Unit1：IV1.Perhaps it would go away, deprived of her attention.Mother meant to deliberately overlook whatever she did not like and could not change.2.School let out in June to the end of July.From June to the end of July school closed for the summer vacation.3.I spent the afternoon squinting up at monuments to freedom and past presidencies anddemocracy.Literarily, the writer was unable to open wide her eyes due to the dazzling sunlight as well as her eyes defect. Figuratively, the freedom, equality and democracy all American citizens were allegedly entitled to were simply distorted images in the author’s eyes.4.Mother was bright and father was brown, the three of us girls step-standards inbetween.Mother was bright and father brown, and the three of us girls represented gradations from bright to brown.5.Indoors, the soda fountain was dim and fan-cooled, deliciously relieving to my scorchedeyes.Inside the Breyer’s, the soda fountain was so dim and the air so cool that the pain of my eyes was wonderfully lessened.6.No one would answer my emphatic questions with anything other than a guilty silence.My forcefully question got no response from my family; they remained silent as if they had done something wrong and shameful walking into Breyer’s.7.My fury was not going to be acknowledged by like fury:My anger was not going to be noticed or sympathized with by my family members who were similarly angry, though.Unit 2IV1.instead of…sneaking out to the empty lot to hunt ghosts and animal bones, my brotherand I had to go to Chinese school.My brother and I were unable to walk out quietly and secretly, like other children, to the open field to play kid’s games, for we were forced to go to Chinese school.2.No amount of kicking, screaming, or pleading could dissuade my mother.Our kicking, screaming and pleading could not in the least make our mother change her mind about sending us to Chinese school.3.Forcibly, she walked us the 7 long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing ourdefiant tearful faces before the stern principal.She dragged us by force all the way from our home to school, a long hilly distance of 7 blocks, finally leaving us, hostile and tearful, in front of the severe headmaster.4.In Chinatown, the comings and goings of hundreds of Chinese on their daily taskssounded chaotic and frenzied.In Chinatown, large crowds of Chinese were coming and going with their routine responsibilities in a disorderly, overexcited way.5.He was especially hard on my mother.He was fastidiously particular about my mother’s English.6.I finally was granted a cultural divorce.Ultimately I was permitted to stop learning Chinese culture.7.At last, I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them. Sadly, I still am.Finally I assumed that I was one of the Americans and that I was not one of the Chinese.Unfortunately, I am, as a matter of fact, still Chinese.Unit3:IV1.We were waiting outside the condemned cells.We were waiting outside the cells, where prisoners under the death sentence were jailed.2.The rest of us, magistrates and the like, followed behind.We, government officials and inspectors, walked behind the warders and the prisoner.3.I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting life short when it is in full tide.I found the inexplicable injustice that was being done in putting to an end a prisoner’s life,which is still in its prime.4.In two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be gone.The prisoner, who belonged to us now, would be promptly put to death.5.One felt an impulse to sing, to break into a run, to snigger.People had a strong desire to sing, to run and to snigger(after the hanging was over).6.You will scarcely credit that it took six warders to dislodge him.You can hardly believe that it took as many as six warders to remove him from the cage bars. Unit 4IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.I was just a girl with little direction, more drawn to words and made-up stories than toformulas and lab experiments.I was then a young girl without a clear idea of what to do in the future; but I was keener onliterature than on natural science.2.I think I admired that photo so much, not because of Marie Curie and what she stoodfor but because she seemed so exotic.I think the reason why I enjoyed looking at the photo was not because Marie Curie herselfwas in the photo, nor because she represented a great woman, but because her imageappealed to me.3.Marie Curie’s own daughters grew into accomplished women in their own right.Marie Curie's own daughters distinguished themselves in their respective field due to their own efforts and competence.4.She wound up falling in love with Casimir Zorawski.Finally she fell in love with Casimir Zorawski.5.She was beneath his station, poor, a common nursemaid.She, a poor, common nursemaid, was much lower in social status than her young master.6.The reality was a lot grittier—and a lot less romantic.The reality was much harder, not as romantic as shown in the 1943 film Madame Curie.7.They were the toast of the European scientific community, feted lavishly and visited athome in Paris by acolytes to pay homage.They were highly respected in the European scientific community, entertainedexuberantly and visited by acolytes to show their reverence to the Curies at home inParis.8.The metamorphosis was less simple, more serious. A cape of solitude and secrecy fellupon her shoulders forever.The changes in Madame Curie brought about by the loss of her husband were much more profound than the simple change from a happy young wife to an inconsolable widow. The shadow of loneliness and introversion hung over her for the rest of her life.9.The Marie Curie that I discovered was no icon but a flesh-and-blood woman.The Madame Curie I discovered was not an image of a holy saint, but a woman existing in real life.Unit 5VI1.Different men often see the same objects in different lights.The same object may be observed and judged from different perspectives by different people.2.This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment tothis country.No time should be wasted on ceremonial procedures because the house, at present, is encountering an extremely crucial problem for the nation.3.We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren tillshe transforms us into beasts.We tend to close our eyes when facing a painful truth, and be intoxicated by the song of the sea nymph that will eventually turn us into animals.4.For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I’m willing to know the whole truth;to know the worst and to provide for it.As for me, I’m willing to know the whole truth and be prepared for the worst that might happen, no matter how much pain I may endure.5.The insidious smile will prove a snare to your feet.The cunning smile, with which the British recently received our petition, will be a trap for you to fall into.6.These are the implements of war and subjugation—the last arguments to which kingsresort.These are the tools for war and suppression, the last means kings will turn to when all arguments fall flat.7.We have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition toarrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament.We have been humble and submissive in front of the British Kings, and have begged his Majesty to intervene（插手）and stop the cruelty and injustice of the British colonial ministry and Parliament(议会、国会).8.The battle is not to the strong alone; it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave.The victory of the battle is determined not just by strength, but by vigilance, activeness(积极性), and courage.9.It is in vain to extenuate the matter.It is useless to underestimate(低估) the severity（严重性）of the situation.Unit 6IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.The 1980 election… signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and socialattitudes were concerned.The 1980 election indicated that the country resolved to become more conservative in regard to political and social attitudes.2.Some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs.Social welfare assistance must be offered to the jobless.3.I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop.I am shocked to find that the problem is getting more and more serious.4.This dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States.The United States has now been knocked out by this terrible social problem -- failure to house its young people.5.For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting afailure that must be corrected.America must correct the problem that, a superpower as it is in the world, it is incapable of providing houses for its young people.Unit 7VI1.Did you get too bogged down in the details trying to come up with the “exactly right”answer?Did you get so tied up in these complex math figures that you were unable to give the “exactly right” answer?2.Did you zero in on the two most important problems… then hazard a guesstimate?Did you focus all your attention on the two most important problems, and then make an estimation which may not be exactly right?3.Your mistakes will frequently balance out.Your mistakes will often average out, i.e. the extremely high estimations and the extremely low estimations which you make will eventually become equal in amount, value, or effect. 4.The black being warmed most by the sun, was sunk so low as to be below the stroke ofsun’s rays.The black cloth absorbed the heat of the sun most. So, it sank so deep below that the sunrays could not reach it.Unit 81.The screams were so muffled, I could barely hear them.The screams were so faint and unclear that I could hardly hear them.2.My voice quieter and quieter as hers rose in crescendo.As my voice was getting quieter, hers grew gradually and continuously louder./ My voice became quieter and quieter as hers grew in volume.3.No matter how intimate one is with this illness, the primordial fear of madness lurks deep within.Everyone has deep inside an instinctive fear of madness however familiar with the illness he may be./However familiar one is with paranoid schizophrenia, the innate fear of madness stays hidden and deep in one's mind.4.She has no empathy with her own body.She doesn’t know how to take care of her own health as a normal person does.5.I will do the best I can with the worst I have to live with.I’ll do my utmost to deal with the unavoidable worst situations in my life./ I will do my utmost to cope with the worst I have to put up with.Unit91. Unlike traditional games and toys, "wired" entertainment encourages kids to be unimagin ative, socially immature, and crudely desensitized to the world around them.Compared with/Different from traditional games, electronic games have some obvious detrimental effects on children’s development: they tend to be lacking in imagination and social maturity, and indifferent to the real world around them.2. Hand a ball of Play-Doh to a child reared on the sterile adventure of video games, and you 're apt to get a blank look.If you hand a ball of Play-Doh to a child who is brought up in the world of uncreative and unyieldi ng video games/ who spends too much time on exciting but unproductive video games,you are like ly to find an expressionless look on his face.3. Maybe a hothead or two will stalk off the field.Possibly one or two hot-tempered children will quit the game.4. Despite their involvement in the game, the players are not ruled by it.Although they are engaged in playing the game, they are not completely bound by it.5. Far too often, even his parents, intimidated by the high-priced, high-tech gadget that has s ucked their child's humanity away, tiptoe around rather than disturb him.His parent, in great fear of disturbing him, quite often walk gently around the child, whose humani ty has been exhausted by the high-priced, high-tech game device./Far too often, even his parents, scared by the small high-priced, high-tech device that has deprived their child of human qualities, walk about carefully and quietly on tiptoe rather than break his con centration or divert his attention.Unit 101.Yet most of these five, like most of the college cheaters, would probably profess a strong social consciousness.Similar to most college cheaters, the five interviewees would be likely to claim to possess a strong awareness. / However, most of these five people, like a majority of the college students whocommit cheating on examinations, would probably claim that they have a strong sense of responsibility for society.2.These two examples exhibit a paradox of our age.These two examples illustrate the seemingly self-contradicting situation, i.e. while social morality is growing, private morality is declining./ These two examples clearly display a contradictory situation in our age.3.Beneficent and benevolent social institutions are administered by men who all too frequently turn out to be accepting "gifts."Those who run social charity institutions are often found to be bribe takers./ Charitable social organizations are managed or controlled by men who very often prove to be easily bribed.4.Morality means mores or manners and usual conduct is the only standard.Morality means the acceptance of customs and moral values of society or adherence to proper behaviour, and the established way of conduct is the sole criterion of judgment.5.Nothing is more important than this personal, interior sense of right and wrong and his determination to follow that rather than to be guided by what everybody does or merely the criterion of "social usefulness".The most important thing in a person’s life is his own conscience and his decision to adhere to it instead of being driven by so-called social practice or acceptance.6.They have a wrong notion of what the real, the ultimate, security is.They have a wrong idea of, and don’t actually understand, what the real, the ultimate security means./ They have a wrong idea of what the genuine, the essential, security is.Unit 111.For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were Assumed to be what we now have to call-lamely, enviously-whole persons.Greek thought beauty was a fine virtue, a type of perfection. People at that time were expected to be beings of integrity, whom we now call whole persons, a term used somewhat awkwardly but not without envy.2.They may have resisted Socrates' lessons. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beautyThe Greeks may have refused to accept Socrates' lesson. But we do not. Thousands of years later, we are now more cautious about the charm and attraction of beauty3.For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes: the sex which, however fair, is always second.For nearly 200 years, beauty has been customarily related to only one of the two sexes, the female, which is always the secondary sex no matter haw fair it seems to be.4.In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex---to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.In every modern country, women are always regarded as the beautiful sex, which corrupts not only the notion of beauty but also the sex itself.5.It dos not take someone in the throes of advanced feminist awareness to perceive that the way Women are taught to be involved with beauty encourages narcissism, reinforces dependence and immaturity.One does not have to be struggling with unconventional feminist views, even so advanced as to beunacceptable, to realize that what women have been taught about beauty encourages their admiration of their own looks, their dependence on men, and their intellectual immaturity.6.Given these stereotypes, it is no wonder that beauty enjoys, at best, a rather mixed reputation.With such widely-accepted social biases, it is not surprising that the word beauty has, in the most favorable case, both a positive and a negative connotation.7.Even if same pass muster, some will always be found wanting.Even if some parts of the body are accepted as satisfactory, some others are still below par.8.Women get some critical distance from the excellence and privilege which is beauty, enough distance to see haw much beauty itself has been abridged in order to prop up the mythology of the "feminine."Women should keep a sufficiently long distance away from beauty , which is their excellence and privilege, to find out to what extent the notion of beauty has been reduced in essence to Support the make-up story of the women.Unit 121.they automatically brace themselves for whatever is coming next.No matter what happens next, they automatically prepare for it.2.they always had an absolute and enormous meaning in the world of men, an identifying stamp usually incomprehensible to female judgment.These choices are absolutely decisive in the world of men, which are identification marks female judgment often fails to grasp.3.In general, men of all ages turn out not to want to give up the habit of fixing on a suitable self-image and then carefully tending it, instead of taking up all the new options.In general, men of all ages are reluctant to give up the habit of establishing a proper self-image and then carefully maintaining it instead of accepting all new choices.4.No stepping over the boundaries was thinkable.It is impossible to cross the border.5.It also gave men official exemption from fashion risk, and official sanction to laugh at women for perpetually incurring it.It also officially gave men the right to be protected from the dangers of fashion and gave them the right to mock women for their constant dangers.Unit131.The legions of these Myrmidons covered all the hills and vales in my woodyard, and the ground was already strewn with the dead and dying, both red and black.The army of these Myrmidons covers all the hills and valleys in my timber yard, and the ground is already covered with dead and dying red and black ants.2.Perchance he was some Achilles, who had nourished his wrath apart, and had now come to avenge or rescue his Patroclus.Perhaps it was one of Achilles' fierce warriors, sulking alone outside the heat of battle, who now came to rescue Patroclus, the friend of life and death, or to avenge the death of his unfortunate friend3.There were three united for life, as if a new kind of attraction had been invented whichput all other locks and cements to shame.Sticking together to survive, the three combatants seem to have created a new glue that dwarfs any chain or cement.Unit 141.our pushover parenting is doing more harm than goodOur feeble way of education does more harm than good2.They have discovered that the fees are just the tip of the iceberg.They have found that the fees are just a drop in the bucket.3.whether a wardrobe crammed full of Armani Baby guarantees adult happiness is a moot point.A controversial topic is whether the wardrobe full of Armani Baby can guarantee the happiness of adults.4.Our children believe that they are entitled to the same rights as grown-ups, but they are not yet ready to accept grown-up responsibilities.Our children believe that they should have the same rights as adults, but they are not ready to assume the responsibilities of adults.5 “Most parents don't want to provoke a confrontation. I know I'm as much of a soft touch as the next parent.”A large majority of parents dislike incurring hostility from their children. I know I am incurably tolerant with the kids, the same as any other parent.。
