重庆八中2018届高考适应性月考(五)文综试卷(扫描版)

重庆市第八中学校2023届高三下学期高考适应性月考（八）语文试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、现代文阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。

材料一：“创造性叛逆”是对文学翻译特征的一个很恰切概括。

文学翻译有两个层面。

一是语言转换层面。

在这一层面，强调语言转换的等值，追求译作对原作在各方面的忠实，再现原作的精神风貌、文学意蕴和语言特色。

二是文学再创造的层面。

这一层面指译者将原作者所创造的意象、意境、艺术风格等等，通过译者的解读、体会再度传达出来，是在原作规定的有限范围内的再度创作。

虽然译者在主观上努力追求全面再现原作，但实际上不可能完全做到。

这有两个方面的原因。

第一，译者的文化心理、文化价值取向、个人的审美心理、文学气质、认知能力和语言表达水平，都会影响对译作的“全面忠实”再现。

特别是，如果译者出于政治、意识形态、审美或道德等方面的原因，有意误译原作，这样，翻译的叛逆和再创造的特征就会更明显。

第二，也是更重要的一点，文学翻译不是在真空中进行的，而总是处于一定的文化语境之中。

译语文化中的政治、意识形态、文学观念、经济等因素，不仅影响译者的翻译选择、过程和策略，也影响译作的文学意义及其接受。

（摘编自查明建《译介学：渊源、性质、内容与方法—兼评比较文学论著、教材中有关“译介学”的论述》）材料二：在文学翻译中，译者的创造性叛逆有多种表现，但概括起来不外乎两种类型：有意识型和无意识型。

具体的表现有以下四种：个性化翻译。

译者，尤其是优秀的译者，在从事文学翻译时大多都有自己信奉的翻译原则，并且还有其独特的追求目标。

譬如同样是拜伦的诗，马君武用七言古诗体译，苏曼殊用五言古诗体，而胡适则用离骚体。

不同的诗体不仅赋予拜伦的诗以不同的中文面貌，更重要的是，它们还塑造了彼此不同的诗人拜伦的形象。

误译与漏译。

绝大多数的误译与漏译属于无意识型创造性叛逆。

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重庆市第八中学校2023届高三下学期高考适应性月考（七）政治试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1、2022年12月召开的中央经济工作会议进一步强调坚持推进高水平对外开放，传递出中国坚定不移推进改革开放的时代强音。

对此理解正确的是①人民群众是改革开放的决定性力量②改革开放只有进行时，没有完成时③改革开放是中国共产党全部理论和实践的主题④改革开放是发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2、十年前，改革开放后全国第一个自由贸易试验区在上海应运而生，上海自贸区挂牌后，推出了全国第一张负面清单，从2013年的190条缩减至2021年年底的27条，负面清单成了自贸区内企业最频繁提及、让他们获得感最多的制度创新之一。

负面清单制度能A.优化精简政府机构职能，提高政府工作效率B.更好地使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用C.加快完善主要由市场决定价格的机制D.降低企业经营风险，促进企业创新发展3、在改革开放45周年到来之际，电视剧《风吹半夏》以第一批民营企业家的创业视角为人们展现了改革开放初期的企业家精神，赢得了观众的广泛好评。

在今天经济形势复杂、各种不确定因素叠加的大背景下，社会更呼唤企业家精神，呼唤企业家们能直面困难和挑战，不断拼搏奋进。

这体现了①文化来自于实践又反作用于实践②真实反映时代风貌的作品能赢得好口碑③文化与经济相互影响、相互促进④时代精神是中国发展的强大精神动力A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④4、作为重庆市积雪条件好、距离中心城区最近的冰雪旅游胜地，金佛山滑雪场从消费者的实际需求出发，加大研发投入，提升服务水平，南川区政府以“冬来金佛山、滑雪泡温泉”为主题，在春节期间吸引广大游客，使得滑雪场游客接待量达到饱和状态。

掀起冰雪运动热潮的原因有①冰雪培训、冰雪体验等新业态的冰雪项目不断涌现②政府政策支持助力冰雪运动不断发展③企业以市场需求为导向推进供给侧结构性改革④居民收入提高导致消费结构升级优化A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④5、在今年的春晚舞台上，沈腾、马丽等带来的小品《坑》非常形象地刻画了一位“不担当不作为、不肯干也不敢干、卷起袖子在一边看”的“躺平式干部”。

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We slowly got things fixed and moved into the house after 38 days.While living here for the past four months has been a big adjustment, we benefit a lot from living off grid. I think one of the most educational lessons is teaching my kids the importance of conservation. They used to take power for granted. But now they realize the importance of power, together with water and gas. We start taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while brushing our teeth. And this has a chain effect. We are also trying to make other changes which include reducing the amount of trash we generate by recycling,growing our own organic vegetables and re-purposing things that we would have normally thrown.Overall, going without electricity has been great for our family. I hope that once my kids move out of the house, they will keep the habits that they have learned here.4．Why did the family move to the small town?A．To inspire the kids.B．To try a new lifestyle.C．To cut living expenses.D．To escape air pollution.5．What can be learned about the small town?A．It has an aging population.B．It lacks access to water.C．It has hot summer days.D．It lacks educational resources.6．What does the underlined phrase “living off grid” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A．Dealing with poverty.B．Dealing with garbage.C．Living without pollution.D．Living without electricity.7．What is the text mainly about?A．A family switching to a simple life.B．A family helping the locals go green.C．A family traveling around the country.D．A family teaching the kids hands- on skills.Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bar k excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. To prevent or treat behavior problems, you are supposed to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train it. Obedience training or training doesn't solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack by using extreme measure. You can teachyour dog its subordinate role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.8．Which statement about dogs’ behavior problems is true?A．They result from training.B．They’re just part of nature.C．They’re wrong dog activities.D．They will be worse unless punished. 9．What is the purpose of dog training?A．To make dogs respect authority.B．To give dogs outlets for their behavior.C．To solve all their behavior problems.D．To teach dogs to perform clever tricks. 10．Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?A．To get respect from masters.B．To show their willingness to obey.C．To establish the social rank order.D．To show their affection for their masters. 11．What might a dog with effective obedience training get?A．More foods.B．More safety.C．More freedom.D．More love.Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that sign languages are unique — a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to look into how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific debate: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one wise teacher Bill Stokoe at Gallaudet University in Washington, D．C．, the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used lookedricher. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. No wonder that Stokoe’s idea was considered academically wrong then.It is 37 years later. Stokoe — now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture — is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades, educators fought his idea that sign languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the adaptation of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the adaptation of space. “ What I said, ” Stokoe explains, “ is that language is not mouth stuff — it’s brain stuff. ”12．What does sign language bring?A．An end of an old scientific debate.B．A new way to generate languages.C．A challenge to traditional views.D．A change of human languages.13．What inspired Stokoe to study sign language?A．His wish to help the deaf.B．His position as an English teacher.C．Students’ discrimination against ASL.D．Different signs between teachers and students. 14．Which statement did many educators agree to?A．Sign language is just for deaf people.B．Sign language is as natural as English.C．A language should be based on the adaptation of space.D．A language could only exist in the form of speech sounds.15．What is the best title of the passage?A．Sign Language: A Genuine Language B．A Hot Button in Sign LanguageC．Bill Stokoe: A Pioneer in Language D．Sign Language Not Mouth StuffWhy is a compliment so impactful? One of the most important things to humans is to feel valued and respected by others, says Vanessa Bohns, a social psychologist, who has researched compliments. According to her research, people feel “significantly better” after both giving and receiving a compliment. 16“You handled that situation so well.”Bohns recently used her favorite compliment when she saw a server address a difficult situation with a customer at the bar. “I like it so much because you use it in anxious moments where the other person is often unsure of whether they handled a situation OK,” she says. In situations that call for a compliment, don’t second-guess yourself. Give your compliments generously. 17 That concern is unfounded.“ 18 ”This compliment — one of Bohns’ favorites — works well among romantic partners and close family members. “It’s a beautiful way to highlight how their presence turns life into something meaningful, despite boring routines of our everyday lives,” she says. If you’re afraid that giving a compliment like this will feel strange, you’re not alone. 19 If it makes you personally feel like the bar is lowered for you to give a compliment if you write it down, or if you practice saying it out loud or giving your pet cat the compliment first, do that.“Hey, great dress!”Feel free to compliment strangers. In Bohns’ research, students on a college campus were told to approach a stranger of the same gender and compliment them-about, for example, their nice shirt. Before heading out, the study participants tended to underestimate their positive effect while overestimating how annoying it would be. Across all contexts, strangers are more likely to be pleased than confused. Plus, who knows? 20A．I love the way you bring out the best in people.B．Respect is essential when you deliver compliments.C．One way to overcome this fear is to do a practice run.D．You make even ordinary moments feel extraordinary.E．You might make a new friend in addition to making someone’s day.F．With that in mind, we asked her to share some of her favorite compliments.G．People sometimes worry that they’re going over and will start to sound insincere.二、完形填空It was time to go back to school. I was excited to see friends I hadn’t seen in a really long time. But, to be honest, I was also 21 about all the new stuff. That was why I 22 thatI was extra prepared.My plan was to wake up early, put on my carefully 23 clothes and eat my carefully chosen breakfast. I’d ride my carefully cleaned bike to school, 24 my brand-new classroom and feel calm, cool and collected for the rest of the day.I have to say, everything went according to plan — 25 , well, it didn’t.My new teacher, Mr. Jax, who seemed very serious, started out by going over the class rules. Then he asked each of us to say a quick something about our 26 . Most kids seemed pretty shy after being away from their 27 for a while and said only a few words. Soon it would be my turn.As Susan talked about her family’s road trip, I heard a 28 sound coming from under my desk. Was it the sound my mouse makes when he is shaking his tail? I unzipped my backpack, and very quickly zipped it back up again. I had no idea when, why, or how Mr. Nibbles had 29 into my backpack, but there he was!My heart raced. This was 30 not how my first day back at school was supposed to go! “Daniel, it’s your turn.” said Mr. Jax. Then he asked, “Are you all right?” Now everybody was looking at me! I sat still, awkward, but finally managed to make words come out of my mouth, 31 what was going on.To my 32 , Mr. Jax comforted softly, “Don’t worry, Mr. Nibbles. The first day of school can be challenging for all of us.” Then he asked the class if anyone wanted to 33 ideas to help Mr. Nibbles feel more comfortable. As we 34 , I noticed trying to figure out how to help Mr. Nibbles helped all of us feel less 35 .21．A．nervous B．disappointed C．certain D．particular 22．A．ensured B．predicted C．understood D．commented 23．A．laid- out B．wet- up C．sold- out D．taken- up 24．A．introduce B．enter C．measure D．paint 25．A．unless B．because C．once D．until 26．A．vacations B．pets C．teachers D．classes 27．A．families B．friends C．backpacks D．trips 28．A．convincing B．recorded C．familiar D．complex 29．A．slid B．looked C．reached D．knocked30．A．gradually B．definitely C．eventually D．luckily 31．A．explaining B．doubting C．supporting D．examining 32．A．knowledge B．satisfaction C．surprise D．taste 33．A．prove B．judge C．share D．correct 34．A．talked B．cleaned C．read D．celebrated 35．A．annoyed B．anxious C．tired D．lonely三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。