过去完成时形式讲解及解析百度文库
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初中英语过去完成时时态结构与用法详细解析标志:had + 动词的过去分词1. 表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。
如:By the end of last week he had finished the work.He had left when I arrived.2. 表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
如:We had not seen each other since I left Beijing.The film had been on for 5 minutes when I got to the cinema.3. 某些表意向的动词(如intend, think, plan, expect, hope 等)的过去完成时表示主语未曾实现的愿望、希望、打算。
如:I had intended to visit you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.4. (虚拟语气)在条件状体从句或wish / would rather等后面的从句中,使用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的主观愿望。
如:The party wouldn’t have been so perfect if you hadn’t come.I wish I had gone with you to the concert that day.5. 过去完成时与一般过去时1) 基本区别:过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态,即过去完成时强调“过去的过去”,而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。
如:He studied there two years ago.他两年前在那儿学习(离现在两年)He said he had studied there two years before.他说他两年前在那儿学习过。
人教版英语过去完成时的用法大全及解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.By the time I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home.A. have forgottenB. had forgottenC. have leftD. had left【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我到学校的时候,我意识到我把书包忘在家里。
考查过去完成时。
by the time:到…时候为止;通常引导一个时间状语从句,表示“到……的时候为止”主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。
值得注意的是,当从句用过去时时,主句通常用过去完成时。
Leave sth. Sp.:把…落在某地。
结合句意和语境可知选D。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时的用法。
2.Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day.A. planB. plannedC. had plannedD. would plan【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。
plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前,表示过去的过去,要用过去完成时had+过去分词。
故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。
注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。
3.Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what .A. happenedB. had happenedC. would happenD. was happened【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室,我问他发生了什么。
根据动词asked 一般过去时可知,动词happen的动作发生在asked之前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had+过去分词。
过去完成时难点、易错点含答案解析百度文库一、初中英语过去完成时1.The film when I got there.A. was onB. has been onC. had begunD. has begun【答案】 C【解析】【分析】题中“I got there”表现的是过去时,且题意表达已经开始故为过去完成时,故选C.【点评】此题考查过去完成时。
2.— How long has the train been away?— Sorry. I don't know. By the time I got here, the train ________.A. has leftB. was leavingC. had been awayD. had left【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——火车离开多久了?——很抱歉。
我不知道。
我到这儿的时候,火车已经离开了。
由By the time I got here可知该用过去完成时,所以选C。
【点评】考查动词时态。
3.She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. had been on【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:她说当她到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始五分钟了。
根据got 可知,电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态,应该用过去完成时,所以排除A和C。
开始begin,电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态,要用延续性的动词,所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on,故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
4.—Did you see Tom at the party?—No, he by the time I got there.A. leftB. was leavingC. had leftD. has left【答案】 C【解析】【分析】by the time的从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时,表示主句的动作先发生,故选C。
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
* We had finished our dinner when he arrived.(他来的时候我们已经吃完晚饭了。
)* When I got to the cinema, the film had started.(当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。
)二、过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成:had + 过去分词。
基本结构:主语 + had + 过去分词+ …* She had already left when I arrived.(我到的时候她已经离开了。
)* I had finished my work before he called.(他打电话之前我已经完成了我的工作。
)三、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
* They had gone out before I arrived.(我到之前他们就已经离开了。
)* She had read the book before she went to bed.(她在睡觉前已经读过那本书了。
)2. 表示过去的过去,即在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
常和过去时连用。
* He said that he had visited the museum before.(他说他以前去过博物馆。
)* She had finished her homework when her mother came back.(当她妈妈回来时,她已经完成了作业。
)四、过去完成时的练题1. __________(you, finish) your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party __________(start) .3. I __________(not, see) the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I __________(study) Chinese for three years.5. They __________(already, leave) when I got to the station.【答案】1. Had you finished your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party had started.3. I had not seen the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I had studied Chinese for three years.5. They had already left when I got to the station.。
过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。
----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在构成:过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成,其中 had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning.二、过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
如: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在:( 1 )宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。
初中英语语法及过去完成时详解过去完成时是英语中一种表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况的时态。
它由"had + 过去分词"构成。
过去完成时的用法如下:1. 表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作:①She had already finished her homework when I arrived.(我到达时,她已经完成了作业。
)这里表示在我到达之前,她已经完成了作业。
②They had left before the concert started.(音乐会开始之前,他们已经离开了。
)这里表示在音乐会开始之前,他们已经离开了。
2. 表示在过去某一时间点之前持续的动作或状态:①He had been studying English for three years before he moved to England.(在他搬去英国之前,他已经学习英语三年了。
)这里表示在他搬去英国之前,他一直在学习英语。
需要注意的是,过去完成时强调的是过去某一时间点之前的动作或情况。
因此,常与过去的时间状语连用,如before、after等,以明确指定过去的时间点。
另外,过去完成时常与过去简单时连用,用于表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后顺序。
过去完成时的动作通常发生在过去简单时的动作之前。
例如:①She had finished her homework before she went to bed.(她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。
)②They had already left when I arrived at the party.(当我到达派对时,他们已经离开了。
)总结起来,过去完成时用于表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况,常与过去的时间状语连用,以明确指定过去的时间点。
同时,过去完成时通常与过去简单时连用,以表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后关系。
过去完成时讲解过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense)用于表示在过去某个时间或事件发生之前已经完成的动作或状态。
它通常由助动词“had”和动词的过去分词构成。
过去完成时的结构如下:肯定句:主语 + had + 过去分词否定句:主语 + had not / hadn't + 过去分词疑问句:Had + 主语 + 过去分词?以下是一些例句以及对过去完成时的一些说明:1. I had already eaten when he arrived.(当他到达时,我已经吃过了。
)在这个例句中,过去完成时用来表示在他到达之前,我已经吃过饭了。
2. She had finished her homework before she went to bed.(她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。
)在这个例句中,过去完成时用来表示在她上床睡觉之前她已经完成了作业。
3. They hadn't seen the movie before it won the award.(在这部电影获奖之前,他们还没有看过。
)在这个例句中,过去完成时用来表示在电影获奖之前,他们还没有看过它。
过去完成时通常与另一个过去时态结合使用,以明确过去事件发生的顺序。
当表示两个过去动作的先后关系时,过去完成时一般用于较早发生的动作或状态,而过去时则用于较晚发生的动作。
例如:I had studied English before I moved to the United States.(在我搬去美国之前,我已经学过英语。
)在这个例句中,过去完成时表示在搬去美国之前,我已经学过英语。
而过去时“moved”则表示搬去美国这一晚一发生的动作。
总之,过去完成时用来表示在过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态,通常与另一个过去时态结合使用,以明确时间顺序。
英语过去完成时试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.By the end of last year they _________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains.A. had plantedB. have plantedC. were plan ngD. would plant 【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:到去年末,他们已经在山上种植了上万棵橘子树。
根据 By the end of last year, 可知句子时态为过去完成时,因此用had planted,故答案是A。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意识记与过去完成时想搭配的时间状语。
2.We are too red. Please stop __________ a rest.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。
stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A【点评】注意时态一致,3.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.A. raisedB. would raiseC. had raisedD. has raised 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。
根据 By the end of last month,可知句子的时态为过去完成时,C是过去完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
4.Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.A. worksB. has workedC. had workedD. would work 【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前,他已经在香港工作了10年了。
过去完成时形式讲解及解析百度文库一、初中英语过去完成时1.—What's up?—I missed the train. By the time I got to the train station, the trainfor 10 minutes.A. had leftB. has leftC. has been awayD. had been away【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:一怎么啦?一我错过了火车。
在我到达火车站前,火车已经离开了十分钟了。
A.had left过去完成时态;B.has left 现在完成时态;C.has been away现在完成时;D.had been away过去完成时。
by the time,在......之前,是过去完成时的标志词,表示过去的过去的时间。
和一段时间连用,动作应该是延续性的,leave对应的延续性状态是be away,故选D。
2.Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day.A. planB. plannedC. had plannedD. would plan【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。
plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前,表示过去的过去,要用过去完成时had+过去分词。
故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。
注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。
3.By the time we got there, the film ________ already.A. beganB. has begunC. have begunD. had begun【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我们到那儿时,电影已经开始了。
by the time,直到……时候,指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间,常与过去完成时连用。
故选D。
【点评】考查时态,注意 by the time+过去时的用法。
4.By the time he ______________ at the cinema, the movie ______________ for five minutes.A. arrived; had begunB. had arrived; had begunC. arrived; had been onD. had arrived; had been on【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:当他到达电影院时,电影已经开演五分钟了。
arrived到达,一般过去时;had begun开始,过去完成时,had been on进行,上映;begin开始,是短暂性动词,不能和段时间连用,根据for five minutes.故排除AB,be on进行,上映,表状态,可和段时间连用,by the time到……时候,从句用一般过去时,表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”,主句用过去完成时,故选C。
【点评】考查动词时态。
注意句子涉及到begin和be on的词义和用法。
5.She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. had been on【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:她说当她到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始五分钟了。
根据got 可知,电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态,应该用过去完成时,所以排除A和C。
开始begin,电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态,要用延续性的动词,所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on,故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
6.By the time he at the railway station, the train .A. had arrived; had leftB. arrived; had leftC. arrived; leftD. had arrived; has left 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】由语境可知,到达火车站发生在火车离开之后,故排除A、D两项。
by the time引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时,故选B。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
7.—We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?—Because I that movie twice.A. have watchedB. had watchedC. was watchingD. would watch【答案】 B【解析】【分析】“看过电影”这一动作发生在“没去影院”之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选B。
句意是:—昨天晚上除了你之外我们都去电影院了,你为什么没来?—因为这部电影我已经看过两次了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法,表示过去的过去。
8.By the time I locked the door, I realized I my keys at home.A. had repairedB. had changedC. had forgottenD. had left【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意为“到我锁门的时候,我才意识到把钥匙忘在家里了”,表示“把某物遗忘在某处”要用leave。
该动作发生在realized之前,用过去完成时,故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
9.By the end of last year they _________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains. A. had planted B. have planted C. were planting D. would plant【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:到去年末,他们已经在山上种植了上万棵橘子树。
根据By the end of last year,可知句子时态为过去完成时,因此用had planted,故答案是A。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意识记与过去完成时想搭配的时间状语。
10.The little boy me a few minutes before his mother showed up.A. stares atB. has stared atC. looks atD. had stared at【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:这个小男孩在他妈妈出现之前一直盯着我。
根据stare这个动作发生在他妈妈showed up出现之前,是过去的过去,可知用过去完成时had+过去分词。
故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时,熟记过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。
11.Mr. Smith ________ in a car factory for ten years before he came to China.A. had workedB. worksC. is workingD. will work【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:史密斯先生来中国前在一个汽车厂工作十年了。
根据before he came to China,可知他来汽车厂发生在来中国前,所以句子时态是过去完成时,had worked,故选A。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时。
根据时间状语确定句子时态。
12.Everything he ____ away from him before he returned to his hometown.A. tookB. had been takenC. had had been takenD. had taken【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意为:他所拥有的一切在他回家之前都被拿走了。
根据题干中的before he returned to his hometown,可知主句的谓语动词要用过去完成时,又因everything 与take 之间存在动宾关系,且everything 作take 的宾语,谓语动词要用被动语态,过去完成时的被动语态的基本构成是had been +过去分词,第一个had表示拥有的意思,后面的had been taken是过去完成时的被动语态。
故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时的被动语态的基本构成。
13.The film when I got there.A. was onB. has been onC. had begunD. has begun【答案】 C【解析】【分析】题中“I got there”表现的是过去时,且题意表达已经开始故为过去完成时,故选C.【点评】此题考查过去完成时。
14.By the time I got there, the football match ________ already ________.A. has; finishedB. was; finishedC. had; finishedD. /; finished【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:到我到达那里的时候,足球赛已经结束了。
by the time通常用完成时态,根据got可知是过去完成时,故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
15.I thought I _________in my project report , but the manager said he didn't see it at all.A. handB. am handingC. have handedD. had handed【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我以为我已经上交了我的项目报告,但是经理说他根本没有看到。
hand上交,是一个动词原形;am handing是现在进行时态;have handed现在完成时态;had handed过去完成时态。
句中I thought使用的是一般过去时态,而根据句意可知,上交项目报告应该发生在这之前,故应使用过去完成时态,选D。
【点评】考查动词的时态,本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
16.By the time I finished my homework,my mother .A. sleptB. has been asleepC. was asleepD. had been asleep【答案】 D【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时,故选D.【点评】考查过去完成时。
17.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.A. raisedB. would raiseC. had raisedD. has raised【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。