第二讲 主谓一致

d) 单复数同形的名词做主语，要根据意思来确定位 于动词的单复数形式，单复数同形的名词有： Aircraft, deer, fish, sheep, means species, series, works, crossroads, headquarters … e)成双成对出现的复数名词：glasses, scissors, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, stockings, socks, slippers 做主 语，谓语用复数但如果前面有：a/ the pair of; a / the suit of, 谓语动词可以和pair, suit 保持一致。
f) each, either, neither 既可以做代词充当主语，又可 以做形容词修饰主语，这是谓语用单数; somebody, nobody, everything, anyone 做主语，谓 语用单数。 Neither boy is to blame Either of you is going to help him Is everyone here today?
c) 表示时间、距离、度量、金额等单位的可名词短语做主语， 通常被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Two weeks is not enough for the work. Five miles is as far as the boy can walk. d) 四则运算，常被看作一个整体，谓语用单数 Two and two is four Sixty minus forty is twenty e) one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句+ 谓语动词用复数 the only one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句 + 谓语动词用单数
其他： many a / more than one + 单数可数名词做主语，谓语用 单数 More…（复数） than one做主语，谓语动词用复数。 Many a boy likes playing football. More than one week has passed



i) The + adj 表示一类人或物时 + 谓（复数） The young ( ) better at learning new things The young( ) my uncle. j)某些学科或疾病名称虽是词尾加-s, 谓语动词仍用单数形式： Electronics, mechanics, classics, linguistics, economics, statistics, physics, mathematics… k）表示书名，报名，剧名，国名的名词作主语时，如只指一 种、一本或一个不论它是单数复数，谓语动词只用单数形式： The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn ( ) written by the famous American humorist Mark Twain The New York Times ( ) not available here. The United States ( ) founded in 1776.

2.3 整体原则/ 语法一致 a) “and” “both…and…” Note: the N1+N2 Each, every, no N1 + N2 A secretary and typist is needed. 需要一位秘书兼打字员。

f) a series of, a kind of, a rm of… +名词谓语动词用单数。 g) all, none, most, half, the rest, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the reminder of+ + 可数名词，谓语动词用复数； + 不可数名词，或单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 h)分数，百分数， 与可数名词单数或与不可数名词搭配时，谓语动词用单数， 与复数可数名词搭配时，谓语动词用复数形式 One – fourth of his income ( ) on rent. (go) 他的四分之一的收入 花在房租上。 Thirty percent of the volunteers ( ) women. (be)百分之三十的志 愿者是女生。
not…but; whether …or, or…等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数 取决于靠近它的词语。 b) There be (live, lie, stand)…结构中谓语动词的单复数取决于靠近它 的词. Note: one or two + 复数名词 谓语动词用复数
2.2意义一致的原则 a) 某些集合名词—具有单数和复数意义的，但表示“整体”概念 时，谓语动词用单数； 被看作集体的各个成员时，谓语动词复数 。 family, class, audience, group, government, team, crowd, club, company, enemy，army, crew, staff, cabinet, band… b) 只表示复数意义的集体名词：cattle, folk, people, police, poultry 做主语谓语动词用复数。 c) 只有单数形式的不可数名词：baggage, equipment, luggage, furniture , jewelry …
b) 主语与谓语之间插有together with, along with, besides, as well as, rather than, except, in addition to, like等引起的短语时，谓语动词不受这些定语或状语 插入成分的影响，依然与主语保持一致。 The mother together with her children ( ) bathing in the sun. (be) No one but Jim and peter ( ) .(know)
L) 以-s结尾表示山脉，群岛等复数意义的专有名词作 主语是谓语动词用复数。 The Alps (阿尔卑斯山) the Maldives (马尔代夫群岛) The Philippine Islands (菲律 宾群岛) The Olympic Games (奥运会) The Alps are the greatest mountain range in Europe. Note: The number of / a number of The variety of / a variety of
第二讲 主谓一致
人文系商务英语教研室
第二讲 主谓一致
教学目标：主谓一致 重点：主谓一致的三个原则。 难点：主谓一致的三个原则。 教学方法：讲练结合 课时分配: 2学时
1主谓一致定义 2 主谓一致遵循的三大原则： 就近原则 意义一致原则 整体原则
2.1 就近原则：谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于最靠 近它的主语。 a) 由并列连词：Not only…but also; neither…nor; either…or;
One more knife and fork is needed War and peace is constant theme in history. A needle and threat Salt and water Bread and butter A watch and claim Early to bed and early to up Every flower and every tree is to be cut down. Every hour and every minute is vital to me now No man and no woman is busy working there