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。
口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。
记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。
人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。
顾名思义，短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆，长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。
影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多，其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。
即便是当感知的信息有意义时，人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子，或者一组十位数的数字。
因此，对于口译工作者来说，完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的，记笔记便显得十分重要。
in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicslib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.estg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example: January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
VOA 20091023 外交部翻译口译笔记Many people think the search for cleaner energy leads only torenewable resources like sun, wind and water.许多人认为寻找更清洁能源仅限于开采太阳，风和水等能源。
But it also leads to a fossil fuel.但是，还有一种，矿物燃料。
Natural gas is considered the cleanest of the fossil fuels, thefuels created by plant and animal remains over millions ofyears.天然气被认为最清洁的矿物燃料。
矿物燃料由植物或动物遗体经过数百万年转化而来。
Burning it releases fewer pollutants than oil or coal.燃烧天然气释放的污染物少于石油或煤炭。
The gas is mainly methane.天然气的主要成分是甲烷，It produces half the carbon dioxide of other fossil fuels.它释放出的二氧化碳气体是其他矿物燃料的一半。
So it may help cut the production of carbon gases linked toclimate change.所以，天然气也能帮助减少与气候变化有关的二氧化碳排放量。
Russia is first in what are called "proved reserves" of naturalgas.俄罗斯是首个拥有天然气“探明储备”的国家，The United States is sixth.美国是第六个。
Over the years, big oil and gas companies recovered much of the easily reached supplies of gas in America.几年来，大型石油和天然气公司已经开采了美国比较容易获得的天然气储备。
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写二. 货币简写三．时间简写四．度量衡五. 缩略词六．较长单词的处理办法七．字母、图像、符号Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form. a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form. a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible 。
费胜潮（右）,湖北武汉人，毕业于武汉大学英文专业,外交部高级翻译，2006-2009在温家宝总理的记者招待会上担任翻译，费胜潮嗓音淳厚，充满磁性。
张建敏，浙江杭州人，2002担任朱镕基总理记者会的翻译，2003年担任温家宝总理记者会的翻译。
大家好！我们非常高兴有机会就外事翻译的学习与实践和大家进行交流。
感谢大家对我们翻译工作的关心。
翻译室下设三个处：英文处，法文处和培训处，集中了英、法翻译，主要负责外交文件、文书的笔译以及党和国家领导人和外交部领导外事活动的口译。
在外交部各地区司，还有其它各语种的外事翻译，他们往往身兼数职，既做翻译，又搞调研，对所学语言国家的情况了解极为深入，在不少方面都值得我们学习。
翻译室年轻人占80%以上，是一个充满朝气和活力、富有战斗力的集体。
大家重视政治学习，跟踪国内外形势，钻研业务，相互切磋，蔚然成风，生活中团结友爱，互帮互助。
近年来，在外交部领导的直接关心下，翻译室进一步加强了培训力度，使大家有了更多学习提高的机会。
我们满怀信心，在新形势下迎接各种挑战，发扬老一辈外事翻译工作者的优良作风，力争把翻译工作做得更好。
【全体嘉宾】翻译工作有什么“窍门”？你们实践经验丰富，请举例传授方法。
【Emily】Practice makes perfect. 也就是熟能生巧、业精于勤，不知这是否算是“窍门”？其次是要认真充分地进行准备，如果是接待某国外长来访，至少要事先了解该国基本情况、双边关系现状、来访主要目的、外长简历、我方立场等，有可能的话不妨查阅对方近期重要演讲和表态，以便了解其观点和语言风格，如果提前能有音像资料，则再好不过了，另外名字的读音和称呼有否特别之处，也需要留意。
此外，翻译时要灵活运用句型，学会举一反三。
例如，He is the tallest in our class 可有好几种译文：他是我们班最高的；他比班里所有同学都高；论身高，我们班谁都不及他；在我们班，大家都比他个儿矮，等等。
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口译笔记速记符号归总目录[1］。
Note-taking symbols and abbreviations［2］。
关于缩略词[3］.关于字母和图像［4］。
用箭头、数字符号、标点符号来表示1。
Note—taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time。
Symbols helpful in math —— these are commonly used in texts and references。
S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g。
= exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word。
口译笔记符号大汇总之羊若含玉创作一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 器械南北中等方位“|－”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜) ROK“K”the DemocraticPeople’s Republic ofKorea（北朝鲜）DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德) “G|”Western Europe（西欧）“|EU”二. 泉币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound ￡US dollar $Renminbi/RMB ￥Australian dollars #AAustrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar €New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円三．时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute ’second ’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight ntoday d yesterday .dthe day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday ddlast night ’n next morning m’this week w the week before last ”wMonday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4wFriday 5w Saturday 6wSunday 7w this month mJanuary 1m February 2mMarch 3m April 4mMay 5m June 6mJuly 7m August 8m September 9m October 10m November 11m December 12dmtwo month ago .2m this year ytwo year later y2. 1949年前/491949年后49/ 1949岁尾4920年以后20y| century Csince/ever since ┠uo to now/ until ┫四．器量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ftminimeter mm knot ktmile mi acre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least ALAdvice ADV Approve APVas soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAPare R Amount AMT Building BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO. Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XLFinal FNT Flight FLTFor your reference FYR Freight FRTGuarantee GUAR Good GDHome office H.O. Interested INTSTInformation INFO important IMPI owe you IOU In stead of I/OIn view of IVO Include IINCDinsurance INS Impossible IMPSIndividual INDIV Minimum MINMarket MKT Manufacture MANUFMessage MSG manager MGRModel MDL Memorandum MEMONo later than NLT Necessary NCRYOrdinary ORD Observe OBSObtain OBT Product PRODPatent PAT Packing PKGPlease PLS People PLPiece PC Position POSNPossible POSS(BL) Quantity QUTYQuality QLTY room RMRegular REGL Representative REPReservation RESN Repeat RPTResponsible RESPON receive RCVReference REF Situation SITNStandard STD Section SECThough THO TGM TelegraphThanks TKS Telephone TELTrade TRD through THRUTemporary TEMP Traffic TRFTotal TTL You UYour UR Will WLWeek WK Weight WT六．较长单词的处理方法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ism m socialism Sm-tion n standardization (尺度化) stdn-cian o technician techo-ing g marketing (市场营销) MKTg-ed d accepted acptd-able/ible/ble bl available avbl-ment mt amendment amdmt-ize z recognize regz-ful fl meaningful mnfl 七．字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人ｏ右上角Janpanese日自己JPｏGovernment/govern C政府Governmental official CZPolitics/political P政治politician PZEfficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 引导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业conflict/confrontation C×冲突/抵触work/employ W 工作/职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同/协议bilateral（双边的）U内填入2 trilateral (三边的) U内填入3 Unilateralism（单边主义）U内填入1 Multiple(多边主义) U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation □国度/平易近族/国土Import进口gO outport出口Ogchair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges: ∞接洽fishery ∞ 打鱼业head of government/ company CT international/worldwide/global/universal○ 国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium⊙会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excited J 高兴/愉快/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sadL 生气/惆怅/哀痛/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don’t care much O 漠不关怀/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/onthe whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present to g→ 到达/传达lead to/result in/in thedirection of→ 导致/引导come/go back to/originate ←追溯到be/come from/return/receivefromf← 自于launch/open/start ↗发射/投放市场/刊行develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance↑ 成长/增强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/ arise/ascend h↑ 上升ups and downs/twists andturns/roller coaster<< 挫折submit to ↓屈服exchange/mutual n交换amatch/rival/competitor/counter part/against VS敌手many/lots of/a great deal of/agood many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/填补more ++/+2多的比较级most +3 多的最高等little/few/lack/in short of/be in shortage of/minus －少/减去/除去about/around/orso/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than > 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass ∧高inferior to ∨低among/within ( ) 在...之间but yet however ∧转折cross out/eliminate / 否认/消除question/issue ? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to ！赞叹/特别注意matchless/peerless 无敌say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare : 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to astandstill/stop∥停止right/good/famous/well-known √对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative×错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree withsb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagree N不合意thought *想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/brilliant☆重要的very/extremely __ 强调程度under the circumstance ￣在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in other words/the same as/be equal to =即/等于/相当于/同等be different from≠不合/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/alongwith/accompany/alongwith/further more&和/与belong to ∈属于basis of/perpendicular/ is perpendicular to ⊥…的基本therefore/so/as a result/consequently∴所以/成果because/because of/due to ∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen ○3 听说about ＠关于parallel // water H2O for 4 to 2 without w/o with w/ plus or minus ±times x so on, etc, and so forth ···divided by ÷circle, circumference ○degree ℃ellipse 0 percent % diameter θper thousand ‰triangle, delta △between |.| inside/ within/include/ among, ( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty Oas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡ 一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence ⊥(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or / 或者right angle ∟Representative/delegation/ delegation △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountain ω山climb the mountain ω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of ·|above/on/over ～上加一点·below/beneath/under ～下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed ︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness⊙资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping 维p 第三世界3w。
