下载文档原格式
初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics测量measure (vt.)测量工具measuring tool测量范围measuring range最小刻度division value实验experiment实验室laboratory误差error刻度尺meter ruler零刻度线zero graduation line 长度length单位unit面积area千米kilometer米meter平方米square meter立方米cubic meter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron纳米nanometer时间time小时hour分钟minute秒second毫秒millisecond体积volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance砝码weights游码rider质量mass吨ton 千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stop watch 力force牛顿Newton测力计dynamometer弹簧秤spring balanceⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction位置position路程path静止rest参照物reference速度velocity平均速度average velocity直线运动rectilinear motion曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motionⅡ、热（heat）温度temperature温度计thermometer摄氏度degree centigrade体温计clinical thermometer分子molecules分子运动molecular motion物质substance物体object状态state固体solid液体liquid气体gas物态变化state transformation晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal熔化melting凝固solidification熔点melting point凝固点solidifying point汽化vaporization蒸发evaporation沸腾boiling沸点boiling point液化liquefaction升华sublimation凝华condensation扩散diffusion吸引力attractive force排斥力repulsive force冰箱refrigerator热传递heat transfer热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection热辐射heat radiation吸收absorb(v.)放出release(v.)热量heat比热（容）specific heat （capacity）Ⅳ、光（light）光源light source光的直线传播rectilinear propagation of light均匀介质well-distributed medium光速velocity of light小孔成像image byping hole日食solar eclipse月食lunar eclipse光的色散dispersion of light平面镜plane mirror光的反射reflectionof light反射定律reflection law入射光线incident ray反射光线reflected ray法线normal镜面反射mirror reflection漫反射diffuse reflection入射角incident angle反射角reflection angle海市蜃楼mirage光的折射refractionof light 折射光线refracted ray折射角refraction angle光屏（屏幕）screen照相机camera潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector电影放映机film projector空气air真空vacuum蜡烛candle透镜lens凸透镜convex lens凹透镜concave lens会聚converge(v.)发散diverge(v.)焦距focal length焦点focus实像real image虚像virtual image（主）光轴principal optical axis 光心optical centerof lens放大的amplified缩小的reduced正立的erected倒立的inverted放大镜magnifier玻璃glass水waterⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体magnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole北极South pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁bar magnet磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnetⅥ、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequencyⅦ、力（force）重力gravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction 大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力component force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law支点pivotⅧ、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图circuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat 半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Ohm’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power电键key(switch)电流electric current额定电压rated voltage干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power蓄电池storage plate安培计ammeter。
阿基米德原理的内容阿基米德原理是古希腊数学家、哲学家阿基米德在其著作《几何证明》中提出的一种基本几何学原理。
英文全称叫“AxiomsofEuclid”，简称 EU。
这一数学原理称为“阿基米德公理”，是历史上最伟大的数学家之一，他为数学提出了一系列重大的概念，其中最著名的就是阿基米德公理。
阿基米德原理概括为“全等三角形内角和等于两直角”，即说明两个相等的三角形，它们具有相同的内角和。
这是阿基米德公理最简单的表述，它可以用算术证明、几何证明以及其他方法来证实。
阿基米德原理的最重要特点在于，它的证明不考虑概念的实际应用，只依靠基础的普遍准则来进行证明。
例如，它认为直线是由无数相等的点所组成，并且可以进行无数分割；它认为一个三角形有三条边，并且一个三角形的三条边都可以分别画出；它认为一个圆形是一个由无数相等的点所组成的图形，并且可以进行无数分割。
阿基米德原理对数学的发展产生了深远的影响，它是数学基础理论的重要组成部分。
它为很多基础性理论的推导、发展奠定了基础，尤其是在几何学中。
此外，它还为很多高等数学理论的发展提供了重要的先导性思想，如研究多维几何、代数学等。
阿基米德原理不仅是数学史上最重要的发现之一，对数学发展有很大的影响，它也具有重要的价值，从理论上以及更宽泛的意义上，它的影响跨越科学、技术、教育、文化以及社会等多个领域。
阿基米德原理在数学中的作用，可以概括为它的原则是无论何时都不会受到改变，而且其结果永远可信赖。
而在其他领域，阿基米德原理也体现出重要的价值。
他提出的“一切从简”为社会发展提出了重要的建议，以做到最有效率的学习、执行、管理等准则，并且他提倡的“自由追求合理”也被认为是一种英雄主义，因为它说明，只有合理的自由才能使一个人完全调动起自己的潜能，为社会做出贡献。
综上所述，阿基米德原理是古希腊数学家阿基米德提出的一种基本几何学原理，它是数学基础理论的重要组成部分，其作用对数学及其他科学领域有着深远的影响，其原则是无论何时都不会受到改变，而且其结果永远可信赖，其中最重要的价值是它宣扬的“一切从简”以及“自由追求合理”的理念。
初中物理阿基米德应用方法研究阿基米德（Archimedes）是古希腊的一位著名科学家，他在物理学上作出了许多重要贡献。
其中，阿基米德原理是他的最著名的成就之一。
阿基米德原理是指：物体在液体或气体中所受的浮力等于它排泄的液体或气体的重量。
这一原理在实际应用中有着广泛而又重要的应用。
阿基米德原理最常见的应用是在浮力的计算。
我们可以通过阿基米德原理来计算物体在水中的浮力大小。
首先，需要测量物体的体积。
然后，将物体浸入水中，根据被排出的水的质量得到物体在水中的浮力。
由于水的密度是已知的，所以就可以根据阿基米德原理来求出物体的密度。
另外一个常见的应用是在船舶和潜水艇的设计中。
船舶和潜水艇的设计需要考虑到它们在水中的浮力和稳定性。
阿基米德原理可以用来计算船舶和潜水艇的浮力，从而使设计者可以根据需要来调整设计参数，以达到更好的浮力和稳定性。
阿基米德原理还可以用来解释一些日常生活中的现象。
比如说，当我们在水中游泳时，我们感觉身体变轻了，这是因为我们在水中受到的浮力与我们在空气中受到的重力相抵消了。
此外，当我们在水中举起一个重物时，我们会感觉这个物体变得轻了。
这也是因为物体在水中的浮力与物体自身重力相抵消了。
我们还可以通过阿基米德原理来设计一些创新性的产品。
比如说，一些鞋子和泳衣可以利用阿基米德原理来提供额外的浮力，帮助人们更容易地在水中保持浮力。
又比如说，一些生产塑料玩具的公司可以利用阿基米德原理来设计玩具，使它们可以在水中漂浮。
总的来说，阿基米德原理是一个非常有用的物理学原理，它不仅可以用来解释物理现象，还可以直接应用到实际生活中的许多领域。
因此，阿基米德原理的研究和应用具有重要的意义。
阿基米德的几个原理
阿基米德（Archimedes）是古希腊的一位数学家、物理学家和工程师，他提出了许多重要的科学原理。
以下是他的几个主要原理：
1. 阿基米德原理（Archimedes' principle）：当物体浸入液体中时，所受浮力等于物体排出的液体的重量，或者说物体所受浮力等于所排开的液体的重量。
这个原理解释了为什么浮在水面上的物体受到浮力支持。
2. 阿基米德螺旋（Archimedes' screw）：是一种可以把水或其他液体从低处抽到高处的装置。
这个装置基于阿基米德提出的螺旋形状态的原理。
3. 阿基米德平衡原理（Archimedes' principle of equilibrium）：当物体平衡时，它所受的浮力等于它受到的重力。
这个原理对于解释浮力、浮标等平衡系统非常有用。
4. 阿基米德定律（Archimedes' law）：关于浮力的定律——浮在液体中的物体所受浮力等于排开的液体的重量。
这个定律是阿基米德原理的数学表述形式。
5. 阿基米德杠（Archimedes' lever）：是基于杠杆原理的一种简单机械装置。
阿基米德研究了杠杆的力学性质，并提出了杠杆原理。
这些原理和定律在物理学、工程学和应用数学中都有广泛的应用和重要性。
阿基
米德的贡献对科学和技术产生了深远的影响。
阿基米德原理英语Archimedes' PrincipleArchimedes' principle, named after the Greek mathematician and scientist Archimedes of Syracuse, states that an object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.To understand this principle better, let's start by examining the concept of buoyancy. Buoyancy refers to the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it. This force enables objects to float or to feel lighter when submerged in a fluid than they do in air.According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. To determine the buoyant force, we need to find the weight of the fluid displaced.The weight of the fluid displaced can be calculated by using the formula:Weight of fluid displaced = density of fluid x volume of fluid displaced x acceleration due to gravity.The density of a substance refers to the mass per unit volume, usuall y measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). The volume of the fluid displaced is equivalent to the volume ofthe object submerged in the fluid. Acceleration due to gravityis a constant value, approximately equal to 9.8 m/s².Based on this formula, we can see that the buoyant force depends on the density and volume of the fluid displaced, aswell as the acceleration due to gravity. The weight of the fluid displaced acts in the opposite direction to the gravitational force acting on the object, reducing its overall weight.Archimedes' principle can explain various phenomena we observe in everyday life. For example, it explains why objects that are denser than water sink while those that are less dense float. When an object is denser than the fluid it is submerged in, the weight of the fluid displaced is less than the weight of the object, and it sinks. On the other hand, if an object isless dense than the fluid, the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, causing it to float.This principle also explains why objects feel lighter when submerged in a fluid. The liquid exerts an upward force on the object that partially counteracts the downward force of gravity, making the object feel lighter. This effect can be observed when we lift heavy objects in a swimming pool, where the buoyantforce reduces the apparent weight of the object.Additionally, Archimedes' principle is the principle behind the functioning of various objects, such as boats and submarines. The principle of buoyancy helps these objects stay afloat orcontrol their depth by adjusting the amount of fluid they displace. By increasing or decreasing the volume of the fluid displaced, these objects can alter the upward buoyant force and control their buoyancy.In conclusion, Archimedes' principle provides insight into the relationship between an object immersed in a fluid and the buoyant force it experiences. Understanding this principle not only helps explain various phenomena related to buoyancy but also contributes to the design and operation of objects that rely on buoyancy for their functioning.。
阿基米德原理英文Archimedes' principle is a fundamental concept in physics and engineering that explains the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid. It was discovered by the ancient Greek mathematician and inventor, Archimedes, who lived in the 3rd century BCE.According to Archimedes' principle, an object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force that is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. In other words, when an object is placed in a fluid, it displaces a certain amount of fluid equal to its own volume, and this displacement creates an upward force that opposes the weight of the object.To explain this principle further, let's consider a simple example. Imagine a solid object, such as a block of metal, submerged in a pool of water. The weight of the block creates a downward force on the object, while the water exerts an upward buoyant force on it. These forces are in equilibrium when the object is suspended in the fluid, leading to a stable position.The buoyant force can be calculated using the equation Fb = ρfluid × V × g, where Fb is the buoyant force, ρfluid is the density of the fluid, V is the volume of the fluid displaced by the object, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. This equation illustrates that the magnitude of the buoyant force is directly proportional to the volume of the fluid displaced.Archimedes' principle has numerous applications in various fields. In shipbuilding, for example, it plays a crucial role in determining the stability and buoyancy of vessels. Engineers also rely on the principle to design submarines, hot air balloons, and other objects that interact with fluids. Additionally, it is the basis for understanding the behavior of objects floating in liquids, such as icebergs and oil tankers.In conclusion, Archimedes' principle is a fundamental principle in physics that explains the buoyant force experienced by an object submerged in a fluid. It provides insights into the equilibrium of forces acting on an immersed object and has widespread applications in engineering and other fields. Archimedes' discovery of this principle was a significant contribution to the understanding of the physical world and continues to be essential in modern-day science.。
物理英文术语及常用词汇物理英文术语及常用词汇为了方便广大考生更好的'复习,店铺整理了物理英语术语及常用词汇,以供各位考生考试复习参考。
希望对考生复习有所帮助。
物理英文术语及常用词汇篇1力 force重力 gravity摩擦力 friction拉力 traction质量 mass惯量 Interia加速度 acceleration力矩 torque静止 at rest相对 relative能量 energy动能 kenetic energy势能 potential energy功 work动量 momentum角动量 angular momentum能量守恒 energy conservation保守力 conserved force振动 vibration振幅 amplitude波 wave驻波 standing wave震荡 oscillation相干波 coherent wave干涉 interference衍射 diffraction轨道 obital速度 velocity速率 speed大小 magnatitude方向 direction水平 horizental竖直 vertical相互垂直 perpendicular坐标 coordinate直角坐标系 cersian coordinate system 极坐标系 polar coordinate system弹簧 spring球体 sphere环 loop盘型 disc圆柱形 cylinder电学磁学：电子 electron电荷charge电流 current电场 electric field电通量 electric flux电势electirc potential导体 conductor电介质 dieletric绝缘体 insultalor电阻 resistor电阻率 resistivity电容capacitor无穷 infinite横截面 cross ection匀强电场 uniform electric field分布 ditribution磁场 magnetic field磁通量 magnetic flux电感 inductance变压器 transformer频率 frequency周期 period电磁波 electomagnetic wave平面 plane热学：热平衡 thermal equilibrium理想气体 ideal gas热能 thermal energy热量 heat热容 heat capacity外界 surrounding准静态过程 quasi-static process等体过程 isochoric process等压过程 isobaric process等温过程 isothermal process绝热过程 adiabatic process循环 cycle光学光 light光程 optical path光强度 light intensity偏振 polarization 波长 wave length 传播 propagation量子力学（高中好像讲了一点点）原子 atomic 光子 photon光电效应 photo-electric effect物质波 matter wave光谱 spectrum激光 laser衰减 decay辐射 radiation械振动 mechanical vibration简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation振幅 amplitude周期 period频率 ferquency赫兹 hertz单摆 simple pendulum受迫振动 forced vibration共振 resonnance机械波 mechanical wave介质 medium横波 transverse wave纵波 longitudinal wave波长 wavelength超声波 supersonic wave阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro constant布朗运动 Brown mation热运动 thermal motion热力学能 thermal energy内能 internal energy热力学第一定律 first law of thermodynamics 能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy热力学第二定律 second law of thermodynamics 各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy单晶体 single crystal(monocrystal)多晶体 ploycrystal表面张力 surface tension毛细现象 capillarity液晶 liquid crystal电荷 electric charge电荷量 queantity df electricity正电荷 positive charg负电荷 negative charg库仑定律 Coulomb law静电感应 electrostatic induction感应电荷 inducde charge元电荷 elementary charge电荷守恒定律 law of conservation of charge库仑（电荷单位） coulomb电场 electric fileld电场强度 electric field strength电场线 electric potential电势 electric potential电势差/电压 electric potential difference伏特 volt电容 capacitance电容器 capacitor法拉（电容单位） farad电流 electric current安培（电流单位） ampere电阻 resistance欧姆（电阻单位） ohm电动势 electormotive force(e.m.f.)半导体 semiconductor超导体 superconductor磁性 magnetism磁场 magnetic field磁感线 magnetic induction line安培定则 Ampere rule安培力 Ampere force磁感应强度 magnetic induction左手定则 left-hand rule洛伦兹力 Lorentz force磁通量 magnetic flux电磁感应 elctromagnetic induction感应电流 induction current感应电动势 induction electromotive force电磁感应定律 law of electromagnetic induction 右手定则 right-hand rule自感 self-induction交流 alternating current瞬时值 instantaneous value峰值 peak value有效值 effective value电感 inductance变压器 transformer电能 electric energy电磁场 electromagnetic field电磁波 electromagnetic wave雷达 radar光线 light ray平行光 parallel light实象 real image虚象 virtual image折射 refaction入射角 incident angle反射角 reflection angle折射角 diffraction angle折射率 diffraction index全反射 total reflection临界角 critical angle光导纤维 optical fiber棱镜 prism色散 dispersion光谱 spectrum波的衍射 diffraction of wave波的干涉 interference of waves 红外线 infrared ray紫外线 ultraviolet rayX射线 X-ray电磁波谱 electromagnetic effect 光电效应 photoelectric effect光子 photon普朗克常数 Planck constant波粒二象性 wave-particle duality 概率波 probability wave物质波 matter wave电子 electron质子 proton中子 neutron核子 nucleon同位数 isotope原子核 nucleus能级 energy level基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition放射性 radioactivityα射线α rayβ射线β rayγ射线γ ray衰变 decay核反应 nuclear reaction核能 nuclear energy质能方程 mass-energy equation裂变 fission链式反应 chain reaction聚变 fusion热核反应 thermonuclear reaction介子 meson轻子 lepton强子 hadron物理英文术语及常用词汇篇2AAbsolute acceleration 绝对加速度Absolute error 绝对误差Absolute motion 绝对运动Absolute temperature 绝对温度Absolute velocity 绝对速度Absolute zero 绝对零度Absorption 吸收Absorptivity 吸收率Accelerated motion 加速运动Acceleration of gravity重力加速度Acceleration 加速度Accidental error 偶然误差Acoustics 声学Acting force 作用力Adjustment 调节Aether 以太Air pump 抽气机Air table 气垫桌Air track 气垫导轨Alternating current circuit 交流电路Alternating current generator交流发电机Alternating 交流电Altimeter 测高仪Ammeter 安培计Amperemeter 电流计Ampere 安培Ampere’s experiment 安培试验Ampere’s force 安培力Ampere’s law 安培定律Amperemeter 安培计Amplitude 振幅Angle of rotation 自转角转动角Angular acceleration 角加速度Angular displacement 角位移Angular velocity 角速度Anion 负离子Anisotropy 各向异性AnnihilationAnode 阳极Antenna 天线Applied physics 应用物理学Archimedes principle阿基米德原理Area 面积Argumentation 论证Argument 辐角Astigmatoscope 散光镜Atomic nucleus 原子核Atomic physics 原子物理学Atomic spectrum 原子光谱Atomic structure 原子结构Atom 原子Atwood’s machine阿特伍德机Average power 平均功率Average velocity 平均速度Avogadroconstant 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律Bbalance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压机basic quantity 基本量basic units 基本单位battery charger 电池充电器battery accumulator 蓄电池battery 电池组beam 光束betatron 电子感应加速器Bohr atom model 波尔原子模型Boiling point 沸点Boiling 沸腾Bounce 反弹Bound charge 束缚电荷Bound electron 束缚电子Branch circuit 支路Breakdown 击穿Brightness 亮度Buoyancy force 浮力CCalorifics 热学camera 照相机capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capillarity 毛细现象cathode ray 阴极射线cathode－ray tude 阴极射线管cathode 阴极cation 正离子cell 电池Celsius scale 摄氏温标Centre of gravity 重心Centre of mass 质心Centrifugal force 离心力Centripetal acceleration 向心加速度Centripetal force 向心力Chain reaction 链式反应Chaos 混沌Characteristic spectrum 特征光谱Charged body 带电体Charged particle 带电粒子Charge 充电Circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射Circular motion 圆周运动Classical mechanics 经典力学Classical physics 经典物理学Cloud chamber 云室Coefficient of maximum static friction 最大静摩擦系数Coefficient of restitution 恢复系数Coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数Coefficient 系数Coil 线圈Collision 碰撞Component force 分力Coherent light 相干光源Component velocity 分速度Composition of forces 力的合成Composition of velocities 速度的合成Compression 压缩Concave lens 凹透镜Concave mirror 凹面镜Concurrent force 共点力Condensation 凝结Condenser 电容器Conducting medium 导电介质Conductor 导体Conservative force field 保守立场Conservative force 保守力Constant force 恒力Constant 常量Continuous spectrum 连续谱Convergent lens 会聚透镜Convex lens 凸透镜Convex mirror 凸面镜Coordinate system 坐标系Coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力Corpuscular property 例子性Corpuscular theory 微粒说Coulomb force 库仑力Coulomb 库仑Coulomb’s law库仑定律counter 计数器creation 产生creepage 漏电crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical resistance 临界电阻critical temperature 临界温度crystal 晶体current density 电流密度current element 电流元current source电流源current strength 电流强度curvilinear motion 曲线运动cyclotron 回旋加速器DDamped vibration 阻尼震动Damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹尼尔电池Data processing 数据处理Data 数据Decay衰变Definition of ampere 安培的定义Defocusing 散集Density 密度Derived quantity 导出量Derived unit 导出单位Dielectric 电介质Diffraction pattern衍射图样Diffraction 衍射Diffuse reflection 漫反射Digital timer 数字计时器Dimensional exponent量纲指数Dimension 量纲Diode 二极管Diopter 屈光度Direct current 直流（dc）Direct impact 正碰Direct measurement 直接测量Discharge 放电Disorder 无序物理英文术语及常用词汇篇3physics 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声，洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性，磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片，集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify (动词)放大amplifier 放大器，扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光(学)的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜，镜片microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的【物理英文术语及常用词汇】。
各个发明原理的英文
以下是一些常见发明原理的英文表述：
1. Archimedes' Principle（阿基米德原理）
2. Bernoulli's Principle（伯努利原理）
3. Boyle's Law（波义尔定律）
4. Charles's Law（查理定律）
5. Doppler effect（多普勒效应）
6. Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction（法拉第电磁感应定律）
7. Gauss's Law（高斯定律）
8. Hooke's Law（胡克定律）
9. Newton's Laws of Motion（牛顿运动定律）
10. Ohm's Law（欧姆定律）
11. Pascal's Law（巴斯卡定律）
12. Planck's Law（普朗克定律）
13. Pythagorean theorem（毕达哥拉斯定理）
14. Snell's Law（斯涅尔定律）
15. Tsiolkovsky's Rocket Equation（柴可夫斯基火箭方程）
16. Watt's Law（瓦特定律）
需要注意的是，有些原理在不同国家和领域中可能有不同的名称，因此可能存在其他不同的英文表述。
阿基米德原理是什么阿基米德定律的内容是：浸在液体里的物体受到向上的浮力作用，浮力的大小等于被该物体排开的液体的重量。
阿基米德（Archimedes）定律力学中的基本原理之一。
阿基米德原理是什么适用于液体和气体。
阿基米德原理适用于全部或部分浸入静止流体的物体，要求物体下表面必须与流体接触。
如果物体的下表面并未全部同流体接触，例如，被水浸没的桥墩、插入海底的沉船、打入湖底的桩子等，在这类情况下，此时水的作用力并不等于原理中所规定的力。
如果水相对于物体有明显的流动，此原理也不适用。
鱼在水中游动，由于周围的水受到扰动，用阿基米德原理算出的力只是部分值。
这些情形要考虑流体动力学的效应。
水翼船受到远大于浮力的举力就是动力学效应，所循规律与静力学有所不同。
阿基米德发明了什么力学方面：1、在总结了关于埃及人用杠杆来抬起重物的经验的基础上，阿基米德系统地研究了物体的重心和杠杆原理。
提出了精确地确定物体重心的方法，指出在物体的中心处支起来，就能使物体保持平衡；同时，他在研究机械的过程中，发现并系统证明了阿基米德原理（即杠杆定律），为静力学奠定了基础。
此外，阿基米德利用这一原理设计制造了许多机械。
2、他在研究浮体的过程中发现了浮力定律，也就是有名的阿基米德定律。
几何学方面：阿基米德的数学成就在于他既继承和发扬了古希腊研究抽象数学的科学方法，又使数学的研究和实际应用联系起来。
1、阿基米德确定了抛物线弓形、螺线、圆形的面积以及椭球体、抛物面体等各种复杂几何体的表面积和体积的计算方法。
在推演这些公式的过程中，他创立了“穷竭法”，类似于现代微积分中所说的逐步近似求极限的方法。
2、他是科学的研究圆周率的第一人。
他提出用圆内接多边形与外切多边形边数增多、面积逐渐接近的方法求圆周率。
他求出了圆周率大小范围为：223/71<π<22/7。
3、面对古希腊繁冗的数字表示方式，阿基米德还首创了记大数的方法，突破了当时用希腊字母计数不能超过一万的局限，并用它解决了许多数学难题。
Aabsolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute error 绝对误差absolute motion 绝对运动absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute zero 绝对零度absorption 吸收absorptivity 吸收率accelerated motion 加速运动acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration 加速度accidental error 偶然误差acoustics 声学acting force 作用力adjustment 调节aether 以太air pump 抽气机air table 气垫桌air track 气垫导轨alternating current circuit 交流电路alternating current generator 交流发电机alternating current 交流电altimeter 测高仪ammeter 安培计amperemeter 电流计ampere 安培Ampere's experiment 安培实验Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's law 安培定律amperemeter 安培计amplitude 振幅angle of rotation 自转角，转动角angular acceleration 角加速度angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度anion 负离子anisotropy 各向异性annihilation 湮没anode 阳极antenna 天线applied physics 应用物理学Archimedes principle 阿基米德原理area 面积argumentation 论证argument 辐角astigmatoscope 散光镜atomic nucleus 原子核atomic physics 原子物理学atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic structure 原子结构atom 原子Atwood ' s machine 阿特伍德机average power 平均功率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律Bbalance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压计basic quantity 基本量basic units 基本单位battery charger 电池充电器battery,accumulator 蓄电池battery 电池组beam 光束betatron 电子感应加速器Bohr atom model 玻尔原子模型boiling point 沸点boiling 沸腾bounce 反弹bound charge 束缚电荷bound electron 束缚电子branch circuit 支路breakdown 击穿brightness 亮度buoyancy force 浮力Ccalorifics 热学camera 照相机capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capillarity 毛细现象cathode ray 阴极射线cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cathode 阴极cation 正离子cell 电池Celsius scale 摄氏温标centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centrifugal force 离心力centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力chain reaction 链式反应chaos 混沌characteristic spectrum 特征光谱charged body 带电体charged particle 带电粒子charge 充电circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射circular motion 圆周运动classical mechanics 经典力学classical physics 经典物理学cloud chamber 云室coefficient of maximum static friction最大静摩摩系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数coefficient 系数coherent light 相干光源coil 线圈collision 碰撞component force 分力component velocity 分速度composition of forces 力的合成composition of velocities 速度的合成compression 压缩concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹面镜concurrent force 共点力condensation 凝结condenser 电容器conducting medium 导电介质conductor 导体conservative force field 保守力场conservative force 保守力constant force 恒力constant 常量continuous spectrum 连续谱convergent lens 会聚透镜convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸面镜coordinate system 坐标系coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力corpuscular property 粒子性corpuscular theory 微粒说Coulomb force 库仑力coulomb 库仑Coulomb's law 库仑定律counter 计数器creation 产生creepage 漏电crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical resistance 临界电阻critical temperature 临界温度crystal 晶体current density 电流密度current element 电流元current source 电流源current strength 电流强度curvilinear motion 曲线运动cyclotron 回旋加速器Ddamped vibration 阻尼振动damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹聂耳电池data processing 数据处理data 数据decay 衰变definition of ampere 安培的定义defocusing 散集density 密度derived quantity 导出量derived unit 导出单位dielectric 电介质diffraction pattern 衍射图样diffraction 衍射diffuse reflection 漫反射digital timer 数字计时器dimensional exponent 量纲指数dimension 量纲diode 二级管diopter 屈光度direct current, DC 直流direct impact 正碰direct measurement 直接测量discharge 放电disorder 无序dispersion 色散displacement 位移divergent lens 发散透镜Doppler effect 多普勒效应double slit diffraction 双缝衍射driving force 驱动力dry cell 干电池Eecho 回声eddy current 涡流effective value 有效值elastic body 弹性体elastic force 弹［性］力elasticity 弹性electric charge 电荷electric circuit 电路electric corona 电晕electric energy 电能electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度electric field line 电场线electric flux 电通量electric leakage 漏电electric neutrality 电中性electric potential 电位，电势electric potential difference 电位差，电势差electric potential energy 电位能electric power 电功率electric quantity 电量electrification 起电electrification by friction 摩擦起电electrified body 带电体electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electromagnetic damping 电磁阻尼electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetic wave spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetism induction phenomenon 电磁感应现象electromagnet 电磁体electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron microscope 电子显微镜electron volt 电子伏特electroscope 验电器electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic screening 静电屏蔽elementary charge 基本电荷，元电荷energy 能量energy level 能级equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium position 平衡位置equilibrium state 平衡态equivalent source theorem 等效电源定理erect image 正像error 误差ether 以太evaporation 蒸发excitation 激发excitation state 激发态experiment 实验experimental physics 实验物理学external force 外力eyepiece 目镜Ffar sight 远视Faraday cylinder 法拉第圆筒Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday's law of electromagnetic induct 法拉第电磁感应定律farad 法拉(电容的单位)film interference 薄膜干涉final velocity 末速度first cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度fission 裂变fixed-axis rotation 定轴转动flotation balance 浮力秤fluid 流体focal length 焦距focusing 调焦，聚焦focus 焦点force 力forced vibration 受迫振动fractal 分形free charge 自由电荷free electron 自由电子free period 自由周期freezing point 凝固点frequency 频率friction force 摩擦力fusion 聚变Ggalvanometer 电流计gas 气体general physics 普通物理学generator 发电机good conductor 良导体gravitation 引力gravity 重力gravitational potential energy 重力势能gravity field 重力场ground earth 接地ground state 基态ground wire 地线Hhadron 强子half life period 半衰期heat 热heat transfer 传热henry 亨利hertz 赫兹(频率的单位)Hooke law 胡克定律humidity 湿度hydrogen 氢原子hypothesis 假设Iice point 冰点ideal gas 理想气体image 像image distance 像距image height 像高imaging 成像imperfect inelastic collision 非完全弹性碰撞impulse 冲量incident angle 入射角incident ray 入射线indirect measurement 间接测量induced electric current 感应电流induced electric field 感应电场induction current 感应电流induction electromotive force 感应电动势induction motor 感应电动机inertia 惯性inertial force 惯性力inertial system 惯性系infrared ray 红外线infrasonic wave 次声波initial phase 初位相initial velocity 初速度input 输入instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instrument 仪器insulated conductor 绝缘导体insulating medium 绝缘介质insulator 绝缘体intensity of sound 声强interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉条纹interference pattern 干涉图样interferometer 干涉仪internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内阻intonation 声调inverted image 倒像invisible light 不可见光ion beam 离子束ionization 电离irreversible process 不可逆过程isobaric process 等压过程isobar 等压线isochoric process 等体积过程isothermal 等温线isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isotropy 各向同性Jjoule 焦耳（功的单位）Joule heat 焦耳热Joule law 焦耳定律Joule' law 焦耳定律KKepler law 开普勒定律kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能LLaplace's equation 拉普拉斯方程laser 激光，激光器law 定律law of conservation of angular momentum角动量守恒定律law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律law of conservation of mass 质量守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of electric charge conservation 电荷守恒定律Le Système International d ` Unit è s 国际单位制(SI) lead 导线length 长度lens 透镜lens formula 透镜公式Lenz's law 楞次定律lepton 轻子Light ray 光线light source 光源light wave 光波lightning rod 避雷针light 光line spectrum 线状谱lines of current 电流线lines of force of electric field 电力线liquefaction 液化liquefaction point 液化点liquid 液体longitudinal wave 纵波loop 回路Lorentz force 洛仑兹力luminous intensity 发光强度Mmagnetic field 磁场magnetic field intensity 磁场强度magnetic field line 磁场线magnetic induction flux 磁感应通量magnetic induction 磁感应强度magnetic induction line 磁感应线magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic needle 磁针magnetic pole 磁极magnetics 磁学magnetism 磁学magnetization 磁化magnet 磁体magnification 放大率magnifier 放大镜，放大器manometer 流体压强计mass 质量mass defect 质量亏损mass-energy equation 质能方程matter 物质matter wave 物质波Maxwell's equations 麦克斯韦方程组mean speed 平均速率mean velocity 平均速度measurement 测量mechanical energy 机械能mechanical motion 机械运动mechanical vibration 机械振动mechanics 力学medium 介质melting fusion 熔化melting point 熔点metre rule 米尺microdetector 灵敏电流计micrometer caliper 螺旋测微器microscope 显微镜microscopic particle 微观粒子mirror reflection 镜面反射mirror 镜mixed unit system 混合单位制modern physics 现代物理学molar volume 摩尔体积molecular spectrum 分子光谱molecular structure 分子结构moment of force 力矩momentum of electromagnetic field 电磁场的动量momentum 动量motor 电动机multimeter 多用［电］表musical quality 音色NN pole 北极natural frequency 固有频率natural light 自然光negative charge 负电荷negative crystal 负晶体negative ion 负离子negative plate 负极板network 网络neutralization 中和neutron 中子newton 牛顿（力的单位）Newton first law 牛顿第一定律Newton second law 牛顿第二定律Newton third law 牛顿第三定律nonequilibrium state 非平衡态north pole 北极nucleus force 核力nucleus of condensation 凝结核Oobject 物object distance 物距object height 物高objective 物镜observation 观察Oersted's experiment 奥斯特实验ohm 欧姆Ohm law 欧姆定律ohmmeter 欧姆计Ohm's law 欧姆定律open circuit 开路optical bench 光具座optical centre of lens 透镜光心optical fiber 光导纤维optical glass 光学玻璃optical instrument 光学仪器optical lever 光杠杆optical path difference 光程差optical path 光程(路)optically denser medium 光密介质optically thinner medium 光疏介质optics 光学orbit 轨道order 有序oscillograph 示波器output 输出overweight 超重Pparallel connection of condensers 电容器的并联parallelogram rule 平行四边形定律parallel-resonance circuit 并联谐振电路parameter 参量particle 质点，粒子Pascal law 帕斯卡定律path 路程peak 峰值pendulum 摆penumbra 半影perfect conductor 理想导体perfect elastic collision 完全弹性碰撞perfect inelastic collision 完全非弹性碰撞periodicity 周期性period 周期periscope 潜望镜permanent magnet 永磁体permittivity of vacuum 真空介电常数permittivity 电容率phase 位相phenomenon 现象photocurrent 光电流photoelectric cell 光电管photoelectric effect 光电效应photoelectron 光电子photography 照相术photon 光子physical balance 物理天平physical quantity 物理量physics 物理学piezometer 压强计pitch 音调Planck constant 普朗克常量plasma 等离子体point charge 点电荷polarization 偏振polarized light 偏振光polycrystal 多晶体poor conductor 不良导体positive charge 正电荷positive crystal 正晶体positive ion 正离子positive plate 正极板positron 正电子potential energy 势能potentiometer 电位差计power 功率pressure 压强，压力primary coil 原线圈principle of constancy of light velocity 光速不变原理prism 棱镜projectile 抛体projectile motion 抛体运动projector 投影仪proton 质子pulley 滑轮pulley block 滑轮组Qquantity of heat 热量quantization 量子化quantum 量子quantum mechanics 量子力学quantum number 量子数Rradar 雷达radioactive source 放射源radius of gyration 回旋半径random motion 无规则运动range 量程rated voltage 额定电压reacting force 反作用力real image 实像real object 实物reasoning 推理recoil 反冲rectilinear motion 直线运动reference frame 参考系，坐标系reference system 参考系reflected angle 反射角reflected ray 反射线reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection law 反射定律reflectivity 反射率refracted angle 折射角refracted ray 折射线refraction law 折射定律refraction coefficient 折射系数refractive index 折射率relative acceleration 相对加速度relative error 相对误差relative motion 相对运动relative velocity 相对速度relativity 相对论resistance 电阻resistance box 电阻箱resistivity 电阻率resistor 电阻［器］resolution of force 力的分解resolution of velocity 速度的分解resonance 共振，共鸣resonant frequency 共振频率resultant force 合力resultant velocity 合速度reversibility of optical path 光路可逆性reversible process 可逆过程rheostat 变阻器right-hand screw rule 右手螺旋定则rocker 火箭rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场rotation 自转，转动Rutherford scattering 卢瑟福散射Rutherford ［α-particle scattering］experiment 卢瑟福［α散射］实验SS pole 南极saturation 饱和scalar 标量scalar field 标量场scanner 扫描器second cosmic velocity 第二宇宙速度selective absorption 选择吸收self-induced electromotive forc自感电动势self-inductance 自感self-induction phenomenon 自感系数semiconductor 半导体semi-transparent film 半透膜sensitive galvanometer 灵敏电流计sensitivity 灵敏度sensitometer 感光计sensor 传感器series connection of condensers 电容器的串联series-resonance circuit 串联谐振电路short circuit 短路short sight 近视shunt resistor 分流电阻significant figure 有效数字simple harmonic motion (SHM) 简谐运动simple harmonic wave 简谐波simple pendulum 单摆single crystal（monocrystal）单晶体single slit diffraction 单缝衍射sinusoidal alternating current 简谐交流电sinusoidal current 正弦式电流sliding friction 滑动摩擦slit 狭缝solar cell 太阳能电池solenoid 螺线管solidification 凝固solidifying point 凝固点solid 固体solution 溶液solvation 溶解sonar 声纳sound source 声源sound velocity 声速sound wave 声波sound 声［音］source 电源south pole 南极space 空间spark discharge 火花放电special relativity 狭义相对论specific heat capacity 比热容spectacles 眼镜spectral analysis 光谱分析spectral line ［光］谱线spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrography 摄谱学spectroscopy 光谱学spectrum 光谱speed 速率spherical mirror 球面镜spontaneous radiation 自发辐射spring balance 弹簧秤stability 稳定性stabilized current supply 稳流电源stabilized voltage supply 稳压电源standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压standard cell 标准电池standing wave 驻波static friction 静摩擦stationary state 定态steady current 恒定电流steady current source 恒流源steady voltage source 恒压源steam point 汽点stiffness 劲度［系数］stimulated radiation 受激辐射stop watch 停表sublimation 升华superconductivity 超导［电］性superconductor 超导体superposition principle of electric field 电场强度叠加原理superposition theorem 叠加定律supersaturation 过度饱和supersonic speed 超声速supersonic wave 超声波supply transformer 电源变压器surface resistance 表面电阻switch 开关system of concurrent forces 共点力系system of particles 质点系system of units 单位制systematic error 系统误差Ttelescope 望远镜temperature 温度tension 张力the law of gravity 万有引力定律theorem 原理theorem of kinetic energy 动能定理theorem of momentum 动量定理theoretical physics 理论物理学theory 理论thermal capacity 热容［量］thermal equilibrium 热平衡thermal motion 热运动thermal transmission 传热thermodynamic scale ［of temperature］热力学温标thermodynamic temperature 热力学温度thermometer 温度计thermometric scale 温标thermonuclear reaction 热核反应thick lens 厚透镜thin lens 薄透镜third cosmic velocity 第三宇宙速度three-phase alternating current 三相［交变］电流time 时间timer 定时器，计时器torsion balance 扭秤total reflection 全反射trajectory 轨道transformer 变压器transistor 晶体管transition 跃迁translation 平移transmission line 传输线transmissivity 透射率transverse wave 横波triboelectrification 摩擦起电triode 三极管trough 波谷tuning fork 音叉turbulent flow 湍流Uultrasound wave 超声波ultraviolet ray 紫外线umbra 本影undulatory property 波动性uniform dielectric 均匀电介质uniform motion 匀速运动unit 单位unit system 单位制universal constant 普适常量universal gravitation 万有引力universal meter 多用［电］表Vvacuum tube 真空管vacuum 真空value of amplitude 幅值vaporization 汽化variable 变量vector 矢量velocity of light 光速velocity 速度verification 验证vernier 游标vernier caliper 游标卡尺vibration 振动viewing angle 视角viewing field 视场virtual image 虚像virtual object 虚物virtual value 有效值visibility 可见度visible light 可见光voltage 电压voltage division circuit 分压电路voltaic cell 伏打电池voltmeter 伏特计voltmeter-ammeter method 伏安法volt 伏特volume 体积vortex electric field 涡旋电场Wwatt 瓦特wave equation 波动方程wave theory 波动说wavelength 波长wave-particle dualism 波粒二象性wave 波weight 重量weightlessness 失重white light 白光work 功work function 逸出功XX-ray X射线Young experiment 杨氏实验zero line 零线α -decay α衰变α -particle α粒子α -ray α射线β -decay β衰变β -ray β射线Yγ -decay γ衰变γ -ray γ射线。
amorphous state 非晶态amorphous substance 无定形物质amount 数量amount of evaporation 蒸发量amount of information 信息量amount of precipitation 降水量amount of substance 物质量ampere 安ampere hour 安时ampere meter 安培计ampere second 安秒ampere turn 安匝ampere turn per meter 每米安匝数ampere turns 安匝数amphoteric 两性的amphoteric ion 两性离子amplidyne 放大发电机amplification 放大amplification constant 放大系数amplification factor 放大系数amplified spontaneous emission 放大自发射amplifier 放大器amplifying tube 放大管amplitude 振幅amplitude characteristic 振幅特性amplitude discriminator 脉冲高度鉴别器amplitude distortion 振幅失真amplitude function 振幅函数amplitude mode 振幅模amplitude modulated oscillations 爹振荡amplitude modulation 爹amplitude reflectance 振幅反射度amplitude selector 振幅选择器amplitude transmittance振幅透过率anabatic wind 谷风anaclastics 屈光学anafront 上滑锋anallobar 正变压中心analog 数学模型analog circuit 模拟电路analog computer 模拟计算机analog method 相似法analog signal 模拟信号analog switch 模拟开关analog to digitalconversion 模拟数字转换analog to digitalconverter a d 变换器模数变换器analogous 类似的analogue 数学模型analogue computer 模拟计算机analogue display 相似表示analogue method 相似法analogy 模拟analyser 分析器analysis 分析analysis centre 分析中心analysis of covariance协方差解析analysis of variance 方差分析analysis of weather map天气图分析analysis situs 拓扑学analytic 分析的analytic continuation 解析开拓analytic curve 分析曲线analytic dynamics 解析动力学analytic expression 分析式analytic form 分析形式analytic function 解析函数analytic geometry 分析几何学analytic line 分析线analytic manifold 分析簇analytic method 分析法analytic perturbationtheory 解析微扰论analytic set 分析集analytic signal 分析信号analytic transformation分析变换analytic vector 解析向量analytical balance 分析天平analytical dynamics 分析力学analytical mechanics 分析力学analyzer 分析器analyzing magnet 磁分析器anamorphotic lens 象歪曲透镜anastigmat 消象散透镜anastigmatic 去象散的anastigmatic lens 消象散透镜anastigmatism 消象散性anchor ring 锚环and circuit 与电路and or circuit 与或电路anderson localization 安德森定域anderson model 安德森模型anderson orthogonalitytheorem 安德森正交定理anderson's delocalization theory 安德森非定域理论andreev reflection 安德列耶夫反射andromeda 仙女座andromeda galaxy 仙女座星云andromeda nebula 仙女座星云anechoic 无回声的anechoic chamber 无回声室anechoic room 静室anelasticity 滞弹性anemogram 风力自记曲线anemograph 风速计anemometer 风速表anemoscope 测风器风速仪anergy 无力aneroid barograph 膜盒气压表aneroid barometer 空盒气压表angle 角angle at centre 中心角angle correlation 角关联angle of advance 超前角angle of attack 迎角angle of contact 接触角angle of contingence 切线角angle of declination 偏角angle of deflection 偏转角angle of deviation 偏向角angle of diffraction 衍射角angle of friction 摩擦角angle of incidence 入射角angle of intersection 交叉角angle of lag 滞后角angle of lead 超前角angle of minimumdeviation 最小偏角angle of polarization 偏振角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of scattering 散射角angle of slide 滑动角angle of view 视角angle preserving 保角的angle preserving map 保角映象angstrom 埃angstrom unit 埃单位angular 角的angular acceleration 角加速度angular coefficient 角系数angular coordinates 角座标angular correlation 角关联angular derivative 角微离angular dispersion 角色散angular displacement 角位移angular distance 角距angular distribution 角分布angular frequency 角频angular magnification 角放大率angular measure 角度angular momentum 角动量angular momentumconservation law 角动量守恒定律angular motion 角动angular quantum number角量子数angular resolution 角分辨率angular separation 角距angular unit 角的单位angular velocity 角速度angular vibrations 角振动anharmonic 非低的anharmonic oscillation非谐振动anharmonic oscillator 非谐振子anharmonic ratio 非低比anharmonic term 非谐项anharmonicity 非谐振性anhysteric magnetizationcurve 无磁滞曲线animal electricity 动物电anion 阴离子anisometric crystal 非等轴晶体anisotropic 蛤异性的anisotropic body 蛤异性体anisotropic exchangeinteraction 蛤异性交换相互酌anisotropic fluid 蛤异性铃anisotropic hamiltonian蛤异性哈密顿函数anisotropic medium 蛤异性介质anisotropic superfluid蛤异性超铃anisotropic turbulence蛤异性湍流anisotropic universe 蛤异性宇宙anisotropy 蛤异性anisotropy constant 蛤异性常数anisotropy energy 蛤异性能anisotropy magnetic field 蛤异性磁场anisotropy ratio 蛤异性比annealing 退火annihilation 湮没annihilation operator 湮没算符annihilation radiation 湮没辐射annual 年刊annual aberration 周年光行差annual amount of precipitation 年降水量annual equation 周年差annual mean 年平均annual parallax 周年视差annual precession 年岁差annual range 年较差annual variation 年变化annular 环annular eclipse 环食annular focus 环形焦点annulation 取消anode 阳极anode battery 阳极电池组anode compartment 阳极空间anode current 板极电流anode dark space 阳极暗区anode detection 板极检波anode fall 阳极势降anode glow 阳极辉光anode rays 极隧射线anode resistance 板极电阻anode voltage 板极电压anomalistic 近点的anomalistic month 近点月anomalistic year 近点年anomalon 反常子anomaloscope 色盲检查镜anomalous 反常的anomalous absorption 反常吸收anomalous diffusion 反常扩散anomalous dimension 反常量纲anomalous dispersion 反常色散anomalous electricresistivity 反常电阻率anomalous hall effect 反常霍耳效应anomalous magneticmoment 反常磁矩anomalous propagation 反常传播anomalous propagation ofsound 声的反常传播anomalous scattering 反常散射anomalous skin effect 反常囚效应anomalous transmission反常透射anomalous zeeman effect反常塞曼效应anomaly 反常antagonism of ions 离子的对抗酌antapex 背点antarctic circle 南极圈antarctic circle ozonhole 南极圈臭氧孔antecedent 前项antenna 天线antenna aperture 天线孔径antenna array 天线阵antenna circuit 天线电路antenna current 天线电流antenna efficiency 天线效率antenna element 天线元件antenna gain 天线增益antenna impedance 天线阻抗antenna resistance 天线电阻antenna tuning 天线党anthracene 蒽anti clockwise 反时针的anti corrosive 防锈剂;防锈的anti hyperon 反超子anti isomorphism 反同构性anti trade winds 反信风anti trades 反信风antibaryon 反重子antibonding electron 反键电子antibonding orbital 反键轨函数anticathode 对阴极anticoincidence 反符合anticoincidence analyzer舛符合分析器anticoincidence circuit反符合线路anticoincidence method反符合法anticommutation relation反对易关系anticommutative 反对易的anticyclogenesis 反气旋发生anticyclolysis 反气旋消散anticyclone 反气旋区域anticyclonic 反气旋的anticyclonic inversion 反气旋逆温antiderivative 不定积分antideuterium 反氘antideuteron 反氘核antiepicentre 震中对点antiferroelectrics 反铁电体antiferromagnet 反铁磁体antiferromagnetic domain 反铁磁畴antiferromagnetic resonance 反铁磁性共振antiferromagnetism 反铁磁性antiferromagnon 反铁磁振子antihadron 反强子antihydrogen 反氢antila 唧筒座antilepton 反轻子antilogarthm 反对数antimatter 反物质antimeson 反介子antimetrical circuit 相反电路antimonsoon 反季风antimony 锑antineutrino 反中微子antineutron 反中子antinomy 谬论antinucleon 反核子antiparallel 逆平行的antiparallelogram 等边梯形antiparticle 反粒子antiphase boundary 反相边界antipod 对映体antiproton 反质子antiproton atom 反质子原子antiproton beam 反质子束antiquark 反夸克antireflection coating透光镀膜;增透膜antiresonance *振antistokes line 反斯托克斯线antistokes raman laser反斯托克斯喇曼激光器antisymmetric 斜对称的antisymmetric tensor 斜对称张量;反对称张量antisymmetrical state 反对称态antisymmetry 反对称antithesis 反题antitrigonometricfunction 反三角函数antitriptic wind 减速风antitwilight 反曙暮光antiunitary operator 反幺正算符antlia 唧筒座antonoff rule 安托诺夫定则anvil 铁砧anvil cloud 砧状云anyon 任意子apastron 远星点aperiodic 非周期的aperiodic damping 非周期衰减aperiodic motion 非周期运动aperiodicity 非周期性aperture 口径aperture diaphragm 孔径光栏aperture ratio 口径比aperture stop 孔径光栏aperture synthesis 孔径综合法apex 顶apex angle 顶角apex of the sun 太阳向点aphakic eye 欠晶眼aphelion 远日点apical angle 顶角aplanat 消球差镜aplanatic 等光程的aplanatic lens 消球差镜aplanatic point 等光程点aplanatism 消球差性apochromat 复消色差镜apochromatic 复消色差的apochromatic lens 复消色差镜apodization 切趾法apogee 远地点apolar 非极性的apollo 阿波罗飞船apollo type asteroid 阿波罗型小行星apostilb 亚熙提apothem 垂幅apparatus 仪器装置apparent absorptioncoefficient 表观吸收系数apparent density 视在密度apparent diameter 视直径apparent force 表观力apparent horizon 可见地平apparent lifetime 表观寿命apparent magnitude 视星等apparent motion 视运动apparent noon 视午apparent orbit 视轨道apparent palce 视位apparent position 视位apparent solar day 真太阳日apparent solar time 真太阳时apparent structure 表观结构apparent sun 真太阳apparition 出现appearance potential 表观势appendix 附录application 应用applied 应用的applied acoustics 应用声学applied climatology 应用气候学applied elasticity 应用弹性理论applied mathematics 应用数学applied mechanics 应用力学applied meteorology 应用气象学applied optics 应用光学applied physics 应用物理学approach 接近approximability 可逼近性approximable 可逼近的approximate 近似的;使近似approximate caculation 近似计算approximate formula 近似公式approximate method 近似法approximate number 近似数approximate solution 近似解approximate value 近似值approximatintegration近似积分approximation 近似approximation calculus近似计算apsidal motion 拱线运动apus 天燕座apw method 增广平面波法aquarius 宝瓶座aqueous solution 水溶液aquila 天鹰座ara 天坛座arc 电弧arc discharge 电弧放电arc lamp 弧光灯arc line 弧光谱线arc spectrum 电弧光谱arc trigonometricfunction 反三角函数archimedes' principle 阿基米德原理architectural acoustics建筑声学arctic circle 北极圈ardometer 光学高温计areal velocity 面积速度areography 火星表面学areometer 比重计areometry 液体比重测定法areophysics 火星物理学argon 氩argon instability 氩不稳定性argon laser 氩激光器aries 白羊座arithmetic circuit 运算电路arm 边armature 电枢armature reaction 电枢反应array processor 排列信息处理装置arrester 避雷器arsenic 砷articulation 清晰度artificial daylight 人工昼光artificial ear 仿真耳artificial gravity 人造重力artificial hologram 人工全息图artificial illumination人造煦明artificial intelligence人工智能artificial isotope 人造同位素artificial light 人造光artificial lighting 人造煦明artificial lightning 人造电闪artificial line 仿真线路artificial magnet 人造磁铁artificial metal 人造金属artificial minisun 人造小太阳artificial nuclearreaction 人工核反应artificial nucleartransformation 人工核转化artificial radioactivity人工放射性artificial radionuclide人造放射性核素artificial rainfall 人造雨artificial satellite 人造卫星aser 量子放大器aspect ratio 展弦比aspheric lens 非球面透镜aspherics 非球面镜光学assembler 汇编程序assembler language 汇编程序语言associated quantum number 轨道量子数associated wave 缔合波association 结合associative detachment 结合性分离associative ionization 结合性电离assumption about the number of collisions 碰撞数的假定astatic 无定向的astatic galvanometer 无定向电疗astatine 砹asterism 星座asteroid 小行星asteroid belt 小行星带asthenosphere 岩力astigmatic difference 象散差astigmatic pencil 象散光束astigmatism 象散astigmatism correction 象散校正astigmometry 散光测定法aston's dark space 阿斯顿暗区astrionics 天文电子学astrobiology 天体生物学astroclimatology 天体气候学astrodynamic 天体动力学的astrodynamics 天体动力学astrogation 宇宙航行学astrogeodynamics 天文地球动力学astrogeophysics 天文地球物理学astrognosy 恒星学astrographic camera 天体照相机astrology 星占术astromagnetics 天体磁学astrometeorology 天体气象学astrometer 天体测量仪astrometric 天体测量的astrometry 天体测量学astron 阿斯特隆astronomical constant 天文常数astronomical maser 天文脉泽astronomical observatory天文台astronomical photography天体照相学astronomical photometry天体光度学astronomicalspectroscopy 天体光谱学astronomical telescope天文望远镜astronomical unit 天文单位astronomy 天文学astrophotography 天体照相学astrophysical 天体物理的astrophysical maser 天文脉泽astrophysical plasma 天体等离子体astrophysics 天体物理学astrorelativity 天体相对论astrospectroscope 天体分光镜astrospectroscopy 天体光谱学asymmetric 非对称的asymmetric top 非对称陀螺asymmetrical 非对称的asymmetry 非对称asymptotic expansion 渐近展开asymptotic field 渐近场asymptotic formula 渐近公式asymptotic freedom 渐近自由性asymptotic solution 渐近解asymptotic stability 渐近稳定性asymptotic theorem 渐近定理asynchronous 异步的asynchronous motor 感应电动机atiyah singer indextheorem 阿奇娅辛谔指数定理atmosphere 大气atmosphere absorption 大气吸收atmospheric acoustics 大气声学atmospheric attenuation大气衰减atmospheric circulation大气环流大气循环atmospheric discharge 大气放电atmospheric dispersion大气色散atmospheric disturbances大气扰动atmospheric electricity大气电atmospheric extinction大气消光atmospheric humidity 大气湿度atmospheric ion 大气离子atmospheric ozone 大气臭氧atmospheric ozone content 大气臭氧含量atmospheric phenomena 大气现象atmospheric pressure 气压atmospheric radiation 大气辐射atmospheric refraction 大气折射atmospheric science 大气科学atmospheric turbulence 大气湍流atmospheric waves 大气波atmospherics 天电atom 原子atom probe 原子探测器atomic absorption 原子吸收atomic absorption coefficient 原子吸收系数atomic battery 原子电池atomic beam 原子束atomic beam laser 原子束激光器atomic beam magnetic resonance 原子束磁共振atomic beam resonating method 原子束共振法atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic chart 原子量表atomic clock 原子钟atomic collision 原子碰撞atomic configuration 原子组态atomic constant 原子常数atomic core 原子芯atomic core polarization原子芯极化atomic disintegration 原子衰变atomic dispersion 原子弥散atomic electron shell 原子的电子壳层atomic energy 原子能atomic energy level 原子能级atomic fluorescenceanalysis 原子荧光分析atomic form factor 原子结构因数atomic frequencystandard 原子标准频率atomic fuel 核燃料atomic heat capacity 原子热容量atomic interspace 原子间空间atomic laser 原子激光器atomic lattice 原子点阵atomic layer epitaxy 原子层外延atomic magnetic moment原子磁矩atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序数atomic orbital 原子轨函数atomic permeability 原子磁导率atomic physics 原子物理学atomic polarization 原子极化atomic power 原子能atomic power plant 核电站atomic reaction 原子反应atomic refraction 原子折射atomic scattering factor原子散射因子atomic shell 原子的电子壳层atomic spectroscopy 原子光谱学atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic stopping power 原子阻止本领atomic structure 原子结构atomic structure factor原子结构因数atomic susceptibility 原子磁化率atomic symbol 原子符号atomic theory 原子论atomic time 原子时atomic unit 原子单位atomic volume 原子体积atomic weight 原子量atomic weight unit 原子量单位atomichran 原子钟atomicity 原子价atomistic 原子论的atomistics 原子论atomization 喷雾atomizing 喷雾attenuated totalinternal reflection 衰减全内反射attenuation 衰减attenuation constant 衰减常数attenuation distortion衰减畸变attenuation factor 衰减因数attenuation length 衰减长度attenuator 衰减器atto 渺attraction 引力attractive 有吸引力的attractive force 引力attribute 属性audibility 可闻性audibility factor 可闻度系数audibility threshold 听阈audible 可闻的audible signal 可闻信号audible sound 可闻音audio amplifier 音频放大器audio frequency 声频audio frequency amplifier 音频放大器audio frequency generator 声频发生器audiogram 声波图audiometer 听力计audiometry 测听术audioreproduction 声的再生audition 听觉auditory nerve 听觉神经auger effect 俄歇效应auger electron 俄歇电子auger electron emission 俄歇电子发射auger electron spectroscopy 俄歇电子能谱学auger recombination 俄歇复合auger shower 广延空气簇射auger spectrum 俄歇光谱augmented plane wave method 增广平面波法aural 听觉的aural masking 听觉掩蔽aural range 可闻带aureole 日晕auriga 御夫座aurora 极光aurora australis 南极光aurora borealis 北极光aurora polaris 极光auroral line 极光线auroral zone 极光带austausch coefficient 交换系数austenite 奥氏体auto photoelectriceffect 自生光电效应autocatalytic reaction自催化反应autochrome plate 彩色摄影胶片autocollimation 自准直autocollimation camera自准直摄影机autocorrelation 自相关autocorrelation function自相关函数autocorrelator 自动相关器autodyne 自拍autoelectronic 自动电子的autoelectronic emission场致发射autogyro 旋翼飞机autoionization 自电离automat 自动机automatic control 自动控制automatic control system自动控制系统automatic control theory自动控制理论automatic diffractometer自动衍射仪automatic focusing 自动聚焦automatic frequencycontrol 自动频率控制automatic powderdiffractometer 自动粉末衍射仪automatic regulator 自动第器automatic tuning 自动党automation 自动化automaton 自动机autopilot 自动驾驶仪autoradiography 放射自显影法autotransformer 自耦变压器autumnal equinox 秋分auxiliary equipment ofnuclear power plant 原子能发电站辅助设备auxiliary quantum number辅量子数available energy 有效能available head 有效落差available heat 有效热avalanche 雪崩avalanche diode 雪崩二极管avalanche laser 雪崩式激光器avalanche ofdislocations 位错崩avalanche photodiode 雪崩光二极管avalanche transistor 雪崩三极管average 平均;平均的average error 平均误差average speed 平场速度average time 平均时间average value 平均值avf cyclotron avf 回旋加速器avogadro's number 阿伏加德罗数avrami's equation 阿夫拉米公式axial angle 轴角axial current 轴向流axial flow 轴向流axial flow pump 轴撩axial force 轴向力axial magnification 轴向放大率axial mode 轴向波型axial pressure 轴向压力axial ratio 轴率axial rays 近轴光线axial stress 轴向应力axial symmetry 轴对称axial vector 轴矢量axial vector current 轴矢流axial vector interaction 轴矢量相互酌axially symmetric flow 轴对称怜axino 轴微子axiom 公理axiomatic field theory 公理化场论axiomatic method 公理法axion 轴子axis 轴axis of collimation 视准轴axis of lens 透镜轴axis of projection 射影轴axis of revolution 回转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of rotatory inversion 旋转反演轴axis of rotatory reflection 旋转反射轴axis of symmetry 对称轴axoid 轴面azbel kaner effect 阿兹贝尔卡纳效应azbel kaner resonance 阿兹贝尔卡纳效应azimuth 方位角azimuth polarimeter 偏振计azimuth rotator 方位旋转子azimuthal mounting 地平经装置azimuthal quantum number角量子数azure 绀青物理专业英语词汇(A)1/8 fluctuation 1/8 起伏1/f noise 1/f 噪声1/n expansion 1/n 展开3k cosmic blackbodyradiation 3k 宇宙黑体辐射4 counter 4 计数器a battery a电池组a posteriori probability后验概率a priori probability 先验概率a15 structure a15 结构abbe coefficient 阿贝数abbe invariant 阿贝不变量abbe number 阿贝数abbe prism 阿贝棱镜abbe refractometer 阿贝折射计abbe sine condition 阿贝正弦条件abel theorem 阿贝尔定理abelian group 可换群abelian integral 阿贝尔积分aberage life 平均寿命aberration 象差aberration constant 光行差常数aberration of light 光行差aberrational ellipse 光行差椭圆ablation 烧蚀abm state abm 态abnormal 反常的abnormal cathode fall 反常阴极势降abnormal crystallization异常晶化abnormal dispersion 异常色散abnormal glow 反常辉光放电abnormal grain growth 反常晶粒生长abnormal liquid 反常液体abnormal reflection 异常反射abnormal series 反常系abrasion 磨损abrasion test 磨损试验abrasives 研磨材料abrikosov's structure offlux lines 阿布里科蓑磁通线结构absence of gravity 失重absolute 绝对的absolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute angularmomentum 绝对角动量absolute atomic weight原子的绝对重量absolute black body 绝对黑体absolute configuration绝对组态absolute counting 绝对计数absolute electrometer 绝对静电计absolute electrostatic system 绝对静电制absolute error 绝对误差absolute geopotential 绝对位势absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute magnitude 绝对星等absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute motion 绝对运动absolute ohm 绝对欧姆absolute orbit 绝对轨道absolute permeability 绝对磁导率absolute permittivity 绝对电容率absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute rest 绝对静止absolute rest frame 绝对静止系absolute rotation 绝对转动absolute scale 绝对度标absolute space 绝对空间absolute stability 绝对稳定absolute system of units 绝对单位制absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute thermometer 绝对温度表absolute time 绝对时空间absolute topography 绝对形势absolute unit 绝对单位absolute vacuum gage 绝对真空计absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute vorticity 绝对涡度absolute weight 绝对重量absolute zero 绝对零度absolute zero point 绝对零度absorb 吸收absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbent 吸收剂absorber 吸收体absorbing medium 吸收媒质absorptiometer 吸收计absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption coefficient吸收系数absorption cross section吸收截面absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption edge 吸收端absorption equilibrium吸收平衡absorption factor 吸收因子absorption filter 吸收滤光器absorption hygrometer 吸收湿度表absorption index 吸收指数absorption jump 吸收跃迁absorption limit 吸收端absorption line 吸收线absorption method 吸收法absorption model 吸收模型absorption of sound 声的吸收absorption spectrometer吸收光谱仪absorption spectroscopy吸收光谱学absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption test 吸收试验absorptive 吸收的absorptive power 吸收本领absorptivity 吸收本领abstract algebra 抽象代数abstract group 抽象群abstract space 抽象空间abstraction 抽象abundance of elements 元素的丰度ac bias 交莲压ac circuit 交羚路ac galvanometer 交羚疗ac voltage 交羚压accelerated motion 加速运动accelerating chamber 加速室accelerating electrode加速电极accelerating field 加速场accelerating gap 加速隙缝accelerating period 加速周期accelerating slit 加速隙缝accelerating tube 加速管accelerating voltage 加速电压acceleration 加速度acceleration cavity 加速共振腔acceleration gap 加速隙acceleration of gravity 重力加速度accelerator 加速器accelerometer 加速计acceptance 肯定acceptor 受主acceptor center 受中心acceptor impurity 受钟质acceptor level 受周级access 选取access speed 选取速度access time 选取时间accessibility 可达性accessible point 可达点accessories 附件accidental coincidence 偶然符合accidental degeneracy 偶然退化accidental error 偶然误差accidental reflection 偶然反射acclimation 气候驯化acclimatization 气候驯化acclimazation 气候驯化accommodation 第accommodationcoefficient 适应系数accommodation of the eye 眼的第accord 和音accreting black hole model 吸积黑洞模型accretion 吸积accretion disk 吸积盘accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulated error 累积误差accumulated temperature 积温accumulation 蓄集accumulation layer 累积层accumulation point 聚点accumulation ring 累积环accumulator 二次电池accuracy 准确度accuracy grade 准确度accuracy of measurement测量精确度accuracy of readings 读数准确度accuracy rating 准确度acetone 丙酮achondrite 无球粒陨石achromat 消色差透镜achromatic 消色的achromatic color 无彩色achromatic condition 消色差achromatic lens 消色差透镜achromatic prism 消色差棱镜achromatic quarter waveprism 四分之一波长消色棱镜achromatic sensation 无色感觉achromatic stimulus 无色剌激achromatism 消色差acid 酸acnod 孤点acoumeter 测听计acount 计算acoustic 声的acoustic absorptioncoefficient 吸声系数acoustic absorptivity 吸声系数acoustic admittance 声导纳acoustic analysis 声分析acoustic conductivity 声导率acoustic diffraction 声衍射acoustic dispersion 声弥散acoustic disturbance 声扰动acoustic electron spinresonance 声电子自旋共振acoustic emission 声发射acoustic far field 远程声场acoustic field 声场acoustic filter 滤声器acoustic fraunhoferfield 夫琅和费声场acoustic frequency 音频acoustic fresnel field非涅耳声场acoustic gravity wave 声力波acoustic image 声象acoustic impedance 声阻抗acoustic instrument 声学仪器acoustic interferometer声波干涉计acoustic lens 声透镜acoustic line 声传输线acoustic load 声负载acoustic material 吸音材料acoustic measurement 声学量度acoustic microscope 超声显微镜acoustic mode 声学模acoustic near field 近程声场acoustic nuclearmagnetic resonance 声核磁共振acoustic ohm 声欧姆acoustic paramagnetic resonance 声顺磁共振acoustic power 声功率acoustic pressure 声压acoustic radiator 声辐射体acoustic reactance 声抗acoustic resistance 声阻acoustic resonance 声共振acoustic resonator 声共振器acoustic shadow 声影acoustic signal 声信号acoustic sounding 声学探测acoustic streaming 声风acoustic transducer 声能转换器acoustic transformer 声变换器acoustic velocity 声速acoustic wave 声波acoustic wind 声风acoustical 声的acoustical holography 声全息学acoustical spectroscopy 声谱学acoustically induced birefringence 声诱发双折射acoustics 声学acoustimeter 声强计acoustodynamic 声动力学的acoustoelectric amplification 声电放大acoustoelectric effect 声电效应acoustoelectron interaction 声电子相互酌acoustoelectronics 声电子学acoustomagnetoelectriceffect 声磁电效应acoustooptic effect 光声效应acoustooptical 声光的acoustooptical modulator声光灯器acoustooptical q switch声光 q 开关acoustoopticalradiospectrometer 声光射电光谱仪acoustooptics 声光学acre 英亩acrobatic metal 特技的金属acryl resin 丙烯酸尸actinic 有光化性的actinic photometer 光化光度计actinic rays 光化射线actinic value of light 光化度actinides 锕系actinism 光化酌actinium 锕actinium emanation 锕射气actinium series 锕系actinograph 日射仪actinoid nuclei 锕系元素核actinometer 日射表actinometry 辐射测量;光能强度测定actinomorphy 辐射对称性actinon 锕射气action 酌action at a distance 超距酌action centre of theatmosphere 大气活动中心action integral 酌积分action principle 酌原理action spectrum 酌谱action through medium 媒递酌action variable 酌变量activated 激化了的activated adsorption 活性吸附activated atom 激活原子activated molecule 激活分子activating agent 活化剂activation 活化activation analysis 放射化分析activation cross section放射化截面activation energy 激活能activation method 激活法activator 活化剂active 活性的active carbon 活性炭active current 有效电流active front 活跃锋active galactic nucleus活动星系核active galaxy 活动星系active hydrogen 活性氢active laser element 激活激光元件active laserspectroscopy 活性激光光谱学active laser substance激活物质active lattice 放射性栅格active locking 受迫模同步active material 放射材料active network 有源网络active oxygen 活性氧active power 有效功率active product 放射性产物active prominence 活动日珥active q switching 激活q 开关active sun 活动太阳active volcano 活火山activity 放射性activity coefficient 活度系数activity unit 放射性单位actual 真实的actual load 有效的acumulative temperature 积温acute 尖锐acute angle 锐角acute angled 锐角的acute angled triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle 锐角三角形acuteness 锐度acyclic 非循环的ada ada 语言adamantine luster 金刚光泽adaptability 适应性adaptation 适应adaptive antenna 自适应天线adaptive optics 自适应光学adaptometer 适应测量计adatom 吸附原子add 加add circuit 加法电路addend 加数adder 加法器adding element 求和器addition 加法additional 加法的additional code 补码additional heating 附加加热additional mass 附加质量additive 加法的additive group 加法群additive method 加色法additive property 加和性additive theory ofnumbers 加性数论additivity 加和性address 地址address part 地址部分address register 地址寄存器adenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷adequate 适合的adhere 粘着adherence 附着adhesion 附着adhesive force 附着力adhesives 粘接剂adiabat 绝热线adiabatic 绝热的adiabatic approximation绝热近似adiabatic atmosphere 绝热大气adiabatic calorimeter 绝热式量热器adiabatic change 绝热变化adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adiabatic curve 绝热线adiabaticdemagnetization 绝热退磁adiabatic equilibrium 绝热平衡adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic exponent 绝热指数adiabatic free expansion绝热自由膨胀adiabatic heating 绝热增温adiabatic hypothesis 绝热假说adiabatic index 绝热指数adiabatic invariant 绝热不变量adiabatic lapse rate 绝热温度梯度adiabatic magneticsusceptibility 绝热磁化率adiabatic nucleardemagnetization 绝热核去磁adiabatic potentialcurve 绝热势能曲线adiabatic potentialsurface 绝热位势面adiabatic principle 浸渐原理adiabatic process 绝热过程adiabatic pulsations 绝热脉动adiabatic temperaturegradient 绝热温度梯度adiabatic theorem 绝热定理adiabaticity 绝热性adiabatics 绝热线adjacent angles 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint differentialequation 伴随微分方程adjoint operator 伴随算符adjoint system 伴随系。
SAT2物理词汇汇总为了帮助大家顺利通过SAT2物理考试，下面三立小编为你带来SAT2物理词汇汇总一文，希望对你有所帮助，更多资讯请访问三立在线教育，专业老师为你在线解答相关疑问。
absorptivity 吸收率accelerated motion 加速运动acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration 加速度accidental error 偶然误差acoustics 声学acting force 作用力Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's law 安培定律amperemeter 安培计amplitude 振幅angular acceleration 角加速度angular displacement 角位移applied physics 应用物理学Archimedes principle 阿基米德原理area 面积argumentation 论证atom 原子Atwood ' s machine 阿特伍德机average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律balance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压计basic units 基本单位battery charger 电池充电器battery,accumulator 蓄电池battery 电池组beam 光束boiling 沸腾bounce 反弹bound charge 束缚电荷bound electron 束缚电子centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力chain reaction 链式反应charged body 带电体charged particle 带电粒子charge 充电circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射circular motion 圆周运动classical mechanics 经典力学classical physics 经典物理学cloud chamber 云室convergent lens 会聚透镜convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸面镜coordinate system 坐标系coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力corpuscular property 粒子性Corpuscular theory 微粒说Coulomb force 库仑力coulomb 库仑Coulomb's law 库仑定律damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹聂耳电池data processing 数据处理data 数据Decay 衰变definition of ampere 安培的定义defocusing 散集density 密度derived quantity 导出量direct current, DC 直流direct impact 正碰direct measurement 直接测量discharge 放电disorder 无序dispersion 色散displacement 位移divergent lens 发散透镜electric flux 电通量electric leakage 漏电electric neutrality 电中性electric potential 电位，电势electric potential difference 电位差，电势差electric potential energy电位能electric power 电功率electric quantity 电量electrification 起电electrified body 带电体electrode 电极electrolysis 电解Electrolyte 电解质electrostatic screening 静电屏蔽elementary charge 基本电荷，元电荷energy 能量energy level 能级equilibrium 平衡equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium position 平衡位置Equilibrium state 平衡态eyepiece 目镜far sight 远视Faraday cylinder 法拉第圆筒Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday's law of electromagnetic induct 法拉第电磁感应定律farad 法拉(电容的单位)film interference 薄膜干涉Final velocity 末速度first cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度fission 裂变fixed-axis rotation 定轴转动flotation balance 浮力秤fluid 流体focal length 焦距focusing 调焦，聚焦focus 焦点force 力freezing point 凝固点frequency 频率friction force 摩擦力fusion 聚变gravity 重力gravitational potential energy 重力势能gravity field 重力场以上相关信息由三立在线为你提供，希望阅读完以上文章后，你能有所收获，对学习有一定的帮助，更多资讯请访问三立在线，专业老师为你指导讲解相关疑惑，为你的考试之路保驾护航。
阿基米德定律（Archimedes law）是物理学中力学的一条基本原理。
浸在液体（或气体）里的物体受到向上的浮力作用，浮力的大小等于被该物体排开的液体的重力（“Any object placed in a fluid displacesits w eight;an immersed object displaces its volume.”）。
其公式可记为F浮=G排=ρ液·g·V排液。
浸在静止流体中的物体受到流体作用的合力大小等于物体排开的流体的重力。
这个合力称为浮力。
这就是著名的“阿基米德定律”(Archimedes)，又称阿基米德原理[1]，浮力原理。
该定理是公元前200年以前古希腊学者阿基米德(Archimedes, 287-212 BC)所发现的。
浮力的大小可用下式计算：F浮=ρ液（气）gV排。
公式数学表达式：F浮=G排=ρ液（气）·g·V排。
单位:F浮———牛顿,ρ液（气）——kg/m³;,g——N/kg,V排———m³;.浮力的有关因素：浮力只与ρ液，V排有关,与ρ物(G物),深度无关，与V物无直接关系。
当物体完全浸没在液体或气体时，V排=V物；但物体只有一部分浸入液体时，则V排<V 物。
适用范围范围：液体,气体.根据浮力产生原因——上表下表面的压力差:p=ρ液gh1,=ρ液（气）gh2=ρ液g(h1+l).F浮=F向上-F向下=pl2-l2=ρ液g[h1-(h1+l)]l2=ρ液·g·V排。
例题[例1]有一个合金块质量10kg，全部浸没在水中时，需用80N的力才能拉住它，求：此时合金块受到的浮力多大？[分析]根据G=mg可得出金属块重力，浮力大小是重力与拉力的差。
[解答]G=mg=10kg×9.8N/kg=98NF浮=G-F拉=98N-80N=18N答：金属块受到的浮力是18N。
阿基米德原理测物体浮力大小的仪器摘要：1.阿基米德原理简介2.阿基米德原理测量浮力的原理3.阿基米德原理测量浮力的仪器4.阿基米德原理测量浮力的实例5.阿基米德原理测量浮力的意义正文：【阿基米德原理简介】阿基米德原理（Archimedes" principle），又称阿基米德浮力定律，是古希腊数学家、物理学家阿基米德（Archimedes）于公元前3 世纪发现的物理定律。
该定律主要描述了物体在液体中受到浮力的大小与物体排开液体的重力相等，方向相反。
这一原理为研究和计算物体在液体中的浮力提供了理论基础。
【阿基米德原理测量浮力的原理】阿基米德原理测量浮力的原理是基于密度的概念。
当一个物体完全或部分浸没在液体中时，物体所受到的浮力等于物体排开液体的重力。
根据物体排开液体的体积和液体的密度，可以计算出物体所受到的浮力大小。
【阿基米德原理测量浮力的仪器】测量浮力的仪器有很多种，其中最常用的是浮标。
浮标是一种可以漂浮在液体表面的物体，其设计通常使其在水中受到的浮力等于其重力，从而保持在水面上。
通过测量浮标在水中的位置，可以推算出物体所受到的浮力大小。
【阿基米德原理测量浮力的实例】一个经典的阿基米德原理测量浮力的实例是浮力秤。
浮力秤是一种可以测量物体质量的仪器，其原理是利用物体在液体中受到的浮力与其质量成正比。
通过测量物体在液体中的浮力，可以计算出物体的质量。
【阿基米德原理测量浮力的意义】阿基米德原理测量浮力在实际应用中具有重要意义。
在建筑、航海、石油开采等领域，了解物体在液体中的浮力对于设计、施工和安全至关重要。
此外，阿基米德原理也为研究物体在液体中的运动规律、流体力学等领域提供了基本理论。
综上所述，阿基米德原理作为测量物体浮力大小的基本原理，在科学研究和实际应用中具有重要意义。
关于阿基米德的简介英文阿基米德简介Archimedes (287 BC - 212 BC), the founder of the great ancient Greek philosopher, Wikipedia scientist, mathematician, physicist, mechanist, static mechanics and hydrostatic mechanics, and enjoyed " The father of mechanics, "the reputation of Archimedes and Gauss, Newton tied for the world's three mathematicians. Archimedes once said, "Give me a fulcrum and I can pry the whole earth."Archimedes established the basic principles of static and hydrostatic mechanics. Giving a number of ways to find the center of gravity of the geometric figure, including the center of gravity of a pattern surrounded by a parabola and its net parallel lines. Archimedes proves that the buoyancy of the object in the liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it drains, and this result is called the Archimedes principle. He also gives a positive parabolic rotating body floating in the liquid balance and stability criteria. Archimedes invented the mechanical water diversion with water, can affect the full load of the lever pulley machinery, can explain the eclipse, eclipse phenomenon of the Earth - the moon - the sun running model. But he believes that mechanical invention than pure mathematics low, andtherefore did not write this work. Archimedes also uses constant segmentation to find the volume of the ellipsoid, rotating paraboloid, etc. This method already has the embryonic form of integral calculation.阿基米德人物生平People bornIn 287 BC Archimedes was born in a small village near Syracuse, Sicily, who was born in the nobility and had a relationship with the King Hieron of Syracuse. The family was very rich. Archimedes' father is an astronomer and mathematician, knowledgeable and humble. Archimedes means the great thinker, Archimedes influenced by the family, from an early age on mathematics, astronomy, especially the ancient Greek geography had a strong interest.At the time of the birth of Archimedes, the splendid culture of ancient Greece was gradually declining, and the economic and cultural center gradually moved to Alexandria in Egypt; but on the other hand, the emerging Roman republic on the Italian peninsula was constantly expanding its forces; North Africa also has a new national Carthage rise. Archimedes is growing in the era of this new and old forces, and Syria ancient city has become a lot of forces fighting place.Study experienceIn 267 BC, when Archimedes was eleven years old, Archimedes was sent by his father to Alexandria, Egypt, to follow Euglian's students, Elatase and Cannon. Alexander City is located in the mouth of the Nile, was the world's knowledge, cultural and trade center, scholars gathered, talent pool, was the world as "wisdom of the capital." The study of literature, mathematics, astronomy and medicine is very developed.Archimedes in Alexandria followed many famous mathematicians to study, including the famous geometric master - Euclid, Archimedes studied and lived here for many years, he eclectic and the ancient and ancient Greek culture Heritage, the subsequent scientific career has made a significant impact, laid the foundation of Archimedes in the future of scientific research.Defend the motherlandIn 218 BC the Roman Empire and the North African Carthaginian Empire broke out in the second Punic War. Sullivan in Sicily has always been to trust in Rome, but in 216 BC Carthage defeated the Roman army, Syracuse's new king (Haiwei Long II's grandson successor), immediately see the rudder and Carthage alliance , The Roman Empire then sent General Marcella led the sea from the sea and land at the same time attack Syria ancient.Syria and the Roman Empire between the war, is the age of Archimedes, the Roman army's highest commander Marcella led the Roman army surrounded the city he lived, also occupied the harbor. Archimedes did not agree to war, but had to do their duty to defend their own country. Archimedes saw the land of critical, protect the country's sense of responsibility to make him up against the enemy, so Archimedes brains, day and night invented the enemy weapons.● catapult and cra neArchimedes used a leveraged principle to create a rubble called a stone crossbow, a large boulder to the Roman army warships, or use the transmitter to the spear and stone to the Roman soldiers, all close to the wall of the enemy , Can not escape his flying stone or javelin ... ... Archimedes also invented a variety of weapons, to block the progress of the Roman army. According to some later records, when he made a huge crane, the enemy's warships can be suspended in the air, and then fell heavily to make the warships in the water crushed.● Mirror condenserOne day Syria ancient city was attacked by the Roman army, and Syria ancient city of young adults and soldiers went to the front line, the city only left the elderly, womenand children, at a critical moment. At this time, Archimedes came out for their own country.Archimedes let the women and the children each come out of their own mirrors to come to the coast, let the mirror reflect the strong sunshine to the enemy's main sail, the reflection of the thousands of mirrors gathered in the sail At one point, the sails burned up, the fire taking advantage of the wind, the more burning the more prosperous, the Romans do not know the details, that Archimedes and invented a new weapon. He fled and fled.These weapons get the Roman army panic, everyone is afraid, even the general Marcelas are laughing admitted: "This is a Roman fleet and Archimedes one war", "Archimedes is myth of the hundred Hand giant ".The death of a great manIn 212 BC, the ancient Roman army invaded Syracuse, Archimedes was killed by Roman soldiers, at the age of seventy five years old. Archimedes' remains were buried in Sicily, and the tombstone was carved with a cylinder of the ball to commemorate his outstanding contribution to geometry.Verse 1: The Roman soldiers broke into the residence of Archimedes and saw an old man digging on the ground for geometric figures. Archimedes told the soldiers that you would wait to kill me, and I could not leave the world withan incomplete formula He did not wait for him to finish, and the soldier killed him. He died with regret.Verse 2: A Roman soldier suddenly appeared before him, ordered him to go to Marcella, was rejected by Archimedes, and Archimedes died under the sword of the soldier.Version 3: Archimedes sat next to the incomplete stone wall, drawing a geometric figure on the sand. A Roman soldier ordered Archimedes to leave, and he made a gesture arrogantly, "Do not break my circle!" The Roman soldiers were furious and immediately threw the old scientist with a knife Archimedes.Version 4: Roman soldiers broke into the residence of Archimedes and saw an old man drawing the geometric problems on the ground of his own house. Archimedes said, "Go away, do not move my picture!" Very angry, then pull out the knife, toward the Archimedes who stabbed.No matter how the death of Archimedes, the most regrettable is that the Roman army commander Marcella, Marcelas will kill Archimedes soldiers as murderers to be executed, he for the Akmami Germany held a grand funeral, and built a mausoleum for Archimedes, in the tombstone according to Archimedes's last wish, engraved with the "cylindrical ball" this geometric graphics.阿基米德个人成就Buoyancy principleThe principle of buoyancy is that the buoyancy obtained by the object in the liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it discharges, that is, F = G (where F is the buoyancy of the object and G is the gravity of the liquid discharged from the object). This type of deformation can be obtained (where ρ is the dis charge of liquid density, g for the local gravity acceleration, V for the discharge of liquid volume) Legend of Syracuse Nang Wang for craftsmen for him to do a gold crown. But after doing well, the king suspected of the craftsmen to do the Golden Delicious is not pure gold, craftsmen privately swallowed the gold, but can not destroy the crown, and this golden crown and the original gold hand to the gold as heavy. The problem stumped the king and the ministers. As a minister suggested, the king invited Archimedes to test the crown.At first Archimedes did nothing to the problem. One day he took a bath at home, and when he sat into the tub, he saw the water spilled, and suddenly thought that the size of the golden crown could be determined by measuring the displacement of the solid in the water. He jumped out of the bath with excitement, and even the clothes were reluctant to wear and ran out, shouting "Eureka! Eureka!" (Ερηκα, meaning "found".)After a further experiment, he came to the palace, he put the crown and the same weight of pure gold on the two pots filled with water, compared the two pots of overflowing water, found to put the crown of the basin overflow Water is more than another pot. This shows that the crown of the volume of the same weight than the weight of pure gold, the density is not the same, so that the crown mixed with other metals.The significance of this test is far greater than the detection of goldsmiths to deceive the king, Archimedes found buoyancy law (Archimedes principle): objects in the liquid obtained buoyancy, equal to the weight of its discharge of liquid. (That is, the well-known drainage method)Lever principleLever principle: to meet the following three points of the system, basically is the lever: fulcrum, force point, force point. Leverage principle is also called "leverage balance": to balance the lever, the two forces acting on the lever (the product of the force and arm) must be equal. That is: power × power arm = resistance × resistance arm, with the formula can be expressed as: Haiwei Long Wang and encountered a difficult problem: the king for the Egyptian Ptolemy king made a ship, because too too heavy, the ship Can not put into the sea, the king said to Archimedes: "You eventhe earth are lifted up, put a boat into the sea should be no problem? Archimedes called craftsmen around the ship installed a set of Beautifully designed tackle and leverer. Archimedes called more than 100 people in front of the ship, grabbed a rope, he let the king affect a rope, the ship actually slowly slipped into the sea. King unusually happy, publicly announced: From now on, I ask everyone, whatever Archimedes say, trust him!Mechanical applicationArchimedes for mechanical research from his time in Alexandria school day, one day Archimedes in the long drought on the Nile side of the walk, see the farmers pouring water quite hard, after thinking he invented a The use of spiral in the water pipe in the rotation of the water to suck up the tools, later people call it "Archimedes spiral water extractor." Egypt has been up to two thousand years after the modern, and some people use this device. This tool became the ancestor of the later propeller.Archimedes attaches great importance to the test, life design, manufacture a lot of equipment and machinery, it is worth mentioning that there are weight pulley, irrigation machine, water machine and military use of rubble and so on.At the time of Europe, in the engineering and daily life, often use some simple machinery, such as: screws, tackles,levers, gears, etc., Archimedes spent a lot of time to study, found the "lever principle" and "torque" Concept, for the regular use of tools to create machinery in the Archimedes, the theory applied to the actual life is easy. Archimedes is likely to be the most thorough understanding of the principles and the use of machinery in the world at that time.Archimedes and Athens scientists have a distinct difference, that is, he attaches importance to the rigor of science, accuracy, requirements for each question are accurate and logical proof; also attaches great importance to the practical application of scientific knowledge.Master of MathematicsArchimedes also has a very brilliant achievement in mathematics, especially in geography.Archimedes 'mathematical thought contains calculus, Archimedes' "methodology" has been "very close to modern calculus", there are mathematical "infinite" advanced research, throughout the whole story is how Mathematical model for physical application.What he lacks is that there is no limit concept, but its thought is extended to the 17th century mature mature infinite analysis of the field, to inform the birth of calculus.Archimedes made Euclid's idea of approaching ideas. He uses the "approximation method" to calculate the sphere area, the volume of the ball, the parabola, the elliptical area, the later mathematicians based on this "approach" to develop into modern "calculus". Archimedes also use the rounded method to obtain the value of π between 3.14163 and 3.14286.In addition, he calculated that the surface area of the ball is four times the area of the largest circular area, and the volume of the cylindrical sphere is two thirds of the volume of the cylinder. The theorem is engraved on his tombstone.Archimedes studied the nature of the spiral curve, the current "Archimedes spiral" curve, is to commemorate him named. In addition, he in the "sand count" a book, he created a set of large numbers of methods, simplifying the way of counting.Archimedes' geometric work is the culmination of Greek mathematics. He combined Euclid's strict reasoning with Plato's rich imagination and harmony, reaching the realm of perfection, so that it would be done by Kepler, Cavalieri, Fermat, Newton, Leibniz and others continue to cultivate the calculus is becoming more perfect. "Astronomical researchArchimedes developed a cross angle instrument for astronomical measurements and made an instrument for measuring the sun's direction to the earth.Archimedes also used hydraulic production of a planetarium, the ball on the day, month, stars, five planets. According to records, the planetarium not only run accurate, even when the lunar eclipse, solar eclipse can be predicted.Archimedes also believes that the earth may be round. In his later years Archimedes began to doubt the doctrine of the Earth Center and speculated that the earth could turn around the sun, and this conjecture was raised until the Copernican era.。
