下载文档原格式
认证考试笔试试题注意：1.考试时间1小时，总分100分；2.考试结束试卷必须交回，不交回试卷者成绩无效。
选择题（针对下列题目，选择符合题目要求的答案。
针对每一道题目，全选对，则该题得分；所选答案错误或漏选，则该题不得分。
每题2分。
）1. 构造方法是否可以被重写和重载？（）A. 不能重写，可以重载B. 可以重写，不能重载C. 不能重写，不能重载D. 可以重写，可以重载2. 在网页编程中，某站点下有一个名为index.html的页面和一个名为a.css的样式表文件（index.html和a.css在同一级目录下），如果要在index.html页面中应用a.css样式表文件中的样式表，则应在index.html页面的<head></head>标签中添加以下哪段代码（）。
A. <link type = “text/css” rel = “stylesheet” file = “a.css”>B. <a type = “text/css” rel = “stylesheet” href = “a.css”>C. <link type = “text/css” rel = “stylesheet” href = “a.css”>D. <link type = “text/css” rel = “stylesheet” src = “a.css”>3. 分析如下所示的Java代码，编译运行后的输出结果是（）。
public static void main(String args[]){boolean b=true;System.out.print(b);if(b){System.out.print(“真”);}else{System.out.print(“假”);}}A. trueB. true 真C. true 假D. 14. 在JAVA中，下列选项能够正确初始化一个数组的有（）。
bec模拟初级考试1真题和答案# BEC模拟初级考试1真题和答案## 听力部分### 第一部分：图片选择题1. 你听到了什么？- A. 一个会议- B. 一个电话- C. 一个面试- **答案：B**2. 他们正在讨论什么？- A. 一个项目- B. 一个假期- C. 一个会议### 第二部分：信息填空题3. 会议将在何时举行？- **答案：10:00 AM**4. 会议的目的是？- **答案：讨论新的市场策略**## 阅读部分### 第一部分：阅读理解选择题5. 根据文章，新产品的主要特点是什么？ - A. 环保- B. 便宜- C. 耐用6. 公司计划如何推广新产品？- A. 通过社交媒体- B. 通过电视广告- C. 通过邮件营销- **答案：A**### 第二部分：信息匹配题7. 匹配正确的员工和他们的职责。
- 员工A：市场部经理- 员工B：销售部经理- 员工C：人力资源部经理- **答案：**- 员工A：市场部经理- 员工B：销售部经理- 员工C：人力资源部经理## 写作部分### 第一部分：商务邮件写作8. 写一封邮件给客户，通知他们关于产品延迟发货的情况，并提供解决方案。
- **答案示例：**```Dear [客户姓名],We regret to inform you that there has been a delay in the shipment of your order. Due to unforeseen circumstances, we are unable to deliver the products as scheduled.We understand the inconvenience this may cause and we are working diligently to resolve the issue. We have arranged for expedited shipping to ensure that your order reaches you as soon as possible. We estimate that the new delivery date will be [新的预计日期].We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused and appreciate your understanding and patience. If you have any further questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us.Best regards,[你的名字][你的职位][你的公司]```### 第二部分：图表分析写作9. 根据提供的图表，分析公司过去一年的销售趋势，并提出改进建议。
CISE模拟题一一、单选题。
(共100题,共100分,每题1分)1. 信息安全保障技术框架(Information Assurance Technical Framework，IATF)由美国国家安全局(NSA)发布，最初目的是为保障美国政府和工业的信息基础设施安全提供技术指南，其中，提出需要防护的三类“焦点区域”是：a、网络和基础设施区域边界重要服务器b、网络和基础设施区域边界计算环境c、网络机房环境网络接口计算环境d、网络机房环境网络接口重要服务器最佳答案是:b2. 某公司开发了一个游戏网站，但是由于网站软件存在漏洞，在网络中传输大数据包时总是会丢失一些数据，如一次性传输大于2000个字节数据时，总是会有3到5个字节不能传送到对方，关于此案例，可以推断的是（）a、该网站软件存在保密性方面安全问题b、该网站软件存在完整性方面安全问题c、该网站软件存在可用性方面安全问题d、该网站软件存在不可否认性方面安全问题最佳答案是:b3. 关于信息安全保障技术框架(IATF)，以下说法不正确的是：a、分层策略允许在适当的时候采用低安全级保障解决方案以便降低信息安全保障的成本b、IATF从人.技术和操作三个层面提供一个框架实施多层保护，使攻击者即使攻破一层也无法破坏整个信息基础设施c、允许在关键区域(例如区域边界)使用高安全级保障解决方案，确保系统安全性d、IATF深度防御战略要求在网络体系结构的各个可能位置实现所有信息安全保障机制最佳答案是:d4. 信息安全保障是网络时代各国维护国家安全和利益的首要任务，以下哪个国家最早将网络安全上长升为国家安全战略，并制定相关战略计划。
a、中国b、俄罗斯c、美国d、英国最佳答案是:c5. 以下哪一项不是我国信息安全保障的原则：a、立足国情，以我为主，坚持以技术为主b、正确处理安全与发展的关系，以安全保发展，在发展中求安全c、统筹规划，突出重点，强化基础性工作d、明确国家.企业.个人的责任和义务，充分发挥各方面的积极性，共同构筑国家信息安全保障体系最佳答案是:a6. 进入21世纪以来，信息安全成为世界各国安全战略关注的重点，纷纷制定并颁布网络空间安全战略，但各国历史.国情和文化不同，网络空间安全战略的内容也各不相同，以下说法不正确的是：a、与国家安全、社会稳定和民生密切相关的关键基础设施是各国安全保障的重点b、美国尚未设立中央政府级的专门机构处理网络信息安全问题，信息安全管理职能由不同政府部门的多个机构共同承担c、各国普遍重视信息安全事件的应急响应和处理d、在网络安全战略中，各国均强调加强政府管理力度，充分利用社会资源，发挥政府与企业之间的合作关系最佳答案是:b7. 我国党和政府一直重视信息安全工作，我国信息安全保障工作也取得了明显成效，关于我国信息安全实践工作，下面说法错误的是（）a、加强信息安全标准化建设，成立了“全国信息安全标准化技术委员会”制订和发布了大批信息安全技术，管理等方面的标准。
2022年大学英语B统考复习题库一、关于网络教育统考：网络教育、奥鹏教育，高起本和专升本的学生，在入学满一年后均需要参加统考（全国统一考试，不区分地区和学校），根据就读层次和专业的不同，考试科目也将不同；网络教育学生毕业前提必须通过统考科目方能毕业；满足免考条件的学生不需要参加。
二、2022年统考时间安排：网络统考一年为3次，通常为4、9、12月各一次；因4月统考受疫情影响，4月统考预计将推迟到6月或者7月进行，同学们需要密切关注统考官网所发布的信息。
三、关于考试形式：网络统考均为机考，上机考试，随机组卷，每个考生所考内容均不一样（类似于驾考科一科四的性质）；各科满分均为100，60合格！统考通常为4天时间，根据报名时选择的时间前去参考即可；只需写准考证以及个人身份证件即可四、关于考试形式：网络统考均为机考，上机考试，随机组卷，每个考生所考内容均不一样（类似于驾考科一科四的性质）；各科满分均为100，60合格！五、高起本和专升本报考科目如下：高起本学生报考科目：“理工类”高起本学生报考科目：大学英语B、计算机应用基础、高等数学B（数学专业考高等数学A）“文史教育类”高起本学生报考科目：大学英语B、计算机应用基础、大学语文B（文史类考大学语文A）“艺术类”高起本学生报考科目：大学英语A、计算机应用基础、大学语文B “英语类”高起本学生报考科目：大学英语A、计算机应用基础、大学语文B 专升本学生报考科目：“英语类”专升本学生报考科目：大学英语A、计算机应用基础“艺术类”专升本学生报考科目：大学英语C、计算机应用基础“其他专业”专升本学生报考科目：大学英语B、计算机应用基础四、关于考试形式：网络统考均为机考，上机考试，随机组卷，每个考生所考内容均不一样（类似于驾考科一科四的性质）；各科满分均为100，60合格！五、2022年大学英语B统考题库：奥鹏远程教育、网络教育“大学英语B、计算机应用基础”统考题库；最新整版全套复习题库，内容全面、排版清晰、题题精选、高效通过，无需基础，多加复习即可一次通过；“下方试题为模拟试题”，非题库，如需题库请+Q：2 6 9 0 4 1 7 1 6；全国2022年首次统考大学英语B统考题库；题库均为真题原题，历次考试覆盖可达80%-90%上下；题库精心制作，格式排版清晰，内容全面，每道复习试题均为考试针对性试题，全中文翻译，考前复习视频说明，用心复习整版全套题库，定能轻松通过！六、下方为模拟试题展例，非统考题库！一、交际英语1.- Could you do me a favour and take these books to my office?- Sure, _______.A.for pleasureB.I couldC.my pleasureD.more pleasure答案：C2.-What can I do for you, sir?- _________A.Thank you.B.What's the matter?C.I'd like to have some money sent to the USA.D.Sorry, I have no idea.答案：C3.- Thank you for calling.- _________A.Don't mention it.B.That's fine.C.Nice talking to you.D.Call back again.答案：C4.- Hey, Tom, what's up?- __________A.Yes, definitely!B.Oh, not much.C.What is happening in your life?D.You are lucky.答案：B5.-How are you getting on today?- _________A.Very well.B.How do you do?C.I'm a doctor.D.Nice to have known you.答案：A二、阅读理解Before you go to another country it is a great help if you know the language and some of the customs of the country. When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say "How do you do?" and shake hands. Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they haven't met for a long time or when they will be away from each other for a long time.Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.6、It is very helpful if you know the language and some of the customs of the country.A.TB.F答案：A7、English people usually shake hands when they meet for the first time.A.TB.F答案：A8、Usually English people don't shake hands when they say "How do you do?".A.TB.F答案：B9、German people hardly shake hands.A.TB.F答案：B10、This story is about customs.A.TB.F答案：A奥鹏远程教育、网络教育“大学英语B、计算机应用基础”统考题库最新整版全套复习题库，内容全面、排版清晰、题题精选、高效通过，无需基础，多加复习即可一次通过；此为模拟试题，非题库，如需题库请+Q：2 6 9 0 4 1 7 1 6；When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses.What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? People who are international business or government officials, foreign students, airline workers, young married couples - people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another.They save a lot of trouble and the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think.11.Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses?A.Selling home furnishings.B.Renting furnished apartments.C.Selling used furniture.D.Renting home furnishings.答案：D12.Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?A.Because the furniture they get in this way is new.B.Because it saves them a lot of money.C.Because it saves them much trouble and money.D.Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.答案：C13.What can you infer from the passage?A.The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.B.Renting furniture is not popular in the couple’s home town.C.Only those who d on’t have enough money to rent furniture.D.People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.答案：B14.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A.Rent or Buy?B.A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.C.Furnished Apartments.D.A New Idea.答案：B15.Young people liked renting home furniture because_________.A.they have less moneyB.they don’t want to buy old furnitureC.the new furniture is of good qualityD.they don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture答案：D三、词汇与语法16.They all go outing on such a warm spring day ______ Mark. He is busy with his lessons now.A.besideB.besidesC.except forD.except答案：D17.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____________office soon.A.leavesB.would leaveC.leftD.had left答案：B18.The young lady coming over to us _____ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!A.must beB.can be19.It’s ________ that he was wrong.A.clearlyB.clarityC.clearD.clearing答案：C20.The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little答案：A四、完型填空There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very __21__ today-wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long __22__. For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had affected our life as much as the wheel had done. Then in the early 1800's the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People __23__ explore much any more. They began to work to make life __24__. In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These all __25__ a big part of our life today.21、A.betterB.didn't have toC.distancesD.becameE.important答案：E22、A.betterB.didn't have toC.distancesD.becameE.important答案：C23、A.betterB.didn't have toC.distancesD.becameE.important答案：B24、A.betterB.didn't have toC.distancesD.becameE.important答案：A25、A.betterB.didn't have to答案：D五、英译汉26.But it looks like something I would never buy.答案：但它看起来就像是我绝不会买的东西。
全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试卷及答案B类2017 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level B – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man say we can do to deal with oil crisis?A. To make full use of oil.B. Touse as little oil as possibleC. To find alternative energy.2. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A. In an insurance company.B. In abank.C. In a supermarket.3. According to the man, who is going to take over the position they are talking about?A. Janice.B. Someone else.C. Meryl.4. What does the woman say about the man’s report for themeeting?A. He has to get it ready before tomorrow noon.B. He has done well enough.C. He has enough time to prepare it.5. How many people will be on the earth by the year 2020 according to the professor?A. Some billion.B. Nearly 7 billion.C. Over billion.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre Conversation One6. What’s the main job of Simon’s organ ization?A. They send out radio signals to communicate with other planets.B. They look for life and intelligence on other planets.C. They study stars that have planets orbiting around them.7. Why does the organization search for radio signals from space?A. Their presence may prove the existence of aliens.B. They may help scientists find out how the universe started.C. They convey messages about life on the earth.8. Does Simon believe those stories about aliens visiting our planet?A. No, he doesn’t b elieve them at all.B. Yes, he does believe those stories because of his study.C. Yes, he believes them although he has no evidence.9. Which of the following factor is considered to be important informing life according to the passage?A. Gravity.B. Minerals.C. Water.10. When did the “big bang” occur?A. No one knows.B. 12 billion years ago.C. 20 billion year ago.Conversation Two11. Why did Bob make the news last month?A. Because he criticized traditional jobsB. Because he earned a lot of money.C. Because he tried new strategies in finding a job.12. In which way do the bestsellers like “The Brand Called You” and“The Personal Branding Phenomenon” help people?A. They advise people to promote themselves as brands.B. They teach people how to be a perfect partner.C. They give people tips for job interview.13. When did Bob come up with the idea of using the internet to finda job?A. Ten years ago when he was a college student.B. When he began to do research between jobs.C. After he launched the campaign “Give Bob a Job”.14. What was the purpose of Bob’s making the video?A. To fulfill his ambition as a director.B. To sell his products like Teddy bears and T-shirts.C. To advertise his skills and talents.15. How can the internet help Bob in his job search exactly?A. By helping him make friends.B. By passing on the video he made.C. By providing job information for him.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item,which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause,read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on theanswer sheet with a single line through the centre.16. How many troops are going to withdraw from Afghanistan by the endof next year?A. 43,000.B. 10,000.C. 33,000.17. What is the finding of the study?A. Low-calorie foods may lead to more weight.B. High-calorie foods may lead to more weight.C. High-calorie foods may lead to less weight.18. What do the conflicting reports show about radiation?A. The radiation level given by Tokyo Electric is much smaller thanthat given by other tests.B. The radiation level given by other tests is smaller than thatgiven by Tokyo Electric.C. The radiation level is close to 10,000 times the normal level.19. Why are Caribbean Service and Europe Today shut down by BBC?A. Because of their outdated services.B. Because of cuts in government funding.C. Because of lack of target audience.20. What’s the cause of demonstrations in cities and towns across Syria?A. They are calling for more freedom.B. Workers demand higher pay.C. Some thirty people were killed by the police.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The passage will be read twice. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Recovery from jetlag can take as long as a day for every time zone crossed. So if you’re flying east-west for your holiday or on business, it is likely to mean a few days of feeling tired or even unwell.Jetlag is the (21)__________ of the body’s natural cycle and some factors make it worse. The artificial atmosphere inside a plane can affect the body in a number of ways and add to the effects of jetlag.Exercising before flights helps to offset the effects on the body of reduced (22) _________, and aerobic exercise afterwards helps to reoxygenate it. Drink plenty of water. Children may needmore. Drinking carrot juice before flying overcomes oxygen deficiency.Eat light, frequent meals. Heavy meals (23) __________ the blood circulation, which can lead to dizziness and fainting. For two weeksbefore you fly, eat plenty of food containing vitamins A and E; they will build up your (24) __________ and help to keep you fit. Sleep as much as you can before the flight and on it. On board, wear earplugs and eye pads because darkness (25) __________ secretion of the hormones that enhance sleep.Avoid alcohol, which restricts the brain’s oxygen intake. Like tea and coffee, alcohol increases the dehydration effect of flying. If you need to drink to relax, (26) __________ that the cabin environment intensifies the effect of alcohol.Wear loose, comfortable, warm clothes and limber up during flight. Sitting down for several hours slows down the (27) _________, leading to local stiffness, cramps and dizziness. Re-adjust to local time as soon as you can. Bright light helps the body stay alert, so if you are going somewhere sunny, stay outside.Do not smoke before or during the flight since smoking (28) ___________ the blood oxygen level. If you need to calm your nerves, try aromatherapy oils which have a sedative effect. (29) _________ your doctor before flying if you are on medication. The effects of some drugs are strengthened at high altitudes and some may produce (30) _________.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31—35 BDABC 36—40 BDDAB 41—45 CADBC31. What we all work for is to free ___B_____ time for the things wereally want to do.A. offB. upC. asideD. in32. You ____D_____ his words seriously. He was talking nonsense.A. won’t takeB. may not takeC. mustn’t have takenD. needn’t have taken33. Never hesitate to _____A____ the first opportunity that comesalong.A. seizeB. drawC. who; thatD. obtain34. His mother __B______ hated city life longed to return to thevillage in _______she grew up.A. that; whereB. who; whichC. who; thatD. who; where35. All things ___C____, I t hink I’d better take your advice.A. consideringB. to be consideredC. consideredD. have been considered36. Twelve European countries ___AB_____ over to the Euro on January1st, 2002.A. transformedB. switchedC.reversed D. altered37. She isn’t anything ___C___D__ unpleasant as people say she is.A. as likeB. likeC. asD. like as38. Stop complaining. You really ____D____ my nerves.A. get downB. get alongC. get offD. get on39. There wasn’t ___B__A__ truth in what he said.A. a grain ofB. a ray ofC. a point ofD. a drop of40. _____C_B__ for my savings, I wouldn’t be able to survive thesemiserable days.A. Was it notB. Were it notC. Had it been notD. Hadn’t it been41. There was a power cut this morning. ____C____, I couldn’t doanything with my computer.A. SupposedlyB. PresumablyC.Consequently D. Essentially42. Alarm clocks needlessly wake __A____ households. I want to designsomething targeted at the individual sleeper.A. wholeB. totalC. fullD. high43. ___D____ both parties agree on these issues will a contract besigned soon.A. If onlyB. UnlessC.Should D. Only if44.—I’ve run out of cash. Could you lend me a few pounds thisevening?—__C_B__ I’ll just have to find time to get to the bank andmakea withdrawal.can lend you some now.B. I’m not sure I’ve got any either.C. Sorry, I haven’t got a penny in my account.D. My credit card must be left home.45. —We’re all going to the New Skyline Restaurant for our end-of-year get-together. Can we count you in?—Oh, thanks, Sara, but ___B__ CA. I didn’t find you then.B. I’ve been to the restaurant once.C. I’ll pass this time.D. I’ll meet you there at 5:00.Part III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.46. likelihood 47. fortune 48. take 49. with 50. knowing 51. dozens 52. least 53. burning simple 55. realizeDid you know that for every 20,000 novels written, only one gets published? So the (46) ____ (likely) that I’ll ever fulfill my ambition of becoming a professional mystery writer doesn’t seem very high. Bu t the prospect of turning my lifelong passion into my livelihood and achieving fame and (47) for ______ at the same time is just too exciting for me to be put off by dull statistics.So what does it (48) t_______ to become a writer? Reading isimportant—all writers need to research their genre thoroughly to familiarize themselves (49) _______ its codes and conventions. My bookshelves at home are stacked with the novels of all the great mystery writers, which I’ve read and in many cases, re-read, despite (50) _______ (know) all the time “who’d done it”.Of course, being a writer requires imagination. You have to develop your own personal style rather than simply copy the work of “the greats”. I’ve turned out (51) d________ of short crime stories for my university student magazine—some have been published, some not, but I’ve always aimed to produce original and imaginative material.Last but not (52) ________, successful writers possess enormous self-discipline. I’ve often sacrificed my social life in order to devote the necessary time and effort to producing a good quality story. And more than once that has meant (53) _______ the midnight oil.We’ve got a novel inside us. Getting it out in anywhere near publishable form is no (54) ______ task, but with imagination and determination, and the help of an expert on “master class”, who could possibly fail to (55) re_______ their ambition?Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (10 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.The term culture shock wasintroduced for the first time in1958 to describe the anxietyproduced when a person moves to acompletely new environment. This term expresses the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment. This term expresses the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment. We can describe culture shock as the physical and emotional discomfort a person suffers when coming tolive in a place different from the place of origin.Often, the way that we live before is not accepted or considered as normal in the new place. Everything is different, for example, not speaking the language, not knowing how to use banking machines, not knowing how to use telephones, and so forth.The symptoms of culture shock can appear at different times. Although a person can experience real pain from culture shock, it is also an opportunity for growing and learning new perspectives.Culture shock can help people develop a better understanding of themselves and stimulate personal creativity.Culture shock has many stages. Each stage can be ongoing, or appear only at certain times. In the first stage, the new arrival may feel very happy about all of the new experience. This time is called the honeymoon stage. Afterward, the second stage presents itself. A person may encounter some difficulties in daily life. For example, communication difficulties may occur, such as not being understood.In this stage, there may be feelings of impatience, anger and sadness. Transition between the old methods and those of the new country is a difficult process and takes time to complete. The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding ofthe new culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. A person may start to feel a psychological balance. The individual is more familiar with the environment and wants to belong. This starts an evaluation of the old ways versus those of the new. In the fourth stage, the person realizes that the new culture has good and badthings to offer. This stage can be one of double integration ortriple integration, depending on the number of cultures that the person has to process. This integration is characterized by a more solid feeling of belonging. The person starts to define himself or herself and establish goals for living. The fifth stage is the stage that is called the reentry shock. This occurs when a person returns to the newly acquired customs are considered improper in the old culture.Questions 56—60Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.Introduced in 1958, culture shock is a term used to (56) __________ physical and emotional discomfort people experience when they come to or live in a new place. Although many people suffer a lot fromculture shock, it is an (57) _________ for personal improvement. The five stages of culture shock may last for a long time or show up once in a while. In the first stage, the (58) __________ stage, the new arrival might be OK with everything. Afterward, (59) ________ from old methods to the new one calls for time and energy. During thethird and fourth stage, people may gain more understandingof the new culture and possess objective views. The double or triple integrationis (60) __________ by a feeling of belonging. The last stage, called reentry shock, refers to the feeling people have when returning totheir home country.Section B (10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.For some people, it would be unthinkable. But Gabe Henderson is finding freedom in a recent decision; he canceled his MySpace account. The 26 years old graduate student stopped his account after realizing that a lot of his online friends were really just acquaintances. “The superficial emptiness clouded the excitement I had once felt,”H enderson wrote in an article. “It seems we have lost, to some degree, the special depth that true friendship is about.”Journalism professor Michael Bugeja, who is a strong supporter of face-to-face communication, read Henderson’s column and saw it was a s ign of hope. Though he’s not anti-technology, Bugeja often lectures students about “interpersonal intelligence” —knowing when, where, and for what purpose technology is most appropriate. He points out the students he’s seen walking across campus, holding hands with each other while talking on cell phones to someone else He’s also。
1.在html页面上编写JavaScript代码时，应编写在（）标签中间。
（选择一项）A.<javascript>和</javascript>B.<script>和</script>C.<head>和</head>D.<body>和</body>2．在javascript中，数组的（）属性用于返回数组中元素的个数。
（选择一项）A．firstB．shiftC．lengthD．push3．分析下面的JavaScript代码，经过运算后a的值为（）。
（选择一项）var x=12;var y="hi";var a=x+y;A．12hiB．hiC．12D．程序报错4．在html中，运行下面的JavaScript代码，则在弹出的提示框中显示的消息内容为（）。
（选择一项）<script language=”javascript”>var x=3 ;var y=2 ;var z=(x+2)/y ;alert(z) ;</script>A．2B．2.5C．32/2D．165．在html中，下列css的属性与html标签中style对象的属性对应错误的是（）。
（选择两项）A．background-image与backgroundImageB．border-color与colorC．font-size与sizeD．text-align与textAlign6．当按键盘A时，使用onKeyDown事件打印event.keyCode的结果是（）。
（选择一项）A．65B．13C．97D．377．在html中，要通过无列表符号来实现导航菜单，css属性中（）可以实现导航菜单横线排列。
（选择一项）A．list-styleB．paddingC．z-indexD．float8．在html中，下面（）属性用于设置表单要提交的地址。
认证考试笔试试题课程：SCCE阶段：G3-补考卷院校名称:考试日期:准考证号:姓名:注意：1.考试时间1小时，总分100分；2.考试结束试卷必须交回，不交回试卷者成绩无效。
选择题（针对以下题目，选择符合题目要求的答案。
针对每一道题目，全选对，则该题得分；所选答案错误或漏选，则该题不得分。
每题2分。
）1.关于存储过程中的参数，下列说法错误的是（）。
A．存储过程不能声明返回值类型，但可以通过传出参数向调用者返回值B. 传入参数可以设置默认值C．定义传出参数时，必须在传出参数之后添加OUT关键字D. 调用带传出参数的存储过程时，必须先定义一个变量，用于接收传出参数的值2.有一名为“列车运营”的实体，该实体属性含有：车次、日期、实际发车时间、实际抵达时间、情况摘要等属性，该实体主键是（）。
A．车次B．日期C．车次+日期 D．车次+情况摘要3.在数据库的概念设计中，最常用的数据模型是（）。
A. 形象模型B. 物理模型C. 逻辑模型D. 实体联系模型4.SQL Server中，下面用于限制分组函数的返回值的字句是（）A．WHEREB. HAVINGC. ORDER BYD. 无法限定分组函数的返回值5.关于数据完整性，以下说法正确的是（）。
【选择两项】A．完整性通过主键和外键之间的引用关系实现。
B. 引用完整性通过限制数据类型、检查约束等实现。
C. 数据完整性是通过数据操纵者自身对数据的控制来实现的。
D.如果两个表中存储的信息相互关联，那么只要修改了一个表，另外一个表也要做出相应的修改，则称该这两个表中的数据具备完整性。
6.现有订单表orders，包含用户信息userid, 产品信息productid, 以下（）语句能够返回至少被订购过两回的productidA. select productid from orders where count(productid)>1B. select productid from orders where max(productid)>1C. select productid from orders where having count(productid)>1 group by productidD. select productid from orders group by productid having count(productid)>17.考虑本地图书馆的一个图书借阅系统，数据库包含Member（会员）,Borrow（借阅）和Book（书籍）表,要求：1）每人可以借阅一本或多本书2）每本书一次只能被借给一个人；3）图书馆没有的书籍不能被借阅；以下（）体现了在Borrow和Book表中强制这种引用完整性。
大学英语b一试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern art?A. AbstractionB. RealismC. ExperimentationD. Expressionism答案：B2. The phrase "break the ice" in English means to:A. Melt the iceB. Start a conversationC. Make a jokeD. Stop a conversation答案：B3. In the context of a business meeting, "agenda" refers to:A. The location of the meetingB. The list of topics to be discussedC. The time of the meetingD. The people attending the meeting答案：B4. The word "quarantine" is most closely related to:A. A type of fruitB. A medical procedureC. A period of isolationD. A type of clothing答案：C5. Which of the following is the correct order of adjectives in English?A. Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, PurposeB. Size, Age, Shape, Color, Opinion, Origin, Material, PurposeC. Age, Size, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose, OpinionD. Shape, Size, Color, Age, Material, Origin, Opinion, Purpose答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）6. The ________ of the project was delayed due to unexpected weather conditions.答案：completion7. She has a ________ memory and can recall events from her childhood with great detail.答案：photographic8. The ________ of the company is to provide high-quality products at affordable prices.答案：mission9. The ________ of the new policy was met with mixed reactions from the public.答案：announcement10. The ________ between the two countries has improved significantly in recent years.答案：relations三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下短文，并回答后面的问题。
认证考试笔试试题注意：1. 考试时间1小时，总分100分；2. 考试结束试卷必须交回，不交回试卷者成绩无效。
选择题（针对以下题目，选择符合题目要求的答案。
针对每一道题目，全选对，则该题得分；所选答案错误或漏选，则该题不得分。
每题2分。
）1.下列有关Servlet的生命周期说法正确的有（ C D）。
【选两项】A.Servlet的生命周期由Servlet实例控制B.init()方法在创建完Servlet实例后对其进行初始化,传递的参数为实现ServletCont ext接口的对象C.service()方法响应客户端发出的请求D.destroy()方法释放Servlet实例2.在SQL Server中，下列关于HAVING子句的描述，错误的是（ B ）。
A. HAVING子句必须与GROUP BY子句同时使用，不能单独使用B. 使用HAVING子句的同时不能使用WHERE子句C. 使用HAVING子句的同时可以使用WHERE子句D. 使用HAVING子句的作用是限定分组的条件3.根据下述代码，关于该程序以下哪个说法是正确的？（ C ）public class Person{static int arr[] = new int[5];public static void main(String a[]) {System.out.println(arr[0]);}}}A．编译时将产生错误B．编译时正确，运行时将产生错误C．输出零D．输出空4. jsp:forward和sendRedirect都是用来做页面跳转的，描述错误的是（）。
DA. forward之后可以使用原来的request对象，而且效率较高B. sendRedirect之后不可以使用原来的request对象，而且效率较低C. forward地址栏不变化，只能在Web应用程序内的页面间跳转D. forward地址栏变化，可以跳转到任何页面和机器5.典型的JDBC程序按( A )顺序编写。
2019年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）B类初赛真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comperhension 2. Multiple Choice 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comperhension 5. Translation 6. IQ Test 7. Writing 8. Error CorrectionPart I Listening ComperhensionSection A听力原文：1. W: Mr. Johnson, I wonder whether it’s possible for me to take a vacation early next month.M: Did you fill out a request form?Question: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?2. M: Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the museum please?W: Yes. Go back to the street, just across the street, on the steps of St Martin-in-the-Fields church, then the museum is next to it.Question: Where does the man want to go?3. W: Sorry? Do you know what our expected arrival time in Wellington is?M: We’re due to arrive at 3 p. m.W: At 3 p. m.?M: Yes. That’s right.W: Thank you.Question: What time does the woman reach Wellington?4. M: Here’s a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please.W: Sure. Two tickets and here’s a dollar forty cents change.Question: How does one ticket cost?5. M: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones? I’m preparing for the speech contest.W: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time.Question: What is the man probably doing?1．A．Teacher and student.B．Employer and Employee.C．Doctor and patient.D．Travel agent and customer.正确答案：B解析：题目问，两个说话人之间可能的关系是什么?女士询问男士，她下个月初是否能休假，而男士问女士是否有提交申请表。
2023年西南财经大学自主招生笔试题2023年西南财经大学自主招生笔试题一、理论知识题目一：根据国际财务报告准则（IFRS），请回答以下问题。
1. 什么是财务会计？2. 请列举财务报表的种类。
3. 请解释资产负债表的目的和内容。
4. 列举至少三个影响会计准则变化的因素。
5. 请解释“信任原则”在财务报告中的作用。
题目二：根据宏观经济学理论，回答以下问题。
1. 宏观经济学的研究对象是什么？2. 请解释GDP的概念和计算方法。
3. 请解释通货膨胀的原因和对经济的影响。
4. 请解释经济增长和经济发展的区别。
5. 请解释货币政策的目标和工具。
二、案例分析题目三：某公司在2022年进行了一项市场调查，收集到了以下数据。
销售额（亿元）：2018年-12，2019年-15，2020年-20，2021年-28。
根据以上数据，请回答以下问题。
1. 请画出2018年至2021年销售额的趋势图。
2. 请计算2019年至2021年销售额的年均增长率。
3. 如果公司设定的2022年销售额目标为35亿元，该目标是否可实现？题目四：某公司在制定2023年财务预算时，需要考虑以下因素。
1. 人力资源成本的增长率。
2. 原材料价格的波动。
3. 市场需求的变化。
请分析如何考虑以上因素，并制定一个可行的财务预算。
三、写作能力题目五：请分析未来中国经济发展的趋势，并结合宏观经济学理论进行预测。
以2023年至2028年为预测周期，请分析以下内容。
1. 经济增长速度。
2. 宏观环境变化。
3. 对投资和创业的影响。
4. 对就业市场的影响。
5. 政府应对策略。
四、创新思维和团队合作题目六：假设你正在参与一个学生团队实践项目，目标是创办一个社会企业。
请回答以下问题。
1. 你认为创办一个社会企业的目的和意义是什么？2. 你认为一个成功的社会企业应具备哪些特点？3. 如何确定目标市场和产品定位？4. 请描述你在团队中的角色和如何与团队成员合作？5. 如何评估和管理该社会企业的社会影响？以上是2023年西南财经大学自主招生笔试题，共有六个题目，涵盖了理论知识、案例分析、写作能力以及创新思维和团队合作。
选择题（针对以下题目，选择符合题目要求的答案。
针对每一道题目，全选对，则该题得分；所选答案错误或漏选，则该题不得分。
每题2分。
注意：多选题会特别标注）1. HMTL表单的首要标记是<form>,<form>标记的参数method表示表单发送的方法，可能为get或post，下列关于get和post的描述正确的是（）。
A. post方法传递的数据对客户端是不可见的B. get请求信息以查询字符串的形式发送，查询字符串长度没有大小限制C. post方法对发送数据的数量限制在255个字符之内D. get方法传递的数据对客户端是不可见的2. C#语言中，下面4个选项中，均是合法的用户标识符的选项是（）。
A. A P_0 doB. float a0 _AC. b－a 123 intD. _123 temp INT3. C#语言中，关于return语句的说法，正确的是（）。
A. 有返回值的函数中可以没有return语句B. 在函数体中必须有return语句C. 在无返回值的函数中不允许有return语句D. return语句可以结束函数的运行4. 有以下C#代码,int k=1; while (k<=10) k++; 该执行后，变量k的值是（）。
A. 10B. 11C. 1D. 无限循环.5. HTML中，以下选项中可以为所有H1定义背景颜色的是（）。
A. all.h1 {background-color:#FFFFFF}B. h1 {background-color:#FFFFFF}C. h1.all {background-color:#FFFFFF}D. h1#all {background-color:#FFFFFF}6. HTML中若要在网页中插入样式表main.css,以下用法中，正确的是（）。
A. <Link href="main.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">B. <Link Src="main.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">C. <Link href="main.css" type="text/css">D. <Include href="main.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">7. HTML中，（）标记用于将文字显示为粗体字A. <A>B. <B>C. <U>D. <I>8. HTML中要实现以下功能:在网页中插入一个图片 jokell.gif,使用者通过单击该图片,连接到jokell.htm上去,下面的HTML代码（）是正确的。
2022年6月奥鹏网络教育大学英语B统考题库试题2022年6月各奥鹏、网院网络统考，大学英语b、计算机应用基础，统考原题库，整体覆盖90%以上，已整理归类完毕，精心排版。
大学英语B各题均做了全中文翻译，重点标注，难点注释；计算机操作带视频演示教程，复习完整套题库，就能过。
由于疫情原因导致网络统考组织难度增大，从2022年首次统考5月开始，各网院将在网考办管控下，依照全国统考大纲组织网络统考，试题难度不变，试卷结构不变，分值分布不变，统考方式依旧为计算机机考，随机从题库抽取组卷。
2022年首次统考时间将于5月-6月全部举行完毕。
2022年6月大学英语B统考题库****************，如需题库可去除后缀+。
2022年全国网络统考，大学英语B统考题库，送给大家复习，以下为大学英语B试卷：一、交际英语1.- Good morning! I'd like to send this letter to the United.- ____________. You have to pay 3 dollars more for it.A.It's too expensiveB.It's overweightC.It's too far awayD.It's well done答案：B2.- Good morning, may I speak to Mark, please?- _________A.Who's there?B.Who's that speaking?C.Who are you?D.Who wants to speak to Mark?答案：B3.- I didn't mean to do that. Please forgive me.- _________A.Not too bad.B.That's all right.C.It's a pleasure.D.Thank you.答案：B4.- May I see your tickets, please?- ________A.Sure.B.No, you can't.C.No, they are mine.D.Yes, you can.答案：A5.- Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?- _________A.No, thanks.B.No, I wouldn't.C.Yes, I want.D.Yes, I like.答案：A二、阅读理解Last summer, I took my first airplane flight from London to New York. I boarded the plane at Croydon Airfield and, from thatmoment on, my life was arranged for me on the trip. First, I was directed to my seat by the stewardess. Then, when the plane was ready to take off, the other passengers and I were told to fasten our seat belts. A few minutes after take-off, magazines and newspapers were passed out. Because my ears hurt, I was given some gum to chew. Next, we were given instructions on what to do in case of an emergency. We were given earphones to listen to music and told that a movie would be shown after dinner. Before dinner, we were asked if we wanted a cocktail. Dinner was served on a tray, but it was attractive and delicious. We were permitted to have a refill on any beverage. After dinner, we were shown a new Hollywood movie. When I felt cold, I was given a blanket and when I felt airsick, I was given a paper bag. Everything was done for the comfort of the passengers. When the plane landed, I was almost sorry to get off and have to start doing things for myself again.6.Before the take-off, the passengers were asked to chew some gum.A.TB.F答案：B7.Chewing some gum could ease the passengers' earache caused by the change in the air pressure.A.TB.F答案：A8.The man was sorry when the plane landed because he has to do things for himself again.A.TB.F答案：A9.When the man felt airsick, he was given a paper bag.A.TB.F答案：A10.The author took his first airplane flight from New York to Landon last summer.A.TB.F答案：BA characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man - the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward; furthermore, the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in carefulpreparation of special dishes. A professional may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.11.From Para. 1, we know that in America _________.A.people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made manB.people can always rise to the top through their won effortsC.college professors win great respect from common workersD.people feel painful to mention their fathers as labors答案：A12.According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because _________.A.servants in America are hard to get.B.she takes pride in what she can do herselfC.she can hardly afford servantsD.it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food答案：B13.The underlined expression “wait on table” in Para. 2 means “_________”.A.work in a furniture shopB.keep accounts for a barC.wait to lay the tableD.serve customers in a restaurant答案：D14.The author’s attitude towards manual labor is _______.A.positiveB.negativeC.humorousD.critical答案：A15.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?A.A Respectable Self-made FamilyB.American Attitude toward Manual LaborC.Characteristics of American CultureD.The Development of Manual Labor答案：B三、词汇与语法16.________ fine weather it is today!A.WhatB.HowC.What aD.How a答案：A17.It is high time we ______something to stop road accidents.A.didB.are doingC.will doD.do答案：A18.The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little答案：A19.Australia is one of the few countries ____ people drive on the left of the road.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.on which答案：C20.If she wants to keep slim, she must make a _____ in her diet.A.changeB.turnC.runD.go答案：A四、完型填空A house in Clarktown caught fire on Christmas Eve, 1982. The woman who lived in the house was already in her eighties. Being in poor health, she had trouble in__21__ even when things were fine. With her house burning down around her, she was not able to go__22__. The smoke made her choke (窒息). The fire was very hot. Without quick help she would have died.Fire fighters got to the house. They started to put the fire out. They did not know the old woman was still__23__. The people heard her crying for help. The fire was still very hot and there was lots of smoke.A man dressed like Santa Claus(圣诞老人) was passing by. He was on his way to give gifts to poor families. Hardly had he heard the old woman' cry when he ran into the burning house. After a while he rushed out with the old woman on his back and cameto her safety. Then, as__24__ as he had done that, the man left. No one knew the real name of the hero who had saved the old woman's life.The man went on and took the gifts to the poor children. He did not return home until it was dark. He told his__25__ what had happened. She decided that she did not need to keep the story a secret. She told people that Santa Claus was actually David Rodriguez, her husband. Mr. Rodriguez is a music teacher when he is not playing Santa Claus.21.A.insideB.walkingC.wifeD.anywhereE.quickly答案：B22.A.insideB.walkingC.wifeD.anywhereE.quickly答案：D23.A.insideB.walkingC.wifeD.anywhereE.quickly答案：A24.A.insideB.walkingC.wifeD.anywhereE.quickly答案：E25.A.insideB.walkingC.wifeD.anywhereE.quickly答案：C五、英译汉26.The shop is open till ten at night every day.答案：商店每天营业到晚上十点。
高校英语B试题Test 4Part Ⅱ Use of English(10 points)Directions：In this part there are 10 incomplete dialogues．For each dialogue there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the ONE answer that best completes the dialogue．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．21．—Can you turn down the radio，please？—__________．A．Oh，I knowB．I’m sorry，I didn’t realize it was that loud．C．I’ll keep it down next timeD．Please forgive me22．—These are certainly beautiful flowers．Thank you so much．—__________．A．No，no．It’s nothing B．You are welcome．C．Yes，I agree．D．Yes，I think so，too23．—Hi，Sam，I think you did a good job．—__________．A．Thank you B．Don’t mention itC．Not at all D．I did it quite badly24．—Good morning，sir．May I help you？—__________．A．No，I don’t buy anything B．No，I don’t need your helpC．Yes，I need some sugar D．Oh，no．T hat’s OK．25．—Could you help me with my homework，please？—__________．A．No，no wayB．No，I couldn’tC．No，I can’tD．Sorry I can’t．I have to go to a meeting right now26．—Why don’t you travel to New York on vacation？—__________．A．I don’t want to goB．Excuse me，because I can’tC．I want to, but I haven’t go t enough moneyD．Because I’m going to school today27．—Would you like to go fishing with us now？—__________．A．No，I don’t likeB．It sounds interesting but I have lots of homework to doC．I won’t tell youD．Oh, it is well28．—Could I speak to John Harris, please．—__________．A．Oh，how are you B．I’m JohnC．I’m listening D．Speaking29．—Congratulations！You won the first prize in today’s speech contest．—__________．A．Yes，I beat the others B．No, no, I didn’t do it wellC．Thank you D．It’s a pleasure30．—Can I have a look at your passport？—__________．A．It is here B．Here is it C．Here you are D．No, you can’tPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(30 points)Directions：There are three passages in this part．Each passage is followed by five questions．For each question there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．Passage 1Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are still in existence．They show that he was learning Latin，was very interested in the basics of good behavior in society，and was reading English literature．At school he seems only to have been interested in mathematics．In fact，his formal education was surprisingly brief for a gentleman，and incomplete．For unlike other young Virginian of that day，he did not go to the College of William and Mary in the Virginian capital of Williamsburg．In terms of formal training then，Washington contrasts sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams，Thomas Jefferson and James Madison．In later years，Washington probably regretted his lack of intellectual training．He never felt comfortable in a debate in Congress（国会），or on any subject that had not to do with everyday，practical matters．And because he never learned French and could not speak directly to the French leaders，he did not visit the country he admired so much．Thus，unlike Jefferson and Adams，he never reached Europe．31．Why didn’t Washington go to college？A．His family could not afford it．B．A college education was rather uncommon in his time．C．He didn’t like the young Virginian gentlemen．D．The author doesn’t give any reason．32．Washington felt uncomfortable in Congress debates because he__________．A．lacked practice in public speakingB．felt his education was not good enoughC．didn’t like arguing and debating with peopleD．felt that debating was like intellectual training33．The reason why Washington didn’t visit France was probably that he__________．A．didn’t r eally care about goingB．didn’t know French leadersC．couldn’t co mmunicate directly with the French leadersD．was too busy to travel34．According to the author，__________．A．Washington’s lack of formal education placed him at a disadvantage in later lifeB．Washington should have gone to France even though he could not speak FrenchC．Washington was not as good a president as Adams，Jefferson or MadisonD．Washington was a model for all Virginian gentlemen35．The main idea of the pas sage is that Washington’s education__________．A．was of great variety，covering many subjectsB．was probably equal to those of most young gentlemen of his timeC．may seem poor by modern standards，but was good enough for his timeD．was rather limited for a presidentPassage 2Like most people，I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting．It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery：giving－away makes life so much more exciting．You need not worry if you lack money．This is how I experimented with giving－away．If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me，I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper．One discovery I made about giving－away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back，though the return often comes in an unexpected form．One Sunday morning the coal post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home，though it was addressed to me at my office．I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation．More than a year later I needed a post－office box for a new business I was starting．I was told at the window that there were no boxes left，and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list．As I was about to leave，the postmaster appeared in the doorway．He had overheard（无意中听到）our conversation．“Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home？”I said yes．“well，you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you．You don’t know what a letter like that means to us．We usually get nothing but complaints．”36．From the passage，we understand that__________．A．the author did not understand the importance of giving until he was in late thirtiesB．the author was like most people who were mostly receivers rather than giversC．the author received the same education as most people during his childhoodD．the author liked most people as they looked upon life as a process of getting 37．According to the author__________．A．giving means you will lack moneyB．the excitement of giving can bring you moneyC．you don’t have to be rich in order to giveD．when you give away money, you will be rich38．The author would make the suggestion to the storekeeper__________．A．in writing B．in personC．in the window display D．about the neighborhood39．When the author needed a pest－office box,__________．A．he had to put his name on a waiting listB．he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciationC．many people had applied for post－office boxes before himD．he asked the postmaster to make one for him40．In reply to the postmaster’s question，the author said__________．A．it was the special deliveryB．it was the post－office boxC．it was the note of appreciation he wroteD．it was he who wrote him a letter a year agoPassage 3Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families．Television is the most significant of these influences，because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school．Parents are concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children．The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them．Studies indicate that，when children are exposed to violence，they many become aggressive or insecure．Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television．Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children．And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers．Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of．The most famous of these is Sesame Street，which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet（字母）and numbers．It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live．Even though most parents and educators give Sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality，some critics argue that all television，whether educational or not，is harmful to children．These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive（被动的）consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it．41．Which of the following statements is NOT based on the passage？A．Parents are worried about the influence from television on their children．B．Television has much influence on children．C．Both parents and their children like watching educational television．D．Some critics think that television is no good for children．42．In what ways do children suffer from television？A．They become the victims of social violence．B．They spend hours watching television instead of doing school work．C．The programs make the children lose interest in the world．D．The programs ma ke the children spend too much of their parents’ money．43．Parents would not like their children to see commercials because__________．A．they think that their children are not old enough to handle advertisingB．commercials teach children alphabet and numbersC．commercials help to sell productsD．they don’t like co mmercials44．Educational television is widely appreciated because__________．A．it does have the same commercials as othersB．it offers programs for both children and their parentsC．many parents like the programs it offers for their childrenD．children can learn some school subjects before they go to school45．Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？A．Watching Too Much Television May Be Harmful to Young MindsB．Television Is More Harmful than EducationalC．Television’s Influence on ChildrenD．More Education TelevisionPart TV Vocabulary and Structure(25 points)Section ADirections：In this section there are 15 incomplete sentences．For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the ON E answer that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．46．That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but __________ the police．A．called in B．calling in C．call in D．to call in47．Although Jack made a foolish mistake，we at him．A．ought to have laughed B．oughtn’t to have laughedC．ought to laugh D．should not to laugh48．In no circumstance .A. smoking should be allowed on the campusB. should smoking be allowed on the campusC. should smoking allowed on the campusD. should smoking allow on the campus49．we desire that the tour leader __________ us immediately of any changes in plans．A．inform B．informs C．informed D．has informed50．These two areas are similar __________ they both have a high rainfall during this season．A．to that B．besides that C．in that D．except that51．__________my love of landscape，nothing could persuade me to spend another day in the Highlands．A．But for B．For all C．Above D．Except for52．Scientists say it may be five or ten years __________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients．A．since B．before C．after D．when53．__________is no reason for dismissing him．A．Because he was a few minutes late B．Owing to a few minutes being lateC．The fact that he was a few minutes late D．Being a few minutes late54．Dieters should try to reach and __________ a reasonable weight．A．contain B．secure C．reserve D．maintain55．They claim that __________ l，000 factories closed down during economic crisis．A．sufficiently B．approximately C．considerably D．properly56. I __________ an interesting news item in yesterday’s Times．A．came across B．came up C．came to D．came over57．I was stunned by the news，and my initial __________ was anger．A．impression B．reaction C．comment D．other58．We are interested in the weather because it __________ us so directly—What we wear，what we do，and even how we feel．A．benefits B．affects C．guides D．effects59．That probably explains why public opinion is broadly __________ euthanasia（安乐死），or at least certain forms of it．A．in relation to B．in contrast to C．in excess of D．in favor of60．She was __________ a very affectionate person．A．at heart B．in person C．on purpose D．by natureSection BDirections：There are 10 blanks in the following passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should choose the ON E answer that best completes the passage．Then make the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．Another useful method for improving your reading is the ability to reflect on what is being presented．Readers 61 the material that they have read not simply to understand it，62 to interpret，analyze，and critique this information．Readers use several different methods to help them reflect such as careful note－taking，synthesis（综合），and analysis．Careful note－taking on your reading material 63 while you read．Pausing periodically to 64 about important claims or ideas，65 details，or questions about nuclear concepts is a valuable practice．The act of note－taking will help you to reflect about the content of the document，and the notes you keep will 66 an archive (档案文件)that you can refer to in the future．Synthesis is the ability to take what are 67 seeming irrelevant points and put them together into a meaningful，new whole．Synthesis may occur during your reading，or It may tale place after you have read a document in its entirety．Analysis moves synthesis one step 68 ，encouraging a reader to carefully examine thoroughly the points 69 ，and how they are synthesized．After readers analyze a passage or a whole text，they 70 regarding the document，either generally agreeing or disagreeing with its message．（205 words）61．A．study B．reflect on C．consider D．think62．A．and B．but also C．moreover D．yet63．A．must take place B．may start C．have to begin D．should occur 64．A．make note B．write note C．take notes D．keep note65．A．relevant B．connected C．associated D．linked66．A．act as B．serve as C．consider as D．regard as67．A．firstly B．to begin with C．first hand D．at first68．A．in advance B．farther C．further D．forwardly69．A．to be made B．being made C．having made D．to make70．A．take a position B．insist on C．consider D．hold the viewPart ⅤWriting(15 points)Directions：For this part，you are allowed thirty minutes to write an E－mail to one of your formerclassmates．You should write at least 80 words，and base your E-mail on the Chinese outline below：1．了解对方最近的学习状况。
长春工业大学第八届大学生电子设计竞赛试题参赛注意事项1.2023年4月18日竞赛正式开始, 每队限定在提供的A～F题中任选一题。
2.每队严格限制5人之内。
3.竞赛期间, 可使用各种图书资料和网络资源, 但不得在学校指定场地外进行设计制作。
4、2023年6月5日竞赛结束, 6月6日早8：00上交设计报告、制作实物, 学校组织测试, 所有参赛队均到指定地点进行测试。
滴水器滴水检测系统（A）一、任务:设计并制作一个滴水检测系统。
如图1所示。
图1 结构原理二、规定:1、基本规定:（1）、具有水滴水速度显示功能。
（2）、具有水滴个数计数显示功能。
（3）、具有水滴滴量累计功能。
（4）、具有水滴滴量累计后, 显示单位升,数据有效位到小数点后三位。
并可以换算成毫升、公斤、立方米等功能。
2、发挥部分:（1）、具有存储数据自动回放功能、打印功能。
（2）、具有精确显示检测的水滴滴水速度和水滴滴量其误差≤1%功能。
（3）、具有定期启、停功能, 显示数据有效位到小数点后四位。
四、说明: 滴水器可选用滴液瓶、滴液管。
长春工业大学第八届大学生电子设计竞赛试题参赛注意事项1.2023年4月18日竞赛正式开始, 每队限定在提供的A～F题中任选一题。
2.每队严格限制5人之内。
3.竞赛期间, 可使用各种图书资料和网络资源, 但不得在学校指定场地外进行设计制作。
4、2023年6月5日竞赛结束, 6月6日早8：00上交设计报告、制作实物, 学校组织测试, 所有参赛队均到指定地点进行测试。
自动定量水温控制器（B）一、任务有A.B.C三个水容器, A为供热水容器, B为供冷水容器, C为冷热水混合容器。
工作原理是由A容器向C容器注入热水（温度任意, 但要高于C容器目的温度）, B容器向C容器注入冷水（温度任意, 但要不高于C容器目的温度）。
规定在C容器中冷热水混合后总体积（或液位高度）固定不变, 并且C容器中水的温度可以在40-60℃之间任意设定。
模拟试题一Part I Listening ComprehensionSection AIn this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a pause. Daring the pause, read the question with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1. What does the woman mean?A. She likes all of his novels.B. She likes none of his novels.C. She likes his latest novel very much.2. How many days will the woman be traveling?A. 9.B. 11.C. 15.3. What is the woman most likely?A. A patient.B. A chemist.C. A doctor.4. What' s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?A. Colleagues.B. Classmates.C. Husband and wife.5. Who is in favor of communicating on line?A. The mart.B. The woman.C. Both.Section BIn this section, you will hear two interviews. Each interviewwill be read only once. At the end of each interview, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Interview One6. When is BBC' s Overseas Students at British Universities onair every day?A. 6:30 AM.B. 8:30 GMT.C. 18:30 Greenwich Mean Time.7. What is today's broadcast series about?A. How Chinese students manage to come to Britain.B. How to apply for a scholarship.C. How Chinese students finance their studies.8. Mrs. Wang belongs to the type of students who ______.A. live on a scholarship provided by their working unit back in ChinaB. are usually olderC. haven't finished their college education in China yet9. How much does the Chinese government pay Mrs. Wang each month?A. 1000 pounds.B. 1200 pounds.C. 1000 dollars.10. Which of the following about Mr. Zhu is NOT true?A. Mr. Zhu also lives on a scholarship.B. Mr. Zhu is from Xi'an.C. Mr. Zhu receives around 1200 dollars per month.Interview Two11. What is Mr. Bacon's job specifically?A. Veterinary surgeonB. DoctorC. Nursery12. What sort of pets do people bring to the surgery mainly?A. Cats and dogs.B. Snakes and parrots.C. Rats and ferrets.13. Does Mr. Bacon think the British spend more money on their animals than their children?A. Yes, the British people are very animal-minded.B. No, a group of people are cruel to their animals.C. It depends on the people.14. Does Mr. Bacon think animals are good for people's health?A. Yes, they are companion to old people.B. No.C. Not mentioned.15. Is Mr. Bacon still very much interested in his job?A. Yes, he loves it.B. No, he would like a lot less paperwork.C. Not mentioned.Section CIn this section, you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16. According to the BBC correspondent, the Greeks are worried that Annan has offered too much to the ______ side.A. GreekB. Greek CypriotC. Turkish Cypriots17. Which of the following is TRUE about the American spy plane?A. China refused to let it land in Hong Kong.B. It crashed over the South China Sea.C. It crashed with Chinese fighter plane on April 3rd.18. How many people died in the clashes between Iraqi demonstrators and US troops?A. More than 8.B. More than 13.C. More than 38.19. What can we infer from the news?A. The US and Britain have made a thorough examination on weapons before they started war.B. The UN weapons inspection has been in abeyance because of the war.C. The US and Britain have found evidence that Iraq owned some atomic weapons.20. Which of the followings is NOT the topic of the meetings between the two presidents?A. Nuclear weapons.B. Terrorism.C. Illegal drugs.Section DIn this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.If this is a "Mandela moment" for America, there were—perhaps inevitably—few specific clues in Barack Obama's victory speech as to how that will work its way through on to the world stage. But for those who have objected to American (21) during the Bush years there was the commitment to listening, the promise—in Mr. Obama's words—of (22) American leadership, coupled with the pledge to defeat those who "would (23) "Among the reaction from Europe, President Sarkozy said the American people had chosen "change, openness and (24) " And the European Commission president, Jose Manuel Barroso, said "we need a new deal for a new world".Iraq' s foreign minister (25) Mr. Obama that there was " (26) " in Iraq and he did not foresee a quick US disengagement, (27) President Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan said he hoped the election would bring peace, life and (28) to his country.Managing such (29) abroad, as well as at home, will clearly be one of Mr. Obama's biggest (30)Part II Multiple ChoiceSection ADirections:There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31. When she heard the bad news, her eyes ______ with tears as she struggled to control her emotions.A. sparkledB. twinkledC. radiatedD. glittered32. Half the excuses she gives are not true, but she always seems to ______ them.A. get on withB. get away withC. get up fromD. get in on33. I only know the man by ______ but I have never spoken to him.A. chanceB. heartC. sightD. experience34. The multinational corporation was making a take-over ______for a property company.A. applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion35. The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machine ______ invented.A. everB. thusC. yetD. as36. There ______ nothing more for discussion ; the meeting cameto an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be37. He must give US more time, ______ we shall not be able to make a good job of it.A. consequentlyB. otherwiseC. thereforeD. doubtlessly38. He resented ______ to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once.A. to be asked; to seeB. being asked; to fleeC. to be asked; seeingD. being asked; seeing39. It was recommended that passengers ______ smoke during the flight.A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not40. If this university ______ such a good reputation, I would not have come here.A. didn't haveB. hadn't hadC. doesn't haveD. hasn't hadSection BDirections:There are 5 incomplete statements or questions about some English speaking countries in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the most suitable answer from the given choices. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.41. ______ is the capital city of New Zealand.A. WellingtonB. VancouverC. AucklandD. Canberra42. According to the theory of semantic triangle. A Word is not directly related to the thing it refers to. They are connected by______.A. meaningB. referenceC. conceptD. sense43. The largest river in England is ______.A. the Severn RiverB. the Thames RiverC. Ben NevisD. the Laugh Neigh44. The official name of the United Kingdom is ______.A. the United Kingdom of Great BritainB. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandC. the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern IrelandD. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland45. The House of Commons consists of ______ Members of Parliament.A. 551B. 651C. 751D. 851Part III Reading ComprehensionSection AThere is one passage in this section followed by five questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. "George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery," he says. "We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report—Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under treatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain managementtherapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that thesewell-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse". He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension. "Questions:46. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ______.A. doctors used to increase drug dosages to control theirpatients' painB. it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesC. the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD. patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide47. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.B. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.C. The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.D. A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions.48. According to the NAS's report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ______.A. prolonged medical proceduresB. inadequate treatment of painC. systematic drug abuseD. insufficient hospital care49. Which of the following best defines the word "aggressive" (line 3, paragraph 6) ?A. Bold.B. Harmful.C. Careless.D. Desperate.50. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ______.A. manage their patients incompetentlyB. give patients more medicine than neededC. reduce drug dosages for their patientsD. prolong the needless suffering of the patientsSection BIn this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.As every schoolboy knows, insects pollinate flowers, while birds and mammals disperse seeds by eating fruits or transporting burs on their feathers and fur. These are examples of co-evolution, a phenomenon first described by Charles Darwin in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, published in 1871.Co-evolution, in which two species have evolved together in response to adaptations that each has imposed on the other, can be extremely subtle. For instance, some animals may help to transfer pollen from one plant to another without acting directly as thecarrier themselves. Instead, they make it easier for the pollen to be dispersed by other creatures. Mats Olsson and Richard Shine, of the University of Sydney, and Elisabeth Bak-Olsson, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, have discovered, apparently for the first time, such a mutually beneficial arrangement between a reptile and a plant.For most of the year the Tasmanian snow skink lizard confined to mountain tops in that island is catholic in what it eats. But whenthe honey-bush is in bloom, the skinks make a point of tearing offthe tough, red petals that enclose the rest of the flower. They chew them to extract the nectar and spit out what is left. At first sight, this skink-savaging may not seem all that helpful to the honey- bush. But it is. It exposes the reproductive parts of the flowers, thereby allowing pollinating insects to get at them. Dr. Olsson and his colleagues found that flowers with the petals left intact never produced seed. But, according to their paper in the BiologicalJournal of the Linnean Society, 87% of flowers with the petals tornoff did so.To check that it was the skinks alone that were the plants'little helpers, the researchers placed cages around some honey-bushes. Virtually all of the petals were removed from the flowers on bushes without cages. Only 16% of the caged bushes had their petals ripped off, possibly by high winds battering them.Dr Olsson found no evidence of pollen being carried on a skinkand so concluded that the lizards play no role in transporting honey-bush pollen from one flower to another. But he did see a range of insects: wasps, flies, bumble-bees and others feeding from honey-bush flowers that had no petals covering them. Without the petals removed, it was impossible for insects to do any pollinating.SUMMARY:Co-evolution is (51) described by Charles Darwin in The Descent of Man. In the process of co-evolution, two species may have to respond to adaptations they have imposed on each other.For example, some animals may not carry. (52) from one plant to another. They may help by making it easier for other creatures to disperse the pollen from one plant to another. Such an arrangement seems (53) to both species. In Tasmania, the skink lizards chew the red petals of (54) and spit out what is left. In doing so, they expose the reproductive parts of the flower and enable pollinating insects to reach them. It was discovered that 87% of these flowers produced seeds. Conversely, flowers with petals remaining (55) never did.Section CIn this section, there is one passage followed by five incomplete sentences. Read the passage carefully, and then complete each sentence in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Most people consider bacteria dangerous. After all, these microorganisms cause a host of serious human diseases, including tuberculosis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, and food poisoning. In fact, however, only a small percentage of bacteria cause diseases, while many bacteria are actually beneficial to humans. For example, doctors use bacteria to produce vaccines and other medicines. Bacteria are also critical to many industrial processes, from fermenting wine to recycling wastes, and scientists use bacteria to study many of the biological processes common to all living things.With such a wide variety of economic and scientific applications, it is no surprise that several laboratories around the United States grow and sell bacteria as a crop. These laboratories use specialized farming techniques to produce one of the nation's most valuable biological commodities.Like plants, bacteria have specific growth requirements. In particular, they need a place to grow and they need a supply of nutrients. Bacteria may be cultivated in containers ranging from small test tubes to giant steel tanks. The organisms are placed in a container along with a nutritionally balanced liquid or jelly, called a culture medium, which provides vitamins, minerals, and fluids to the growing bacteria. The growth container and culture medium must be kept at a constant temperature that is appropriate for the type of bacteria being cultivated. Most bacteria used in medicine andindustry grow best between 20℃ and 45℃.In a closed container, bacteria exhibit a definite growth pattern. The figure shows a typical bacterial growth curve. All bacteriafollow this pattern, a fact that is very important to anyone whowants to cultivate them in large numbers.When bacteria are first placed in a growth container, they must adapt to their new environment, and growth is slow while they are making this adjustment. This period is called the "start phase" ofthe bacterial growth cycle. At the end of this phase, as the bacteria become accustomed to their new living conditions, they begin to grow and reproduce rapidly. During the second phase, called the "log phase," a population explosion occurs. In a large tank, millions of new bacteria may be produced every hour during this phase. Eventually, however, the bacterial population reaches the maximum size possible, given the limitations of the growth container. At this point, the bacteria enter the "stationary growth phase," during which they continue to reproduce, but at a slower rate. After a time, thebacteria use up their supply of nutrients and their wastes accumulate in the growth container. The final period in the growth cycle, called the "death phase," occurs when the bacteria begin to die faster than they reproduce.People who grow bacteria for science and industry take advantageof this unique growth cycle. Bacteria are harvested during the "stationary growth phase," yielding a good crop of usable organisms. By carefully monitoring the growth pattern, bacteria farmers can also decide when to add more nutrients to the culture medium or totransfer the bacteria to new growth containers. In this way, they can prevent large losses during the "death phase." By applying a knowledge of the growth requirements and patterns of bacteria, these modern-day agriculturalists are able to help everyone derive the maximum benefit from these versatile organisms.56. Most people consider bacteria dangerous, actually, most of them are ______.57. Most bacteria used in medicine and industry grow best between the temperature of ______.58. ______ follow the growth pattern illustrated in FIGURE 1.59. There are ______ phases in the growth cycle of bacteria.60. Large losses of bacteria in the ______ phase can be avoided artificially.Section DIn this section, there is one passage followed by five questions. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Exactly what a public forest is and how the public should be able to use it has been debated since the National Forests were first formed in 1905. Since then, the U.S. Forest Service has been allowing timber, mining, ranching, and recreational interests to use the forests as a resource. In fact, the Forest Service, which manages 34 million acres of wilderness across the country, is part of the Department of Agriculture. Since the government perpetuated the concept of nature as a user-friendly commodity, you might say that it missed the forest for the trees.For the last 27 years, the rest of the nation—both public and private—has been working to comply with the landmark Endangered Species Act, but the U.S. Forest Service has paid little attention to the wildlife under its care: sometimes due to a lack of funds, sometimes a lack of information, sometimes a lack of will. For the forests in Southern California, however, this is changing. A little known regional environmental group, the Center for Biological Diversity, brought a lawsuit two years ago that has forced the Forest Service to face the Endangered Species Act and comply with it. Assuming the agency is able, all the life in the forest, from Smith's blue butterfly to the cattle rancher to the intrepid backpacker, will be affected.In the Los Padres Forest alone, which spans almost two million acres, as many as 11.6 million people have been allowed to troop in each year during the summer months, unknowingly disrupting a fragile ecosystem essential to the health of the forest they have come to enjoy. Even the rugged packers in the backcountry, mostly nature-lovers at heart, have disturbed the breeding of the red-legged frog and arroyo as they camped, with permission, along shallows.Invasive species aside from humans pose problems as well. Bullfrogs originally from the Eastern U.S. are munching red-legged frogs and arroyo toads, as are the warm water non-native fish species like small-mouthed bass and blue gill. Fragile native plants are being crowded out by pampas grass and other non-natives in themajority of the meadows. One of the most dangerous invaders of Southern California is the cowbird, also an East Coast native, which has been wreaking havoc on native avian species across the country. Cowbirds have the offensive but biologically useful trait of laying eggs in others' nests, leaving the host parents to rear its big, hungry young. Often the baby cowbird hatches first and developsfaster at the expense of its foster parents' offspring.Temporary emergency measures adopted in January 1999 to address these problems closed four campgrounds in the Ojai Ranger District from sunset to sunrise to protect the arroyo toad. In the Monterey district, fencing and grazing use were limited for the benefit ofsteel head.The final settlement on March 1 of the Center for Biological Diversity suit stipulated another set of protections, largely benefiting the California condor. Poisonous ethylocol-basedantifreeze was banned, requirements for anti-perching devices on communication sites went into effect, and bird- safe power lines must be installed.Questions:61. What activities have been allowed in public forests since 1905.962. What made the Forest Service comply with the Endangered Species Act?63. What is the area of the Los Padres Forest?64. Apart from humans what else are regarded as invaders of forests?65. When were four campgrounds closed in order to protect the native species in the forest?Part IV ClozeRead the following passage and fill in each blank with one wordin three ways: according to the context; using the correct form ofthe given words; according to the given letters of the words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.One of the questions coming into focus as we face growingscarcity of resources in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development com 66 , thecoronal wisdom has been 67 the billion people living in poorcountries could never expect to r 68 the standard of living that most of the people in North America e 69 , simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on. At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super-affluence as though there were no limits 70 how much we could consume. We m 71 only 6 percent of the world's people; yet we consume onethird of the world's resources.As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from w 72 our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter. But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, we will no longer be able to think in 73 of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of c 74 resources.As Americans consume such a(n) 75 (proportion) share of theworld's resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super-affluence in a world of 76 (scarce). We are now reaching the point at 77 we must carefully examine the presumed 1 78 between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumed. If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly 79 (enhance). But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn't make d 80 In the eyes of most of the world today, Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still mole. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition in, the world's resources requires that we re-examine the way in which we relate to the rest of the world.Part V TranslationSection ATranslate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Last spring, my husband and I loaded our three children into the car and drove off to see friends in the United States. Over the course of a week, we visited half a dozen households, each with children of its own. (81) And I found myself struck, again and again, by the frequency with which we modern parents use television to silence young children.Get a couple of families together, and when noise from the kids rises too much, on goes the video and all is gratifying silence until the credits roll. (82) It's like throwing a blanket over a noisy parrot's cage : With one motion, the parrot's stimulating surroundings vanish and its squawking instantly subsides. Hit the "play" button and the same thing happens. Children might be wrestling or running around, but let that mesmerizing box light up and they'll stop to stare at the screen. Nearby, the adults smile as the caterwauling ceases: "Phew! That's better."The video has become a member of every family I know. Need to finish a project on a Sunday afternoon? Popping a video buys you an hour or two. Often my children go to play in someone's basement room and a video is on from the time they arrive until they leave.Guilty as I am myself. I find promiscuous use of this sedative disquieting.Children don't stand a chance against videos. (83) No matter how imaginative or independent they may be or how much they may like。
8某个宠物狗美容公司在法律上的构成为独资企业，这种结构对税收的影响是什么？BA. 企业所有者对纳税不承担责任B. 独资企业所获得的所有利润均为所有者所赚取的收入，所有者将承担纳税义务 C. 纳税责任可以与外部投资者分享 D. 合伙人可以分享利润和分担损失，并在个人纳税申报表中体现9美容院正在为刚刚结束的财年准备现金流报表，年初的现金余额为￥15450，年度的现金销售额为￥248040，年度美容椅租金为￥28800，各种用品花费￥15810，许可证和年费为￥4500。
年末的现金余额是多少？10. （）是指一种基于损益表数据的分析，用于衡量企业影响其利润的销售成本和运营支出。
CA. 风险分析B. 投资回报分析C. 利润结构分析D. 成本费用分析如果企业的净收入为$30,000，且所有者的投资为$10,000，则投资回报率（ROI）为（）A. 300％B. 30％C. 3％D. 0.3％如果企业的所有者将企业的一部分出售给合伙人，对企业资产负债表的影响将是？A. 资产负债总额将增加B. 资产负债总额将减少C. 所有者权益总额将增加D. 所有者权益总额将减少选择以下哪种备选方案可以改善现金流？A. 向使用信贷的客户提供折扣B. 为使用现金付款的客户提供折扣C. 向信用记录良好的客户提供消费信贷 D. 将使用信用卡的客户的付款时间从30天延长到60天如果企业借款，其资产负债表中对账户的影响将显示（）A. 资产和所有者权益增加B. 资产和负债增加C. 资产增加和所有者权益减少D. 负债和所有者权益增加如果损益表的底线为零，该公司已经出售了足够的单位以支付费用，那么该业务已经达到了（）A. 盈亏平衡点B. 工作点C. 收入与支出点D. 风险分析点现金加有价证券除以流动负债的总额是用来计算（）的？A. 流动比率B. 流动资金比率C. 债务比率D. 速动比率除了了解销售额外，还需要哪些其他信息来计算销售回报率（ROS）？A. 总资产B. 总负债C. 净收入D. 所有者权益按照资金投入企业的时间点不同来分，创业资金可以分为（）A. 流动资金和非流动资金B. 投资资金和营运资金C. 盈利资金和亏损资金D. 直接资金和间接资金交易信贷,是指企业在筹办期以及生产经营过程中，均可以通过（）的方式筹集部分资金。
选择题（针对以下题目，选择符合题目要求的答案。
针对每一道题目，全选对，则该题得分；所选答案错误或漏选，则该题不得分。
每题2分。
注意：多选题会特别标注）1. 在HTML表单控件下拉列表中，如果要某一项被选中，以下正确的是（ B ）。
A. <option value="" checked>香港</option>B. <option value="" selected>澳门</option>C. <option value="" select>北京</option>D. <option value="selected">武汉</option>2. HTML中有关选择器说法正确的是（）。
A. 类选择器只能应用于某一个HTML元素B. ID选择器可以重复使用C. 标签选择器的优先级高于类选择器D. 标签选择器用于修改HTML元素的默认的样式3. WinForm程序中用户单击“消息框”按钮时返回（ D ）值。
A. DialogValueB. DialogBoxC. DialogCommandD. DialogResult4. 在数据库中关于外键和相应的主键之间的关系，正确的是（ A ）。
A. 外键并不一定要与相应的主键同名B. 外键一定要与相应的主键同名C. 外键一定要与相应的主键同名而且唯一D. 外键一定要与相应的主键同名，但并不一定唯一5. SQL语言中，条件表示年龄在40至50之间的表达式为（ B ）。
A. IN (40，50)B. BETWEEN 40 AND 50C. BETWEEN 40 OR 50D. BETWEEN 40 ,506. 在数据库中下面哪一个语句能使用通配符“%、_、[]、^”查找以“区”字符串结尾的地址？（ B）A. select address from stud_info where address like '[区]'B. select address from stud_info where address like '%区'C. select address from stud_info where address like '[^区]'D. select address from stud_info where address like '区'7. HTML语言中,插入图象的HTML代码是<img src=””>,其中src的含义是（ A ）。
A. 链接的地址B. 图象的路径C. 所插入图象的属性D. 以上都正确8. 在HTML中设置图像超链接时,可以在Alt 文本框中填入注释的文字,下面不是其作用是（ D ）。
A. 当浏览器不支持图像时, 使用文字替换图像B. 当鼠标移到图像并停留一段时间后, 这些注释文字将显示出来C. 在浏览者关闭图像显示功能时, 使用文字替换图像D. 每个图像上都会定时显示注释的文字9. 下列关于CSS样式和HTML样式的不同之处说法正确的是（ D ）。
A. HTML样式只影响应用它的文本和使用所选HTML样式创建的文本B. CSS样式只可以设置文字字体样式C. HTML样式可以设置背景样式D. HTML样式和CSS样式相同，没有区别10. 若要在网页中实现两个DIV对象重叠效果，需要应用样式表定义中的（ D ）。
A. z-index属性B. 容器属性C. 绝对位置与相对位置属性D. CSS滤镜11. 在WinForm窗体中，为了禁用一个名为btnOpen的Button控件，下列做法正确的是（ B ）。
A. btnOpen.Enable=true;B. btnOpen.Enable=false;C. btnOpen.Visible=false;D. btnOpen.Visible=true;12. 在中，已知变量sqlCon是一个SqlCommand对象，则下列代码运行时将出现异常的是（ C ）。
SqlDataReader reader=sqlCon.ExecuteReader();//1reader.Read(); //2reader.Close(); //3reader.Read(); //4A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 413. 在WinForm程序中有ListView 控件名为objListView，要获取其选中的ListViewItem 的文本，代码正确的是（ D ）。
A. string str = objListView.Text;B. string str = objListView.SelectedItem.Text;C. string str = objListView.Items[0].Text;D. string str = objListView.SelectedItems[0].Text;14. 要从此表中筛选出产品名称为“苹果”或者“三星”的记录，下列SQL语句正确的是（）。
A. SELECT * FROM product ON pname ='苹果' OR pname ='三星'B. SELECT * FROM product ON pname ='苹果' AND pname ='三星'C. SELECT * FROM product WHERE pname ='苹果' OR pname ='三星'D. SELECT * FROM product WHERE pname ='苹果' AND pname ='三星'15. 有students表，包含字段：SID（学号），SName（姓名），Grade（成绩）。
现要将所有学员的成绩加10分。
下列SQL语句正确的是（）。
A. UPDATE students SET Grade = Grade+10 WHERE SID =1B. UPDATE * SET Grade = Grade+10C. UPDATE * FROM students SET Grade = Grade+10D. UPDATE students SET Grade = Grade+1016. 在数据库中,下列查询条件（）可以查询出员工表中的address包含'武汉'的记录。
A. Where address='%武汉%'B. Where address is '武汉'C. Where address like '%武汉%'D. Where address like '武汉17. 在WinForm程序中为了使 ListView 控件右键单击时能够显示一个上下文菜单，必须设置其（）属性。
A. ShowMenuB. MenuStripC. ContextMenuStripD. Menu18. 在WinForm程序中要设置一个窗体为 MDI 窗体的子窗体，必须设置该子窗体的（）属性。
A. IsMdiParentB. MdiParentC. IsMDIContainerD. MDIContainer19. 在WinForm程序中工具条或状态条按钮和标签的（）属性，用于设置图像和文本的显示方式。
A. DisplayStyleB. ImageC. TextD. ImageText20. 由（）和（）两部分组成A. Connection，CommandB. DataSet，.Net Framework 数据提供程序C. 服务器，客户端D. 数据库，数据库管理系统21. 在数据库中,哪一个运算符可以替代WHERE子句中的OR运算符？（）A. INB. >=C. LIKED. <=22. 下面C#代码的输出结果是（）。
int x = 5;int y = x++;Console.WriteLine(y);y = ++x;Console.WriteLine(y);A. 5 6B. 6 7C. 5 6D. 5 723. 下面C#代码运行后，s的值是（）。
int s = 0;for (int i = 1; i < 100;i++){if (s > 10){break;}if (i % 2 == 0){s += i;}}A. 20B. 12C. 10D. 624. 若将数据库中的数据填充到数据集，应调用SqlDataAdapter的（）方法。
A. OpenB. CloseC. FillD. Update25. 在Visual 窗口，（）窗口显示了当前Visual Studio解决方案的树型结构。
A. 类视图B. 解决方案资源管理器C. 资源视图D. 属性26. 当运行程序时，系统自动执行启动窗体的（）事件。
A. ClickB. DoubleClickC. LoadD. Activated27. 在数据库中引用完整约束是用来维护（）个表之间的行一致性的。
A. 两B. 三C. 多D. 至少三28. 在WinForm程序中，用来创建主菜单的对象是（）。
A. MenuB. MenuItemC. MenuStripD. Item29. 创建选项菜单应使用以下标记符（）。
A. SELECT 和 OPTIONB. INPUT 和LABELC. INPUTD. INPUT 和OPTION30. 以下有关列表的说法中，错误的是（）。
A. 有序列表和无序列表可以互相嵌套。
B. 指定嵌套列表时，也可以具体指定项目符号或编号样式。
C. 无序列表应使用 UL 和 LI 标记符进行创建。
D. 在创建列表时，LI 标记符的结束标记符不可省略。
31. 要在表单里创建一个普通文本框，以下写法中正确的是（）。
A. <INPUT>B. <INPUT type="password">C. <INPUT type="checkbox">D. <INPUT type="radio">32. 要创建一个左右框架，右边框架宽度是左边框架的3倍，以下HTML语句正确的是（）。
A. <FRAMESET cols="*, 2*">B. <FRAMESET cols="*, 3*">C. <FRAMESET rows="*, 2*">D. <FRAMESET rows="*, 3*">33. 以下说法中，正确的是（）。
